Directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna and bandwidth extension method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna and a bandwidth expansion method, and belongs to the field of antenna technology. The antenna comprises: a dielectric substrate; an electrically small broadband electric dipole comprising a grid-shaped metasurface 1 arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and a grid-shaped metasurface 2; a feeding port, which respectively connects a microstrip feed line 1 and a microstrip feed line 2 through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial device; a microstrip feed line 1 and a microstrip feed line 2 respectively connected to the two sides of the feeding port; an electrically small broadband magnetic dipole distributed in a ring shape on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, having a plurality of mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures and an interdigital type zero phase shift structure. The present invention reconstructs an electrically small magnetic dipole, significantly improves the bandwidth of the electrically small magnetic dipole while maintaining stable magnetic dipole radiation; by changing the size of the grid unit, the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole and the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole coincide, thereby realizing wide-beam broadband Huygens source radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna and a bandwidth expansion method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of terminal equipment, the demand for miniaturized and high-performance antennas is increasing day by day. Hybrid multipoles, that is, antennas composed of a pair or more magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles in any combination, can achieve directional radiation characteristics with flexible design methods at an electrically small size, and have the advantages of simple structure and low cost. The Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna has directional wide-beam radiation characteristics, and its E-plane and H-plane beam widths can reach 130° under ideal conditions. However, the narrowband characteristics of magnetic dipoles at electrically small sizes and the harsh excitation conditions of Huygens source radiation result in the bandwidth of this type of antenna being less than 1.5%. Therefore, the bandwidth expansion of wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antennas becomes particularly important, which can provide terminal equipment with smaller and higher-performance RF front-end devices. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna and a bandwidth expansion method.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna, comprising:

[0006] dielectric substrate;

[0007] The electrically small broadband electric dipole comprises: a grid-shaped metasurface 1 arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and a grid-shaped metasurface 2;

[0008] The feeding port is connected to the microstrip feed line 1 and the microstrip feed line 2 respectively through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial device;

[0009] Furthermore, the electrically small broadband magnetic dipoles distributed in a ring shape on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate have a plurality of mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures and interdigital type zero phase shift structures.

[0010] Optionally, the microstrip feed line 1, microstrip feed line 2 and feed line port are all arranged between the grid-like metasurface 1 and the grid-like metasurface 2.

[0011] Optionally, the grid-like hypersurface 1 and / or the grid-like hypersurface 2 includes a plurality of rectangles arranged in an array.

[0012] Optionally, the mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure includes a convex structure unit and a concave structure unit.

[0013] Optionally, the interdigital zero phase shift structure comprises a plurality of arc-shaped structural units arranged in an interlaced manner.

[0014] Optionally, the feeding port is arranged on the central axis of the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip feed line 1 and the microstrip feed line 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis.

[0015] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 6006 dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant is 6.15, and the loss angle of the dielectric substrate is = 0.0019.

[0016] Optionally, the dielectric substrate is circular, and the ratio of the radius of the dielectric substrate, the spacing of the interdigital zero phase shift structure, and the length of the interdigital zero phase shift structure is 40:1:13.3.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention relates to a directional wide beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna and a bandwidth extension method, comprising the following steps:

[0018] An electrically small broadband electric dipole and an electrically small broadband magnetic dipole are constructed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate respectively; the electrically small broadband electric dipole comprises a grid-shaped metasurface 1 and a grid-shaped metasurface 2; the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole has a plurality of mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures and an interdigital type zero phase shift structure;

[0019] The sizes of the grid units of the grid-like metasurface 1 and the grid-like metasurface 2 are changed to adjust the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole so that it coincides with the phase center of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole.

[0020] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a communication device, comprising the above-mentioned directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention reconstructs the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole by designing a non-periodic zero phase shift structure, which can significantly improve the bandwidth of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole while maintaining stable magnetic dipole radiation.

[0023] The antenna structure of the present invention is combined with an electrically small broadband electric dipole composed of a grid-like metasurface structure, and the size of the grid unit is changed to adjust the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole at different resonant frequencies, so that it is closely coincident with the phase center of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole, thereby realizing wide-beam broadband Huygens source radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The electrically small broadband magnetic dipole in the specific embodiment of the present invention is placed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the radius of the dielectric substrate is R = 40 mm. The spacing of the interdigital zero phase shift structure is g = 1 mm, and the length of each interdigital structure is L = 13.3 mm.

[0027] Figure 3 The small broadband electric dipole in the specific embodiment of the present invention is placed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The size of the microstrip feed line is L1×W1=34.5 mm×1.5 mm, the size of each grid is L2×W2=10.5 mm×8.5 mm, and L3×W3=11.5 mm×8.5 mm.

[0028] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the S11 parameters and 3D directional diagram of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole of the specific example in the present invention. Its -10-dB impedance bandwidth is 0.96-1.02 GHz, ka=0.83, and it has a stable magnetic dipole radiation mode.

[0029] Figure 5 The S11 parameters and 3D directional diagram of the antenna of the specific example provided by the present invention. Its -10dB impedance bandwidth reaches 8.5% (1.06-1.155GHz), ka=0.88, and it has stable wide-beam Huygens source radiation at three resonant frequencies (1.08 GHz, 1.124 GHz and 1.15GHz), and the achievable gains at the three resonant frequencies are 5.0dBi, 4.4dBi and 4.4dBi respectively; the 3dB beam widths of the E plane (H plane) are 108° (104°), 118° (114°) and 117° (111°) respectively; the radiation efficiencies are 90%, 80% and 80% respectively.

[0030] The components corresponding to the numbers in the figure are as follows:

[0031] 1. Dielectric substrate.

[0032] 2. Microstrip feed line 1: located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0033] 3. Feed port.

[0034] 4. Grid-like metasurface 1: located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0035] 5. Microstrip feed line 2: located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0036] 6. Mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure: located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0037] 7. Interdigital zero phase shift structure: located on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0038] 8. Grid-like metasurface 2: located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a directional wide-beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna structure is disclosed, including: a dielectric substrate 1, an electrically small broadband magnetic dipole, an electrically small broadband electric dipole and a microstrip feed line.

[0041] The electrically small broadband magnetic dipole is placed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and mainly includes a mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure 6 and an interdigital zero phase shift structure 7. The entire electrically small broadband magnetic dipole is annular and surrounds the dielectric substrate 1. The mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure 6 includes a convex structure unit and a concave structure unit, which are embedded together. The interdigital zero phase shift structure 7 includes a plurality of arc structure units arranged in an interlaced manner, which are arranged at equal intervals.

[0042] Specifically, the entire electrically small broadband magnetic dipole achieves bandwidth expansion of the electrically small magnetic dipole through a non-periodic zero phase shift structure, and maintains stable magnetic dipole radiation within the passband. The electrically small magnetic dipole is constructed through an interdigitated zero phase shift structure 7 to achieve a single-direction circular current distribution in multiple modes, thereby achieving bandwidth expansion of the electrically small magnetic dipole. However, there is an uneven current distribution on the magnetic dipole within the passband, resulting in unidirectional radiation in the directional diagram. Furthermore, the mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure 6 makes the current distribution on the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole more uniform and has a very small phase lag when the current flows along the mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure 6, thereby achieving stable magnetic dipole radiation of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole within a wide frequency band.

[0043] The electrically small broadband electric dipole is placed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1; it mainly includes a grid-shaped metasurface 1 4 and a grid-shaped metasurface 2 8 .

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grid cells in the grid-like hypersurface 1 4 and the grid-like hypersurface 2 8 are rectangular and arranged in an array.

[0045] The grid-like metasurface 1 4 and the grid-like metasurface 2 8, on the one hand, serve as an electrically small broadband electric dipole, and on the other hand, serve as an inductive impedance surface. In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole in a broadband is regulated by changing the size of the grid cells of the grid-like metasurface 1 4 and / or the grid-like metasurface 2 8, so that it closely coincides with the phase center of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole, and by adjusting the size of the feeding structure, the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole and the electrically small broadband electric dipole can be kept excited with equal amplitude in a broadband, thereby realizing broadband Huygens source radiation.

[0046] The microstrip feed line is placed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, specifically, can be arranged between the grid-shaped metasurface 1 4 and the grid-shaped metasurface 2 8. In some embodiments, the feeding port 3 is arranged on the central axis of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, the feeding port 3 can divide the microstrip feed line into microstrip feed line 1 2 and microstrip feed line 2 5, and the microstrip feed line 1 2 and microstrip feed line 2 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis. In some embodiments, the microstrip feed line 1 2 and the microstrip feed line 2 5 are located on the same straight line from a geometrical relationship, and the straight line can be perpendicular to the central axis.

[0048] In some more specific examples of the present invention, a specific directional wide beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna is disclosed, including the following specific design parameters:

[0049] Assume that the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz includes: origin o, x-axis, y-axis, z-axis;

[0050] The dielectric substrate 1 is parallel to the xoy plane of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz;

[0051] The thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 is h=0.6 mm, and the radius R=40 mm; the dielectric substrate 1 is a Rogers 4003 dielectric substrate 1, and the dielectric constant is 6.15. The loss angle of the dielectric substrate 1 is = 0.0019.

[0052] The radius of the dielectric substrate 1 is R = 40 mm. The spacing of the interdigital zero phase shift structure 7 is g = 1 mm, and the length of each interdigital structure is L = 13.3 mm.

[0053] Among them, the size of the microstrip feed line is L1×W1=34.5 mm×1.5 mm, the size of each grid is L2×W2=10.5 mm×8.5 mm, L3×W3=11.5 mm×8.5 mm.

[0054] In this embodiment, two mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures 6 are provided, and eight interdigital type zero phase shift structures 7 are provided, and both the mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures 6 and the interdigital type zero phase shift structures 7 are arranged symmetrically about the center of the dielectric substrate 1. The center of the arc-shaped interdigital type zero phase shift structure 7 can coincide with the center of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0055] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific design parameters are only an example of the present invention. In other embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can reasonably adjust the above-mentioned design parameters according to actual needs. For example, the specific dimensions of the grid-like metasurface 1 4 and the grid-like metasurface 2 8 in the above-mentioned example can be adjusted according to actual needs. Of course, the premise needs to meet the design purpose of the present invention, that is, to change the size of the grid unit to adjust the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole in the broadband so that it roughly coincides with the phase center of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole. For another example, the mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure 6 and the interdigital type zero phase shift structure 7 in this example can adjust their quantity and specific dimensions as needed.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, according to actual tests, the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna of this embodiment reaches 8.5% (1.06-1.155 GHz), ka=0.88, and it has stable wide-beam Huygens source radiation at three resonant frequencies (1.08 GHz, 1.124 GHz and 1.15 GHz), and the achievable gains at the three resonant frequencies are 5.0 dBi, 4.4 dBi and 4.4 dBi respectively; the 3 dB beamwidths of the E plane (H plane) are 108° (104°), 118° (114°) and 117° (111°) respectively; the radiation efficiencies are 90%, 80% and 80% respectively.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0058] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna, characterized in that: include: dielectric substrate; An electrically small broadband electric dipole comprises: a grid-shaped metasurface 1 arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and a grid-shaped metasurface 2; The feeding port is connected to the microstrip feed line 1 and the microstrip feed line 2 respectively through the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial device; and the electrically small broadband magnetic dipoles are distributed in a ring shape on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and have a plurality of mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures and interdigital type zero phase shift structures.

2. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip feed line 1, microstrip feed line 2 and feed line port are all arranged between the grid-like metasurface 1 and the grid-like metasurface 2.

3. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-like supersurface 1 and / or the grid-like supersurface 2 includes a plurality of rectangles arranged in an array.

4. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structure comprises a convex structure unit and a concave structure unit.

5. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interdigital zero phase shift structure comprises a plurality of arc-shaped structural units arranged in an interlaced manner.

6. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding port is arranged on the central axis of the dielectric substrate, and the first microstrip feed line and the second microstrip feed line are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis.

7. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 6006 dielectric substrate, with a dielectric constant of 6.15 and a loss angle of =0.0019.

8. The directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is circular, and the ratio of the radius of the dielectric substrate, the spacing of the interdigital zero phase shift structure, and the length of the interdigital zero phase shift structure is 40:1:13.

3.

9. A method for extending the bandwidth of a directional wide beam Huygens source electric small hybrid multipole antenna, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: An electrically small broadband electric dipole and an electrically small broadband magnetic dipole are constructed on the upper surface and the lower surface of a dielectric substrate respectively; the electrically small broadband electric dipole comprises a grid-like metasurface 1 and a grid-like metasurface 2; the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole has a plurality of mortise and tenon type zero phase shift structures and interdigital type zero phase shift structures; the sizes of the grid units of the grid-like metasurface 1 and the grid-like metasurface 2 are changed to adjust the phase center of the electrically small broadband electric dipole so that it coincides with the phase center of the electrically small broadband magnetic dipole.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises the directional wide beam Huygens source electrically small hybrid multipole antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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