Method and system for per-beam-based uplink duty cycle management based on events from body proximity sensors (bps)

Abstract

A user equipment includes a transceiver and a processor configured to receive, via the transceiver, a set of resource indicators identifying a set of beams from a base station and a configuration for reporting a duty cycle for transmission in an uplink direction for at least one resource indicator of the set of resource indicators. The processor is further configured to: determine the duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction for the at least one resource indicator of the set of resource indicators based on at least one of an event or periodicity reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS); and transmitting the determined duty cycle and the corresponding at least one resource indicator of the set of resource indicators to the base station via use of the transceiver according to the received configuration for reporting the duty cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments described herein generally relate to methods and systems for uplink duty cycle management on a per-beam basis by a user equipment (UE) based on human presence determined by a body proximity sensor of the UE. Background Art

[0002] Wireless mobile communication technologies use various standards and protocols to transmit data between base stations and wireless communication devices. Wireless communication system standards and protocols may include, for example, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) (such as 4G), 3GPP New Radio (NR) (such as 5G), and the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless local area networks (WLANs) (commonly referred to within industry organizations as WLANs). ).

[0003] As envisioned by 3GPP, different wireless communication system standards and protocols may use various radio access networks (RANs) to enable base stations of the RAN (which may also sometimes be referred to as RAN nodes, network nodes, or simply nodes) to communicate with wireless communication devices referred to as user equipment (UE). 3GPP RANs may include, for example, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) RAN (GERAN), Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), and / or Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN).

[0004] Each RAN can use one or more radio access technologies (RATs) for communication between base stations and UEs. For example, GERAN implements GSM and / or EDGE RAT, UTRAN implements Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) RAT or other 3GPP RAT, E-UTRAN implements LTE RAT (sometimes referred to as LTE), and NG-RAN implements NR RAT (sometimes also referred to as 5G RAT, 5G NR RAT, or NR in this document). In some deployments, E-UTRAN may also implement NR RAT. In some deployments, NG-RAN may also implement LTE RAT.

[0005] The base station used by the RAN may correspond to the RAN. An example of an E-UTRAN base station is an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Node B (also commonly denoted as an evolved Node B, enhanced Node B, eNodeB, or eNB). An example of an NG-RAN base station is a Next Generation Node B (also sometimes referred to as a gNodeB or gNB).

[0006] The RAN provides communication services together with external entities through its connection with the Core Network (CN). For example, E-UTRAN can utilize the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network, while NG-RAN can utilize the 5G Core Network (5GC). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit(s) in a reference number refers to the drawing number that first introduces the element.

[0008] Figure 1 An exemplary environment is depicted in which the embodiments described herein may be practiced.

[0009] Figure 2 Depicted are example scenarios for uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments.

[0010] Figure 3 Another exemplary scenario of uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments is depicted.

[0011] Figure 4 Another exemplary scenario of uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments is depicted.

[0012] Figure 5 Depicted is an exemplary flow diagram for reporting uplink duty cycle from a UE perspective according to some embodiments.

[0013] Figure 6 Depicted is an exemplary flow chart of a beam selection process from a base station perspective according to some embodiments.

[0014] Figure 7 An exemplary flow chart describing the operation of a beam selection process is depicted in accordance with some embodiments.

[0015] Figure 8 An exemplary architecture of a wireless communication system in a cellular carrier domain according to embodiments disclosed herein is depicted.

[0016] Fig. 9 A system for performing signaling between a UE and a network device according to embodiments disclosed herein is depicted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Reference will now be made specifically to the representative embodiments / aspects shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following description is not intended to limit the embodiments to a preferred embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalent forms that may be included in the spirit and scope of the embodiments defined by the appended claims.

[0018] Embodiments described herein include methods and apparatus (e.g., user equipment (UE), base station, etc.) for per-beam duty cycle management. In particular, various embodiments described herein relate to per-beam duty cycle management based on events, including but not limited to detecting the presence or absence of a human being near the UE using a body proximity sensor (BPS) of the UE.

[0019] Data between a user equipment (UE) and a base station (e.g., NB, eNB, eNodeB, etc.) may be transmitted in an uplink direction and / or a downlink direction using one or more beams selected using a beam selection process. The transmission power at which the UE can send data to the base station in the uplink direction on a beam may be limited. In some cases, the transmission power of a beam may be controlled by managing the uplink duty cycle of the beam by the UE. The duty cycle defines a portion or fraction of a period during which data may be transmitted. Thus, a higher duty cycle may increase data throughput and may also require a higher transmission power.

[0020] However, when a human is detected within a threshold distance of the UE, in order to limit radiation exposure to the human, the transmit power for one or more beams may need to be reduced or decreased to meet the maximum power transmission criteria set for the UE. Therefore, the transmit power may be managed on a per-beam basis. The transmit power may be managed by increasing and / or decreasing the duty cycle for one or more beams.

[0021] As described herein, a body proximity sensor in a UE may determine the presence or absence of a human being near the UE. The UE may be configured to determine one or more beams that may need to update their transmission power, i.e., increase or decrease the transmission power for one or more beams, based on the absence or presence of a human being.

[0022] Typically, the UE transmits data in the uplink direction on a beam selected by the base station for data transmission by the base station in the downlink direction. Therefore, if the base station selects a beam for data transmission in the downlink direction for which the UE needs to reduce transmission power, e.g., by reducing the duty cycle used for the beam, to reduce radiation exposure to humans within a threshold distance from the UE, the data throughput between the UE and the base station will be reduced.

[0023] In addition, the UE may be configured to transmit data in the uplink direction only at a specific transmission power and / or a specific duty cycle to reduce radiation exposure to humans. However, when no human is detected within a threshold distance from the UE, data is still transmitted at a transmission power limited to reduce radiation exposure and / or at a duty cycle that limits the transmission power, which will also reduce the data throughput between the UE and the base station.

[0024] In other words, by using the UE's BPS to detect the presence or absence of humans, duty cycle management can be improved. For example, when the UE detects using the BPS that a human is within a threshold distance from the UE that guarantees that the UE reduces the transmission power for one or more beams, the UE can reduce the uplink duty cycle for the one or more beams. The UE can report the uplink duty cycle for the one or more beams to the base station. The uplink duty cycle can be reported in a medium access control (MAC) layer control element (MACCE). And, when the UE detects using the BPS that no human is within a threshold distance from the UE, the UE can increase the duty cycle of one or more beams used for uplink data transmission, thereby increasing data throughput and network efficiency.

[0025] The base station may also perform a beam selection procedure based on the received duty cycle reports for one or more beams in addition to other measurement reports including one or more P-MPR and / or L1-RSRP reports.

[0026] In some cases, the UE may determine that a human has moved a threshold distance away from the UE and / or one or more beams, and may therefore increase the transmit power of one or more beams. The UE may recalculate the duty cycle for one or more beams accordingly to increase the transmit power for uplink data transmission, thereby improving data throughput and network efficiency.

[0027] In some cases, it may be necessary to reduce the transmission power used for a beam due to one or more reasons, including, but not limited to: the presence of humans within a threshold distance from the UE and / or one or more beams used for data transmission, link conditions, data buffer status for uplink data transmission, UE-specific equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP), etc.

[0028] As described herein according to some embodiments, a beam may be selected based on an uplink duty cycle reported by the UE in addition to other measurement reports from the UE. The UE may report a duty cycle corresponding to at least one beam identified based on a synchronization signal block (SSB) resource indicator (SSBRI) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource indicator (CRI).

[0029] The base station may use a resource indicator set to transmit beam configuration information identifying one or more beams for data transmission in the uplink direction and / or downlink direction. The resource indicator set may include one or more SSBRIs and / or one or more CRIs. In addition to the P-MPR measurement and L1-RSRP measurement for each beam, the UE may also perform measurements for the uplink duty cycle, and in addition to the P-MPR report and / or L1-RSRP report, may also generate one or more reports for the uplink duty cycle, each report including one or more corresponding indicators associated with one or more beams (e.g., SSBRI and / or CRI, etc.). The base station may consume the received reports for the uplink duty cycle, the P-MPR report, and the L1-RSRP report for the beam selection process.

[0030] Figure 1 Depicts an exemplary environment in which the embodiments described herein may be practiced. Figure 1 As shown in , the network 100 may include a base station 102 and a UE 104. Data may be transmitted between the UE 104 and the base station 102 using one or more beams (e.g., beams 106a, 106b, 106c, and / or 106d of the base station 102 and beams 108a, 108b, 108c, and / or 108d of the UE 104). As described above, each beam may be identified by a resource indicator. The resource indicator set may include one or more SSBRIs and / or one or more CRIs. The SSBRI and / or CRI identify a beam for data transmission in an uplink direction and / or a downlink direction. For example, in an idle mode during an initial access procedure, a beam may be identified using an SSBRI, and in a connected mode, a beam may be identified using a CRI.

[0031] The base station 102 may send a list of resource indicators (e.g., SSBRI and / or CRI) identifying a group or set of one or more beams to the UE 104. As a non-limiting example, one or more MAC CEs may be used to send a list of resource indicators (including SSBRI and / or CRI) for reporting an uplink duty cycle of one or more beams identified by one or more resource indicators (e.g., SSBRI and / or CRI). In some cases, the resource indicator list may be pre-configured or statically configured. In some cases, the resource indicator list may be dynamically configured based on a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state value and / or one or more downlink reference signals (DL Rs).

[0032] In some cases, the base station 102 may include a list of P-MPR reports and the L1-RSRP reports may include different resource indicators. However, there may be at least one common resource indicator between the resource indicator lists for the P-MPR reports and the L1-RSRP reports. In some embodiments, the resource indicator lists for the P-MPR reports and the L1-RSRP reports may be the same. In some cases, the resource indicator list for the P-MPR reports may be a subset of the resource indicator list for the L1-RSRP reports.

[0033] The base station 102 may also send configuration information to the UE 104 so as to send the uplink duty cycle to the base station 102. As a non-limiting example, the configuration information may be transmitted using a radio resource control configuration (RRCConfiguration) message and may indicate that an uplink duty cycle report is sent periodically and / or aperiodically (e.g., after an event occurs, including but not limited to where the P-MPR meets a specific criterion (e.g., when the P-MPR per beam changes and / or the uplink duty cycle changes by more than a specific threshold), when a P-MPR change and / or an uplink duty cycle change occurs for a specific number of beams, and / or when a P-MPR change and / or an uplink duty cycle change occurs for a beam currently used for data transmission in the uplink direction and / or downlink direction, and / or when there are uplink resources for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission, etc.). In some cases, the configuration information may indicate that the UE may send an uplink duty cycle report for a resource indicator with a P-MPR value of zero, in other words, the beam does not need to reduce transmit power. In some cases, the configuration information may indicate that the UE 104 may send an uplink duty cycle report independently or asynchronously with other measurement reports (e.g., P-MPR reports and / or L1-RSRP reports).

[0034] The UE may include a BPS (in Fig. 9 ), the BPS may be configured to detect the presence and / or absence of a human. When the UE detects the presence of a human within a threshold distance of the UE, the UE may determine one or more beams of beams 108a, 108b, 108c, and / or 108d that may need to have their transmission power reduced. When a human is detected within a threshold distance of the UE, the transmission power is reduced to reduce radiation exposure to the human and meet the maximum power transmission requirement set for the UE in the presence of a human. As a non-limiting example, the transmission power for the beam may be reduced by reducing the uplink duty cycle, and the UE may report the updated duty cycle for one or more beams to the base station.

[0035] Thus, when the user is at position 110a, the BPS may determine that the user is not within the threshold distance of UE 104, and therefore, the UE may transmit data using one or more of beams 108a, 108b, 108c, and / or 108d at a higher transmission power. Likewise, the UE may determine that the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams may be increased in order to increase the transmission power for the one or more beams. The UE may send an uplink duty cycle report to the base station, which may indicate the increase in the uplink duty cycle.

[0036] However, when the BPS detects that the user is now at position 110b, which is within a threshold distance of the UE and / or one or more of beams 108a, 108b, 108c, and / or 108d, the UE may reduce the transmission power for one or more of beams 108a, 108b, 108c, and / or 108d. The UE 104 may send an uplink duty cycle report, wherein the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams may be reduced to reduce the transmission power for the one or more beams to meet the maximum power transmission criteria.

[0037] In some embodiments, UE 104 may send an uplink duty cycle report to base station 102 in a new medium access control layer control element (MAC Ce). As a non-limiting example, in one MAC CE, the UE may send an uplink duty cycle and a corresponding at least one resource indicator. For example, the UE may send an uplink duty cycle report, where one MAC CE may include four resource indicators and corresponding uplink duty cycle information. In some cases, UE 104 may send an uplink duty cycle report in uplink control information in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) message.

[0038] As described above, the beam may be identified or associated with a resource indicator.The base station 102 may correlate the received uplink duty cycle report with other UE measurement reports for beam selection for data transmission in the uplink direction and / or the downlink direction.

[0039] Figure 2 Depicted are example scenarios for uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments. Figure 2As shown, the graph 200 may illustrate an uplink duty cycle for a beam for a maximum power transmit (MPE) window 210. As a non-limiting example, the maximum power transmit window 210 may be four seconds. The UE 104 may determine and update a transmit power for data transmission in the uplink direction for a portion of the MPE window 210. For example, the UE 104 may transmit data in the uplink direction at transmit power 1 202, transmit power 2 204, and transmit power 3 206 for a portion of the MPE window 210. Transmit power 1 202, transmit power 2 204, and transmit power 3 206 may have been reduced, for example, to meet MPE criteria based on detecting a human using a body proximity sensor of the UE 104.

[0040] However, the UE may determine that the human is not within the threshold distance of the UE and therefore does not need to reduce the transmit power for the remainder of the MPE window 210. The UE may increase the transmit power for the MPE window 210 (in Figure 2 208) during which the transmit power is not reduced, or the P-MPR value is zero. In other words, the UE may increase the uplink duty cycle for the remainder of the MPE window 210 according to a value configured for a UE-specific equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) specification. In some cases, the UE may determine that a human is present within a threshold distance of the UE, and the UE may calculate the maximum uplink duty cycle within window X 208 to ensure that the total transmit power within the MPE window 210 meets regulatory requirements by taking into account previous transmit powers 202, 204, and 206 within the MPE window 210.

[0041] In some cases, the window X 208 may be provided to the UE 104 as a configuration parameter for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report updated duty cycle information in an uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, the configuration parameter for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report updated duty cycle information in an uplink duty cycle report may be provided using radio resource control (RRC) signaling. In some cases, the value of the window X 208 may be set to 1. When the value of the window X 208 is set to 1, the UE may calculate and / or update the uplink duty cycle for the 1 second duration of the MPE window 210 based on transmissions in the uplink duration during the previous 3 seconds.

[0042] In some cases, the value of window X 208 may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer window. When the UE has sent an uplink duty cycle report to the base station, the UE may be restricted to sending another uplink duty cycle report within a specific duration, which is referred to herein as the inhibit timer window. Thus, the UE may determine whether the uplink duty cycle may be adjusted based on the absence or presence of a human detected using the UE's BPS. The UE may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer duration based on the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0043] In some cases, UE 104 may receive configuration information of a prohibition timer (ProhibitTimerULdutyCycle) and / or an uplink duty cycle change threshold (ULDutyCycleChangeThreshold) for an uplink duty cycle from base station 102 via a radio resource control configuration (RRCConfiguration) message. Base station 102 may be configured and / or instructed to send ProhibitTimerULdutyCycle and / or ULDutyCycleChangeThreshold information from the core network.

[0044] In some embodiments, the value of Window X 208 may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to periodically calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle in each preconfigured duration. Thus, the UE may report the calculated and / or adjusted uplink duty cycle for the next periodic interval, as described herein.

[0045] In some embodiments, the diagram 200 may illustrate uplink transmissions for a beam group including beam 1 transmitting at transmit power 1 202, beam 2 transmitting at transmit power 2 204, and beam 3 transmitting at transmit power 3 206. The UE 104 may determine that for the beam group including beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3, there is no need to reduce the transmit power because the BPS of the UE 104 does not indicate the presence of a human within a threshold distance of the UE. Therefore, the UE may transmit data in the uplink direction at the maximum transmit power without limiting the uplink duty cycle for the beam group. In other words, the UE may determine that the P-MPR value may be zero for the beam group and may increase or adjust the uplink duty cycle according to the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0046] In some cases, beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 of a beam group may be non-overlapping. In such cases, the UE may determine an adjusted duty cycle for one or more of beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 and report to the base station in an uplink duty cycle report.

[0047] In some cases, the UE may report uplink duty cycle for more than one duty cycle period. For example, the UE may report uplink duty cycle for two duty cycle periods. In some cases, for non-overlapping beams of a beam group, the UE may send a separate uplink duty cycle report for each beam. However, in some cases, the UE may send uplink duty cycle reports for more than one beam in a beam group, each beam being identified by its corresponding resource indicator.

[0048] In some cases, beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 of the beam group may overlap with each other. In such a case, the UE may determine an adjusted duty cycle for one or more beams of beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 based on the average value of the transmission power of the overlapping beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3, and report a corresponding resource indicator to the base station in an uplink duty cycle report.

[0049] In some embodiments, the diagram 200 may illustrate uplink transmissions for beam group 1, which includes beam 1 transmitting at transmission power 1 202, and beam group 2, which includes beam 2 transmitting at transmission power 2 204 and beam 3 transmitting at transmission power 3 206. In this case, the UE may determine the uplink duty cycle for each beam group separately, as follows using Figure 3 and Figure 4 as described.

[0050] Figure 3 Another exemplary scenario of uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments is depicted. Figure 3 As shown in , the graph 300 can illustrate the uplink duty cycle of the beam for the maximum power transmit (MPE) window 306. As a non-limiting example, the maximum power transmit window 306 as described above can be four seconds. The UE 104 can determine and update the transmission power for data transmission in the uplink direction for a portion of the MPE window 306 (e.g., window X 304). For example, the UE 104 can transmit data in the uplink direction at transmission power 1 302 for a portion of the MPE window 306. The transmission power 1 302 may have been reduced, for example, to meet the MPE standard based on detecting a human using a body proximity sensor of the UE 104.

[0051] However, the UE may determine that the human is not within the threshold distance of the UE and therefore does not need to reduce the transmit power for the remainder of the MPE window 306. The UE may increase the transmit power for the MPE window 306 (in Figure 3 304) during which the transmit power is not reduced or the P-MPR value is zero. In other words, the UE may increase the uplink duty cycle for the remainder of the MPE window 306 according to the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification. In some cases, the UE may determine that a human is present within a threshold distance of the UE, and the UE may calculate the maximum uplink duty cycle within window X 304 to ensure that the total transmit power within the MPE window 306 meets the regulatory requirements by taking into account the previous transmit power 302 within the MPE window 306. In other words, Figure 3 It is shown that the UE can determine, calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle separately for each beam group and / or separately for each beam in the beam group.

[0052] Figure 4 Another exemplary scenario of uplink duty cycle for one or more beams in a beam set according to some embodiments is depicted. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 4 , a graph 400 may illustrate an uplink duty cycle for a beam for a maximum power transmit (MPE) window 408. As a non-limiting example, the maximum power transmit window 408 may be four seconds. The UE 104 may determine and update a transmit power for data transmission in the uplink direction for a portion of the MPE window 408. For example, the UE 104 may transmit data in the uplink direction at a transmit power 1 402 and a transmit power 2 404 for a portion of the MPE window 408. The transmit power 1 402 and the transmit power 2 404 may have been reduced, for example, to meet the MPE criteria based on detecting a human using a body proximity sensor of the UE 104.

[0053] However, the UE may determine that the human is not within the threshold distance of the UE and therefore does not need to reduce the transmit power for the remainder of the MPE window 408. The UE may increase the transmit power for the MPE window 408 (in Figure 4406) during which the transmit power is not reduced or the P-MPR value is zero. In some cases, the UE may determine that there is a human within a threshold distance of the UE for the beam direction group, and the UE may calculate the maximum uplink duty cycle within window X 406 to ensure that the total transmit power within the MPE window 408 meets the regulatory requirements by considering the previous transmit powers 402 and 402 for the beam direction group within the MPE window 408. In other words, the UE may increase the uplink duty cycle for the remainder of the MPE window 408 according to the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0054] Figure 5 An exemplary flow chart for reporting uplink duty cycle from a UE perspective according to some embodiments is depicted. Figure 5 As shown in , flowchart 500 illustrates operations performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104), as described herein. In 502, UE 104 may receive a resource indicator set and / or a configuration for reporting an uplink duty cycle for one or more beams to base station 102 from base station 102. Each of the one or more beams may be identified by a resource indicator in the resource indicator set. As described above, the resource indicator set may include one or more SSBRIs and / or one or more CRIs. Thus, each resource indicator may identify a beam for data transmission in an uplink direction and / or a downlink direction.

[0055] In some cases, the configuration for reporting the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams to the base station 102 may include configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, radio resource control (RRC) signaling may be used to provide the configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to, for example, 1, which may indicate that the UE 104 calculates and / or updates the uplink duty cycle for a 1 second duration of the MPE window. As a non-limiting example, the MPE window may be four seconds. Therefore, the received value for the configuration parameter may cause the UE to calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle based on transmissions in the uplink duration during the first 3 seconds of the MPE window.

[0056] In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer window. When the UE has sent an uplink duty cycle report to the base station, the UE may be restricted to sending another uplink duty cycle report within a specific duration, which is referred to herein as the inhibit timer window. Therefore, the UE may determine whether the uplink duty cycle can be adjusted based on the absence or presence of a human detected using the UE's BPS. The UE may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer duration based on the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0057] In some embodiments, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to periodically calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle in each preconfigured duration. Thus, the UE may report the uplink duty cycle calculated and / or adjusted for the next periodic interval, as described herein.

[0058] In 504, the UE 104 may calculate an uplink duty cycle for one or more beams as described herein. The uplink duty cycle for one or more beams may be calculated based on a configuration received from the base station 102. The configuration received at the UE 104 from the base station 102 may indicate that the uplink duty cycle may be determined periodically and / or based on an event (e.g., an event reported from a BPS of the UE 104). The BPS of the UE 104 may detect the presence or absence of a human being near the UE 104. Based on the detection of the presence or absence of a human being, the UE 104 may determine that the transmission power for one or more beams may be reduced or increased to meet the MPE requirements according to the UE-specific EIRP specification. Therefore, as described herein, the UE 104 may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams. As described above, a beam is identified by its corresponding resource indicator. Thus, UE 104 may calculate and / or adjust an uplink duty cycle for one or more resource indicators in the set of resource indicators received by UE 104 from base station 102 in 502 above.

[0059] In 506, UE 104 may transmit to base station 102 the duty cycle calculated or determined in 504 above for one or more beams having associated one or more resource indicators. The duty cycle report may be transmitted in a MAC CE. As described above, each MAC CE may include a duty cycle report for one or more resource indicators. In some cases, the duty cycle report for each beam in a beam group and / or different beam groups may be sent separately.

[0060] In some cases, UE 104 may transmit a duty cycle report with or without a buffer status report (BSR) that notifies base station 102 of data to be transmitted in the uplink direction.

[0061] Figure 6 An exemplary flow chart for reporting uplink duty cycle from a base station perspective according to some embodiments is depicted. Figure 6 As shown in , flow chart 600 illustrates operations performed by a base station (e.g., base station 102) as described herein. In 602, base station 102 may transmit a resource indicator set and / or a configuration for reporting an uplink duty cycle for one or more beams to UE 104. Each of the one or more beams may be identified by a resource indicator in the resource indicator set. As described above, the resource indicator set may include one or more SSBRIs and / or one or more CIs. Thus, each resource indicator may identify a beam for data transmission in an uplink direction and / or a downlink direction.

[0062] In some cases, the configuration for reporting the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams to the base station 102 may include configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, radio resource control (RRC) signaling may be used to provide the configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to, for example, 1, which may indicate that the UE 104 calculates and / or updates the uplink duty cycle for a 1 second duration of the MPE window. As a non-limiting example, the MPE window may be four seconds. Therefore, the received value for the configuration parameter may cause the UE to calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle based on transmissions in the uplink duration during the first 3 seconds of the MPE window.

[0063] In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer window. When the UE has sent an uplink duty cycle report to the base station, the UE may be restricted to sending another uplink duty cycle report within a specific duration, which is referred to herein as the inhibit timer window. Therefore, the UE may determine whether the uplink duty cycle can be adjusted based on the absence or presence of a human detected using the UE's BPS. The UE may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer duration based on the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0064] In some embodiments, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to periodically calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle in each preconfigured duration. Thus, the UE may report the uplink duty cycle calculated and / or adjusted for the next periodic interval, as described herein.

[0065] In 604, the base station 102 may receive a duty cycle report including one or more duty cycles determined by the UE 104 according to the configuration sent to the UE 104 in 602 above. The one or more duty cycle reports include a one-second duration for a four-second MPE window, a next inhibit timer duration, and / or a duty cycle determined for a preconfigured time interval on a periodic basis, and / or based on an event such as a BPS report from the UE 104, etc. As described above, the event may include a change in the uplink duty cycle exceeding a certain threshold, a change in the uplink duty cycle value for a certain number of beams, and / or a change in the uplink duty cycle value for a beam being used for data transmission in the uplink direction or the downlink direction.

[0066] Figure 7 An exemplary flow chart describing operations for duty cycle reporting from a UE to a base station is depicted in accordance with some embodiments. Figure 7 As shown in , flowchart 700 illustrates operations performed for reporting duty cycle as described herein. In 702, UE 104 may receive a resource indicator set and / or a configuration for reporting an uplink duty cycle for one or more beams from base station 102 via a transceiver of UE 104. Each of the one or more beams may be identified by a resource indicator in the resource indicator set. As described above, the resource indicator set may include one or more SSBRIs and / or one or more CIs. Thus, each resource indicator may identify a beam for data transmission in an uplink direction and / or a downlink direction.

[0067] In some cases, the configuration for reporting the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams to the base station 102 may include configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, radio resource control (RRC) signaling may be used to provide the configuration parameters for which the UE 104 needs to measure and / or report the updated duty cycle information in the uplink duty cycle report. In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to, for example, 1, which may indicate that the UE 104 calculates and / or updates the uplink duty cycle for a 1 second duration of the MPE window. As a non-limiting example, the MPE window may be four seconds. Therefore, the received value for the configuration parameter may cause the UE to calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle based on transmissions in the uplink duration during the first 3 seconds of the MPE window.

[0068] In some cases, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer window. When the UE has sent an uplink duty cycle report to the base station, the UE may be restricted to sending another uplink duty cycle report within a specific duration, which is referred to herein as the inhibit timer window. Therefore, the UE may determine whether the uplink duty cycle can be adjusted based on the absence or presence of a human detected using the UE's BPS. The UE may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for the next inhibit timer duration based on the value configured for the UE-specific EIRP specification.

[0069] In some embodiments, the value of the configuration parameter may be set to indicate that the UE 104 may need to periodically calculate and / or update the value of the uplink duty cycle in each preconfigured duration. Thus, the UE may report the uplink duty cycle calculated and / or adjusted for the next periodic interval, as described herein.

[0070] In 704, the UE 104 may calculate or determine an uplink duty cycle for one or more beams as described herein. The uplink duty cycle for one or more beams may be calculated based on a configuration received from the base station 102. The configuration received at the UE 104 from the base station 102 may indicate that the uplink duty cycle may be determined periodically and / or based on events reported, for example, from a BPS of the UE 104. The BPS of the UE 104 may detect the presence or absence of a human being near the UE 104. Based on the detection of the presence or absence of a human being, the UE 104 may determine that the transmission power for one or more beams may be reduced or increased to meet the MPE requirements according to the UE-specific EIRP specification. Therefore, as described herein, the UE 104 may calculate and / or adjust the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams. As described above, a beam is identified by its corresponding resource indicator. Thus, UE 104 may calculate and / or adjust an uplink duty cycle for one or more resource indicators in the set of resource indicators received by UE 104 from base station 102 in 702 above.

[0071] In 706, UE 104 may transmit to base station 102 the duty cycle calculated or determined in 704 above for one or more beams having associated one or more resource indicators. The duty cycle report may be transmitted in a MAC CE. As described above, each MAC CE may include a duty cycle report for one or more resource indicators. In some cases, the duty cycle report for each beam in a beam group and / or different beam groups may be sent separately.

[0072] In some cases, UE 104 may transmit a duty cycle report with or without a buffer status report (BSR) that notifies base station 102 of data to be transmitted in the uplink direction.

[0073] Embodiments contemplated herein include an apparatus having means for performing one or more elements of methods 500, 600, or 700. In the context of methods 500 or 700, the apparatus may be, for example, an apparatus of a UE (such as wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein). In the context of methods 600 or 700, the apparatus may be, for example, an apparatus of an access point or base station (such as network device 918 as an access point or base station, as described herein).

[0074] Embodiments contemplated herein include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform one or more elements of methods 500, 600, or 700. In the context of methods 500 or 700, the non-transitory computer-readable medium may be, for example, a memory of a UE (such as memory 906 of wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein). In the context of methods 600 or 700, the non-transitory computer-readable medium may be, for example, a memory of an access point or base station (such as memory 924 of network device 918 as an access point or base station, as described herein).

[0075] Embodiments contemplated herein include an apparatus having logic, modules, or circuitry for performing one or more elements of methods 500, 600, or 700. In the context of methods 500 or 600, the apparatus may be, for example, an apparatus of a UE (such as wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein). In the context of methods 600 or 700, the apparatus may be, for example, an apparatus of an access point or base station (such as network device 918 as an access point or base station, as described herein).

[0076] Embodiments contemplated herein include an apparatus having one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media using or storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform one or more elements of methods 500, 600, or 700. In the context of methods 500 or 600, the apparatus may be, for example, an apparatus of a UE (such as wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein), or an apparatus of an access point or application server (such as network device 918 as an access point or base station, as described herein).

[0077] Embodiments contemplated herein include a signal as described in or associated with one or more elements of methods 500 , 600 , or 700 .

[0078] Embodiments contemplated herein include a computer program or computer program product having instructions, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the processor performs Figures 5 to 7 The method operates on one or more elements in the Figures 5 to 7In the context of, the processor may be a processor of a UE (such as processor 904 of wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein), and the instructions may, for example, be located in the processor and / or on a memory of the UE (such as memory 906 of wireless device 902 as a UE, as described herein); or the processor may be a processor of an access point or a base station in a cellular carrier domain (such as processor 922 of network device 920 as a base station, as described herein), and the instructions may, for example, be located in the processor and / or on a memory of a base station or access point (such as memory 924 of network device 920 as a base station, as described herein).

[0079] Figure 8 An exemplary architecture of a wireless communication system in a cellular carrier domain according to an embodiment disclosed herein is depicted. The description provided below is for an exemplary wireless communication system 800 operating in conjunction with LTE system standards and / or 5G or NR system standards, and / or future 6G standards, etc., as provided by 3GPP technical specifications.

[0080] like Figure 8 As shown, wireless communication system 800 includes UE 802 and UE 804 (however, any number of UEs may be used). In this example, UE 802 and UE 804 are shown as smartphones (e.g., handheld touch screen mobile computing devices capable of connecting to one or more cellular networks), but may also include any mobile or non-mobile computing device configured for wireless communication.

[0081] UE 802 and UE 804 may be configured to be communicatively coupled to RAN 806. In an embodiment, RAN 806 may be NG-RAN, E-UTRAN, etc. UE 802 and UE 804 utilize connections (or channels) (shown as connection 808 and connection 810, respectively) with RAN 806, where each connection (or channel) includes a physical communication interface. RAN 806 may include one or more base stations, such as base station 812 and base station 814, to implement connection 808 and connection 810.

[0082] In this example, connection 808 and connection 810 are air interfaces that enable such communicative coupling and may conform to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) used by RAN 806, such as, for example, LTE and / or NR.

[0083] In some embodiments, UE 802 and UE 804 may also directly communicate data via side link interface 816. UE 804 is shown as being configured to access an access point (shown as AP 818) via connection 820. For example, connection 820 may include a local wireless connection, such as any connection that complies with the IEEE 802.11 protocol, wherein AP 818 may include In this example, AP 818 may not be connected to another network (eg, the Internet) through CN 824.

[0084] In an embodiment, UE 802 and UE 804 may be configured to communicate with each other or with base station 812 and / or base station 814 over a multi-carrier communication channel using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signals according to various communication techniques, such as, but not limited to, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication techniques (e.g., for downlink communication) or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) communication techniques (e.g., for uplink and ProSe or sidelink communication), although the scope of the embodiment is not limited in this respect. The OFDM signal may include multiple orthogonal subcarriers.

[0085] In some embodiments, all or part of the base station 812 or the base station 814 may be implemented as one or more software entities running on a server computer as part of a virtual network. In addition, or in other embodiments, the base station 812 or the base station 814 may be configured to communicate with each other via the interface 822. In an embodiment where the wireless communication system 800 is an LTE system (e.g., when the CN 824 is an EPC), the interface 822 may be an X2 interface. The X2 interface may be defined between two or more base stations (e.g., two or more eNBs, etc.) connected to the EPC and / or between two eNBs connected to the EPC. In an embodiment where the wireless communication system 800 is an NR system (e.g., when the CN 824 is a 5GC), the interface 822 may be an Xn interface. The Xn interface is defined between two or more base stations (e.g., two or more gNBs, etc.) connected to the 5GC, between the base station 812 (e.g., gNB) and the eNB connected to the 5GC, and / or between two eNBs connected to the 5GC (e.g., CN 824).

[0086] The RAN 806 is shown communicatively coupled to the CN 824. The CN 824 may include one or more network elements 826 configured to provide various data and telecommunication services to customers / subscribers (e.g., UE 802 and users of UE 804) connected to the CN 824 via the RAN 806. The components of the CN 824 may be implemented in one physical device or separate physical devices including components for reading and executing instructions from a machine-readable or computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium).

[0087] In an embodiment, CN 824 may be an EPC, and RAN 806 may be connected to CN 824 via an S1 interface 828. In an embodiment, S1 interface 828 may be divided into two parts: an S1 user plane (S1-U) interface, which carries traffic data between base station 812 or base station 814 and a serving gateway (S-GW); and an S1-MME interface, which is a signaling interface between base station 812 or base station 814 and a mobility management entity (MME).

[0088] In an embodiment, CN 824 may be a 5GC, and RAN 806 may be connected to CN 824 via an NG interface 828. In an embodiment, the NG interface may be divided into two parts: an NG user plane (NG-U) interface, which carries traffic data between base station 812 or base station 814 and a user plane function (UPF); and an S1 control plane (NG-C) interface, which is a signaling interface between base station 812 or base station 814 and an access and mobility management function (AMF).

[0089] In general, the application server 830 may be an element that provides applications that use Internet Protocol (IP) bearer resources with the CN 824 (e.g., packet-switched data services). The application server 830 may also be configured to support one or more communication services (e.g., VoIP sessions, group communication sessions, etc.) for the UE 802 and UE 804 via the CN 824. The application server 830 may communicate with the CN 824 via an IP communication interface 832.

[0090] Fig. 9 A system for performing signaling between a UE and a network device according to embodiments disclosed herein is depicted. System 900 may be part of a wireless communication system as described herein. Wireless device 902 may be, for example, a UE of a wireless communication system. Network device 920 may be, for example, a base station or access point connected to the wireless communication system via a wired or wireless communication link.

[0091] The wireless device 902 may include one or more processors 904. The processor 904 may execute instructions to perform various operations of the wireless device 902 as described herein. The processor 904 may include one or more baseband processors implemented using, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a controller, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device, another hardware device, a firmware device, or any combination thereof for performing the operations described herein.

[0092] The wireless device 902 may include a memory 906. The memory 906 may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions 908 (which may include, for example, instructions executed by the processor 904). The instructions 908 may also be referred to as program code or a computer program. The memory 906 may also store data used by the processor 904 and results calculated by the processor.

[0093] The wireless device 902 may include one or more transceivers 910, which may include radio frequency (RF) transmitter and / or receiver circuitry that uses an antenna 912 of the wireless device 902 to facilitate signaling (e.g., signaling 938) transmitted or received by the wireless device 902 with other devices (e.g., network device 920) in accordance with a corresponding RAT.

[0094] The wireless device 902 may include one or more antennas 912 (e.g., one, two, four, or more). For implementations with multiple antennas 912, the wireless device 902 may take full advantage of the spatial diversity of these multiple antennas 912 to send and / or receive multiple different data streams on the same time-frequency resources. This approach may be referred to as, for example, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) approach (referring to multiple antennas used on the transmitting device and the receiving device side to implement this aspect, respectively). The MIMO transmission performed by the wireless device 902 may be implemented based on precoding (or digital beamforming) applied to the wireless device 902, and the wireless device 902 multiplexes the data streams between the antennas 912 based on known or assumed channel characteristics, so that each data stream is received with appropriate signal strength relative to other streams and at a desired location in the spatial domain (e.g., the location of the receiver associated with the data stream). Certain implementations may use a single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) approach (where data streams are all directed to a single receiver) and / or a multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) approach (where individual data streams may be directed to individual (different) receivers at different locations in the spatial domain).

[0095] In some embodiments, a wireless device 902 (eg, a UE) may communicate with a network device 920 (eg, a base station or access point). The wireless device 902 may communicate with the access point via an antenna 912, and the access point may communicate with the network device 920 via a wired or wireless connection.

[0096] In certain embodiments with multiple antennas, the wireless device 902 may implement analog beamforming techniques whereby the phases of the signals transmitted by the antennas 912 are adjusted relative to each other so that the (joint) transmissions of the antennas 912 are directional (this is sometimes referred to as beam steering).

[0097] The wireless device 902 may include one or more interfaces 914. The interface 914 may be used to provide input or output to the wireless device 902. For example, a wireless device 902 as a UE may include an interface 914, such as a microphone, a speaker, a touch screen, a button, etc., to allow a user of the UE to input and / or output to the UE. Other interfaces of such a UE may be composed of a transmitter, a receiver, and other circuit systems (e.g., in addition to the transceiver 910 / antenna 912 described above), which allows the UE to communicate with other devices and may communicate according to known protocols (e.g., etc.) to perform the operation.

[0098] The wireless device 902 may include a UE measurement module 916 configured to perform measurements of duty cycle, P-MPR, and L1-RSRP as described herein. The UE measurement module 916 may be implemented via hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the UE measurement module 916 may be implemented as a processor, circuit, and / or instructions 908 stored in the memory 906 and executed by the processor 904. In some examples, the UE measurement module 916 may be integrated within the processor 904 and / or the transceiver 910. For example, the UE measurement module 916 may be implemented by a combination of software components (e.g., software components executed by a DSP or a general purpose processor) and hardware components (e.g., logic gates and circuit systems) within the processor 904 or the transceiver 910.

[0099] The wireless device 902 may include one or more sensors, such as a BPS 940. The body proximity sensor 940 may determine the presence and / or absence of a human being and report an event. For example, based on the event reported by the BPS 940, the uplink duty cycle for one or more beams may be updated as described herein.

[0100] The network device 920 may include one or more processors 922. The processor 922 may execute instructions to perform various operations of the network device 920 as described herein. The processor 922 may include one or more baseband processors implemented using, for example, a CPU, a DSP, an ASIC, a controller, an FPGA device, another hardware device, a firmware device, or any combination thereof configured to perform the operations described herein.

[0101] The network device 920 may include a memory 924. The memory 924 may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions 926 (which may include, for example, instructions executed by the processor 922). The instructions 926 may also be referred to as program code or a computer program. The memory 924 may also store data used by the processor 922 and results calculated by the processor.

[0102] The network device 920 may include one or more transceivers 928, which may include RF transmitter and / or receiver circuitry that uses an antenna 930 of the network device 920 to facilitate signaling (e.g., signaling 938) transmitted or received by the network device 920 with other devices (e.g., wireless device 902) according to the corresponding RAT. In some embodiments, the signaling 938 may occur via a wired or wireless network.

[0103] The network device 920 may include one or more antennas 930 (e.g., one, two, four, or more). In embodiments with multiple antennas 930, the network device 920 may perform MIMO, digital beamforming, analog beamforming, beam steering, etc. as described above.

[0104] The network device 920 may include one or more interfaces 932. The interface 932 may be used to provide input or output to the network device 920. For example, the network device 920 as a base station may include an interface 932 composed of a transmitter, a receiver, and other circuit systems (e.g., in addition to the transceiver 928 / antenna 930 described above), which enables the base station to communicate with other equipment in the core network and / or enables the base station to communicate with an external network, computer, database, etc., in order to achieve the purpose of performing operations, management, and maintenance of the base station or other equipment operably connected thereto.

[0105] The network device 920 may include a beam selection module 934 configured to select a beam based on one or more duty cycle reports, a P-MPR report, and one or more L1-RSRP reports received at the base station from the UE, as described herein. The beam selection module 934 may be implemented via hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the beam selection module 934 may be implemented as a processor, circuit, and / or instructions 926 stored in the memory 924 and executed by the processor 922. In some examples, the beam selection module 934 may be integrated within the processor 922 and / or the transceiver 928. For example, the beam selection module 934 may be implemented by a combination of software components (e.g., software components executed by a DSP or a general purpose processor) and hardware components (e.g., logic gates and circuit systems) within the processor 922 or the transceiver 928.

[0106] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components shown in one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes and / or methods as described herein. For example, the baseband processor described herein in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples described herein. For another example, the circuit system associated with the UE, base station, network element, etc. described above in conjunction with one or more of the foregoing figures may be configured to operate according to one or more of the examples shown herein.

[0107] Unless otherwise expressly stated, any of the above embodiments may be combined with any other embodiment (or combination of embodiments). The foregoing description of one or more specific implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. In view of the above teachings, modifications and variations are possible or can be obtained from the practice of various embodiments.

[0108] Embodiments and implementations of the systems and methods described herein may include various operations that may be embodied in machine executable instructions to be executed by a computer system. A computer system may include one or more general or special purpose computers (or other electronic devices). A computer system may include hardware components that include specific logic components for performing operations, or may include a combination of hardware, software, and / or firmware.

[0109] It should be appreciated that the systems described herein include descriptions of specific embodiments. These embodiments may be combined into a single system, partially incorporated into other systems, separated into multiple systems, or otherwise divided or combined. In addition, it is contemplated that parameters, attributes, aspects, etc. of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment. For clarity, these parameters, attributes, aspects, etc. are described only in one or more embodiments, and it should be appreciated that unless otherwise stated herein, these parameters, attributes, aspects, etc. may be combined with or substituted for parameters, attributes, aspects, etc. of another embodiment.

[0110] It is understood that the use of personally identifiable information should be subject to privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized to meet or exceed industry or government requirements for maintaining user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of the authorized use should be clearly stated to users.

[0111] Although the foregoing has been described in considerable detail for the sake of clarity, it will be apparent that certain changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention. It should be noted that there are many alternative ways to implement both the processes and the apparatus described herein. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and the specification is not limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the scope and equivalents of the appended claims.

[0112] As used herein, the phrase "at least one of" following a list of items, any of which is separated by the terms "and" or "or," modifies the list as a whole, rather than each member of the list. The phrase "at least one of" does not require selection of at least one of each of the listed items; rather, the phrase allows for a meaning that includes at least one of any of the items and / or at least one of any combination of the items and / or at least one of each of the items. For example, the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" or "at least one of A, B, or C" each refers to only A, only B, or only C; any combination of A, B, and C; and / or one or more of each of A, B, and C. Similarly, it should be understood that the order in which the elements are presented for the combined or separated lists provided herein should not be construed to limit the disclosure to only the order provided.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: Transceiver; and A processor, the processor being configured to: receiving, via the transceiver, from a base station a set of resource indicators identifying a set of beams and a configuration for reporting a duty cycle for transmission in an uplink direction for at least one resource indicator in the set of resource indicators; determining, at least one of event-based or periodically, the duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction for the at least one resource indicator in the set of resource indicators; as well as The determined duty cycle and the corresponding at least one resource indicator in the set of resource indicators are transmitted to the base station via the transceiver according to the received configuration for reporting the duty cycle.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the event comprises an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS) indicating that a human being is not present within a predetermined threshold distance, and wherein the processor is further configured to: increase the duty cycle for uplink transmission on one or more beams in the beam set associated with the at least one resource indicator in the resource indicator set.

3. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the event comprises an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS) indicating the presence of a human within a predetermined threshold distance, and Wherein the processor is further configured to: reduce the duty cycle for the uplink transmission on one or more beams in the set of beams associated with the at least one resource indicator in the set of resource indicators.

4. The UE of claim 1 , wherein to determine the duty cycle for the uplink transmission, the processor is further configured to: determining a maximum power transmission standard corresponding to an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS); and The duty cycle for the at least one resource indicator is determined based on a power management maximum power reduction (P-MPR) associated with the at least one resource indicator, the determined duty cycle for the at least one resource indicator and the corresponding P-MPR for the at least one resource indicator satisfying the determined maximum power transmission criterion.

5. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the event comprises: The change in uplink duty cycle exceeds a certain threshold, the uplink duty cycle value is changed for a certain number of beams, the uplink duty cycle value is changed for a beam being used for data transmission in the uplink direction or the downlink direction, and The processor is further configured to transmit the determined duty cycle and the corresponding at least one resource indicator to the base station via the transceiver in a medium access control layer control element (MAC CE) or in uplink control information in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) message.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to determine the duty cycle for one of: a next inhibit timer period, a period configured using a radio resource control configuration (RRCConfiguration) message, or periodically.

7. A UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: determine the duty cycle of the first part of the time window of maximum power emission (MPE) based on the uplink transmission during the second part of the time window of the MPE, and the second part of the time window of the MPE is before the first part of the time window of the MPE.

8. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: determining that a first beam and a second beam of the beam set do not overlap with each other; and The duty cycle for resource indicators in the set of resource indicators associated with the first beam and the duty cycle for resource indicators in the set of resource indicators associated with the second beam are determined.

9. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to: transmit a report to the base station via the transceiver, the report comprising the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the first beam and the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the second beam.

10. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to: transmit a first report and a second report to the base station via the transceiver, the first report including the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the first beam, and the second report including the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the second beam.

11. The UE of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit a report to the base station via the transceiver, the report comprising an average value of the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the first beam and the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the second beam.

12. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to: determining that a first beam and a second beam of the beam set belong to different beam groups; and In response to determining that the first beam and the second beam belong to the different beam groups, a first report and a second report are transmitted to the base station via the transceiver, wherein the first report includes the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the first beam, and the second report includes the determined duty cycle for the resource indicator associated with the second beam.

13. A base station, comprising: Transceiver; and A processor, the processor being configured to: transmitting, via the transceiver, to a user equipment (UE), a set of resource indicators identifying a set of beams and a configuration for reporting a duty cycle for transmission in an uplink direction for at least one resource indicator in the set of resource indicators; as well as In accordance with the configuration for reporting the duty cycle, a duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction and a corresponding resource indicator in the set of resource indicators are received from the UE via the transceiver, the duty cycle being received from the UE on a periodic basis or in response to an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS) of the UE.

14. A base station according to claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to: transmit the configuration for reporting the duty cycle to the UE by calculating the duty cycle for the first part of the time window for maximum power emission (MPE) based on transmission in the uplink direction during the second part of the time window of the MPE, and the second part of the time window of the MPE is before the first part of the time window of the MPE.

15. The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to transmit the configuration for reporting the duty cycle to the UE by calculating a duty cycle for a next prohibition timer, the next prohibition timer corresponding to a period during which reporting of the duty cycle is prohibited.

16. A method comprising: At a user equipment (UE), receiving from a base station a set of resource indicators identifying a set of beams and a configuration for reporting a duty cycle for transmission in an uplink direction for one or more resource indicators in the set of resource indicators; determining, by the UE at least one of event-based or periodically, the duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction for the one or more resource indicators in the set of resource indicators; as well as The determined duty cycle and corresponding one or more resource indicators in the set of resource indicators are transmitted from the UE to the base station according to the received configuration for reporting the duty cycle.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the event comprises an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS) indicating that a human is not present within a predetermined threshold distance, and The method further comprises: The duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction on one or more beams in the set of beams associated with the one or more resource indicators is increased by the UE.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the event comprises an event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS) indicating the presence of a human within a predetermined threshold distance, and The method further comprises: The duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction on one or more beams in the set of beams associated with the one or more resource indicators is reduced by the UE.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the duty cycle for transmission in the uplink direction comprises: determining, by the UE, a maximum power transmission requirement corresponding to the event reported by a body proximity sensor (BPS); as well as The duty cycle for the one or more resource indicators is determined by the UE based on a power management maximum power reduction (P-MPR) associated with the one or more resource indicators, and the determined duty cycle for the one or more resource indicators and the corresponding P-MPR for the one or more resource indicators satisfy the determined maximum power transmission requirement.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the event comprises: The change in uplink duty cycle exceeds a certain threshold, the uplink duty cycle value is changed for a certain number of beams, the uplink duty cycle value is changed for a beam being used for data transmission in the uplink direction or the downlink direction, and The method further includes: transmitting the determined duty cycle and the corresponding one or more resource indicators from the UE to the base station in a medium access control layer control element (MAC CE) or in uplink control information in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) message.

Images