A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration

Abstract

The invention discloses a mapping method for geological exploration, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration and mapping of image processing. A data exploration collection module is used to collect and extract geological, topographic and vegetation information in a 3×3 pixel matrix area. A data correction and adjustment module is used to correct, adjust and output parameters of the terrain, vegetation and water body. Based on the correction parameters of the water body, the terrain relief QF is adjusted by the data correction and adjustment module, and a new round of feedback adjustment is performed on the terrain, vegetation and water body. Based on the new round of feedback adjustment on the terrain, vegetation and water body, and using the geological feature mapping module, geological exploration mapping is performed. The invention introduces the terrain relief QF, the terrain slope coefficient P, and the coverage rate of the vegetation and water body for comprehensive exploration calculation, and also establishes a cyclic influence mechanism, so that the accuracy and reliability of the overall mapping result are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration and mapping of image processing, in particular to a geological exploration and mapping method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geological exploration, surveying and mapping methods have always been an important means to obtain geological information, understand geological structures and the distribution of mineral resources. Traditional surveying and mapping methods mainly rely on manual field measurements and hand-drawn maps. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has limited accuracy and is difficult to meet the needs of modern geological exploration for high precision and high efficiency. With the rapid development of remote sensing technology and image processing technology, surveying and mapping methods that use image data for geological exploration have gradually become mainstream. This method can quickly obtain geological, topographic and vegetation information of the target area through satellite remote sensing images and drone aerial images, providing a rich data source for geological exploration. However, the existing image data processing methods still have some problems and shortcomings when dealing with complex terrain and vegetation-covered areas.

[0003] Specifically, existing elevation data acquisition methods often rely on ground control points and topographic maps. These methods are easily affected by terrain undulation and vegetation coverage in complex terrain areas, resulting in inaccurate elevation data. Existing vegetation coverage calculation methods usually only consider the normalized difference vegetation index, while ignoring the impact of terrain elevation and terrain undulation on vegetation coverage, resulting in inaccurate calculation results. In addition, existing water area estimation methods often only rely on the initial values ​​of water area in satellite and remote sensing images, while ignoring the impact of vegetation coverage and terrain undulation on water area, resulting in inaccurate estimation results. Finally, existing image data processing methods often only consider a single factor and the calculation of a single formula, while ignoring the mutual influence and circular feedback between the factors, resulting in low accuracy and reliability of the overall surveying and mapping results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surveying and mapping method for geological exploration, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, including the specific implementation steps of image data processing and mapping of terrain, vegetation and water bodies as follows:

[0006] Step 1: Use the data exploration and collection module to collect and extract geological, topographic and vegetation information within the 3×3 pixel matrix area;

[0007] Step 2: Use the data correction and adjustment module to correct, adjust and output the parameters of terrain, vegetation and water bodies;

[0008] The data correction and adjustment module includes a unit reflecting the actual terrain conditions, a unit reflecting the surface vegetation conditions, and a unit reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain.

[0009] Step 3: Based on the correction parameters of the water body, the terrain relief QF is adjusted by using the data correction and adjustment module, and a new round of feedback adjustment is performed on the terrain, vegetation and water body;

[0010] Step 4: Based on a new round of feedback adjustments to terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and using the geological feature mapping module, conduct geological exploration mapping.

[0011] Optionally, the equipment used by the data exploration and collection module includes satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment and elevation data measurement equipment;

[0012] The satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment includes satellites and drones, which are used to acquire geological, topographical and vegetation information within a 3×3 pixel matrix area;

[0013] The elevation data measurement equipment includes a laser radar and a radar interferometric measurement system, which are used to obtain elevation value data;

[0014] The equipment used in the data correction and adjustment module includes image processing and analysis software, computers and storage devices;

[0015] The image processing and analysis software is used to process and analyze remote sensing image data, extract geological features, and calculate elevation correction, vegetation coverage, and water area;

[0016] The computer and storage device are used to store and process large amounts of data and run image processing and analysis software;

[0017] The equipment used in the geological feature mapping module includes image mapping software, which is used to map the corrected geological features.

[0018] Optionally, the calculation formula of the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation is as follows:

[0019] TG new =[TG+(P×QF)]-TG×(1-QF / QF max );

[0020] in:

[0021] TG new is the corrected elevation value;

[0022] TG is the original elevation value;

[0023] P is the terrain slope coefficient;

[0024] QF is the topographic relief, QF indicates the degree of topographic fluctuation;

[0025] QF max is the maximum value of terrain relief.

[0026] Optionally, the calculation formula of the terrain slope coefficient P is as follows: ;

[0027] It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the x direction, that is, the slope component in the horizontal direction;

[0028] It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the y direction, that is, the slope component in the vertical direction;

[0029] The calculation formula of the terrain relief QF is as follows:

[0030] QF=TG max -TG min ;

[0031] TG max is the maximum elevation;

[0032] TG min is the minimum elevation;

[0033] Among them, calculation and , and the maximum elevation value TG extracted by exploration max and minimum elevation TG min All are within the 3×3 pixel matrix area of ​​geological exploration.

[0034] Optionally, the calculation formula for the unit reflecting the surface vegetation condition is as follows: ;

[0035] CZF=(HW-HG) / (HW+HG);

[0036] in:

[0037] ZF is vegetation coverage;

[0038] F is the vegetation coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of vegetation coverage area to the total geological exploration area;

[0039] The intercept JZF is the basic value of vegetation cover, and the intercept JZF reflects the average value of the monitoring data without the influence of topography on vegetation;

[0040] CZF is the normalized difference vegetation index, and CFZ is calculated and output using the reflectance of the red band and near-infrared band in the remote sensing image;

[0041] HW is the reflectivity in the infrared band;

[0042] HG is the reflectivity of red light band.

[0043] Optionally, the calculation formula for the unit reflecting the influence of water body on terrain is as follows: ;

[0044] in:

[0045] ST new To predict the area of ​​water bodies;

[0046] ST is the initial value of the water body area;

[0047] S is the water body coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of water body coverage area relative to the total geological exploration area;

[0048] ZF max The maximum vegetation coverage.

[0049] Optionally, based on the predicted water area ST new , and the surveying and mapping adjustment calculation formula for the terrain relief QF is as follows:

[0050] QF new =XL×ST new +J;

[0051] in:

[0052] QF new To adjust the terrain relief;

[0053] XL is the slope;

[0054] J is the intercept;

[0055] The adjusted terrain relief QF new As the input value of the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation, it replaces the terrain relief QF, corrects the mapping values ​​of terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and conducts geological exploration mapping.

[0056] Optionally, the slope XL and the intercept J extract n survey data points in a 3×3 pixel matrix area,

[0057] The calculation formula of the slope XL is as follows: ;

[0058] n is the total data points;

[0059] ST i is the water area of ​​the ith data point;

[0060] ST avg is the average water area value;

[0061] QFi is the terrain relief of the ith data point;

[0062] QF avg is the average value of terrain relief;

[0063] The calculation formula of the intercept J is as follows:

[0064] J=QF avg -XL×ST avg .

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] 1. The present invention corrects the original elevation value TG according to the terrain undulation QF and the terrain slope coefficient P by reflecting the actual terrain conditions, thereby obtaining more accurate elevation data. This calculation method fully introduces the influence of terrain undulation and vegetation coverage on elevation data, thereby improving the accuracy of elevation data.

[0067] 2. The unit reflecting the surface vegetation status of the present invention combines the result after terrain elevation correction and the influence of terrain undulation QF, and accurately calculates the vegetation coverage ZF. This calculation method not only introduces the normalized difference vegetation index CFZ, but also introduces terrain factors, making the calculation result more accurate and reliable.

[0068] 3. The unit reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain in the present invention realizes accurate estimation of water body area by considering the impact of vegetation coverage ZF and terrain undulation QF on water body area, as well as the role of water body coverage S. This calculation method fully considers the mutual influence between various factors, thereby improving the accuracy of water body area estimation.

[0069] Fourth, the present invention realizes the mutual influence and circular feedback between various factors through the cyclic influence mechanism between the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation, the unit reflecting the surface vegetation situation and the unit reflecting the influence of water body on terrain. This mechanism significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the overall mapping results. In each iterative calculation, the predicted water area ST new The results will be used to adjust the estimated value of terrain relief QF, which in turn affects the calculation and mapping of elevation correction and vegetation coverage. This circular feedback system makes the mapping results more in line with the actual situation, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of geological exploration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 A method flow chart for the surveying and mapping method for local geological exploration;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the image structure of a 3×3 pixel matrix in the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a data correction and adjustment module of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the correction process of surveying and mapping feedback of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] Regarding the surveying and mapping method of local geological exploration, it is different from the existing geological exploration and mapping methods. The acquisition of elevation data in the existing geological exploration and mapping methods ignores the influence of terrain undulation and vegetation coverage, the vegetation coverage calculation ignores the influence of terrain elevation and terrain undulation on vegetation coverage, the water body area estimation ignores the influence of vegetation coverage and terrain undulation on water body area, and the mutual influence and circular feedback between terrain, vegetation and water bodies are ignored, which leads to low accuracy and reliability of the overall surveying and mapping results. This algorithm unit introduces terrain undulation QF, terrain slope coefficient P, and vegetation and water body coverage for comprehensive exploration and calculation, and also establishes a circular influence mechanism, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the overall surveying and mapping results.

[0076] For example, see Figures 1 to 4 This implementation provides a surveying and mapping method for geological exploration, including image data processing and surveying of terrain, vegetation and water bodies. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0077] Step 1: Use the data exploration and collection module to collect and extract geological, topographic and vegetation information within the 3×3 pixel matrix area;

[0078] Step 2: Use the data correction and adjustment module to correct, adjust and output the parameters of terrain, vegetation and water bodies;

[0079] The data correction and adjustment module includes a unit reflecting the actual terrain conditions, a unit reflecting the surface vegetation conditions, and a unit reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain.

[0080] Step 3: Based on the correction parameters of the water body, the terrain relief QF is adjusted using the data correction adjustment module, and a new round of feedback adjustment is performed on the terrain, vegetation and water body;

[0081] Step 4: Based on the new round of feedback adjustments on terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and using the geological feature mapping module, conduct geological exploration mapping;

[0082] The equipment used in the data exploration and collection module includes satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment and elevation data measurement equipment;

[0083] Satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment includes satellites and drones, which are used to obtain geological, topographical and vegetation information within a 3×3 pixel matrix area;

[0084] Elevation data measurement equipment includes laser radar and radar interferometry systems, which are used to obtain elevation data;

[0085] The equipment used in the data correction and adjustment module includes image processing and analysis software, computers and storage devices;

[0086] Image processing and analysis software is used to process and analyze remote sensing image data, extract geological features, and calculate elevation correction, vegetation coverage, and water area;

[0087] Computers and storage devices are used to store and process large amounts of data and run image processing and analysis software;

[0088] The equipment used in the geological feature mapping module includes image mapping software, which is used to map the corrected geological features.

[0089] In this embodiment, the system uses the cooperation of three algorithm units and combines TG new , ZF and ST new The three calculation results realize the accurate calculation of terrain elevation, vegetation coverage and water area. new The corrected elevation value is TG, where terrain undulation and slope are important factors affecting the accuracy of elevation data, especially in complex terrain areas. By introducing terrain undulation QF and terrain slope coefficient P, the influence of these factors on the elevation value can be comprehensively considered, and the corrected elevation value TG is calculated and output. new Closer to the actual terrain conditions, ZF is the vegetation coverage, which is calculated more accurately by introducing the terrain undulation QF and the terrain slope coefficient P, thus more accurately reflecting the vegetation conditions on the surface. new In order to predict the area of ​​water bodies, an accurate estimation of the area of ​​water bodies is achieved, thus more accurately reflecting the actual situation of surface water bodies. new The calculation results can also affect the correction of the terrain relief QF, which in turn affects the TG new , ZF and ST newTo achieve further correction, the system achieves a cyclic influence mechanism through three algorithm units, so that the calculated water area can be used to adjust the estimated value of terrain relief QF to reflect the impact of water on the terrain. This cyclic feedback system helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall surveying and mapping results.

[0090] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula that reflects the actual terrain conditions is as follows:

[0091] TG new =[TG+(P×QF)]-TG×(1-QF / QF max );

[0092] in:

[0093] TG new is the corrected elevation value;

[0094] TG is the original elevation value;

[0095] P is the terrain slope coefficient;

[0096] QF is the topographic relief, QF indicates the degree of topographic fluctuation;

[0097] QF max is the maximum value of terrain relief;

[0098] The calculation formula of terrain slope coefficient P is as follows: ;

[0099] It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the x direction, that is, the slope component in the horizontal direction;

[0100] It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the y direction, that is, the slope component in the vertical direction;

[0101] The calculation formula of terrain relief QF is as follows:

[0102] QF=TG max -TG min ;

[0103] TG max is the maximum elevation;

[0104] TG min is the minimum elevation;

[0105] Among them, calculation and , and the maximum elevation value TG extracted by exploration maLx and minimum elevation TG minAll are within the 3×3 pixel matrix area of ​​geological exploration.

[0106] In this embodiment: First, the calculation part of "[TG+(P×QF)]" in this algorithm unit is intended to adjust the original elevation value TG by the terrain slope coefficient P and the terrain undulation QF. The greater the terrain slope, the more obvious the terrain undulation, and the greater the impact on the elevation. Through this adjustment, the actual impact of the terrain on the elevation can be more accurately reflected, so that the corrected elevation value TG new It is closer to the actual situation, thus improving the accuracy of elevation data and providing a more reliable basis for subsequent calculations;

[0107] “TG×(1-QF / QF max The calculation part is used to calculate the attenuation effect of terrain undulation on the original elevation value TG. As the terrain undulation increases, the influence of the original elevation value TG will gradually weaken. Through this attenuation calculation, the comprehensive influence of terrain undulation on the elevation value can be more accurately evaluated, avoiding overestimation or underestimation of the influence of terrain, making the corrected elevation value more in line with the actual situation, and improving the applicability and accuracy of the model.

[0108] also," "In the calculation formula and They represent the partial derivatives of the original elevation value TG in the x and y directions, respectively, and are used to describe the components of the slope in the x and y directions. The slope XLrct and the slope XLn are functions for calculating the inverse tangent of the ratio of these components. These parameters together form the basis for calculating the terrain slope coefficient P, and provide important data support for geological exploration, terrain analysis and other fields.

[0109] In this algorithm unit, terrain undulation and slope are important factors affecting the accuracy of elevation data. The unit reflecting the actual terrain situation takes these two factors into consideration and effectively corrects the original elevation value TG, thereby improving the accuracy of elevation data. The corrected elevation value TG new It can better reflect the true characteristics of the terrain, which helps to more accurately identify the characteristics of the exploration terrain and provide strong support for subsequent exploration work;

[0110] The corrected elevation value TG calculated by the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation new It will serve as an important input parameter for units reflecting the status of surface vegetation and units reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain, providing reliable basic data for subsequent calculations.

[0111] See also Figures 1 to 4 , the calculation formula reflecting the surface vegetation status unit is as follows: ; ;in:

[0112] ZF is vegetation coverage;

[0113] F is the vegetation coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of vegetation coverage area to the total geological exploration area;

[0114] The intercept JZF is the basic value of vegetation cover, and the intercept JZF reflects the average value of the monitoring data without the influence of topography on vegetation;

[0115] CZF is the normalized difference vegetation index, and CFZ is calculated and output using the reflectance of the red band and near-infrared band in the remote sensing image;

[0116] HW is the reflectivity in the infrared band;

[0117] HG is the reflectivity of red light band.

[0118] In this embodiment, first, The calculation part combines the normalized difference vegetation index CZF and the corrected elevation value TG new and vegetation coverage F to calculate vegetation coverage ZF, by introducing the corrected elevation value TG new , and then reflects the impact of terrain on vegetation coverage. Through this combined calculation, the vegetation coverage can be evaluated more comprehensively, the accuracy of vegetation coverage calculation is improved, and it helps to understand the distribution and status of vegetation more accurately. "The calculation part aims to adjust the intercept JZF of the basic vegetation coverage value by the square root of the original elevation value TG and the terrain relief QF, which can reflect the combined impact of terrain and elevation on the basic vegetation coverage value. Through this adjustment, the potential impact of terrain and elevation on vegetation coverage can be more accurately evaluated, making the calculation results more in line with the actual situation, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of vegetation coverage calculation and helping to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between vegetation and terrain;

[0119] This algorithm unit solves the problem that the traditional vegetation coverage calculation method often only considers the normalized difference vegetation index CZF, but ignores the influence of terrain factors. The unit reflecting the surface vegetation status calculates the vegetation coverage more accurately by introducing the result after terrain elevation correction and terrain relief QF, thereby improving the calculation accuracy.

[0120] The undulation and slope of the terrain have an important influence on the distribution and growth of vegetation. The unit reflecting the surface vegetation status takes these factors into comprehensive consideration, so that the calculated vegetation coverage ZF can better reflect the real impact of the terrain. The vegetation coverage ZF is one of the important parameters for calculating the water area in the unit reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain. Therefore, the accurate vegetation coverage calculated by the unit reflecting the surface vegetation status provides strong support for the subsequent estimation of water area.

[0121] See also Figures 1 to 4, the calculation formula reflecting the influence of water body on terrain is as follows: ;in:

[0122] ST new To predict the area of ​​water bodies;

[0123] ST is the initial value of the water body area;

[0124] S is the water body coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of water body coverage area relative to the total geological exploration area;

[0125] ZF max The maximum vegetation coverage.

[0126] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit first calculates the water area based on the "ST+ZF×S" calculation part by combining the initial value ST of the water area in the satellite and remote sensing images, the vegetation coverage ZF, and the water coverage coefficient S. By introducing the vegetation coverage ZF, the influence of vegetation on the water area can be reflected.

[0127] This improves the accuracy of water body area estimation and helps to more accurately understand the distribution and status of water bodies. The calculation part aims to calculate the original elevation value TG and vegetation coverage ZF through the combination of terrain relief QF and vegetation maximum coverage ZF. max to adjust estimates of water body area.

[0128] This can reflect the combined impact of topography, elevation and vegetation coverage on water area. Through this adjustment, the potential impact of topography, elevation and vegetation coverage on water area can be more accurately assessed, making the estimated results more in line with the actual situation, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of water area estimation and helping to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between water bodies and topography and vegetation.

[0129] This algorithm unit solves the problem that traditional water body area estimation methods often only rely on the initial value ST of the water body area in satellite and remote sensing images, while ignoring the influence of vegetation coverage and terrain relief. The unit reflecting the influence of water bodies on terrain comprehensively considers these factors to achieve accurate estimation of water body area and improve the accuracy of estimation. It is worth noting that there is a complex interaction relationship between water bodies and terrain. The unit reflecting the influence of water bodies on terrain introduces vegetation coverage ZF and terrain relief QF parameters to better reflect this interaction relationship and provide more comprehensive information for geological exploration.

[0130] In addition, the predicted water area ST calculated by the unit reflecting the impact of water on terrain newIt can be used to adjust the estimated value of terrain relief QF to reflect the impact of water bodies on the terrain. This feedback mechanism helps to further improve the process of terrain elevation correction and improve the accuracy and reliability of the overall surveying and mapping results.

[0131] See also Figures 1 to 4 , based on the predicted water area ST new , and the surveying and mapping adjustment calculation formula for the terrain relief QF is as follows: QF new =XL×ST new +J;

[0132] in:

[0133] QF new To adjust the terrain relief;

[0134] XL is the slope;

[0135] J is the intercept;

[0136] The adjusted terrain relief QF new As the input value of the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation, it replaces the terrain relief QF, corrects the mapping values ​​of terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and conducts geological exploration mapping.

[0137] In this embodiment, the algorithm unit calculates the predicted water area ST by reflecting the water body's impact on the terrain. new It reflects the actual distribution and characteristics of surface water bodies. This information is crucial for the accurate estimation of terrain relief and will predict the area of ​​water bodies. new Substituting the model and recalculating the terrain relief QF value can comprehensively consider the impact of water on the terrain, thereby obtaining a more accurate terrain relief QF. This improvement in accuracy helps to more accurately represent the terrain characteristics. The terrain relief QF is one of the important parameters in geological survey and mapping. Its accuracy directly affects the reliability of the survey and mapping results and the accuracy of subsequent geological analysis. By using the predicted water area ST new Substituting the model and updating the terrain relief QF can form a loop feedback system, making the surveying and mapping results more consistent with the actual situation. This loop feedback mechanism also helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the surveying and mapping results.

[0138] The traditional geological exploration process often relies on manual field measurements and hand-drawn maps. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also has limited accuracy. The use of image data processing and formula calculation methods can achieve a fast and accurate estimation of terrain relief QF, thereby optimizing the geological exploration process, improving exploration efficiency, and predicting water area ST new Substituting the model and updating the terrain relief QF value can further reduce manual intervention and realize automated and intelligent geological exploration;

[0139] The predicted water area ST new The method of substituting the model and updating the terrain relief QF value is not only an improvement and optimization of traditional geological exploration technology, but also a promotion of geological exploration technology innovation. This method combines the advantages of modern image processing technology and mathematical formula calculation, providing a more scientific, efficient and accurate means for geological exploration.

[0140] In summary, the predicted water area ST new Substitute into the model to calculate the adjusted terrain relief QF new , and replace the terrain relief QF value in the unit that reflects the actual terrain situation. It has significant beneficial effects on improving the accuracy of terrain relief, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of surveying and mapping results, optimizing geological exploration processes and improving efficiency, as well as promoting the innovation and development of geological exploration technology. This step is one of the indispensable and important links in geological exploration and mapping methods.

[0141] For example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the slope XL and intercept J extract n survey data points in the 3×3 pixel matrix area,

[0142] The calculation formula of slope XL is as follows: ; n is the total data points;

[0143] ST i is the water area of ​​the ith data point;

[0144] ST avg is the average water area value;

[0145] QF i is the terrain relief of the ith data point;

[0146] QF avg is the average value of terrain relief;

[0147] The calculation formula of intercept J is as follows:

[0148] J=QF avg -XL×ST avg .

[0149] In this embodiment, by accurately calculating the parameters slope XL and intercept J, it is helpful to establish a mathematical relationship between the initial value ST of the water area and the terrain relief QF. This relationship model can further be used to predict the water area ST. new , accurately predict the corresponding adjusted terrain relief QF newThe process of calculating the parameter slope XL and intercept J not only provides a prediction tool, but also reveals the intrinsic connection between water body area and terrain relief. The positive and negative sign and size of the parameter slope XL reflect the sensitivity of the change of water body area to the impact of terrain relief, while the parameter intercept J reveals the baseline level of terrain relief in the absence of water body influence.

[0150] Among them, the calculation and study of topographic relief QF is of great significance for geological exploration and mapping. By revealing the relationship between water area and topographic relief QF, we can have a deeper understanding of the mechanism of surface morphological changes.

[0151] In practical applications, if the model is found to perform poorly in certain situations, the model can be optimized and improved by analyzing the sensitivity of the parameters slope XL and intercept J. This continuous optimization process helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the model.

[0152] In summary, the calculation of the new terrain relief QF based on the linear regression model and the least squares method to obtain the parameters slope XL and intercept J has the beneficial effects of improving prediction accuracy, revealing the relationship between variables, supporting data-driven decision-making, promoting scientific research, enhancing the flexibility of model application and guiding model optimization, which in turn helps to map the geological exploration results more accurately.

[0153] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps for image data processing and mapping of terrain, vegetation and water bodies are as follows: Step 1: Use the data exploration and collection module to collect and extract geological, topographic and vegetation information within the 3×3 pixel matrix area; Step 2: Use the data correction and adjustment module to correct, adjust and output the parameters of terrain, vegetation and water bodies; The data correction and adjustment module includes a unit for reflecting the actual terrain conditions, a unit for reflecting the surface vegetation conditions, and a unit for reflecting the impact of water bodies on terrain. Step 3: Based on the correction parameters of the water body, the terrain relief QF is adjusted by using the data correction and adjustment module, and a new round of feedback adjustment is performed on the terrain, vegetation and water body; Step 4: Based on a new round of feedback adjustments to terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and using the geological feature mapping module, conduct geological exploration mapping.

2. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment used in the data exploration and collection module includes satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment and elevation data measurement equipment; The satellite remote sensing image acquisition equipment includes satellites and drones, which are used to acquire geological, topographical and vegetation information within a 3×3 pixel matrix area; The elevation data measurement equipment includes a laser radar and a radar interferometric measurement system, which are used to obtain elevation value data; The equipment used in the data correction and adjustment module includes image processing and analysis software, computers and storage devices; The image processing and analysis software is used to process and analyze remote sensing image data, extract geological features, and calculate elevation correction, vegetation coverage, and water area; The computer and storage device are used to store and process large amounts of data and run image processing and analysis software; The equipment used in the geological feature mapping module includes image mapping software, which is used to map the corrected geological features.

3. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation is as follows: TG new =[TG+(P×QF)]-TG×(1-QF / QF max ); in: TG new is the corrected elevation value; TG is the original elevation value; P is the terrain slope coefficient; QF is the topographic relief, QF indicates the degree of topographic fluctuation; QF max is the maximum value of terrain relief.

4. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the terrain slope coefficient P is as follows: ； It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the x direction, that is, the slope component in the horizontal direction; It represents the rate of change of the original elevation value TG in the y direction, that is, the slope component in the vertical direction; The calculation formula of the terrain relief QF is as follows: QF=TG max -TG min ; TG max is the maximum elevation; TG min is the minimum elevation; Among them, calculation and , and the maximum elevation value TG extracted by exploration max and minimum elevation TG min All are within the 3×3 pixel matrix area of ​​geological exploration.

5. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the unit reflecting the surface vegetation condition is as follows: ； CZF=(HW-HG) / (HW+HG); in: ZF is vegetation coverage; F is the vegetation coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of vegetation coverage area to the total geological exploration area; The intercept BZF is the basic value of vegetation cover, and the intercept BZF reflects the average value of the monitoring data without the influence of topography on vegetation; CZF is the normalized difference vegetation index, and CFZ is calculated and output using the reflectance of the red band and near-infrared band in the remote sensing image; HW is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band; HG is the reflectivity of red light band.

6. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the unit reflecting the influence of water body on terrain is as follows: ； in: ST new To predict the area of ​​water bodies; ST is the initial value of the water body area; S is the water body coverage rate, which reflects the proportion of water body coverage area relative to the total geological exploration area; ZF max The maximum vegetation coverage.

7. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 6, characterized in that: Based on the predicted water area ST new , and the surveying and mapping adjustment calculation formula for the terrain relief QF is as follows: QF new =XL×ST new +J; in: QF new To adjust the terrain relief; XL is the slope; J is the intercept; The adjusted terrain relief QF new As the input value of the unit reflecting the actual terrain situation, it replaces the terrain relief QF, corrects the mapping values ​​of terrain, vegetation and water bodies, and conducts geological exploration mapping.

8. A surveying and mapping method for geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slope XL and the intercept J extract n survey data points in a 3×3 pixel matrix area, The calculation formula of the slope XL is as follows: ； n is the total data points; ST i is the water area of ​​the ith data point; ST avg is the average water area value; QF i is the terrain relief of the ith data point; QF avg is the average value of terrain relief; The calculation formula of the intercept J is as follows: J=QF avg -XL×ST avg 。

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