A mechanical parts polishing machine with curved surface adaptability

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical component polishing machine with curved surface adaptability, which relates to the field of mechanical component processing, and comprises a machine tool body, wherein a slide plate is provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body for sliding along the left and right directions, a spindle box is fixedly provided on the left side of the upper end surface of the slide plate, and a headstock box is fixedly provided on the right side of the upper end surface of the slide plate. When the present invention is used, the outer surface of the mechanical component can be polished by a polishing wheel, and at the same time, the spindle box drives the mechanical component to be polished to move axially, and the spindle box moves while driving the headstock box to synchronously drive the polished mechanical component to move in a curved surface picking mechanism, so that the curved surface picking mechanism can synchronously detect the diameter change of the outer surface of the polished mechanical component, and drive the polishing wheel to approach or move away from the mechanical component to be polished through a radial driving device of the polishing shaft, so as to achieve the purpose that the polishing wheel can automatically adapt to the change of the outer surface of the mechanical component to be polished and automatically adjust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical parts processing equipment, in particular to a mechanical parts polishing and grinding machine tool with curved surface adaptability. Background Art

[0002] Polishing machines can achieve different polishing effects by installing different polishing wheels. Generally, the mechanical parts are fixed by a top-and-clamp method, and then the mechanical parts are driven to rotate so that the polishing wheel polishes the outer surface of the mechanical parts, and at the same time drives the mechanical parts to move axially, so that the polishing wheel polishes different parts of the mechanical parts. Polishing wheels are generally divided into: polishing cloth wheels, hemp wheels, nylon wheels, wiring wheels, wind wheels, wool wheels, etc.

[0003] When the existing polishing machine tool is performing polishing, when the mechanical part is moving axially, when the outer diameter of the mechanical part changes, it is often necessary to manually feed the polishing wheel so that the polishing wheel maintains a suitable distance from the machine tool part to ensure the polishing effect.

[0004] After searching, the patent number is: CN117400142A, which discloses a multifunctional polishing device for hydraulic cylinder processing, and discloses the following technical scheme: including a machine tool body, a rotatable mechanical chuck is provided on the machine tool body, the mechanical chuck is connected to the machine tool power mechanism, the mechanical chuck clamps one end of the hydraulic cylinder component, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder component contacts the working end of the polishing component, the installation end of the polishing component is connected to the moving component, the moving component is connected to the driving component, the driving component is arranged on the base of the machine tool body, the base of the machine tool body is fixed with a guide rail, the moving component is slidably arranged on the guide rail, and the guide rail is also slidably provided with a clamping component, and the clamping component can clamp and fix the hydraulic cylinder component and the polishing component. Its beneficial effect is that the device can select polishing components of different fixed rod types on the same polishing equipment to polish the inner and outer walls of the cylinder barrel and the outer wall of the piston rod respectively, which is easy to operate, improves production efficiency, and reduces the cost of equipment use.

[0005] For example, when polishing a mechanical part, the above technical solution pushes the polishing wheel toward the outer surface of the mechanical part for polishing through the hydraulic telescopic rod. However, when the diameter of the outer surface of the mechanical part changes, it is necessary to drive the polishing wheel toward or away from the outer surface of the mechanical part again through the hydraulic telescopic rod to achieve a set distance between the polishing wheel and the outer surface of the mechanical part, thereby ensuring the polishing effect.

[0006] Therefore, we provide a mechanical component polishing machine with surface adaptability to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a mechanical component polishing machine with surface adaptability. The polishing wheel automatically adapts to changes in the outer surface of the mechanical component, solving the problem in the prior art that the outer surface of the mechanical component cannot automatically adapt to changes in the curve of the mechanical outer surface when polishing the outer surface.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a mechanical component polishing machine with curved surface adaptability, comprising a machine tool body, characterized in that: a slide is provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body for sliding along the left-right direction, a spindle box is fixedly provided on the left side of the upper end surface of the slide, a headstock is fixedly provided on the right side of the upper end surface of the slide, a tailstock is provided on the upper end surface of the slide to the right of the spindle box for sliding along the left-right direction, a radial guide disk is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body through two supporting legs, the radial guide disk is located on the right side of the tailstock, a plurality of elongated holes are radially opened in the radial guide disk, a polishing shaft assembly is provided in each of the elongated holes, and each of the elongated holes is provided with a polishing shaft assembly. A polishing wheel is fixedly arranged at the left end of the polishing shaft assembly, and the right end of each of the polishing shaft assemblies is rotatably connected to a fixed disk arranged above the machine tool body. The fixed disk is fixed to the machine tool body through a gantry, and a polishing shaft radial drive device is also arranged between the several polishing shaft assemblies located on the right side of the radial guide disk. The polishing shaft radial drive device is used to drive the polishing shaft assembly to move radially in the long strip hole of the radial guide disk, and a surface picking mechanism is arranged at the right end of the radial drive device. The surface picking mechanism is used to obtain surface change parameters of the outer surface of the mechanical component, and the radial drive device drives several polishing wheels to move inward or outward based on the surface change parameters obtained by the surface picking mechanism.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the spindle box and the tailstock are existing machine tool components. The spindle box is provided with a chuck, through which the mechanical component can be fixed, and the chuck can rotate to drive the mechanical component to rotate. The tailstock cooperates with the spindle box to clamp the mechanical component. After the chuck of the spindle box fixes the mechanical component, the ejector pin of the tailstock contacts the right end face of the mechanical component, and then the chuck rotates to drive the mechanical component to rotate. The headstock has the same function as the spindle box, and there is also a chuck on the headstock box. The headstock box fixes the mechanical component through the chuck. When using, first prepare two identical mechanical components, fix the polished mechanical components through the chuck On the headstock, and located in the curved surface picking mechanism, the mechanical part to be polished is fixed on the spindle box through the chuck, and the right end face of the mechanical part to be polished is abutted by the tailstock, and then the positions of the mechanical part to be polished and the polished mechanical part are adjusted so that the contact position between the polished mechanical part and the curved surface picking mechanism corresponds to the contact position between the mechanical part to be polished and the polishing wheel, and then the polishing shaft assembly is rotated to drive the polishing wheel to rotate to polish the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished, and at the same time, the rotation of the chuck of the spindle box drives the mechanical part to be polished to rotate, so that the polishing wheel is used to polish the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished The polishing is performed without dead angles in the circumferential direction. When the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished needs to be changed for polishing, the spindle box is moved so that the spindle box drives the rotating mechanical part to be polished to move in the left and right directions, thereby changing the contact position between the polishing wheel and the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. When the spindle box moves left and right, the slide plate drives the headstock to move left and right synchronously. The left and right movement of the headstock drives the polished mechanical part to move in the curved surface picking mechanism, so that the contact position between the polished mechanical part and the curved surface picking mechanism is changed accordingly. When the polishing wheel contacts the outer surface position of the mechanical part to be polished, the polishing wheel contacts the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. When the diameter of the polished part is different from the diameter of the original polishing position, the curved surface picking mechanism synchronously detects the diameter change of the position corresponding to the polished mechanical part, and the curved surface picking mechanism obtains the diameter change of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, and transmits this change to the radial driving device of the polishing shaft. The radial driving spindle action of the polishing shaft drives each polishing shaft assembly to move radially in the long strip hole of the radial guide plate, and then drives each polishing wheel to move toward the middle or toward the outer end, so that the polishing wheel can automatically adapt to the changes in the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. There is no need to manually adjust the position of the polishing wheel, and the polishing efficiency is high.

[0010] Furthermore, the polishing shaft assembly includes a horizontal shaft located in the long hole of the radial guide plate and a transmission shaft rotatably connected to the fixed plate, an intermediate shaft is arranged between the horizontal shaft and the transmission shaft, the left and right ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively connected to the horizontal shaft and the transmission shaft through universal joints, and the left end of the horizontal shaft is fixed to the polishing wheel.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontal shaft can be driven to rotate by driving the transmission shaft, so that after the horizontal shaft moves radially in the fixed plate, the angle between the horizontal shaft and the intermediate shaft and the angle between the transmission shaft and the intermediate shaft change and the purpose of effective transmission can be achieved; in addition, the universal joints at both ends of the intermediate shaft need to be in the same direction to achieve uniform speed rotation of the transmission shaft and the horizontal shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial drive device of the polishing shaft includes a threaded rod with two ends respectively arranged to rotate coaxially with the radial guide plate and the fixed plate, the outer surface of the threaded rod is threadedly connected with a threaded sleeve, the outer surface of the threaded sleeve is hinged with a plurality of articulated rods arranged corresponding to the horizontal axis, the top end of each articulated rod is hinged with a sliding sleeve, and each sliding sleeve is sleeved with the corresponding horizontal axis.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the curved surface picking mechanism obtains the diameter change of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, and converts this change into the rotation amount of the threaded rod. When the threaded rod rotates, it drives the threaded sleeve to move left and right on the threaded rod. The left and right movement of the threaded sleeve drives each hinged rod to move. Each hinged rod drives the corresponding horizontal axis to move radially along the corresponding long hole of the fixed plate, and then drives each polishing wheel to move inward or outward to adapt to the diameter change of the mechanical part to be polished, and then continue to polish. This transmission method can keep the horizontal state after the horizontal axis moves radially.

[0014] Furthermore, the curved surface picking mechanism includes a circular ring disk, which is arranged on the upper end surface of the machine tool body through two support plates. A plurality of detection rods are radially slidably arranged inside the circular ring disk. A first fixed block is fixedly arranged on the top of each detection rod. A second fixed block is fixedly arranged on the right side of the circular ring disk near the inner edge. A spring is fixedly arranged between the first fixed block and the second fixed block; the spring always drives each detection rod to move inward.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, when in use, the polished mechanical component is fixed on the headstock through the chuck, so that the polished mechanical component is located in the inner hole of the circular ring disk, and the inner end of each detection rod clamps the outer surface of the polished mechanical component through the spring. When the spindle box drives the mechanical component to be polished to move left and right, the spindle box simultaneously drives the headstock to move left and right synchronously through the slide plate. The movement of the headstock drives the polished mechanical component to move in the inner hole of the circular ring disk. When the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical component changes, each detection rod moves radially in the circular ring disk, so that the inner end of each detection rod always keeps in contact with the outer surface of the polished mechanical component. When the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical component changes, the distance moved radially by the detection rod is the signal of the change in the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical component, and the detection rod converts this change in diameter into a distance of linear movement.

[0016] Furthermore, the left side of the annular disk is rotatably connected to a driving wheel, a through hole matching the inner hole of the annular disk is coaxially opened on the driving wheel, arc-shaped through grooves corresponding to the detection rod are evenly opened along the circumference of the driving wheel, a sliding column is arranged in each arc-shaped through groove, and the right end of each sliding column is fixed to the corresponding detection rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when each detection rod moves radially in the annular disk, it drives each sliding column to move synchronously. Each sliding column moves through the arc-shaped through groove to cause the driving wheel to rotate accordingly, thereby achieving the purpose of converting the linear motion of the detection rod into the rotation of the driving wheel.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving wheel is connected to a synchronous wheel through a synchronous belt transmission, and the right end of the synchronous wheel is rotatably connected to a support column, the support column is fixed to the machine tool body, and a fixed shaft is coaxially fixed to the left end of the synchronous wheel, and a first bevel gear is fixed to the left end of the fixed shaft, and a supporting angle plate is fixed to the upper end surface of the machine tool body, and a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the supporting angle plate along the front and rear directions, a second bevel gear is fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft, and a third bevel gear is fixed to the front end of the rotating shaft, the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, the right end of the threaded rod protrudes from the right side surface of the fixed plate and is fixedly provided with a fourth bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear is meshed with the third bevel gear, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the supporting angle plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the driving wheel rotates through the synchronous belt to drive the synchronous wheel to rotate. The synchronous wheel, the synchronous belt and the driving wheel are all provided with teeth to ensure the synchronous rotation of the synchronous wheel and the driving wheel. The rotation of the synchronous wheel drives the threaded rod to rotate through the fixed shaft, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the rotating shaft, the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear in sequence. The rotation of the threaded rod drives each parallel axis to move radially in the long strip hole of the fixed plate through the threaded sleeve, the hinged rod and the sliding sleeve; the radial movement distance of the horizontal axis is equal to the linear movement distance of the detection rod, which can be achieved by adjusting the distance that the threaded sleeve moves left and right when the threaded rod rotates one circle through the pitch design of the threaded rod, and can also be achieved through the transmission ratio design of the synchronous wheel and the driving wheel.

[0020] Furthermore, the lower end surface of the support plate and the upper end surface of the machine tool body are slidably arranged along the left and right directions, a plane is opened on the outer side surface of the support plate, and locking bolts are arranged on the plane of the support plate along the up and down directions, and the locking bolts are threadedly connected to the support plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, after the headstock box fixes the polished mechanical parts, the position of each detection rod in contact with the outer surface of the polished mechanical parts through the roller can be adjusted by moving the support plate left and right to correspond to the position in contact with the polishing wheel and the mechanical parts to be polished. After the position of the support plate is adjusted, the locking bolt is moved downward by rotating the locking bolt so that the bottom end of the locking bolt is pressed against the upper end surface of the machine tool body to fix the position of the support plate, thereby fixing the position of the curved surface picking mechanism on the machine tool body. It should also be noted that when adjusting the left and right position of the support plate, the driving wheel also moves left and right, and the synchronous belt can be moved left and right on the synchronous wheel at this time.

[0022] Furthermore, a tightening bolt is arranged on the tailstock in the up-down direction, and the tightening bolt is threadedly connected to the tailstock.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, after the spindle box fixes the mechanical part to be polished through the chuck, the tailstock is moved so that the tailstock contacts the right end surface of the mechanical part to be polished, and then the tightening bolt is rotated so that the tightening bolt moves downward and contacts the slide, thereby fixing the position of the tailstock on the slide.

[0024] Furthermore, the right end of each of the transmission shafts protrudes from the right side of the fixed disk and is fixedly provided with a gear. The right side of the fixed disk is rotatably connected to a gear ring, and the gear ring is meshed with each gear through internal teeth. A motor is fixedly provided on the right side of the gantry, and a transmission gear is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the motor, and the transmission gear is meshed with the gear ring through the outer teeth of the gear ring.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor drives the ring gear to rotate through the transmission gear, the ring gear drives each gear to rotate through the internal teeth, and the gears drive the polishing wheel to rotate through the transmission shaft, universal joint, intermediate shaft, universal joint and parallel shaft in turn.

[0026] Furthermore, a hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod, and the right side surface of the connecting plate is fixedly provided to the spindle box through a push rod.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the push rod to move left and right through the connecting plate, and then drives the spindle box to move left and right, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the spindle box to move left and right.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the mechanical component polishing and grinding machine with curved surface adaptability has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention is provided with a polishing shaft assembly, a polishing wheel, a radial driving device for the polishing shaft, a curved surface picking mechanism, a spindle box and a headstock. When the device is used, the mechanical part to be polished is fixed on the spindle box, the headstock box fixes the polished mechanical part and rotates the mechanical part to be polished, the outer surface of the mechanical part is polished by the polishing wheel, and at the same time, the spindle box drives the mechanical part to be polished to move axially, and the spindle box moves while driving the headstock box to synchronously drive the polished mechanical part to move in the curved surface picking mechanism, so that the curved surface picking mechanism can synchronously detect the diameter change of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, and drive the polishing wheel to approach or move away from the mechanical part to be polished through the radial driving device for the polishing shaft, thereby achieving the purpose that the polishing wheel can automatically adapt to the change of the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished and automatically adjust.

[0030] 2. The present invention sets a horizontal shaft, an intermediate shaft, a transmission shaft, gears, a ring gear, a transmission gear and a motor. When the device is in use, the motor drives the ring gear to rotate through the transmission gear, and then the ring gear drives each transmission shaft to rotate through the gear. The transmission shaft drives the horizontal shaft to rotate through the universal joint, the intermediate shaft and the universal joint in turn, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the horizontal shaft to transmit multi-angle transmission.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spindle box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the polishing shaft assembly in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 The present invention is Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at point A;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the horizontal axis of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the radial guide disk of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the intermediate shaft of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure at B in FIG.

[0041] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure at position C in FIG.

[0042] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the curved surface picking mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the circular ring disk of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 1. Machine tool body; 2. Slide plate; 3. Spindle box; 4. Headstock; 5. Tailstock; 6. Support leg; 7. Radial guide plate; 8. Long hole; 9. Polishing wheel; 10. Fixed plate; 11. Gantry; 12. Horizontal axis; 13. Transmission shaft; 14. Intermediate shaft; 15. Universal joint; 16. Gear; 17. Ring gear; 18. Motor; 19. Transmission gear; 20. Threaded rod; 21. Threaded sleeve; 22. Articulated rod; 23. Sliding sleeve; 24. Ring disk; 25. Support plate; 26. Detection rod; 27. First fixed block; 28. Second fixed block; 29. ​​Spring; 30. Roller; 31. Driving wheel; 32. Arc-shaped through groove; 33. Sliding column; 34. Synchronous belt; 35. Synchronous wheel; 36. Support column; 37. Fixed shaft; 38. First bevel gear; 39. Support angle plate; 40. Rotating shaft; 41. Second bevel gear; 42. Third bevel gear; 43. Fourth bevel gear; 44. Locking bolt; 45. Jacking bolt; 46. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 47. Connecting plate; 48. Push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 1-12The present invention provides a technical solution: a machine tool for polishing and grinding mechanical parts with curved surface adaptability, comprising a machine tool body 1, a slide plate 2 is provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1 for sliding along the left-right direction, a spindle box 3 is fixedly provided on the left side of the upper end surface of the slide plate 2, a headstock 4 is fixedly provided on the right side of the upper end surface of the slide plate 2, a tailstock 5 is provided on the upper end surface of the slide plate 2 located on the right side of the spindle box 3 for sliding along the left-right direction, a radial guide plate 7 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1 through two supporting legs 6, the radial guide plate 7 is located on the right side of the tailstock 5, a plurality of long strip holes 8 are opened in the radial direction in the radial guide plate 7, a polishing shaft assembly is provided in each of the long strip holes 8, and a polishing shaft assembly is provided at the left end of each polishing shaft assembly. A polishing wheel 9 is fixedly installed, and the right end of each polishing shaft assembly is rotatably connected to a fixed plate 10 arranged above the machine tool body 1. The fixed plate 10 is fixed to the machine tool body 1 through a gantry 11. A polishing shaft radial drive device is also arranged between several polishing shaft assemblies located on the right side of the radial guide plate 7. The polishing shaft radial drive device is used to drive the polishing shaft assembly to move radially in the long strip hole 8 of the radial guide plate 7. The right end of the radial drive device is connected to a curved surface picking mechanism, and the curved surface picking mechanism is used to obtain the curved surface change parameters of the outer surface of the mechanical component. The radial drive device drives several polishing wheels 9 to move inward or outward based on the curved surface change parameters obtained by the curved surface picking mechanism.

[0048] The spindle box 3 and the tailstock 5 are existing machine tool components. The spindle box 3 is provided with a chuck, through which the mechanical component can be fixed, and the chuck can rotate to drive the mechanical component to rotate. The tailstock 5 cooperates with the spindle box 3 to clamp the mechanical component. After the chuck of the spindle box 3 fixes the mechanical component, the ejector pin of the tailstock 5 contacts the right end face of the mechanical component, and then the chuck rotates to drive the mechanical component to rotate. The headstock 4 has the same function as the spindle box 3. There is also a chuck on the headstock 4, and the headstock 4 fixes the mechanical component through the chuck. When using, first prepare two identical mechanical components, and fix the polished mechanical components on the headstock 4 through the chuck. The machine part to be polished is fixed on the main spindle box 3 by the chuck, and the right end face of the machine part to be polished is abutted by the tailstock 5, and then the positions of the machine part to be polished and the polished machine part are adjusted so that the contact position between the polished machine part and the curved surface picking mechanism corresponds to the contact position between the machine part to be polished and the polishing wheel 9, and then the polishing shaft assembly is rotated to drive the polishing wheel 9 to rotate to polish the outer surface of the machine part to be polished, and at the same time, the rotation of the chuck of the main spindle box 3 drives the machine part to be polished to rotate, so that the polishing wheel 9 performs a circumferential rotation on the outer surface of the machine part to be polished. Polishing without dead angles in the direction. When it is necessary to change the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished for polishing, the spindle box 3 is moved so that the spindle box 3 drives the rotating mechanical part to be polished to move in the left and right directions, thereby changing the contact position of the polishing wheel 9 with the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. When the spindle box 3 moves left and right, the slide plate 2 drives the headstock box 4 to move left and right synchronously. The left and right movement of the headstock box 4 drives the polished mechanical part to move in the curved surface picking mechanism, so that the contact position of the polished mechanical part with the curved surface picking mechanism is changed accordingly; when the polishing wheel 9 newly contacts the outer surface position of the mechanical part to be polished When the diameter of the polished part is different from the diameter of the original polishing position, the curved surface picking mechanism synchronously detects the diameter change of the position corresponding to the polished mechanical part, and the curved surface picking mechanism obtains the diameter change of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, and transmits this change to the radial driving device of the polishing shaft. The radial driving spindle of the polishing shaft drives each polishing shaft assembly to move radially in the long hole 8 of the radial guide plate 7, and then drives each polishing wheel 9 to move toward the middle or toward the outer end, so that the polishing wheel 9 can automatically adapt to the changes in the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. There is no need to manually adjust the position of the polishing wheel 9, and the polishing efficiency is high.

[0049] In order to achieve the effect of multi-angle transmission when driving the polishing shaft assembly to rotate, in this embodiment, the polishing shaft assembly includes a horizontal shaft 12 located in the long hole 8 of the radial guide plate 7 and a transmission shaft 13 rotatably connected to the fixed plate 10, and an intermediate shaft 14 is arranged between the horizontal shaft 12 and the transmission shaft 13. The left and right ends of the intermediate shaft 14 are respectively connected to the horizontal shaft 12 and the transmission shaft 13 through universal joints 15, and the left end of the horizontal shaft 12 is fixed to the polishing wheel 9; the horizontal shaft 12 can be driven to rotate by driving the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the angle between the horizontal shaft 12 and the intermediate shaft 14 and the angle between the transmission shaft 13 and the intermediate shaft 14 can be effectively transmitted after the horizontal shaft 12 moves radially in the fixed plate 10; in addition, the universal joints 15 at both ends of the intermediate shaft 14 need to be in the same direction to achieve the uniform speed rotation of the transmission shaft 13 and the horizontal shaft 12.

[0050] In order to achieve the purpose of driving each transmission shaft 13 to rotate, in the present embodiment, the right end of each transmission shaft 13 protrudes from the right side of the fixed disk 10 and is fixedly provided with a gear 16. The right side of the fixed disk 10 is rotatably connected with a ring gear 17, and the ring gear 17 is meshed with each gear 16 through internal teeth. A motor 18 is fixedly provided on the right side of the gantry 11, and a transmission gear 19 is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the motor 18, and the transmission gear 19 is meshed with the ring gear 17 through the outer teeth of the ring gear 17; the motor 18 drives the ring gear 17 to rotate through the transmission gear 19, and the ring gear 17 drives each gear 16 to rotate through the internal teeth, and the gear 16 drives the polishing wheel 9 to rotate through the transmission shaft 13, the universal joint 15, the intermediate shaft 14, the universal joint 15 and the parallel shaft in turn.

[0051] In order to achieve the purpose of driving the polishing shaft to move radially in the long hole 8 of the fixed plate 10, in this embodiment, the radial driving device of the polishing shaft includes a threaded rod 20 with two ends respectively coaxially rotatably arranged with the radial guide plate 7 and the fixed plate 10, the outer surface of the threaded rod 20 is threadedly connected with a threaded sleeve 21, and the outer surface of the threaded sleeve 21 is hinged with a plurality of hinged rods 22 corresponding to the horizontal axis 12, and the top of each hinged rod 22 is hinged with a sliding sleeve 23, and each sliding sleeve 23 is sleeved with the corresponding horizontal axis 12; when in use, the curved surface picking mechanism obtains the polished mechanical part The diameter of the outer surface of the part changes, and this change is converted into the rotation amount of the threaded rod 20. When the threaded rod 20 rotates, it drives the threaded sleeve 21 to move left and right on the threaded rod 20. The left and right movement of the threaded sleeve 21 drives each hinged rod 22 to move. Each hinged rod 22 drives the corresponding horizontal axis 12 to move radially in the corresponding long hole 8 of the fixed plate 10, and then drives each polishing wheel 9 to move inward or outward to adapt to the diameter change of the mechanical part to be polished, and then continue to polish. In this transmission mode, the horizontal axis 12 remains in a horizontal state after radial movement.

[0052] In order to achieve the purpose that the curved surface picking mechanism can pick up the change of the outer surface diameter of the polished mechanical parts, in this embodiment, the curved surface picking mechanism includes a circular ring disk 24, and the circular ring disk 24 is arranged on the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1 through two support plates 25. A plurality of detection rods 26 are radially slidably arranged in the circular ring disk 24, and a first fixed block 27 is fixedly arranged on the top of each detection rod 26. A second fixed block 28 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the circular ring disk 24 near the inner edge, and a spring 29 is fixedly arranged between the first fixed block 27 and the second fixed block 28; the spring 29 always drives each detection rod 26 to move inward; when in use, the polished mechanical parts are fixed on the headstock 4 through the chuck, so that the polished mechanical parts are located in the inner hole of the circular ring disk 24, and each detection rod 26 is fixedly arranged on the top of the circular ring disk 24. The inner end of the measuring rod 26 clamps the outer surface of the polished mechanical part through the spring 29. When the spindle box 3 drives the mechanical part to be polished to move left and right, the spindle box 3 simultaneously drives the headstock box 4 to move left and right synchronously through the slide plate 2. The movement of the headstock box 4 drives the polished mechanical part to move in the inner hole of the annular disk 24. When the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part changes, each detection rod 26 moves radially in the annular disk 24, so that the inner end of each detection rod 26 always keeps in contact with the outer surface of the polished mechanical part. When the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part changes, the distance moved radially by the detection rod 26 is the signal of the change in the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part. The detection rod 26 converts this change in diameter into a distance of linear movement.

[0053] In order to make the inner end of the detection rod 26 better adapt to the change of the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, in this embodiment, the inner end of each detection rod 26 is rotatably connected to a roller 30, and the rotation direction of the roller 30 is left and right; when the polished mechanical part moves left and right, the roller 30 at the inner end of the detection rod 26 rolls, so that the sliding friction between the inner end of the detection rod 26 and the outer surface of the polished mechanical part is changed to rolling friction, and the inner end of the detection rod 26 can better adapt to the change of the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part.

[0054] In order to achieve the purpose of converting the distance of the linear movement of the detection rod 26 into a rotation signal, in the present embodiment, the left side surface of the annular disk 24 is rotatably connected to the driving wheel 31, and a through hole matching the inner hole of the annular disk 24 is coaxially opened on the driving wheel 31, and arc-shaped through grooves 32 corresponding to the detection rod 26 are evenly opened on the driving wheel 31 along the circumference, and a sliding column 33 is arranged in each arc-shaped through groove 32, and the right end of each sliding column 33 is fixed to the corresponding detection rod 26; when each detection rod 26 moves radially in the annular disk 24, each sliding column 33 is driven to move synchronously, and each sliding column 33 moves through the arc-shaped through groove 32 to drive the wheel 31 to generate corresponding rotation, thereby achieving the purpose of converting the linear motion of the detection rod 26 into rotation of the driving wheel 31.

[0055] In order to achieve the purpose that the rotation of the driving wheel 31 can drive the threaded rod 20 to rotate, in this embodiment, the driving wheel 31 is connected to the synchronous wheel 35 through the synchronous belt 34, and the right end of the synchronous wheel 35 is rotatably connected to the support column 36, and the support column 36 is fixedly arranged with the machine tool body 1, and the left end of the synchronous wheel 35 is coaxially fixed with a fixed shaft 37, and the left end of the fixed shaft 37 is fixedly arranged with a first bevel gear 38, and the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1 is fixedly provided with a supporting angle plate 39, and a rotating shaft 40 is rotatably arranged in the supporting angle plate 39 along the front and rear directions. The rear end of the rotating shaft 40 is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear 41, and the front end of the rotating shaft 40 is fixedly provided with a third bevel gear 42, and the first bevel gear 38 is meshed with the second bevel gear 41. The right end of the threaded rod 20 protrudes from the right side surface of the fixed plate 10 and is fixedly provided with a fourth bevel gear 43, and the fourth bevel gear 43 is meshed with the third bevel gear 42. 37 is rotatably connected with the supporting angle plate 39; when in use, the driving wheel 31 rotates and drives the synchronous wheel 35 to rotate through the synchronous belt 34. The synchronous wheel 35, the synchronous belt 34 and the driving wheel 31 are all provided with teeth to ensure the synchronous rotation of the synchronous wheel 35 and the driving wheel 31. The synchronous wheel 35 rotates and drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate through the fixed shaft 37, the first bevel gear 38, the second bevel gear 41, the rotating shaft 40, the third bevel gear 42 and the fourth bevel gear 43 in sequence. The threaded rod 20 rotates and drives each parallel axis to move radially in the long strip hole 8 of the fixed disk 10 through the threaded sleeve 21, the hinged rod 22 and the sliding sleeve 23; the radial movement distance of the horizontal axis 12 is equal to the linear movement distance of the detection rod 26, which can be achieved by adjusting the distance that the threaded sleeve 21 moves left and right when the threaded rod 20 rotates one circle through the pitch design of the threaded rod 20, or it can be achieved by the transmission ratio design of the synchronous wheel 35 and the driving wheel 31.

[0056] In order to increase the practicality and flexibility of the curved surface picking mechanism when in use, in this embodiment, the lower end surface of the support plate 25 and the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1 are slidably arranged in the left and right directions, and a plane is provided on the outer side of the support plate 25. A locking bolt 44 is provided on the plane of the support plate 25 in the up and down directions, and the locking bolt 44 is threadedly connected to the support plate 25; when the headstock 4 fixes the polished mechanical parts, the position of each detection rod 26 contacting the outer surface of the polished mechanical parts through the roller 30 can be adjusted by moving the support plate 25 left and right. After the position of the support plate 25 is adjusted to correspond to the contact position of the polishing wheel 9 and the mechanical part to be polished, the locking bolt 44 is moved downward by rotating the locking bolt 44 so that the bottom end of the locking bolt 44 is pressed against the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1, thereby fixing the position of the support plate 25 and further fixing the position of the curved surface picking mechanism on the machine tool body 1; it should also be noted that when adjusting the left and right position of the support plate 25, the driving wheel 31 also moves left and right, and at this time the synchronous belt 34 can move left and right on the synchronous wheel 35.

[0057] In order to achieve the purpose of conveniently locking the position of the tail stock 5, in the embodiment, a tightening bolt 45 is provided on the tail stock 5 in the up and down directions, and the tightening bolt 45 is threadedly connected to the tail stock 5; when in use, after the spindle box 3 fixes the mechanical part to be polished through the chuck, the tail stock 5 is moved so that the tail stock 5 contacts the right end surface of the mechanical part to be polished, and then the tightening bolt 45 is rotated so that the tightening bolt 45 moves downward and contacts the slide plate 2, thereby fixing the position of the tail stock 5 on the slide plate 2.

[0058] In order to achieve the purpose of driving the spindle box 3 to move left and right, in the present embodiment, a hydraulic telescopic rod 46 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body 1, a connecting plate 47 is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 46, and the right side surface of the connecting plate 47 is fixedly provided with the spindle box 3 through a push rod 48; the action of the hydraulic telescopic rod 46 drives the push rod 48 to move left and right through the connecting plate 47, thereby driving the spindle box 3 to move left and right, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the spindle box 3 to move left and right.

[0059] Working principle: When in use, first prepare two identical mechanical parts, fix the polished mechanical parts on the headstock 4 through the chuck, and place them in the inner hole of the annular disk 24 and between each detection rod 26, so that the roller 30 of each detection rod 26 is in contact with the outer surface of the polished mechanical parts, fix the mechanical parts to be polished on the spindle box 3 through the chuck, and contact the right end face of the mechanical parts to be polished through the tailstock 5, and then lock the position of the tailstock 5 through the tightening bolt 45, and then adjust the positions of the mechanical parts to be polished and the polished mechanical parts, so that the polished mechanical parts and the rollers 30 of the detection rods 26 are in contact with each other. 0 contact position corresponds to the position where the mechanical part to be polished and the polishing wheel 9 contact, and then the chuck of the main spindle box 3 rotates. The main spindle box 3 is the existing technology of the machine tool and will not be described here. The rotation of the chuck drives the mechanical part to be polished to rotate. At the same time, the motor 18 rotates and drives the polishing wheel 9 to rotate through the transmission gear 19, the ring gear 17, the gear 16, the transmission shaft 13, the intermediate shaft 14 and the horizontal shaft 12 in sequence, so that the polishing wheel 9 polishes the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. After polishing a position, the main spindle box 3 is driven to move left and right through the hydraulic telescopic rod 46, so that the main spindle box 3 drives the mechanical part to be polished left and right through the chuck. The spindle box 3 moves left and right to change the polishing position of the mechanical part to be polished. The spindle box 3 moves left and right and also drives the headstock box 4 to move left and right through the slide plate 2. The headstock box 4 drives the polished mechanical part to move left and right in the inner hole of the circular ring disk 24. When the diameter of the position where the polished mechanical part contacts the roller 30 of the detection rod 26 changes, the detection rod 26 moves radially in the circular ring disk 24 under the action of the spring 29, so that the roller 30 is always in contact with the outer surface of the polished mechanical part. The amount of radial movement of the detection rod 26 is converted into the amount of rotation of the driving wheel 31, and the amount of rotation of the driving wheel 31 is then driven by the synchronous belt 34. The wheel 35 rotates a corresponding amount, and the synchronous wheel 35 drives the threaded rod 20 to rotate in sequence through the fixed shaft 37, the first bevel gear 38, the second bevel gear 41, the rotating shaft 40, the third bevel gear 42 and the fourth bevel gear 43. The rotation of the threaded rod 20 drives each horizontal shaft 12 to move radially in the long strip hole 8 of the radial guide plate 7 through the threaded sleeve 21, the hinged rod 22 and the sliding sleeve 23, thereby driving each polishing wheel 9 to move inward or outward, so that the polishing wheel 9 can move according to the change in the diameter of the outer surface of the polished mechanical part, thereby adapting to the change in the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished, and the polishing efficiency is high;It should also be noted that when the horizontal shaft 12 moves radially in the long hole 8 of the radial guide plate 7, it actually also moves axially, which will drive the polishing wheel 9 to move axially, so that the contact position between the polishing wheel 9 and the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished moves axially. Therefore, when the polishing wheel 9 follows the synchronous and equal radial movement of the detection rod 26, there is an additional axial movement, which causes an error in the contact position between the polishing wheel 9 and the outer surface of the mechanical part to be polished. However, the existing polishing wheels 9 are all flexible structures, and the mechanical parts generally have a conical surface transition when they produce radial changes. Therefore, the axial movement of the polishing wheel 9 will not affect the normal polishing of the mechanical part by the polishing wheel 9 because the polishing wheel 9 is a flexible structure with good adaptability and the conical surface transition of the mechanical part. Even if the diameter of the mechanical part changes without a conical surface transition, the polishing of the mechanical part will not be hindered due to the flexible structure of the polishing wheel 9. ;

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A machine tool for polishing and grinding mechanical parts with curved surface adaptability, comprising a machine tool body (1), characterized in that: The upper end surface of the machine tool body (1) is provided with a slide plate (2) which slides in the left-right direction, a spindle box (3) is fixedly provided on the left side of the upper end surface of the slide plate (2), a headstock (4) is fixedly provided on the right side of the upper end surface of the slide plate (2), a tailstock (5) is slidably provided on the upper end surface of the slide plate (2) located to the right of the spindle box (3) in the left-right direction, a radial guide plate (7) is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body (1) through two supporting legs (6), the radial guide plate (7) is located to the right of the tailstock (5), a plurality of elongated holes (8) are radially provided in the radial guide plate (7), each of the elongated holes (8) is provided with a polishing shaft assembly, and a polishing wheel (9) is fixedly provided on the left end of each of the polishing shaft assemblies. ), the right end of each of the polishing shaft assemblies is rotatably connected to a fixed plate (10) arranged above the machine tool body (1), the fixed plate (10) is fixedly arranged on the machine tool body (1) via a gantry (11), a polishing shaft radial driving device is also arranged between the plurality of polishing shaft assemblies located to the right of the radial guide plate (7), the polishing shaft radial driving device is used to drive the polishing shaft assembly to move radially in the long strip hole (8) of the radial guide plate (7), a curved surface picking mechanism is arranged at the right end of the radial driving device, the curved surface picking mechanism is used to obtain the curved surface change parameters of the outer surface of the mechanical component, and the radial driving device drives the plurality of polishing wheels (9) to move inward or outward based on the curved surface change parameters obtained by the curved surface picking mechanism; The polishing shaft assembly comprises a horizontal shaft (12) located in the elongated hole (8) of the radial guide plate (7) and a transmission shaft (13) rotatably connected to the fixed plate (10); an intermediate shaft (14) is arranged between the horizontal shaft (12) and the transmission shaft (13); the left end and the right end of the intermediate shaft (14) are respectively connected to the horizontal shaft (12) and the transmission shaft (13) via a universal joint (15); the left end of the horizontal shaft (12) is fixedly arranged to the polishing wheel (9); The radial drive device for the polishing shaft comprises a threaded rod (20) whose two ends are respectively arranged to rotate coaxially with the radial guide plate (7) and the fixed plate (10), the outer surface of the threaded rod (20) is threadedly connected with a threaded sleeve (21), the outer surface of the threaded sleeve (21) is hinged with a plurality of hinged rods (22) arranged corresponding to the horizontal axis (12), the top end of each hinged rod (22) is hinged with a sliding sleeve (23), and each sliding sleeve (23) is sleeved with the corresponding horizontal axis (12); The curved surface picking mechanism comprises a circular ring disk (24), the circular ring disk (24) being arranged on the upper end surface of the machine tool body (1) via two support plates (25), a plurality of detection rods (26) being arranged radially and slidably in the circular ring disk (24), a first fixing block (27) being fixedly arranged at the top end of each detection rod (26), a second fixing block (28) being fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the circular ring disk (24) near the inner edge, a spring (29) being fixedly arranged between the first fixing block (27) and the second fixing block (28); the spring (29) always drives each detection rod (26) to move inwards; The left side of the annular disk (24) is rotatably connected to a driving wheel (31), the driving wheel (31) is coaxially provided with a through hole adapted to the inner hole of the annular disk (24), the driving wheel (31) is evenly provided with arc-shaped through grooves (32) corresponding to the detection rod (26) along the circumference, each of the arc-shaped through grooves (32) is provided with a sliding column (33), and the right end of each sliding column (33) is fixedly provided with the corresponding detection rod (26); The driving wheel (31) is connected to a synchronous wheel (35) via a synchronous belt (34); the right end of the synchronous wheel (35) is rotatably connected to a support column (36); the support column (36) is fixedly arranged with the machine tool body (1); a fixed shaft (37) is coaxially fixedly arranged at the left end of the synchronous wheel (35); a first bevel gear (38) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the fixed shaft (37); a support angle plate (39) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the machine tool body (1); a rotating gear (39) is rotatably arranged in the support angle plate (39) along the front-rear direction. A shaft (40), a second bevel gear (41) is fixedly provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft (40), a third bevel gear (42) is fixedly provided at the front end of the rotating shaft (40), the first bevel gear (38) is meshed with the second bevel gear (41), the right end of the threaded rod (20) protrudes from the right side surface of the fixed plate (10) and is fixedly provided with a fourth bevel gear (43), the fourth bevel gear (43) is meshed with the third bevel gear (42), and the fixed shaft (37) is rotatably connected to the supporting angle plate (39).

2. The machine tool for polishing and grinding mechanical parts with curved surface adaptability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the support plate (25) and the upper end surface of the machine tool body (1) are slidably arranged in the left-right direction, the outer side surface of the support plate (25) is provided with a plane, and a locking bolt (44) is arranged on the plane of the support plate (25) in the up-down direction, and the locking bolt (44) is threadedly connected to the support plate (25).

3. The machine tool for polishing and grinding mechanical parts with curved surface adaptability according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tightening bolt (45) is provided on the tailstock (5) in the up-down direction, and the tightening bolt (45) is threadedly connected to the tailstock (5).

4. The machine tool for polishing and grinding mechanical parts with curved surface adaptability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of each transmission shaft (13) protrudes from the right side surface of the fixed plate (10) and is fixedly provided with a gear (16); the right side surface of the fixed plate (10) is rotatably connected to a ring gear (17); the ring gear (17) is meshed with each gear (16) through internal teeth; a motor (18) is fixedly provided on the right side surface of the gantry (11); a transmission gear (19) is fixedly provided on the output shaft of the motor (18); the transmission gear (19) is meshed with the ring gear (17) through the external teeth of the ring gear (17).

5. The mechanical component polishing machine with curved surface adaptability according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic telescopic rod (46) is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the machine tool body (1), a connecting plate (47) is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (46), and the right side surface of the connecting plate (47) is fixedly provided on the spindle box (3) via a push rod (48).

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