Delay pre-processing fast breaker and arc-free breaking control circuit and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a delayed pre-processing fast breaker and a non-arcing breaking control circuit and method. The breaker is used in a DC circuit. The non-arcing breaking control circuit and method apply the breaker. The breaker includes a DC input terminal and a DC output terminal and a conductive path that can be connected to the DC input terminal and the DC output terminal; the conductive path has a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker; the first circuit breaker has a pre-processing structure that is controlled by a pre-processing control signal or a conduction control signal to conduct the first circuit breaker with a high resistance or a low resistance; the second circuit breaker has a breaking structure that is naturally conductive and is controlled by a breaking control signal to disconnect the second circuit breaker. This scheme proposes a new breaker that can perform pre-processing breaking before the main breaking, reduce the voltage at both ends of the main breaking circuit, thereby avoiding the generation of arcs and achieving rapid breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular relates to a time-delay preprocessing fast breaker and an arc-free breaking control circuit and method. Background Art

[0002] Compared with AC transmission, DC transmission has higher electrical performance, so it can reduce system power loss, use fewer power cables, and have higher power carrying capacity. In addition, the control of DC power is easier to implement because it does not need to consider frequency and phase synchronization.

[0003] High-voltage direct current transmission avoids additional power conversion equipment and supports higher transmission efficiency, so it has the advantages of lower cost and smaller physical footprint. At voltages less than 1kV, DC microgrids have become the first choice for data centers, industrial facilities, and office buildings due to their simple control and fewer conversion levels. Many power services are usually interconnected using DC microgrids, such as energy storage, renewable energy, electric vehicle charging, and so on.

[0004] However, there are significant differences between DC and AC in terms of safety protection mechanisms. Circuit breakers play an important role in protecting the safety of power grids in many ways. They can disconnect the power grid in the event of a fault to prevent damage to wires, power electronic equipment, and other important assets. In an AC circuit, the current alternates between positive and negative, and passes through zero at a specific moment in each cycle. This characteristic makes the AC circuit easy to disconnect when the current passes through zero. Therefore, the damage caused by electric arcs to electric shock can be reduced by designing the circuit breaker to disconnect when the current approaches the next zero point. However, DC is different from AC. DC does not have a natural current zero-crossing phenomenon. Therefore, current circuit breakers cannot achieve effective arc extinguishing and are insufficient to protect DC power grids. Therefore, it is necessary to propose new circuit breakers that can achieve rapid disconnection and arc extinguishing of DC circuits and arc-free disconnection control schemes for DC circuits. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a delayed pre-processing fast breaker to solve the above problems;

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an arc-free breaking control circuit and an arc-free breaking control method thereof in view of the above-mentioned problem.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A time-delay pre-processing fast breaker for a DC circuit, comprising a DC input terminal and a DC output terminal and a conductive path capable of connecting the DC input terminal and the DC output terminal;

[0009] The conductive path has a first disconnection and a second disconnection;

[0010] The first disconnection position has a preprocessing structure that is controlled by a preprocessing control signal or a conduction control signal to conduct the first disconnection with a high resistance or a low resistance;

[0011] The second circuit breaker has a disconnection structure which is naturally conductive and is disconnected by a disconnection control signal.

[0012] In the above-mentioned delayed pre-processing fast breaker, the breaking control signal is triggered when the first breaker is connected with a high resistance value.

[0013] In the above-mentioned delayed pre-processing fast disconnector, the pre-processing structure includes a first cavity located at the first circuit breaker, and a first piston located in the first cavity and capable of connecting the first circuit breaker;

[0014] The first piston has at least two connecting conductors with different resistances, and the high-resistance connecting conductor of the first piston is connected to the first open circuit under the control of the preprocessing control signal, or the low-resistance connecting conductor of the first piston is connected to the first open circuit under the control of the conduction control signal;

[0015] The breaking structure comprises a second cavity located at the second circuit breaker, and a second piston having a conductive layer located in the second cavity. In a natural state, the conductive layer of the second piston is connected to the second circuit breaker.

[0016] When controlled by the opening control signal, the conductive layer leaves the second open circuit to open the second open circuit.

[0017] In the above-mentioned delayed pre-processing fast disconnector, the first piston has at least three connecting conductors with different resistance values, and when controlled by the conduction control signal, the connecting conductor with the lowest resistance value connects the first circuit breaker;

[0018] When controlled by the preprocessing control signal, the first open circuit is connected to the connecting conductor with the lowest resistance value and the first open circuit is connected to the connecting conductor with the highest resistance value in sequence;

[0019] The connecting conductors are isolated from each other by insulators.

[0020] In the above-mentioned delayed pre-processing fast disconnector, the first and second strikers are disposed oppositely at two ends of the first cavity, and the first piston is located between the first and second strikers and is struck by the first and second strikers to move back and forth in the first cavity;

[0021] The at least two connecting conductors of the first piston are arranged in order from the end close to the first striker to the end close to the second striker according to the resistance value from small to large;

[0022] The first striker is controlled by the conduction control signal to move the first piston close to the second striker, so that the connecting conductor with the lowest resistance value is connected and the first circuit is turned on;

[0023] The second striker is controlled by the pre-processing control signal to move the first piston close to the first striker, so that the connecting conductor connected to the first circuit breaker switches from the lowest resistance value to the highest resistance value in sequence;

[0024] A third striker is provided at one end of the second cavity. The third striker is controlled by the breaking control signal to move the second piston to make the conductive layer leave the second break. In the natural state, the conductive layer is connected and conducts the second break. After being hit by the third striker, the conductive layer leaves the second break, and the two ends of the second break are disconnected due to no connection.

[0025] The second piston includes the conductive layer and the insulating layer connected to the conductive layer, and the insulating layer is close to the third striker. In a natural state, the conductive layer is connected to and conducts the second break circuit. After being hit by the third striker, the insulating layer replaces the conductive layer to connect to the second break circuit to disconnect the second break circuit.

[0026] An arc-free breaking control circuit comprises the above-mentioned breaker and a controller;

[0027] The controller is used to output a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal or a disconnection control signal to the breaker according to the circuit state so that the breaker is in a low resistance conduction state, a high resistance conduction state or a disconnection state;

[0028] And the breaking control signal is triggered when the breaker is in a high resistance conduction state.

[0029] In the above-mentioned arc-free breaking control circuit, the controller includes a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm, which takes the circuit characteristic data in the DC circuit including the current amplitude, the slope k of the curve changing with time and the slope change trend dk as input, and outputs the circuit state classification. The controller outputs a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal or a breaking control signal to the breaker according to the circuit state classification.

[0030] In the above-mentioned arc-free breaking control circuit, the controller controls the action of the second striker through a pre-processing control signal according to the circuit state classification so that the breaker is in a high-resistance on-state, or controls the action of the first striker through a conduction control signal so that the breaker is in a low-resistance on-state, or controls the action of the third striker through a breaking control signal so that the breaker is in a disconnected state.

[0031] An arc-free breaking control method of the arc-free breaking control circuit, the method comprising:

[0032] Acquiring circuit characteristic data;

[0033] determining a first circuit state based on the circuit characteristic data;

[0034] If the first circuit state is a fault state, a pre-processing control signal is output to the circuit breaker, and the circuit is switched from a low-resistance conduction state to a high-resistance conduction state;

[0035] Continue to obtain circuit characteristic data, and after the high resistance state continues for a set time, determine the second circuit state based on the new circuit characteristic data;

[0036] If the second circuit state is still a fault state, outputting a disconnection control signal to the breaker, and the circuit switches from a high-resistance conduction state to an off state;

[0037] If the second circuit state is a non-fault state, a conduction control signal is output to the breaker, and the circuit switches from the high-resistance conduction state back to the low-resistance conduction state.

[0038] In the above-mentioned arc-free interruption control method, the first circuit state and the second circuit state are determined based on the circuit characteristic data by a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm;

[0039] If the first circuit state is a fault state, the second striker is controlled to move by the preprocessing control signal so that the circuit switches from a low resistance conduction state to a high resistance conduction state;

[0040] If the second circuit state is still in a fault state, the third striker is controlled to move by an opening control signal so that the circuit is switched from a high resistance conduction state to an open state;

[0041] If the second circuit state is a non-fault state, the first striker is controlled to move by a conduction control signal so that the circuit switches from a high-resistance conduction state back to a low-resistance conduction state.

[0042] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0043] 1) This scheme proposes a new breaker, which can perform pre-processing and breaking before the main breaking, reducing the voltage at both ends of the main breaking line, thereby avoiding the generation of arcs and achieving rapid breaking;

[0044] 2) This solution uses a fuzzy clustering algorithm to convert the circuit feature data extracted from the current limiting time domain signal into a control signal, which can identify temporary faults and permanent faults, avoid grid paralysis caused by temporary faults, and quickly restore circuit power supply in the event of a temporary fault, with high reliability.

[0045] 3) This solution uses a delayed pre-processing method to achieve rapid circuit breaking, and a three-striker structure achieves arc-free breaking, which can quickly cut off the short-circuit current and avoid the harm of temporary fault current to the device. It can be used for high-reliability protection of the circuit;

[0046] 4) The circuit proposed in this scheme can change the resistance of the circuit by physically moving the piston, and realize circuit protection in a two-step asymptotic manner of pre-treatment breaking and main breaking by means of two pistons and three strikers. At the same time, a multi-resistance scheme is provided for the piston of pre-treatment breaking, which can gradually change the resistance in the pre-treatment stage, thereby interfering with the control current drop rate and avoiding a sudden decrease in current. The final breaking is performed after the pre-treatment is completed, which can effectively avoid the arc risk caused by current mutation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the initial state (low resistance conduction state) of the delayed pre-processing fast breaker of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of hidden pre-processing structure and breaking structure;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high resistance conduction state of the delayed pre-processing fast breaker of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disconnection state of the delayed pre-processing fast breaker of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a circuit structure block diagram of the arc-free interruption control circuit of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the arc-free breaking control method of the arc-free breaking control circuit of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a line current trend and a voltage trend curve that change with time when a permanent fault occurs provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of line current and voltage trend curves that change with time when a temporary fault occurs provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure numerals: DC input terminal 1; DC output terminal 2; conductive path 3; first circuit breaker 31; second circuit breaker 32; pretreatment structure 4; first cavity 41; first piston 42; first striker 43; second striker 44; connecting conductor 45; insulator 46; breaking structure 5; second cavity 51; second piston 52; third striker 53; conductive layer 54; insulating layer 55; controller 01; breaker 02. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a delayed pre-processing fast breaker for a DC circuit, comprising a shell having a DC input terminal 1 and a DC output terminal 2 and a conductive path 3 that can be connected to the DC input terminal 1 and the DC output terminal 2, that is, similar to a general circuit breaker switch connected in series in a circuit, the breaker provided by the present invention is also connected in series in a DC circuit, that is, connected in series between a DC power supply and an electrical appliance. When a circuit fault occurs, the breaker is disconnected and the circuit is disconnected.

[0057] Specifically, the conductive path 3 has a first disconnection 31 and a second disconnection 32 .

[0058] The first circuit 31 has a preprocessing structure 4 which is controlled by a preprocessing control signal or a conduction control signal to conduct the first circuit 31 with a high resistance or a low resistance.

[0059] Specifically, the pre-processing structure 4 includes a first cavity 41 located at the first disconnecting circuit 31, and a first piston 42 located in the first cavity 41 and capable of connecting the first disconnecting circuit 31. A first striker 43 and a second striker 44 are disposed oppositely at two ends of the first cavity 41, and the first piston 42 is located between the first striker 43 and the second striker 44 and moves back and forth in the first cavity 41 under the impact of the first striker 43 and the second striker 44.

[0060] In this embodiment, the first piston 42 has five connecting conductors 45 with different resistance values, and are arranged in order from the end close to the first striker 43 to the end close to the second striker 44 in ascending order of resistance value, and each connecting conductor 45 is isolated from each other by an insulator 46.

[0061] The first striker 43 is controlled by the conduction control signal to move the first piston 42 close to the second striker 44 , and the second striker 44 is controlled by the pre-processing control signal to move the first piston 42 close to the first striker 43 .

[0062] Specifically, Figure 1 The figure shows a natural state. In the natural state, the connecting conductor 45 with the lowest resistance connects the first circuit 31. When controlled by the pre-processing control signal, the second striker 44 moves to push the first piston 42 close to the second striker 44, and the connecting conductor 45 with the lowest resistance connects the first circuit 31 to the connecting conductor 45 with the highest resistance connects the first circuit 31. The sequence here means that the resistance value of the connecting conductor 45 connecting the first circuit 31 gradually changes from the lowest to the highest, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0063] In Figure 3In the high resistance conduction state shown in FIG. 1 , when the conduction control signal is controlled, the first striker 43 is actuated to push the first piston 42 back to Figure 1 In the state shown, the circuit returns to the low resistance conduction state.

[0064] The second circuit breaker 32 has a disconnection structure 5 that is naturally conductive and disconnects the second circuit breaker 32 under the control of a disconnection control signal. The disconnection structure 5 includes a second cavity 51 located at the second circuit breaker 32, and a second piston 52 located in the second cavity 51. A third striker 53 is provided at one end of the second cavity 51. The third striker 53 is controlled by the disconnection control signal to move the second piston 52 to make the conductive layer 54 leave the second circuit breaker 32. The second piston 52 includes a conductive layer 54 and an insulating layer 55 connected to the conductive layer 54, and the insulating layer 55 is close to the third striker 53. Figure 1 The figure shows a natural state, in which the conductive layer 54 is connected to and conducts the second circuit 32. When the third striker 53 is controlled by the disconnection control signal, the conductive layer 54 leaves the second circuit 32, and the insulating layer 55 replaces the conductive layer 54 and connects to the second circuit 32 to disconnect the second circuit 32. Figure 4 When the device is put into use, the disconnection control signal is triggered when the first disconnect circuit 31 is connected by a high resistance value.

[0065] The above-mentioned circuit breaker provided in this scheme provides a preprocessing structure and a breaking structure, and is controlled by a preprocessing control signal, a conduction control signal, and a breaking control signal. It can perform preprocessing before the main breaking, reduce the voltage at both ends of the main breaking line, thereby avoiding the generation of arcs and achieving rapid breaking.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also discloses an arc-free breaking control circuit, including the above-mentioned pre-processing fast breaker 02 and a controller 01.

[0067] The controller 01 is used to output a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal or a disconnection control signal to the breaker 02 according to the circuit state so that the breaker 02 is in a low-resistance conduction state, a high-resistance conduction state or a disconnection state, and the disconnection control signal is triggered when the breaker 02 is in a high-resistance conduction state.

[0068] When the controller 01 determines that the current circuit state is in a circuit fault that requires the disconnector 02 to work, it outputs a pre-processing control signal to put the circuit in a high-resistance conduction state first. Then continue monitoring, and output a disconnection control signal to completely disconnect the circuit when it is considered to be a permanent fault, and output a conduction control signal to restore conduction when it is considered to be a temporary fault. There is a general consensus among technicians in this field as to what kind of state is considered to be a circuit fault that requires the breaker to work. For example, when the current is abnormal, it is considered to be in a fault state that requires the breaker to work, etc. The technician can design the controller according to the general consensus or in combination with his own experience so that it outputs a pre-processing control signal when the circuit is in the corresponding state, and the specifics are not limited here. In addition, when it is a permanent fault and when it is a temporary fault, it is mainly judged by continuing to observe the circuit state for a period of time after entering the high-resistance conduction state. If the circuit state returns to normal or tends to be normal, it is considered to be a temporary fault. Otherwise, it is considered to be a permanent fault. The specific design can still be made by technicians in this field based on experience, and the specifics are not repeated here.

[0069] Specifically, the controller 01 includes a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm, which takes circuit characteristic data including current amplitude, slope k of the curve changing with time and slope change trend dk in the DC circuit as input, and outputs circuit state classification. The controller 01 outputs a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal or a disconnection control signal to the breaker 02 according to the circuit state classification. The controller 01 proposed in this embodiment uses a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm to realize the judgment of the circuit state. When it is put into use, the judgment of the circuit state can also be realized by other means, such as using the technology disclosed in the prior art to judge the circuit state, or proposing a new technology to judge the circuit state, and then outputting a control signal based on the circuit state. It should not be limited to the fuzzy clustering algorithm proposed in this scheme.

[0070] The three-striker structure used in the breaker 02 given in the above embodiment is still used in this circuit. The controller 01 controls the second striker 44 to move through the pre-processing control signal according to the circuit state classification so that the breaker 02 is in a high-resistance conduction state, or controls the first striker 43 to move through the conduction control signal so that the breaker 02 is in a low-resistance conduction state, or controls the third striker 53 to move through the disconnection control signal so that the breaker 02 is in a disconnection state.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the arc-free breaking control method of the above arc-free breaking control circuit is as follows:

[0072] In the initial state, the pre-processing fast breaker is in the following state: Figure 1 Status shown.

[0073] The controller obtains circuit characteristic data, mainly by collecting current time domain signals and extracting circuit characteristic data from the current time domain signals. The characteristic data includes but is not limited to the current amplitude A, the slope k of the curve changing with time and the changing trend dk of the slope, forming a characteristic vector V=[A, k, dk…].

[0074] The first circuit state is output based on the circuit characteristic data using the trained fuzzy clustering algorithm described above.

[0075] If the first circuit state is a fault state, a pre-processing control signal is output to the breaker 02, the second striker 44 is actuated, and the circuit is switched from a low resistance conduction state to a high resistance conduction state. The pre-processing fast breaker is in a state such as Figure 3 Status shown.

[0076] Continue to obtain circuit characteristic data, and after the high resistance state lasts for a set time, the fuzzy clustering algorithm determines the second circuit state based on the new circuit characteristic data. The set time can be set by those skilled in the art based on experience and actual conditions, and is generally 0.1s-30 seconds.

[0077] If the second circuit state is still in a fault state, a disconnection control signal is output to the breaker 02, the third striker 53 is actuated, and the circuit is switched from a high-resistance conduction state to a completely disconnected state;

[0078] If the second circuit state is a non-fault state, a conduction control signal is output to the breaker 02, the first striker 43 is actuated, and the circuit is switched from the high-resistance conduction state back to the low-resistance conduction state.

[0079] The fuzzy clustering algorithm can use an algorithm model including cluster centers V1 and V2 to calculate the distance between the feature vector V and the cluster center. When judging the first circuit state, if the distance is close to V1, the output is a fault state, and the controller 01 therefore outputs a pre-processing control signal, otherwise it does not act. When judging the second circuit state, if the distance is close to V1, the output is a fault state, and the controller 01 therefore outputs a disconnection control signal. If the distance is close to V2, the output is a non-fault state, and the controller 01 therefore outputs a conduction control signal.

[0080] The fuzzy clustering algorithm can be implemented based on alternating optimization, such as the fuzzy c-means iterative optimization algorithm, or based on neural network, such as the Kohonen clustering network and the Grosberg clustering network, or based on evolutionary computing, such as simulated annealing, genetic algorithm and evolutionary strategy, Tabu search algorithm, etc. The specific implementation is not limited here. An example of an implementation method is given below:

[0081] Specify the number of cluster categories c=2, set the initial cluster centers V1, V2. Calculate or update the partition matrix Ub=[u_ij] according to formula (1), (1)

[0082] Update the cluster center according to formula (2), (2)

[0083] Train until the number of iterations reaches the set number, or the parameters meet the requirements, and stop updating the cluster centers V1 and V2. Calculate the Mahalanobis distance from the cluster center based on the characteristic data V=[A, k, dk…] in the current time domain signal, take the cluster with the minimum distance and satisfying the distance range and output the corresponding state classification, and finally the controller 01 generates a pre-processing control signal, a disconnection control signal or a conduction control signal according to the state classification. The technical solution of the present invention controls the three-pin structure by generating a pre-processing control signal, a disconnection control signal and a conduction control signal, which respectively play the functions of pre-processing disconnection, main disconnection and restoration conduction, avoid the harm of temporary fault current to the device, and provide high reliability protection for the circuit. Embodiment 1

[0084] Figure 7 It is the line current and voltage variation curve over time when a permanent fault occurs. First, the current signal is collected and the circuit characteristic data is extracted to calculate the Mahalanobis distance with the cluster centers V1 and V2. Then, at time t1, it is found that the Mahalanobis distance falls within the range and is close to V1, and the pre-processing disconnection signal is output. At this time, the second striker 44 is ignited by the pre-processing control signal, and the breaker 02 switches from the low resistance conduction state to the high resistance conduction state. Finally, it is found that the Mahalanobis distance falls within the range and is close to V1, and the disconnection control signal is output. At this time, the third striker 53 is ignited by the disconnection control signal, and the breaker 02 is in the disconnection state. Figure 7 The changing curves of the current and the voltage at both ends of breaker 02 during the whole process are shown. Embodiment 2

[0085] Figure 8 It is the curve of line current and voltage changing with time when a temporary fault occurs. Similarly, first, the current signal is collected and the circuit characteristic data is extracted, and the Mahalanobis distance with the cluster centers V1 and V2 is calculated. Then, at time t1, it is found that the Mahalanobis distance falls within the range and is close to V1, and the pre-processing disconnection signal is output. At this time, the second striker 44 is ignited and fired by the pre-processing control signal, and the breaker 02 switches from the low-resistance conduction state to the high-resistance conduction state. Finally, at time t2, at time t2, it is found that the Mahalanobis distance falls within the range and is close to V2, and the conduction control signal is output to restore conduction. At this time, the first striker 43 is ignited and fired by the conduction control signal, and the breaker 02 is restored to the low-resistance conduction state. Figure 8 The changing curves of the current and the voltage at both ends of breaker 02 during the whole process are shown.

[0086] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0087] Although the terms such as DC input terminal 1, DC output terminal 2, conductive path 3, first circuit breaker 31, second circuit breaker 32, pre-processing structure 4, first cavity 41, first piston 42, first striker 43, second striker 44, connecting conductor 45, insulator 46, breaking structure 5, second cavity 51, second piston 52, third striker 53, conductive layer 54, insulating layer 55, controller 01, breaker 02, pre-processing control signal, conduction control signal, breaking control signal are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A delayed pre-processing fast breaker, characterized in that: Used in a direct current circuit, comprising a direct current input terminal (1) and a direct current output terminal (2), and a conductive path (3) capable of connecting the direct current input terminal (1) and the direct current output terminal (2); The conductive path (3) has a first disconnection (31) and a second disconnection (32); The first disconnect circuit (31) has a preprocessing structure (4) which is controlled by a preprocessing control signal or a conduction control signal to conduct the first disconnect circuit (31) with a high resistance or a low resistance; The second circuit breaker (32) has a disconnection structure (5) which is naturally conductive and is disconnected by a disconnection control signal; The pre-treatment structure (4) comprises a first cavity (41) located at the first disconnection (31), and a first piston (42) located in the first cavity (41) and capable of connecting the first disconnection (31); The first piston (42) has at least two connecting conductors (45) of different resistance values, and the high-resistance connecting conductor (45) of the first piston (42) is connected to the first open circuit (31) under the control of the pre-processing control signal, or the low-resistance connecting conductor (45) of the first piston (42) is connected to the first open circuit (31) under the control of the conduction control signal; The breaking structure (5) comprises a second cavity (51) located at the second breaking circuit (32), and a second piston (52) having a conductive layer (54) located in the second cavity (51); in a natural state, the conductive layer (54) of the second piston (52) is connected to the second breaking circuit (32); When controlled by a disconnection control signal, the conductive layer (54) leaves the second disconnection circuit (32) to disconnect the second disconnection circuit (32).

2. The delayed pre-processing fast switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The disconnection control signal is triggered when the first disconnect circuit (31) is connected by a high resistance.

3. The delayed pre-processing fast breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piston (42) has at least three connecting conductors (45) with different resistance values, and when controlled by a conduction control signal, the connecting conductor (45) with the lowest resistance value connects to the first open circuit (31); When controlled by a preprocessing control signal, the connection conductor (45) with the lowest resistance value is switched from connecting the first open circuit (31) to connecting the first open circuit (31) with the highest resistance value; The connecting conductors (45) are isolated from each other by insulators (46).

4. The delayed pre-processing fast switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first striker (43) and a second striker (44) are disposed oppositely at two ends of the first cavity (41); the first piston (42) is located between the first striker (43) and the second striker (44) and moves back and forth in the first cavity (41) when struck by the first striker (43) and the second striker (44); The at least two connecting conductors (45) of the first piston (42) are arranged in order from the end close to the first striker (43) to the end close to the second striker (44) in ascending order of resistance; The first striker (43) is controlled by a conduction control signal to move the first piston (42) toward the second striker (44), so that the connecting conductor (45) with the lowest resistance is connected to and conducts the first circuit (31); The second striker (44) is controlled by the pre-processed control signal to move the first piston (42) toward the first striker (43), so that the connecting conductor (45) connected to the first circuit breaker (31) switches from the lowest resistance value to the highest resistance value in sequence; A third striker (53) is disposed at one end of the second cavity (51), and the third striker (53) is controlled by a breaking control signal to move to push the second piston (52) so that the conductive layer (54) leaves the second breaking circuit (32); The second piston (52) comprises the conductive layer (54) and an insulating layer (55) connected to the conductive layer (54), and the insulating layer (55) is close to the third striker (53). In a natural state, the conductive layer (54) is connected to and conducts the second circuit breaker (32). After being struck by the third striker (53), the insulating layer (55) replaces the conductive layer (54) and is connected to the second circuit breaker (32) to disconnect the second circuit breaker (32).

5. An arc-free breaking control circuit, characterized in that: Comprising a breaker (02) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and a controller (01); The controller (01) is used to output a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal or a disconnection control signal to the breaker (02) according to the circuit state so that the breaker (02) is in a low resistance conduction state, a high resistance conduction state or a disconnection state; Furthermore, the disconnection control signal is triggered when the breaker (02) is in a high-resistance conduction state.

6. The arc-free breaking control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller (01) includes a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm, which takes circuit characteristic data including current amplitude, slope k of a curve changing over time, and slope change trend dk in a DC circuit as input, and outputs a circuit state classification. The controller (01) outputs a pre-processing control signal, a conduction control signal, or a disconnection control signal to the breaker (02) according to the circuit state classification.

7. The arc-free breaking control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller (01) controls the second striker (44) to move according to the circuit state classification through a pre-processing control signal so that the breaker (02) is in a high-resistance conduction state, or controls the first striker (43) to move through a conduction control signal so that the breaker (02) is in a low-resistance conduction state, or controls the third striker (53) to move through a disconnection control signal so that the breaker (02) is in a disconnection state.

8. An arc-free breaking control method of the arc-free breaking control circuit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The method includes: Acquiring circuit characteristic data; determining a first circuit state based on the circuit characteristic data; If the first circuit state is a fault state, a pre-processing control signal is output to the circuit breaker (02), and the circuit is switched from a low-resistance conduction state to a high-resistance conduction state; Continue to obtain circuit characteristic data, and after the high resistance state continues for a set time, determine the second circuit state based on the new circuit characteristic data; If the second circuit state is still a fault state, outputting a disconnection control signal to the breaker (02), so that the circuit switches from a high-resistance conduction state to a disconnection state; If the second circuit state is a non-fault state, a conduction control signal is output to the breaker (02), and the circuit switches from the high-resistance conduction state back to the low-resistance conduction state.

9. The arc-free interruption control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Using a trained fuzzy clustering algorithm to determine the first circuit state and the second circuit state based on the circuit feature data; If the first circuit state is a fault state, the second striker (44) is controlled to move by a pre-processed control signal so that the circuit switches from a low resistance conduction state to a high resistance conduction state; If the second circuit state is still in a fault state, the third striker (53) is controlled to move by an opening control signal so that the circuit switches from a high-resistance conducting state to an opening state; If the second circuit state is a non-fault state, the first striker (43) is controlled to actuate through a conduction control signal, so that the circuit switches from a high-resistance conduction state back to a low-resistance conduction state.

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