A semi-capsule type forest fire protection cover

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of forest fire-fighting fire-proof covers, and in particular to a semi-capsule-type forest fire-fighting fire-proof cover, comprising a cover body and a ground pressure edge, wherein the cover body is unfolded to present a semi-capsule-type structure, the ground pressure edge ring is arranged on the inner edge of the cover body, and a convenient inflatable skeleton is arranged in the cover body; a self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system is arranged in the cover body, and the pressure relief exhaust valve of the oxygen supply component is connected to the skeleton air path, so that the excess pressure relief gas of the oxygen supply component can be automatically replenished into the inflatable skeleton, so that the skeleton can maintain a three-dimensional support shape for a long time, maintain a good air insulation layer in the cover, effectively protect the personnel in the cover, reduce the risk of being scalded by the cover body fabric, can self-generate oxygen to meet the need of avoiding fire, increase the reuse of exhaust gas, and reduce gas waste. The overall design is simple and convenient, and the fire-proof cover can be folded and stored normally, which is convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting, and in particular to a semi-capsule type forest fire fighting fire shelter. Background Art

[0002] Fire hoods for forests and grasslands are one of the most important personal protective equipment for forest firefighters. In emergency situations when surrounded by forest fires, firefighters take out fire hoods to evacuate and save themselves. However, due to structural defects, the breathing space inside the conventional fire hoods is connected to the outside world, and high temperature, hypoxia or toxic smoke from the outside world can also enter the hood. In addition, long-term evacuation will cause hypoxia, which affects the success rate of self-rescue in the fire hood.

[0003] The existing conventional forest fire hood is a textile fabric of fireproof and high temperature resistant composite aluminum foil, which is processed by sewing. The current mainstream shape is a semi-capsule type, with an inward skirt around the bottom and a hollow gap in the middle of the bottom. When forest wild firefighters are in emergency, they drill into the fire hood and lie on the ground, with their heads down as close to the ground as possible to breathe the air in the hood and on the ground to save themselves. Actual combat cases at home and abroad show that even most of the firefighters who died unfortunately after using fire hoods were not burned to death but suffocated to death. After research and actual combat feedback, the current fire hood structure cannot form an effective seal on complex terrain such as forests, grasslands, and mountains, and forest fires will cause extreme conditions such as high temperature, toxic gas, thick smoke, and hypoxia in a large range of environments. Even if conventional fire hoods are used, they can only prevent open flames from burning or suffering from thermal radiation, but the breathing gas in the hood is still connected to the outside of the hood, so that the respiratory organs that need to be protected first in self-rescue situations are still in a state of lack of protection. After research and testing, it was found that after using the fire hood in a safe environment for more than 10 minutes, potential hazards such as oxygen shortage and increased carbon dioxide concentration will occur inside the hood, which will affect people's mobility and judgment.

[0004] Currently, fire shelters are made of multi-layer glass fiber bonded composite aluminum foil fabrics with a certain thickness and heavy grammage that are resistant to high temperature and flame retardant. The overall length of the finished product is more than 2 meters. After the fire shelter is unfolded and used, due to its own weight, the original sewing structure of the shelter is difficult to support and maintain an effective three-dimensional shape. The fabric is more likely to soften and collapse when heated, causing the high-temperature fabric to stick to the human body and cause additional damage. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a semi-capsule forest fire shelter that can provide firefighters with a stable and sufficient hiding space and can generate oxygen to meet the needs of fire avoidance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a semi-capsule type forest fire shelter, comprising a cover body and a ground pressure edge, the cover body is unfolded to form a semi-capsule type structure, the ground pressure edge ring is arranged on the inner edge of the periphery of the cover body, and unfolding handles are arranged on both sides of the cover body, characterized in that: a convenient inflatable skeleton is arranged in the cover body; a self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system is arranged in the cover body.

[0007] Preferably, the cover body presents a cover body, a cover head and a cover tail after being unfolded, and the cover body is made of a multi-layer textile fabric of fire-proof and high-temperature resistant composite aluminum foil through sewing; in order to make the two ends of the cover body have a self-supporting function after unfolding and increase its heat insulation effect, the edge folding patterns of the cover head and the cover tail are from bottom to top; the stitching line of the folding pattern is Y-shaped, and in order to facilitate the folding, storage and carrying of the fireproof cover, the portable inflatable skeleton is a connected high-temperature resistant film air tube, and the portable inflatable skeleton is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body in a horizontal and vertical manner along the cover body.

[0008] Preferably, the self-contained closed-circuit breathing circulation system includes a breathing airbag and a breathing mask; the breathing airbag is sewn and fixed to one side of the inner head of the mask; the breathing mask is connected to the breathing airbag at one end through a retractable breathing tube in the middle, and a one-way exhaust valve hose is provided at the other end of the breathing airbag; an initial rapid oxygen generation device is provided on the outer surface of the breathing airbag; a self-contained closed-circuit oxygen supply component is provided in the breathing airbag; and a one-way exhaust valve connected to a convenient inflatable skeleton is also provided on the breathing airbag. Oxygen supply component; in order to meet the user's initial breathing needs and reduce the blowing action, an initial rapid oxygen generation device is provided on the outer surface of the breathing airbag, and the breathing circuit preferably adopts a composite circuit or a reciprocating circuit.

[0009] Preferably, the initial rapid oxygen generation device is connected to the breathing airbag via a one-way air inlet valve; and the oxygen supply component includes an oxygen generator filled with an alkali metal.

[0010] Oxygen supply components Oxygen supply components

[0011] Preferably, the oxygen supply component includes an oxygen generator filled with potassium superoxide in the form of a flake, and the opening of the oxygen supply component is sleeved on the opening of the breathing airbag and is sealed and connected to the breathing hose.

[0012] Preferably, the initial rapid oxygen generating device comprises a pull ring, an air outlet hose, and an insulating outer shell, and is filled with a solid oxygen-containing compound oxygen generator. The initial rapid oxygen generating device is connected to a breathing air bag or an oxygen supply component or a breathing hose through an air outlet hose, and the solid oxygen-containing compound oxygen generator is chlorate.

[0013] Oxygen supply component The oxygen supply component is preferably provided with two inflation ports on the portable inflatable skeleton near the hood head, one inflation port is connected to a manual inflation assembly, and the other inflation port is connected to a one-way exhaust valve through a connecting air pipe; it also includes an active exhaust valve, which is arranged on the inflatable skeleton near the hood head. When the avoidance time exceeds the use time of the oxygen supply assembly, that is, the oxygen supply assembly no longer produces oxygen, the active exhaust valve can also be opened to release the air inside for emergency use by firefighters.

[0014] Preferably, the portable inflatable frame is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body in an I-shape, a W-shape or two connected cross shapes when viewed from above; the manual inflatable component is a small air pump or a ball-type air pump.

[0015] Preferably, the breathing mask is a half mask or a mouthpiece assembly, the mouthpiece assembly includes a breathing mouthpiece and a nose clip, and the breathing mouthpiece is connected to a breathing hose; a microphone is added to the half mask and the mouthpiece assembly to facilitate the person in the mask to use communication equipment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The fireproof hood of the present invention integrates a self-sufficient closed-circuit oxygen supply component and a portable inflatable skeleton support design, which can provide firefighters with sufficient oxygen and protective space. By adding a soft, high-temperature resistant inflatable skeleton in the fireproof hood and combining it with a manual inflation component, people in the fireproof hood can actively inflate the inflatable skeleton, so that the inflatable skeleton can maintain a three-dimensional supporting shape for a long time, maintain a good air insulation layer in the hood, effectively protect people in the hood, and reduce the risk of burns from the hood fabric.

[0018] At the same time, the one-way exhaust valve of the oxygen supply component is connected to the air circuit of the inflatable frame, so that the excess pressure-relief gas of the oxygen supply component can be automatically replenished into the inflatable frame, reducing the situation where people in the mask cannot inflate because they need to fix their hands on the ground to press the edge. At the same time, it also increases the temporary storage and reuse of the exhausted oxygen-rich gas, reducing oxygen waste.

[0019] If the avoidance time exceeds the use time of the oxygen supply component 7, that is, the oxygen supply component no longer produces oxygen, the active exhaust valve can also be opened to release the oxygen-rich gas of the inflatable frame to increase the user's normal breathing time in the mask and increase the success rate of avoidance and self-rescue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] For ease of explanation, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cover body of a semi-capsule type forest fire protection cover according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2It is a cross-sectional view of a cover body of a semi-capsule type forest fire protection cover according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a breathing air bag and a breathing hood of a semi-capsule type forest fire-fighting fire shelter of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a breathing air bag and an initial rapid oxygen generation device of a semi-capsule type forest fire shelter according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an initial rapid oxygen generation device of a semi-capsule type forest fire shelter according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a mouthpiece assembly of a semi-capsule type forest fire protection cover according to the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1-hood body, 2-ground pressing edge, 3-portable inflatable skeleton, 4-breathing airbag, 5-breathing mask, 6-breathing hose, 7-oxygen supply component, 8-one-way exhaust valve, 9-initial rapid oxygen generation device, 91-pull ring, 92-air outlet hose, 93-insulating shell, 10-manual inflation component, 11-hood body, 12-hood head, 13-hood tail, 14-folded edge, 15-connecting trachea, 16-unfolding handle, 17-microphone, 31-active exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is a further description of a semi-capsule type forest fire protection cover according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Example 1, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a semi-capsule type forest fire shelter comprises a cover body 1 and a ground pressure edge 2. The cover body 1 is unfolded into a semi-capsule type structure. The ground pressure edge 2 is arranged around the inner edge of the cover body 1. The cover body 1 is provided with unfolding handles 16 on both sides. A convenient inflatable skeleton 3 is arranged inside the cover body 1. A self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system is arranged inside the cover body 1.

[0030] After unfolding, the cover body 1 presents a cover body 11, a cover head 12 and a cover tail 13. The cover body 1 is made of a textile fabric of fireproof and high temperature resistant composite aluminum foil through sewing; the edges of the cover head 12 and the cover tail 13 are closed and the folded edges 14 have a pattern from bottom to top, and the folded edges 14 have a Y-shaped stitching. In the experiment, it was found that the Y-shaped stitching can increase stability; the two ends form a self-supporting effect, which increases its heat insulation effect. The portable inflatable skeleton 3 is a connected air pipe, and the portable inflatable skeleton 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body 11 in a horizontal and vertical manner along the cover body 1. A plurality of unfolding handles 16 are provided at the cover body 1 and the ground pressing edge 2.

[0031] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system of the oxygen supply component includes a breathing airbag 4 and a breathing mask 5; the breathing airbag 4 is fixed to one side of the mask head 12 by sewing or Velcro; a retractable breathing hose 6 is provided between the breathing mask 5 and the breathing airbag 4, and the breathing mask 5 is a half mask; an initial rapid oxygen generation device 9 is provided on the outer surface of the breathing airbag 4; an oxygen supply component 7 is provided in the breathing airbag 4, and the breathing airbag 4 is used to compensate for the change in gas supply demand and provide a gas storage device for the peak flow demand during inhalation; the breathing airbag 4 is also provided with a one-way exhaust valve 8 connected to the portable inflatable skeleton 3 for releasing excess pressure in the breathing airbag 4.

[0032] The oxygen supply component 7 includes an alkali metal oxygen generator filled therein, and the oxygen supply component 7 is arranged inside the breathing airbag 4. The alkali metal oxygen generator of the oxygen supply component 7 is a flaky potassium superoxide oxygen generator, which is used to absorb CO2 and generate O2. The opening of the oxygen supply component 7 is fitted on the opening of the breathing airbag 4 and is sealed and connected to the breathing hose 6. According to the reaction principle of the flaky potassium superoxide oxygen generator and the oxygen content of conventional products, combined with the respiratory entropy of the human body, the oxygen generation efficiency of the oxygen generator is gradually greater than the absorption efficiency during use, and the excess oxygen generates a slight positive pressure in the airbag. When the volume of the breathing airbag 4 is full, the gas is discharged from the one-way exhaust valve 8, and the one-way exhaust valve 8 is connected to the connecting air pipe 15. The discharged gas enters the air pipe of the portable inflatable skeleton 3 as a supplement, maintaining the shape of the portable inflatable skeleton 3 as a support for the fire hood.

[0033] According to the selection of oxygen source and gas purification of oxygen supply component 7, the use of alkali metal potassium superoxide as oxygen generation and gas purification device will have more advantages than "compressed oxygen + carbon dioxide absorber" and "chlorate oxygen generator + carbon dioxide absorber" in terms of volume weight, system reliability, protection time, manufacturing cost, etc., so it is preferred as the main oxygen supply component.

[0034] At the same time, considering that firefighters use it to avoid danger on the spot when they are trapped, it is not mainly to meet the needs of mobility. The breathing volume of firefighters when lying statically is smaller than the general moderate intensity breathing volume when jogging. At the same time, it is necessary to try to meet the needs of using the oxygen supply component for as long as possible. Referring to the matching of firefighters' portable equipment, it is hoped that the oxygen supply component of the fire hood is as small in weight and volume as possible. Therefore, the oxygen supply component mainly uses 200-250g of flake potassium superoxide. The breathing circuit preferably uses a composite circuit or a reciprocating circuit to ensure the needs of high-intensity activities such as running before using the fire hood, cleaning up combustibles in the environment, and unfolding the fire hood. The breathing circuit adopts a rear-mounted breathing airbag 4 and a delayed exhaust, which is convenient for the breathing airbag 4 to be connected to the foot column of the convenient inflatable skeleton 3 through a one-way exhaust valve 8, while ensuring that the breathing hose 6 can meet the activities of the head.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the initial rapid oxygen generating device 9 includes a pull ring 91, an air outlet hose 92, and an insulating shell 93. The initial rapid oxygen generating device 9 is filled with a solid oxygen-containing compound oxygen generating agent. The initial rapid oxygen generating device 9 is connected to the breathing airbag 4 or the oxygen supply component 7 or the breathing hose 6 through the air outlet hose 92. The air outlet hose 92 can generate 4-6L of oxygen and fill the breathing airbag 4 within tens of seconds, which can meet the user's initial breathing needs.

[0036] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the portable inflatable frame 3 is provided with two inflating ports near the hood head 12, one of which is connected to the manual inflating assembly 10, and the other is connected to the one-way exhaust valve 8 through the connecting air pipe 15. The portable inflatable frame 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the hood body 11 in a cross shape when viewed from above, which can save materials and facilitate the folding and storage of the fire hood and also play a supporting role; in order to facilitate folding and storage while being convenient to use, the manual inflating assembly 10 is a ball-type inflating pump, which is also helpful for firefighters to have objects to grasp in emergency and dangerous situations, so as to relieve the tense and anxious psychological state under stress and help to improve the belief of persistence.

[0037] The active exhaust valve 31 of the portable inflatable skeleton 3 is used to exhaust air to the head inside the hood to increase the oxygen content of the air at the head inside the hood. If the oxygen supply component 7 is consumed and no longer produces oxygen, at least the oxygen content of the exhaustable gas in the air column is slightly higher and is discharged toward the user's head during exhaust.

[0038] In Example 2, the breathing mask 5 is a mouthpiece assembly, which includes a breathing mouthpiece and a nose clip, and the breathing mouthpiece is connected to a breathing hose 6. The breathing mouthpiece is generally used in combination with the nose clip. The mouthpiece assembly and the half mask are preferably provided with a microphone 17, so that firefighters can communicate on the spot about the fire situation after the fire shelter is deployed. And the occupied volume is smaller, and it can be better stored in the mask body 1.

[0039] The present invention uses the following steps:

[0040] Take out the cover body 1 from the folding package, hold the unfolding handles 16 on the left and right outside of the fire hood with your hands, shake open the folded cover body 1, and at the same time, the head 12 of the fire hood can be clearly identified by the weight of the oxygen supply component 7, and the bottom ground edge of the fire hood is laid flat on the ground with the ground edge facing upwards. The user lies face up in the fire hood according to the direction of the head 12 of the fire hood, grabs the unfolding handle 16 on the ground edge 2 inside the fire hood, and turns the fire hood over while the human body is turned over, so that the human body faces down, and the fire hood returns to the normal semi-capsule shape; when the user enters the cover body 1, put on the breathing mask 5; pull out the pull ring 91 of the initial rapid oxygen generation device 9, and the chlorate high-temperature catalysis generates rapid oxygen that enters the breathing airbag 4 through the outlet hose 92 and fills the breathing circuit, which is convenient for the user's initial breathing. During this period, the user's limbs press the ground edge 2 at the bottom of the fire hood through the unfolding handles 16 to prevent the cover body 1 from being blown off the ground by hot air. When a person uses the oxygen supply component 7 to breathe autonomously, the exhaled Co2 is converted into O2. The oxygen generation efficiency of the potassium superoxide oxygen generator is gradually greater than the absorption efficiency during use. When the oxygen-rich gas in the breathing circuit gradually accumulates and increases to produce a micro-positive pressure that reaches the volume threshold of the breathing airbag 4, it is filled into the portable inflatable skeleton 3 through the one-way exhaust valve 8; the oxygen-rich gas enters the portable inflatable skeleton 3 to maintain the shape of the inflatable skeleton. During this period, the user can also use the manual inflation component 10 to actively supplement the inflation of the portable inflatable skeleton 3 according to the shape and stability of the mask body 1. If the avoidance time exceeds the use time of the oxygen supply component 7, that is, the oxygen supply component 7 no longer produces oxygen, the active exhaust valve 31 of the portable inflatable skeleton 3 can also be opened to release the oxygen-rich gas in the portable inflatable skeleton 3 to increase the user's normal breathing time in the mask and increase the success rate of self-rescue.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-capsule forest fire shelter, comprising a cover body and a ground pressure edge, wherein the cover body is unfolded to present a semi-capsule structure, the ground pressure edge ring is arranged on the inner edge of the cover body, and unfolding handles are arranged on both sides of the cover body, characterized in that: A portable inflatable skeleton is arranged inside the cover; a self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system is arranged inside the cover; after the cover is unfolded, it presents a cover body, a cover head and a cover tail, and the cover body is a multi-layer textile fabric of fireproof and high-temperature resistant composite aluminum foil processed by sewing; the edge folding patterns of the cover head and the cover tail are from bottom to top, and the folding pattern stitches are Y-shaped; the portable inflatable skeleton is a connected high-temperature resistant film air tube, and the portable inflatable skeleton is arranged on the inner wall of the cover body along the cover body in a horizontal and vertical interlaced manner; the self-sufficient closed-circuit breathing circulation system includes a breathing airbag and a breathing mask; the breathing airbag is fixed on one side of the cover head; a retractable breathing hose is arranged between the breathing mask and the breathing airbag; an initial rapid oxygen generation device is arranged on the outer surface of the breathing airbag; an oxygen supply component is arranged inside the breathing airbag; a one-way exhaust valve connected to the portable inflatable skeleton is also arranged on the breathing airbag; the opening of the oxygen supply component is fitted on the opening of the breathing airbag and is sealed and connected to the breathing hose together; The initial rapid oxygen generation device comprises a pull ring, an air outlet hose, and an insulating outer shell. The initial rapid oxygen generation device is filled with a solid oxygen-containing compound oxygen generator, and the initial rapid oxygen generation device is connected to a breathing airbag through an air outlet hose; the portable inflatable skeleton is provided with two inflation ports near the head of the hood, one inflation port is connected to a manual inflation component, and the other inflation port is connected to a one-way exhaust valve through a connecting air pipe; it also includes an active exhaust valve, which is arranged at a position of the inflatable skeleton near the head of the hood; the portable inflatable skeleton is arranged on the inner wall of the hood body in an I-shape, a W-shape, or two connected cross shapes when viewed from above; the manual inflation component is a small inflation pump or a ball-type inflation pump; the breathing circuit adopts a composite circuit or a reciprocating circuit.

2. A semi-capsule forest fire protection cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply component includes an oxygen generator filled with an alkali metal.

3. A semi-capsule forest fire protection cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkali metal oxygen generator of the oxygen supply component is a flake potassium superoxide oxygen generator.

4. A semi-capsule forest fire protection cover according to claim 3, characterized in that: The breathing mask is a half mask or a mouthpiece assembly; the mouthpiece assembly includes a breathing mouthpiece and a nose clip, and the breathing mouthpiece is connected to a breathing hose; a microphone is added to the half mask and the mouthpiece assembly to facilitate the person in the mask to use communication equipment.

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