A nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children

Abstract

The present invention provides a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, comprising: an oxygen saturation monitoring device for collecting oxygen saturation data of the monitored person; a respiratory rate monitoring device for collecting the respiratory rate of the monitored person; a respiratory movement sensing device for collecting the respiratory movement of the monitored person; a controllable ventilation device for supporting the breathing of the monitored person; and a central control device for controlling the controllable ventilation device to switch the breathing mode of the monitored person according to the oxygen saturation data, respiratory rate and respiratory movement. The present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring of the respiratory status of the child through real-time monitoring and data analysis, effectively identifies the child's respiratory difficulties and implements automatic early intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical informatics, and in particular to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children. Background Art

[0002] For children with severe pneumonia, their condition changes rapidly during hospitalization, and ECG monitoring is performed to monitor heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and other indicators to identify and judge vital signs. During the day, there are enough medical staff to deal with abnormal situations. At night, the only way to remind the staff on duty is through the alarm of the ECG monitoring equipment. From the time the staff on duty sees the changes in the child's vital signs on the ECG monitor to calling the superior doctor to judge the condition and deal with it, not only a lot of time and energy is wasted, but the best time for intervention may also be missed.

[0003] Severely ill children, especially infants under 3 years old, have a high chance of respiratory tract infection. Because the airway is not fully developed, pneumonia caused by various viruses and bacterial infections is usually severe, and the condition changes relatively quickly. Unlike adults, the respiratory system of children has its own characteristics. First, the trachea and bronchi of infants are narrower than those of adults; the cartilage is soft, lacks elastic tissue, and has weak support. When breathing difficulties occur, the intercostal space is prone to depression. In terms of anatomical structure, infants have short, barrel-shaped thoraxes, horizontal ribs, and underdeveloped intercostal muscles. They cannot increase the expansion of the thorax when inhaling. Because the chest respiratory muscles are underdeveloped, the chest cavity is small and the lungs are relatively large, the range of movement of the thorax is small during breathing, and the lungs cannot fully expand, affecting ventilation and gas exchange. Because the chest wall of infants is soft, it is easy for the chest to collapse when a lung infection occurs, so the expansion of the lungs is restricted, which can easily cause respiratory failure. Due to developmental reasons, children have insufficient response capabilities to some pathogenic factors, their vital signs fluctuate greatly, and they are unable to communicate effectively through words and body language. Therefore, timely and accurate identification of children's vital signs is of great significance for early identification of serious illnesses in children and for gaining precious time to save the children's lives.

[0004] Secondly, in the respiratory management of critically ill children, the decision on whether to inhale oxygen and the amount of oxygen flow is generally based on abnormal oxygenation. However, as mentioned above, the various pathogenic factors in critically ill children affect each other. The vast majority of children suffer from respiratory problems themselves, and most deaths are also caused by respiratory problems. Simple sudden cardiac death is rare. Therefore, in critically ill children, how to identify respiratory problems and intervene as early as possible is the key to preemptively treating children with severe pneumonia. In the current respiratory management, it generally relies mainly on the manual intervention of medical staff. At night, due to the lack of medical staff, it is often difficult to manage and intervene in the breathing of children in a timely manner at the first time.

[0005] Although current ECG monitoring can manually set the alarm range of various vital signs in advance, in clinical practice, the heart rate and breathing ranges corresponding to children of different ages and different states are different, but the current ECG monitors cannot perform intelligent monitoring and alarms based on age and status. In addition, due to technical reasons, the current ECG monitoring equipment usually displays the immediate breathing converted into the number of times per minute, which may cause erroneous displays. In addition, the existing ECG monitoring devices cannot actively intervene in breathing. Children's physical signs change greatly at night. Early warning of a single sign may not only cause false alarms, but also miss the opportunity for early intervention. For example, when oxygen saturation and respiratory rate are normal but there is increased respiratory activity and difficulty breathing, the existing machines cannot recognize such phenomena and intervene in time.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a nighttime automatic respiratory management system that can simultaneously monitor children's respiratory rate, chest respiratory movement and oxygen saturation, and determine whether there is dyspnea and oxygenation, so as to make automatic decisions and interventions and provide different oxygen flow rates according to changes in the condition. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, which is used to solve the defects of the prior art.

[0008] The present invention provides a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, comprising:

[0009] An oxygen saturation monitoring device, used to collect oxygen saturation data of a monitored person;

[0010] A respiratory rate monitoring device, used to collect the respiratory rate of the monitored person;

[0011] A respiratory movement sensing device, used to collect the respiratory movement of the monitored person;

[0012] A controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the person being tested;

[0013] The central control device is used to send a breathing mode control signal to the controllable ventilation device based on the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, the breathing rate data obtained by the breathing rate monitoring device and the breathing movement data obtained by the breathing movement sensing device, so as to control the controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing mode.

[0014] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the breathing modes include a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and the oxygen inhalation mode includes a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

[0015] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the controllable ventilation device comprises a breathing mask, and the breathing mask specifically comprises:

[0016] The mask body is provided with an oxygen source interface for connecting to an external oxygen source, a vent hole and a breathing window for covering the vent hole.

[0017] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the breathing window is configured as a shutter structure, and the shutter structure specifically includes:

[0018] A shutter main body frame, the shutter main body frame is adapted to the vent hole, and the shutter main body frame is provided with a plurality of blades arranged in parallel;

[0019] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the blades and is used to control the blades to rotate so as to adjust the inflow and outflow of the vents;

[0020] A microcontroller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism and is used to respond to a control signal from the central control device to control the action of the driving mechanism to adjust the working state of the breathing window.

[0021] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the driving mechanism specifically comprises:

[0022] A driving motor, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the blade;

[0023] A reduction device is connected between the output shaft of the drive motor and the blades, and is used to reduce the rotation speed of the drive motor.

[0024] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the respiratory window further comprises:

[0025] A wireless communication unit, wherein the wireless communication unit is used to receive a wireless control signal;

[0026] A position sensor is installed on the main frame of the shutter, and is used to detect the position of the blade and feed back the position information of the blade to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts and controls the angle of the blade according to the fed-back position information.

[0027] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the blades are made of flexible material, and the flexible material is a polymer material. The flexible polymer material includes polyurethane, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0028] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, in response to a respiratory mode control signal of the central control device, the respiratory window acts synchronously according to the respiratory mode indicated in the respiratory mode control signal to adjust the working state, and the working state, the working state of the respiratory window includes:

[0029] A first state, the first state corresponds to a free breathing mode, and when the breathing window is in the first state, the blades are at an angle of 90 degrees to the plane where the main frame of the shutter is located;

[0030] The second state corresponds to a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window is in the second state, the blades are at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane where the shutter main frame is located;

[0031] The third state corresponds to the high-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window is in the third state, the blades are coplanar with the shutter main frame so that the shutter main frame covers the breathing window and closes the vent.

[0032] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the oxygen saturation monitoring device is configured as a pulse oximeter, a central venous oxygen saturation measuring instrument, or a monitor with an oxygen saturation monitoring function.

[0033] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the central control device is configured to:

[0034] receiving real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person collected by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, and comparing the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold to obtain an oxygen saturation comparison result for switching the breathing mode of the monitored person;

[0035] Receiving real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person collected by the respiratory rate monitoring device, and comparing the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value, if the real-time respiratory rate data is greater than the second threshold value, simultaneously starting the timer built into the control device to record the number of breaths within the timing period and converting it into a corrected respiratory rate value, and comparing the corrected respiratory rate value within the timing period with the second threshold value again to obtain a corrected respiratory rate comparison result;

[0036] Respiratory movement data from the respiratory movement sensing device is received, and a respiratory movement determination result is obtained to determine whether there is respiratory movement abnormality.

[0037] Based on the received oxygen saturation comparison result, the corrected respiratory rate comparison result and the respiratory movement judgment result, the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode according to the preset oxygen inhalation flow switching conditions, and simultaneously sends control signals to the control valves or flow meters on the controllable ventilation device and the external oxygen source. After receiving the control signal, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device puts the breathing window in the third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device.

[0038] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the respiratory movement sensing device includes a plurality of respiratory movement sensors, and the plurality of respiratory movement sensors are preferably placed at the thorax, clavicle and intercostal space of the monitored person.

[0039] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, abnormal respiratory movement can be judged as at least one of the respiratory movement at the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and intercostal space being greater than a third threshold, and preferably, the respiratory movement at the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and intercostal space are all greater than the third threshold.

[0040] According to a nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the preset oxygen flow switching condition is: if the oxygen saturation is less than a first threshold, the corrected respiratory rate value is greater than a second threshold, and at least two of the respiratory movement abnormalities exist, the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode.

[0041] The present invention provides a nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children, which integrates oxygen saturation data, respiratory rate and respiratory movement data to manage the oxygen supply mode. The comprehensive analysis of multiple parameters can provide a more accurate treatment basis, thereby achieving more accurate oxygen supply flow rate regulation. An increase in respiratory rate is often an early manifestation of respiratory distress. When the respiratory rate exceeds the preset threshold, further monitoring of respiratory movement can help determine whether there is respiratory muscle fatigue or dyspnea, so that timely intervention measures can be taken, such as adjusting the oxygen supply flow rate, providing assisted ventilation, etc., to prevent the condition from worsening. In addition, correcting the respiratory rate value and monitoring respiratory movement in combination with the characteristics of the child's illness can provide accurate judgment of the timing of nighttime respiratory management and active and automatic intervention as early as possible, which can not only avoid erroneous displays of medical instruments, but also provide reasonable respiratory support earlier than manual intervention, which is especially important for children.

[0042] The present invention provides a nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children, which reduces the burden of medical staff on nighttime patrols and manual adjustment of oxygen flow rate through an automated monitoring and adjustment mechanism; and a reasonable oxygen flow rate can reduce the discomfort of children caused by excessively high or low oxygen concentrations; in addition, through precise respiratory management, it can improve the respiratory function of children, reduce complications caused by respiratory problems, and thus accelerate the recovery process of children.

[0043] The present invention provides a nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children, which forms a closed-loop respiratory management system, and can reduce medical errors caused by human negligence or misjudgment to a certain extent, and improve medical safety. In addition, through the innovative mask design, it can adapt to the unmanned switching of the oxygen inhalation mode of the children, and there is no need for medical staff to replace the nasal tube, mask and adjust the oxygen inhalation flow rate, which is suitable for unmanned automatic respiratory management of children at night. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a controllable ventilation device in a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the local structure of the controllable ventilation device provided by the present invention when the breathing window is in a fully open state;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the local structure of the controllable ventilation device provided by the present invention when the breathing window is in a semi-open state;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the controllable ventilation device provided by the present invention when the breathing window is in a fully closed state.

[0050] Figure numerals: 100, oxygen saturation monitoring device; 200, respiratory rate monitoring device; 300, respiratory movement sensing device; 400, central control device; 500, controllable ventilation device; 510, oxygen source interface; 520, ventilation hole; 530, breathing window; 540, oxygen storage bag; 531, blades. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, comprising:

[0053] The oxygen saturation monitoring device 100 is used to collect oxygen saturation data of a monitored person.

[0054] The oxygen saturation monitoring device 100 may be a pulse oximeter, a central venous oxygen saturation meter, or a monitor with an oxygen saturation monitoring function, preferably a bedside monitor that can be adapted to an ICU control center.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device can be a monitor with the function of monitoring respiratory rate, for example, a bedside monitor in an ICU. In another specific embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device can be a respiratory sensor capable of sensing various respiratory parameters, which can be wirelessly connected to a central control device for real-time wireless monitoring of various respiratory parameters including respiratory rate. In yet another embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device can be a sleep breathing monitoring device, which typically includes a chest strap, an oxygen saturation monitoring device, and a respiratory flow sensor for monitoring respiratory rate and respiratory events during sleep.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device and the oxygen saturation monitoring device can be integrated into a bedside monitor, that is, a bedside monitor with oxygen saturation monitoring and respiratory monitoring functions can be used to implement the system. In the ICU, the bedside monitor is the most basic monitoring equipment, which can monitor the patient's respiratory rate, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and other vital signs in real time. In this case, the nighttime respiratory management system for critically ill children of the present invention can only include a bedside monitor, a respiratory activity monitoring device, a central control device and a controllable ventilation device.

[0057] The respiratory rate monitoring device 200 is used to collect the respiratory rate of the monitored person.

[0058] The respiratory movement sensing device 300 is used to collect the respiratory movement of the monitored person.

[0059] Wherein, the respiratory movement sensing device 300 includes a plurality of respiratory movement sensors. Further, the respiratory movement sensing device may include a respiratory movement sensor capable of detecting respiratory movement, including but not limited to an optical sensor, a pressure sensor or a piezoelectric film sensor. A plurality of respiratory movement sensors are arranged at least at the thorax, the suprasternal fossa, the supraclavicular fossa on both sides and the intercostal spaces on both sides of the monitored person, for sensing whether there is abnormal chest fluctuation (too deep), so as to find out whether there is a typical "three-concave sign" phenomenon (i.e., suprasternal concave, supraclavicular concave, and intercostal space concave), and for judging whether there is work of breathing when the oxygen saturation is normal.

[0060] When the respiratory movement sensor is a pressure sensor or a piezoelectric film sensor, it can be built into a chest strap as a chest strap sensor and worn around the chest of the monitored person to detect the expansion and contraction of the chest, thereby measuring the respiratory movement. The pressure sensor or piezoelectric film sensor (for example, a sensor based on PVDF material) can also be designed as a patch to be attached to the position to be measured on the chest of the monitored person, and reflect the expansion and contraction amplitude of the chest of the measured area by capturing the pressure change during breathing or the vibration during breathing, thereby measuring the respiratory movement.

[0061] When an optical sensor (e.g., an LED sensor) is used, the fluctuation of the chest can be sensed by optical principles and converted into an electrical signal, which is then sent to a control device wirelessly or wired, and a computing unit in the central control device calculates the respiratory rate and respiratory activity. Therefore, when an optical sensor is used, respiratory rate monitoring and respiratory activity monitoring can be achieved simultaneously.

[0062] Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children of the present invention may only include an oxygen saturation monitoring device, an optical respiratory sensor, a central control device, and a controllable ventilation device. In this embodiment, a plurality of optical respiratory sensors may be arranged at the positions of the thorax, the suprasternal fossa, the supraclavicular fossa on both sides, and the intercostal spaces on both sides of the monitored person, preferably at least at the suprasternal fossa, the supraclavicular fossa, and the intercostal spaces.

[0063] The central control device 400 is used to send a breathing mode control signal to the controllable ventilation device 500 based on the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device 100, the breathing rate data obtained by the breathing rate monitoring device 200, and the breathing movement data obtained by the breathing movement sensing device 300, so as to control the controllable ventilation device 500 to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing mode.

[0064] Further, the central control device can be a device capable of data exchange, data communication and execution of specific control functions, including but not limited to a central workstation, a personal general-purpose computer, a single-chip microcomputer, an industrial computer or a terminal device (e.g., a PAD, a PDA or an intelligent mobile computing device). Preferably, the central control device can be a central workstation or server in the ICU control center with control software installed, or a terminal device with a control application installed. The ICU control center usually includes various monitors, a central workstation, a server, a nurse workstation, a network switch, an alarm and a sensor, a video monitoring system, communication equipment for instant communication such as an intercom, a telephone, etc., a power management system such as a UPS, various medical equipment interfaces, an environmental monitoring system for monitoring and adjusting temperature, humidity and air quality, etc., printing and scanning equipment, etc.

[0065] The controllable ventilation device 500 is used to support the breathing of the monitored person.

[0066] Specifically, the above-mentioned monitored persons can be critically ill children who need to continuously monitor changes in their condition in the ICU ward, preferably children with severe pneumonia or children with lung infections, especially infants under 3 years old. In addition, the night respiratory management system for critically ill children described in the present invention can be placed in the ICU ward as an ICU automatic respiratory management device.

[0067] The breathing modes include a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and the oxygen inhalation mode includes a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the controllable ventilation device 500 includes a breathing mask, and the breathing mask specifically includes:

[0069] The mask body is provided with an oxygen source interface 510 for connecting to an external oxygen source, a vent 520 and a breathing window 530 for covering the vent. An oxygen storage bag 540 is also provided at the oxygen source interface. Figure 2 The middle breathing window 530 is in a fully closed state (in order to distinguish other structures, the breathing window 530 is shown in black in the figure). The various working states of the breathing window are shown in the following Figure 3-Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0070] According to a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the breathing window is configured as a shutter structure, and the shutter structure specifically includes:

[0071] A shutter main frame, the shutter main frame is adapted to the vent hole, and the shutter main frame is provided with a plurality of blades 531 arranged in parallel;

[0072] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the blade 531 and is used to control the blade 531 to rotate so as to adjust the inflow and outflow of the vent hole;

[0073] A microcontroller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism and is used to respond to a control signal from the central control device to control the action of the driving mechanism, thereby adjusting the working state of the breathing window.

[0074] Furthermore, the microcontroller can calculate the motion parameters of the drive motor according to a preset control logic. The microcontroller can be an STC89C52 or other high-performance microcontroller, preferably a programmable controller that can run a fuzzy-PI control algorithm.

[0075] Wherein, the driving mechanism specifically includes:

[0076] A driving motor, wherein the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the blade 531;

[0077] A reduction device is connected between the output shaft of the drive motor and the blade 531, and is used to reduce the rotation speed of the drive motor.

[0078] Wherein, the breathing window also includes:

[0079] The wireless communication unit is used to receive wireless control signals. The wireless communication can be selected from various modules with wireless communication functions such as various Bluetooth modules, zigBee modules, wifi modules and cellular modules.

[0080] A position sensor is installed on the main frame of the shutter, and is used to detect the position of the blade 531 and feed back the position information of the blade 531 to the microcontroller. The microcontroller adjusts and controls the angle of the blade 531 according to the fed back position information.

[0081] Wherein, the blade is made of a flexible material, the flexible material is a polymer material, and the flexible polymer material includes polyurethane, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0082] Furthermore, the shutter blades on the breathing window are made of a flexible material with good flexibility. When the shutter blades are completely closed, they can also be deformed by the patient's exhalation to facilitate the discharge of carbon dioxide. The purpose is to enable the patient to exhale carbon dioxide during high-flow oxygen inhalation. When inhaling, since the shutter is in a closed state, it is beneficial to maintain a high concentration of oxygen in the mask. When exhaling, the exhaled airflow opens the soft shutter blades, thereby achieving the discharge of carbon dioxide.

[0083] In addition, the above-mentioned drive motor, wireless communication unit, microcontroller, etc. can be installed in a shell, and the shell can be fixed next to the breathing window on the breathing mask. A built-in power supply can also be provided in the shell to power devices such as the drive motor, the reduction device, the wireless communication module and the microcontroller. The built-in power supply is a micro battery. Alternatively, the various devices in the shell are connected to an external power supply via cables and powered by the external power supply.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the breathing window may further include a protective cover, which covers the outer side of the shutter body to protect the blades and the driving mechanism. Furthermore, the protective cover may also cover the shell.

[0085] Figure 3-Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of various working states of the breathing window 530 is shown. The working states of the breathing window 530 include:

[0086] The first state is a fully open state, corresponding to a free breathing mode. When the breathing window 530 is in the first state, the blades form an angle of 90 degrees with the plane where the main frame of the shutter is located.

[0087] Furthermore, when the respiratory management system for critically ill children is working at night, the system defaults to the controllable ventilation device being in free breathing mode. In the free breathing mode, the shutter blades on the breathing window of the controllable ventilation device are at a 90° angle to the plane of the shutter main frame (i.e., the plane of the ventilating hole), such as Figure 3 As shown, 531 in the figure shows only the blades on the bottom surface, at this time, the blades are perpendicular to the shutter frame, so that the breathing window is in a fully open state, providing the best ventilation effect. At this time, the child can breathe air from the outside through the ventilator holes of the controllable ventilation device.

[0088] The second state is a semi-open state, corresponding to a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window 530 is in the second state, the blades are at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane where the main frame of the shutter is located.

[0089] Furthermore, when the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person (child) to the oxygen inhalation mode and sends a corresponding control signal to the controllable ventilation device, the shutter blades on the breathing window of the controllable ventilation device are tilted 45° relative to the main frame, such as Figure 4 When switching from free breathing mode to oxygen inhalation mode, the oxygen inhalation mode system defaults to low-flow oxygen inhalation mode. In this mode, the child can exhale carbon dioxide to the outside through the shutters. At the same time, due to the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode, the semi-open state of the breathing window also makes it easier to control the oxygen concentration in the mask from being too high.

[0090] The third state is a closed state, corresponding to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window 530 is in the third state, the blades are coplanar with the shutter main frame. Figure 5 As shown, the shutter main body frame covers the breathing window 530 and closes the vent hole 520 to form a closed structure.

[0091] Furthermore, when the central control device sends a control signal to the controllable ventilation device to switch to the high-flow oxygen inhalation mode, the microcontroller of the breathing window on the controllable ventilation device controls the rotation of the shutter blades to be in the same plane as the plane of the shutter main frame, so that the breathing window is in a closed state. This closed state can ensure that a high concentration of oxygen is maintained in the mask. At the same time, because the blades of the shutter are made of a softer polymer material, when the child exhales, the exhaled airflow can cause the blades to deform, and the exhaled airflow is discharged to the outside of the body through the gaps of the deformed blades. This structure uses a very simple design to cleverly achieve the respiratory management of children in three breathing modes to ensure the implementation of various respiratory intervention plans.

[0092] Based on the breathing mask shown in the above embodiment of the present invention, the central control device 400 is configured as follows:

[0093] Receiving real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person collected by the oxygen saturation monitoring device 100, and comparing the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold to obtain an oxygen saturation comparison result for switching the breathing mode of the monitored person;

[0094] Receive the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person collected by the respiratory rate monitoring device 200, and compare the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value. If the real-time respiratory rate data is greater than the second threshold value, start the timer built into the control device to record the number of breaths in the timing period and convert it into a corrected respiratory rate value, and compare the corrected respiratory rate value in the timing period with the second threshold value again to obtain a corrected respiratory rate comparison result;

[0095] The respiratory movement data from the respiratory movement sensing device 300 is received to obtain a respiratory movement determination result to determine whether there is respiratory movement abnormality.

[0096] Based on the received oxygen saturation comparison result, the corrected respiratory rate comparison result and the respiratory movement judgment result, the central control device 400 switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode according to the preset oxygen inhalation flow switching condition, and simultaneously sends control signals to the control valve or flow meter on the controllable ventilation device 500 and the external oxygen source. After receiving the control signal, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device 500 puts the breathing window 530 in the third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device 500.

[0097] In addition, based on the respiratory movement sensing device 300 shown in the above embodiment of the present invention, the respiratory movement sensing device 300 includes a plurality of respiratory movement sensors for being placed on the chest, clavicle and intercostal space of the monitored person.

[0098] When at least one of the respiratory movements at the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and intercostal space is greater than a third threshold, preferably when the respiratory movements at the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa and intercostal space are all greater than the third threshold, the respiratory movement is judged to be abnormal.

[0099] Among them, the preset oxygen flow switching condition is: if the oxygen saturation is less than the first threshold, the corrected respiratory frequency value is greater than the second threshold, and at least two of the respiratory movement abnormalities exist, the central control device 400 switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode.

[0100] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0101] The control function and control method of the nighttime breathing management system for critically ill children of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the above-mentioned nighttime breathing management system for critically ill children.

[0102] According to a nocturnal breathing management system for critically ill children provided by the present invention, the central control device can be further configured to: receive real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person collected by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, and compare the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold value to switch the breathing mode of the monitored person. Specifically, when the real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person is less than the first threshold value, the breathing mode of the monitored person is switched from the free breathing mode to the oxygen inhalation mode. Preferably, the oxygen inhalation mode at this time defaults to the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

[0103] In one embodiment, when the real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person is greater than a first threshold value (i.e., the oxygen saturation of the monitored person is normal), the control device receives the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person collected by the respiratory rate monitoring device, and compares the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value to start the respiratory activity monitoring device. Specifically, when the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person is greater than the second threshold value, the second threshold value can be set according to the age of the child according to the following principle: 60 times / minute for infants and young children aged 2 months, 50 times / minute for infants aged 2-12 months, 40 times / minute for infants aged 1-5 years, and 30 times / minute for infants aged 5 years and above. When the respiratory rate is greater than the threshold value and is judged as shortness of breath, the control device sends a respiratory activity monitoring device start control signal to the respiratory activity monitoring device to collect the real-time respiratory activity data of the monitored person, and at the same time starts the built-in timer of the control device to record the number of breaths within the timing period (preferably, the timing period is 1 minute) and convert it into a corrected respiratory rate value (i.e., the number of breaths per minute), and compares the respiratory rate value within the timing period with the second threshold value again.

[0104] If at least two of the following exist: the oxygen saturation is less than a first threshold, the corrected respiratory rate value is greater than a second threshold, and the respiratory movement is abnormal (i.e., at least one of the respiratory movement at the supraclavicular fossa, suprasternal fossa, and intercostal space exceeds a third threshold), the central control device switches the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode, and simultaneously sends control signals to the control valves or flow meters on the controllable ventilation device and the external oxygen source. After receiving the control signal, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device closes the shutter blades to put the breathing window in a closed state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device (for example, the oxygen storage bag connected to the oxygen source interface on the controllable ventilation device is automatically inflated).

[0105] In a specific embodiment, the first threshold is set at 95%. Generally speaking, for children with severe pneumonia, their oxygen saturation should be above 95%, and maintaining or approaching this level is essential to ensure the function of their important organs. When the oxygen saturation data is greater than or equal to 95%, it means that the child's oxygenation capacity is relatively good and only requires a lower flow of oxygen support; when the oxygen saturation data is less than 95%, it indicates that the child is at risk of hypoxia and needs to increase oxygen supply to improve oxygenation; and the value of the third threshold can be determined through experience or multiple experiments based on specific respiratory movement measurement instruments and methods.

[0106] In addition, the nocturnal respiratory management system for children with severe pneumonia of the present invention may also include an alarm device, which responds to a control signal from the central control device and sends an alarm signal to the alarm device according to a preset alarm triggering rule.

[0107] In one embodiment, the preset alarm triggering rules may include, but are not limited to, one or more of oxygen saturation less than a first threshold, a corrected respiratory rate value greater than a second threshold, and abnormal respiratory movement. Preferably, the alarm device can be implemented by a watch or smart phone worn on the wrist of the medical staff on duty. When all three alarm triggering rules exist, the central control device sends an alarm signal to the watch or smart phone through the wireless communication module. When the watch or smart phone receives the alarm signal, it reminds the medical staff through touch or sound to seek more advanced respiratory support measures.

[0108] The alarm device may be a visual alarm, including but not limited to a device that alerts the user through a visual signal, for example, a lighting device such as a light bulb that alerts the user through a flashing light; a display screen that displays an alarm message. In another specific embodiment, the alarm device may also be an auditory alarm, for example, a buzzer or siren that alerts the user through sound. In yet another specific embodiment, the alarm device may also be a tactile alarm that alerts the user through touch (e.g., vibration). Accordingly, in some embodiments, the alarm signal may be a visual alarm signal, an auditory alarm signal, or a tactile alarm signal.

[0109] Generally speaking, in the monitoring link, the system of the present invention simultaneously provides an oxygen saturation monitoring device, a respiratory rate monitoring device and a respiratory activity sensing device, which comprehensively reflects the respiratory condition and work done by the child. In addition, the respiratory rate is regularly measured by a timer to correct the respiratory rate value to avoid erroneous display and false alarms of the monitor, which is more conducive to realizing automatic respiratory management at night and reducing ineffective intervention by the on-duty personnel.

[0110] Secondly, in the analysis phase, the present invention judges the monitoring data based on the preset threshold value. For example, when the oxygen saturation data is greater than or equal to the first threshold value (such as 95%), it is considered that the patient's current breathing state is good and oxygen can be supplied at a lower flow rate (such as less than 5L / min); when the oxygen saturation data is lower than the first threshold value, the oxygen supply flow rate is increased (such as greater than or equal to 5L / min). In addition, the data of respiratory frequency and respiratory activity can also be combined to ensure that the most reasonable oxygen supply plan can be provided under different respiratory states.

[0111] Finally, in the control link, the central control device is used as the brain of the entire system. According to the comprehensive monitoring data and analysis results, the controllable ventilation device sends a control signal, and the controllable ventilation device automatically switches the patient's breathing mode according to the received signal, such as switching from a free breathing mode to a low-flow or high-flow oxygen inhalation mode. In particular, the present invention also provides a breathing mask with a shutter structure, which controls the rotation angle of the blades through a microcontroller and carefully selects the blade materials, and cleverly adopts a simple design to achieve automatic switching of the three breathing modes.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, characterized in that: include: An oxygen saturation monitoring device, used to collect oxygen saturation data of a monitored person; A respiratory rate monitoring device, used to collect the respiratory rate of the monitored person; A respiratory movement sensing device, used to collect the respiratory movement of the monitored person; A controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the person being tested; A central control device, configured to send a breathing mode control signal to the controllable ventilation device according to the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, the breathing rate data obtained by the breathing rate monitoring device, and the breathing movement data obtained by the breathing movement sensing device, so as to control the controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing mode; Wherein, the controllable ventilation device comprises a breathing mask, and the breathing mask comprises: a mask body, the mask body is provided with an oxygen source interface for connecting an external oxygen source, a vent, and a breathing window for covering the vent; The breathing window is configured as a shutter structure, and the shutter structure comprises: a shutter main body frame, the shutter main body frame is adapted to the vent hole, and a plurality of parallel blades are arranged on the shutter main body frame; a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the blades and is used to control the blades to rotate so as to adjust the inlet and outlet flow of the vent hole; a microcontroller, the microcontroller is electrically connected to the driving mechanism and is used to respond to the control signal of the central control device to control the action of the driving mechanism to adjust the working state of the breathing window; The breathing window responds to the breathing mode control signal of the central control device, and the breathing window acts synchronously according to the breathing mode indicated in the breathing mode control signal to adjust the working state, and the working state includes: The first state corresponds to the free breathing mode. When the breathing window is in the first state, the blades are at a 90-degree angle to the plane where the main frame of the shutter is located; the second state corresponds to the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window is in the second state, the blades are at a 45-degree angle to the plane where the main frame of the shutter is located; the third state corresponds to the high-flow oxygen inhalation mode. When the breathing window is in the third state, the blades are coplanar with the main frame of the shutter, so that the main frame of the shutter covers the breathing window and closes the vent.

2. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breathing mode includes a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and the oxygen inhalation mode includes a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

3. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control device is configured to: receiving real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person collected by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, and comparing the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold to obtain an oxygen saturation comparison result for switching the breathing mode of the monitored person; Receiving real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person collected by the respiratory rate monitoring device, and comparing the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value, if the real-time respiratory rate data is greater than the second threshold value, simultaneously starting the timer built into the control device to record the number of breaths within the timing period and converting it into a corrected respiratory rate value, and comparing the corrected respiratory rate value within the timing period with the second threshold value again to obtain a corrected respiratory rate comparison result; Respiratory movement data from the respiratory movement sensing device is received, and a respiratory movement determination result is obtained to determine whether there is respiratory movement abnormality.

4. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the received oxygen saturation comparison result, the corrected respiratory rate comparison result and the respiratory movement judgment result, the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode according to the preset oxygen inhalation flow switching conditions, and simultaneously sends control signals to the control valves or flow meters on the controllable ventilation device and the external oxygen source. After receiving the control signal, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device puts the breathing window in the third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device.

5. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The respiratory movement sensing device is configured as a plurality of respiratory movement sensors, and the plurality of respiratory movement sensors are placed at the chest, clavicle and intercostal space of the monitored person.

6. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to claim 5, characterized in that: When at least one of the respiratory movements at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is greater than a third threshold, it is determined that the respiratory movement is abnormal.

7. A nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preset oxygen flow switching condition is: if the oxygen saturation is less than a first threshold, the corrected respiratory frequency value is greater than a second threshold, and at least two of the respiratory movement abnormalities exist, the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode.

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