A high overload loading device based on reverse braking

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing and discloses a high-overload loading device based on reverse braking. The device comprises a gas generator, a pressure relief device, a projectile, and a guide tube. The projectile is disposed within a protective magazine, which is sealed and connected to the guide tube at the end of the pressure relief device away from the gas generator. A gas-filling acceleration device is provided on the sidewall of the guide tube. An exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected to the exhaust section are provided within the guide tube. The reverse braking loading section within the guide tube is provided with a primary reverse overload loading structure and a secondary reverse overload loading structure, wherein the platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure is greater than that of the primary reverse overload loading structure. The projectile and the protective magazine, propelled by the gas from the gas generator, collide with the primary reverse overload loading mechanism and the secondary reverse overload loading structure, and reverse overload is achieved through the collision. The device achieves high overload and high safety through reverse braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing, and in particular relates to a high overload loading device based on reverse braking. Background Art

[0002] During missile launch and penetration, electronic equipment onboard a missile often experiences shocks lasting milliseconds and exceeding tens of thousands of g's (unit gravity acceleration), potentially causing failure of electronic components or structures within the ammunition system. To fully verify the reliability of missile-borne equipment during the development phase and mitigate risks during actual deployment, appropriate shock testing is required to assess its performance and survivability in high-shock environments. Currently, traditional high-g acceleration devices typically directly accelerate the object requiring high acceleration using a power source (such as high-pressure gas, gunpowder, or electromagnetic force). These solutions all directly accelerate the object under test. Using electromagnetic force requires the system to generate extremely large thrust, potentially reaching several gigawatts, resulting in extremely large equipment and high costs. Using high-pressure gas or gunpowder requires ultrahigh pressure to achieve high-g loading, but this cannot be sustained and compromises test safety. Furthermore, to accurately obtain test data and prevent damage to missile-borne equipment, a non-destructive recovery system is often required. However, the reverse g-load a missile can withstand is typically much smaller than the forward acceleration overload, significantly increasing the difficulty of non-destructive recovery design. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a high overload loading device based on reverse braking that achieves high overload and high safety. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A high overload loading device based on reverse braking, comprising a gas generator, a pressure relief device, a projectile and a guide tube.

[0005] The projectile is arranged in a protective magazine, and the protective magazine is sealed and connected to the guide tube at the end of the pressure relief device away from the gas generator;

[0006] An air supply acceleration device is provided on the side wall of the guide cylinder;

[0007] An exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected to the exhaust section are provided in the guide cylinder;

[0008] The reverse braking loading section in the guide cylinder is provided with a first-level reverse overload loading structure and a second-level reverse overload loading structure, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure;

[0009] The projectile and the protective magazine are pushed by the gas of the gas generator to collide with the first-level reverse overload loading mechanism and the second-level reverse overload loading structure and realize reverse overload by the collision.

[0010] In one embodiment, a rigid isolation plate is provided between the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, an exhaust hole is provided in the guide cylinder at the reverse braking loading section and a recoil support structure is provided at the tail end thereof.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm or a shear ring, a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring, and a sealing groove is provided on the periphery of the protective magazine for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sum of the masses of the primary reverse overload loading structure, the secondary reverse overload loading structure, and the rigid isolation plate is less than the sum of the masses of the projectile and the protective magazine.

[0014] In one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures, or origami structures.

[0015] In one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are both structures of uniform cross-section.

[0016] In one embodiment, a heating tube is provided in the gas generator for heating the gas source in the gas generator, an injection tube is provided at the end of the gas generator for adding the gas source medium, and the pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50 MPa.

[0017] In one embodiment, the gas source medium is solid CO2 or liquid CO2, and the heating tube is an electric heating tube, which converts solid CO2 or liquid CO2 into supercritical CO2 by constant volume, temperature and pressure increase through electric heating.

[0018] In one embodiment, a control system is further included for controlling the release sequence of the gas generator and the gas supplementation acceleration device.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the high-overload loading device based on reverse braking, a gas generator provides initial thrust for the projectile and protective magazine. When the pressure of the gas generator reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief device, it ruptures and rapidly releases pressure into the guide tube, accelerating the projectile and protective magazine together. Within the guide tube, a gas-supplementing acceleration device continues to provide thrust for the projectile. After the projectile and protective magazine enter the reverse braking high-overload loading section, the exhaust section rapidly discharges the high-pressure gas at their rear ends. After reaching a preset speed, the projectile and protective magazine collide with the primary and secondary reverse overload loading structures, with the platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure being greater than that of the primary reverse overload loading structure. The primary reverse overload loading structure is used to achieve overload curves with different rising edges for the projectile and protective magazine. Further compression of the secondary reverse overload loading structure generates a stable reverse overload, ultimately stopping in the reverse braking loading section. The above-mentioned device achieves high-overload loading through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. It can accelerate the projectile to a higher speed through a lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is less than 50Mpa, and the pressure of the gas generator can be controlled to about 20Mpa by extending the length of the guide tube) and a longer stroke, and achieve reverse overload through impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, while improving the test safety. During the forward acceleration process, the present invention can use medium and low pressure gas acceleration according to the required acceleration distance, and reverse braking is performed after reaching the set speed to achieve high-overload loading. After loading is completed, the speed of the object under test will drop to zero, and no additional non-destructive recovery system is required. The safety of the entire test process will be significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a high overload loading device based on reverse braking in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high overload loading device based on reverse braking in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more comprehensive and detailed form below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0026] See also Figure 1-2 A high-G loading device based on reverse braking comprises a gas generator 1, a pressure relief device 2, a protective magazine 3, a projectile 4, and a guide tube 5. The gas generator 1 and the guide tube 5 are sealed together, with the pressure relief device 2 positioned between the gas generator 1 and the projectile 4. The projectile 4 is positioned within the protective magazine 3, which is sealed to the guide tube 5 at the end of the pressure relief device 2 away from the gas generator 1. An air supply acceleration device 6 is provided on the sidewall of the guide tube 5. An exhaust section 7 and a reverse braking loading section 10 connected thereto are provided within the guide tube 5. The reverse braking loading section 10 within the guide tube 5 is equipped with a primary reverse overload loading structure 8 and a secondary reverse overload loading structure 11. The platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than that of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8. Propelled by the gas from the gas generator, the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 collide with the primary reverse overload loading mechanism 8 and the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11, achieving high-G acceleration motion through reverse braking.

[0027] In the high-overload loading device based on reverse braking, a gas generator 1 provides initial thrust for the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4. When the pressure in the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief device 2, it ruptures and rapidly releases pressure into the guide tube 5, accelerating the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 together. Within the guide tube 5, a gas-supply acceleration device 6 continues to provide thrust to the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. After the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 enter the reverse braking high-overload loading section 10, the high-pressure gas at their rear end is rapidly discharged through the exhaust section 7. After reaching a predetermined speed, the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 collide with the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 and the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11. The platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than that of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8. The primary reverse overload loading structure 8 creates overload curves with different rising edges for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. Further compression of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 generates a stable reverse overload, ultimately stopping in the reverse braking loading section 10. By adopting the above-mentioned device, high overload loading is achieved through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. The projectile 4 can be accelerated to a higher speed by lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50 MPa, and the pressure of the gas generator 1 can be controlled to about 20 MPa by extending the length of the guide tube 5) and a longer stroke, and reverse overload is achieved by impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, and the test safety is improved.

[0028] Specifically, in one embodiment, a heating tube is provided within the gas generator 1 for heating the gas source within the gas generator 1. An injection tube is provided at the end of the gas generator 1 for adding the gas source medium. The pressure of the gas generator is less than 50 MPa. In one embodiment, the heating tube is an electric heating tube, which converts solid CO2 or liquid CO2 into supercritical CO2 through constant volume, temperature, and pressure increase by electric heating. The gas source can be solid CO2 or liquid CO2, which is heated by the electric heating tube built into the gas generator 1. Electric heating is a physical process, and no chemical reaction occurs during the process of converting the CO2 medium from low pressure to ultra-high pressure. Compared to gunpowder or other chemical exothermic agents that are prone to generating high-temperature gases or corrosive substances, the use of electric heating ensures a clean and pollution-free process, which not only increases the service life of the launch tube and high-pressure container but also reduces maintenance costs. Furthermore, it offers the advantages of reusability and controllable energy output.

[0029] When the temperature and pressure of CO2 reach above the critical point (7.38MPa, 31.3℃), it will enter a supercritical state. At this time, CO2 is in a gaseous state with a density close to that of a liquid, a viscosity close to that of a gas, and a diffusion coefficient between that of a gas and a liquid. The property of CO2 directly transforming from a solid or liquid state to a supercritical state can achieve greater power density energy storage, thereby reducing the space required for installation. In addition, the use of solid CO2 or liquid CO2 to maintain a normal pressure state during filling also improves operational safety during the filling process. Furthermore, the use of electric heating to transform CO2 from a solid or liquid state to a supercritical state has the characteristics of reusability, precise and controllable heat energy release, high safety, and good cleanliness of the emission medium compared to chemical heating agents (such as gunpowder).

[0030] Specifically, in one embodiment, the pressure relief device 2 is a pressure relief diaphragm or shear ring with a prefabricated groove. The pressure within the gas generator 1 is sealed and held in place until the pressure reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief diaphragm or shear ring. When the pressure within the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief diaphragm or shear ring, the pressure relief diaphragm or shear ring ruptures along the prefabricated groove, rapidly releasing pressure into the guide cylinder 5.

[0031] Specifically, in one embodiment, the protective magazine 3 provides protection for the projectile 4 and directly bears the gas thrust and braking reaction force. A sealing groove is provided on the periphery of the protective magazine 3 for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder 5.

[0032] Specifically, in one embodiment, the air-compensating acceleration devices 6 are disposed on the sidewalls of the guide tube 5, with their number and spacing determined according to specific operating conditions. The air-compensating acceleration devices 6 continuously provide propulsion power to the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4 during the initial acceleration process, thereby enabling them to reach a relatively high initial velocity.

[0033] Specifically, in one embodiment, the protective magazine 3 is configured such that the projectile 4 is accelerated by the gas generator 1 and the gas-supplementing accelerator 6 and strikes the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 at a predetermined speed. After the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4 strike the primary reverse overload loading structure 8, the high-pressure gas at the rear end of the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4 is rapidly discharged through the exhaust section 7 to prevent the propulsion power of the gas generator 1 and the gas-supplementing accelerator 6 from affecting the acceleration and velocity control of the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4.

[0034] Specifically, in one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 comprises a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure, or other lightweight, high-strength lattice structure. This structure has a low platform stress, providing a cushioning effect during the initial impact phase. Loading structures of varying cross-sectional areas or densities can be configured as needed to achieve overload curves with varying ramp-up times, such as a slow initial ramp followed by a rapid increase.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, the rigid isolation plate 9 is disposed at the tail of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 to prevent the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 from directly offsetting the buffering loading effect of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 .

[0036] Specifically, in one embodiment, the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 can be a honeycomb structure, a thin-walled cylindrical structure, a thin-walled square hole structure, an origami structure, or other lightweight, high-strength lattice structure. The secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 has a higher platform stress than the primary reverse overload loading structure 8, enabling stable, long-term loading during an impact.

[0037] Preferably, the sum of the masses of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8, the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 and the rigid isolation plate 9 is smaller than the sum of the masses of the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3, thereby reducing the impact of mass changes on acceleration.

[0038] Specifically, in one embodiment, the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 and the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 are both structures of equal cross-section, which can more easily calculate relevant parameters such as platform stress and crushing force.

[0039] Specifically, in one embodiment, a bottom support plate 12 is provided at the tail end of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11, and a recoil support structure 13 is provided at the bottom support plate 12 to provide recoil support for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 during reverse braking high overload loading.

[0040] Preferably, a plurality of exhaust holes are provided near the recoil support structure 13 of the guide cylinder 5 to avoid a situation where the overload value is too large due to air accumulation.

[0041] In one embodiment, a control system is further included to control the release sequence of the gas generator 1 and the gas replenishment acceleration device 6 .

[0042] In the aforementioned high-overload loading device based on reverse braking, the gas generator 1 provides initial thrust for the protective magazine 3 and projectile 4. When the pressure in the gas generator 1 reaches the limit pressure of the pressure relief device 2, it ruptures and rapidly releases pressure into the guide tube 5, accelerating the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 together. Within the guide tube 5, the gas replenishment acceleration device 6 continues to provide propulsion for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. After the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 enter the reverse braking high-overload loading section 10, the exhaust section 7 rapidly exhausts the high-pressure gas at their rear end. After reaching a predetermined speed, the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3 collide with the primary reverse overload loading structure 8 and the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11. The platform stress of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 is greater than that of the primary reverse overload loading structure 8. The primary reverse overload loading structure 8 creates overload curves with different rising edges for the projectile 4 and the protective magazine 3. Further compression of the secondary reverse overload loading structure 11 generates a stable reverse overload, ultimately stopping in the reverse braking loading section 10. The above-mentioned device achieves high overload loading through reverse braking, which reduces the requirements for the initial loading power source of the gas generator. The projectile 4 can be accelerated to a higher speed by using a lower pressure (the pressure of the gas generator is less than 50 MPa, and the pressure of the gas generator 1 can be controlled to about 20 MPa by extending the length of the guide tube 5) and a longer stroke, and reverse overload is achieved by impact, avoiding the use of ultra-high pressure devices during the acceleration process. Therefore, the sealing requirements for the entire device are greatly reduced, and the test safety is improved. During the forward acceleration process, the present invention can use medium and low pressure gas to accelerate according to the required acceleration distance, and reverse braking can be performed after reaching the set speed to achieve high overload loading. After loading is completed, the speed of the object under test will drop to zero, and no additional non-destructive recovery system needs to be configured. The safety of the entire test process will be significantly improved.

Claims

1. A high overload loading device based on reverse braking, comprising a gas generator, a pressure relief device, a projectile and a guide tube, characterized in that: The projectile is arranged in a protective magazine, and the protective magazine is sealed and connected to the guide tube at the end of the pressure relief device away from the gas generator; An air supply acceleration device is provided on the side wall of the guide cylinder; An exhaust section and a reverse braking loading section connected to the exhaust section are provided in the guide cylinder; The reverse braking loading section in the guide cylinder is provided with a first-level reverse overload loading structure and a second-level reverse overload loading structure, and the platform stress of the second-level reverse overload loading structure is greater than the platform stress of the first-level reverse overload loading structure; The projectile and the protective magazine are pushed by the gas of the gas generator to collide with the first-level reverse overload loading mechanism and the second-level reverse overload loading structure and realize reverse overload by the collision.

2. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rigid isolation plate is provided between the first-level reverse overload loading structure and the second-level reverse overload loading structure.

3. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust hole is provided in the guide cylinder at the reverse braking loading section and a recoil support structure is provided at the tail end thereof.

4. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief device is a pressure relief diaphragm or a shear ring, and a prefabricated groove is provided on the pressure relief diaphragm or the shear ring. A sealing groove is provided on the periphery of the protective magazine for sealingly connecting the guide cylinder.

5. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sum of the masses of the first-level reverse overload loading structure, the second-level reverse overload loading structure and the rigid isolation plate is less than the sum of the masses of the projectile and the protective magazine.

6. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary reverse overload loading structure and the secondary reverse overload loading structure are honeycomb structures, thin-walled cylindrical structures, thin-walled square hole structures or origami structures.

7. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first-level reverse overload loading structure and the second-level reverse overload loading structure are equal-section structures.

8. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas generator is provided with a heating tube for heating the gas source in the gas generator. The end of the gas generator is provided with an injection tube for adding the gas source medium. The pressure of the gas generator is lower than 50Mpa.

9. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas source medium is solid CO2 or liquid CO2, and the heating tube is an electric heating tube, which converts solid CO2 or liquid CO2 into supercritical CO2 by constant volume, temperature and pressure increase through electric heating.

10. The high overload loading device based on reverse braking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The utility model also includes a control system for controlling the release sequence of the gas generator and the gas supplement acceleration device.

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