Uplink carrier scheduling

Abstract

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with scheduling between uplink carriers and / or uplink transmissions are described herein. A maximum number of carriers may be prioritized for transmission at a transmission time. It may be determined which carrier (s) to prioritize based on the cell type associated with the carrier and / or based on the time at which the UL grant DCI was received on the associated carrier (e.g., relative to the transmit time at which other UL grant DCI was received). The WTRU may transmit a respective physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission via each prioritized carrier using a resource associated with a respective CG of each prioritized carrier.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 335,441, filed on April 27, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Background Art

[0003] Wireless communications may be performed using multiple carriers, such as multiple uplink carriers. Transmission switching schemes may be implemented across multiple frequency bands, and the number of frequency bands may exceed the number of simultaneous transmissions that a device is capable of performing. Systems and methods for improving the use of multiple carriers may be needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] Systems, methods, and apparatus associated with prioritizing between uplink carriers and / or uplink transmissions are described herein.

[0005] A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information indicating a plurality of configuration grants (CGs). The plurality of CGs may include a first CG associated with a first cell and a first carrier, a second CG associated with a second cell and a second carrier, a third CG associated with a second cell and a third carrier, and a fourth CG associated with a second cell and a fourth carrier. The WTRU may receive a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission carrying a first uplink (UL) grant downlink control information (DCI) associated with a second carrier, and may receive a second PDCCH transmission carrying a second UL grant DCI associated with a third carrier.

[0006] A maximum number of carriers may be prioritized for transmission at a transmission time. Which carrier(s) to prioritize may be determined based on the cell type to which the carrier is associated and / or may be determined based on the time at which the UL grant DCI is received on the associated carrier (e.g., relative to the transmission time at which other UL grant DCIs are received). The WTRU may transmit a corresponding physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission via each prioritized carrier using resources associated with the corresponding CG of each prioritized carrier.

[0007] In an example, the WTRU may determine to prioritize a first carrier and a third carrier for transmission at a first transmission time. The determination to prioritize the first carrier may be based on the first cell type being a primary cell (PCell) type, and the determination to prioritize the second carrier may be based on the second UL grant DCI being the last DCI received before the first transmission time. At the first transmission time, the WTRU may send a first PUSCH transmission via the first carrier using resources associated with the first CG, and may send a second PUSCH transmission via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

[0008] In an example, the WTRU may determine to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier for transmission at a second transmission time. The determination to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier at the second transmission time may be based on a first UL grant DCI received on the second carrier and a second UL grant DCI received on the third carrier being the last two DCIs received before the second transmission time. At the second transmission time, the WTRU may send a third PUSCH transmission via the second carrier using resources associated with the second CG, and may send a fourth PUSCH transmission via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1A is a system diagram illustrating an example communication system in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented.

[0010] Figure 1B is an example of a method that can be used according to one embodiment. Figure 1A System diagram of an example wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU) for use within the communication system illustrated in FIG.

[0011] Figure 1C is an example of a method that can be used according to one embodiment. Figure 1A System diagram of an example radio access network (RAN) and an example core network (CN) used within the communication system illustrated in FIG.

[0012] Figure 1D is an example of a method that can be used according to one embodiment. Figure 1A System diagram of yet another example RAN and yet another example CN used within the communication system illustrated in .

[0013] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink carrier prioritization. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Figure 1A1 is a diagram illustrating an example communication system 100 in which one or more disclosed embodiments may be implemented. The communication system 100 may be a multiple access system that provides content such as voice, data, video, messaging, broadcast, etc. to multiple wireless users. The communication system 100 may enable multiple wireless users to access such content through sharing of system resources (including wireless bandwidth). For example, the communication system 100 may employ one or more channel access methods such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), zero tail unique word DFT spread OFDM (ZT UW DTS-s OFDM), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), resource block filtered OFDM, filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), etc.

[0015] like Figure 1A As shown, the communication system 100 may include wireless transmit / receive units (WTRUs) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, RAN 104 / 113, CN 106 / 115, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 108, Internet 110 and other networks 112, but it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments contemplate any number of WTRUs, base stations, networks, and / or network elements. Each of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may be any type of device configured to operate and / or communicate in a wireless environment. By way of example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d (any of which may be referred to as a “station” and / or “STA”) may be configured to send and / or receive wireless signals and may include user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, a subscription-based unit, a pager, a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart phone, a laptop, a netbook, a personal computer, a wireless sensor, a hotspot or Mi-Fi device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a watch or other wearable device, a head-mounted display (HMD), a vehicle, a drone, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or automated process chain environment), a consumer electronic device, a device operating on a commercial and / or industrial wireless network, etc. Any of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and 102d may be interchangeably referred to as a UE.

[0016] The communication system 100 may also include a base station 114a and / or a base station 114b. Each of the base stations 114a, 114b may be any type of device configured to wirelessly interface with at least one of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to facilitate access to one or more communication networks, such as the CN 106 / 115, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. By way of example, the base stations 114a, 114b may be a base transceiver station (BTS), a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), a Home Node B, a Home evolved Node B, a next generation Node B (gNB), an NR Node B, a site controller, an access point (AP), a wireless router, and the like. While the base stations 114a, 114b are each depicted as a single element, it should be appreciated that the base stations 114a, 114b may include any number of interconnected base stations and / or network elements.

[0017] Base station 114a may be part of RAN 104 / 113, which may also include other base stations and / or network elements (not shown), such as base station controllers (BSC), radio network controllers (RNC), relay nodes, etc. Base station 114a and / or base station 114b may be configured to send and / or receive wireless signals on one or more carrier frequencies (which may be referred to as cells (not shown)). These frequencies may be in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination of licensed and unlicensed spectrum. A cell may provide coverage of wireless services to a specific geographic area, which may be relatively fixed or may change over time. A cell may be further divided into cell sectors. For example, a cell associated with base station 114a may be divided into three sectors. Therefore, in one embodiment, base station 114a may include three transceivers, i.e., one transceiver for each sector of the cell. In an embodiment, base station 114a may employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology and may utilize multiple transceivers for each sector of the cell. For example, beamforming may be used to send and / or receive signals in a desired spatial direction.

[0018] The base stations 114a, 114b may communicate with one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d over an air interface 116, which may be any suitable wireless communication link (e.g., radio frequency (RF), microwave, centimeter wave, micrometer wave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible light, etc.). The air interface 116 may be established using any suitable radio access technology (RAT).

[0019] More specifically, as noted above, the communication system 100 may be a multiple access system and may employ one or more channel access schemes such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, etc. For example, the base station 114a in the RAN 104 / 113 and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), which may use Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to establish the air interface 115 / 116 / 117. WCDMA may include communication protocols such as High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA) and / or Evolved HSPA (HSPA+). HSPA may include High Speed ​​Downlink (DL) Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High Speed ​​UL Packet Access (HSUPA).

[0020] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) that may establish the air interface 116 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) and / or Advanced LTE (LTE-A) and / or Advanced LTE Pro (LTE-A Pro).

[0021] In an embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement a radio technology such as NR radio access, which may establish the air interface 116 using New Radio (NR).

[0022] In one embodiment, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement multiple radio access technologies. For example, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may together implement LTE radio access and NR radio access, for example using dual connectivity (DC) principles. Thus, the air interface utilized by the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be characterized by multiple types of radio access technologies and / or transmissions transmitted to / from multiple types of base stations (e.g., eNBs and gNBs).

[0023] In other embodiments, the base station 114a and the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (i.e., Wireless Fidelity (WiFi)), IEEE 802.16 (i.e., Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, Interim Standard 2000 (IS-2000), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Interim Standard 856 (IS-856), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), etc.

[0024] Figure 1A The base station 114b in the example may be, for example, a wireless router, a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or an access point, and may utilize any suitable RAT to facilitate wireless connectivity in a local area, such as a business location, a home, a vehicle, a campus, an industrial facility, an air corridor (e.g., for use by drones), a road, and the like. In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN). In one embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may implement a radio technology such as IEEE 802.15 to establish a wireless personal area network (WPAN). In another embodiment, the base station 114b and the WTRUs 102c, 102d may utilize a cellular-based RAT (e.g., WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc.) to establish a micro-micro cell base station or a femto cell base station. As Figure 1A As shown, base station 114b may have a direct connection to Internet 110. Thus, base station 114b may not need to access Internet 110 via CN 106 / 115.

[0025] The RAN 104 / 113 may be in communication with the CN 106 / 115, which may be any type of network configured to provide voice, data, applications, and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication. Although not described in detail in the text, the CN 106 / 115 may be configured to provide voice, data, applications, and / or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services to one or more of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d. The data may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different throughput requirements, latency requirements, error tolerance requirements, reliability requirements, data throughput requirements, mobility requirements, etc. The CN 106 / 115 may provide call control, billing services, mobile location-based services, prepaid calling, Internet connectivity, video distribution, etc., and / or perform high-level security functions, such as user authentication. Figure 1AAlthough not shown in the figure, it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 / 113 and / or the CN 106 / 115 may be in direct or indirect communication with other RANs that employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 113 or a different RAT. For example, in addition to being connected to the RAN 104 / 113, which may utilize NR radio technology, the CN 106 / 115 may also be in communication with another RAN (not shown) that employs GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, WiMAX, E-UTRA, or WiFi radio technology.

[0026] The CN 106 / 115 may also act as a gateway for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d to access the PSTN 108, the Internet 110, and / or other networks 112. The PSTN 108 may include a circuit-switched telephone network that provides plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 110 may include a global system of interconnected computer networks and devices that use common communication protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and / or the Internet Protocol (IP) in the TCP / IP Internet protocol suite. The networks 112 may include wired communication networks and / or wireless communication networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. For example, the networks 112 may include another CN connected to one or more RANs, which may employ the same RAT as the RAN 104 / 113 or a different RAT.

[0027] Some or all of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d in the communication system 100 may include multi-mode capabilities (e.g., the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d may include multiple transceivers for communicating with different wireless networks via different wireless links). Figure 1A The illustrated WTRU 102c may be configured to communicate with the base station 114a, which may employ a cellular-based radio technology, and with the base station 114b, which may employ an IEEE 802 radio technology.

[0028] Figure 1B is a system diagram illustrating an example WTRU 102. Figure 1B As shown, the WTRU 102 may include, among other things, a processor 118, a transceiver 120, a transmit / receive element 122, a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, a display / touchpad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, a power source 134, a global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136, and / or other peripherals 138. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may include any sub-combination of the foregoing elements while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0029] The processor 118 may be a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, a conventional processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors associated with a DSP core, a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, any other type of integrated circuit (IC), a state machine, etc. The processor 118 may perform signal decoding, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that enables the WTRU 102 to operate in a wireless environment. The processor 118 may be coupled to the transceiver 120, which may be coupled to the transmit / receive element 122. Although Figure 1B The processor 118 and the transceiver 120 are depicted as separate components, but it is understood that the processor 118 and the transceiver 120 may be integrated together in an electronic package or chip.

[0030] The send / receive element 122 may be configured to send a signal to a base station (e.g., base station 114a) or receive a signal from the base station via an air interface 116. For example, in one embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be an antenna configured to send and / or receive an RF signal. In one embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be a transmitter / detector configured to send and / or receive, for example, an IR, UV or visible light signal. In another embodiment, the send / receive element 122 may be configured to send and / or receive both an RF signal and an optical signal. It should be understood that the send / receive element 122 may be configured to send and / or receive any combination of wireless signals.

[0031] Although the transmit / receive element 122 Figure 1B Although depicted as a single element in the figure, the WTRU 102 may include any number of transmit / receive elements 122. More specifically, the WTRU 102 may employ MIMO technology. Thus, in one embodiment, the WTRU 102 may include two or more transmit / receive elements 122 (e.g., multiple antennas) for transmitting and receiving wireless signals over the air interface 116.

[0032] The transceiver 120 may be configured to modulate signals to be transmitted by the transmit / receive element 122 and to demodulate signals received by the transmit / receive element 122. As noted above, the WTRU 102 may have multi-mode capabilities. For example, the transceiver 120 may include multiple transceivers for enabling the WTRU 102 to communicate via multiple RATs, such as NR and IEEE 802.11.

[0033] The processor 118 of the WTRU 102 may be coupled to and may receive user input data from a speaker / microphone 124, a keypad 126, and / or a display / touchpad 128 (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display unit). The processor 118 may also output user data to the speaker / microphone 124, the keypad 126, and / or the display / touchpad 128. In addition, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in any type of suitable memory, such as a non-removable memory 130 and / or a removable memory 132. The non-removable memory 130 may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, or any other type of memory storage device. The removable memory 132 may include a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a memory stick, a secure digital (SD) memory card, and the like. In other embodiments, the processor 118 may access information from and store data in a memory that is not physically located on the WTRU 102, such as on a server or a home computer (not shown).

[0034] The processor 118 may receive power from the power source 134, and may be configured to distribute and / or control power to the other components in the WTRU 102. The power source 134 may be any suitable device for powering the WTRU 102. For example, the power source 134 may include one or more dry cell batteries (e.g., nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cells, fuel cells, etc.

[0035] The processor 118 may also be coupled to the GPS chipset 136, which may be configured to provide location information (e.g., longitude and latitude) regarding the current location of the WTRU 102. In addition to or in lieu of the information from the GPS chipset 136, the WTRU 102 may receive location information from a base station (e.g., base stations 114a, 114b) over the air interface 116 and / or determine its location based on the timing of signals received from two or more nearby base stations. It will be appreciated that the WTRU 102 may acquire location information by any suitable location-determination method while remaining consistent with an embodiment.

[0036] The processor 118 may also be coupled to other peripherals 138, which may include one or more software modules and / or hardware modules that provide additional features, functionality, and / or wired or wireless connectivity. For example, the peripherals 138 may include an accelerometer, an electronic compass, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera (for photos and / or video), a universal serial bus (USB) port, a vibration device, a television transceiver, a hands-free headset, module, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a digital music player, a media player, a video game player module, an Internet browser, a virtual reality and / or augmented reality (VR / AR) device, an activity tracker, etc. Peripheral device 138 may include one or more sensors, which may be one or more of the following: a gyroscope, an accelerometer, a Hall effect sensor, a magnetometer, an orientation sensor, a proximity sensor, a temperature sensor, a time sensor; a geolocation sensor; an altimeter, a light sensor, a touch sensor, a magnetometer, a barometer, a gesture sensor, a biometric sensor, and / or a humidity sensor.

[0037] The WTRU 102 may include a full-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for both UL (e.g., for transmission) and downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous. The full-duplex radio may include an interference management unit for reducing and / or substantially eliminating self-interference via signal processing performed via hardware (e.g., a choke) or via a processor (e.g., a separate processor (not shown) or via the processor 118). In an embodiment, the WRTU 102 may include a half-duplex radio for which transmission and reception of some or all signals (e.g., associated with specific subframes for both UL (e.g., for transmission) or downlink (e.g., for reception)) may be concurrent and / or simultaneous.

[0038] Figure 1C 1 is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 104 and the CN 106 in accordance with one embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 104 may employ an E-UTRA radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 104 may also be in communication with the CN 106.

[0039] The RAN 104 may include evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 104 may include any number of evolved Node-Bs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may implement MIMO technology. Thus, the evolved Node-B 160a, for example, may use multiple antennas to transmit wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a.

[0040] Each of the evolved Node Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and / or DL, etc. Figure 1C As shown, the eNode-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c may communicate with one another via an X2 interface.

[0041] Figure 1C The illustrated CN 106 may include a mobility management entity (MME) 162, a serving gateway (SGW) 164, and a packet data network (PDN) gateway (or PGW) 166. While each of the foregoing elements is depicted as part of the CN 106, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than a CN operator.

[0042] The MME 162 may be connected to each of the evolved Node-Bs 162a, 162b, 162c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface and may serve as a control node. For example, the MME 162 may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, bearer activation / deactivation, selecting a particular serving gateway during an initial attach of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, etc. The MME 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 104 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as GSM and / or WCDMA.

[0043] The SGW 164 may be connected to each of the evolved Node-Bs 160a, 160b, 160c in the RAN 104 via an S1 interface. The SGW 164 may generally route and forward user data packets to / from the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c. The SGW 164 may perform other functions, such as anchoring the user plane during inter-evolved Node-B handover, triggering paging when DL data is available for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, managing and storing the context of the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the like.

[0044] The SGW 164 may be connected to the PGW 166, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices.

[0045] The CN 106 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to circuit-switched networks, such as the PSTN 108, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and traditional land-line communications devices. For example, the CN 106 may include, or may be in communication with, an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that acts as an interface between the CN 106 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 106 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired networks and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers.

[0046] Although the WTRU Figures 1A to 1D Although described as wireless terminals, it is contemplated that in certain representative embodiments, such terminals may (eg, temporarily or permanently) use a wired communications interface with a communications network.

[0047] In a representative embodiment, the other network 112 may be a WLAN.

[0048] A WLAN in infrastructure basic service set (BSS) mode may have an access point (AP) for the BSS and one or more stations (STA) associated with the AP. The AP may have access or an interface to a distribution system (DS) or another type of wired / wireless network that carries traffic to and / or carries traffic away from the BSS. Traffic originating from outside the BSS and going to the STA may be reached by the AP and may be delivered to the STA. Traffic originating from the STA and going to a target outside the BSS may be transmitted to the AP to be delivered to the corresponding target. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be transmitted by the AP, for example, wherein the source STA may transmit traffic to the AP, and the AP may deliver traffic to the target STA. Traffic between STAs within the BSS may be considered and / or referred to as point-to-point traffic. Direct link establishment (DLS) may be utilized to transmit point-to-point traffic between the source STA and the target STA (e.g., directly between them). In certain representative embodiments, the DLS may use 802.11e DLS or 802.11z tunnel DLS (TDLS). A WLAN using an independent BSS (IBSS) mode may not have an AP, and STAs within or using the IBSS (eg, all STAs in the STA) may communicate directly with each other. The IBSS communication mode may sometimes be referred to herein as an "ad-hoc" communication mode.

[0049] When using the 802.11ac infrastructure operation mode or a similar operation mode, the AP may send a beacon on a fixed channel (such as a primary channel). The primary channel may be a fixed width (e.g., a 20 MHz wide bandwidth) or a width dynamically set via signaling. The primary channel may be a working channel of the BSS and may be used by the STA to establish a connection with the AP. In certain representative embodiments, carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) may be implemented, for example, in an 802.11 system. For CSMA / CA, a STA (e.g., each STA) (including the AP) may listen to the primary channel. If the primary channel is listened / detected and / or determined to be busy by a particular STA, the particular STA may back off. One STA (e.g., only one station) may transmit at any given time in a given BSS.

[0050] High throughput (HT) STAs may communicate using a 40 MHz wide channel, for example, via a combination of a primary 20 MHz channel and adjacent or non-adjacent 20 MHz channels to form a 40 MHz wide channel.

[0051] Very high throughput (VHT) STA can support 20MHz, 40MHz, 80MHz and / or 160MHz wide channels. 40MHz channels and / or 80MHz channels can be formed by combining continuous 20MHz channels. 160MHz channels can be formed by combining 8 continuous 20MHz channels, or by combining two non-continuous 80MHz channels (this can be called 80+80 configuration). For 80+80 configuration, after channel coding, the data can pass through a segment parser that can divide the data into two streams. Each stream can be processed by inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and time domain processing separately. These streams can be mapped to two 80MHz channels, and the data can be sent by sending STA. At the receiver of the receiving STA, the above-mentioned operation for 80+80 configuration can be reversed, and the combined data can be transmitted to the medium access control (MAC).

[0052] 802.11af and 802.11ah support operating modes below 1GHz. Channel operating bandwidths and carriers are reduced in 802.11af and 802.11ah relative to those used in 802.11n and 802.11ac. 802.11af supports 5MHz, 10MHz, and 20MHz bandwidths in the TV White Space (TVWS) spectrum, and 802.11ah supports 1MHz, 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, and 16MHz bandwidths using non-TVWS spectrum. According to a representative embodiment, 802.11ah may support instrument type control / machine type communications, such as MTC devices in macro coverage areas. MTC devices may have certain capabilities, such as limited capabilities, including support for (e.g., only support for) certain bandwidths and / or limited bandwidths. MTC devices may include batteries with battery life above a threshold (e.g., to maintain very long battery life).

[0053] WLAN systems that can support multiple channels and channel bandwidths (such as 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11af, and 802.11ah) include channels that can be designated as primary channels. The primary channel may have a bandwidth equal to the maximum common operating bandwidth supported by all STAs in the BSS. The bandwidth of the primary channel may be set and / or limited by a STA (which supports the minimum bandwidth operation mode) from all STAs operating in the BSS. In the example of 802.11ah, for STAs (e.g., MTC-type devices) that support (e.g., only support) a 1MHz mode, the primary channel may be 1MHz wide, even if the AP and other STAs in the BSS support 2MHz, 4MHz, 8MHz, 16MHz, and / or other channel bandwidth operation modes. Carrier sensing and / or network allocation vector (NAV) settings may depend on the state of the primary channel. If the primary channel is busy, for example, because a STA (which only supports a 1MHz operation mode) is sending to the AP, the entire available band may be considered busy even if most of the band remains idle and may be available.

[0054] In the United States, the available frequency band for 802.11ah is 902MHz to 928MHz. In South Korea, the available frequency band is 917.5MHz to 923.5MHz. In Japan, the available frequency band is 916.5MHz to 927.5MHz. The total bandwidth available for 802.11ah is 6MHz to 26MHz, depending on the country code.

[0055] Figure 1D 1 is a system diagram illustrating the RAN 113 and the CN 115 according to one embodiment. As noted above, the RAN 113 may employ NR radio technology to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. The RAN 113 may also be in communication with the CN 115.

[0056] The RAN 113 may include gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c, though it will be appreciated that the RAN 113 may include any number of gNBs while remaining consistent with an embodiment. The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may each include one or more transceivers for communicating with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c over the air interface 116. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement MIMO technology. For example, the gNBs 180a, 180b may utilize beamforming to send signals to and / or receive signals from the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c. Thus, the gNB 180a may, for example, use multiple antennas to send wireless signals to and / or receive wireless signals from the WTRU 102a. In one embodiment, the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement carrier aggregation technology. For example, gNB 180a may transmit multiple component carriers to WTRU 102a (not shown). A subset of these component carriers may be on unlicensed spectrum, while the remaining component carriers may be on licensed spectrum. In an embodiment, gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may implement coordinated multi-point (CoMP) technology. For example, WTRU 102a may receive coordinated transmissions from gNB 180a and gNB 180b (and / or gNB 180c).

[0057] The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using transmissions associated with parameter sets that may be scalable. For example, OFDM symbol spacing and / or OFDM subcarrier spacing may vary for different transmissions, different cells, and / or different portions of the wireless transmission spectrum. The WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using subframes or Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) of varying or scalable lengths (e.g., containing varying numbers of OFDM symbols and / or varying absolute time lengths over time).

[0058] The gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be configured to communicate with the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c in a standalone configuration and / or a non-standalone configuration. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c while not accessing other RANs (e.g., such as the eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c). In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may use one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c as mobility anchor points. In a standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate with the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c using signals in an unlicensed band. In a non-standalone configuration, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may communicate / connect with the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c while also communicating / connecting with another RAN, such as the eNodeB 160a, 160b, 160c. For example, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may implement the DC principle to communicate with one or more gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c and one or more eNodeBs 160a, 160b, 160c substantially simultaneously. In a non-standalone configuration, the eNodeB 160a, 160b, 160c may act as a mobility anchor for the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c, and the gNB 180a, 180b, 180c may provide additional coverage and / or throughput for serving the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c.

[0059] Each of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c may be associated with a particular cell (not shown) and may be configured to handle radio resource management decisions, handover decisions, scheduling of users in UL and / or DL, support of network slicing, dual connectivity, interworking between NR and E-UTRA, routing of user plane data towards a user plane function (UPF) 184a, 184b, routing of control plane information towards an access and mobility management function (AMF) 182a, 182b, etc. Figure 1D As shown, gNBs 180a, 180b, and 180c may communicate with each other via an Xn interface.

[0060] Figure 1DThe illustrated CN 115 may include at least one AMF 182a, 182b, at least one UPF 184a, 184b, at least one session management function (SMF) 183a, 183b, and possible data networks (DNs) 185a, 185b. Although each of the foregoing elements is depicted as part of the CN 115, it should be understood that any of these elements may be owned and / or operated by an entity other than the CN operator.

[0061] The AMF 182a, 182b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via the N2 interface and may act as a control node. For example, the AMF 182a, 182b may be responsible for authenticating users of the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c, support of network slicing (e.g., handling of different PDU sessions with different requirements), selecting a specific SMF 183a, 183b, management of registration areas, termination of NAS signaling, mobility management, etc. The AMF 182a, 182b may use network slicing to customize CN support for the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c based on the type of services utilized by the WTRU 102a, 102b, 102c. For example, different network slices may be established for different use cases, such as services relying on ultra-reliable low latency (URLLC) access, services relying on enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) access, services for machine type communication (MTC) access, etc. The AMF 162 may provide a control plane function for switching between the RAN 113 and other RANs (not shown) that employ other radio technologies, such as LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, and / or non-3GPP access technologies, such as WiFi.

[0062] The SMF 183a, 183b may be connected to the AMF 182a, 182b in the CN 115 via the N11 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may also be connected to the UPF 184a, 184b in the CN 115 via the N4 interface. The SMF 183a, 183b may select and control the UPF 184a, 184b, and configure the traffic routing through the UPF 184a, 184b. The SMF 183a, 183b may perform other functions, such as managing and allocating UE IP addresses, managing PDU sessions, controlling policy enforcement and QoS, providing downlink data notification, etc. The PDU session type may be IP-based, non-IP-based, Ethernet-based, etc.

[0063] The UPF 184a, 184b may be connected to one or more of the gNBs 180a, 180b, 180c in the RAN 113 via the N3 interface, which may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to packet-switched networks, such as the Internet 110, to facilitate communications between the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c and IP-enabled devices. The UPF 184, 184b may perform other functions, such as routing and forwarding packets, enforcing user plane policies, supporting multi-homed PDU sessions, handling user plane QoS, buffering downlink packets, providing mobility anchoring, etc.

[0064] The CN 115 may facilitate communications with other networks. For example, the CN 115 may include or may communicate with an IP gateway (e.g., an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) server) that acts as an interface between the CN 115 and the PSTN 108. In addition, the CN 115 may provide the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c with access to other networks 112, which may include other wired networks and / or wireless networks owned and / or operated by other service providers. In one embodiment, the WTRUs 102a, 102b, 102c may be connected to local data networks (DNs) 185a, 185b via the UPF 184a, 184b via an N3 interface to the UPF 184a, 184b and an N6 interface between the UPF 184a, 184b and the DN 185a, 185b.

[0065] Given that Figures 1A to 1D as well as Figures 1A to 1D Corresponding to the description of the present invention, one or more or all of the functions described herein with reference to one or more of the following may be performed by one or more simulation devices (not shown): WTRU102a-d, base station 114a-b, evolved Node B 160a-c, MME 162, SGW 164, PGW 166, gNB 180a-c, AMF182a-b, UPF 184a-b, SMF 183a-b, DN 185a-b and / or any other device described herein. The simulation device may be one or more devices configured to emulate one or more or all of the functions described herein. For example, the simulation device may be used to test other devices and / or simulate network and / or WTRU functions.

[0066] The simulation device may be designed to implement one or more tests of other devices in a laboratory environment and / or in a carrier network environment. For example, one or more simulation devices may perform one or more functions or all functions while being fully or partially implemented and / or deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network in order to test other devices within the communication network. One or more simulation devices may perform one or more functions or all functions while being temporarily implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. The simulation device may be directly coupled to another device for testing purposes and / or may use over-the-air wireless communications to perform testing.

[0067] One or more simulation devices can perform one or more (including all) functions without being implemented / deployed as part of a wired and / or wireless communication network. For example, the simulation device can be used in a test scenario in a test laboratory and / or a non-deployed (e.g., testing) wired and / or wireless communication network to implement testing of one or more components. One or more simulation devices can be test equipment. Direct RF coupling and / or wireless communication via an RF circuit system (e.g., which can include one or more antennas) can be used by the simulation device to send and / or receive data.

[0068] References to timers herein may refer to a determination of a time or a determination of a time period. References to expiration of a timer herein may refer to a determination that a time has occurred or a time period has expired. References to timers herein may refer to a time, a time period, tracking a time, tracking a time period, etc. References to legacy technology or legacy handover may refer to a legacy technology such as LTE compared to NR, or a legacy version of a technology, for example, an older version / release of a technology (e.g., an older NR release) compared to a newer version / release of the technology (e.g., a newer NR release).

[0069] Systems, methods, and apparatus associated with prioritizing between uplink carriers and / or uplink transmissions are described herein.

[0070] The WTRU may receive configuration information indicating a plurality of configuration grants (CGs). The plurality of CGs may include a first CG associated with a first cell and a first carrier, a second CG associated with a second cell and a second carrier, a third CG associated with a second cell and a third carrier, and a fourth CG associated with a second cell and a fourth carrier. The WTRU may receive a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission carrying a first uplink (UL) grant downlink control information (DCI) associated with a second carrier, and may receive a second PDCCH transmission carrying a second UL grant DCI associated with a third carrier.

[0071] A maximum number of carriers may be prioritized for transmission at a transmission time. Which carrier(s) to prioritize may be determined based on the cell type to which the carrier is associated and / or may be determined based on the time (e.g., relative to the transmission time) at which the UL grant DCI is received on the associated carrier. The WTRU may transmit a corresponding physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission via each prioritized carrier using resources associated with the corresponding CG of each prioritized carrier.

[0072] In an example, the WTRU may determine to prioritize a first carrier and a third carrier for transmission at a first transmission time. The determination to prioritize the first carrier may be based on the first cell type being a primary cell (PCell) type, and the determination to prioritize the second carrier may be based on the second UL grant DCI being the last DCI received before the first transmission time. At the first transmission time, the WTRU may send a first PUSCH transmission via the first carrier using resources associated with the first CG, and may send a second PUSCH transmission via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

[0073] In an example, the WTRU may determine to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier for transmission at a second transmission time. The determination to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier at the second transmission time may be based on a first UL grant DCI received on the second carrier and a second UL grant DCI received on the third carrier being the last two DCIs received before the second transmission time. At the second transmission time, the WTRU may send a third PUSCH transmission via the second carrier using resources associated with the second CG, and may send a fourth PUSCH transmission via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

[0074] In an example, the WTRU may prioritize a first scheduled UL transmission over a second scheduled uplink transmission (e.g., the WTRU may transmit the first scheduled uplink transmission and may not transmit the second scheduled uplink transmission). In an example, the WTRU may select which scheduled UL transmission(s) to transmit based on an order indicated in a set of uplink carriers (e.g., the uplink carriers in the set may be associated with different priorities and may or may not be transmitted based on these priorities). The WTRU may be configured to operate with more uplink carriers, which may cause the WTRU to exceed its maximum simultaneous transmission capability. The WTRU may (e.g., in this case) prioritize uplink carriers according to the prioritized set. The prioritized set may be determined based on the receipt of the latest DCI for the uplink carrier (e.g., relative to the transmission time), power headroom, explicit signaling, and / or the amount of data that may be transmitted. If the prioritized set of uplink carriers is updated, the WTRU may trigger a power headroom report. The WTRU may (e.g., implicitly) deactivate the configuration grant on the deprioritized uplink carrier. The WTRU may receive signaling regarding an uplink dormant BWP for at least one UL carrier.

[0075] The scheduler may ensure that (e.g., for at least dynamically allocated resources, such as dynamic grants, non-periodic sounding reference signals (SRS), etc.) the WTRU's simultaneous transmit capability is not exceeded (e.g., at any time) by avoiding overlap between transmissions (e.g., scheduled transmissions) that would exceed the capability. The network may configure resources semi-statically. Such resources may include periodic SRS, configuration grants, periodic channel state information (CSI) reports, etc. If these resources are requested, it may be limiting for the network to avoid scheduling resources in a manner that does not exceed the WTRU's simultaneous transmit capability (e.g., at any time) (e.g., if taking into account minimum switching times and / or time division duplex (TDD) UL / DL configurations that may differ between frequency bands). Resources may be allowed to overlap (e.g., in the time domain) such that the resources may exceed the WTRU's simultaneous transmit capability. If this occurs, prioritized transmissions (e.g., scheduled uplink transmissions) may be allowed.

[0076] If the configured or scheduled resources may exceed the WTRU's simultaneous transmission capability (e.g., within a time interval), the WTRU may prioritize transmissions. In an example, the WTRU may be able to transmit up to M simultaneous transmissions on one or more (e.g., all) uplink carriers (e.g., the uplink carriers may be in different frequency bands and / or K-port transmissions on a carrier may be considered K transmissions), and the WTRU may be configured with N uplink carriers. The N uplink carriers may correspond to serving cells and may include supplementary uplink carriers in certain serving cells. The WTRU may indicate to the network (e.g., via uplink signaling) its simultaneous transmission capability. If the WTRU transmits on a combination of carriers on a particular frequency band, the WTRU may signal its transmit power per carrier (e.g., maximum transmit power) and / or transmit power as a total of multiple carriers.

[0077] If the WTRU changes the set of uplink carriers on which the WTRU transmits, a minimum switching time (MST) may be set and / or implemented. The MST (e.g., if the WTRU switches transmission from a first carrier to a second carrier) may depend on at least the carrier frequency and / or frequency band of the first carrier and / or the second carrier.

[0078] The WTRU may receive radio resource control (RRC), medium access control (MAC), and / or downlink control information (DCI) signaling that may configure or indicate a set of uplink transmissions and / or uplink grants on N carriers. The uplink transmissions and / or uplink grants may be associated with at least one of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a sounding reference signal (SRS), or a physical random access channel (PRACH). If the set of uplink transmissions and / or uplink grants exceeds the WTRU's simultaneous uplink transmission capability (e.g., for any duration), the WTRU may perform prioritization of the uplink transmissions and / or uplink grants such that the WTRU's capability is not exceeded. To determine whether the simultaneous uplink transmission capacity may be exceeded at a given time, one or more of the following may apply: the start time of the uplink transmission or authorization may be assumed to reach the MST (e.g., to account for the MST) before the actual start time of the transmission or authorization (e.g., if there was no previous uplink transmission on the same carrier); or K-port transmissions on an uplink carrier may be counted as K transmissions out of M maximum simultaneous transmissions.

[0079] At least in the case of PUSCH transmission, the prioritization may be performed at the MAC sublayer. If the prioritization is performed at the MAC sublayer, the WTRU may perform logical channel prioritization and / or may generate corresponding MAC packet data units (PDUs) for (e.g., only for) the prioritized uplink grants.

[0080] For transmissions other than PUSCH transmissions or for PUSCH transmissions, prioritization may be performed at the physical layer (e.g., in the case where prioritization occurs due to dynamic signaling received after the latest time before the start of the earliest overlapping transmission). The difference between the latest time and the start time of the earliest overlapping transmission may correspond to the processing capability of the WTRU. In an example, if the WTRU does not perform a transmission due to deprioritization (e.g., at the MAC layer or PHY layer), the WTRU may cancel the transmission.

[0081] The prioritization may be performed based on one or more of the following: dynamically on a per-transmission basis; semi-dynamically using a prioritized set or a dormant UL bandwidth part (BWP) of a carrier; dormant UL BWP; application time of the prioritized set; modification of the prioritized set; effective prioritized set; or actions when updating the prioritized set.

[0082] For prioritization that is performed dynamically on a per-transmission basis, the WTRU may perform prioritization by de-prioritizing individual transmissions until the WTRU's maximum simultaneous transmission capability is not exceeded. The WTRU may determine and cancel the first transmission with the lowest priority among the overlapping transmissions. If the maximum simultaneous transmission capability is still exceeded after canceling that transmission, the WTRU may cancel the second transmission with the lowest priority among the remaining overlapping transmissions, and so on, until the maximum simultaneous transmission capability is not exceeded.

[0083] For prioritization performed semi-dynamically using a prioritized set of carriers or a dormant uplink BWP, the WTRU may determine a priority order between the uplink carriers. This priority order may be referred to herein as a prioritized set, which may be an ordered set. The WTRU may perform transmissions on (e.g., only on) UL carriers that are part of the prioritized set at a given time. In the event that the WTRU's maximum simultaneous transmission capability may be exceeded (e.g., even with only UL carriers that are part of the prioritized set), the WTRU may cancel transmissions on the lowest priority UL carrier until the simultaneous transmission capability is not exceeded. The WTRU may determine the initial prioritized set using predetermined rules and / or based on signaling from the network. In an example, the prioritized set may indicate (e.g., for each carrier) a maximum number of antenna ports.

[0084] For a dormant UL BWP, the WTRU may receive configuration information regarding a dormant UL BWP (e.g., for at least one serving cell). The dormant UL BWP may cause no uplink resources to be configured (e.g., semi-statically configured) for the dormant UL BWP. The WTRU may receive a DCI including a bitmap, each bit in the bitmap may correspond to an uplink carrier, a corresponding serving cell, a group of uplink carriers or corresponding serving cells. Such a bitmap may be referred to herein as a UL special cell (SpCell) dormant field. The uplink carrier or the group of serving cells may be configured via RRC signaling.

[0085] If the corresponding bit in the DCI (e.g., the DCI described herein) (e.g., in the UL Secondary Cell (SCell) Dormant field of the DCI) is set to a first value (e.g., for a non-dormant UL BWP), the WTRU may include the uplink carrier (or a group thereof) in the prioritized set. If the corresponding bit in the DCI is set to a second value (e.g., for a dormant UL BWP), the WTRU may exclude the uplink carrier (or a group thereof) from the prioritized set.

[0086] The WTRU may utilize the same field as used to indicate SCell dormancy for the downlink (DL). The WTRU may receive an indication as to whether an indication in a bitmap (e.g., as described herein) is to be interpreted as indicating SCell dormancy for the DL (e.g., dormant or non-dormant DL BWP for the SCell), as indicating SCell dormancy for the UL (e.g., dormant or non-dormant UL BWP for the SCell), or both. Such an indication may exist for a specific DCI format (such as format 2_6 or another format). If the bitmap is received in a DCI format that schedules PDSCH (e.g., format 1_1 or 1_2), the WTRU may interpret the bitmap as indicating SCell dormancy for the DL. If the bitmap is received in a DCI format that schedules PUSCH (e.g., format 0_1 ​​or 0_2), the WTRU may interpret the bitmap as indicating SCell dormancy for the UL.

[0087] The WTRU may indicate whether a UL carrier is part of the prioritized set using the same type of signaling as SCell dormancy (e.g., without implying that the WTRU switches to a dormant ULBWP of an uplink carrier indicated as not being part of the prioritized set). The WTRU may receive a DCI, and the DCI may include information about UL BWPs or dormant ULBWPs for more than one serving cell or carrier. In an example, the DCI may include a field containing a bitmap, wherein each bit or group of bits in the bitmap may indicate which UL BWP to use for (e.g., each) configured serving cell or uplink carrier (e.g., such as whether to use a dormant ULBWP or another UL BWP). In an example, the DCI may include a field indicating one of a set of values ​​signaled by a MAC control element (MAC CE) or an RRC message, wherein each value may indicate a ULBWP (or dormant UL BWP) for each serving cell or uplink carrier.

[0088] For the application time of the prioritized set, the WTRU may modify the prioritized set when certain events occur or according to a specific schedule (e.g., as described herein). In an example, the prioritized set may be fixed in a specific time period referred to herein as an application period. The application period may include a symbol set, a time slot, a time slot set, a frame, or a frame set. The WTRU may re-evaluate the prioritized set before an application period (e.g., each application period). The application period may depend on the TDD UL / DL configuration (e.g., which may be semi-statically indicated) and / or the time slot configuration (e.g., which may be semi-statically or dynamically indicated). In an example, the application period (e.g., each application period) may correspond to a set of consecutive uplink symbols. The application period may be subject to one or more of the following constraints: all repetitions of the PUSCH may be included in the application period; the configured time window for joint channel estimation may be included in the application period; or all retransmissions of a transmission block (TB) for a given hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process may be included in the application period. For at least one TDD serving cell, uplink carriers may be (eg, implicitly) excluded from the prioritized set during time symbols identified as downlink symbols.

[0089] For modification of the prioritized set, if RRC signaling, MAC CE or DCI signaling is received, the prioritized set may be modified or updated. The WTRU may receive an indication of the prioritized set (e.g., an explicit indication) via RRC signaling, MAC CE, or a DCI of a specific format with a specific field set to a specific value. The WTRU may receive an indication that it may update the prioritized set and / or report a new prioritized set. For example, if a DCI indicating an uplink grant is received in a carrier, the WTRU may increase the priority of the carrier within the prioritized set (e.g., to the highest priority or to the highest priority after the primary carrier).

[0090] The prioritized set may be modified or updated based on a change in power headroom and / or a path loss estimate for at least one carrier. In an example, if the WTRU triggers a power headroom report (PHR) due to power management (P-MPR), due to a change in path loss, or another other power headroom report (PHR) trigger, the WTRU may update the prioritized set.

[0091] The WTRU may start an inhibit timer when modifying the prioritized set. The WTRU may be allowed to modify the prioritized set if (e.g., only if) the inhibit timer is not running. The value of the inhibit timer may be predefined or configured by higher layers (e.g., via RRC signaling).

[0092] For an effective preferred set, the WTRU may determine a preferred set based on a configured set of effective preferred sets. The set of effective preferred sets may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., via RRC signaling) and may include a subset of possible combinations of preferred sets (e.g., all possible combinations) that may be constructed based on a configured set of carriers. An effective preferred set may be associated with a tag or a preferred set identity. If the WTRU is not allowed to transmit on a particular combination of carriers simultaneously (e.g., even if the WTRU's simultaneous transmission capability is not exceeded), it may be more efficient from a signaling perspective to configure a limited number of effective preferred sets. In an example, such a limitation may exist if simultaneous transmission on a subset of carriers may cause radio problems (e.g., such as sensitivity degradation or spurious emissions).

[0093] For actions when updating the prioritized set, the WTRU may perform at least one of the following actions when modifying the prioritized set or when uplink transmission is cancelled on at least one uplink carrier. The WTRU may trigger a power headroom report (PHR) for one or more (e.g., all) uplink carriers (e.g., all uplink carriers of the new prioritized set or all uplink carriers affected by the change in the prioritized set). The WTRU may report multiple combinations of power headrooms, where a combination (e.g., each combination) may correspond to a specific subset of simultaneous uplink transmissions. In an example, the WTRU may report: a first combination of power headrooms (PHs) assuming transmissions only on a first uplink carrier and a second uplink carrier, a second combination of PHs assuming transmissions on all uplink carriers, a third combination of PHs assuming transmissions only on a second carrier and a third carrier, and so on. The WTRU may report an indication of a new prioritized set. The report may include at least one of: an indication of the identity of the prioritized set (if configured); an indication of the UL carriers of the new prioritized set (e.g., each UL carrier or corresponding serving cell); an indication of the UL carriers that are no longer part of the new prioritized set; an indication of the UL carriers that are part of the new prioritized set but not part of the previous prioritized set. The WTRU may report an indication that an uplink transmission is cancelled on at least one uplink carrier. The report may be included in a MAC CE, an RRC message, or an uplink control information regarding one of the prioritized uplink carriers. The WTRU may deactivate the configuration grant of the uplink carriers (or corresponding serving cells) that are no longer part of the new prioritized set. The WTRU may activate the configuration grant of the uplink carriers (or corresponding serving cells) that are part of the new prioritized set (e.g., but not part of the previous prioritized set).

[0094] The WTRU may apply at least one criterion (e.g., as described herein) to determine the relative priority of uplink transmissions and / or uplink carriers. For example, this criterion may be applied at least in the case where a prioritization procedure (e.g., as described herein) is applied. The prioritization criterion may be one or more of the following: prioritization based on the reception timing of the DCI; prioritization based on the transmission timing of the latest transmission on the carrier; prioritization based on an explicit indication of a priority or a prioritized set; prioritization based on the grant type and the priority configured for the grant; prioritization based on HARQ aspects; prioritization based on the type of physical channel, signal or UCI; prioritization based on the type of serving cell, cell group, timing advance group, scheduling SCell or duplex; prioritization based on physical layer priority, logical channel priority or data available for transmission; prioritization based on maximizing transmission opportunities within the application period, prioritization based on transmission attributes, prioritization based on downlink path loss or quality; prioritization based on power headroom; prioritization based on a combination of prioritization criteria.

[0095] For prioritization based on the reception timing of DCI, if the DCI associated with a transmission on a first carrier (e.g., the latest DCI) is later than the DCI associated with a transmission on a second carrier (e.g., the latest DCI), the WTRU may prioritize the first transmission or the first carrier over the second transmission or the second carrier. The reference time for determining the timing of the DCI may be the end of the last symbol of the PDCCH transmission carrying the DCI, the beginning of the first symbol of the PDCCH transmission carrying the DCI, or the transmission time (e.g., the upcoming transmission time). If the first DCI and the second DCI are received simultaneously, the WTRU may apply (e.g., additional) priority criteria, such as a priority index that may be indicated in the DCI. The WTRU may (e.g., may also) consider DCI indicating reception on a downlink carrier paired with or corresponding to an uplink carrier. In an example, only DCI indicating a specific type of transmission (e.g., a PUSCH transmission) may be considered.

[0096] The WTRU may receive a first DCI indicating a dynamic grant on a first carrier and later receive a second DCI indicating a dynamic grant on a second carrier. The WTRU may prioritize between the configuration grants on the first carrier and the second carrier and may prioritize the configuration grant on the second carrier.

[0097]

[00136] If a configuration grant or periodic SRS is configured on multiple uplink carriers, these techniques (eg, as described herein) may allow the network to control the uplink carrier on which the WTRU may transmit.

[0098] For the prioritization of transmission timing based on the latest transmission on a carrier, if the latest transmission before a first transmission on a first carrier is later than the latest transmission before a second transmission on a second carrier, the WTRU may prioritize the first transmission or the first carrier over the second transmission or the second carrier. The reference time for determining the timing of the uplink transmission may be the end of the last symbol of the uplink transmission, the beginning of the first symbol of the uplink transmission, or the transmission time (e.g., the upcoming transmission time). The technique may be applicable to (e.g., only to) SRS transmissions or periodic SRS transmissions. In an example, the technique may consider only the latest PUSCH transmission or only the latest PUSCH transmission indicated by the DCI or corresponding to a dynamic grant.

[0099] For prioritization based on explicit indication of a priority or prioritized set, the WTRU may receive signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, DCI, etc.) indicating a priority or order associated with one or more uplink carriers (or corresponding serving cells). If the priority indicated for a first carrier is higher than the priority indicated for a second carrier, the WTRU may prioritize a first transmission on the first carrier over a second transmission on the second carrier.

[0100] The WTRU may receive signaling indicating the prioritized set as a set of uplink carriers or corresponding serving cells, or may receive an indication of the prioritized set. The signaling may be received via an RRC message, a MAC CE, or a DCI. In an example, the DCI may include at least one field indicating the prioritized set. The DCI may schedule transmissions on at least one serving cell. The DCI may include an indication of the prioritized set, in which case other fields may be set to predetermined values ​​to distinguish it from the DCI scheduled transmission. The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the DCI may be scrambled by a specific radio network identifier (RNTI) configured or defined for the indication. The DCI may be in a specific format and / or may be monitored on a specific search space.

[0101] In response to receiving an indication of a dormant DL BWP for a corresponding serving cell group, the WTRU may assign the lowest priority to the uplink carrier corresponding to the serving cell (e.g., in the prioritized set). The WTRU may remove the uplink carrier from the prioritized set. The WTRU may restore the priority of the uplink carrier in response to receiving an indication of a non-dormant DL BWP for the corresponding serving cell group.

[0102] For prioritization based on grant type and priority configured for the grant, the WTRU may prioritize a first transmission or a first carrier over a second transmission or a second carrier based on the grant type corresponding to the first transmission or the second transmission. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize a dynamic grant over a configured grant, or a configured grant type 2 over a configured grant type 1. The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers based on a priority indicated in a configured grant configuration (e.g., signaled by an RRC message or indicated by a MAC CE) or a priority indicated for a dynamic grant.

[0103] The WTRU may prioritize the first transmission or the first carrier over the second transmission or the second carrier if the first transmission is indicated by the DCI and the second transmission is not indicated by the DCI (eg, if the second transmission is semi-statically configured).

[0104] For HARQ-based prioritization, the WTRU may prioritize PUSCH transmissions corresponding to HARQ retransmissions over PUSCH transmissions corresponding to new transmissions. This may increase the chances of successfully transmitting a TB. The WTRU may prioritize PUSCH transmissions if the WTRU uses a HARQ process within a specific HARQ process set configured by higher layers for the corresponding serving cell.

[0105] For prioritization based on the type of physical channel, signal, or UCI, the WTRU may prioritize transmissions based on the type of physical channel or signal associated with the transmission. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize PRACH transmissions over PUCCH transmissions, prioritize PUCCH transmissions over PUSCH transmissions, or prioritize PUSCH transmissions over SRS transmissions. The WTRU may prioritize transmissions based on the presence and / or type of UCI carried by the transmission (e.g., based on whether the UCI includes HARQ-ACK, a scheduling request (SR), channel state information (CSI), configuration grant UCI (CG-UCI), or a link recovery request (LRR)). The WTRU may reuse the priority order that has been defined for transmit power reduction.

[0106] For prioritization based on type of serving cell, cell group, timing advance group, scheduled Scell, or duplex, the WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers on a primary cell group (MCG) over transmissions or carriers on a secondary cell group (SCG). The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers on a primary cell (Pcell) or special cell (SpCell) over transmissions or carriers on other serving cells (e.g., such as SCells). The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers on a primary timing advance group (pTAG) over transmissions or carriers on a secondary timing advance group (sTAG). The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers on a PUCCH SCell or a PUCCH switching SCell over transmissions or carriers on other serving cells. The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers corresponding to a SCell that schedules a PCell. The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers corresponding to a serving cell on which the WTRU may monitor DCI scheduling for multiple serving cells. The WTRU may prioritize a carrier used only for uplink transmissions (e.g., frequency division duplex (FDD)) over a carrier used for both downlink and uplink (e.g., TDD) and vice versa. The WTRU may prioritize transmissions or carriers on a first frequency band over transmissions or carriers on a second frequency band (e.g., if the first frequency band has a higher priority than the second frequency band). The priority of the frequency bands may be predefined or configured by higher layers (e.g., via RRC messages). The priority may be such that a frequency band with a higher frequency may have a lower priority than a frequency band with a lower frequency.

[0107] For prioritization based on physical layer priority, logical channel priority, or data available for transmission, the WTRU may prioritize a set of uplink carriers based on grants on the corresponding serving cell and / or based on data available for transmission. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize a set of uplink carriers so that the transmission of data with the highest priority (or any priority) is maximized after logical channel prioritization. The WTRU may prioritize the uplink carrier with the grant with the highest priority index (e.g., as indicated by the DCI or configured via an RRC message). In an example, the WTRU may prioritize the uplink carrier with the configuration grant with the highest priority based on at least one attribute configured by the configuration grant. The at least one attribute may include at least one of an explicit priority or a periodicity. The WTRU may prioritize the configuration grant with the highest periodicity. In the case where data available for transmission (e.g., all data) can be multiplexed into a subset of grants on the uplink carriers, the WTRU may select a subset of carriers so that the number of transmissions required is minimized.

[0108] For prioritization based on maximizing transmission opportunities over an application period, the WTRU may determine a prioritized set of uplink carriers for the application period such that a metric measured over the application period is minimized. In an example, the WTRU may determine a set of uplink carriers that maximizes the transmission of the highest priority (or any priority) data over the application period, taking into account a switching time and / or a set of configured grant opportunities (e.g., on uplink and / or flexible symbols) over a carrier (e.g., per carrier) over the application period.

[0109] For prioritization based on transmission attributes, the WTRU may prioritize uplink carriers based on attributes of transmissions configured on the carriers. In an example, such attributes may include at least one of subcarrier spacing, bandwidth (e.g., number of resource blocks), frequency band, modulation order, number of antenna ports, priority index, duration, etc. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize at least one of lower subcarrier spacing, lower bandwidth, lower frequency band, lower modulation order, lower number of antenna ports, higher priority index, or shorter duration.

[0110] For ranking based on downlink path loss or quality, the WTRU may prioritize uplink carriers that maximize a metric for the corresponding downlink carrier. Such a metric may be used as an estimate of the connection quality of the carrier. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize uplink carriers for which the signal strength and / or quality of the reference signal associated with the core set of the corresponding downlink carrier is maximized or above a threshold. Such quality may be measured by the q0 metric for beam failure detection or by a metric such as CRI-RSRP or CRI-RSRQ. In an example, the WTRU may deprioritize uplink carriers if the WTRU performs a beam failure recovery procedure on the corresponding serving cell. In an example, the WTRU may prioritize uplink carriers for which the path loss estimate for power control is minimized.

[0111] For power headroom based ranking, the WTRU may select a subset of carriers such that the total transmit power on the carriers is minimized, or such that the minimum or maximum PH across carriers is maximized. This criterion may be applied between two candidate sets with the same number of transmits.

[0112] The WTRU may prioritize uplink carriers for which power headroom may be highest (e.g., taking into account the prioritized uplink carriers). The power headroom determination may take into account the potential maximum power reduction (MPR) that may be required when combining transmissions of uplink carriers with the prioritized uplink carriers (e.g., taking into account possible RF issues such as spurious emissions and desensitization). The WTRU may deprioritize uplink carriers for which simultaneous transmission with the prioritized uplink carriers may not be supported, taking into account the transmit power to be utilized on such carriers.

[0113] The WTRU may be configured to apply a reduced maximum power on a first prioritized uplink carrier to minimize the MPR on a second carrier that may be prioritized. This reduction in maximum power may be configured by higher layers. In an example, an RRC message may configure the maximum transmit power on a first uplink carrier to be X dB lower than the maximum configured power for that carrier.

[0114] The WTRU may prioritize carriers in a symbol or timeslot based on a direction associated with the symbol or timeslot (e.g., for uplink, downlink, flexible, cross duplex, etc.). In an example, a carrier may be assigned the lowest priority in a time symbol or timeslot that is a downlink symbol or timeslot for that carrier. The direction may be provided by higher layers (e.g., RRC signaling) and / or by DCI such as DCI format 2_0 which may provide a slot format indicator (SFI).

[0115] The WTRU may determine the prioritized set based on a time pattern. In an example, the WTRU may determine a first prioritized set for a first set of time units (e.g., time slots or symbols) and a second prioritized set for a second set of time units. The first set of time units and the second set of time units and the corresponding respective first prioritized set and second prioritized set may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., via RRC signaling). In an example, the first set of time units may correspond to a downlink time slot of one of the carriers, and the second set of time units may correspond to an uplink time slot of the carrier.

[0116] The WTRU may determine the priority of a first transmission based on the priority of a second transmission in the same carrier. In an example, the priority of an SRS transmission may be the same as the priority of a PUSCH transmission, which may be associated with the SRS transmission (e.g., via a DCI) or may be sent in the same time slot as the SRS transmission.

[0117] For prioritization based on a combination of prioritization criteria, the WTRU may apply more than one prioritization criteria with different priority levels. In an example, the WTRU may (e.g., may first) consider a criterion that may be based on the type of serving cell to prioritize the uplink carrier corresponding to the primary cell. The WTRU may (e.g., may then) consider another criterion that may be based on the receipt of the latest DCI to prioritize among the remaining uplink carriers.

[0118] The WTRU may (e.g., may first) prioritize based on channel type such that uplink carriers with PUCCH (or PUSCH with UCI) are prioritized. The WTRU may (e.g., may then) prioritize the remaining uplink carriers with dynamic grants and prioritize the remaining uplink carriers with configured grants based on maximizing power headroom, receiving the latest DCI, or maximizing data transmission.

[0119] In an example of dynamic prioritization, the WTRU may determine a set of uplink transmissions that are configured or scheduled in at least one carrier and / or within a time period (e.g., at a transmit time). The WTRU may determine whether it is possible to transmit the uplink transmission set by taking into account the capabilities of the WTRU and the switching time. If it is not possible to transmit the uplink transmission set, the WTRU may determine a subset of uplink transmissions such that transmission of the subset is possible within the time period (e.g., at a transmit time). In an example, the transmission subset may be determined based on at least one prioritization rule. The prioritization rule may be to assign a higher priority to transmissions on a UL carrier indicated by a DCI (e.g., a DCI received later relative to the transmit time).

[0120] In an example of semi-dynamic prioritization, the WTRU may determine an initial prioritized set of uplink carriers. The WTRU may transmit on the UL carrier based on the priority order of the prioritized set. The WTRU may modify the prioritized set based on at least one priority rule and / or event. In an example, the PCell may be assigned (e.g., always assigned) the highest priority (e.g., compared to the SCell or other cell types) or the priority may be assigned based on the receipt of a DCI indicating resources for a set of carriers (e.g., the priority order may be determined based on the latest received DCI relative to the transmission time). If the prioritized set is modified, the WTRU may trigger a power headroom report.

[0121] Figure 2 An example of uplink carrier prioritization is illustrated. Multiple CGs and multiple carriers (e.g., Figure 2 The WTRU may receive configuration information indicating the number of CGs. Figure 2 As shown in , the first CG may be associated with the first carrier (e.g., Figure 2 UL CC1) and the first cell type (eg, Figure 2 The second CG may be associated with a second carrier (eg, Figure 2 UL CC2 shown in FIG) and a second cell type (eg, Figure 2 The third CG may be associated with a third carrier (eg, as shown in Figure 2 UL CC3 shown in ) and the second cell type, and the fourth CG may be associated with the fourth carrier (e.g., Figure 2 The WTRU may receive multiple PDCCHs. The multiple PDCCHs may carry multiple UL grant DCIs (e.g., each of the multiple PDCCHs may carry a corresponding UL grant DCI). Figure 2 As shown in , the WTRU may receive a first PDCCH carrying a first UL grant DCI associated with a second carrier and a second PDCCH carrying a second UL grant DCI associated with a third carrier.

[0122] The largest number of carriers can be prioritized (e.g. Figure 2 The WTRU may determine which carrier(s) to prioritize based on the cell type to which the carrier is associated and / or based on the time at which the UL grant DCI is received on the associated carrier (e.g., relative to the transmit time and relative to the time at which other UL grant DCIs are received). The WTRU may send a corresponding PUSCH transmission via each prioritized carrier using resources associated with the corresponding CG of each prioritized carrier.

[0123] like Figure 2 As shown in , the WTRU may determine to prioritize the first carrier and the third carrier at the first transmission time. Figure 2 As shown in , the determination to prioritize the first carrier may be based on the first cell type being a PCell type, and the determination to prioritize the third carrier may be based on the second UL grant DCI being the last DCI received on the second carrier before the first transmission time. For a transmission time, multiple CGs (e.g., each CG) may indicate resources associated with a carrier (e.g., their respective carriers). Figure 2 As shown in , within the first transmission time, the first CG may indicate resources associated with the first carrier, the second CG may indicate resources associated with the second carrier, the third CG may indicate resources associated with the third carrier, and the fourth CG may indicate resources associated with the fourth carrier. Figure 2 As shown in , during the second sending time, the first CG and the third CG can take precedence over the second CG and the fourth CG.

[0124] like Figure 2 As shown in , at a first transmission time, the WTRU may send a first PUSCH transmission via a first carrier using resources associated with a first CG, and may send a second PUSCH transmission via a third carrier using resources associated with a third CG. Figure 2 As shown in , based on prioritizing the first carrier and the third carrier for transmission at the first transmission time, the first transmission time may be limited to a first PUSCH transmission to be sent via the first carrier and a second PUSCH transmission to be sent via the third carrier. Based on prioritizing the first carrier and the third carrier at the first transmission time, the WTRU may be restricted to use resources associated with the first carrier and the third carrier (e.g., and not use resources associated with the second carrier).

[0125] like Figure 2 As shown in , the WTRU may determine to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier for transmission at the second transmission time. Figure 2 As shown in , the determination to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier within the second transmission time may be based on the first UL grant DCI received on the second carrier and the second UL grant DCI received on the third carrier being the last two DCIs received before the second transmission time. Figure 2 As shown in , during the second transmission time, the second CG may indicate resources associated with the second carrier, the third CG may indicate resources associated with the third carrier, and the fourth CG may indicate resources associated with the fourth carrier (e.g., and the first CG does not indicate resources associated with the first carrier). Figure 2 As shown in , during the second sending time, the second CG and the third CG can take precedence over the fourth CG.

[0126] like Figure 2 As shown in , at the second transmission time, the WTRU may send a third PUSCH transmission via the second carrier using resources associated with the second CG, and may send a fourth PUSCH transmission via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG. Figure 2 As shown in , based on prioritizing the second carrier and the third carrier at the second transmission time, the second transmission time may be limited to a third PUSCH transmission to be sent via the second carrier and a fourth PUSCH transmission to be sent via the third carrier. Based on prioritizing the second carrier and the third carrier at the second transmission time, the WTRU may be restricted to using resources associated with the second carrier and the third carrier (e.g., not using resources associated with the fourth carrier).

[0127] Although the above features and elements are described in particular combinations, each feature or element may be used alone without the other features and elements of the preferred embodiments, or in various combinations with or without the other features and elements.

[0128] Although the implementations described herein may consider 3GPP specific protocols, it should be understood that the implementations described herein are not limited to such scenarios and may be applicable to other wireless systems. For example, although the examples described consider LTE, LTE-A, New Radio (NR) or 5G specific protocols, it should be understood that the examples described herein are not limited to such scenarios and may be applicable to other wireless systems.

[0129] The processes described above may be implemented in a computer program, software, and / or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer and / or processor. Examples of computer-readable media include, but are not limited to, electronic signals (sent via wired and / or wireless connections) and / or computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), registers, cache memory, semiconductor memory devices, magnetic media (such as, but not limited to, built-in hard disks and removable disks), magneto-optical media, and / or optical media (such as compact disk (CD)-ROM disks and / or digital versatile disks (DVDs)). A processor associated with the software may be used to implement a radio frequency transceiver for a WTRU, a terminal, a base station, an RNC, and / or any host computer.

Claims

1. A wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the WTRU comprising: A processor, the processor being configured to: Receiving configuration information indicating a plurality of configuration grants (CGs), wherein the plurality of CGs comprises: a first CG associated with the first cell type and the first carrier, a second CG associated with a second cell type and a second carrier, and a third CG associated with the second cell type and a third carrier; receiving a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission carrying a first uplink (UL) grant downlink control information (DCI) associated with the second carrier; receiving a second PDCCH transmission carrying a second UL grant DCI associated with the third carrier; determining to prioritize the first carrier and the third carrier among a plurality of carriers at a first transmission time, wherein the determination to prioritize the first carrier is based on the first cell type, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier is based on a time at which the second UL grant DCI is received relative to the first transmission time; and At the first sending time, the following sending is performed: sending a first physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission via the first carrier using resources associated with the first CG, and A second PUSCH transmission is sent via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

2. The WTRU according to claim 1, wherein the first CG indicates resources associated with the first carrier within the first transmission time, wherein the second CG indicates resources associated with the second carrier within the first transmission time, wherein the third CG indicates resources associated with the third carrier within the first transmission time, and wherein the first CG and the third CG take precedence over the second CG.

3. The WTRU of claim 2, wherein at the first transmission time, the first carrier and the third carrier prioritize the first PUSCH transmission to be transmitted via the first carrier and the second PUSCH transmission to be transmitted via the third carrier over the second carrier.

4. The WTRU of claim 3, wherein the first PUSCH transmission and the second PUSCH transmission at the first transmission time being restricted to the first carrier and the third carrier comprises not using the resources associated with the second carrier within the first transmission time.

5. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first cell type is a primary cell (PCell) type and the second cell type is a secondary cell (SCell) type, and wherein the determination to prioritize the first carrier is based on the first cell type being a PCell type.

6. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the second UL grant DCI is a last DCI received before the first transmit time, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier is based on the time at which the second UL grant DCI is received based on the second UL grant DCI being the last DCI received before the first transmit time.

7. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to: receiving a fourth CG associated with the second cell type and a fourth carrier; determining to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier among the plurality of carriers at a second transmission time, wherein the determination to prioritize the second carrier at the second transmission time is based on reception of a first UL grant DCI relative to the second transmission time, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier at the second transmission time is based on reception of the second UL grant DCI relative to the second transmission time; At the second sending time, the following sending is performed: sending a third PUSCH transmission via the second carrier using resources associated with the second CG, and A fourth PUSCH transmission is sent via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

8. The WTRU of claim 7, wherein: The first UL grant DCI and the second UL grant DCI are the last two DCIs received before the second transmission time, and The determination to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier within the second transmission time is based on the first UL grant DCI and the second UL grant DCI being the last two DCIs received before the second transmission time.

9. The WTRU according to claim 8, wherein the first CG does not indicate resources associated with the first carrier within the second transmission time, wherein the second CG indicates resources associated with the second carrier within the second transmission time, wherein the third CG indicates resources associated with the third carrier within the second transmission time, wherein the fourth CG indicates resources associated with the fourth carrier within the second transmission time, and wherein the second CG and the third CG take precedence over the fourth CG within the second transmission time.

10. The WTRU of claim 9, wherein at the second transmission time, the second carrier and the third carrier restrict the third PUSCH transmission to transmission via the second carrier and restrict the fourth PUSCH transmission to transmission via the third carrier in preference to the fourth carrier, and wherein restricting the third PUSCH transmission and the fourth PUSCH transmission at the second transmission time to the second carrier includes not using the resources associated with the fourth carrier at the second transmission time.

11. A method implemented in a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), the method comprising: Receiving configuration information indicating a plurality of configuration grants (CGs), wherein the plurality of CGs comprises: a first CG associated with the first cell type and the first carrier, a second CG associated with a second cell type and a second carrier, and a third CG associated with the second cell type and a third carrier; receiving a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission carrying a first uplink (UL) grant downlink control information (DCI) associated with the second carrier; receiving a second PDCCH transmission carrying a second UL grant DCI associated with the third carrier; determining to prioritize the first carrier and the third carrier among a plurality of carriers at a first transmission time, wherein the determination to prioritize the first carrier is based on the first cell type, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier is based on a time at which the second UL grant DCI is received relative to the first transmission time; and At the first sending time, the following sending is performed: sending a first physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission via the first carrier using resources associated with the first CG, and A second PUSCH transmission is sent via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the first CG indicates resources associated with the first carrier within the first transmission time, wherein the second CG indicates resources associated with the second carrier within the first transmission time, wherein the third CG indicates resources associated with the third carrier within the first transmission time, and wherein the first CG and the third CG take precedence over the second CG.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein at the first transmission time, the first carrier and the third carrier prioritize the first PUSCH transmission to be transmitted via the first carrier and the second PUSCH transmission to be transmitted via the third carrier over the second carrier.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first cell type is a primary cell (PCell) type and the second cell type is a secondary cell (SCell) type, and wherein the determination to prioritize the first carrier is based on the first cell type being the PCell type.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the second UL grant DCI is a last DCI received before the first transmit time, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier is based on the time at which the second UL grant DCI is received based on the second UL grant DCI being the last DCI received before the first transmit time.

16. The method according to claim 11, further comprising: receiving a fourth CG associated with the second cell type and a fourth carrier; determining to prioritize the second carrier and the third carrier of the plurality of carriers at a second transmission time, wherein the determination to prioritize the second carrier at the second transmission time is based on reception of the first UL grant DCI relative to the second transmission time, and wherein the determination to prioritize the third carrier at the second transmission time is based on reception of the second UL grant DCI relative to the second transmission time; and At the second sending time, the following sending is performed: sending a third PUSCH transmission via the second carrier using resources associated with the second CG, and A fourth PUSCH transmission is sent via the third carrier using resources associated with the third CG.

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