Apparatus and method for protecting reference signal and adjusting timing advance (TA) value in full duplex transmission

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for protecting a reference signal (RS) and / or adjusting a timing advance (TA) value for time synchronization between an apparatus (e.g., a user equipment (UE)) and a device (e.g., a transmit-and receive point (TRP)) in a wireless network. The apparatus is operated in a full-duplex (full-duplex, FD) mode and the apparatus is operated in a half-duplex (half-duplex, HD) or FD mode. In some embodiments, RSs transmitted in uplink and downlink directions are protected by puncturing one or more portions of time-frequency resources, such that interference from other signals may be avoided or reduced. The punctured portion of the time-frequency resource may be one or more symbols that overlap with a symbol that is to receive or transmit the RS. The device may transmit information indicating the portion to be punctured using high layer signaling, dynamic signaling, or preconfiguration of the network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to wireless communications, and more particularly, to reference signal transmission and timing advance (TA) in the context of full-duplex transmission. Background Art

[0002] In some wireless communication systems, electronic devices such as user equipment (UE) communicate wirelessly with the network via one or more transmit-and-receive points (TRP). The TRP can be a terrestrial TRP (T-TRP) or a non-terrestrial TRP (NT-TRP). An example of a T-TRP is a fixed base station or NodeB. An example of an NT-TRP is a TRP that can be moved in space for repositioning, such as a TRP mounted on a drone, an aircraft, and / or a satellite, etc.

[0003] Wireless communication from UE to TRP is called uplink communication. Wireless communication from TRP to UE is called downlink communication. Resources are required to perform uplink communication and downlink communication. For example, TRP can wirelessly transmit information to UE in downlink communication through a specific frequency (or frequency range) for a specific duration. Frequency and duration are examples of resources, which are generally called time-frequency resources. When more than one UE is scheduled on a set of time-frequency resources, multiple access occurs. Each UE uses a portion of the time-frequency resources to receive data from the TRP in case of downlink communication, or transmit data to the TRP in case of uplink communication.

[0004] A time domain signal transmission structure may be defined for performing wireless communications, such as to allow time reference and time alignment of basic time domain transmission units. For example, a time slot may be defined to have a specific duration in which a specific number of symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) may be transmitted.

[0005] Time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) are two resource reuse technologies widely used in current wireless networks. In order to improve the spectrum efficiency of FDD, reduce transmission delay and / or enhance uplink (UL) coverage, it is usually necessary to use full-duplex (FD) transmission mode. In FD transmission mode, both transmission and reception can share a frequency band or a sub-band in a frequency band (i.e., a part of the channel bandwidth). Therefore, in FD transmission mode, transmission and reception can be performed simultaneously on a shared spectrum in a node, which may improve spectrum efficiency, reduce transmission delay and / or enhance UL coverage. Summary of the invention

[0006] For a node (e.g., a device or apparatus in a wireless network) supporting full duplex (FD) transmission, the transmission signal may be a self-interference signal of the received signal, for example, due to signal leakage on the transmission side of the node within a shared spectrum for transmission and reception (e.g., on a leakage channel). Therefore, signal processing techniques such as self-interference cancellation (SIC) may be applied to the overall received signal at the node, so that, for example, SIC may be used to more effectively detect the actual received signal (a received signal not affected by self-interference) and properly decode it. In order to estimate self-interference, it is generally desirable to keep the reference signal (RS) used in the transmission signal on the transmission side of the node from being contaminated by incoming received signals from other nodes so that the reference signal may be used to more accurately estimate the leakage channel. In some embodiments, the present application relates to how to protect RS from interference from incoming received signals when one or two nodes (e.g., a base station (BS), a user equipment (UE)) participating in the transmission are operating in FD mode.

[0007] In wireless networks, such as in current time division duplex (TDD) networks, downlink (DL) RS signals from a BS, such as demodulation reference signals (DMRS), may be used for channel estimation on the UE side. In this case, interference to the DL RS signal may not be important on the transmission side or the BS side. The current time alignment of DL transmission on the BS side and uplink (UL) transmission may be based on timing advance (TA) signaling for UE UL transmission, and the current TA granularity is 0.52 μs, which may be indicated by a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or radio resource control (RRC) signaling. However, due to, for example, slow time adjustment indications (e.g., MAC CE indications, RRC signaling) for symbol alignment, such TA adjustment schemes may not meet the requirements for FD transmission in future wireless networks in terms of TA granularity. It is worth noting that in FD transmission, a device (e.g., UE) or equipment (e.g., BS, TRP) can transmit and receive data simultaneously. In the present application, 'FD transmission', 'FD mode', 'FD operation', 'FD operation mode' and other similar terms can be used interchangeably and have substantially the same meaning. In particular, for network transmissions using symbols having a duration of, for example, 1 μs or even shorter, such as new radio (NR) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols with a subcarrier spacing (SCS) of 960 kHz, slow time adjustment indications may be undesirable. In some embodiments, the present application relates to, for example, how to make the time alignment of both the transmitted signal and the received signal faster and finer when two nodes involved in the transmission (e.g., a base station (BS) and a user equipment (UE)) operate in FD mode.

[0008] As described above, the present application provides an apparatus and method for protecting a reference signal and / or adjusting a timing advance (TA) value to be used for time synchronization in full duplex (FD) transmission, thereby potentially enhancing FD transmission in a wireless network.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present application, a method performed by a device is provided, the device being, for example, but not limited to, a user equipment (UE). The method may include receiving information indicating a first portion of a time-frequency resource to the device from a device operating in full-duplex (FD) mode, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resource is to be punctured for transmission by the device. The method may also include sending the transmission to the device on a second portion of the time-frequency resource, wherein the second portion of the time-frequency resource does not include the first portion of the time-frequency resource.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method may further include: receiving an indication from the device that a reference signal (RS) in the transmission is sent on a symbol included in the time-frequency resource; and sending the RS to the device on the symbol. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource may include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol of the RS transmitted by the device in the receiving direction. In some embodiments, the one or more symbols in the receiving direction may include a third portion that is at the same frequency position as the RS and is punctured.

[0011] In some embodiments, the RS from the device is sent, and the time-frequency resource may include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol of the RS sent from the device in the transmission direction. In some embodiments, the one or more symbols in the transmission direction may include the first part of the time-frequency resource.

[0012] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources may be configured by one or a combination of information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device or other signaling. The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device or the other signaling may include at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling, or network pre-configuration. In some embodiments, the information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device may be included in downlink control information (DCI) or sidelink control information (SCI).

[0013] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise receiving dynamic signaling from the device, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving from the device in higher layer signaling an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device. The method may further include receiving from the device in a DCI an indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present application, a device including a memory and a processor is provided, wherein the memory is used to store processor-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the processor-executable instructions so that the device performs a method consistent with the above embodiment.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method performed by a device operating in full-duplex (FD) mode, the device being, for example but not limited to, a base station (BS) operating in FD mode. The method may include transmitting information indicating a first portion of a time-frequency resource to the device, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resource is to be punctured by the device for transmission by the device. The method may also include receiving the transmission of the device on a second portion of the time-frequency resource, the second portion of the time-frequency resource not including the first portion of the time-frequency resource.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting a reference signal (RS) on the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

[0018] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting to the device an indication of transmitting an RS on a symbol included in the time-frequency resource. The method may further include receiving the RS from the device on the symbol, and puncturing the time-frequency position of receiving the RS in the transmission direction. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource may include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol of the RS transmitted by the device in the transmission direction. In some embodiments, the one or more symbols in the transmission direction may include a third portion that is at the same frequency position as the RS and is punctured by the device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the RS from the device is transmitted, and the time-frequency resource may include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol of the RS transmitted from the device in the receiving direction. In some embodiments, the one or more symbols in the receiving direction may include the first part of the time-frequency resource.

[0020] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources may be configured by one or a combination of information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device or other signaling. The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device or the other signaling may include at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling, or network pre-configuration. In some embodiments, the information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device may be included in downlink control information (DCI) or sidelink control information (SCI).

[0021] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise transmitting dynamic signaling to the apparatus, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting to the apparatus in higher layer signaling an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device. The method may further include transmitting to the apparatus in a DCI an indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment.

[0023] According to one aspect of the present application, a device including a memory and a processor is provided, wherein the memory is used to store processor-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the processor-executable instructions so that the device executes a method consistent with the above embodiment.

[0024] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits can be achieved: FD transmission in a wireless network can be enhanced by puncturing a first portion and / or a second portion of a time-frequency resource for transmission, wherein the transmission may include one or more reference signals. By puncturing the first and / or second portions of the time-frequency resource, interference with the reference signal from other signals can be avoided or reduced.

[0025] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits can be achieved: Since RS transmitted in UL and DL directions can be protected, FD transmission in a wireless network can be enhanced, especially when both devices (e.g., UE) and equipment (e.g., BS) in the network operate in FD mode. RS transmitted in UL and DL directions can be protected by puncturing a portion of a time-frequency resource so that one or more symbols in the punctured portion overlap with a symbol in which the RS is to be received or transmitted.

[0026] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits may be achieved: FD transmission in a wireless network may be enhanced by faster and finer time alignment of transmit and receive signals. Faster and finer time alignment may be achieved by sending at least some timing advance adjustment information in dynamic signaling, such as in DCI. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Various embodiments will be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system according to an example;

[0029] Figure 2 Another example of a communication system is shown;

[0030] Figure 3 Examples of electronic devices (EDs), terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRPs), and non-terrestrial transmit and receive points (NT-TRPs) are shown;

[0031] Figure 4 Exemplary units or modules in the device are shown;

[0032] Figure 5 A user equipment (UE) communicating with a TRP according to one embodiment is shown;

[0033] Figure 6 An exemplary network with two nodes supporting full-duplex (FD) operation mode is shown, wherein a reference signal is used for channel estimation;

[0034] Figure 7 An exemplary timing advance (TA) applied based on the round trip time (RTT) between a TRP and a UE in a division duplex (TDD) network is shown, wherein the TRP and the UE operate in half-duplex (HD) TDD mode;

[0035] Figure 8 and Fig. 9 A method for protecting a reference signal and adjusting a TA in a network according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein the TRP operates in an FD mode and the UE operates in an HD mode;

[0036] Fig.10 and Fig.11 The time alignment of the TRP and the UE in a network according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein both the TRP and the UE operate in FD mode;

[0037] Fig.12 and Fig.13 A method for protecting a reference signal and adjusting a TA in a network according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Fig.14 and Fig.15 DL transmission and UL transmission using orthogonal RSs through symbol and / or slot alignment according to an embodiment of the present application are shown;

[0039] Fig.16 and Fig.17 The method performed by the apparatus and device according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] For illustrative purposes, specific exemplary embodiments will now be explained in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0041] Exemplary Communication Systems and Devices

[0042] refer to Figure 1 As an illustrative example (but not limited to), a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system 100 is provided. The communication system 100 includes a radio access network (RAN) 120. The radio access network 120 can be a next generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G) or higher) radio access network, or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electronic devices (ED) 110a to 120j (collectively referred to as 110) can be interconnected with each other or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, collectively referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. The core network 130 can be part of the communication system and can be dependent on or independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. In addition, the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150 and other networks 160.

[0043] Figure 2An exemplary communication system 100 is shown. Typically, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to transmit data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 may be to provide content such as voice, data, video and / or text through broadcast, multicast and unicast, etc. The communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources, such as carrier spectrum bandwidth, between its constituent elements. The communication system 100 may include a terrestrial communication system and / or a non-terrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 may provide a wide range of communication services and applications (e.g., earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 may provide high availability and robustness through the joint operation of a terrestrial communication system and a non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or its components) into a terrestrial communication system may produce a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared with traditional communication networks, heterogeneous networks may achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible function sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial networks.

[0044] The terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system may be considered as subsystems of the communication system. In the example shown, the communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) 110a to 110d (generally referred to as ED 110), radio access networks (RAN) 120a to 120b, non-terrestrial communication networks 120c (which may also be RAN or part of RAN), core network 130, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, Internet 150 and other networks 160. RAN 120a to 120b include corresponding base stations (BS) 170a to 170b, which may generally be referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRP) 170a to 170b. The non-terrestrial communication network 120 c includes an access node 120 c , which may generally be referred to as a non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172 .

[0045] Any ED 110 may alternatively or additionally be used to connect, access, or communicate with any other T-TRP 170a to 170b, NT-TRP 172, Internet 150, core network 130, PSTN 140, other network 160, or any combination thereof. In some examples, ED 110a may perform uplink and / or downlink transmission with T-TRP 170a via interface 190a. In some examples, ED 110a, 110b, and 110d may also communicate directly with each other via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d may perform uplink and / or downlink transmission with NT-TRP 172 via interface 190c.

[0046] The air interfaces 190a and 190b may use similar communication technologies, such as any applicable wireless access technology. For example, the communication system 100 may implement one or more channel access methods in the air interfaces 190a and 190b, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA). The air interfaces 190a and 190b may utilize other high-dimensional signal spaces, which may involve a combination of orthogonal dimensions and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0047] Air interface 190c may enable communication between ED 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 via a wireless link or a simple link. For some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs and one or more NT-TRPs for multicast transmission.

[0048] The RANs 120a and 120b communicate with the core network 130 to provide various services, such as voice, data, and other services, to the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by the core network 130 and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as the RANs 120a, 120b, or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b, or the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c, or both, and (ii) other networks, such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. In addition, some or all of the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of (or in addition to) wireless communications, EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may also communicate with a service provider or switch (not shown) and with the Internet 150 via a wired communication channel. PSTN 140 may include a circuit-switched telephone network for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). Internet 150 may include computer networks and / or subnets (intranets), and incorporate protocols such as Internet protocol (IP), transmission control protocol (TCP), and user datagram protocol (UDP). EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operating in accordance with a variety of wireless access technologies and incorporating a plurality of transceivers required to support these technologies.

[0049] Figure 3Another example of ED 110, base station 170 (e.g., 170a and / or 170b) is shown, and the base station 170 will be referred to as T-TRP 170 and NT-TRP 172. ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. ED 110 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable devices, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0050] Each ED 110 represents any end-user device suitable for wireless operation, and may include (or may be referred to as): user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile user unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smart phone, portable computer, computer, tablet computer, wireless sensor, consumer electronic device, smart book, vehicle, car, truck, bus, train or IoT device, industrial equipment or a device in the aforementioned device (e.g., communication module, modem or chip), etc. The next generation ED 110 may be referred to using other terms. Each ED 110 connected to the T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically turned on (i.e., established, activated or enabled), turned off (i.e., released, deactivated or disabled) and / or configured in response to one or more of connection availability and connection necessity.

[0051] ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is shown. One, some or all of the antennas may be flat panels. Transmitter 201 and receiver 203 may be integrated into, for example, a transceiver. The transmitter (or transceiver) is used to modulate data or other content for transmission via at least one antenna 204 or a network interface controller (NIC). The receiver (or transceiver) is used to demodulate data or other content received by at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received wirelessly or wired. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals or wired signals.

[0052] ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. Memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by ED 110. For example, memory 208 may store software instructions or modules that implement some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and are executed by processing unit 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval device. Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache, etc.

[0053] ED 110 may also include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (e.g., connected to Figure 1 The input / output devices support interaction with users or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, including network interface communications, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen.

[0054] ED 110 also includes a processor 210 for performing operations including preparing uplink transmissions to NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170, processing downlink transmissions received from NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170, and processing sidelink transmissions with another ED 110. Processing operations related to preparing uplink transmissions may include operations such as encoding, modulation, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulation, and decoding received symbols. According to an embodiment, the downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203 using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting the signaling and / or decoding the signaling). An example of signaling may be a reference signal transmitted by NT-TRP 172 and / or T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on an indication of a beam direction, such as beam angle information (BAI), received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations related to detecting synchronization sequences, decoding, and obtaining system information. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, for example, using a reference signal received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170.

[0055] Although not shown, the processor 210 may form a part of the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203. Although not shown, the memory 208 may form a part of the processor 210.

[0056] The processor 210 and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 208). Alternatively, the processor 210 and some or all of the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be implemented using a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other dedicated circuit.

[0057] In some implementations, the T-TRP 170 may be represented by other names, such as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), a wireless base station, a network node, a network device, a network-side device, a transmission / reception node, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), a home eNodeB, a next generation NodeB (gNB), a transmission point (TP), a site controller, an access point (AP) or a wireless router, a relay station, a remote radio head, a ground node, a ground network device, or a ground base station, a base band unit (BBU), a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), a remote radio head (RRH), a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a positioning node, etc. The T-TRP 170 may be a macro BS, a micro BS, a relay node, a host node, etc., or a combination thereof. T-TRP 170 may refer to the above-mentioned device, or refer to a means in the above-mentioned device (eg, a communication module, a modem, or a chip).

[0058] In some embodiments, various parts of T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some modules of T-TRP 170 may be remote from the device that houses the antenna of T-TRP 170, and may be coupled to the device that houses the antenna through a communication link (not shown) sometimes referred to as a fronthaul, such as a common public radio interface (CPRI). Therefore, in some embodiments, the term T-TRP 170 may also refer to a module on the network side that performs processing operations such as determining the location of ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, and encoding / decoding, and is not necessarily part of the device that houses the antenna of T-TRP 170. The module may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, T-TRP 170 may actually be multiple T-TRPs that operate together to serve ED 110 through coordinated multi-point transmission or the like.

[0059] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may be flat panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 also includes a processor 260 for performing operations including preparing downlink transmissions to the ED 110, processing uplink transmissions received from the ED 110, preparing backhaul transmissions to the NT-TRP 172, and processing transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 on the backhaul. Processing operations related to preparing downlink transmissions or backhaul transmissions may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmissions in the uplink or on the backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming and demodulating and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of a synchronization signal block (SSB), generating system information, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates a beam direction indication, such as a BAI, that the scheduler 253 may schedule for transmission. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations that may be described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining the location at which the NT-TRP 172 is deployed, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, such as to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. Note that the "signaling" used herein may alternatively be referred to as control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be transmitted in a control channel such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), while static or semi-static higher-layer signaling may be included in a data packet transmitted in a data channel such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0060] The scheduler 253 may be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 may be included in the T-TRP 170 or may operate separately from the T-TRP 170. The scheduler 253 may schedule uplink transmissions, downlink transmissions, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring scheduling-free (“configured grants”) resources. The T-TRP 170 also includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by the processor 260.

[0061] Although not shown, the processor 260 may form a part of the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254. In addition, although not shown, the processor 260 may implement the scheduler 253. Although not shown, the memory 258 may form a part of the processor 260.

[0062] The processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the processing components of the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory, such as the memory 258. Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be implemented using a dedicated circuit such as an FPGA, a GPU, or an ASIC.

[0063] Although NT-TRP 172 is shown as a drone, it is only used as an example. NT-TRP 172 can be implemented in any suitable non-ground form. In addition, in some implementations, NT-TRP 172 can be known by other names, such as non-ground node, non-ground network device or non-ground base station. NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is shown. One, some or all of the antennas can be flat panels. Transmitter 272 and receiver 274 can be integrated into a transceiver. NT-TRP 172 also includes a processor 276 for performing operations including preparing downlink transmissions to ED 110, processing uplink transmissions received from ED 110, preparing backhaul transmissions to T-TRP 170, and processing transmissions received from T-TRP 170 on the backhaul. Processing operations related to preparing for transmission of downlink transmission or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmission beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. Processing operations related to processing received transmission in the uplink or on the backhaul may include operations such as receiving beamforming and demodulating and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmission beamforming and / or receiving beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling, for example, to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing, but does not implement high-level functions, such as functions of the medium access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layer. Since this is just an example, more generally, in addition to physical layer processing, the NT-TRP 172 may also implement high-level functions.

[0064] The NT-TRP 172 also includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not shown, the processor 276 may form part of the transmitter 272 and / or the receiver 274. Although not shown, the memory 278 may form part of the processor 276.

[0065] Processor 276 and the processing components of transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that execute instructions stored in a memory, such as memory 278. Alternatively, processor 276 and some or all of the processing components of transmitter 272 and receiver 274 may be implemented using a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC, etc., dedicated circuit. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 may actually be a plurality of NT-TRPs that operate together to serve ED 110, such as through coordinated multi-point transmission.

[0066] Note that "TRP" as used herein may refer to T-TRP or NT-TRP.

[0067] The T-TRP 170, NT-TRP 172, and / or ED 110 may include other components, but these components have been omitted for clarity.

[0068] One or more steps of the exemplary methods provided herein may be performed, for example, according to Figure 4 The corresponding unit or module is executed. Figure 4 Exemplary units or modules in a device, such as ED 110, T-TRP 170, or NT-TRP 172 are shown. For example, the operation can be controlled by an operating system module. As another example, a signal can be transmitted by a transmission unit or a transmission module. The signal can be received by a receiving unit or a receiving module. The signal can be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Some operations / steps can be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) module or a machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding unit or module can be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more units or modules can be programmed integrated circuits such as FPGAs, GPUs, or ASICs. It should be understood that in the case where a module is implemented, for example, using software executed by a processor, the module can be retrieved by the processor in whole or in part, individually or collectively for processing, in a single or multiple instances as needed, and the module itself may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0069] Additional details regarding ED 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted here.

[0070] Reference is made to control information in some embodiments of this document. Control information may sometimes be referred to as control signaling, or signaling, instead. In some cases, control information may be dynamically transmitted in a physical layer, for example, in a control channel, such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). An example of dynamically indicated control information is information sent in physical layer control signaling, such as uplink control information (UCI) sent in PUCCH or downlink control information (DCI) sent in PDCCH. A dynamic indication may be an indication in a low layer, such as a physical layer / layer 1 signaling, rather than an indication in a high layer (e.g., rather than in RRC signaling or a MAC control element (CE)). A semi-static indication may be an indication in semi-static signaling. Semi-static signaling as used herein may refer to non-dynamic signaling, such as high layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) and / or MAC CE. As used herein, dynamic signaling may refer to dynamic signaling, for example, physical layer control signaling sent in the physical layer, such as DCI sent in the PDCCH or UCI sent in the PUCCH.

[0071] Figure 5 Three EDs are shown communicating with TRP 352 in communication system 100 according to one embodiment. The three EDs are shown as respective different UEs and will be referred to as UE 110x, 110y, and 110z. Hereinafter, when referring to any one of UE 110x, 110y, 110z or any other UE (e.g., UE 110a-j described above), reference character 110 will be used.

[0072] UE 110 represents any suitable end-user device for wireless operation and may include, for example, but not limited to, a smartphone, a laptop, a computer, a tablet, a wireless sensor, a consumer electronic device, a smart book, a vehicle, a car, a truck, a bus, a train, an IoT device, an industrial device, a cellular phone, a station (STA), a machine type communication (MTC) device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), a mobile station, a fixed or mobile subscriber unit, or a device (e.g., a communication module, a modem, or a chip) in any of the foregoing devices.

[0073] TRP 352 may be a T-TRP 170 or a NT-TRP 172. In some embodiments, portions of TRP 352 may be distributed. For example, some modules of TRP 352 may be remote from a device housing an antenna of TRP 352 and may be coupled to the device housing the antenna via a communication link (not shown). For example, a baseband unit (BBU) of TRP 352 may be remote from a radio frequency unit (RFU) of TRP 352. As another example, an antenna of TRP 352 may be remote from an RFU of TRP 352, or alternatively the antenna may be integrated into the RFU. The term antenna as used herein also encompasses flat panels, such as flat panel antennas.

[0074] Since TRP 352 can be distributed, in some embodiments, the term TRP 352 can also or instead refer to a module on the network side that performs processing operations such as resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, encoding / decoding, etc., and is not necessarily part of the device that houses the antenna of TRP 352. These modules can also be coupled to other TRPs. In some embodiments, TRP 352 can actually be multiple TRPs that operate together to serve UEs through coordinated multi-point transmission, etc.

[0075] The TRP 352 includes a transmitter 354 and a receiver 356, which may be integrated as a transceiver. The transmitter 354 and the receiver 356 are coupled to one or more antennas 358. Only one antenna 358 is shown. The TRP 352 also includes a processor 360. The processor 360 performs (or controls the TRP 352 to perform) the operations described herein as being performed by the TRP 352, as described below and elsewhere in this application. The processor 360 generates messages for downlink transmissions and processes received uplink transmissions. Generating messages for downlink transmissions may include arranging information in a message format, encoding the message, modulating, performing beamforming (as needed), etc. Processing uplink transmissions may include performing beamforming (as needed), demodulating and decoding received messages, etc. Although not shown, the processor 360 may form part of the transmitter 354 and / or the receiver 356. The TRP 352 also includes a memory 362 for storing information (e.g., control information and / or data). The information stored in memory 362 may include control information and / or data associated with some or all operations performed by TRP 352, such as some or all instructions to be executed by processor 360 of TRP 352.

[0076] Processor 360 and the processing components of transmitter 354 and receiver 356 may be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 362). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components of processor 360 and / or transmitter 354 and / or receiver 356 may be implemented using dedicated circuits, such as a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC.

[0077] If TRP 352 is T-TRP 170, transmitter 354 may be or include transmitter 252, receiver 356 may be or include receiver 254, processor 360 may be or include processor 260 and may implement scheduler 253, and memory 362 may be or include memory 258. If TRP 352 is NT-TRP 172, transmitter 354 may be or include transmitter 272, receiver 356 may be or include receiver 274, processor 360 may be or include processor 276, and memory 362 may be or include memory 278.

[0078] As previously described, each UE 110 (e.g., each of UE 110x, 110y, and 110z) includes a corresponding processor 210, memory 208, transmitter 201, receiver 203, and one or more antennas 204. For simplicity, only the processor 210, memory 208, transmitter 201, receiver 203, and antenna 204 of UE 110x are shown, but other UEs 110y and 110z also include the same corresponding components.

[0079] The processor 210 performs (or controls the UE 110 to perform) operations described herein as being performed by the UE 110, as described below and elsewhere in this application. The processor 210 generates messages for uplink transmissions and processes received downlink transmissions. Generating messages for uplink transmissions may include arranging information in a message format, encoding, modulating, performing beamforming (as needed), etc. Processing received downlink transmissions may include performing beamforming (as needed), demodulating and decoding received messages, etc. Although not shown, the processor 210 may form part of the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203. Although not shown, the memory 208 may form part of the processor 210. The memory 208 may be used to store control information and / or data associated with some or all of the operations performed by the UE 110, such as some or all of the instructions to be executed by the processor 210 of the UE 110.

[0080] Wireless communication between UE and TRP

[0081] Wireless communication between UEs (e.g., UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z) and TRP 352 is performed on a spectrum of frequencies that occupy a bandwidth. The spectrum may include one or more carriers and / or one or more bandwidth parts (BWPs). The spectrum will be referred to as a frequency resource. Wireless communication occurs over a period of time, which is referred to as a time resource. Therefore, the term time-frequency resource will be used to refer to the time resources and frequency resources over which wireless communication occurs. The bits to be transmitted wirelessly are mapped onto symbols for wireless transmission over the time-frequency resources. Symbols may be transmitted on a single carrier waveform or on a multi-carrier waveform. In the case of a multi-carrier waveform, the symbols may be referred to as multi-carrier symbols.

[0082] An example of a multi-carrier symbol is an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A multi-carrier symbol may be generated as follows. A serial-to-parallel conversion is performed on the set of bits to be transmitted to produce M parallel groups of bits. Each group of bits is then mapped to a corresponding data symbol (e.g., using a modulator) to produce M data symbols X1 to X M Each data symbol X1 to X M The data symbols X1 to X are used for transmission on corresponding different subcarriers, and the subcarriers have a specific subcarrier spacing. M After undergoing an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) (which may be implemented as an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) in some embodiments) to generate N time domain sample outputs, where N is typically greater than M, parallel-to-serial conversion and optional cyclic prefix (CP) insertion are performed. A multi-carrier symbol including an optional redundant portion (e.g., CP) and an information portion carrying data and / or control information represented by bits is thereby generated. The multi-carrier symbol may be transmitted on a time-frequency resource consisting of a specific number of subcarriers in the frequency domain and a specific duration in the time domain. The duration of a transmission symbol may be referred to as a symbol duration.

[0083] A resource element (RE) may refer to 1 subcarrier by 1 symbol in a time-frequency resource. A resource block (RB) (sometimes referred to as a physical resource block (PRB)) may refer to a unit of time-frequency resources that may be allocated / scheduled for transmission.

[0084] Different parts of the time-frequency resources may be divided into different channels dedicated to different purposes. For example, a part of the time-frequency resources may be an uplink control channel in which UE 110x, 110y, and 110z may transmit uplink control information (UCI). The uplink control channel may be referred to as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). As another example, another part of the time-frequency resources may be a downlink control channel in which TRP 352 may transmit downlink control information (DCI). The downlink control channel may be referred to as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). As another example, another part of the time-frequency resources may be a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for transmitting data from TRP 352 to one or more UEs. As another example, another part of the time-frequency resources may be a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for transmitting data from one or more UEs to TRP 352. The above are examples only. Additional and / or different channels may be defined.

[0085] Depending on the application, the network may grant some or all uplink transmissions from the UE. For example, the UE requests uplink time-frequency resources from TRP 352, TRP 352 grants the uplink time-frequency resources, and then the UE sends the uplink transmission using the authorized uplink time-frequency resources. Additionally or optionally, some or all uplink transmissions from the UE may not require authorization. That is, the UE may send uplink transmissions using certain uplink time-frequency resources that may be shared with other UEs without specifically requesting the use of those time-frequency resources. Unauthorized uplink transmissions do not require dynamic and explicit scheduling authorization from TRP 352. Unauthorized uplink transmissions are sometimes referred to as "unauthorized," "scheduled-free," or "unscheduled" transmissions, or transmissions that do not require authorization.

[0086] During wireless communication, one or more reference sequences may be transmitted over a wireless channel on one or more reference signals. The reference sequence has a value known in advance by the receiving device. The receiving device may use the received reference sequence to perform channel estimation on the channel over which the reference sequence is received. The receiving device may then use the channel estimate to decode information (e.g., control information and / or data) received from the transmitting device on the channel. The reference signal may be transmitted on a multi-carrier symbol or on a portion of a time-frequency resource in a single carrier symbol. The set of time-frequency locations over which one or more reference signals are transmitted may be referred to as a reference signal pattern.

[0087] The time domain signal transmission structure can be defined to perform wireless communications, such as to allow time reference and time alignment of basic time domain transmission units. For example, a time slot can be defined to have a specific duration (referred to as a time slot duration) during which a specific number of symbols can be transmitted. In some cases, a time slot can be defined as a specific number of symbols (e.g., 14 OFDM symbols). The time domain signal transmission structure can be controlled by a frame structure.

[0088] In some embodiments, different system parameters (numerology) may be supported, each corresponding to a different subcarrier spacing (SCS). The symbol duration depends on the system parameter or the SCS. For example, the smaller the SCS, the longer the symbol duration. The slot duration and / or frame duration (if applicable) may or may not depend on the system parameters. In one example, for a 15kHz SCS, a slot is defined as having a duration of 1ms, while for a 30kHz SCS, a slot is defined as having a duration of 0.5ms.

[0089] When the UEs communicate wirelessly with TRP 352, time synchronization of communications from multiple UEs may be required. For example, TRP 352 may wish to ensure that uplink communications from UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z are aligned with each other in terms of time of arrival at TRP 352, for example, to ensure that downlink time slots and uplink time slots and / or symbols are synchronized at TRP 352. However, UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z are typically located at different locations relative to TRP 352, so that the signals sent to / received from TRP 352 by each UE 110x, 110y, and 110z may have different propagation delays. In the absence of a time synchronization mechanism, uplink transmissions from different UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z typically do not arrive at TRP 352 at the same time due to different propagation delays.

[0090] The timing advance (TA) value is a time offset that UE 110 can use to compensate for the propagation delay of UE 110 so that the UE's uplink transmission is synchronized in time with the uplink transmissions of other UEs. TRP 352 can provide a corresponding TA value to each UE 110, and the TA value depends on the propagation delay of the UE, for example, the roundtrip time (RTT) of the UE. Therefore, different UEs may have different TA values. UE 110 can apply a negative time offset between the received downlink time and the start of the transmitted uplink time, where the negative time offset is based on the TA value. TRP 352 can calculate the TA value, for example, using the preamble transmitted by UE 110, and then the TA value can be provided to UE 110 for UE 110 to perform the negative offset. The TA value can be provided in high-layer signaling, such as in a MAC CE. In the embodiments described herein, the TA value can be provided in dynamic signaling in addition or instead.

[0091] RS protection and TA in FD transmission

[0092] As described above, for a node (e.g., a device or apparatus in a wireless network) supporting full duplex (FD) transmission, the transmission signal may be a self-interference signal of the received signal, for example, due to signal leakage on the transmission side of the node (e.g., on a leakage channel). In order to more effectively detect and properly detect the actual received signal (the received signal not affected by self-interference), it is generally desirable to keep the reference signal (RS) used in the transmission signal on the transmission side of the node from being contaminated by incoming received signals from other nodes so that the reference signal can be used to more accurately estimate the leakage channel.

[0093] Figure 6 An exemplary network with two nodes supporting FD operation mode is shown, where RS is used for channel estimation. Both node 1 and node 2 can be any of the wireless nodes described above, such as TRP 352, T-TRP (e.g., T-TRP 170, fixed base station), NT-TRP (e.g., NT-TRP 172, mobile base station such as drone BS), device, customer premises equipment (CPE), UE 110 and / or sensor node. Both node 1 and node 2 can support Figure 6 Optionally, only one of node 1 and node 2 can operate in FD mode. For example, Figure 6In another scenario not shown in , only node 1 can operate in FD mode, while node 2 operates in half-duplex (HD) mode. At node 1 and node 2, there is a leakage channel due to the FD operation mode and the resulting signal with self-interference.

[0094] refer to Figure 6 , node 1 can simultaneously send a transmission signal S1(t) to node 2 and receive a reception signal S2(t) from node 2. One or more reference signals {RS1} are used in the transmission signal S1(t) on the transmission side of node 1. The reference signal {RS1} is needed to estimate the leakage channel for the self-interference signal X1(t) on the transmission side of node 1. The reference signal {RS1} is also used on the reception side of node 2 to estimate the channel and detect the signal Similarly, node 2 can simultaneously send a transmission signal S2(t) to node 1 and receive a reception signal S1(t) from node 1. One or more reference signals {RS2} are used in the transmission signal S2(t) on the transmission side of node 2. The reference signal {RS2} is needed to estimate the leakage channel for the self-interference signal X2(t) at the transmission side of node 2. The reference signal {RS2} is also used on the reception side of node 1 to estimate the channel and detect the signal

[0095] For example, in the case where only node 1 operates in FD mode and node 2 operates in HD mode, node 1 transmits signal S1(t) to nodes other than node 2 while node 1 receives signal S2(t) from node 2, and receives signal S2(t) from another node other than node 2 while node 1 transmits signal S1(t) to node 2. This is because node 2 operates in HD mode, making it impossible for node 2 to transmit signals to node 1 and receive signals from node 1 at the same time.

[0096] In some cases, a node operating in FD mode may transmit multiple signals simultaneously, for example, via multiple beams or multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmissions. In this case, it may be necessary to protect all RSs used in these transmission signals on the transmission side of the node in order to, for example, more accurately estimate leakage channels and self-interference signals, thereby possibly measuring the overall cancellation associated with all received signals.

[0097] In some embodiments, the present application relates to how to protect the RS used in the transmission signal without being interfered with by the received signal from other nodes (e.g., self-interference) when only one node (e.g., node 1) operates in FD mode and when two nodes (e.g., node 1 and node 2) operate in FD mode.

[0098] The present application provides an apparatus and method for protecting a reference signal and / or adjusting a timing advance (TA) value to be used for time synchronization in FD transmission, thereby possibly enhancing FD transmission in a wireless network. Some embodiments of the present application may provide two nodes (e.g., a UE and a BS) participating in the transmission to jointly configure a reference signal for transmitting and receiving signals, so that the reference signal can be protected and interference with received signals from other nodes can be avoided or reduced. The reference signal can be used in a transmission signal on the transmission side of a node operating in FD mode.

[0099] In wireless networks, such as in current time division duplex (TDD) networks, downlink (DL) RS signals from the BS, such as demodulation reference signals (DMRS), can be used for channel estimation on the UE side. In this case, interference to the DL RS signal may not be important on the transmission side or the BS side. The current time alignment of DL transmission and uplink (UL) transmission on the BS side can be based on the timing advance (TA) signaling for UE UL transmission, and the current TA granularity is 0.52μs, which can be indicated by a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or a radio resource control (RRC) signaling. However, due to, for example, slow time adjustment indications for symbol alignment (e.g., MAC CE indications, RRC signaling), this TA adjustment scheme may not meet the requirements for FD transmission in future wireless networks in terms of TA granularity. Especially for network transmissions using symbols with duration as short as 1 μs, such as new radio (NR) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols with 960 kHz subcarrier spacing (SCS), slow time adjustment indication may be undesirable.

[0100] Figure 7 An exemplary timing advance (TA) applied based on the round trip time (RTT) between a TRP and a UE in a division duplex (TDD) network is shown, where the TRP and the UE operate in HD TDD mode. Figure 7, TRP 352 and UE 110x communicate wirelessly on a specific frequency resource, which in the example shown is a BWP labeled BWP 1. For clarity, the transmission and reception are not shown superimposed together, but typically they can be on exactly the same frequency resource or for the same system channel bandwidth, such as 100 MHz. TRP 352 transmits a downlink transmission of symbols starting at time t0. The downlink transmission is performed on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) 701, and UE 110x receives the downlink transmission starting at time t1. The downlink transmission schedules an uplink transmission to be sent by UE110x on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) 713. The downlink transmission can also schedule another downlink transmission to be sent to another UE 110a on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) 703. Figure 7 . Other downlink transmissions on PDSCH 703 for other UEs 110a may have reference signals 703a used therein. Uplink transmissions on PUSCH 713 may use RS 713a therein, and the uplink transmissions are scheduled to be received at TRP 352 starting at time t4, which will be synchronized in time with receiving uplink transmissions from other UEs (e.g., UE 110a). UE 110x applies a TA value that depends on RTT to start transmitting its uplink transmission at time t3. Therefore, assuming that there is a minimum switching interval 715 (the minimum time required to switch between UL transmission and DL transmission), the uplink transmission to be received at TRP 352 via PUSCH 713 can be scheduled taking into account the RTT and the minimum switching interval 715. The RTT in this example is (t4-t3)+(t1-t0). Assuming that the time of the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission is the same, the RTT can be estimated using one of the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission. In this example, the RTT can be estimated as 2×(t4-t3) or 2×(t1-t0).

[0101] In some embodiments, the present application relates to how to perform faster and more precise time alignment of transmission signals and reception signals when only one node in the transmission (e.g., a base station (BS)) operates in FD mode and when both nodes in the transmission (e.g., a BS and a UE) operate in FD mode.

[0102] In some embodiments, two nodes participating in the transmission (e.g., UE, BS, TRP, and any other wireless access node) jointly configure a reference signal (e.g., DMRS) in a shared spectrum or subband (e.g., bandwidth part (BWP)) so that the reference signal can be protected and the interference of received signals from other nodes to the transmission side of the node can be avoided or reduced. For example, self-interference can be estimated more efficiently and accurately, and self-interference cancellation (SIC) can be performed on the transmission side of a node operating in FD mode. Specifically, some protection areas can be reserved, or some parts of the time-frequency resources associated with the DLRS signal and the UL RS signal can be punctured or rate matched in the transmission direction and the reception direction. In the present application, a network node or a node can be understood as a UE, a BS, a TRP, or any other wireless access node. In the present application, although the device is shown as a UE and the equipment is shown as a BS or a TRP, it should be noted that the device and the equipment can be a UE, a BS, a TRP, or any other wireless access node. In other words, the methods shown in the present application can be applied to various types of communication links, such as BS-UE access (Uu) links, UE-UE sidelinks (SL) and / or access node-access node wireless backhaul (Un) links. In the present application, puncturing can be understood as, for example, not transmitting on certain parts of the time-frequency resources, so that nothing is transmitted on the punctured parts of the time-frequency resources. Indicating certain resources to be punctured may involve indicating that such resources will be used with certain coding / modulation schemes, rate matching and / or resource element (RE) zeroing. In the present application, rate matching can be understood as, for example, discarding certain coded bits (e.g., redundant data bits) to produce data transmission equivalent to the remaining unpunctured time-frequency resources.

[0103] In some embodiments, FD transmission in a wireless network is enhanced by faster and finer time adjustment or alignment of transmitted and received signals. Dynamic indications about time alignment (e.g., symbol alignment and / or advance time adjustment) can be used, for example, by sending TA information using dynamic signaling such as DCI (possibly in combination with high-layer signaling) to achieve faster and finer time alignment. Instead of or in addition to using time adjustment (e.g., timing advance (TA) adjustment) of medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) or radio resource control (RRC) signaling, a dynamic indication scheme can be used. The frequency and configuration associated with the time adjustment or alignment of a node in FD operation mode may depend on system parameters, cell radius / size and / or frequency band.

[0104] In some embodiments, in order to reduce signaling overhead and power consumption, grant-free (GF) transmission and reception can be applied to some static devices and / or equipment (e.g., static industrial internet-of-thing (IIoT)) in FD operation mode.

[0105] According to some embodiments of the present application, a device (e.g., a BS) operating in FD mode and one or more devices operating in HD mode may be provided in a wireless network. Figure 8 UE 110x in the embodiment may receive information from a device indicating a first portion of time-frequency resources to be punctured by the device in a transmission direction of the device (e.g., UL transmission direction) so as to avoid or reduce interference of one or more RS signals transmitted from the device (e.g., DL RS transmitted from the BS to the UE), wherein the device may also be configured to transmit one or more RS signals (e.g., DMRS) to the device (e.g., UL transmission). Figure 8 is shown as an example.

[0106] Figure 8 A method for protecting reference signals and adjusting timing advance (TA) in a network where TRP 352 operates in FD mode and UE 110x operates in HD mode according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 8, TRP 352 and UE 110x communicate wirelessly on a specific frequency resource, which in the example shown is a BWP within the system channel bandwidth labeled BWP 1. For clarity, the transmission and reception are not shown superimposed together, but in general they can be within the system channel bandwidth on the exact same frequency resource or overlapping frequency resources for transmission and reception.

[0107] TRP 352 may be scheduled on PDSCH 703 to UE 110a ( Figure 8 DL transmission of UE 110x to UE 110a). DL RS 703a and DL RS 703b may be used in DL transmission to UE 110a. When TRP 352 is transmitting DL RS 703a and / or DL ​​RS 703b, TRP 352 does not intend to receive anything at the time-frequency position where DL RS 703a and / or DL ​​RS 703b are transmitted. To this end, the UE needs to puncture the portion of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the time-frequency position of DL RS 703a and / or DL ​​RS 703b in the uplink transmission from the UE. Therefore, it is necessary to transmit information indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured by UE 110x for UL transmission to UE 110x. The information indicates the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured, in other words, indicates to UE 110x the time-frequency position where DL RS 703a and / or DL ​​RS 703b are transmitted, and instructs UE 110x to avoid any UL transmission.

[0108] In some embodiments, UE 110x may puncture a first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources in UL transmissions to protect RS 703b transmitted by TRP 352, as shown. Additionally or alternatively, the first portion 713p may be punctured to protect higher priority traffic (DL or UL), sensing signals (DL or UL), control signals, group-based or UE-specific synchronization signals, and / or other RS ​​(e.g., network broadcast signals, paging signals, DL or UL beam pilot signals). The use of the first portion 713p by TRP 352 may or may not be transparent to UE 110x and other devices and / or apparatuses, e.g., UE 110x may not be aware that TRP 352 transmits RS 703b to UE 110a at the time-frequency location. In some embodiments, portion 703p of the time-frequency resources may be punctured by TRP 352 to protect RS 713a in UL transmissions from UE 110x to TRP 352.

[0109] TRP 352 transmits information indicating a first portion 713p of time-frequency resources to be punctured for UL transmission to UE 110x. Information indicating first portion 713p is transmitted by TRP 352 starting at time t0 and received by UE 110x starting at time t1.

[0110] Information indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured may be transmitted on the PDCCH 701. Figure 8 In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured is transmitted using PDCCH 701, but in some other embodiments, other control channels may be used, such as a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel. The information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may include first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part 713p and / or second information indicating one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part 713p. In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may be included in downlink control information (DCI) or sidelink control information (SCI). In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may be provided additionally or alternatively in higher layer signaling, such as RRC signaling or MAC CE.

[0111] Additionally or alternatively, TRP 352 may transmit to UE 110x an indication to transmit reference signal RS 713a in an UL transmission on symbols included in second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources. Information indicating the symbols and / or frequency locations at which UE 110x is to transmit RS 713a may be transmitted on PDCCH 701 starting at time t0, along with information indicating first portion 713p to be punctured, and thus may also be received by UE 110x starting at time t1. Although Figure 8 RS 713a and RS 703a / 703b are shown to be in different symbols, but in some other cases, RS 713a and RS 703a or RS 703b may be located in the same symbol.

[0112] After receiving information from TRP 352 indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured, UE 110x punctures the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources for UL transmission. UE 110x sends UL transmissions to TRP 352 on the second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources, for example, via PUSCH 713, starting at time t3. After receiving information indicating the completion of the first portion 713p, at least the required time t3 is the minimum switching interval 715. The second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources does not include the punctured first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources. The punctured first portion 713p corresponds to the time-frequency position at which the DL RS 703b is transmitted to UE 110a. The second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources may include RS 713a at the time-frequency position (e.g., symbol and / or frequency position) specified in the indication from TRP 352. In other words, UE 110x sends RS 713a in its UL transmission according to the instructions from TRP 352.

[0113] TRP 352 receives second portion 710 of time-frequency resources from UE 110x starting at time t4, and second portion 710 does not include punctured first portion 713p. If second portion 710 of time-frequency resources includes RS 713a, TRP 352 also needs to puncture or rate match the time-frequency position corresponding to the time-frequency position at which RS 713a is transmitted in the downlink during UL transmission of UE 110x via PUSCH 713. This punctured time-frequency position is at Figure 8 The punched portion 703p is shown in the middle.

[0114] In this application, only one RS is transmitted and received on only one symbol (eg, Figures 8 to 9 and DL RS 703a, DL RS 703b, DL RS 1203a, DL RS 1203b, UL RS 713a in 12 to 13, so as to clearly illustrate the present application. However, it should be noted that in some cases, one or more RSs may be transmitted and received on more than one symbol. More than one RS may be transmitted and received on one symbol within a duration. In any case, all portions of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the time-frequency positions at which one or more RS signals are transmitted and / or received in any direction (e.g., transmission and / or reception direction; UL and / or DL) may need to be punctured to protect RS signals in FD operation. In other words, if RS is transmitted and / or received within more than one symbol time period, the portions to be punctured for protecting RS (e.g., Figures 8 to 9 and DL RS 703a, DL RS 703b, DL RS 1203a, DL RS 1203b, UL RS 713a) in 12 to 13 (e.g., Figures 8 to 9 The punched portions 703p, 713p, 1203p) in and 12 to 13 may be more than one symbol.

[0115] In some embodiments, in order to keep the transmission signal and the received signal time-aligned so that the device (e.g., TRP 352) is time-slot aligned or symbol-aligned, a time alignment adjustment (e.g., symbol time adjustment, TA adjustment) of the UL transmission can be dynamically indicated. The time alignment adjustment can be specific to each device (e.g., UE 110) because each device (e.g., UE 110) can have a different RTT or distance to the device (e.g., TRP 352), for example, depending on its location. Therefore, in Figure 8 In the case of a TA adjustment that is to be applied to the UL transmission, the TRP 352 may transmit one or more indications of a TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x using higher layer signaling and / or DCI signaling (possibly together with the UL transmission scheduling). For example, the TRP 352 may transmit an indication of a first TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x in the higher layer signaling, and may also transmit an indication of a second TA adjustment to be applied to the UE 110x in the DCI instead of or in addition to the first TA adjustment. In some embodiments, the first TA adjustment may be a set of TA adjustment indications that may be selected from the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI, or a set of coarse TA indications that may be further adjusted and refined using the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI. In some embodiments, the indication of the second TA adjustment may independently provide one or more TA adjustment parameters. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used for time alignment adjustment in a variety of ways. The indication of the second TA adjustment may directly provide one or more TA adjustment parameters that may contain absolute values. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be selected from a set of TA adjustment indications (i.e., first TA adjustment indications) configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used to further adjust and refine the first TA adjustment (eg, coarse TA indication) configured by higher layer signaling (eg, RRC signaling).

[0116] To further illustrate the TA adjustment, a Fig. 9 . Fig. 9 A method for protecting reference signals and adjusting TA in a network where the TRP operates in FD mode and the UE operates in HD mode according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, wherein the RTT between the TRP 352 and the UE110x is large (e.g., greater than one symbol in duration). Fig. 9 An exemplary transmission between TRP 352 and UE 110x is shown substantially similar to Figure 8 , but the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is larger (e.g., the distance between TRP 352 and UE 110x is larger).

[0117] exist Fig. 9 For example, due to the mobility of UE 110x and the size of the large cell associated with TRP 352, UE 110x has a larger RTT=(t4-t3)+(t1-t0), so that the TA value (t4-t3) is greater than one symbol length. UE 110x may be far away from TRP 352, which may result in a larger RTT delay. On the other hand, the symbol time length may depend on the system parameters used in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. The relationship between the subcarrier spacing (SCS), the symbol duration, and the distance between the UE and the TRP (e.g., BS) is shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, SCS indicates the subcarrier spacing, T_s indicates the symbol duration with a normal cyclic prefix (NCP), and UE-TRP indicates the distance between the UE and the TRP (e.g., BS).

[0118] Table 1

[0119]

[0120] It is clear from Table 1 that in some scenarios, the symbol duration may be small, which may result in TA being more than one symbol, such as Fig. 9 The situation in.

[0121] In some embodiments, time-frequency resources may be configured to support only devices (e.g., TRP, BS) in FD operating mode. In order to dynamically indicate time alignment adjustments (e.g., TA adjustments) for UL transmissions and DL transmissions at a device (e.g., TRP, BS) so that the devices are slot aligned or symbol aligned, device-specific signaling (e.g., UE-specific signaling) may be used. In some embodiments, device-specific high-layer signaling and / or device-specific dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling) may be used for faster and finer time alignment adjustments. Device-specific high-layer signaling and / or device-specific dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling) may be received by the device from the device (e.g., BS, TRP). In these embodiments, for example, the time alignment adjustment granularity (e.g., time step size) may be less than 0.52us, and / or may depend on system parameters or symbol duration (e.g., 1% of symbol duration). In addition, the time alignment adjustment rate or frequency may be consistent with the communication between the device and the device (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 The TRP 352 in is associated with the RTT between UE 110x).

[0122] In some embodiments, DCI signaling with newly defined parameters (e.g., full duplex radio network temporary identifier (FD-RNTI), such as DCI with FD-RNTI scrambled cyclic redundancy check (CRC)) may be used to communicate to a device (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 UE 110x in the transmission indicates the portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 The information may include the position of one or more punctured symbols in one or more configurable time slots and the position of resource elements (REs) within the BWP. The punctured symbol positions and RE positions may be indicated in the form of a bitmap.

[0123] In some embodiments, multicast signaling with newly defined parameters may be used (e.g., for a group of devices (e.g., Figure 5 The UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z in the group may transmit to the group a full duplex radio network temporary identifier (FD-RNTI), such as a DCI with a CRC scrambled with the FD-RNTI, indicating a portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 By using multicast signaling, information indicating the portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched can be transmitted to all devices in the group in a single multicast transmission, thereby reducing signaling. The information may include the location of one or more punctured symbols in one or more configurable time slots and the location of resource elements (REs) within the BWP. The punctured symbol locations and RE locations may be indicated in the form of a bitmap.

[0124] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource may be represented by a portion of the time-frequency resource that is punctured or to be punctured (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 The information and / or other signaling indicating the portion of the time-frequency resource to be punctured or to be punctured may be configured by one or a combination of: high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling), or pre-configuration of the network (e.g., predefined configuration). The DCI signaling may be used in the device (e.g., Figure 8 and 9 The device-specific portion (eg, Figure 8 and 9 The first part 713p in the DCI signaling packet is punctured or rate matched. Possibly newly defined parameters (e.g., FD-RNTI) (if applicable) and a corresponding control resource set (CORESET) for monitoring associated DCI signaling may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) or may be preconfigured or predefined by the network.

[0125] In some embodiments, an apparatus (e.g., UE) has information indicating the time-frequency position of an RS to be transmitted and / or received by a device (e.g., TRP, BS) in a time-frequency resource, the apparatus may puncture a portion of the time-frequency resource on one or more symbols transmitted by the apparatus, wherein the one or more symbols overlap with symbols of the transmitted and / or received RS, without receiving information indicating the portion of the time-frequency resource that is punctured or to be punctured from the device (e.g., BS, TRP).

[0126] It may be noted that in some embodiments, some portions of the time-frequency resources may not be punctured. For example, some portions of the time-frequency resources may need to be reserved for a device (e.g., BS, TRP) or an apparatus (e.g., UE) because system information will be transmitted or received on said portion of the time-frequency resources. Therefore, another node (e.g., UE, BS, TRP) may not be allowed to transmit RS on said portion of the time-frequency resources (to avoid interference with the system information); or said portion of the time-frequency resources is intended for higher priority transmissions and may not be punctured.

[0127] There may be a wireless network in which a device (e.g., BS, TRP) operates in FD mode and one or more devices (e.g., UE) also operate in FD mode. One or more devices in FD mode can simultaneously transmit and receive services using the same (shared) spectrum or subband (BWP) in the system channel bandwidth of one frequency band. In this case, the time alignment indication method described above can be used to provide time alignment of transmission signals and reception signals at the device (e.g., BS, TRP). On the other hand, due to the unpredictable position of the device (e.g., UE) relative to the device (e.g., BS, TRP), it may not be possible to guarantee and in fact it is impossible to achieve time alignment of transmission signals and reception signals at the device (e.g., UE). In the network, there may be constraints on the device side to maintain and / or guarantee time synchronization. Therefore, each device may need to apply a TA value based on the RTT between the devices, and due to the application of this TA value, the time alignment at the device may not be guaranteed because the distance between the devices varies according to the position of the devices relative to the devices. Time alignment at the device and the device is Fig.10 and11 Shown in.

[0128] Fig.10 and 11 FIG. 3 shows the time alignment of transmissions between TRP 352 and UE 110x and 110y in a network where TRP 352 and UE 110x operate in FD mode according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 , and in HD TDD mode (only the receive side is shown). Fig.11 In the FD mode. Fig.10 and 11 As shown in FIG. 3 , TRP 352 is time slot aligned or symbol aligned, but UEs 110x and 110y cannot guarantee such time slot alignment or symbol alignment, for example because the positions of UEs 110x and 110y (particularly relative to TRP 352) are unpredictable.

[0129] Therefore, in a network where both the device (e.g., BS, TRP) and the apparatus (e.g., UE) operate in FD mode, for example, when two nodes (e.g., UE and BS / TRP) involved in the transmission jointly configure reference signals for transmitting and receiving signals, it may be necessary to consider the time misalignment between DL reception and UL transmission on the device (e.g., UE) side, so that the reference signal can be protected and interference with received signals from other nodes can be avoided or reduced. In some embodiments, by puncturing or rate matching the time-frequency resources at more symbols in the receiving direction and the transmission direction, this time misalignment on the device (e.g., UE) side and / or the device (e.g., TRP / BS) side can be compensated, so that the punctured (one or more) symbols of the time-frequency resources overlap with the symbols of the RS transmitted by the device (e.g., UE) and / or the symbols of the RS transmitted from the device (e.g., BS, TRP). The punctured symbols can be punctured at the same frequency position of the transmitted and / or received RS. In some embodiments, some or all of the punctured symbols are adjacent to each other. The protection of the transmitted RS signal in the FD operation on the transmission side will be discussed below. In view of the time slot alignment or symbol alignment on the device (e.g., BS, TRP, or UE for sidelink) side in the FD operation mode, when the device is to send RS in a specific symbol at a specific frequency position, if the device (e.g., UE or BS for wireless backhaul) is to use the time-frequency resources at the symbol, the device (e.g., UE or BS for wireless backhaul) may need to puncture a portion of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the time-frequency position where the device is to send RS. On the other hand, assuming that time misalignment (e.g., time slot misalignment, symbol misalignment) usually occurs on the device (e.g., UE) side in FD operation, the symbol associated with the time-frequency resource position where the device is to send RS may overlap with two symbols associated with the service sent from the device (e.g., BS, TRP, or UE for sidelink) and received by the device (e.g., UE or BS for wireless backhaul). Therefore, if the device is to use resources in two associated symbols for transmission, the device may need to puncture a portion of the time-frequency resources where the device is to send RS on two associated symbols. The protection of received RS signals in FD operation is now discussed below. When performing channel estimation for detecting and decoding a signal received at a node, the RS signal received at the node needs to be protected to avoid or reduce interference from the transmission service of the node. Due to time misalignment on the device side (e.g., slot misalignment, symbol misalignment), a symbol comprising a portion of the time-frequency resource on the receiving side of a device (e.g., UE) may or may not be time-aligned with a transmission symbol from the device, where the device receives the RS from a device (e.g., BS, TRP) on the receiving side. Therefore, it may be necessary to puncture one or more transmission symbols at the device at the frequency position of the received RS.One or more transmission symbols overlap with symbols of RS transmitted from other nodes. When time alignment (e.g., slot alignment, symbol alignment) is maintained between transmission and reception at the device, one punctured symbol is sufficient, and when symbol alignment is not maintained between transmission and reception at the device, two adjacent symbols may need to be punctured. It is expected that when FD operation is utilized to provide time alignment (e.g., slot alignment or symbol alignment) on the device (e.g., BS, TRP, or UE for sidelink) side and time misalignment (e.g., symbol misalignment) is provided on the device (e.g., UE) side, the device and / or equipment may need to puncture a portion of the time-frequency resource on at least two symbols to protect the received RS. If the transmit-receive RTT is much less than one symbol in duration (depending on the system parameters used), the frequency position corresponding to the frequency position of the received RS may be punctured in two adjacent symbols to protect the received RS, wherein the two adjacent symbols overlap or are associated with the symbol at which the received RS is located on the transmission side of the device. The puncturing portion of the time-frequency resources in two adjacent symbols can protect the RS at the transmission end of the device, because the two adjacent symbols overlap with the symbol where the RS is located at the transmission side of the device, such as. Fig.12 As shown in . If the transmit-receive RTT is much longer than one symbol in duration, the frequency position corresponding to the frequency position of the received RS can be punctured in three (or more) symbols to protect the received RS, wherein the three (or more) symbols overlap or are associated with the symbol where the received RS is located on the transmission side of the device node. The punctured portion of the time-frequency resources in these three (or more) symbols can also play a protective role at the transmission end of the device, because these three (or more) symbols overlap with the symbol where the RS is located on the transmission side of the device, as shown in Fig.13 As shown in . Due to the large RTT value, it is necessary to puncture the time-frequency resources in additional symbols (e.g., more than two symbols). From a practical point of view, if the transmitting device and the receiving device are not time-aligned (e.g., symbol alignment, time slot alignment) in both transmission and reception, the time-frequency resources can be punctured in (at most) four symbols within the duration to protect one symbol associated with the RS transmitted by the device.

[0130] Fig.12 The method for protecting reference signals and adjusting TA in a network where both TRP 352 and UE 110x operate in FD mode according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.12 , the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is less than one symbol in duration. Fig.12, TRP 352 and UE 110x communicate wirelessly on a specific frequency resource, which in the example shown is a BWP within the system channel bandwidth of the frequency band labeled BWP 1. For clarity, the transmission and reception are not shown superimposed together, but in general they can be on exactly the same frequency resource.

[0131] TRP 352 may schedule DL transmissions to UE 110x on PDSCH 1203. DL RS 1203a and DL RS 1203b may be used in DL transmissions to UE 110x. When TRP 352 is transmitting DL RS 1203a and / or DL ​​RS 1203b, TRP 352 does not need to receive anything (or needs to receive a null signal) at the time-frequency position where DL RS 1203a and / or DL ​​RS 1203b are transmitted. To this end, the UE needs to puncture a portion of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the time-frequency position of DL RS 1203a and / or DL ​​RS 1203b in the uplink transmission from the UE.

[0132] Therefore, in order to support TRP 352 and UE 110x (and Fig.12 In the FD operation mode of the UE 110x (other UEs not shown in the figure), the UE 110x may receive information from the TRP 352 indicating the first part 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured in the transmission direction (e.g., UL transmission direction) of the UE 110x to avoid and / or reduce interference of the DL RS 1203a and / or DL ​​RS 1203b transmitted by the TRP 352. The information indicates the first part 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured, in other words, indicates the time-frequency position at which the DL RS 1203a and / or DL ​​RS 1203b are sent.

[0133] In some embodiments, UE 110x may puncture a first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources in an UL transmission to protect RS 1203b transmitted by TRP 352, as shown. In addition or alternatively, information indicating the first portion 713p to be punctured may be used for other purposes, such as to protect higher priority services (DL or UL), sensing signals (DL or UL), control signals, group-based or UE-specific synchronization signals, and / or other RS ​​(e.g., network broadcast signals, paging signals, DL or UL beam pilot signals). The use of the first portion 713p by TRP 352 may or may not be transparent to UE 110x and other devices and / or apparatuses, depending on the scenario. In some embodiments, TRP 352 may puncture a portion 1203p of the time-frequency resources to protect RS 713a in an UL transmission from UE 110x to TRP 352 in the transmission direction of UE 110x. The punctured portion 1203p of the time-frequency resource may also protect RS 713a in the receive direction of TRP 352 from interference from the transmission traffic of TRP 352. Protecting RS 713a in the receive direction of TRP 352 may be advantageous, particularly in situations where RS 713a is required to perform channel estimation for detection / decoding of signals received by TRP 352, for example.

[0134] TRP 352 transmits information indicating a first portion 713p of time-frequency resources to be punctured for UL transmission to UE 110x. Information indicating first portion 713p is transmitted by TRP 352 starting at time t0 and received by UE 110x starting at time t1.

[0135] Information indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured may be transmitted on the PDCCH 701. Fig.12In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured is transmitted using PDCCH 701, but in some other embodiments, other control channels may be used, such as a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel. The information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may include first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part 713p and / or second information indicating one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part 713p. In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may be included in downlink control information (DCI) or sidelink control information (SCI). In some embodiments, the information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured may be provided additionally or alternatively in higher layer signaling, such as RRC signaling or MAC CE.

[0136] Additionally or alternatively, TRP 352 may also transmit an indication of reference signal RS 713a in an UL transmission to UE 110x on symbols included in second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources. One or more symbols included in the time-frequency resources in the receive direction of UE 110x may overlap with the symbols of RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x. One or more symbols overlapping with the symbols of RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x are included in a third portion 1203p of the time-frequency resources in the receive direction. The third portion 1203p of the time-frequency resources is included in the transmission sent by TRP 352 in both the receive direction of UE 110x and the transmit direction of TRP 352. Note that although Fig.12 The punctured third portion 1203p is shown in a transmission sent from TRP 352 to UE 110x, but TRP 352 may need to puncture the third portion 1203p and / or another portion of the time-frequency resources for transmission to other devices in addition or instead. Fig.12 In the PDCCH 701, there are two symbols in the third part 1203p. These two symbols overlap with the symbols of RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x, and overlap with the symbols of RS 713a received by TRP 352. The third part 1203p of the time-frequency resources in the receiving direction of UE 110x is at the same frequency position as RS 713a and is punctured to avoid and / or reduce interference with RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x. Information indicating that UE 110x will send the symbols and / or frequency positions of RS 713a together with information indicating the first part 713p to be punctured can be transmitted on PDCCH 701 starting from time t0, and therefore also received by UE 110x starting from time t1. Although Fig.12RS 713a and RS 1203a / 1203b are shown to be in different symbols, but in some other cases, RS 713a and RS 1203a or RS 1203b may be in the same symbol.

[0137] After receiving information from TRP 352 indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured, UE 110x punctures the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources for UL transmission. UE 110x sends UL transmissions to TRP 352 on the second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources, for example, via PUSCH 713, starting at time t3. After receiving information indicating the completion of the first portion 713p, at least the required time t3 is the minimum switching interval 715. The second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources does not include the punctured first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources. The punctured first portion 713p corresponds to the time-frequency position at which DL RS 1203b is transmitted to UE 110x. The second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources may include RS 713a at the time-frequency position (e.g., symbol and frequency position) specified in the indication from TRP 352. In other words, UE 110x transmits RS 713a in its UL transmission according to the instruction from TRP 352. As described above, one or more symbols including the punctured third portion 1203p overlap with the symbols of the UE transmitting RS 713a. The frequency position of the punctured third portion 1203p is the same as the frequency position of RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x.

[0138] TRP 352 receives the second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources from UE 110x starting at time t4, the second portion 710 not including the punctured first portion 713p. Fig.12 In FIG. 1 , since the second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources includes RS 713a, TRP 352 performs puncturing or rate matching at a time-frequency position in the downlink corresponding to the time-frequency position at which RS 713a is transmitted during UL transmission by UE 110x via PUSCH 713. The punctured time-frequency position is Fig.12 The punched portion 1203p is shown in the middle.

[0139] In some embodiments, in order to keep the transmission signal and the received signal time-aligned so that the device (e.g., TRP 352) is slot-aligned or symbol-aligned, the device may dynamically indicate a time alignment adjustment (e.g., symbol time adjustment, TA adjustment) for UL transmission based on the RTT between the device (e.g., TRP 352) and the apparatus (e.g., UE 110x). The time alignment adjustment may be specific to each apparatus (e.g., UE 110) because each apparatus (e.g., UE 110) may have a different RTT or distance to the device (e.g., TRP 352) depending on its location. Therefore, in Fig.12 In the case of a TA adjustment that is to be applied to the UL transmission, the TRP 352 may transmit one or more indications of a TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x using higher layer signaling and / or DCI signaling (possibly together with the UL transmission scheduling). For example, the TRP 352 may transmit an indication of a first TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x in the higher layer signaling, and may also transmit an indication of a second TA adjustment to be applied to the UE 110x in the DCI instead of or in addition to the first TA adjustment. In some embodiments, the first TA adjustment may be a set of TA adjustment indications that may be selected from the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI, or a set of coarse TA indications that may be further adjusted and refined using the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI. In some embodiments, the indication of the second TA adjustment may independently provide one or more TA adjustment parameters. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used for time alignment adjustment in a variety of ways. The indication of the second TA adjustment may directly provide one or more TA adjustment parameters that may contain absolute values. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be selected from a set of TA adjustment indications (i.e., first TA adjustment indications) configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used to further adjust and refine the first TA adjustment (e.g., coarse TA indication) configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). In some embodiments, the dynamic indication of the time alignment adjustment (e.g., symbol time adjustment, TA adjustment) may or may not be sent or transmitted together with the information indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured. In some embodiments, the information indicating the dynamic indication of the time alignment adjustment, the information indicating a portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured, the information indicating dynamic scheduling on the time-frequency resources in the transmission direction and / or reception direction of the device (e.g., UE), or any combination thereof may be transmitted separately or simultaneously.

[0140] As described above, the misalignment between the transmitted signal and the received signal at a device (e.g., UE 110) is specific to each UE and depends, for example, on the distance or RTT between the device (e.g., TRP 352) and the device (e.g., UE 110x). Fig.12In , puncturing on two symbols is used to compensate for misalignment at UE 110x, where a symbol on one traffic direction (e.g., UL / DL) may be associated with more than one symbol on another traffic direction (e.g., DL / UL). Fig.12 As shown, the symbol where RS713a is located (in the transmission direction of UE 110x) is associated with more than one symbol in the reception direction of UE 110x. This requires that a portion of the time-frequency resource be punctured by more than one symbol of the time-frequency resource. Fig.12 , the third part 1203p needs to be punctured on more than one symbol of the time-frequency resource at the same frequency position as RS 713a. Therefore, in order to support FD operations in devices (e.g., UE) and equipment (BS, TRP), an RS in a symbol of a time-frequency resource in one service direction may need to puncture a portion of the time-frequency resource in at least two symbols in the opposite service direction and at the same frequency position as the RS. Assuming that the same system parameters are used in the two service directions, the misalignment of the transmitted and received symbols at the UE (e.g., UE 110x) may result in the need for two or more symbols in one service direction to protect the RS signal included in a symbol in the other service direction. On the other hand, for symbol-aligned devices (e.g., slot-aligned TRP 352), due to symbol alignment (and possible slot alignment), one symbol in one service direction may be sufficient to protect the RS signal included in a corresponding symbol in the other service direction, such as Fig.12 as shown in .

[0141] exist Fig.12 In FIG. 1 , two symbols including the punctured first portion 713p in the transmit direction of UE 110x are sufficient to protect RS 1203b not only in the receive direction of UE 110x but also in the transmit direction of TRP 352 because the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is less than one symbol in duration. However, if, for example, the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is greater than one symbol in duration, a portion of the time-frequency resource may need to be punctured over more than two symbols. An example of this is in FIG. Fig.13 Shown in.

[0142] Fig.13 A method for protecting a reference signal and adjusting a TA in a network where both the TRP 352 and the UE 100x operate in FD mode and the RTT between the TRP 352 and the UE 100x is greater than one symbol in duration according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.13 shows an exemplary transmission between TRP 352 and UE 110x, substantially similar to Fig.12, but the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is larger (i.e., the distance between TRP 352 and UE 110x is larger).

[0143] exist Fig.13 In the example, due to the mobility of UE 110x and the large cell size associated with TRP 352, the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is larger, so that the TA value (t4-t3) is greater than one symbol. Since the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is greater than one symbol, a larger portion of the time-frequency resources needs to be punctured. Fig.13 In the network shown, a portion of the time-frequency resources needs to be punctured for a duration of three symbols, such as the first punctured portion 713p and the third punctured portion 1203p, in order to protect the reference signals (i.e., RS 713a, RS 1203a, and RS 1203b), thereby avoiding or reducing interference from signals of other nodes. Therefore, when TRP 352 transmits information indicating the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured for UL transmission to UE 110x, the information indicating the first portion 713p to be punctured may specify that the time length of the first portion 713p of the time-frequency resources to be punctured is three symbols. The information may also indicate the frequency position of the first portion 713p.

[0144] Similarly, since the second portion 710 of the time-frequency resources includes RS 713a, TRP 352 performs puncturing or rate matching at a time-frequency location in the downlink corresponding to the time-frequency location at which RS 713a is transmitted during UL transmission by UE 110x via PUSCH 713. The punctured time-frequency location is Fig.13 The punched portion 1203p is shown in FIG. Fig.13 In the embodiment, when puncturing portion 1203p is divided into two parts due to a larger distance between TRP 352 and UE 110x (i.e., the RTT between TRP 352 and UE 110x is greater than one symbol in duration), each part of puncturing portion 1203p overlaps with the time-frequency position of RS 713a in the transmission direction of UE 110x or in the reception direction of TRP 352. In other words, the two parts of puncturing portion 1203p overlap with the time-frequency position of the time-frequency resources of RS 713a transmitted by UE 110x to TRP 352.

[0145] As described above, in some embodiments, in order to keep the transmission signal and the received signal time-aligned so that the device (e.g., TRP 352) is time slot aligned or symbol aligned, the device can dynamically indicate a time alignment adjustment (e.g., symbol time adjustment, TA adjustment) for UL transmission based on the RTT between the device (e.g., TRP 352) and the device (e.g., UE110x). The time alignment adjustment can be specific to each device (e.g., UE 110) because each device (e.g., UE 110) can have a different RTT or distance to the device (e.g., TRP 352) depending on its location. Therefore, in Fig.13 In the case of a TA adjustment that is to be applied to the UL transmission, the TRP 352 may transmit one or more indications of a TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x using higher layer signaling and / or DCI signaling (possibly together with the UL transmission scheduling). For example, the TRP 352 may transmit an indication of a first TA adjustment to be applied to the UL transmission to the UE 110x in the higher layer signaling, and may also transmit an indication of a second TA adjustment to be applied to the UE 110x in the DCI instead of or in addition to the first TA adjustment. In some embodiments, the first TA adjustment may be a set of TA adjustment indications that may be selected from the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI, or a set of coarse TA indications that may be further adjusted and refined using the indication of the second TA adjustment in the DCI. In some embodiments, the indication of the second TA adjustment may independently provide one or more TA adjustment parameters. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used for time alignment adjustment in a variety of ways. The indication of the second TA adjustment may directly provide one or more TA adjustment parameters that may contain absolute values. The indication of the second TA adjustment may be selected from a set of TA adjustment indications (i.e., first TA adjustment indications) configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The indication of the second TA adjustment may be used to further adjust and refine the first TA adjustment (eg, coarse TA indication) configured by higher layer signaling (eg, RRC signaling).

[0146] In some embodiments, in order to dynamically indicate the time alignment adjustment (e.g., TA adjustment) of UL transmission and DL transmission at a device (e.g., TRP 352, BS) so that the device is time slot aligned or symbol aligned, device-specific signaling (e.g., UE-specific signaling) can be used. In some embodiments, device-specific high-layer signaling and / or device-specific dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling) can be used for faster and finer time alignment adjustment. Device-specific high-layer signaling and / or device-specific dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling) can be received by the device from the device (e.g., BS, TRP). In these embodiments, for example, the time alignment adjustment granularity (e.g., time step size) can depend on system parameters or symbol duration (e.g., 1% of symbol duration). In addition, the time alignment adjustment rate or frequency can be consistent with the communication between the device and the device (e.g., Fig.12 and 13 The TRP 352 in is associated with the RTT between UE 110x).

[0147] In some embodiments, DCI signaling with newly defined parameters (e.g., full duplex radio network temporary identifier (FD-RNTI), such as DCI with FD-RNTI scrambled CRC) may be used to communicate to a device (e.g., Fig.12 and 13 UE 110x in the transmission indicates the portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched (e.g., Fig.12 and 13 The information may include the position of one or more punctured symbols in one or more configurable time slots and the position of resource elements (REs) within the BWP. The punctured symbol positions and RE positions may be indicated in the form of a bitmap.

[0148] In some embodiments, multicast signaling with newly defined parameters (e.g., full duplex radio network temporary identifier (FD-RNTI), such as DCI with FD-RNTI scrambled CRC) may be used to broadcast a message to a group of devices (e.g., Figure 5 A group of UEs 110x, 110y, and 110z in the example 110x transmits a signal indicating a portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched (eg, Fig.12 and 13By using multicast signaling, information indicating the portion of the time-frequency resources to be punctured or rate matched can be transmitted to all devices in the group in a single multicast transmission, thereby reducing signaling. The information may include the location of one or more punctured symbols in one or more configurable time slots and the location of resource elements (REs) within the BWP. The punctured symbol locations and RE locations may be indicated in the form of a bitmap.

[0149] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource may be represented by a portion of the time-frequency resource that is punctured or to be punctured (e.g., Fig.12 and 13 The information and / or other signaling indicating the portion of the time-frequency resource to be punctured or to be punctured may be configured by one or a combination of: high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), dynamic signaling (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling), or pre-configuration of the network (e.g., predefined configuration). The DCI signaling may be used in the device (e.g., Fig.12 and 13 The device-specific portion (eg, Fig.12 and 13 The first part 713p in the DCI signaling packet is punctured or rate matched. Possibly newly defined parameters (e.g., FD-RNTI) (if applicable) and a corresponding control resource set (CORESET) for monitoring associated DCI signaling may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) or may be preconfigured or predefined by the network.

[0150] As described above, the number of symbols associated with the portion of the time-frequency resource to be punctured may depend on the RTT between the device (e.g., TRP, BS) and the apparatus (e.g., UE). In some embodiments where the RTT is greater than one symbol in duration, the portion of the time-frequency resource to be punctured is located over two or more symbols. In other words, two or more symbols may be required to protect an associated reference signal used in a signal in another traffic direction. For example, to protect Fig.12 and 13 RS 713a, RS 1203a and / or RS 1203b in the reference signal puncture a portion of the time-frequency resource on two or more symbols in the opposite direction of each reference signal. Fig.12 and 13 In , two symbols are needed to protect RS 1203a because RS 1203a overlaps with two symbols (ie, both in symbol 1250) in the transmission direction of UE 110x. Fig.12In , no transmission by UE 110x is scheduled at symbol 1250, so no puncturing is required at symbol 1250. However, if a transmission is scheduled at symbol 1250, a portion of the time-frequency resource needs to be punctured at the frequency location of RS 1203a at symbol 1250. Fig.13 In the example, only the second half of symbol 1250 is associated with the UL transmission of UE 110x, so only a portion of the time-frequency resource is punctured at the frequency position of RS 1203a on the second half of symbol 1250, as shown. However, it is necessary to reserve or protect a portion of the time-frequency resource at the frequency position of RS 1203a in the first half of symbol 1250. In some embodiments where the RTT is less than one symbol in duration, the portion of the time-frequency resource to be punctured is located on only one or two symbols. In other words, only one or two symbols may be required to protect the associated reference signal used in the signal in the other service direction. Although the RTT is less than one symbol in duration, two symbols may still be required to protect the reference signal because the reference signal may overlap with two adjacent symbols in the other service direction.

[0151] exist Fig.12 and 13 In the illustrated embodiment, the device (e.g., TRP, BS) and associated apparatus (e.g., UE) operate in FD mode. Fig.12 and 13 In some other embodiments of the variants, the device (e.g., TRP, BS) and only some associated devices (e.g., UE) operate in FD mode, while other associated devices operate in HD mode.

[0152] In some embodiments, an apparatus (e.g., UE) has information indicating the time-frequency position of an RS to be transmitted and / or received by a device (e.g., TRP, BS) in a time-frequency resource, the apparatus may puncture a portion of the time-frequency resource on one or more symbols transmitted by the apparatus, wherein the one or more symbols overlap with symbols of the transmitted and / or received RS, without receiving information indicating the portion of the time-frequency resource that is punctured or to be punctured from the device (e.g., BS, TRP).

[0153] It may be noted that in some embodiments, some portions of the time-frequency resources may not be punctured. For example, some portions of the time-frequency resources may need to be reserved for a device (e.g., BS, TRP) or an apparatus (e.g., UE) because system information will be transmitted or received on said portion of the time-frequency resources. Therefore, another node (e.g., UE, BS, TRP) may not be allowed to transmit on said portion of the time-frequency resources (to avoid interference with the system information); or said portion of the time-frequency resources is intended for higher priority transmissions and may not be punctured.

[0154] License-free implementation

[0155] In some embodiments, in order to reduce signaling overhead and power consumption, grant-free (GF) transmission and reception can be applied to some static devices (e.g., static industrial internet-of-thing (IIoT) devices) operating in FD or HD mode. The time-frequency resources associated with the static devices can be semi-statically configured. For example, the time-frequency resource set can be configured to have a preconfigured or predefined RS / DMRS pattern for the transmission direction and the reception direction or the UL direction and the DL direction through high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The preconfigured or predefined RS / DMRS pattern may include an associated time-frequency resource portion to be punctured in the transmission direction and the reception direction or the UL direction and the DL direction.

[0156] In some embodiments, such as applying grant-free (GF) transmission and reception, a portion of the time-frequency resources may be punctured based on a periodicity configured with a preconfigured or predefined RS / DMRS pattern. For example, in order to protect the channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a portion of the synchronization signal block (SSB) may be punctured based on a periodicity. When a portion of the time-frequency resources is punctured based on the configured periodicity, it may be necessary to ensure that a portion of the time-frequency resources is not punctured. Since, for example, it may be necessary to reserve certain portions of the time-frequency resources for system information transmitted on certain portions of the time-frequency resources, it may be necessary to protect certain portions of the time-frequency resources. Therefore, RS may not be transmitted on said certain portions of the time-frequency resources, and therefore said portions of the time-frequency resources may not be punctured.

[0157] In some embodiments, when the device operates in HD mode or FD mode, the time-frequency resources associated with the static device can be configured. When the device operates in HD mode, the device can support FD operation of the device (e.g., TRP, BS). Unlike static devices, the device (e.g., TRP, BS) may need to operate in FD mode.

[0158] Pre-configuration of the location of RS and the puncturing portion of the time-frequency resources may be used to support FD operations in devices (eg, UE) and equipment (eg, TRP, BS).

[0159] When a static device (e.g., an IIoT device) supports GF transmission and reception and the device is far away from the equipment (e.g., RTT is large), dynamic indication (e.g., DCI signaling, SCI signaling) for TA adjustment may not be required. Since the device is static, its TA may not need to be adjusted because the device is not moving.

[0160] Additional Variations, Embodiments, and Methods

[0161] In order to support FD operation of transmission and reception in different system parameters, at least two cases can be considered - the case where the device (e.g., TRP, BS) operates in FD mode, and the case where both the device and the apparatus (e.g., UE) operate in FD mode. In either case, a portion of the time-frequency resources will be punctured to protect the RS signal in the other service direction from interference. For example, when both the device and the apparatus operate in FD mode, a portion of the time-frequency resources in one service direction (e.g., the transmission direction of the UE) can be punctured to protect the RS signal in the other service direction (e.g., the receiving direction of the UE or the direction in which the BS transmits the service) from interference, for self-interference signal estimation in SIC of the other service direction and / or for channel estimation in received signal detection / decoding at the device (e.g., UE).

[0162] As described above and elsewhere in this application, a portion of the punctured time-frequency resources may be located on one or more symbols in the duration. In some embodiments, even at a slot alignment device (e.g., a slot alignment BS), a portion of the time-frequency resources associated with one transmission link is punctured in more than one symbol to protect an associated RS associated with another transmission link. In some embodiments:

[0163] ●TA adjustment is required for the alignment of the time slot or the minimum SCS symbol;

[0164] ● At a slot alignment / symbol alignment device (e.g., slot alignment / symbol alignment BS, slot alignment / symbol alignment TRP) in FD mode of operation, a symbol with a smaller SCS overlaps with more than one symbol with a maximum SCS;

[0165] ● At a device (eg, UE) in FD mode of operation, a symbol with a smaller SCS overlaps with two or more symbols with a maximum SCS; and / or

[0166] ● For some sidelink communications between two or more UEs in FD mode of operation, the transmission time and reception time of each UE may not be aligned, so a common time reference can be used;

[0167] ●For some other sidelink communications between two or more UEs in FD operating mode, one UE may be preconfigured or configured as a master UE so that the master UE may operate in a manner that the transmission time is aligned with the reception time (e.g., time slot alignment or symbol alignment), but the other UE may operate in a manner that the transmission time is not aligned with the reception time, and the time reference may be provided by the master UE or by another source (e.g., GPS, BS and / or satellite) and used as a synchronization / time reference for the sidelink communication.

[0168] In some embodiments where a device (eg, UE) transmits and receives orthogonal RSs, the orthogonal RSs and their patterns in the transmission direction and the reception direction or the UL direction and the DL direction may be configured together, such as Fig.14 and 15 as shown in . Fig.14 It is shown that orthogonal RS signals are used for DL ​​transmission and UL transmission through code division multiplexing (CDM) and symbol / time slot alignment according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig.15 In a similar manner, the use of orthogonal RSs for DL ​​transmission and UL transmission by superimposing codes and symbol / slot alignment according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0169] Fig.16 and 17 The method performed by the apparatus and device according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig.16 and 17 In the present invention, the device may be a BS or a TRP, and the apparatus may be a UE. The device may operate in FD mode, and the apparatus may operate in FD mode or HD mode.

[0170] At step 1610, the apparatus receives information from a device indicating a first portion of time-frequency resources to be punctured for transmission by the apparatus. The apparatus may receive information indicating the first portion of time-frequency resources in a control channel to the apparatus. The control channel may be a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), or a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel. The information indicating the first portion of time-frequency resources to the apparatus may be included in downlink control information (DCI) or in sidelink control information (SCI). The information indicating the first portion of time-frequency resources to the apparatus may include at least one of first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first portion of time-frequency resources or second information indicating one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first portion of time-frequency resources.

[0171] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources may be configured by one or a combination of information or other signaling indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device. The information or other signaling indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device may be included in at least one of high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling, or pre-configuration of the network.

[0172] At step 1620, the apparatus punctures the first portion of the time-frequency resources according to the information received from the device. In other words, the apparatus will not send any content on the first portion of the time-frequency resources indicated in the information received from the device.

[0173] At step 1630, the apparatus transmits to the device on the second portion of the time-frequency resources. The second portion of the time-frequency resources does not include the punctured first portion. Therefore, the apparatus does not send anything on the punctured first portion of the time-frequency resources. The second portion of the time-frequency resources may include an RS that the apparatus transmits to the device. In some embodiments, the apparatus may receive in advance from the device an indication to send an RS at a specific time-frequency position (e.g., a specific symbol and REs in the symbol) in the second portion of the time-frequency resources. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources on which the apparatus transmits the RS may include one or more symbols that overlap with the symbol on which the apparatus transmits the RS in the receiving direction of the apparatus. The one or more symbols in the receiving direction include a third portion that is at the same frequency position as the RS and is punctured. For example, Fig.12 An example is shown where the time-frequency resource of device transmission RS 713a includes two symbols overlapping with the symbol of device transmission RS 713a in the receiving direction of the device. The third portion 1203p is located at the same frequency position as RS 713a and is punctured by the device.

[0174] At step 1640, the apparatus may receive another RS ​​from the device on a symbol that overlaps or is covered by one or more symbols of the time-frequency resource in the transmission direction of the apparatus and the reception direction of the device. The overlapping one or more symbols in the time-frequency resource may include the first portion of the puncture. Therefore, in other words, the apparatus may receive another RS ​​from the device on the first portion of the puncture as planned. Although Fig.16 It is shown that the device receives another RS ​​on the punctured first part after transmitting the second part of the time-frequency resources in step 1630, but the device may receive another RS ​​on the punctured first part before transmitting the second part of the time-frequency resources, or the first part may be surrounded by the second part. Fig.12 An example is shown where RS 1203b transmits on the punctured first portion 713p and the second portion 710 is an uplink transmission of UE 110x that does not include the punctured first portion 713p.

[0175] exist Fig.16In some embodiments of the method, the device sends an RS (e.g., step 1640), and the time-frequency resource includes one or more symbols that overlap with the symbols of the RS sent from the device in the transmission direction of the device. The one or more symbols in the transmission direction of the device include a first portion of the time-frequency resource. The RS can be transmitted at the same frequency position as the first portion of the time-frequency resource. For example, in Fig.12 In the example, RS 1203b is transmitted from the device, and two symbols in the transmission direction of the device overlap with the symbol of RS 1203b. The two symbols include the first part 713p of the puncture. RS 1203b is transmitted at the same frequency position as the first part 713p of the puncture.

[0176] and Fig.16 The specific method is irrelevant (e.g., no perforation is performed), or alternatively as Fig.16 As part of a method, the following operations may be performed: the apparatus may receive dynamic signaling from a device, the dynamic signaling including an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent from the apparatus to the device. In some embodiments, the apparatus may receive in high-layer signaling from the device an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent from the apparatus to the device. In some embodiments, the apparatus may receive in a DCI from the device an indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied in place of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment. The timing advance adjustment embodiments herein may be implemented independently of the puncturing embodiments herein, or may be implemented in combination.

[0177] In some embodiments, an apparatus for performing any of the apparatus methods described herein is provided. The apparatus may include a memory for storing processor-executable instructions and a processor for executing the processor-executable instructions. The instructions, when executed, may cause the apparatus to perform the above method (e.g., receiving information indicating a first portion of time-frequency resources to the apparatus, and sending a transmission on a second portion of the time-frequency resources).

[0178] In some embodiments, a device for performing any of the device methods described herein is provided. The device may include a memory for storing processor-executable instructions and a processor for executing the processor-executable instructions. The instructions, when executed, may cause the device to perform the above method (e.g., transmitting information to the device indicating a first portion of a time-frequency resource, and receiving a transmission from the device on a second portion of the time-frequency resource).

[0179] Fig.17 The method in shows a method for protecting reference signals and possibly adjusting the timing advance (TA) to support transmissions between devices and apparatuses in a network.

[0180] At step 1710, the device transmits to the device an indication of an RS in a transmission of the device on a symbol included in the time-frequency resource. In some embodiments, the device may also transmit to the device dynamic signaling, the dynamic signaling including an indication of a time advance adjustment to be applied to a transmission sent from the device to the device. The dynamic signaling may be transmitted separately from the indication of the RS in the transmission of the sending device, or may be transmitted together. In some other embodiments, the device may transmit to the device in a high-layer signaling an indication of a first time advance adjustment to be applied to a transmission sent from the device to the device. Instead of the first time advance adjustment or in addition to the first time advance adjustment, the device may also transmit to the device in a DCI an indication of a second time advance adjustment to be applied. The indication of the first time advance adjustment and / or the second time advance adjustment may be transmitted separately from the indication of the RS in the transmission of the sending device, or may be transmitted together.

[0181] At step 1720, the device punctures a portion of the time-frequency resource (e.g., the third portion or punctured portion 1203p in the present application) in the transmission direction. This punctured portion of the time-frequency resource is included in one or more symbols at the frequency position where the device will receive the RS in the transmission direction of the device. The one or more symbols including the punctured portion overlap with the symbols where the device will receive the RS.

[0182] At step 1730, the apparatus receives RS from the device on a symbol overlapping or covered by the one or more symbols mentioned in step 1720. Likewise, the one or more symbols include a time-frequency resource portion punctured in the transmission direction by the apparatus in step 1720.

[0183] Fig.17 An example of the results is in Fig.12 , where RS 713a is received by a device (e.g., TRP 352) from an apparatus (e.g., UE 110x). RS 713a is received on a symbol overlapping with punctured portion 1203p.

[0184] In some embodiments, a UE capable of FD operation and supporting synchronous transmission and reception defined by one or more parameters or RRC configuration, such as simultaneousRxTxInterBandENDC, simultaneousRxTxInterBandCA and / or simultaneousRxTxSUL in NRs among all cells within a group of cells, may be provided. Such a UE may expect to transmit and / or receive traffic in a time slot within a configured FD frame.

[0185] If the UE indicates that it is capable of and supports FD operation, a new DCI format may be configured and / or received. A new DCI format (e.g., DCI format x) may dynamically schedule UE transmissions, wherein an indication field is provided to indicate whether the scheduled time-frequency resources are for DL ​​transmissions, for UL transmissions, or for both DL and UL transmissions. In order to support FD operation in one or two nodes, a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format x) or new / modified fields in an existing DCI format may be defined and used to perform scheduling of DL transmissions and / or UL transmissions and time alignment (e.g., TA adjustment) commands for one or more cells. The following information may be included in a new / modified field of an associated DCI format for FD operation, and / or transmitted via a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format x), where the CRC is scrambled by the FD-RNTI:

[0186] ● Identifier of the DCI format (2 bits) – for example, “00” for DL ​​transmission only, “01” for UL transmission only, “10” for both DL and UL transmissions, and “11” reserved for other uses; and / or

[0187] ● Identifier (X bit) for time alignment (e.g., TA adjustment) command - For example, use the X (>= 1) bit to indicate a TA adjustment.

[0188] If the UE indicates that it is capable of and supports FD operation, the UE may be configured with multiple serving cells and a set of symbols in a time slot associated with the UE to receive a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block in a first cell of the multiple serving cells. In addition, the UE may transmit over the PUSCH, physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or physical random access channel (PRACH) in a time slot associated with the UE if the transmission would overlap with any symbol in the set of symbols in the time slot associated with the UE. The UE may transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS) in a set of symbols in a time slot associated with the UE.

[0189] In some other embodiments, a timing alignment command (eg, a timing advance command TAG) for a timing advance group (TAG) is used. A ) indicates the use of T A =0, 1, 2...63 index value will be the current NTA Value N TA_old Adjust to the new N TA Value N TA_new , where for 2 μ 15kHz SCS, N TA_new =N TA_old +(T A -31)·16·64 / 2 μ .

[0190] If the UE indicates that it is capable of and supports FD operation, a new DCI format (e.g., DCI format x) may be used to perform the time alignment command of the TAG (e.g., T A ).

[0191] If the UE indicates that it is capable of and supports FD operation, for a time alignment command (e.g., timing advance command) received on time slot n and for transmissions other than PUSCH transmissions scheduled for a random access response (RAR) UL grant or a fallback RAR UL grant, or a PUCCH transmission with hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information in response to a successful RAR, the corresponding time alignment (e.g., TA adjustment) value for the UL transmission may be applied from the beginning of UL time slot n+k+1, where k is associated with the maximum value of the duration corresponding to the receive processing time and the duration corresponding to the transmission preparation time of the UE processing capability.

[0192] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits may be achieved: a device (eg, a base station) may operate in a full-duplex (FD) transmission mode while a device (eg, a UE) operates in a half-duplex (HD) transmission mode.

[0193] In some other embodiments, the following technical benefits may be achieved: the device and the apparatus may operate in a full-duplex (FD) transmission mode simultaneously.

[0194] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits may be achieved: improved spectrum usage efficiency (eg, significant increase in spectrum usage) due to FD operation, thereby enhancing network operation, while signaling overhead, power consumption, and transmission latency may be reduced.

[0195] The following technical benefits may be achieved in some embodiments: Time alignment may be dynamically configured.

[0196] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits can be achieved: the apparatus, device, and method proposed in the present application can be widely used in various wireless network environments.

[0197] In some embodiments, the following technical benefits may be achieved: time alignment and resource puncturing in FD transmission and reception of devices and apparatuses.

[0198] The above embodiments are mainly described in the context of UE communicating with TRP. However, more generally, devices that wirelessly communicate with each other on time-frequency resources do not have to be one or more UEs that communicate with the TRP. For example, two or more UEs can communicate with each other wirelessly on a sidelink using device-to-device (D2D) communication. As another example, two network devices (e.g., a ground base station and a non-ground base station such as a drone) can communicate with each other wirelessly on a backhaul link. The embodiments are not limited to uplink and / or downlink communications. For example, in the above embodiments, TRP 352 can be replaced by other devices, such as a node or UE in the network. Uplink / downlink communications can be changed to sidelink communications or other D2D communications.

[0199] in conclusion

[0200] Note that the expression "at least one of A or B" as used herein is interchangeable with the expression "A and / or B". The expression refers to a list in which A or B or both A and B can be selected. Similarly, "at least one of A, B, or C" as used herein is interchangeable with "A and / or B and / or C" or "A, B, and / or C". The expression refers to a list in which the following can be selected: A or B or C, or A and B, or A and C, or B and C, or A, B, and C. The same principles apply to longer lists with the same format.

[0201] Although the present application has been described with reference to the specific features and embodiments of the present application, various modifications and combinations of the present application can be formulated without departing from the present application. The specification and the drawings are therefore only regarded as the description of some embodiments of the present application as defined by the attached claims, and any and all modifications, variants, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application are considered to be covered. Therefore, although the present application and its advantages have been described in detail, various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the present application defined by the attached claims. In addition, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments of the processes, machines, manufactured products, material compositions, components, methods and steps described in the specification. According to the disclosure of the present application, it will be easily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that existing or to be developed, having substantially the same functions as the corresponding embodiments described herein, or being able to obtain substantially the same results as the embodiments, processes, machines, manufactured products, material compositions, components, methods or steps can be used according to the present application. Therefore, the attached claims are expected to include these processes, machines, manufactured products, material compositions, components, methods or steps within their scope.

[0202] In addition, any module, component or device for executing instructions illustrated herein may include or otherwise access a non-transitory computer / processor readable storage medium to store information, such as computer / processor readable instructions, data structures, program modules and / or other data. A non-exhaustive list of examples of non-transitory computer / processor readable storage media includes magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital video disc or digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-ray disc TM CDs or other optical storage, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other storage technology. Any such non-transitory computer / processor storage medium can be part of the device or can be connected to or connected to the device. Any application or module described herein can be implemented using computer / processor readable / executable instructions, which can be stored or otherwise saved by such non-transitory computer / processor readable storage media.

Claims

1. A method executed by a device, characterized in that: The method comprises: receiving, from a device, information indicating to the apparatus a first portion of time-frequency resources, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resources is to be punctured for transmission by the apparatus; The transmission is sent to the device over a second portion of the time-frequency resources, the second portion of the time-frequency resources not including the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receiving, from the device, an instruction to send the reference signal RS in the transmission on the symbol included in the time-frequency resource; The RS is transmitted to the device on the symbol.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The time-frequency resources include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol used by the device to transmit the RS in a receiving direction.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the reception direction include a punctured third portion which is at the same frequency position as the RS.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The device operates in half-duplex HD mode.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The device was also operated in FD mode.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that A RS is transmitted from the device, wherein the time-frequency resource includes one or more symbols overlapping with symbols of the RS transmitted from the device in a transmission direction.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the transmission direction include the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device is received in a control channel, wherein the control channel is a physical downlink control channel PDCCH, or a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The time-frequency resources are configured by one or a combination of the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device, wherein the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling or network pre-configuration.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The information indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in downlink control information DCI or sidelink control information SCI.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the apparatus comprises at least one of: first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources; or The second information indicates one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The method further comprises: Dynamic signaling is received from the device, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The method further comprises: receiving, in higher layer signaling, from the device an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device; An indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment is received from the device in a DCI.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that The set of time-frequency resources and the preconfigured RS pattern used for one or more transmissions between the device and the apparatus are configured using high-layer signaling.

16. A device, characterized in that: include: A memory for storing processor executable instructions; a processor configured to execute the processor-executable instructions so that the apparatus: receiving, from a device operating in full-duplex FD mode, information indicating to the apparatus a first portion of time-frequency resources, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resources is to be punctured for transmission by the apparatus; The transmission is sent to the device over a second portion of the time-frequency resources, the second portion of the time-frequency resources not including the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

17. The device according to claim 16, characterized in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the apparatus to: Receiving, from the device, an instruction to send the reference signal RS in the transmission on the symbol included in the time-frequency resource; The RS is transmitted to the device on the symbol.

18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that The time-frequency resources include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol used by the device to transmit the RS in a receiving direction.

19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the reception direction include a punctured third portion which is at the same frequency position as the RS.

20. The device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The device operates in half-duplex HD mode.

21. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that The device was also operated in FD mode.

22. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that A RS is transmitted from the device, wherein the time-frequency resource includes one or more symbols overlapping with symbols of the RS transmitted from the device in a transmission direction.

23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the transmission direction include the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

24. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the device is received in a control channel, wherein the control channel is a physical downlink control channel PDCCH, or a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel.

25. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that The time-frequency resources are configured by one or a combination of the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device, wherein the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling or network pre-configuration.

26. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 25, characterized in that The information indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in downlink control information DCI or sidelink control information SCI.

27. The device according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the apparatus comprises at least one of: first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources; or The second information indicates one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources.

28. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the apparatus to: Dynamic signaling is received from the device, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

29. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the apparatus to: receiving, in higher layer signaling, from the device an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device; An indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment is received from the device in a DCI.

30. The device according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that The set of time-frequency resources and the preconfigured RS pattern used for one or more transmissions between the device and the apparatus are configured using high-layer signaling.

31. A method performed by a device operating in full-duplex FD mode, characterized in that: The method comprises: transmitting to a device information indicating to the device a first portion of time-frequency resources, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resources is to be punctured by the device for transmission by the device; The transmission of the device is received over a second portion of the time-frequency resources, the second portion of the time-frequency resources not including the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The method further comprises transmitting a reference signal, RS, on the first part of the time-frequency resources.

33. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that The method further comprises: transmitting, to the device, an instruction to transmit an RS on symbols included in the time-frequency resources; In the transmission direction, puncturing the time-frequency position where the RS will be received; The RS is received from the device on the symbol.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that The time-frequency resources include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol used by the device to transmit the RS in the transmission direction.

35. The method according to claim 34, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the transmission direction include a third portion that is at the same frequency position as the RS and is punctured by the device.

36. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that The device operates in half-duplex HD mode.

37. The method according to any one of claims 31 or 33 to 35, characterized in that The device was also operated in FD mode.

38. The method according to any one of claims 31 or 33 to 37, characterized in that A RS is transmitted from the device, wherein the time-frequency resource includes one or more symbols overlapping with symbols of the RS transmitted from the device in a receiving direction.

39. The method according to claim 38, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the receiving direction include the first part of the time-frequency resources.

40. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 39, characterized in that The information indicating to the device that the first part of the time-frequency resources is transmitted in a control channel, wherein the control channel is a physical downlink control channel PDCCH, or a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel.

41. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 40, characterized in that The time-frequency resources are configured by one or a combination of the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device, wherein the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling or network pre-configuration.

42. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 41, characterized in that The information indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in downlink control information DCI or sidelink control information SCI.

43. The method according to any one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the apparatus comprises at least one of: first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources; or The second information indicates one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources.

44. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 43, characterized in that The method further comprises: Dynamic signaling is transmitted to the apparatus, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

45. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 43, characterized in that The method further comprises: transmitting, in higher layer signaling, to the apparatus, an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device; An indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment is transmitted to the apparatus in a DCI.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 31 to 45, characterized in that The set of time-frequency resources and the preconfigured RS pattern used for one or more transmissions between the device and the apparatus are configured using high-layer signaling.

47. A device operating in full-duplex FD mode, characterized in that include: A memory for storing processor executable instructions; a processor configured to execute the processor-executable instructions so that the device: transmitting to a device information indicating to the device a first portion of time-frequency resources, wherein the first portion of the time-frequency resources is to be punctured by the device for transmission by the device; The transmission of the device is received over a second portion of the time-frequency resources, the second portion of the time-frequency resources not including the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

48. The device according to claim 47, characterized in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the apparatus to transmit a reference signal, RS, on the first portion of the time-frequency resources.

49. The device according to claim 47, characterized in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the device to: transmitting, to the device, an instruction to transmit an RS on symbols included in the time-frequency resources; In the transmission direction, puncturing the time-frequency position where the RS will be received; The RS is received from the device on the symbol.

50. The apparatus according to claim 49, characterized in that The time-frequency resources include one or more symbols overlapping with the symbol used by the device to transmit the RS in the transmission direction.

51. The device according to claim 50, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the transmission direction include a third portion that is at the same frequency position as the RS and is punctured by the device.

52. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 49, characterised in that The device operates in half-duplex HD mode.

53. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 or 49 to 51, characterised in that The device was also operated in FD mode.

54. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 or 49 to 53, characterised in that A RS is transmitted from the device, wherein the time-frequency resource includes one or more symbols overlapping with symbols of the RS transmitted from the device in a receiving direction.

55. The device according to claim 54, characterized in that The one or more symbols in the receiving direction include the first part of the time-frequency resources.

56. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 55, characterised in that The information indicating to the device that the first part of the time-frequency resources is transmitted in a control channel, wherein the control channel is a physical downlink control channel PDCCH, or a sidelink control channel, or a multicast channel, or a broadcast channel.

57. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 56, characterised in that The time-frequency resources are configured by one or a combination of the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device, wherein the information or other signaling indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in at least one of the following: high-layer signaling, dynamic signaling or network pre-configuration.

58. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 57, characterised in that The information indicating the first part of the time-frequency resources to the device is included in downlink control information DCI or sidelink control information SCI.

59. Apparatus according to any one of claims 56 to 58, characterised in that The information indicating the first portion of the time-frequency resources to the apparatus comprises at least one of: first information indicating one or more symbols corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources; or The second information indicates one or more frequency positions corresponding to the first part of the time-frequency resources.

60. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 59, characterised in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the device to: Dynamic signaling is transmitted to the apparatus, the dynamic signaling comprising an indication of a timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device.

61. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 59, characterised in that The instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the device to: transmitting, in higher layer signaling, to the apparatus, an indication of a first timing advance adjustment to be applied to transmissions sent by the apparatus to the device; An indication of a second timing advance adjustment to be applied instead of or in addition to the first timing advance adjustment is transmitted to the apparatus in a DCI.

62. Apparatus according to any one of claims 47 to 61, characterised in that The set of time-frequency resources and the preconfigured RS pattern used for one or more transmissions between the device and the apparatus are configured using high-layer signaling.

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