Composite material and health monitoring method and health monitoring system thereof
By setting radio frequency labels in the composite material to monitor its resonant frequency changes, the problem of real-time monitoring of composite materials is solved, and early warning of deformation and layered damage is realized, which improves the safety of material use and maintenance efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411236667.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Deformation and stratification damage of composite materials are difficult to detect from the outside intuitively, and traditional monitoring methods cannot achieve real-time monitoring, especially before loading is applied, the health of the material is difficult to predict.
By setting radio frequency labels in composite materials, monitoring their resonant frequency changes, determining the health status of the material, and combining the thickness to width ratio of the radio frequency labels is less than 1, the strain is obtained using a linear relationship to achieve real-time monitoring of deformation and stratified damage and Repair early warning.
Real-time health monitoring of composite materials is realized, deformation and layered damage can be identified in a timely manner, repair warnings are provided, and material safety and maintenance efficiency are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119291290A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of terminal technology, and in particular to a composite material and a health monitoring method and health monitoring system thereof. Background Art
[0002] Composite materials have the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific modulus, and excellent comprehensive performance, and are widely used in high-tech fields such as aerospace, navigation, transportation, and wind power.
[0003] At present, the damage forms such as deformation and delamination that composite materials usually have are difficult to detect intuitively from the outside, and traditional monitoring methods, such as PDV and C-scan, are limited by the spatial structure of the material to be tested, and can often only be monitored after the load is applied, making it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring of the material. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present disclosure provides a composite material and a health monitoring method and a health monitoring system thereof to address deficiencies in the related art.
[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a health monitoring method for a composite material is provided, comprising:
[0006] monitoring the resonant frequency of a radio frequency tag disposed on the composite material;
[0007] The health condition of the composite material is determined based on the change of the resonant frequency.
[0008] Optionally, the determining the health condition of the composite material based on the change of the resonant frequency includes:
[0009] When the change amount of the resonance frequency between two adjacent times is less than a preset threshold, the composite material is deformed and damaged;
[0010] When the changes in the resonance frequency between two adjacent times are greater than or equal to a preset threshold, delamination damage occurs to the composite material.
[0011] Optionally, the ratio of the thickness to the width of the radio frequency tag is much smaller than 1, and the health monitoring method further includes:
[0012] When the changes in the resonance frequency for two consecutive times are less than a preset threshold, the strain of the composite material is obtained according to the linear relationship between the resonance frequency and the strain;
[0013] When the strain exceeds the strain threshold, a repair warning is prompted.
[0014] Optionally, the monitoring of the resonant frequency of a radio frequency tag disposed on the composite material includes:
[0015] Controlling the radio frequency reader to send activation requests to the radio frequency tag multiple times in a manner of decreasing or increasing electromagnetic wave power until the radio frequency tag is activated;
[0016] Controlling the radio frequency reader to send activation requests to the radio frequency tag multiple times in a manner of decreasing or increasing electromagnetic wave power until two adjacent activation requests produce different activation states for the radio frequency tag;
[0017] The resonant frequency of the radio frequency tag is obtained according to the electromagnetic wave powers of the two adjacent activation requests.
[0018] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a composite material, comprising:
[0019] matrix;
[0020] A patch, the patch being connected to the substrate to repair a damaged area of the substrate;
[0021] A radio frequency tag is arranged between two adjacent layers of the patch, or the radio frequency tag is arranged between the patch and the substrate.
[0022] Optionally, the radio frequency tag is printed on the patch by microelectronic printing technology.
[0023] Optionally, the thickness of the radio frequency tag is less than or equal to 10 micrometers, and the ratio of the thickness to the width of the radio frequency tag is much smaller than 1.
[0024] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a health monitoring system for a composite material is provided, comprising:
[0025] A processor, wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of any one of the methods in the above embodiments when executing;
[0026] a radio frequency reader, the radio frequency reader being electrically connected to the processor;
[0027] A display is electrically connected to the processor, and is used to show the health condition.
[0028] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of any method in the above embodiments are implemented.
[0029] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may have the following beneficial effects:
[0030] It can be seen from the above embodiments that in the present disclosure, radio frequency tags are used to monitor the damage of composite materials in real time. By measuring the changes in the resonant frequency of the radio frequency tags set on the composite materials, the health status of the composite materials can be understood, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the health status of the composite materials.
[0031] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0033] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart showing a health monitoring method of a composite material according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0034] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of repairing a composite material according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of repairing another composite material according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0036] Figure 4 The figure is a curve diagram showing the resonance frequency and the start-up power of a radio frequency tag according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0037] Figure 5 The figure is a linear relationship diagram between the resonant frequency and strain of a radio frequency tag according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a health monitoring system for a composite material according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.
[0040] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.
[0041] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".
[0042] Based on the drawback that traditional technology cannot realize real-time monitoring of damage to composite materials, the present invention applies radio frequency tags to real-time monitoring of damage to composite materials. By measuring the changes in the resonant frequency of the radio frequency tags set on the composite materials, real-time monitoring of the health of the composite materials is achieved, and further the determination of the damage type of deformation and delamination damage to the composite materials can be achieved.
[0043] For example, Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for health monitoring of a composite material according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the health monitoring method may include the following steps:
[0044] In step 101, a resonant frequency of a radio frequency tag disposed on a composite material is monitored.
[0045] In this embodiment, the radio frequency tag may be disposed on the surface of the composite material or may be disposed between interlayer structures of the composite material.
[0046] Regarding the arrangement of the radio frequency tag on the composite material, in some embodiments, the radio frequency tag may be connected to the composite material during the processing of the composite material; in other embodiments, the present disclosure further provides a composite material, such as Figure 2As shown, the composite material may include a substrate 1 and a patch 2, the substrate 1 and the patch 2 are connected, the plying order and stacking direction of the patch 2 are the same as the plying order and stacking direction of the repair area of the substrate 1, and the radio frequency tag may be set between two adjacent layers of the patch 2. For example, during the process of processing the patch 2, the radio frequency tag of the finished product may be set between two adjacent layers of the patch 2; or, the radio frequency tag may be printed between two adjacent layers of the patch 2 by microelectronic printing technology. For another example, Figure 3 As shown, the composite material may include a substrate 1 and a patch 2, the substrate 1 and the patch 2 have the same ply order and stacking direction, and the radio frequency tag may be arranged between the patch 2 and the substrate 1, wherein the radio frequency tag may be a finished product and then arranged between the patch 2 and the substrate 1, or the radio frequency tag may be printed on the patch 2 by microelectronic printing technology, and then connected between the patch 2 and the substrate 1, so that the radio frequency tag is located between the substrate 1 and the patch 2. Figure 3 The example shown is an example of setting the radio frequency tag between the patch 2 and the substrate 1 when the composite material is repaired by patching. In other embodiments, for example, Figure 2 When the composite material is repaired by the patching method shown in , the radio frequency tag can also be set between the patch 2 and the substrate 1.
[0047] One or more RFID tags can be set on the same composite material. When multiple RFID tags are set on the same composite material, the health of the composite material can be determined by the corresponding mathematical relationship. In order to reduce the impact of the setting of the RFID tag on the performance of the composite material itself, such as avoiding the influence on the stress transfer at the interface of the composite material, the thickness of the RFID tag is usually very thin, such as the thickness of the RFID tag can be less than or equal to 10mm, and the width and length of the RFID tag can be adaptively designed according to specific needs. For example, the ratio of the thickness of the RFID tag to the width of the RFID tag is much less than 1.
[0048] In each of the above embodiments, the resonant frequency of the radio frequency tag can be obtained by a radio frequency reader. Figure 4The relationship curve between the opening power and the frequency of the RFID tag before, during and after deformation is shown. At the resonant frequency of the RFID tag, the opening power is at the minimum value. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the RFID tag can be determined by finding the minimum opening power. For example, the RFID reader can be controlled to send activation requests to the RFID tag multiple times in a decreasing or increasing manner of electromagnetic wave power, until two adjacent activation requests produce different activation states for the RFID tag, such as one activation request can activate the RFID tag, while the other activation request cannot activate the RFID tag. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the RFID tag can be obtained according to the electromagnetic wave power of the two adjacent activation requests. For example, the electromagnetic wave power of the activation request that can activate the RFID tag can be directly used as the opening power of the RFID tag to obtain the resonant frequency; or the opening power of the RFID tag can be calculated based on the electromagnetic wave power and mathematical relationship of the two adjacent activation requests to obtain the resonant frequency; or, between the electromagnetic wave powers of the two adjacent activation requests, the activation request can be sent again in an increasing or decreasing manner of electromagnetic wave power to improve the accuracy.
[0049] For example, taking P as the difference between the electromagnetic wave powers of two adjacent activation requests, assuming that the electromagnetic wave power of the activation request is 2P, the RFID tag can be activated, indicating that 2P is greater than or equal to the turn-on power of the RFID tag. Assuming that the electromagnetic wave power of the activation request is P, the RFID tag cannot be activated, indicating that it is less than the turn-on power of the RFID tag. Therefore, the turn-on power of the RFID tag is a value between P and 2P. In some embodiments, the turn-on power can be determined as 2P, or the turn-on power of the RFID tag can be calculated based on P, 2P and a mathematical relationship, or the activation request can be sent between P and 2P in an increasing or decreasing manner with the electromagnetic wave power, and P` and 2P` are determined. The turn-on power is determined based on P` and 2P` to obtain the resonant frequency of the RFID tag.
[0050] In step 102, the health status of the composite material is determined based on the change of the resonant frequency.
[0051] In this embodiment, based on the deformation of the composite material, the length and shape of the radio frequency tag are adaptively changed, thereby causing the resonance frequency of the radio frequency tag to change accordingly.
[0052] In some embodiments, when the change in the resonance frequency between two adjacent frequencies is less than a preset threshold, it can be considered that the composite material has been deformed and damaged; and when the change in the resonance frequency between two adjacent frequencies is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the composite material has been delaminated and damaged. In this way, the type of damage to the composite material can be determined based on the change in the resonance frequency of the RFID tag. That is, when a small deformation occurs, the change in the resonance frequency of the RFID tag is relatively small, and the composite material is deformed and damaged. When a large deformation occurs, the resonance frequency of the RFID tag changes suddenly, and the composite material is delaminated and damaged.
[0053] Furthermore, without the service load, the initial resonant frequency f0 of the RFID tag is:
[0054]
[0055] Among them, k is a constant related to the shape and size of the RFID tag, c is the speed of light, L is the physical length of the copper cladding outside the antenna of the RFID tag, L' is the corresponding additional electrical length, ε re is the effective dielectric constant of the RFID tag.
[0056] The effective dielectric constant ε of the antenna substrate of the RFID tag re for:
[0057]
[0058] Where, h is the thickness of the RFID tag, b is the width of the RFID tag, and ε r is the dielectric constant. When the ratio of the thickness to the width of the RFID tag is much less than 1, it satisfies:
[0059] ε re =ε r
[0060] Once the RFID tag is deformed due to strain caused by temperature, external force, or cracks, the resonant frequency of the RFID tag will change accordingly. When the strain is small, based on the small deformation assumption, the resonant frequency f of the RFID tag after deformation is:
[0061]
[0062] Where ε is the strain of the RFID tag.
[0063] Substituting into the above formula, we can get:
[0064]
[0065] It can be seen that Figure 5As shown, the antenna resonant frequency of the RFID tag is linearly related to the initial resonant frequency and the strain of the RFID tag. The strain of the RFID tag can be replaced by the strain of the composite material. Among them, f0 is the slope, which characterizes the sensitivity of the monitoring method, so the sensitivity of the monitoring method can be adjusted by adjusting the initial resonant frequency of the RFID tag.
[0066] Therefore, when the resonant frequency does not change suddenly, that is, when the composite material is deformed and damaged, the strain of the composite material can be basically obtained based on the linear relationship between the resonant frequency and the strain. And when the strain exceeds the strain threshold, a repair warning is prompted.
[0067] Based on the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, a health monitoring system for composite materials is also provided, the monitoring system includes a processor 3, a radio frequency reader 4 and a display 5, the processor 3 can be used to execute the steps described in any of the above methods, the radio frequency reader 4 can be electrically connected to the processor 3, and the processor 3 can control the communication between the radio frequency reader 4 and the radio frequency tag. The display 5 is electrically connected to the processor 3, and the display 5 can be used to display the health status detected by the processor 3, for example, it can also display information related to repair warning.
[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory including instructions, and the steps described in the above method can be executed by the processor 3 to complete. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, etc.
[0069] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following claims.
[0070] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A health monitoring method for a composite material, characterized in that: include: monitoring the resonant frequency of a radio frequency tag disposed on the composite material; The health condition of the composite material is determined based on the change of the resonant frequency.
2. The health monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the health status of the composite material based on the change of the resonant frequency comprises: When the change amount of the resonance frequency between two adjacent times is less than a preset threshold, the composite material is deformed and damaged; When the changes in the resonance frequency between two adjacent times are greater than or equal to a preset threshold, delamination damage occurs to the composite material.
3. The health monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness to the width of the radio frequency tag is much smaller than 1, and the health monitoring method further comprises: When the changes in the resonance frequency for two consecutive times are less than a preset threshold, the strain of the composite material is obtained according to the linear relationship between the resonance frequency and the strain; When the strain exceeds the strain threshold, a repair warning is prompted.
4. The health monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring of the resonant frequency of the radio frequency tag disposed on the composite material includes: Controlling the radio frequency reader to send activation requests to the radio frequency tag multiple times in a manner of decreasing or increasing electromagnetic wave power until two adjacent activation requests produce different activation states for the radio frequency tag; The resonant frequency of the radio frequency tag is obtained according to the electromagnetic wave powers of the two adjacent activation requests.
5. A composite material, characterized in that: include: matrix; A patch, the patch being connected to the substrate to repair a damaged area of the substrate; A radio frequency tag is arranged between two adjacent layers of the patch, or the radio frequency tag is arranged between the patch and the substrate.
6. The composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that The radio frequency tag is printed on the patch by microelectronic printing technology.
7. The composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that The thickness of the radio frequency tag is less than or equal to 10 micrometers, and the ratio of the thickness to the width of the radio frequency tag is much less than 1.
8. A health monitoring system for composite materials, characterized in that: include: A processor, wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executed; a radio frequency reader, the radio frequency reader being electrically connected to the processor; A display is electrically connected to the processor, and is used to show the health condition.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.