A biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training, comprising a throat electromyography acquisition device for monitoring the throat surface electromyography of a patient, a chest contraction and expansion sensor device for monitoring the patient's breathing movements, and a processing device for coordinated control. In a swallowing and breathing coordinated manner, the patient is prompted to perform swallowing movements at a specific stage of the breathing process in the form of biofeedback. The biofeedback training device can effectively train the patient's swallowing and breathing abilities and reduce the risk of aspiration in the patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biofeedback equipment, and in particular relates to a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training. Background Art

[0002] According to epidemiological statistics, motor dysfunction caused by stroke often has a great impact on the patient's life. In particular, swallowing disorders can make it difficult for patients to eat and increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration, that is, accidentally inhaling food or liquid into the lungs and causing infection.

[0003] Therapeutic training for patients with dysphagia can help patients maintain and improve their swallowing ability. On the one hand, patients with dysphagia after stroke find it difficult to perceive the correct swallowing time. When training the patient's swallowing function, in order to avoid pulmonary aspiration, the patient needs to make a swallowing action at the right time during the breathing process. On the other hand, patients with dysphagia often have problems such as muscle weakness and insufficient swallowing power. According to the different technical effects to be achieved by the swallowing training rehabilitation equipment in the prior art, it can be roughly divided into two categories: one is to train patients to swallow at the right time, such as determining whether the patient swallows at the right time by judging whether the patient's swallowing action is during the breathing period before and after the patient's swallowing action, so as to train the patient's ability to swallow at the right time; the other is mainly to train the patient's laryngeal muscles. The main technical means at present is to train the patient's laryngeal muscles based on electrical stimulation technology. For example, CN210749204U discloses a swallowing training device that trains the patient's laryngeal muscles based on electrical stimulation technology. By comparing the electrical signals before and after the training of the patient's laryngeal muscles, the degree of improvement of the swallowing training device on the patient's dysphagia can be understood.

[0004] Existing swallowing rehabilitation training equipment takes into account how to standardize the patient's swallowing movements and improve the standard of the patient's swallowing movements. However, it ignores the fact that breathing and swallowing should be a natural and coherent movement. It is difficult for patients to perceive the correct time to swallow, and it is also due to the obstacles that patients have in completing breathing movements.

[0005] Therefore, there is still a lack of a swallowing training rehabilitation device that can systematically train patients to complete breathing and swallowing in coordination and improve patients' swallowing and breathing abilities. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training, which can train patients to complete breathing and swallowing coordination according to the residual motor function of the laryngeal muscles of patients with dysphagia, thereby improving the patient's swallowing ability while improving the patient's breathing ability, and effectively improving the rehabilitation effect of patients with dysphagia after stroke.

[0007] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training, comprising:

[0008] A pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device is used to collect surface electromyography signals of the patient's pharyngeal muscles;

[0009] A chest contraction and expansion sensor device is used to sense the contraction and expansion of the chest cavity when the patient breathes, wherein the chest contraction and expansion sensor device contains a tension sensor, and when the chest cavity contracts or expands when the patient breathes, the corresponding tension value changes;

[0010] A processing device, used to receive the surface electromyographic signal collected by the pharyngeal electromyographic acquisition device and the tension value in the tension sensor, extract features according to the surface electromyographic signal and calculate the electromyographic threshold value as a standard for evaluating whether the patient's swallowing action reaches an effective intensity; determine the patient's current breathing action according to the change of the tension value, and calculate the duration of the patient's breathing action;

[0011] The processing device includes a training control unit, which is used to determine whether each step of the patient's action meets the standard based on the electromyography threshold and the duration of the breathing action, and prompt the patient to perform the next step of swallowing and breathing coordinated training.

[0012] Preferably, the pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device includes a main control chip circuit, an analog front-end circuit and an electrode sheet. The analog front-end circuit acquires the surface electromyography signal of the patient's throat through the electrode sheet, and the main control chip circuit is used to control the analog front-end circuit to perform signal acquisition.

[0013] Preferably, there are two pairs of electrode sheets, each pair of electrode sheets includes two electrode sheets and there is a gap between the two electrode sheets; the arrangement of the two pairs of electrode sheets includes: inverted T-shaped, vertically parallel, horizontally parallel, longitudinally arranged and T-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, the calculation formula of the electromyographic threshold is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, is the myoelectric threshold, represents the mean of the absolute values ​​of the EMG data points used to calculate the threshold, represents the standard deviation of the absolute values ​​of the EMG data points used to calculate the threshold, Represents a multiple of the standard deviation.

[0017] Preferably, the processing device further comprises a visualization device, and the visualization device is used to present the real-time changes of the electromyographic signal data and the tension value.

[0018] Preferably, the visualization device can also present the actions that the patient currently needs to perform.

[0019] Preferably, the processing device further comprises a voice prompting device for prompting the patient to take the next action via voice.

[0020] Preferably, the processing device prompts the patient to perform swallowing and breathing coordination training according to the following steps:

[0021] Step A1. Prompt the patient to start inhaling, and determine whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A2, otherwise repeat A1;

[0022] Step A2. Prompt the patient to start holding his breath, and determine whether the duration of the patient's breath holding action reaches the set breath holding duration. If yes, proceed to step A3, otherwise return to step A1;

[0023] Step A3. Prompt the patient to swallow, collect the electromyographic signal value of the patient's throat in real time through the throat electromyographic acquisition device, and determine whether the surface electromyographic signal value of the throat reaches the electromyographic threshold when the patient swallows. If yes, proceed to step A4, otherwise repeat the training until the training timeout and return to A1;

[0024] Step A4. Prompt the patient to start exhaling, and determine whether the duration of the patient's exhalation reaches the set exhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A5, otherwise repeat A4;

[0025] Step A5. Prompt the patient to start coughing, and determine whether the patient is in a coughing state. If yes, proceed to step A6, otherwise repeat A5;

[0026] Step A6. After completing one rehabilitation training session, determine whether the overall treatment time is over. If so, end the swallowing and breathing coordination training; otherwise, jump to the step A1.

[0027] Preferably, it also includes a functional electrical stimulation device for performing electrical stimulation to assist the patient in completing breathing movements.

[0028] Preferably, the device controls the patient to perform swallowing and breathing coordination training according to the following steps:

[0029] The processing device prompts the patient to perform swallowing and breathing coordination training according to the following steps:

[0030] Step A1. prompt the patient to start inhaling, and electrically stimulate the patient's phrenic nerve through the functional electrical stimulation device, and determine whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A2, otherwise repeat A1;

[0031] Step A2. Prompt the patient to start holding his breath, and determine whether the duration of the patient's breath holding action reaches the set breath holding duration. If yes, proceed to step A3, otherwise return to step A1;

[0032] Step A3. Prompt the patient to swallow, collect the electromyographic signal value of the patient's throat in real time through the throat electromyographic acquisition device, and determine whether the surface electromyographic signal value of the throat reaches the electromyographic threshold when the patient swallows. If yes, proceed to step A4, otherwise repeat the training until the training timeout and return to A1;

[0033] Step A4. prompt the patient to start exhaling, and electrically stimulate the patient's rectus abdominis muscle through the functional electrical stimulation device, and determine whether the duration of the patient's exhalation action reaches the set exhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A5, otherwise repeat A4;

[0034] Step A5. Prompt the patient to start coughing, and determine whether the patient is in a coughing state. If yes, proceed to step A6, otherwise repeat A5;

[0035] Step A6. After completing one rehabilitation training session, determine whether the overall treatment time is over. If so, end the swallowing and breathing coordination training; otherwise, jump to the step A1.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention provides a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training, which can monitor the patient's current breathing condition, and according to the residual motor function of the laryngeal muscles of the patient with dysphagia, systematically train the patient to perform standardized movements within a specified time, and exercise the patient's ability to coordinate breathing and swallowing movements, thereby improving the patient's swallowing ability while improving the patient's breathing ability, and effectively improving the rehabilitation effect of patients with dysphagia after stroke; at the same time, the present invention can prompt the patient to make the appropriate next step in a clear and easy-to-understand biofeedback manner, and provide the patient with instant training feedback. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 The flowchart of the biofeedback training device for performing breathing and swallowing coordination training in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the placement of an inverted T-shaped vertical electrode for the laryngeal muscles in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the vertical placement of electrodes for laryngeal muscles in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the placement of electrodes at the laryngeal muscle level in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the placement of longitudinal electrodes for laryngeal muscles in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the placement of T-shaped vertical electrodes for laryngeal muscles in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of a biofeedback training device provided with a functional electrical stimulation device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 9 The flowchart of the biofeedback training device provided with a functional electrical stimulation device in an embodiment of the present invention performs breathing and swallowing coordination training. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training, including a pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device 1, a chest contraction and expansion sensing device 7 and a processing device 4.

[0049] Among them, the pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device 1 includes a main control chip circuit 2, an analog front-end circuit 3 and an electrode sheet 4. The analog front-end circuit 3 collects the surface electromyography signal of the patient's throat through the electrode sheet 4. The main control chip circuit 2 is used to control the analog front-end circuit 3 to perform signal acquisition. In one embodiment of the present invention, the sampling frequency is 1000 Hz and the resolution is 24 bits.

[0050] The chest contraction and expansion sensing device 8 comprises a breathing belt 9 with a built-in tension sensor. The breathing belt 9 is used to be worn on the patient's chest. The expansion or contraction movement of the chest cavity can be sensed by measuring the tension change of the tension sensor.

[0051] The processing device 5 includes an industrial computer 7, a display screen 6 and a voice prompt device connected to each other, and is used to collect the surface electromyographic signal of the throat collected by the pharyngeal electromyographic acquisition device 1 and the tension value of the respiratory belt 9. The processing device 5 can also extract the characteristic value of the surface electromyographic signal according to the surface electromyographic signal and calculate the electromyographic threshold value as a standard for evaluating whether the patient's swallowing action reaches an effective intensity; judge the patient's current breathing action according to the change of the tension value, and calculate the duration of the patient's breathing action.

[0052] The training control unit in the processing device is also used to determine whether each step of the patient's action meets the standard based on the electromyographic threshold and the duration of the breathing action, and control the patient's next step of swallowing and breathing coordinated training.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The flow chart of the breathing-swallowing coordinated training performed by the biofeedback training device for swallowing-breathing coordinated training provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0054] Step B1. Start swallowing rehabilitation training, place two pairs of electromyographic acquisition electrodes on the throat swallowing-related muscles, and proceed to step B2;

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the placement of two pairs of electromyographic acquisition electrodes on the throat swallowing-related muscles includes five types: inverted T-shaped, vertical parallel, horizontal parallel, longitudinal and T-shaped arrangements. Among them, the inverted T-shaped arrangement, such as Figure 3 As shown, one channel is arranged along the midline of the neck and placed in the belly of the geniohyoid muscle, and the other channel is placed in the belly of the thyroid cartilage on both sides of the thyroid cartilage depression; vertical parallel method, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two channels are placed vertically on both sides of the midline of the neck, the upper electrode is placed on the belly of the geniohyoid muscle above the hyoid bone, and the lower electrode is placed on the belly of the thyrochondrium; horizontal parallel method, such as Figure 5 As shown, the two channels are placed horizontally on both sides of the midline of the neck, the upper electrode is placed on the belly of the geniohyoid muscle above the hyoid bone, and the lower electrode is placed on the belly of the thyrochondrium; the longitudinal arrangement is as follows Figure 6 As shown, both channels are arranged vertically along the midline of the neck. One channel is arranged along the midline of the neck, the upper electrode is placed above the hyoid bone, the lower electrode is placed above the upper notch of the thyroid cartilage, and the other channel is below it, and the lowest electrode does not exceed below the cricoid cartilage; T-shaped arrangement, such as Figure 7 As shown, one channel is placed horizontally above the hyoid bone, one channel is arranged along the midline of the neck, the upper electrode is placed above the hyoid bone, the lower electrode is placed above the superior notch of the thyroid cartilage, and the other channel is below it, with the lowest electrode not exceeding below the cricoid cartilage.

[0056] Step B2. Adjust the training parameters through the display screen 6, the training parameters include the inhalation time, breath holding time, exhalation time, swallowing time, training time and electromyographic threshold. In the subsequent steps, the action must reach the set time or the corresponding standard, and then proceed to step B3;

[0057] In one of the embodiments of the present invention, in order to better set the electromyographic threshold in step B2, the swallowing ability of the patient can be evaluated, and a reference threshold can be obtained through the swallowing ability evaluation. The specific content of the evaluation is: first, the electromyographic acquisition electrode is attached to the swallowing-related muscles in the throat, and the surface electromyographic signal is collected. The sampling frequency of the surface electromyographic signal is 1000Hz and the resolution is 24 bits. Then the surface electromyographic signal is band-pass filtered and power frequency notched to eliminate the noise signal; wherein, the band-pass filter uses a 4th-order Butterworth digital filter with a bandwidth set to 5-500Hz, and the power frequency notch uses a 2nd-order single notch digital filter with a cut-off frequency of 50Hz; then the threshold for electromyographic evaluation or swallowing intention judgment is calculated; wherein, the electromyographic threshold The calculation formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] in, represents the EMG signal data points collected for calculating the EMG threshold, represent The surface electromyography signal value at the moment, and They represent the mean and standard deviation of the absolute values ​​of the surface electromyography data points in this section, Represents a multiple of the standard deviation. In one embodiment of the present invention, The value is 1000.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, The value is 3. In other embodiments, if more challenging training is required, a larger value may be selected. value, get a larger as the electromyographic threshold.

[0063] After the threshold calculation is completed, the swallowing ability assessment is completed, and the obtained electromyographic assessment threshold It can be used as the electromyographic threshold in swallowing and breathing coordination training.

[0064] Step B3: Start swallowing and breathing coordination training; the breathing belt 9 tied to the chest is used to determine the breathing phase (inhalation and exhalation) and calculate the corresponding time; at the same time, according to the training parameters set in step B2, breathing coordination rehabilitation training is performed on the dysphagia patient; the system uses voice to guide the patient to inhale, hold breath, swallow, exhale, and cough in sequence to complete the rehabilitation training in sequence;

[0065] The swallowing breathing training method described in step B3 specifically performs the following steps C1-C6:

[0066] Step C1. The patient is prompted by voice to start inhaling, and the breathing belt is used to determine whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration. If yes, the process proceeds to step C2, otherwise, the process returns to step C1;

[0067] Step C2. The patient is prompted by voice to start holding his breath, and the breathing belt is used to determine whether the duration of the patient's breath-holding action reaches the set breath-holding duration. If yes, the process proceeds to step C3, otherwise, the process returns to step C1;

[0068] Step C3. The patient is prompted by voice to start swallowing, and the myoelectric signal value of the patient's throat is collected in real time by the throat electromyography acquisition device, and it is determined whether the myoelectric signal value of the throat reaches the myoelectric threshold when the patient swallows. If yes, the training is entered into step C4, otherwise, the training is repeated until the training timeout is reached and the training returns to step C1;

[0069] Step C4. The patient is prompted by voice to start exhaling, and the breathing belt is used to determine whether the duration of the patient's exhalation action reaches the set exhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step C5, otherwise repeat C4.

[0070] Step C5. The patient is prompted by voice to start coughing, and the tension value of the breathing belt is used to determine whether the patient is in a coughing state. If yes, proceed to step C6, otherwise repeat C5;

[0071] Step C6. After completing one rehabilitation training session, determine whether the training duration has reached the training duration set in step B2. If so, end the breathing-swallowing coordinated training; otherwise, jump to C1.

[0072] In one of the embodiments of the present invention, during the entire swallowing and breathing coordinated training process, the processing device 5 displays the fluctuation of the patient's throat electromyographic signal value and the tension of the respiratory belt in the form of a graph through the display screen 6, and broadcasts the actions that the patient needs to perform through voice. Through these clear biofeedback, the patient can clearly realize his or her laryngeal muscle strength level and breathing movements, so as to make correct swallowing movements.

[0073] Specifically, the method of using the breathing belt to determine the current breathing state includes:

[0074] If the current tension value of the breathing belt is greater than the tension value of the breathing belt at the previous moment within a continuous preset time (such as 0.1 seconds or more), it is determined to be an inhalation state;

[0075] If the current tension value of the breathing belt is less than the tension value of the breathing belt at the previous moment within a preset time (such as 0.1 seconds or more), it is determined to be an exhalation state;

[0076] If the current tension value of the breathing belt fluctuates within the preset tension value (such as 0.1N) within the preset time (such as 0.1 seconds or more), it is determined to be a breath-holding state;

[0077] If the tension value of the current breathing belt fluctuates in an irregular manner within a preset time (such as 0.1 seconds or more), it is determined to be a coughing state.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a block diagram of another embodiment of a biofeedback device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training provided by the present invention.

[0079] In this preferred embodiment, the training device further comprises a functional electrical stimulation device 9 for assisting the patient in completing the breathing action.

[0080] Preferably: the functional electrical stimulation device 10 includes a boost circuit 11, a main control circuit 12, an H-bridge circuit 13 and a constant current source circuit 14, and can output four constant electrical stimulation currents; the boost circuit 11 is used to convert the battery input into 80V, which serves as the high-voltage side output of the functional electrical stimulation; the H-bridge circuit 13 connects the 80V high-voltage output with the constant current source circuit 14, which can control the direction of the current at both ends of the output load; the constant current source circuit 14 controls the intensity of the output current and keeps it consistent with the set intensity; the main control circuit 12 is connected to the industrial computer 7 of the processing device, and the main control circuit 12 controls the output current direction by opening and closing 20 pairs of transistors in the H-bridge circuit 13, and at the same time it adjusts the current intensity through the constant current source 14.

[0081] The functional electrical stimulation device 10 is connected to the processing device 5 for communication, and the processing device 5 configures the corresponding parameters of the functional electrical stimulation device 10 according to the electrical stimulation parameters input by the user and performs electrical stimulation. The electrical stimulation parameters include the duration of a single electrical stimulation, the electrical stimulation intensity, the electrical stimulation pulse width, the electrical stimulation frequency, and the electrical stimulation timeout. Different electrical stimulation parameters have different training effects.

[0082] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9The flowchart of the swallowing and breathing coordinated training performed by the aforementioned biofeedback training device provided with the functional electrical stimulation device 10 is shown. The steps of the swallowing and breathing coordinated training performed in this embodiment are basically the same as the steps of the swallowing and breathing coordinated training performed by the aforementioned biofeedback training device not provided with the functional electrical stimulation device 10, except that: the control step C1 of this embodiment specifically includes: controlling the patient to start inhaling, and electrically stimulating the patient's phrenic nerve through the functional electrical stimulation device 10. And judging whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration, if yes, then entering step C2, otherwise repeating C1; the control step C4 specifically includes: controlling the patient to start exhaling, and at the same time electrically stimulating the patient's rectus abdominis through the functional electrical stimulation device, judging whether the duration of the patient's exhalation action reaches the set exhalation duration, if yes, then entering step C5, otherwise repeating C4.

[0083] It is understandable that the purpose of electrical stimulation is to help patients with insufficient muscle function improve their muscle function. Electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve can cause the diaphragm to contract and the patient to inhale, and electrical stimulation of the rectus abdominis can cause the rectus abdominis to contract and the patient to exhale. By providing the functional electrical stimulation device, the muscle function of the patient's diaphragm and rectus abdominis can be improved, and the patient can be stimulated to perform standard breathing movements.

[0084] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may also change and modify the above implementation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training, characterized in that: include: A pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device is used to collect surface electromyography signals of the patient's pharyngeal muscles; A chest contraction and expansion sensor device is used to sense the contraction and expansion of the chest cavity when the patient breathes, wherein the chest contraction and expansion sensor device contains a tension sensor, and when the chest cavity contracts or expands when the patient breathes, the corresponding tension value changes; A processing device, used to receive the surface electromyographic signal collected by the pharyngeal electromyographic acquisition device and the tension value in the tension sensor, extract features according to the surface electromyographic signal and calculate the electromyographic threshold value as a standard for evaluating whether the patient's swallowing action is effective; determine the patient's current breathing action according to the change of the tension value, and calculate the duration of the patient's breathing action; The processing device includes a training control unit, which is used to determine whether each step of the patient's action meets the standard according to the electromyographic threshold and the duration of the breathing action, and prompt the patient to perform the next step of the swallowing and breathing coordination training; The processing device prompts the patient to perform swallowing and breathing coordination training according to the following steps: Step A1. Prompt the patient to start inhaling, and determine whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A2, otherwise repeat A1; Step A2. Prompt the patient to start holding his breath, and determine whether the duration of the patient's breath holding action reaches the set breath holding duration. If yes, proceed to step A3, otherwise return to step A1; Step A3. Prompt the patient to swallow, collect the electromyographic signal value of the patient's throat in real time through the throat electromyographic acquisition device, and determine whether the surface electromyographic signal value of the throat reaches the electromyographic threshold when the patient swallows. If yes, proceed to step A4, otherwise repeat the training until the training timeout and return to A1; Step A4. Prompt the patient to start exhaling, and determine whether the duration of the patient's exhalation reaches the set exhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A5, otherwise repeat A4; Step A5. Prompt the patient to start coughing, and determine whether the patient is in a coughing state. If yes, proceed to step A6, otherwise repeat A5; Step A6. After completing one rehabilitation training session, determine whether the overall treatment time is over. If so, end the swallowing and breathing coordination training; otherwise, jump to the step A1.

2. The biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device includes a main control chip circuit, an analog front-end circuit and an electrode sheet. The analog front-end circuit acquires surface electromyography signals of the patient's throat through the electrode sheet, and the main control chip circuit is used to control the analog front-end circuit to perform signal acquisition.

3. The biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two pairs of electrode sheets, each pair of electrode sheets includes two electrode sheets and there is a gap between the two electrode sheets; the arrangement modes of the two pairs of electrode sheets include: inverted T-shaped, vertically parallel, horizontally parallel, longitudinally arranged and T-shaped.

4. The biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the electromyographic threshold is: ； In the formula, is the myoelectric threshold, represents the mean of the absolute values ​​of the EMG signal data points used to calculate the EMG threshold. represents the standard deviation of the absolute values ​​of the EMG signal data points used to calculate the EMG threshold, Represents a multiple of the standard deviation.

5. A biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordinated training according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing device also includes a visualization device, and the visualization device is used to present real-time changes in electromyographic signal data and tension values.

6. The biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training according to claim 5, characterized in that: The visualization device is also used to present the actions that the patient currently needs to perform.

7. The biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device also includes a voice prompting device, which prompts the patient to take the next action through voice.

8. A biofeedback training device for swallowing and breathing coordination training, characterized in that: include: A pharyngeal electromyography acquisition device is used to collect surface electromyography signals of the patient's pharyngeal muscles; A chest contraction and expansion sensor device is used to sense the contraction and expansion of the chest cavity when the patient breathes, wherein the chest contraction and expansion sensor device contains a tension sensor, and when the chest cavity contracts or expands when the patient breathes, the corresponding tension value changes; A processing device, used to receive the surface electromyographic signal collected by the pharyngeal electromyographic acquisition device and the tension value in the tension sensor, extract features according to the surface electromyographic signal and calculate the electromyographic threshold value as a standard for evaluating whether the patient's swallowing action is effective; determine the patient's current breathing action according to the change of the tension value, and calculate the duration of the patient's breathing action; The processing device includes a training control unit, which is used to determine whether each step of the patient's action meets the standard according to the electromyographic threshold and the duration of the breathing action, and prompt the patient to perform the next step of the swallowing and breathing coordination training; Also included is a functional electrical stimulation device for performing electrical stimulation to assist the patient in completing the breathing action; The processing device prompts the patient to perform swallowing and breathing coordination training according to the following steps: Step A1. prompt the patient to start inhaling, and electrically stimulate the patient's phrenic nerve through the functional electrical stimulation device, and determine whether the duration of the patient's inhalation action reaches the set inhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A2, otherwise repeat A1; Step A2. Prompt the patient to start holding his breath, and determine whether the duration of the patient's breath holding action reaches the set breath holding duration. If yes, proceed to step A3, otherwise return to step A1; Step A3. Prompt the patient to swallow, collect the electromyographic signal value of the patient's throat in real time through the throat electromyographic acquisition device, and determine whether the surface electromyographic signal value of the throat reaches the electromyographic threshold when the patient swallows. If yes, proceed to step A4, otherwise repeat the training until the training timeout and return to A1; Step A4. prompt the patient to start exhaling, and electrically stimulate the patient's rectus abdominis muscle through the functional electrical stimulation device, and determine whether the duration of the patient's exhalation action reaches the set exhalation duration. If yes, proceed to step A5, otherwise repeat A4; Step A5. Prompt the patient to start coughing, and determine whether the patient is in a coughing state. If yes, proceed to step A6, otherwise repeat A5; Step A6. After completing one rehabilitation training session, determine whether the overall treatment time is over. If so, end the swallowing and breathing coordination training; otherwise, jump to the step A1.

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