Preparation method and application of highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material

Abstract

A preparation method and application of a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material, which relates to a preparation method and application of an electrode. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low specific capacity, energy density and cycle life of nickel hydroxide-based composite material electrodes used in existing nickel-zinc batteries. Method: 1. Prepare Ni(OH)2 nanosheets; 2. Prepare Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface materials; 3. In a three-electrode test, use cyclic voltammetry to perform overvoltage activation on the prepared Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface materials to obtain highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode materials. A highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material is used as a positive electrode in nickel-zinc batteries. The highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material prepared by the present invention has good electron transfer ability and electrode reaction kinetics, and its performance is excellent at 1Ag ‑1 At a current density of nearly 500 mAh g ‑1 mass specific capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an electrode. Background Art

[0002] Energy and sustainable development are increasingly becoming major challenges facing countries around the world as they develop. With the rapid growth of energy demand and the continued deterioration of the ecological environment, people are increasingly interested in the research and development and application of new clean energy sources and energy storage devices. Nickel-metal hydride (Ni / MH) batteries occupy a key position in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to their environmental friendliness, excellent low-temperature performance, and high safety. Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2), as the positive electrode material for nickel-based batteries, is widely used in nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), nickel-zinc (NiZn), nickel-cadmium (NiCd), and nickel-iron (NiFe) batteries. This is primarily due to its high specific capacity and excellent cycling stability, especially under deep discharge conditions. By optimizing synthesis methods, such as electrolytic and chemical methods, the purity, structural stability, and electrochemical performance of nickel hydroxide can be further improved. In recent years, nanoscale nickel hydroxide materials have demonstrated significant performance improvements. For example, the introduction of conductive materials such as carbon nanotubes significantly enhances the conductivity and mechanical stability of nickel hydroxide, thereby increasing the energy density and cycle life of the electrode. This type of composite structure not only performs well in batteries but also shows promising application prospects in energy storage devices such as supercapacitors. However, due to the limited intrinsic electrochemical active sites and sluggish electron / ion transport kinetics of nickel hydroxide, its actual specific capacity is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of low specific capacity, energy density and cycle life of nickel hydroxide-based composite material electrodes used in existing nickel-zinc batteries, and to provide a preparation method and application of highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode materials.

[0004] A method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material is specifically completed by the following steps:

[0005] 1. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets:

[0006] ① Pre-treating the nickel foam to remove impurities to obtain pre-treated nickel foam;

[0007] ② Add nickel nitrate, urea and ammonium fluoride to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a mixed solution;

[0008] ③. Transfer the mixed solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, immerse the pretreated nickel foam into the mixed solution, heat it to 120°C to 140°C, and then hydrothermally react at 120°C to 140°C for a period of time to obtain nickel foam with nickel hydroxide; rinse the nickel foam with nickel hydroxide with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain Ni(OH)2 nanosheets;

[0009] 2. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material:

[0010] ①. Add sodium sulfide to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a sodium sulfide solution;

[0011] ②. Transfer the sodium sulfide solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then immerse the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets in the sodium sulfide solution, raise the temperature to 120℃~140℃, and then hydrothermally react at 120℃~140℃ for a period of time to obtain a nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS; rinse the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material;

[0012] 3. In the three-electrode test, the Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material was overvoltage activated by cyclic voltammetry to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA heterogeneous interface electrode, which is a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material.

[0013] A highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material is used as the positive electrode in nickel-zinc batteries.

[0014] Advantages of the present invention:

[0015] The present invention induces the formation of a highly active structure by constructing a thin layer of nickel sulfide Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface on the surface of nickel hydroxide and subsequent overvoltage electrochemical activation; electrochemical impedance and pseudocapacitance contribution analysis show that the highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material has good electron transport ability and electrode reaction kinetics, and its -1 At a current density of nearly 500 mAh g -1 The mass specific capacity is much higher than that of nickel hydroxide after 5000 cycles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 XRD patterns of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0017] Figure 2Raman images of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 3 The scanning electron micrographs of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1 are compared. The left image is Ni(OH)2 and the right image is Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a high-resolution X-ray photoelectron absorption spectrum of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1. The left figure shows the binding energy distribution of the 2p orbital of the Ni element, and the right figure shows the binding energy distribution of the 2p orbital of the S element;

[0020] Figure 5 Comparison of the charge and discharge curves of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1. The left figure is Ni(OH)2 and the right figure is Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA.

[0021] Figure 6 Magnification image of the interface of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 7 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 8 is the pseudocapacitive contribution percentage of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the cycling performance of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1 at 10 A / g;

[0025] Figure 10 Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Examples 1 to 4 was heated to a current density of 1Ag. -1 The specific capacity under . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Specific embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material, which is specifically completed by the following steps:

[0027] 1. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets:

[0028] ① Pre-treating the nickel foam to remove impurities to obtain pre-treated nickel foam;

[0029] ② Add nickel nitrate, urea and ammonium fluoride to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a mixed solution;

[0030] ③. Transfer the mixed solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, immerse the pretreated nickel foam into the mixed solution, heat it to 120°C to 140°C, and then hydrothermally react at 120°C to 140°C for a period of time to obtain nickel foam with nickel hydroxide; rinse the nickel foam with nickel hydroxide with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain Ni(OH)2 nanosheets;

[0031] 2. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material:

[0032] ①. Add sodium sulfide to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a sodium sulfide solution;

[0033] ②. Transfer the sodium sulfide solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then immerse the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets in the sodium sulfide solution, raise the temperature to 120℃~140℃, and then hydrothermally react at 120℃~140℃ for a period of time to obtain a nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS; rinse the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material;

[0034] 3. In the three-electrode test, the Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material was overvoltage activated by cyclic voltammetry to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA heterogeneous interface electrode, which is a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material.

[0035] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that: the pretreatment described in step 1 ① is: first, immerse the nickel foam in an HCl solution and ultrasonically treat it for 10 min to 20 min, then immerse it in water and ultrasonically treat it for 10 min to 20 min to remove impurities, thereby obtaining pretreated nickel foam; the concentration of the HCl solution is 1 mol L -1 ~3molL -1 The other steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0036] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 or 2 in that the molar ratio of nickel nitrate, urea, and ammonium fluoride in step 1 (2) is (1 mmol to 2 mmol): (4 mmol to 6 mmol): (2 mmol to 3 mmol). The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 or 2.

[0037] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the volume ratio of nickel nitrate to deionized water in step 1 (2) is (1 mmol to 2 mmol): (15 mL to 30 mL); the magnetic stirring speed in step 1 (2) is 300 rpm to 350 rpm, and the magnetic stirring time is 30 min to 60 min. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0038] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that the hydrothermal reaction time in step 1 (3) is 5 to 7 hours. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0039] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that: in step 1 (3), the nickel foam with nickel hydroxide is rinsed 3 to 5 times with anhydrous ethanol and then ultrasonically treated in anhydrous ethanol for 1 to 2 minutes at a power of 360W to 480W; the drying temperature in step 1 (3) is 60°C to 80°C and the drying time is 6 to 8 hours. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0040] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that the volume ratio of the amount of sodium sulfide in step 2 (1) to deionized water is (0.0001 mol to 0.0007 mol): 30 mL; the speed of the magnetic stirring in step 2 (1) is 300 rpm to 350 rpm, and the magnetic stirring time is 30 min to 60 min. The other steps are the same as specific embodiments 1 to 6.

[0041] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 7 in that: the molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide in step 2 (2) is 3:1; the hydrothermal reaction time in step 2 (2) is 1.5 to 2.5 hours; in step 2 (2), the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS is rinsed 3 to 5 times with anhydrous ethanol and then ultrasonically treated in anhydrous ethanol for 1 to 2 minutes at a power of 360W to 480W; the drying temperature in step 2 (3) is 60°C to 80°C, and the drying time is 8 hours. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0042] Specific embodiment nine: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiments one to eight is that the three-electrode test described in step three uses Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material as the working electrode, platinum sheet as the counter electrode, Ag / AgCl as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte concentration is 1 molL -1The potential range of the cyclic voltammetry test is 0V to 0.7V; the number of cycles of voltage activation in step 3 is 20 to 30. The other steps are the same as those in specific embodiments 1 to 8.

[0043] Specific embodiment 10: This embodiment is an application of a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material as a positive electrode in a nickel-hydrogen battery.

[0044] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] Example 1: A method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material is specifically completed by the following steps:

[0046] 1. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets:

[0047] ① First, immerse the nickel foam (2cm×3cm) in a solution with a concentration of 3molL -1 The nickel foam was ultrasonically treated in an HCl solution for 10 minutes, and then immersed in water for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes to remove impurities, thereby obtaining pretreated nickel foam;

[0048] ② Add 1.5 mmol nickel nitrate, 5 mmol urea, and 2.5 mmol ammonium fluoride to 18 mL deionized water, and stir magnetically at a speed of 350 r / min for 30 min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0049] ③. The mixed solution was transferred to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and the pretreated nickel foam was immersed in the mixed solution. The temperature was raised to 120°C, and then hydrothermally reacted at 120°C for 6 hours to obtain nickel foam with nickel hydroxide. The nickel foam with nickel hydroxide was rinsed three times with anhydrous ethanol, and then ultrasonically treated in anhydrous ethanol for 1 minute at a power of 360W. Finally, it was dried at 60°C for 6 hours to obtain Ni(OH)2 nanosheets (denoted as Ni(OH)2).

[0050] 2. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material:

[0051] ①, sodium sulfide was added to deionized water, and magnetic stirring was performed at a speed of 350 r / min for 30 min to obtain a sodium sulfide solution;

[0052] The volume ratio of the amount of sodium sulfide described in step 2① to deionized water is 0.0007 mol:30 mL;

[0053] ②. Transfer the sodium sulfide solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then immerse the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets in the sodium sulfide solution, raise the temperature to 120℃, and then hydrothermally react at 120℃ for 2h to obtain nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS; rinse the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS three times with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment for 1min at a power of 360W, and finally dry it at 80℃ for 6h to obtain Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material;

[0054] The molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide described in step 2② is 3:1;

[0055] Third, in a three-electrode test, the Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material was overvoltage activated for 20 cycles by cyclic voltammetry to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA heterogeneous interface electrode, which is a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material (denoted as Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA);

[0056] The three-electrode test described in step 3 is to use Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material as the working electrode, platinum sheet as the counter electrode, Ag / AgCl as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte concentration is 1 mol / L -1 The potential range of the cyclic voltammetry test is 0V~0.7V, that is, the starting voltage is 0V and the ending voltage is 0.7V.

[0057] Figure 1 XRD patterns of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0058] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the Ni(OH)2 in the material is α-crystalline Ni(OH)2, while NiS is in an amorphous state.

[0059] Figure 2 Raman images of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0060] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that Ni(OH)2 is both at 457cm -1 There is a strong Raman peak, which is attributed to the vibration of Ni-O stretching mode. The sulfurized Ni(OH)2 is at 325cm -1 and 285cm -1 There is a strong peak, which is the Ni-S stretching vibration mode, and no other miscellaneous peaks appear.

[0061] Figure 3The scanning electron micrographs of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1 are compared. The left image is Ni(OH)2 and the right image is Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA.

[0062] Comparative analysis can confirm that the vertically grown nickel hydroxide nanosheets become thicker and grow vertically in a flocculent structure after overvoltage activation, indicating that the interface-enhanced electrochemical activation causes structural reconstruction and internal stress of the nickel hydroxide nanosheets.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a high-resolution X-ray photoelectron absorption spectrum of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1. The left figure shows the binding energy distribution of the 2p orbital of the Ni element, and the right figure shows the binding energy distribution of the 2p orbital of the S element;

[0064] The XPS spectrum on the left shows that Ni exists primarily in the +2 form, likely a nickel oxide or sulfide. The right image suggests that S exists primarily in the form of sulfide, possibly accompanied by some sulfur oxide compounds. Combining these two images, the material is likely a nickel sulfide composed primarily of NiS, further confirming successful sulfurization.

[0065] The test was carried out in 1 M KOH solution using Ni(OH)2 or Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1 as the working electrode, Pt sheet as the counter electrode, and Ag / AgCl as the reference electrode. Figures 5 to 9 As shown;

[0066] Figure 5 Comparison of the charge and discharge curves of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1. The left figure is Ni(OH)2 and the right figure is Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA.

[0067] from Figure 5 It can be clearly concluded that the specific capacity of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA material is significantly improved after overvoltage activation. -1 At a current density of 1000 s, the discharge time can reach more than 4000 s, indicating that the material has relatively good long-term discharge capability at low current density. Especially at a higher current density, although the discharge time is shortened, the discharge voltage is relatively stable, indicating that it has stronger adaptability and more stable performance at high current density.

[0068] Figure 6 Magnification image of the interface of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0069] from Figure 6It can be seen that the specific capacitance of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA material is significantly higher than that of Ni(OH)2, which is about 4000Fg at low current density. -1 .

[0070] Figure 7 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0071] from Figure 7 It can be seen that the semicircular arc diameter of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA in the high-frequency region is smaller than that of Ni(OH)2, and the ion diffusion coefficient is about 2 times higher than that of Ni(OH)2, indicating that the electron transfer impedance and ion transmission capacity of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA are effectively improved.

[0072] Figure 8 is the pseudocapacitive contribution percentage of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1;

[0073] from Figure 8 It can be seen that at a scan rate of 100 mV / s, the pseudocapacitive contribution of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA material reached 78%, indicating that the material has fast electrode reaction kinetics.

[0074] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the cycling performance of Ni(OH)2 and Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Example 1 at 10 A / g;

[0075] from Figure 9 It can be seen that Ni(OH)2 exhibits low capacitance retention. Its capacitance retention gradually decreases with increasing cycle number, falling to around 80% at 2000 cycles. Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA has significantly better cycling stability than Ni(OH)2, especially maintaining a capacitance retention of around 90% after 5000 cycles.

[0076] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that the molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide in step 2 (2) is 1:1. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0077] Example 3: This example differs from Example 1 in that the molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide in step 2② is 1:2. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0078] Example 4: This example differs from Example 1 in that the molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide in step 2 (2) is 6:1. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0079] Figure 10 Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared in Examples 1 to 4 was heated to a current density of 1Ag. -1 Specific capacity under

[0080] from Figure 10 It can be seen that the specific capacity of Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA prepared with a molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide of 3:1 is the largest.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material, characterized in that The preparation method is specifically completed according to the following steps:

1. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets: ① Pre-treating the nickel foam to remove impurities to obtain pre-treated nickel foam; ② Add nickel nitrate, urea and ammonium fluoride to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a mixed solution; ③. Transfer the mixed solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, immerse the pretreated nickel foam into the mixed solution, heat it to 120°C to 140°C, and then hydrothermally react at 120°C to 140°C for a period of time to obtain nickel foam with nickel hydroxide; rinse the nickel foam with nickel hydroxide with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain Ni(OH)2 nanosheets; 2. Preparation of Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material: ①. Add sodium sulfide to deionized water and stir magnetically for a period of time to obtain a sodium sulfide solution; ②. Transfer the sodium sulfide solution to a reactor with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, then immerse the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets in the sodium sulfide solution, raise the temperature to 120℃~140℃, and then hydrothermally react at 120℃~140℃ for a period of time to obtain a nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS; rinse the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS with anhydrous ethanol, then place it in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment, and dry it to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material; 3. In the three-electrode test, the Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material was overvoltage activated by cyclic voltammetry to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / NiS-IEOA heterogeneous interface electrode, which is a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material.

2. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The pretreatment in step 1① is as follows: first, immerse the nickel foam in an HCl solution and ultrasonically treat it for 10 min to 20 min, then immerse it in water and ultrasonically treat it for 10 min to 20 min to remove impurities, thereby obtaining the pretreated nickel foam; the concentration of the HCl solution is 1 mol L -1 ~3 mol L -1 .

3. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The molar ratio of nickel nitrate, urea and ammonium fluoride described in step 1② is (1mmol~2mmol):(4mmol~6mmol):(2mmol~3mmol).

4. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The volume ratio of the amount of nickel nitrate described in step 1 ② to deionized water is (1 mmol to 2 mmol): (15 mL to 30 mL); the speed of the magnetic stirring described in step 1 ② is 300 r / min to 350 r / min, and the magnetic stirring time is 30 min to 60 min.

5. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The time of the hydrothermal reaction described in step 1 ③ is 5h to 7h.

6. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The nickel foam with nickel hydroxide is rinsed 3 to 5 times with anhydrous ethanol as described in step 1 (3), and then placed in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment for 1 min to 2 min, with an ultrasonic treatment power of 360 W to 480 W; the drying temperature described in step 1 (3) is 60 ° C to 80 ° C, and the drying time is 6 h to 8 h.

7. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The volume ratio of the amount of sodium sulfide described in step 2① to deionized water is (0.0001mol~0.0007mol):30mL; the speed of the magnetic stirring described in step 2① is 300r / min~350r / min, and the magnetic stirring time is 30min~60min.

8. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The molar ratio of Ni(OH)2 nanosheets to sodium sulfide described in step 2② is 3:1; the time of the hydrothermal reaction described in step 2② is 1.5h~2.5h; in step 2②, the nickel foam with Ni(OH)2 and NiS is rinsed 3~5 times with anhydrous ethanol, and then placed in anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic treatment for 1min~2min, and the power of ultrasonic treatment is 360W~480W; the drying temperature described in step 2③ is 60℃~80℃, and the drying time is 8h.

9. The method for preparing a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-electrode test described in step 3 is to use Ni(OH)2 / NiS heterogeneous interface material as the working electrode, platinum sheet as the counter electrode, Ag / AgCl as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte concentration is 1 mol / L -1 The potential range of the cyclic voltammetry test is 0V to 0.7V; the number of cycles of voltage activation in step 3 is 20 to 30 cycles.

10. Use of a highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that A highly active nickel-based heterogeneous electrode material is used as the positive electrode in nickel-zinc batteries.

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