A detachable combined lithium ion battery pack

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of combination formula lithium ion battery groups of easy disassembly, comprising: multifunctional frame, including the frame formed by bottom plate, two end plates and two side plates, the inner side wall of two side plates is respectively provided with the insertion slot;Battery pack, including a plurality of sequentially stacked battery monomer in multifunctional frame, the two sides of battery monomer are respectively provided with the insertion plate matched with insertion slot;Battery monomer is detachably installed in the insertion slot of multifunctional frame by insertion plate;Side plate, end plate and bottom plate are all provided with accommodating cavity, and the energy-absorbing buffer structure is arranged in accommodating cavity, and the energy-absorbing buffer structure includes the wave-shaped structure panel formed by transverse wave and longitudinal wave orthogonal, and the wave-shaped structure panel satisfies specific relationship formula.Compared with prior art, the lithium ion battery group of the application can simplify the replacement maintenance process of battery monomer, improve the disassembly efficiency, and also can enhance the safety and reliability of battery pack, prolong the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy battery technology, specifically to a modular lithium-ion battery pack that is easy to disassemble and combine. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness, have been widely used in various portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage systems. With technological advancements and expanding applications, the design and functional requirements for lithium-ion battery modules are constantly increasing. However, existing lithium-ion battery modules have some significant shortcomings in terms of installation, maintenance, and safety.

[0003] First, traditional lithium-ion battery modules are typically designed as a single unit, requiring the entire battery pack to be disassembled to replace or maintain a single cell. This process is not only complex but also time-consuming and labor-intensive, significantly reducing maintenance efficiency and equipment availability. Especially in applications requiring rapid response, such as emergency backup power or battery replacement in electric vehicles, this design clearly cannot meet the demands for high efficiency and flexibility.

[0004] Secondly, existing battery modules typically lack effective safety protection designs. The inadequacy of the battery casing in terms of protection makes the battery pack susceptible to impacts, compression, vibration, and other damage during transportation or use.

[0005] If the battery casing cannot effectively absorb and buffer these external forces, it can easily damage individual battery cells, leading to safety hazards. Furthermore, when battery cells are subjected to abuse such as overcharging, over-discharging, or high temperatures, they may bulge and deform. If the battery module cannot provide sufficient space to accommodate these deformations, it can actually compress the battery cells, exacerbating safety risks. These safety hazards can not only lead to a decline in battery performance but, in severe cases, may even cause safety accidents such as fires or explosions, thus threatening the lives of users. In addition, if the battery casing structure and materials are not chosen appropriately, it may fail to prevent heat transfer during thermal runaway of individual battery cells, triggering a chain reaction and causing even greater safety accidents.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of lithium-ion battery module design that can enable quick assembly and disassembly of individual batteries, simplify maintenance operations, and improve maintenance efficiency; at the same time, it is also necessary to enhance the physical protection capabilities of the battery module to ensure the safe and stable operation of the battery under various environmental conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this disclosure is to provide an easy-to-disassemble and modular lithium-ion battery pack that simplifies the replacement and maintenance process of individual battery cells, improves disassembly and assembly efficiency, enhances the safety and reliability of the battery module, and extends its service life.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A modular lithium-ion battery pack that is easy to disassemble and reassemble includes:

[0010] A multifunctional frame includes a base plate, two end plates, and two side plates forming a frame. The inner walls of the two side plates are respectively provided with insertion slots.

[0011] The battery pack includes multiple battery cells stacked sequentially within the multifunctional frame. Each battery cell has a connector plate on each side that mates with the connector slot. The battery cells are detachably mounted to the connector slot of the multifunctional frame via the connector plates.

[0012] The side plate, the end plate, and the bottom plate are all provided with accommodating cavities. An energy-absorbing buffer structure is provided within each accommodating cavity. The energy-absorbing buffer structure includes a waveform structure panel formed orthogonally by transverse and longitudinal waves, and the waveform structure panel satisfies the following relationship:

[0013]

[0014] Where x and y are the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of each point on the waveform structure panel along the x-axis and y-axis, respectively, and Z(x, y) is the normal coordinate of each point on the waveform structure panel along the z-axis.

[0015] l and w are the length and width of the waveform structure panel, respectively; n x n y These represent the number of wave peaks along the horizontal direction and the number of wave peaks along the vertical direction on the waveform structure panel, respectively; A represents the amplitude of the waveform on the waveform structure panel.

[0016] Preferably, both the plug plate and the plug slot have a T-shaped cross-sectional shape.

[0017] Preferably, the end plate has locking protrusions on both sides, and the inner sidewalls of the two side plates connected to the end plate are respectively provided with locking grooves that cooperate with the locking protrusions, so that the end plate and the side plates are locked together.

[0018] Preferably, a heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component is provided between two adjacent battery cells. The heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component includes a heat-conducting frame and an energy-absorbing buffer structure disposed inside the heat-conducting frame. The heat-conducting frame includes a frame formed by two heat-conducting plates and two connecting plates.

[0019] Preferably, the amplitude A of the waveform on the waveform structure panel is 1 to 5 mm.

[0020] Preferably, when the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the end plate or the heat-conducting frame, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell.

[0021] When the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the side plate, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell.

[0022] When the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the base plate, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell.

[0023] Preferably, the energy-absorbing buffer structure is made of ceramicized silicone foam, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts vinyl silicone oil, 10-20 parts silica, 20-50 parts nano-ceramic powder, 0.1-1.0 parts ethynylcyclohexanol, 1-10 parts hydrogen-containing silicone oil, 1-10 parts hydroxyl silicone oil, 0.1-1.0 parts platinum catalyst, 10-20 parts β-nepheline, and 1-8 parts halloysite nanotubes.

[0024] Preferably, the energy-absorbing buffer structure is made of aluminum foam with a density of 0.2–0.5 g / cm³. 3 .

[0025] Preferably, the thermally conductive frame is a layered composite structure, including an aluminum substrate and a modified thermally conductive silicone disposed on the surface of the aluminum substrate, and the thermally conductive frame is fixed to the battery cell by the modified thermally conductive silicone.

[0026] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified thermally conductive silicone includes the following steps:

[0027] 1) Boron nitride and silane coupling agent were dispersed in 100 ml of aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 10:1, with concentrations of 40 mg / ml and 4 mg / ml, respectively; the mixed dispersion was placed in a water bath for sonication at 0℃ for 40 min, then centrifuged to remove excess solvent, and dried to obtain modified boron nitride powder.

[0028] 2) Modified boron nitride powder and graphene were dispersed in a mixed solvent of alcohol and water at a mass ratio of 1:5, with concentrations of 1.2 mg / ml and 6 mg / ml, respectively. At the same time, 2 mg / ml of carbon nanotubes were added. The mixture was ultrasonically sonicated at 1200W for 10 min using an ultrasonic cell disruptor to obtain graphene slurry.

[0029] 3) Immerse polyurethane foam in 2 mol / L NaOH solution, treat it in 40℃ warm water for 3.5 h, and then put it into 5 mg / ml aniline methyltriethoxysilane aqueous solution and soak it for 24 h to obtain modified polyurethane porous foam.

[0030] 4) The modified polyurethane porous foam structure was impregnated in the uniform graphene slurry prepared above, and ultrasonicated in a water bath at 0°C for 20 min; it was dried at 60°C, and then heated from 60°C to 200°C at a heating rate of 15°C per minute, and then heated from 200°C to 380°C at a heating rate of 3°C per minute for 30 min to remove the porous material and obtain a three-dimensional porous graphene-boron nitride composite material.

[0031] 5) Immerse the three-dimensional porous graphene-boron nitride composite material obtained above into silicone, remove air bubbles by vacuuming, and place it in a 125℃ oven for curing for 15 minutes to obtain modified thermally conductive silicone.

[0032] Preferably, the heat-conducting frame is a layered composite structure, comprising a first aluminum foam, a second aluminum foam, and a third aluminum foam arranged sequentially from the inside out. The densities ρ1 of the first aluminum foam, ρ2 of the second aluminum foam, and ρ3 of the third aluminum foam satisfy the relationship: ρ1 > ρ2 > ρ3. Furthermore, the first aluminum foam, the second aluminum foam, and the third aluminum foam are all provided with staggered pore structures, and the porosities Q1 of the first aluminum foam, Q2 of the second aluminum foam, and Q3 of the third aluminum foam satisfy the relationship: Q1 < Q2 < Q3.

[0033] Preferably, the density ρ1 of the first aluminum foam is 0.8–1.2 g / cm³. 3 The density ρ2 of the second aluminum foam is 0.5–0.8 g / cm³. 3 The density ρ3 of the third aluminum foam is 0.2–0.5 g / cm³. 3 ;

[0034] The porosity Q1 of the first aluminum foam is 45% to 60%; the porosity Q2 of the second aluminum foam is 60% to 75%; and the porosity Q3 of the third aluminum foam is 75% to 90%.

[0035] Preferably, the battery cell includes a battery cell and a casing for encapsulating the battery cell; the outer surface of the casing is provided with a first groove and a second groove, and the first groove and the second groove are embedded side by side on the outer surface of the casing, the first groove and the second groove extending from the center of the outer surface of the casing to the edge of the outer surface of the casing in a U-shape; the first groove is provided with a low-temperature resistant material layer, the phase transition temperature of the low-temperature resistant material layer is -12℃ to -15℃; the second groove is provided with a high-temperature resistant material layer, the phase transition temperature of the high-temperature resistant material layer is 57℃ to 62℃;

[0036] The thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer is the same as the depth of the first groove, and the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer is the same as the depth of the second groove; and the outer surfaces of the low-temperature resistant material layer, the high-temperature resistant material layer, and the shell are on the same horizontal plane; the depth of the first groove is H1, the depth of the second groove is H2, the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer is h1, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer is h2, and the wall thickness of the shell is H; wherein, H, H1, H2, h1, and h2 satisfy the following relationships: h1 = h2 = H1 = H2; 0.2H ≤ H1 ≤ 0.6H; 0.2H ≤ H2 ≤ 0.6H.

[0037] Preferably, the low-temperature resistant material layer comprises the following components in the following weight ratios: 40-50 parts of n-tetane, 25-35 parts of n-dodecane, 10-15 parts of 2-methylpentane, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-4 parts of graphene, 1-2 parts of nano-alumina, and 0.5-1 parts of silica aerogel.

[0038] The high-temperature resistant material layer comprises the following components in the indicated weight ratios: 45-55 parts glyceryl stearate, 20-25 parts palmitic acid, 10-15 parts polyethylene glycol 4000, 3-5 parts carbon nanotubes, 2-3 parts boron nitride nanosheets, 1-2 parts expanded graphite, and 0.5-1 parts nano magnesium oxide.

[0039] Preferably, the outer surface of the housing is further provided with a third groove, which is embedded side by side between the first groove and the second groove, and the third groove extends from the center of the outer surface of the housing to the edge of the outer surface of the housing in a U-shape.

[0040] The third groove is provided with modified thermally conductive silicone, the porosity of which is 65% to 85%, the thickness of which is greater than the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer or the high-temperature resistant material layer, and the modified thermally conductive silicone protrudes from the outer surface of the shell.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1) The multifunctional frame of this invention is composed of a base plate, end plates, and side plates. Battery cells are installed by interlocking with the side plates via insertion slots on the insertion plates. This design allows for individual disassembly and replacement of battery cells, greatly simplifying the maintenance process and improving disassembly and assembly efficiency. When a battery cell fails, the entire battery pack does not need to be replaced; only the specific battery cell needs to be replaced, saving costs and reducing maintenance time. This makes operation more convenient and efficient, particularly suitable for applications requiring frequent battery replacement, such as large-scale energy storage facilities or electric vehicles. Furthermore, this structure also makes the battery pack more modular, facilitating standardized production and maintenance.

[0043] 2) The side plate, end plate and bottom plate of the present invention are all provided with accommodating cavities, which are filled with energy-absorbing buffer structures. This design significantly improves the impact resistance of the battery pack. When a collision or vibration occurs, it can effectively absorb and disperse energy, protect the internal battery cells from damage, and thus enhance the safety and reliability of the entire battery pack.

[0044] 3) This invention uses a waveform structure panel formed by orthogonal transverse and longitudinal waves as an energy-absorbing buffer structure, and precisely defines the waveform structure through specific parameter relationships. This design not only provides excellent buffer performance, but also achieves the maximum energy absorption protection effect in a limited space. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lithium-ion battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a lithium-ion battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a top view of a lithium-ion battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a top view of a multifunctional frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a top view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end plate structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-absorbing buffer structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermally conductive and energy-absorbing component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat-conducting frame in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] In the diagram: 1. Multifunctional frame; 11. End plate; 111. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 12. Side plate; 121. Insertion slot; 122. Snap-fit ​​slot; 13. Base plate; 2. Battery pack; 21. Battery cell; 211. Insertion plate; 212. Low-temperature resistant material layer; 213. High-temperature resistant material layer; 214. Modified thermally conductive silicone; 3. Thermally conductive and energy-absorbing component; 31. Thermally conductive frame; 311. First aluminum foam; 312. Second aluminum foam; 313. Third aluminum foam; 10. Receptacle; 20. Energy-absorbing buffer structure. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Please see the appendix Figures 1-12 This embodiment provides an easily disassembled and reassembled lithium-ion battery pack, comprising:

[0060] The multi-functional frame 1 includes a frame formed by a base plate 13, two end plates 11 and two side plates 12, and the inner side walls of the two side plates 12 are respectively provided with insertion slots 121.

[0061] The battery pack 2 includes multiple battery cells 21 stacked sequentially within the multi-functional frame 1. Each battery cell 21 has a connector plate 211 on both sides that mates with a connector slot 121. The battery cells 21 can be detachably installed in the connector slot 121 of the multi-functional frame 1 via the connector plate 211.

[0062] The side plate 12, end plate 11, and bottom plate 13 are all provided with receiving cavities 10. An energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is provided inside the receiving cavity 10. The energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 includes a waveform structure panel formed orthogonally by transverse waves and longitudinal waves, and the waveform structure panel satisfies the following relationship:

[0063]

[0064] Where x and y are the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of each point on the waveform structure panel along the x-axis and y-axis, respectively, and Z(x, y) is the normal coordinate of each point on the waveform structure panel along the z-axis.

[0065] l and w are the length and width of the waveform structure panel, respectively; n x n y These represent the number of wave peaks along the horizontal direction and the number of wave peaks along the vertical direction on the waveform structure panel, respectively; A represents the amplitude of the waveform on the waveform structure panel.

[0066] The energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 of the present invention adopts a waveform structure panel formed by orthogonal transverse and longitudinal waves, which has isotropic properties; compared with triangular and unidirectional waveform structures, it has higher energy absorption efficiency and anti-expansion buffering effect.

[0067] The waveform structure panel of the present invention can be fabricated using 3D printing technology.

[0068] In one embodiment of this application, both the plug plate 211 and the plug slot 121 have a T-shaped cross-section. The T-shaped cross-section provides a larger contact area and stronger plug-in stability, facilitating disassembly while ensuring a more secure fixation of the battery cell 21 within the multifunctional frame 1.

[0069] In one embodiment of this application, the end plate 11 has locking protrusions 111 on both sides, and the inner sidewalls of the two side plates 12 connected to the end plate 11 are respectively provided with locking grooves 122 that mate with the locking protrusions 111, thus connecting the end plate 11 and the side plates 12 in a locking engagement. The engagement of the locking protrusions 111 and the locking grooves 122 achieves a more stable and reliable frame structure assembly, which not only improves the overall stability of the structure but also simplifies the assembly process. Similarly, the connection between the bottom plate 13 and the side plates 12 and the end plate 11 can also be achieved by the engagement of the locking protrusions 111 and the locking grooves 122.

[0070] In one embodiment of this application, a heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component 3 is provided between two adjacent battery cells 21. The heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component 3 includes a heat-conducting frame 31 and an energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 abutting against the inside of the heat-conducting frame 31. The heat-conducting frame 31 includes a frame formed by two heat-conducting plates and two connecting plates.

[0071] In this invention, a waveform structure panel formed by orthogonal transverse and longitudinal waves is used as the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20. By rationally designing the geometric parameters of the waveform structure panel, it can provide appropriate buffering force during battery charging and discharging. This not only meets the appropriate pressure required for the internal reaction of the battery but also effectively alleviates excessive expansion force, preventing lithium plating and capacity loss caused by excessive battery pressure. Traditional expansion force mitigation methods either easily lead to excessive overall expansion force in the battery pack 2 or affect heat dissipation efficiency or the sufficiency of battery reaction. This invention, by setting the waveform structure panel of the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 between the battery cells 21, utilizes the characteristic of its orthogonal transverse and longitudinal waves to absorb and disperse expansion force, avoiding direct rigid contact between the battery cells 21, thereby effectively reducing the negative impact of excessive expansion force on battery life.

[0072] This invention introduces a heat-conducting frame 31 with excellent thermal conductivity, which not only effectively fixes the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 but also improves heat dissipation efficiency, thereby preventing thermal runaway and allowing the battery pack 2 to maintain a low temperature under high load conditions, thus extending battery life and improving its safety. The opening of the frame can face either vertically or horizontally; the heat-conducting frame 31 adopts a frame structure formed by two heat-conducting plates and two connecting plates, which can provide a good heat dissipation channel for the individual battery cells 21 while ensuring the structural stability of the battery pack 2.

[0073] In one embodiment of this application, the amplitude A of the waveform on the waveform structure panel is 1 to 5 mm. When the amplitude of the waveform is in the range of 1 to 5 mm, the panel has sufficient elasticity to withstand external pressure or internal expansion force, without excessively increasing the volume and weight, maintaining the compactness of the battery pack, thereby optimizing the internal space utilization and the stability between battery cells.

[0074] In one embodiment of this application, when the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is located on the end plate 11 or the heat-conducting frame 31, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell 21, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell 21.

[0075] When the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is located on the side plate 12, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack 2, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell 21.

[0076] When the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is located on the base plate 13, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack 2, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell 21.

[0077] The size design of the waveform structure panel takes into account the actual size of the battery cell 21 and the battery pack 2 to ensure that the energy absorption structure can provide the best protection in different positions (end plate 11, side plate 12, bottom plate 13, heat conduction frame 31) without affecting the overall size and assembly efficiency of the battery pack 2; the size of the waveform structure panel can be optimized according to different application requirements to achieve the best protection effect.

[0078] In one embodiment of this application, the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is made of ceramicized silicone foam, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts vinyl silicone oil, 10-20 parts silica, 20-50 parts nano-ceramic powder, 0.1-1.0 parts ethynylcyclohexanol, 1-10 parts hydrogen-containing silicone oil, 1-10 parts hydroxyl silicone oil, 0.1-1.0 parts platinum catalyst, 10-20 parts β-nepheline, and 1-8 parts halloysite nanotubes. The ceramicized silicone foam provided by this invention not only has good elasticity under normal working conditions, providing excellent cushioning and protection for the battery cell 21, but also can rapidly form a self-supporting foam ceramic body at high temperatures, maintaining a high degree of cell structure retention, thereby exhibiting excellent heat insulation and flame retardant effects. Furthermore, it can withstand the burning of flames above 1300°C for a long time, effectively isolating the transmission of fire and temperature, controlling the fire range within a single battery area, and preventing adjacent batteries from catching fire.

[0079] Vinyl silicone oil serves as the primary polymer matrix, providing the necessary elasticity and flexibility in the foaming system. It can also enhance the material's mechanical strength by undergoing an addition reaction with hydrogen-containing silicone oil to form a cross-linked structure. Silica, acting as a reinforcing agent, increases the composite material's tear resistance and abrasion resistance while improving the silicone rubber's compression resistance, making the material less prone to deformation even under high loads. Nano-ceramic powder acts as a flame retardant, promoting the formation of a hard ceramic layer on the material surface at high temperatures, effectively preventing further propagation of flames and heat. Ethynylcyclohexanol acts as an inhibitor, controlling the polymerization rate and preventing structural instability caused by excessively rapid reactions. Hydrogen-containing silicone oil, as a cross-linking agent, reacts with vinyl silicone oil to form a silicone rubber network structure, enhancing the material's overall mechanical properties and thermal stability. Hydroxyl silicone oil acts as a foaming agent in this system, decomposing upon heating to produce gas and form a foam structure, thus providing good cushioning performance and low density. Platinum catalysts catalyze the addition crosslinking reaction of vinyl silicone oil and hydrogen-containing silicone oil, improving reaction efficiency and uniformity, and ensuring consistent material properties. β-Lithium nepheline, as a ceramic-forming agent, can promote the transformation of silicone rubber into ceramic at high temperatures, enhancing the material's high-temperature resistance and structural stability. Halloysite nanotubes, as a pore structure stabilizer, can form a uniformly distributed support structure in the material, enhancing pore structure stability and preventing collapse under high temperature or mechanical pressure.

[0080] Therefore, through these specific components and their synergistic effect, the silicone foam of this invention not only maintains excellent elasticity and flexibility, effectively protecting the battery cell 21, but also significantly improves the material's performance under extreme conditions. Especially in fire scenarios, this material can rapidly form a self-supporting foam ceramic body, greatly improving its heat insulation and flame retardant capabilities. This foam ceramic body can maintain its structural integrity and flame retardancy when subjected to high temperatures or direct flame irradiation, unlike traditional silicone foam which may crack, deform, collapse, or even pulverize under the same conditions, thus losing its protective ability.

[0081] The preparation method of this ceramicized silicone foam includes the following steps:

[0082] Step S1: Add vinyl silicone oil, silica, nano-ceramic powder, and β-nepheline to a kneader and knead into a ball at 100-150°C. Cool to obtain the base adhesive.

[0083] Step S2: Stir and mix hydroxyl silicone oil and halloysite nanotubes to obtain a foaming mixture; wherein the stirring speed is 23000-26000 r / min and the mixing time is 10-25 s;

[0084] Step S3: Add the above foaming mixture, ethynylcyclohexanol, hydrogen-containing silicone oil, and platinum catalyst to the base adhesive, mix evenly, and obtain the adhesive compound;

[0085] Step S4: The rubber compound is vulcanized and foamed using casting, calendering or molding processes to obtain ceramicized silicone foam.

[0086] The obtained ceramicized silicone foam is used to print a waveform structure panel using 3D printing technology, which yields the energy-absorbing buffer structure.

[0087] The ceramicized silicone foam prepared by this invention has the following advantages:

[0088] 1) Excellent mechanical properties and elasticity: Due to the cross-linked structure of vinyl silicone oil and hydrogen-containing silicone oil, coupled with the reinforcing effect of silica, the silicone foam of the present invention has good elasticity and resistance to mechanical stress, which enables it to maintain its original shape and function after long-term use or repeated compression.

[0089] 2) Highly efficient flame retardant and heat insulation capabilities: The addition of nano-ceramic powder and β-lithium nepheline enables the material to quickly form a protective ceramic layer when subjected to high temperatures or flames. This structure not only effectively isolates the flames but also reduces heat transfer, protecting the internal structure from damage.

[0090] 3) Highly stable foam structure: The foam structure is formed by the gas generated from the decomposition of hydroxyl silicone oil, and its stability is enhanced by halloysite nanotubes, so that the foam is not easy to collapse even at high temperature and maintains a high cell structure retention rate.

[0091] 4) Excellent heat resistance: The controlled polymerization rate of ethynylcyclohexanol and the efficient catalytic effect of platinum catalyst ensure the uniform formation and stability of the silicone rubber network structure, thus maintaining performance even under extreme high temperature environments.

[0092] In one embodiment according to this application, the energy-absorbing buffer structure 20 is made of aluminum foam with a density of 0.2–0.5 g / cm³. 3 The preferred value is 0.3 g / cm³. 3 Aluminum foam is a novel lightweight functional material that combines the characteristics of both metal and air bubbles, with its density controlled between 0.2 and 0.5 g / cm³. 3 This enables it to have excellent energy absorption and buffering effects, and can effectively absorb the expansion force of the battery, while minimizing the overall weight of battery pack 2.

[0093] In one embodiment of this application, the heat-conducting frame 31 is a layered composite structure, including an aluminum substrate and a modified thermally conductive silicone 214 disposed on the surface of the aluminum substrate. The heat-conducting frame 31 is fixed to the battery cell 21 by the modified thermally conductive silicone 214. The layered composite structure composed of the aluminum substrate and the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 can effectively balance the thermal conductivity, buffering and bonding performance. The modified thermally conductive silicone 214 has a thermal conductivity of 6-10 W / (m·K), which can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting frame 31, accelerate the heat conduction and dissipation of the battery cell 21, and effectively reduce the temperature gradient inside the battery pack 2.

[0094] In one embodiment of this application, the method for preparing modified thermally conductive silicone 214 includes the following steps:

[0095] 1) Boron nitride and silane coupling agent were dispersed in 100 ml of aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 10:1, with concentrations of 40 mg / ml and 4 mg / ml, respectively; the mixed dispersion was placed in a water bath for sonication at 0℃ for 40 min, then centrifuged to remove excess solvent, and dried to obtain modified boron nitride powder.

[0096] 2) Modified boron nitride powder and graphene were dispersed in a mixed solvent of alcohol and water at a mass ratio of 1:5, with concentrations of 1.2 mg / ml and 6 mg / ml, respectively. At the same time, 2 mg / ml of carbon nanotubes were added. The mixture was ultrasonically sonicated at 1200W for 10 min using an ultrasonic cell disruptor to obtain graphene slurry.

[0097] 3) Immerse polyurethane foam in 2 mol / L NaOH solution, treat it in 40℃ warm water for 3.5 h, and then put it into 5 mg / ml aniline methyltriethoxysilane aqueous solution and soak it for 24 h to obtain modified polyurethane porous foam.

[0098] 4) The modified polyurethane porous foam structure was impregnated in the uniform graphene slurry prepared above, and ultrasonicated in a water bath at 0°C for 20 min; it was dried at 60°C, and then heated from 60°C to 200°C at a heating rate of 15°C per minute, and then heated from 200°C to 380°C at a heating rate of 3°C per minute for 30 min to remove the porous material and obtain a three-dimensional porous graphene-boron nitride composite material.

[0099] 5) The three-dimensional porous graphene-boron nitride composite material obtained above is immersed in silicone, the air bubbles are removed by vacuuming, and it is placed in an oven at 125°C and cured for 15 minutes to obtain modified thermally conductive silicone 214.

[0100] In one embodiment of this application, the heat-conducting frame 31 is a layered composite structure, including a first aluminum foam 311, a second aluminum foam 312, and a third aluminum foam 313 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The densities ρ1 of the first aluminum foam 311, ρ2 of the second aluminum foam 312, and ρ3 of the third aluminum foam 313 satisfy the relationship: ρ1 > ρ2 > ρ3. Furthermore, the first aluminum foam 311, the second aluminum foam 312, and the third aluminum foam 313 are all provided with staggered pore structures, and the porosity Q1 of the first aluminum foam 311, the porosity Q2 of the second aluminum foam 312, and the porosity Q3 of the third aluminum foam 313 satisfy the relationship: Q1 < Q2 < Q3.

[0101] The layers can be bonded together using a hot-pressing or spraying process known in the art to form an integral sheet structure.

[0102] The three-layer aluminum foam structure with gradient density and porosity effectively absorbs and disperses impact energy, and has good thermal conductivity and heat dissipation, thus providing excellent buffer protection and thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance. Specifically, the high-density, low-porosity first aluminum foam 311 initially receives and disperses external impact energy, reducing the direct transmission of impact force to the interior; the medium-density, high-porosity second aluminum foam 312 further absorbs and disperses the remaining impact energy. The low-density, high-porosity third aluminum foam 313 has extremely high energy absorption capacity, ultimately absorbing and dispersing the remaining impact energy, protecting the battery cell 21. This application, through an innovative combination design of the porosity and density of each layer, achieves the effect of layer-by-layer absorption and dispersion of impact energy, thereby significantly improving the buffer protection performance of the lithium-ion battery pack 2. This gradient parameter design provides comprehensive protection under different mechanical environments, ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery pack 2.

[0103] In one embodiment according to this application, the density ρ1 of the first aluminum foam 311 is 0.8–1.2 g / cm³. 3 The preferred value is 0.95 g / cm³. 3 The density ρ2 of the second type of aluminum foam 312 is 0.5–0.8 g / cm³. 3 The preferred value is 0.65 g / cm³. 3 The density ρ3 of the third type of aluminum foam 313 is 0.2–0.5 g / cm³. 3 The preferred value is 0.35 g / cm³. 3 ;

[0104] The porosity Q1 of the first aluminum foam 311 is 45% to 60%, preferably 55%; the porosity Q2 of the second aluminum foam 312 is 60% to 75%, preferably 70%; and the porosity Q3 of the third aluminum foam 313 is 75% to 90%, preferably 85%.

[0105] In one embodiment of this application, the heat-conducting frame 31 is a layered composite structure, including an aluminum substrate and a heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating layer disposed on the surface of the aluminum substrate. The heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating layer comprises the following components in the following weight ratios: 40 parts aluminum nitride powder, 15 parts cubic boron nitride powder, 5 parts graphene nanosheets, 20 parts polyimide resin, 5 parts silane coupling agent, 10 parts nanoscale silver powder, and 5 parts carbon nanotubes.

[0106] This material combines aluminum nitride, cubic boron nitride, graphene nanosheets, nanoscale silver powder, and carbon nanotubes to achieve a balance of high thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, and mechanical strength. Aluminum nitride and cubic boron nitride, with their high thermal conductivity, enhance heat dissipation efficiency, while graphene nanosheets and carbon nanotubes further improve thermal conductivity. Polyimide resin is used as the high-temperature resistant matrix material, working in conjunction with the high thermal conductivity filler to provide excellent heat dissipation and high-temperature resistance. A silane coupling agent is used to modify the surface of the filler, improving the interfacial adhesion between the filler and the matrix and enhancing the overall performance of the material. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of the components forms a highly efficient thermally conductive network, improving the thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance of the thermally conductive frame 31.

[0107] The method for preparing the heat absorption and dissipation layer is as follows:

[0108] Step 1: Pre-processing

[0109] Materials preparation:

[0110] Weigh aluminum nitride powder, cubic boron nitride powder, graphene nanosheets, nanoscale silver powder, and carbon nanotubes according to the specified proportions and set aside.

[0111] Prepare the polyimide resin and silane coupling agent.

[0112] Surface modification:

[0113] The fillers (aluminum nitride, cubic boron nitride, graphene nanosheets, nanoscale silver powder and carbon nanotubes) were mixed with silane coupling agents in anhydrous ethanol and stirred for 2 hours to perform surface modification.

[0114] The modified filler was dried at 80°C to remove residual ethanol.

[0115] Step 2: Mixing and Dispersing

[0116] Mixed packing:

[0117] Mix the modified fillers using a high-speed mixer or ball mill to ensure uniform dispersion; control the mixing time to more than 2 hours to ensure that all components are fully mixed.

[0118] Add matrix material:

[0119] The polyimide resin was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to form a homogeneous solution;

[0120] The mixed filler is gradually added to the polyimide solution, and stirring is continued until a uniform slurry is formed.

[0121] Step 3: Molding and Curing

[0122] The uniformly mixed slurry is evenly coated onto the aluminum substrate;

[0123] The coated aluminum substrate was dried at 80°C for 2 hours to allow the NMP solvent to evaporate completely.

[0124] The aluminum substrate is then placed in an oven and cured at 300°C for 2 hours to allow the polyimide resin to fully crosslink and cure, thus obtaining the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating layer.

[0125] In one embodiment of this application, the battery cell 21 includes a cell and a casing for encapsulating the cell; a first groove and a second groove are provided on the outer surface of the casing, and the first groove and the second groove are embedded side by side on the outer surface of the casing, the first groove and the second groove extending from the center of the outer surface of the casing to the edge of the outer surface of the casing in a U-shape; a low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is provided in the first groove, the phase transition temperature of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is -12℃ to -15℃; a high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is provided in the second groove, the phase transition temperature of the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is 57℃ to 62℃; wherein, by providing a low-temperature resistant material layer 212 and a high-temperature resistant material layer 213 on the outer surface of the battery casing respectively, the present invention effectively solves the performance problem of lithium-ion batteries at extreme temperatures and greatly expands the operating temperature range of the battery. Among them, the phase transition temperature of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is -12℃ to -15℃, and the phase transition temperature of the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is 57℃ to 62℃. The design of this high-temperature resistant material layer can absorb or release heat within a specific temperature range, enabling the lithium-ion battery to work stably within the temperature range of -15℃ to 62℃.

[0126] The thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is the same as the depth of the first groove, and the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is the same as the depth of the second groove; and the outer surfaces of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212, the high-temperature resistant material layer 213, and the shell are on the same horizontal plane; the depth of the first groove is H1, the depth of the second groove is H2, the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is h1, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is h2, and the wall thickness of the shell is H; wherein, H, H1, H2, h1, and h2 satisfy the following relationships: h1=h2=H1=H2; 0.2H≤H1≤0.6H; 0.2H≤H2≤0.6H.

[0127] The present invention features a first groove and a second groove embedded side-by-side on the outer surface of the casing. The first groove and the second groove extend from the center of the outer surface of the casing in a U-shape towards the edge of the outer surface of the casing. A low-temperature resistant material layer 212 and a high-temperature resistant material layer 213 are respectively disposed in the first groove and the second groove, and the outer surfaces of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212, the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 and the casing are all on the same horizontal plane. Through the above structural design, the flatness and aesthetics of the battery appearance are ensured. The battery can effectively improve its high and low temperature resistance without increasing the wall thickness of the battery casing, thus ensuring that the volumetric energy density of the battery is not compromised. Moreover, the U-shape design of the first groove and the second groove increases the heat exchange area and improves the temperature regulation efficiency.

[0128] By precisely controlling the dimensional proportions of the first groove, the second groove, the low-temperature resistant material layer 212, the high-temperature resistant material layer 213, and the casing, the overall structural strength and high / low temperature resistance of the battery are effectively ensured. If the groove depth is too small, it will be difficult to support the high-temperature resistant material layer; if the groove depth is too large, it will affect the strength of the casing. Therefore, this dimensional proportion design ensures that the high-temperature resistant material layer does not affect the overall integration of the battery while fully utilizing its function.

[0129] In one embodiment of this application, the projected area of ​​the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is S1, the projected area of ​​the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is S2, and the projected area of ​​the shell is S; wherein S1, S2, and S satisfy the relationship: 0.6S≤S1+S2≤S. By controlling the sum of the projected areas of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 and the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 to satisfy the above relationship, it is ensured that the coverage area of ​​the material layers is large enough to effectively regulate the temperature of the entire shell.

[0130] In one embodiment of this application, the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of n-tetane, 25-35 parts of n-dodecane, 10-15 parts of 2-methylpentane, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-4 parts of graphene, 1-2 parts of nano-alumina, and 0.5-1 parts of silica aerogel.

[0131] Among them, n-tetane and n-dodecane serve as the main phase change materials, providing low-temperature phase change capability. Their combined use can regulate the phase change temperature and lower the freezing point. 2-Methylpentane further lowers the freezing point of the mixture, increases the material's fluidity, and improves low-temperature performance. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) acts as a thickener and structural stabilizer, improving the material's mechanical strength and shape stability. Graphene significantly improves the material's thermal conductivity, enhancing heat distribution within the phase change material. Nano-alumina strengthens the material's thermal stability, improving both thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. Silica aerogel provides excellent thermal insulation, reducing heat loss and improving the efficiency of the phase change material. The phase change temperature of this low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is -12℃ to -15℃. When this phase change temperature is reached, it can rapidly release heat, effectively regulating the battery temperature and improving the battery's low-temperature performance.

[0132] The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 is as follows:

[0133] (1) Mix n-tetane, n-dodecane and 2-methylpentane according to the specified ratio and stir until homogeneous at room temperature;

[0134] (2) Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a small amount of deionized water, heat to 60°C and stir until completely dissolved;

[0135] (3) Slowly add the solution from step (2) to the mixture from step (1) and disperse it evenly for 30 minutes using a high-speed shear machine;

[0136] (4) Disperse graphene in a small amount of ethanol and sonicate for 20 minutes;

[0137] (5) Add the suspension, nano alumina and silica aerogel from step (4) to the mixture from step (3) in sequence, and continue high-speed shearing for 15 minutes to obtain a low-temperature resistant material layer slurry.

[0138] (6) Apply the low-temperature resistant material layer slurry to the first groove and dry it to obtain the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 with the required shape and thickness.

[0139] In one embodiment of this application, the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of glyceryl stearate, 20-25 parts of palmitic acid, 10-15 parts of polyethylene glycol 4000, 3-5 parts of carbon nanotubes, 2-3 parts of boron nitride nanosheets, 1-2 parts of expanded graphite, and 0.5-1 parts of nano-magnesium oxide.

[0140] Among them, glyceryl stearate and palmitic acid serve as the main phase change materials, providing high-temperature phase change capability; their combined use can adjust the phase change temperature range. Polyethylene glycol 4000 regulates the phase change temperature, increases the material's heat capacity, and improves its heat storage capacity. Carbon nanotubes significantly improve the material's thermal conductivity, enhancing the rapid distribution of heat within the phase change material. Boron nitride nanosheets further enhance thermal conductivity and improve the material's thermal stability. Expanded graphite increases the material's specific surface area, improves heat exchange efficiency, and enhances its thermal conductivity and flame retardancy. Nano-magnesium oxide enhances the material's thermal stability and flame retardancy, improving its structural integrity at high temperatures. The phase change temperature of this high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is 57℃~62℃. When this phase change temperature is reached, it can rapidly absorb heat, effectively regulating the battery temperature and improving the battery's high-temperature resistance.

[0141] The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 is as follows:

[0142] (1) Mix octadecyl glycerol and palmitic acid according to the ratio, heat and melt them in an oil bath at 85-95℃, and stir evenly;

[0143] (2) Add polyethylene glycol 4000 to the molten mixture in step (1) and continue stirring until completely dissolved;

[0144] (3) Disperse carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanosheets in a small amount of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and sonicate for 30 minutes;

[0145] (4) Slowly add the suspension from step (3) to the molten mixture from step (2) and stir at high speed for 45 minutes;

[0146] (5) Add expanded graphite and nano-magnesium oxide, and continue to stir at high speed for 20 minutes to obtain a high-temperature resistant material slurry;

[0147] (6) The high-temperature resistant material layer slurry is coated onto the second groove and dried to obtain the high-temperature resistant material layer 213 with the required shape and thickness.

[0148] In one embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the housing is further provided with a third groove, which is embedded side by side between the first groove and the second groove, and the third groove extends from the center of the outer surface of the housing to the edge of the outer surface of the housing in a U-shape.

[0149] The third groove is provided with modified thermally conductive silicone 214. The porosity of the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 is 65% to 85%. The thickness of the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 is greater than the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer 212 or the high-temperature resistant material layer 213, and the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 protrudes from the outer surface of the shell.

[0150] The modified thermally conductive silicone 214 with a porosity of 65%–85% is placed in the third groove, which not only has good thermal conductivity but also a good energy absorption and buffering effect. Furthermore, during battery assembly, the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 can fix two adjacent batteries and absorb battery expansion forces. Its thermal conductivity can reach 6–10 W / (m·K), which can accelerate heat conduction and dissipation of the battery pack 2 at high temperatures, reducing the internal temperature of the battery pack 2. The preparation method of the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 is the same as that of the modified thermally conductive silicone 214 on the surface of the thermally conductive frame 31 mentioned earlier, and will not be repeated here. In addition, it should be noted that this structural design eliminates the need for the thermally conductive energy-absorbing component 3 between the battery cells 21. The modified thermally conductive silicone 214 achieves buffering and fixing effects between the battery cells 21, while the temperature-resistant material layer achieves temperature control of the battery pack. Furthermore, by eliminating the thermally conductive energy-absorbing component 3, space utilization is improved, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery pack.

[0151] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0152] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular lithium-ion battery pack that is easily disassembled, characterized in that, include: A multifunctional frame includes a base plate, two end plates, and two side plates forming a frame. The inner walls of the two side plates are respectively provided with insertion slots. The battery pack includes multiple battery cells stacked sequentially within the multifunctional frame. Each battery cell has a connector plate on each side that mates with the connector slot. The battery cells are detachably mounted to the connector slot of the multifunctional frame via the connector plates. The side plate, the end plate, and the bottom plate are all provided with accommodating cavities. An energy-absorbing buffer structure is provided within each accommodating cavity. The energy-absorbing buffer structure includes a waveform structure panel formed orthogonally by transverse and longitudinal waves, and the waveform structure panel satisfies the following relationship: Where x and y are the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of each point on the waveform structure panel along the x-axis and y-axis, respectively, and Z(x, y) is the normal coordinate of each point on the waveform structure panel along the z-axis. l, w are length and width of the corrugated structure panel respectively; n x , n y are the number of wave crests along the transverse direction and the number of wave crests along the longitudinal direction on the corrugated structure panel respectively; A is the amplitude of the corrugation on the corrugated structure panel; the amplitude A of the corrugation on the corrugated structure panel is 1-5 mm; The battery cell includes a battery cell and a casing for encapsulating the battery cell; the outer surface of the casing is provided with a first groove and a second groove, and the first groove and the second groove are embedded side by side on the outer surface of the casing, the first groove and the second groove extending from the center of the outer surface of the casing to the edge of the outer surface of the casing in a U-shape; the first groove is provided with a low-temperature resistant material layer, the phase transition temperature of the low-temperature resistant material layer is -12℃ to -15℃; the second groove is provided with a high-temperature resistant material layer, the phase transition temperature of the high-temperature resistant material layer is 57℃ to 62℃; The thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer is the same as the depth of the first groove, and the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer is the same as the depth of the second groove; and the outer surfaces of the low-temperature resistant material layer, the high-temperature resistant material layer, and the shell are on the same horizontal plane; Wherein, the depth of the first groove is H1, the depth of the second groove is H2, the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer is h1, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant material layer is h2, and the wall thickness of the shell is H; wherein, H, H1, H2, h1, and h2 satisfy the following relationships: h1=h2=H1=H2; 0.2H≤H1≤0.6H; The low-temperature resistant material layer comprises the following components in the following weight ratios: 40-50 parts of n-tetane, 25-35 parts of n-dodecane, 10-15 parts of 2-methylpentane, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-4 parts of graphene, 1-2 parts of nano-alumina, and 0.5-1 parts of silica aerogel. The high-temperature resistant material layer comprises the following components in the following weight ratios: 45-55 parts of glyceryl stearate, 20-25 parts of palmitic acid, 10-15 parts of polyethylene glycol 4000, 3-5 parts of carbon nanotubes, 2-3 parts of boron nitride nanosheets, 1-2 parts of expanded graphite, and 0.5-1 parts of nano-magnesium oxide. The outer surface of the housing is also provided with a third groove, which is embedded side by side between the first groove and the second groove, and the third groove extends from the center of the outer surface of the housing to the edge of the outer surface of the housing in a U-shape. The third groove is provided with modified thermally conductive silicone, the porosity of which is 65% to 85%, the thickness of which is greater than the thickness of the low-temperature resistant material layer or the high-temperature resistant material layer, and the modified thermally conductive silicone protrudes from the outer surface of the shell.

2. The easily disassembled modular lithium-ion battery pack of claim 1, wherein: Both the plug plate and the plug slot have a T-shaped cross-section. The end plate has locking protrusions on both sides, and the inner sidewalls of the two side plates connected to the end plate have locking grooves that mate with the locking protrusions, so that the end plate and the side plates are locked together.

3. The easily disassembled modular lithium-ion battery pack of claim 1, wherein: A heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component is provided between two adjacent battery cells. The heat-conducting and energy-absorbing component includes a heat-conducting frame and an energy-absorbing buffer structure abutting inside the heat-conducting frame. The heat-conducting frame includes a frame formed by two heat-conducting plates and two connecting plates.

4. The easily disassembled and modular lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the end plate or heat-conducting frame, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell. When the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the side plate, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the width of the battery cell. When the energy-absorbing buffer structure is located on the base plate, the length l of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery pack, and the width w of the waveform structure panel is less than or equal to the length of the battery cell.

5. The easily disassembled modular lithium-ion battery pack of claim 1 or 3, wherein: The energy-absorbing buffer structure is made of ceramicized silicone foam, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts vinyl silicone oil, 10-20 parts silica, 20-50 parts nano-ceramic powder, 0.1-1.0 parts ethynylcyclohexanol, 1-10 parts hydrogen-containing silicone oil, 1-10 parts hydroxyl silicone oil, 0.1-1.0 parts platinum catalyst, 10-20 parts β-nepheline, and 1-8 parts halloysite nanotubes.

6. The easily disassembled modular lithium-ion battery pack of claim 3, wherein: The thermally conductive frame is a layered composite structure, including an aluminum substrate and a modified thermally conductive silicone disposed on the surface of the aluminum substrate. The thermally conductive frame is fixed to the battery cell by the modified thermally conductive silicone.

7. The easily detachable and modular lithium-ion battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat-conducting frame is a layered composite structure, comprising a first aluminum foam, a second aluminum foam, and a third aluminum foam arranged sequentially from the inside out. The densities ρ1 of the first aluminum foam, ρ2 of the second aluminum foam, and ρ3 of the third aluminum foam satisfy the relationship: ρ1 > ρ2 > ρ3. Furthermore, the first aluminum foam, the second aluminum foam, and the third aluminum foam are all provided with staggered pore structures, and the porosities Q1 of the first aluminum foam, Q2 of the second aluminum foam, and Q3 of the third aluminum foam satisfy the relationship: Q1 < Q2 < Q3.

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