Broad-spectrum plant fungus bactericide
By using malotiate as a broad-spectrum plant pathogenic fungicide, the problem of rice blastin resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae has been solved, and efficient inhibition of a variety of plant pathogens has been achieved, especially against rice blastin resistant bacterial groups. Prevention effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411457281.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
AI Technical Summary
In the existing prevention and treatment of rice blast disease, rice blast spirit, as a special drug, has developed a subpopulation of resistant rice blast bacteria due to long-term use, resulting in a decrease in its prevention efficiency. New bacterial agents are needed to deal with resistant bacteria.
Malotiate is used as a medicinal ingredient and as a broad-spectrum plant pathogenic fungicide. By inhibiting the growth of Magnaporthe oryzae and other plant pathogenic bacteria, it overcomes the shortcomings of the narrow bactericidal spectrum of Magnaplast.
Malotiate can effectively inhibit the growth of a variety of plant pathogenic bacteria at low concentrations, including rice blast-resistant populations of Magnaporthe oryzae. It has a broad bactericidal spectrum and significantly improves the control effect of resistant bacterial populations.
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Figure CN119325992A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant pesticides, and in particular relates to a broad-spectrum plant fungicide. Background Art
[0002] Rice is the main food crop in my country. Rice blast is a fungal disease of rice, which often causes a 10-30% yield loss in rice. In severe cases, it can cause a large area of crop failure, seriously affecting the quality of rice and threatening human health. The pathogen of rice blast is Magnaporthe oryzae (commonly known as rice blast fungus), which can infect rice at all stages and different parts of its development, causing seedling blast, leaf blast, ear neck blast and grain blast. The formation of spindle-shaped necrotic spots on the leaves is a typical symptom of rice blast.
[0003] Rice blast is showing a high incidence trend, so the prevention and control of rice blast is of vital importance. The prevention and control of rice blast in my country is mainly prevention-oriented, combined with disease-resistant varieties, chemical control, and biological control. Chemical control is the most important prevention and control measure during the pandemic or loss of disease resistance of varieties. Chemical control has the advantages of economy and high efficiency, and is an indispensable and important part of the comprehensive management of rice blast.
[0004] In China, the main fungicides for rice blast control are tricyclazole, rice blast-butyl and myclobutanil, while prochloraz and tebuconazole are used as combination agents for rice blast control.
[0005] Isoprothiolane (IPT) is also known as 1,3-dithiopentane-2-methylmalonate, also known as Fuji No. 1, with a relative molecular mass of 290.4 and a molecular formula of C 12 H 18 O4S2, whose structural formula is
[0006]
[0007] In the classification of fungicide action mechanisms of the International Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC), rice blast is classified as F2 - inhibition of phospholipid synthesis.
[0008] Developed in the 1970s, pyrochlorein is a dithiocyclopentane fungicide. Pyrochlorein is a fungicide that is effective in preventing and treating rice blast. It prevents and treats rice blast by inhibiting the growth of mycelium and the invasion of infection spikes of rice blast fungi, but its actual mechanism of action is unclear. Although pyrochlorein is highly effective in preventing and treating rice blast, it has no significant preventive effect on other diseases.
[0009] As a specific drug for the prevention and control of rice blast, due to its long-term and large-scale use, a subpopulation of rice blast fungus resistant to pyraclostrobin has begun to appear in production. It will become increasingly urgent to develop new fungicides that are highly effective in preventing and controlling the pyraclostrobin-resistant rice blast fungus population.
[0010] Malotilate, also known as 1,3-dithioxo-2-methylmalonic acid diisopropyl ester, has a relative molecular mass of 288.4 and a molecular formula of C 12 H 16 O4S2, whose structural formula is
[0011]
[0012] Malotibutate is a dithiolane derivative with a structure similar to that of rice blasting, and is currently used to treat diseases such as human liver fibrosis. Summary of the invention
[0013] The object of the present invention is to provide a broad-spectrum plant pathogenic fungicide, the medicinal component of which includes malotiate.
[0014] In the process of studying the mechanism of action of rice blast, the inventors found that malotiate is a metabolite of rice blast that has actual activity in the body of rice blast pathogen.
[0015] Further research has found that malotiate can inhibit the growth of a variety of plant pathogens, and at the same time effectively inhibit the growth of rice blast-resistant mutants of rice blast fungus. Malotiate overcomes the shortcoming of the narrow fungicidal spectrum of rice blast, and can inhibit the growth of pathogens in crops, fruit trees and vegetables, and has a wide range of fungicidal capabilities.
[0016] The broad-spectrum plant pathogen fungicide provided by the present invention can effectively inhibit plant pathogens including but not limited to: Magnaporthe oryzae, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotiniasclerotiorum, Monilinia fructicola, Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Ustilaginoidea virens and Phytophthora capsici. The broad-spectrum plant pathogen fungicide provided by the present invention can also effectively inhibit the population of rice blast fungi resistant to Magnaporthe oryzae. The rice blast fungus population resistant to rice blast mainly refers to three types of medium rice blast fungus resistance, namely medium resistance type 1 (MR-1), medium resistance type 2 (MR-2) and medium resistance type 3 (MR-3).
[0017] The present invention also aims to provide the use of malotiate in the preparation of plant pathogenic fungicides.
[0018] The present invention also aims to provide a method for using malotiate as a broad-spectrum plant pathogen fungicide, which comprises spraying a medicament containing malotiate on leaves infected by plant diseases.
[0019] Malotiate is used as a broad-spectrum fungicide for plant pathogens, including directly using malotiate to contact kill plants, or using malotiate as an active ingredient or one of the active ingredients to prepare a medicament for inhibiting plant pathogens.
[0020] Further, the malotilate pesticide formulation may include malotilate and a pesticide adjuvant.
[0021] Furthermore, the use concentration of the malotiate pesticide preparation can be adjusted with reference to the use concentration of rice blasting agent.
[0022] Furthermore, the pesticide adjuvants in the malotiate pesticide preparation may include dispersants, emulsifiers, solvents, carriers, fillers, stabilizers, controlled release adjuvants, synergists, wetting agents, penetrants, spreaders, adhesives, spray adjuvants, anti-drift agents, safeners, antidotes, defoamers, warning colors and other ingredients.
[0023] Furthermore, malotiate can be formulated with other effective ingredients to form a compound pesticide.
[0024] The method for using the malotiate pesticide preparation is to dilute the malotiate pesticide preparation with water and then spray it on leaves infected by plant diseases.
[0025] Specifically, the present invention is as follows:
[0026] 1. A plant fungicide, the medicinal component of which includes malotiate.
[0027] 2. The plant fungicide according to item 1, characterized in that the plant fungi include: rice blast fungus, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Uscicapus oryzae and Phytophthora capsici.
[0028] 3. The plant fungicide according to item 2, characterized in that the rice blast fungus includes wild-type rice blast fungus and rice blast-resistant rice blast fungus.
[0029] 4. The method for using the plant fungicide according to any one of items 1 to 3 is to spray the plant fungicide on leaves infected by plant diseases.
[0030] 5. Application of malotiate in the preparation of plant fungicides.
[0031] 6. Application of malotiate in the preparation of plant pesticide preparations.
[0032] 7. A botanical pesticide preparation, comprising malotiate and a pesticide adjuvant.
[0033] 8. The plant pesticide formulation according to item 7 is characterized in that the pesticide adjuvant includes a dispersant, an emulsifier, a solvent, a carrier, a filler, a stabilizer, a controlled release adjuvant, a synergist, a wetting agent, a penetrant, a spreader, an adhesive, a spray adjuvant, an antidrift agent, a safener, an antidote, a defoaming agent and / or a warning color.
[0034] 9. The method for using the botanical pesticide preparation described in item 7 or 8 is to dilute the botanical pesticide preparation with water and then spray it on leaves infected by plant diseases.
[0035] 10. Use of the botanical pesticide preparation described in item 7 or 8 in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases.
[0036] 11. The use of the botanical pesticide preparation according to item 10 in the prevention and control of plant fungal diseases, characterized in that the plant fungi include: rice blast, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Mycotoxins, Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Uscicapus oryzae and Phytophthora capsici.
[0037] 12. Use of the botanical pesticide preparation according to item 11 for preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, characterized in that the rice blast fungus includes wild-type rice blast fungus and rice blast-resistant rice blast fungus.
[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0039] Malotibutate is the natural metabolite of rice blast fungus in the body of rice blast fungus.
[0040] Malotibutate is highly effective in inhibiting the growth of plant pathogens at low concentrations.
[0041] Malotibutate has a broad fungicidal spectrum and can inhibit the growth of a variety of plant pathogens including rice blast fungus.
[0042] Malotibutate can effectively inhibit the growth of rice blast fungus populations resistant to oryzae. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the analysis of the metabolites of rice blasting agent, among which, Figure 1 (A) is the metabolic process of rice blasting agent analyzed by GC-MS. Figure 1 (B) is the primary mass spectrum fragment of a specific product peak of rice blasting agent, Figure 1 (C) is the primary mass spectrum fragment of malotiate.
[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi by maloti ester, wherein: Figure 2 (A) is a picture showing the inhibition of the growth of different plant pathogenic fungi by malotiate on a plate. Figure 2 (B) is the mycelial inhibition rate of malotiate against different plant pathogenic fungi.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inhibition of the growth of the rice blast fungus population resistant to oryzae by maloti ester, wherein: Figure 3 (A) is a picture showing that malotiate inhibits the growth of different rice blast fungus resistant to oryzae on a plate. Figure 3 (B) is the mycelial inhibition rate of malotiate against different rice blast fungus resistant to rice blast fungus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. If not otherwise specified, the technical solution described in the present invention is a conventional solution in the art, and the reagents or materials are purchased from commercial channels. The following are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and there may be many variations. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims of the present invention. Therefore, modifications, improvements or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the disclosure of the present invention should all belong to the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
[0047] Example 1: Malotibate is a metabolite of pyralid that is actually active in the rice blast fungus
[0048] In the process of studying the mechanism of action of rice blast, the inventors found that malotiate is a metabolite of rice blast that has actual activity in the body of rice blast pathogen.
[0049] The wild-type rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae H08-1a) and the blast-resistant rice blast fungus mutant (Magnaporthe oryzae MR-3) were inoculated on PDA plates containing 8μg / mL blast-resistant. After 10 days of growth, 0.3g of mycelium on the surface of the plate was taken, dissolved in acetone, and passed through a 0.22μM biosharp BS-QT-013 organic filter. The metabolites of blast-resistant were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic conditions: injection temperature 220℃, column oven 100℃, maintained for 0min, 10℃ / min to 280℃, maintained for 22min; carrier gas: high-purity nitrogen; column flow rate 1mL / min. Injection mode: splitless injection, injection volume: 1μL. Mass spectrometry conditions: electron bombardment ion source (EI), ion source temperature of 280°C, electron energy of 70 eV, solvent extension time of 3 min; collision gas: high-purity nitrogen, flow rate of 1.5 mL / min; quenching gas: helium, flow rate of 2.25 mL / min, scanning mode is full scan mode (SCAN).
[0050] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the analysis of the metabolites of rice blasting agent.
[0051] Figure 1 (A) is the GC-MS analysis of the metabolic process of rice blast. The results show that rice blast appears a product peak at 15.0 minutes; compared with the rice blast resistant mutant MR-3, the wild-type rice blast fungus H08-1a appears a new specific product peak at 14.1 minutes. The product peak at 14.3 minutes is speculated to be linoleic acid, the product peak at 14.4 minutes is speculated to be (Z)-9-tetradecenal, and the product peak at 12.6 minutes is temporarily unclear.
[0052] Figure 1 (B) is the primary mass spectrum fragment of the specific product peak of rice blasting agent, Figure 1 (C) is the primary mass spectrum fragment of malotiate. The results show that after mass spectrometry identification, Figure 1 (A) The primary mass spectrometry fragments of the specific product peak of wild-type rice blast fungus H08-1a at 14.1 minutes ( Figure 1 B), and the primary mass spectrometric fragments of malotiate ( Figure 1 C) is basically consistent, we speculate that the product appearing at 14.1 minutes is maloti ester. Therefore, it is inferred that the inability to effectively produce maloti ester is the main reason why the rice blast fungus mutant MR-3 resistant to rice blast fungus shows resistance to rice blast.
[0053] Example 2: Use of malotiate as a broad-spectrum plant pathogen fungicide
[0054] Malotimethoxam was used to treat Magnaporthe oryzae H08-1a, Fusarium graminearum PH_1, Fusarium oxysporum Fo47, Botrytis cinerea B05.10, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980, Monilinia fructicola ZYTF5, Verticillium dahlia VDG1, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Yn7, Ustilaginoidea virens Js60-2 and Phytophthora capsica P6497, respectively.
[0055] The test method is as follows.
[0056] Rice blast fungus: The rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae H08-1a) was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the rice blast fungus was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the rice blast fungus was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The culture was carried out at 28°C for 5 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0057] Fusarium graminearum: The Fusarium graminearum PH_1 bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the Fusarium graminearum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the Fusarium graminearum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The plates were cultured at 25°C for 3 days, and the colony diameters were measured.
[0058] Fusarium oxysporum: Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, Fusarium oxysporum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and Fusarium oxysporum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The plates were cultured at 25°C for 3 days, and the colony diameters were measured.
[0059] Botrytis cinerea: Botrytis cinerea B05.10 was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, Botrytis cinerea was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and Botrytis cinerea was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL blastifungin as the blastifungin test group. The plates were cultured at 22°C for 3 days, and the colony diameters were measured.
[0060] Sclerotinia: The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980 bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The culture was carried out at 22°C for 3 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0061] Peach brown rot fungus: The fungus cake of peach brown rot fungus (Monilinia fructicola ZYTF5) was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the fungus cake of peach brown rot fungus was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the fungus cake of peach brown rot fungus was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL blastifungin as the blastifungin test group. The culture was carried out at 22°C for 4 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0062] Verticillium dahliae: The Verticillium dahliae VDG1 bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the Verticillium dahliae bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the Verticillium dahliae bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL blastifungin as the blastifungin test group. The culture was carried out at 26°C for 5 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0063] Rhizoctonia solani: Rhizoctonia solani Kühn Yn7 bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, Rhizoctonia solani bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and Rhizoctonia solani bacterial cake was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The culture was carried out at 28°C for 3 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0064] Rice spores: The rice spores (Ustilaginoidea virens Js60-2) were inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the rice spores were inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the rice spores were inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL blastifungin as the blastifungin test group. The plates were cultured at 27°C for 10 days, and the colony diameters were measured.
[0065] Capsicum nitrate: The fungus cake of Capsicum nitrate (Phytophthora capsica P6497) was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as the malotiate test group, the fungus cake of Capsicum nitrate was inoculated on a PDA plate without the drug as the blank control group, and the fungus cake of Capsicum nitrate was inoculated on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL oryzalin as the oryzalin test group. The culture was carried out at 27°C for 4 days, and the colony diameters were measured respectively.
[0066] The above treatment malotiate test group is the pathogen cultured on the PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate, the blank control group is the pathogen cultured normally on the PDA plate, and the blasticide test group is the pathogen cultured on the PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL blasticide. The diameter of the bacterial cake is 3 mm.
[0067] Six biological replicates were set for each test strain, and each experiment was repeated three times. The colony diameters were measured using the cross method and photographed and recorded, and the mycelial growth inhibition rate was calculated.
[0068] Colony growth pictures and colony growth inhibition rate Figure 2 shown.
[0069] The inhibition rate calculation formula is:
[0070] Inhibition rate (%) =
[0071] 100×(blank control group colony diameter - test group colony diameter) / (blank control group colony diameter - bacterial cake diameter)
[0072] (Formula 1)
[0073] Figure 2 In the table, error bars represent standard deviations, and different letters (A or B) represent significant differences (P < 0.01).
[0074] The results showed that compared with oryzalin, malotibate had a significant inhibitory effect on the above plant pathogens, indicating that malotibate has the potential to become a broad-spectrum plant pathogen fungicide. Compared with oryzalin, the inhibition rate of malotibate on rice blast fungus was slightly lower.
[0075] Example 3: Application of malotiate in the quorum inhibitor of rice blast fungus resistant to oryzae
[0076] Malotimethoxam was used to treat wild-type rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae H08-1a) and blast-resistant rice blast fungus populations, namely, Magnaporthe oryzae MR-1, Magnaporthe oryzae MR-2, and Magnaporthe oryzae MR-3.
[0077] The wild-type rice blast fungus and the rice blast fungus resistant to oryzae were inoculated on PDA plates containing 10 μg / mL malotiate as malotiate test groups, cultured at 28°C for 5 days, and the colony diameters were measured.
[0078] The above-treated malotiate test group was the pathogen cultured on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL malotiate, the blank control group was the pathogen cultured normally on a PDA plate, and the rice blast-resistant test group was the pathogen cultured on a PDA plate containing 10 μg / mL rice blast-resistant.
[0079] Six biological replicates were set for each test strain, and each experiment was repeated three times. The colony diameter was measured and the mycelial growth inhibition rate was calculated.
[0080] Colony growth pictures and colony growth inhibition rate Figure 3 shown.
[0081] The inhibition rate calculation formula is:
[0082] Inhibition rate (%) =
[0083] 100×(blank control group colony diameter - test group colony diameter) / (blank control group colony diameter - bacterial cake diameter)
[0084] (Formula 1)
[0085] Figure 3 In the table, error bars represent standard deviations, and different letters (A or B) represent significant differences (P < 0.01).
[0086] The results showed that compared with rice blast-butyl, malotiate had a significant inhibitory effect on the above rice blast-butyl-resistant rice blast fungus populations.
Claims
1. A plant fungicide, the medicinal component of which includes malotiate.
2. The plant fungicide according to claim 1, characterized in that The plant fungi include: rice blast fungus, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Uscicapus oryzae and Phytophthora capsici.
3. The plant fungicide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rice blast fungus includes wild-type rice blast fungus and rice blast fungus resistant to oryzalin.
4. The method for using the plant fungicide according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising spraying the plant fungicide on leaves infected by plant diseases.
5. Application of malotiate in the preparation of plant fungicides.
6. Application of malotiate in the preparation of plant pesticide preparations.
7. A botanical pesticide preparation, comprising malotiate and a pesticide adjuvant.
8. The botanical pesticide preparation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pesticide adjuvants include dispersants, emulsifiers, solvents, carriers, fillers, stabilizers, controlled release adjuvants, synergists, wetting agents, penetrants, spreaders, adhesives, spray adjuvants, anti-drift agents, safeners, antidotes, defoamers and / or warning colors.
9. The method for using the botanical pesticide preparation according to claim 7 or 8 is to dilute the botanical pesticide preparation with water and then spray it on leaves infected by plant diseases.
10. Use of the botanical pesticide preparation according to claim 7 or 8 in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases.
11. Use of the botanical pesticide preparation according to claim 10 in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, characterized in that: The plant fungi include: rice blast fungus, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Uscicapus oryzae and Phytophthora capsici.
12. Use of the botanical pesticide preparation according to claim 11 in preventing and controlling plant fungal diseases, characterized in that: The rice blast fungus includes wild-type rice blast fungus and rice blast fungus resistant to oryzalin.