Mine ventilation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine ventilation method, which can improve the ventilation effect in a mine by modifying a ventilation channel and ventilation equipment, so that the ventilation stability in the mine is improved, the air quality of ventilation can be improved, the air quality of ventilation is prevented from being reduced, and meanwhile, workers are trained. According to the invention, workers have strong safety consciousness, large safety accidents caused by carelessness are avoided, and the ventilation device has the advantages of more stable ventilation effect, improvement of the air quality of ventilation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and in particular to a mine ventilation method. Background Art

[0002] The mine ventilation system is one of the six important production systems in mine production. During the use of the mine ventilation system, the stability of the air supply is very important.

[0003] In the summer from May to September, due to the high surface temperature, heavy rainfall, and ground air humidity above 75% on hot days, the perceived temperature is hotter than in drier areas. Mechanized operations on the mine working surface, exhaust smoke from shovel loaders, heat from filling water, heat from diesel engine combustion, heating from electrical equipment, etc., make mine ventilation difficult and the working environment worse when the weather turns hot throughout the year. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize ventilation before the weather turns hot, increase air volume and improve effective air volume to quickly remove smoke and reduce temperatures to improve working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention discloses a mine ventilation method to solve the defects of the prior art mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mine ventilation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Purchase wide-mouth air curtain diffusers and combine them with the existing secondary station 30Kw fan to form a wide-mouth air curtain for mining;

[0007] (2) From the air intake to the return air, check the air blocking platform, accumulation, and blockage, and use the double-lane return air section;

[0008] (3) The cross section of the return air shaft at the end of the middle section is enlarged, and the cross section of the middle return air shaft is reduced; the key shafts are the 58# and 64# chute in the south of 530-500, which will initially bear the air intake of the 500 and 440 southern working faces, and serve as the lower part of the guide section chute to increase capacity. The cross section is designed to be 3m in diameter, and the air intake reaches 105m 3 / s;

[0009] (4) The upper and lower middle sections of the stope are connected during mining, and the middle stope is blocked at the top; the end stopes are connected and used as end return air shafts to keep them empty for a long time;

[0010] (5) Purchase 40 flame-retardant sealed airbags for mining, with specifications of 4m*4m*0.7m, 34Kg / bag, with a pedestrian hole at the bottom, and install them in the planned locations of multiple veins in the middle section of -500 and -440;

[0011] (6) Purchase air distribution skeleton ducts and air distribution soft ducts to achieve low-power double ducts with large air volume. Purchase skeleton ducts and connect them when the ducts turn to avoid knots. Avoid series ventilation as much as possible. According to the actual situation, local series and parallel connections should be used. When the air quality can be met, the air quality should be met as much as possible. When the air quality cannot be met, the air volume must be met.

[0012] (7) Install spray heads at the air inlet of the -530_2# main shaft stone gate, 1# unloading pit, and 2# unloading pit to reduce dust; sprinkle water from the top after blasting in the stope to ensure that the material has a certain humidity when it is discharged from the lower port;

[0013] (8) The high-voltage distribution room is hot, so a closed air conditioner is used for cooling. The distribution cabinet door is opened, and multiple household 80W fans are used to blow air to force heat exchange and cool down. The wellhead winch room and the shotcrete mixing shed are both opened in the room to install a 4Kw model dZNO15# low-pressure fan to cool down with large air volume heat exchange;

[0014] (9) Regular ventilation control in mines.

[0015] Preferably, the normalized ventilation control method of the mine is:

[0016] Regularly carry out wind measurement work in mines, mark regular wind measurement points, and conduct wind measurement every two months to correct the ventilation system model;

[0017] Establishing mine ventilation control procedures;

[0018] Train all technical management personnel underground to have a basic understanding of ventilation systems, fans, and ventilation structures, to accurately judge poorly ventilated areas, to understand well-ventilated evacuation and self-rescue areas, and to have basic skills on how to escape from fire accidents;

[0019] Training underground personnel to understand ventilation structures is a safety guarantee for adequate ventilation in the work area;

[0020] When designing excavation and mining, designers should communicate with ventilation engineers and specify the ventilation method in the design. In production organization, ventilation engineers should propose the number density and operation time of trackless equipment in an operation area based on the air volume distribution method to ensure a balanced match between air volume and operating equipment. Through ventilation guidance, local ventilation should be strengthened to ensure the single-head operation face.

[0021] Check the status of ventilation structures daily, perform regular maintenance and daily inspections on main fans, ensure that high-speed fans (-2, -4 motors) are filled with ZL-3 lithium-based grease once every 2-3 months, and the oil is changed after the third inspection, and low-speed fans (-6, -8, -10, -12 motors) are filled with grease once every 4-5 months, and the oil is changed after the third cleaning.

[0022] Preferably, the outlet size of the combined wide-mouth air curtain for mining is 0.9mX2.8m.

[0023] Preferably, the flame-retardant closed airbag for mining is replenished with air every 25-30 days.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0025] This application makes ventilation smoother and improves ventilation volume by modifying the ventilation system, ventilation passages and ventilation equipment, and provides training for technical personnel. Through the training, the workers' safety awareness can be improved, and they will pay more attention to ventilation issues and reduce accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a physical picture of the airbag in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Purchase wide-mouth air curtain diffusers and combine them with the existing 30Kw fan of the secondary machine station to form a wide-mouth air curtain for mining, improve the efficiency of jet-type pressurized ventilation in the middle and end mining areas and the heading face, and the freedom of fan installation position. According to the size of most tunnels, it is recommended to purchase 2 pieces with an outlet width of 0.9mX2.8m; the single cost is 15,000X2=30,000 yuan (including freight);

[0030] From the entire line from air intake to return air, check the platforms, accumulations, and blockages that block the air, and use the double-lane return air in the return air section to minimize system resistance;

[0031] The cross section of the return air shaft at the end of the middle section is enlarged, and the cross section of the middle return air shaft is reduced; the key shafts are the 58# and 64# chute in the south of 530-500, which will initially bear the air intake of the 500 and 440 southern working faces, and increase the capacity of the lower part of the guide section chute. The cross section is designed to a 3m circular diameter, and the air intake reaches 105m 3 / s, and later on, as the development and extension progressed, it was used as a chute;

[0032] The upper and lower middle sections of the stope are connected during mining. The middle stope has an adverse effect on air volume distribution and should be blocked in time at the top. The end stope is connected, which is equivalent to the end return air shaft, which is beneficial to air volume distribution and overall ventilation. Keep the air out as long as possible to reduce the overall wind resistance and improve the ventilation effect.

[0033] Purchase 40 flame-retardant sealed airbags for mining, with specifications of 4m*4m*0.7m, 34Kg / bag, and a pedestrian hole at the bottom; they can be reused many times, convenient and fast to move, and the whole time of single deployment and installation does not exceed 30 minutes, and they are refilled once every 25 to 30 days. They have good tightness when sealed, and can also adjust the air volume by creating gaps through air pressure. Because they are flexible seals, they can absorb vibration and have good anti-blast shock wave effects; after purchase, they can be quickly installed in the planned locations of multiple veins in the middle section of -500 and -440 according to the optimized plan in the shortest time;

[0034] Purchase air distribution skeleton ducts and air distribution soft ducts to achieve low-power double ducts to deliver large air volume. Purchase partial skeleton ducts and connect them when the ducts turn to avoid knots, reduce resistance as much as possible, and improve the ventilation effect of local fans.

[0035] Avoid series ventilation as much as possible as a whole, and combine series and parallel ventilation locally according to actual conditions. When the wind quality can be met, try to meet the wind quality as much as possible. When the wind quality cannot be met, the air volume must be met. Take advantage of each other to achieve the best practical ventilation method.

[0036] Strengthen watering and spraying dust suppression measures to improve air quality; install spray heads at the air inlet of the -530_2# main shaft stone gate, 1# unloading pit, and 2# unloading pit to reduce dust. The key locations are the places of concern of the Safety Supervision Bureau; sprinkle water from the top after blasting in the mining area to ensure that the material has a certain humidity when it is discharged from the lower mouth, and the dust generation is minimal when the scraper discharges the material and the chute in the mining area is unloaded;

[0037] Due to the high outdoor temperature in summer, the equipment in the wellhead winch room and high-voltage distribution room generates heat during operation, resulting in excessively high indoor temperatures, which can easily cause equipment power outages, seriously affecting mine production and posing a safety hazard. After on-site investigations, it was found that the winch room and high-voltage distribution room have high requirements for air quality. In order to avoid the influx of dust from external industrial sites, the doors and windows of the winch room and high-voltage distribution room were blocked to varying degrees, resulting in poor indoor air circulation and further weakening the heat exchange capacity. A shotcrete mixing yard is set up in the material shed at the wellhead of the auxiliary well, with entrance and exit gates on the south and east sides of the shed, with washed rice stones, cement and accelerators piled inside. When the mixer is operating and cement is being loaded and unloaded in the shed, a large amount of dust is generated due to poor air circulation, which is detrimental to the occupational health of the operators.

[0038] Solutions to the above problems:

[0039] The high-voltage distribution room is hot, so a closed air-conditioner is used for cooling. The distribution cabinet door is opened, and multiple household fans of about 80W are used to blow air for forced heat exchange and cooling.

[0040] The wellhead winch room and the shotcrete mixing shed both adopt the method of drilling holes in the room body to install 4Kw model dZNO15# low-pressure fans to achieve large air volume heat exchange and cooling. The hole positions have been determined on site.

[0041] Normalized ventilation control in mines:

[0042] Regularly carry out mine wind measurement work, mark regular wind measurement points, and measure wind once every two months to correct the ventilation system model; the mine currently has a 30m / s range high-speed wind meter, the starting wind speed is high, and the underground wind measurement accuracy is low; it is recommended to purchase a Kestrel Nk5000 or Nk3500 handheld multi-functional high-precision anemometer.

[0043] Establishing a mine ventilation control program

[0044] All technical management personnel underground must be trained to have a basic understanding of the ventilation system, fans and ventilation structures, and to be able to accurately judge poorly ventilated areas. They must understand well-ventilated evacuation and self-rescue areas and have basic skills on how to escape in the event of a fire accident.

[0045] Training underground personnel to recognize ventilation structures is the key to ensuring adequate ventilation in the work area. It is important to realize that everyone has the responsibility and obligation to keep the ventilation structures in good condition and to protect them. Warning signs should be used to let everyone know the condition that each ventilation structure should be maintained in. When damage to the ventilation structures is found, it should be reported in a timely manner and restored as soon as possible. Deliberate saboteurs must be investigated and given severe warnings and penalties upon discovery. Everyone is required to be in charge of ventilation and everyone is a ventilator.

[0046] When developing tunneling design and mining design, designers should communicate with ventilation engineers and specify the ventilation method in the design. In production organization, ventilation engineers should propose the number density and operating time of trackless equipment in an operating area based on the air volume distribution method to ensure a balanced match between the air volume and the operating equipment. Through ventilation guidance, local ventilation should be strengthened to ensure the single-headed working face and improve the overall ventilation effect.

[0047] Check the status of ventilation structures on a daily basis, and perform regular maintenance and daily inspections on the main fans to ensure:

[0048] High-speed fans (-2, -4 motors) should be filled with ZL-3 lithium-based grease every 2 to 3 months, and the oil should be changed after the third inspection;

[0049] Low-speed fans (-6, -8, -10, -12 motors) should be lubricated once every 4 to 5 months and cleaned and oiled once the third time.

[0050] Summarize

[0051] Using Vents im to establish a mine ventilation model can not only simulate the selection of station (auxiliary fan) fans, but also simulate the selection of local fan fans and matching wind duct combinations, and can also simulate the pressurization or resistance increase method to make reasonable air volume distribution and regulation for multiple wind points in multiple mining areas; this Vents im solution optimization has found the core problems of mine ventilation and proposed effective measures; through Vents im software, mine ventilation management work will be able to achieve quantitative control and precise implementation in the future with the effective tools enabled by science and technology, and form normalized ventilation control work standards.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine ventilation method, characterized in that: The following steps are included (1) Purchase wide-mouth air curtain diffusers and combine them with the existing secondary station 30Kw fan to form a wide-mouth air curtain for mining; (2) From the air intake to the return air, check the air blocking platform, accumulation, and blockage, and use the double-lane return air section; (3) The cross section of the return air shaft at the end of the middle section is enlarged, and the cross section of the middle return air shaft is reduced; the key shafts are the 58# and 64# chute in the south of 530-500, which will initially bear the air intake of the 500 and 440 southern working faces, and serve as the lower part of the guide section chute to increase capacity. The cross section is designed to be 3m in diameter, and the air intake reaches 105m 3 / s; (4) The upper and lower middle sections of the stope are connected during mining, and the middle stope is blocked at the top; the end stopes are connected and used as end return air shafts to keep them empty for a long time; (5) Purchase 40 flame-retardant sealed airbags for mining, with specifications of 4m*4m*0.7m, 34Kg / bag, with a pedestrian hole at the bottom, and install them in the planned locations of multiple veins in the middle section of -500 and -440; (6) Purchase air distribution skeleton ducts and air distribution soft ducts to achieve low-power double ducts with large air volume. Purchase skeleton ducts and connect them when the ducts turn to avoid knots. Avoid series ventilation as much as possible. According to the actual situation, local series and parallel connections should be used. When the air quality can be met, the air quality should be met as much as possible. When the air quality cannot be met, the air volume must be met. (7) Install spray heads at the air inlet of the -530_2# main shaft stone gate, 1# unloading pit, and 2# unloading pit to reduce dust; sprinkle water from the top after blasting in the stope to ensure that the material has a certain humidity when it is discharged from the lower port; (8) The high-voltage distribution room is hot, so a closed air conditioner is used for cooling. The distribution cabinet door is opened, and multiple household 80W fans are used to blow air to force heat exchange and cool down. The wellhead winch room and the shotcrete mixing shed are both opened in the room to install a 4Kw model dZNO15# low-pressure fan to cool down with large air volume heat exchange; (9) Regular ventilation control in mines.

2. A mine ventilation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mine's normalized ventilation control method is: Regularly carry out wind measurement work in mines, mark regular wind measurement points, and conduct wind measurement every two months to correct the ventilation system model; Establishing mine ventilation control procedures; Train all technical management personnel underground to have a basic understanding of ventilation systems, fans, and ventilation structures, to accurately judge poorly ventilated areas, to understand well-ventilated evacuation and self-rescue areas, and to have basic skills on how to escape from fire accidents; Training underground personnel to understand ventilation structures is a safety guarantee for adequate ventilation in the work area; When designing excavation and mining, designers should communicate with ventilation engineers and specify the ventilation method in the design. In production organization, ventilation engineers should propose the number density and operation time of trackless equipment in an operation area based on the air volume distribution method to ensure a balanced match between air volume and operating equipment. Through ventilation guidance, local ventilation should be strengthened to ensure the single-head operation face. Check the status of ventilation structures daily, perform regular maintenance and daily inspections on main fans, ensure that high-speed fans (-2, -4 motors) are filled with ZL-3 lithium-based grease once every 2-3 months, and the oil is changed after the third inspection, and low-speed fans (-6, -8, -10, -12 motors) are filled with grease once every 4-5 months, and the oil is changed after the third cleaning.

3. A mine ventilation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet size of the combined wide-mouth air curtain for mining is 0.9mX2.8m.

4. A mine ventilation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant closed airbag for mining is refilled every 25-30 days.

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