Power configuration sharing between sidelink user equipments (SL UEs)

Abstract

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and devices for wireless communications supporting power control of sidelink communications, including positioning operations using sidelinks. In a first aspect, a method of wireless communication includes retrieving, by a first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; and transmitting, by the first UE, at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information. Other aspects and features are also claimed and described.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to International Greek Application No. 20220100507, filed on June 22, 2022, entitled “POWER CONFIGURATION SHARING BETWEEN SIDELINK USER EQUIPMENT (SLUES)”, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to sidelinks. Certain features may enable and provide improved communications, including transmit power control for sidelinks. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting communication for multiple users by sharing the available network resources.

[0005] A wireless communication network may include several components. These components may include wireless communication devices, such as a base station (or Node B) that may support communication of several user equipments (UEs). A UE may communicate with a base station via a downlink and an uplink. A downlink (or forward link) refers to a communication link from a base station to a UE, and an uplink (or reverse link) refers to a communication link from a UE to a base station.

[0006] The base station may send data and control information to the UE on the downlink, or receive data and control information from the UE on the uplink. On the downlink, the transmission from the base station may encounter interference caused by transmissions from neighboring base stations or from other wireless radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, the transmission from the UE may encounter interference from other UEs communicating with neighboring base stations or from uplink transmissions from other wireless RF transmitters. Such interference may degrade performance on both the downlink and uplink.

[0007] As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, the potential for interference and congested networks grows with more UEs accessing long-range wireless communication networks and more short-range wireless systems deployed in communities. Research and development continues to advance wireless technologies to not only meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but also to improve and enhance the user experience with mobile communications.

[0008] As more UEs access the wireless communication network, power control becomes a more important consideration. Each UE becomes a potential source of interference by having a transmitter that may transmit a signal that interferes with the transmission of another UE or BS. In addition, UEs outside the coverage of the wireless communication network may still cause interference to the access link in the wireless communication network. Summary of the invention

[0009] The following summarizes some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the technology discussed. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of all expected features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure, nor to define the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its only purpose is to give some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in a summarized form as a prelude to more specific embodiments presented later.

[0010] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes: retrieving, by a first UE, first information about power control for a sidelink transmission; and sending, by the first UE, at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information. The wireless communication method may provide power control for the sidelink transmission and support positioning operations based on the sidelink transmission, including positioning operations using a sidelink positioning reference signal (SL PRS).

[0011] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to perform operations including: retrieving, by a first UE, first information about power control for sidelink transmission; and sending, by the first UE, at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information.

[0012] In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus includes: means for retrieving, by a first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; and means for sending, by the first UE, at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information.

[0013] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: retrieving, by a first UE, first information about power control for a sidelink transmission; and sending, by the first UE, at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information.

[0014] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication includes: receiving first information about power control for sidelink transmission from a first UE at a second UE; and transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission based on the first information about power control for the sidelink transmission.

[0015] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to perform operations including: receiving, at a second UE, first information about power control for a sidelink transmission from a first UE; and transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission according to the first information about power control for the sidelink transmission.

[0016] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus includes: a component for receiving, at a second UE, first information about power control for a sidelink transmission from a first UE; and a component for transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission based on the first information about power control for the sidelink transmission.

[0017] In an additional aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations including: receiving, at a second UE, first information about power control for a sidelink transmission from a first UE; and transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission in accordance with the first information about power control for the sidelink transmission.

[0018] In one aspect, the first UE shares the SL PRS power parameters with the second UE using a cluster-based approach or an area-based approach. In another aspect, the initiator anchor (the UE initiating the positioning session) includes the power control parameters in the initialization message, and the responding anchor includes the power control parameters for SL-PRS transmission in its response message. In another aspect, the target device may transmit a unicast, broadcast, or multicast message with a request to change the power control parameters. The target device may transmit a message to the initiator anchor, which updates the power control parameters to other relevant participating devices.

[0019] The features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following specific embodiments may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for the same purpose of achieving the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and methods of operation) and the associated advantages will be better understood according to the following description. Each of the figures in the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of limitations to the claims.

[0020] Although various aspects and specific implementations are described in this application by the illustration of some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional specific implementations and use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovation described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects and / or uses can be generated via integrated chip specific implementations and other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / purchase equipment, medical equipment, devices that enable artificial intelligence (AI), etc.). Although some examples may or may not specifically point to use cases or applications, the applicability of various types of described innovations may occur. The scope of specific implementations can range from chip-level or module components to non-module, non-chip-level specific implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems in conjunction with one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical environments, the equipment in conjunction with the various aspects and features described may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the various aspects claimed and described. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily include multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The innovations described herein are intended to be practiced in a variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc., having different sizes, shapes, and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure may be achieved by reference to the following drawings. In the drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference label. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by adding a dash and a second label to distinguish between similar components after the reference label. Where only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference label, regardless of the second reference label.

[0022] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0023] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a user equipment (UE) according to one or more aspects.

[0024] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Example wireless network structures are illustrated in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0025] Figure 4

[0013] An example of a wireless communication system supporting unicast sidelink establishment in accordance with one or more aspects is illustrated.

[0026] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example frame structure for use in a wireless telecommunications system in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0027] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication system that supports transmission of power control configuration information in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0028] Figure 7 is a flow chart illustrating an example process for supporting transmission of power control configuration information on a sidelink in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0029] Figure 8 is a flow chart illustrating an example process for supporting receiving power control configuration information for configuring a UE on a sidelink in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0030] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example communication system for sidelink communication of power control parameters for sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmissions in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0031] Fig.10 is a block diagram of an example UE supporting sidelink communications according to one or more aspects.

[0032] Like reference numbers and designations in different drawings indicate like elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are intended as descriptions of various configurations and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Instead, the specific embodiments include specific details for providing a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every case, and in some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of presentation.

[0034] The present disclosure provides systems, devices, methods and computer-readable media that support sidelink operations. Power control information (such as configuration and / or associated parameters) can be shared between UEs on the sidelink. An example use of the sidelink is to share parameters that can be used in the positioning of a UE or other mobile device. A positioning reference signal (PRS) can be sent by a UE based on power control information shared from other nearby UEs. Another UE or mobile device can receive a PRS signal and perform measurements based on the PRS to assist in determining the location of the UE or mobile device. In some embodiments, one or more UEs that receive power information on the SL can be out-of-coverage nodes.

[0035] Specific implementations of the subject matter described in the present disclosure may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages or benefits. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides techniques for sidelink (SL) positioning. In SL positioning, a SL UE transmits a SL PRS, which is received by other SL UEs. The SL PRS can be used to determine the location of one or more UEs in a wireless network. Determining an appropriate SL PRS transmit power level can improve the positioning process (in terms of reducing the time used to locate the location and in terms of increasing the accuracy of the location) in addition to saving SL UE power, and reduce potential interference caused by SL PRS transmission at excessive power levels. A SL UE that transmits a SL PRS can determine an appropriate SL PRS transmit power level in a faster and / or more accurate manner by receiving a SL PRS power configuration from a nearby UE and basing its own SL PRS transmit power level on the received SL PRS power configuration. Therefore, sharing of power information for the side link and controlling transmission on the side link according to various aspects of the present disclosure can improve SL positioning and otherwise improve operations on the side link.

[0036] The present disclosure as a whole relates to providing or participating in authorized shared access between two or more wireless devices in one or more wireless communication systems (also referred to as wireless communication networks). In various specific implementations, the various techniques and devices can be used in wireless communication networks, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, fifth generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as "5G NR" networks, systems or devices) and other communication networks. As described herein, the terms "network" and "system" can be used interchangeably.

[0037] A CDMA network may implement, for example, a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and Low Chip Rate (LCR). CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.

[0038] For example, a TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines the standards for the GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution) Radio Access Network (RAN) (also referred to as GERAN). GERAN is the radio component of the network of GSM / EDGE together with connecting base stations (e.g., Ater and Abis interfaces) and base station controllers (A interfaces, etc.). The radio access network represents a component of the GSM network, through which telephone calls and packet data are routed from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet to subscriber phones (also referred to as user terminals or user equipment (UE)) and from subscriber phones to the PSTN and the Internet. The network of a mobile phone operator may include one or more GERANs, which may be coupled to the UTRAN in the case of a UMTS / GSM network. Additionally, the operator network may also include one or more LTE networks, or one or more other networks. Various network types may use different radio access technologies (RATs) and RANs.

[0039] OFDMA network can implement radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA, E-UTRA and GSM are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Specifically, Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a UMTS version using E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS and LTE are described in documents provided by an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization named "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). These various radio technologies and standards are known or under development. For example, 3GPP is a collaboration between telecommunications association groups to define a globally applicable third generation (3G) mobile phone specification. 3GPP LTE is a 3GPP plan to improve the UMTS mobile phone standard. 3GPP can define the specifications of next generation mobile networks, mobile systems and mobile devices. The present disclosure may describe certain aspects with reference to LTE, 4G or 5G NR technology; however, the description is not intended to be limited to a particular technology or application, and one or more aspects described with reference to one technology may be understood to be applicable to another technology. Additionally, one or more aspects of the present disclosure may relate to shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.

[0040] 5G networks are expected to have diverse deployments, diverse spectrum, and diverse services and devices that can be implemented using a unified air interface based on OFDM. To achieve these goals, in addition to developing new radio technologies for 5G NR networks, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are also being considered. 5G NR will be able to scale to provide coverage (1) to massive Internet of Things (IoT), with ultra-high density (e.g., about 1M nodes / km 2 ), ultra-low complexity (e.g., about 10s of bits / sec), ultra-low energy (e.g., about 10+ years of battery life), and deep coverage with the ability to reach challenging locations; (2) including mission-critical control with strong security to protect sensitive personal, financial, or classified information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., about 99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., about 1 millisecond (ms)), and users with a wide range of mobility or lack of mobility; and (3) providing services with enhanced mobile broadband (including extremely high capacity (e.g., about 10Tbps / km 2 ), coverage of extremely high data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rates, 100+Mbps user experience rates), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimization).

[0041] Devices, networks, and systems may be configured to communicate via one or more portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are typically referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as the "below 6 GHz" band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes arise for FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" (mmWave) band in documents and articles, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) identified as the "mmWave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0042] In view of the above aspects, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used herein, it can broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that if used herein, the term "mmWave" or the like can broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band.

[0043] 5G NR devices, networks, and systems can be implemented using optimized OFDM-based waveform features. These features may include scalable parameter sets and transmit time intervals (TTIs); a common flexible framework that efficiently multiplexes services and features using dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD) designs or frequency division duplex (FDD) designs; and advanced wireless technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), robust mmWave transmission, advanced channel decoding, and device-centric mobility. The scalability of parameter sets in 5G NR and the scaling of subcarrier spacing can effectively address the operation of various services across different spectrums and different deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments of less than 3GHz FDD / TDD implementations, the subcarrier spacing may appear at 15kHz, such as over bandwidths of 1MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 20MHz, etc. For various other outdoor and small cell coverage deployments with TDD greater than 3GHz, the subcarrier spacing may appear at 30kHz over 80MHz / 100MHz bandwidth. For various other indoor broadband implementations, using TDD on the unlicensed portion of the 5GHz band, the subcarrier spacing may occur at 60kHz over a 160MHz bandwidth. Finally, for various deployments transmitting over mmWave components at 28GHz TDD, the subcarrier spacing may occur at 120kHz over a 500MHz bandwidth.

[0044] 5G NR's scalable parameter sets facilitate scalable TTIs for diverse latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTIs can be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTIs can be used for higher spectral efficiency. Efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs allows transmission to start on symbol boundaries. 5G NR also anticipates a self-contained integrated subframe design where uplink or downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgments are in the same subframe. The self-contained integrated subframe supports communications in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, and adaptive uplink or downlink can be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between uplink and downlink to meet current business needs.

[0045] For clarity, certain aspects of the devices and techniques may be described below with reference to example 5G NR implementations or in a 5G-centric manner, and 5G terminology may be used as illustrative examples in portions of the description below; however, the description is not intended to be limited to 5G applications.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be understood that in operation, a wireless communication network adapted according to the concepts herein can operate using any combination of licensed spectrum or unlicensed spectrum depending on load and availability. Therefore, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the systems, devices, and methods described herein can be applied to other communication systems and applications beyond the specific examples provided.

[0047] Although various aspects and specific implementations are described in this application by the illustration of some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional specific implementations and use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovation described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, specific implementation or use can be implemented via integrated chip specific implementation or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail equipment or purchasing equipment, medical equipment, AI-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not specifically point to use cases or applications, the applicability of various types of described innovations may occur. The scope of specific implementation can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level specific implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems containing one or more described aspects. In some practical environments, the equipment in combination with the various aspects and features described may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the various aspects claimed and described. It is intended that the innovations described herein may be implemented in a wide variety of embodiments of different sizes, shapes, and configurations, including both large and small devices, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g., radio frequency (RF) chains, communication interfaces, processors), distributed arrangements, end-user devices, and the like.

[0048] Figure 1 1 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system according to one or more aspects. The wireless communication system may include a wireless network 100. The wireless network 100 may, for example, include a 5G wireless network. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, Figure 1 Components appearing in are likely to have related corresponding components in other network arrangements (including, for example, cellular-style network arrangements and non-cellular-style network arrangements (e.g., device-to-device or peer-to-peer or ad hoc network arrangements, etc.)).

[0049] Figure 1The illustrated wireless network 100 includes many base stations 105 and other network entities. A base station may be a station that communicates with a UE, and may also be referred to as an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation eNB (gNB), an access point, etc. Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to a specific geographic coverage area of ​​a base station or a base station subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In the specific implementation of the wireless network 100 herein, the base station 105 may be associated with the same operator or different operators (e.g., the wireless network 100 may include multiple operator wireless networks). Additionally, in the specific implementation of the wireless network 100 herein, the base station 105 may provide wireless communication using one or more frequencies (e.g., one or more frequency bands in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination thereof) in the same frequency as an adjacent cell. In some examples, a separate base station 105 or UE 115 may be operated by more than one network operating entity. In other examples, each base station 105 and UE 115 may be operated by a single network operating entity.

[0050] A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell or a small cell (e.g., a pico cell or a femto cell) or other type of cell. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with a service subscription with a network provider. Small cells (such as pico cells) will generally cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with a service subscription with a network provider. Small cells (such as femto cells) will generally also cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.). A base station for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station, or a home base station. In Figure 1 In the example shown, base stations 105d and 105e are conventional macro base stations, while base stations 105a-105c are macro base stations implemented using one of 3-dimensional (3D), full-dimensional (FD) or massive MIMO. Base stations 105a-105c use their higher-dimensional MIMO capabilities to employ 3D beamforming in elevation and azimuth beamforming to increase coverage and capacity. Base station 105f is a small cell base station, which can be a home node or a portable access point. The base station can support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells.

[0051] Wireless network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, base stations may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. In some cases, the network may be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0052] UE 115 is dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. It should be understood that, although in the standards and specifications promulgated by 3GPP, mobile devices are generally referred to as UEs, such devices may be additionally or otherwise referred to as mobile stations (MS), subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals (AT), mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, mobile phones, terminals, user agents, mobile clients, clients, gaming devices, augmented reality devices, vehicle components, vehicle devices or vehicle modules or some other suitable terminology by those skilled in the art. In this document, a "mobile" device or UE does not necessarily have the ability to move and may be stationary. Some non-limiting examples of mobile devices (for example) may include one or more specific implementations of UE 115, including mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, laptops, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smart books, tablet computers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). The mobile device may additionally be an IoT or "Internet of Everything" (IoE) device, such as a car or other transportation vehicle, a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) device, a logistics controller, a drone, a multi-rotor helicopter, a quad-rotor helicopter, a smart energy or security device, a solar panel or solar array, city lighting, tap water or other infrastructure; industrial automation and enterprise equipment; consumer and wearable devices, such as glasses, wearable cameras, smart watches, health or fitness trackers, mammal implantable devices, gesture tracking devices, medical devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, etc.; and digital home or smart home devices, such as home audio, video and multimedia devices, appliances, sensors, vending machines, smart lighting, home security systems, smart meters, etc. In one aspect, a UE may be a device including a universal integrated circuit card (UICC). In another aspect, a UE may be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, a UE that does not include a UICC may also be referred to as an IoE device. Figure 1The UEs 115a-115d of the specific implementation illustrated in the figure are examples of mobile smart phone type devices accessing the wireless network 100. The UE may also be a machine specifically configured to implement connected communications, including machine type communications (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), and the like. Figure 1 The illustrated UEs 115e - 115k are examples of various machines that access the wireless network 100 and are configured for communication.

[0053] A mobile device, such as UE 115, may be able to communicate with any type of base station, whether macro, pico, femto, relay, etc. Figure 1 In the figure, the communication link (represented as a lightning ball) indicates the wireless transmission between the UE and the serving base station (which is a base station designated to serve the UE on the downlink or uplink) or the expected transmission between the base stations and the backhaul transmission between the base stations. The UE can operate as a base station or other network node in some scenarios. The backhaul communication between the base stations of the wireless network 100 can be carried out using wired or wireless communication links.

[0054] In operation, at the wireless network 100, base stations 105a-105c use 3D beamforming and collaborative spatial techniques (e.g., coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi-connectivity) to serve UEs 115a and 115b. Macro base station 105d performs backhaul communications with base stations 105a-105c and small cells (base station 105f). Macro base station 105d also transmits multicast services that are subscribed to and received by UEs 115c and 115d. Such multicast services may include mobile TV or streaming video, or may include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or gray alerts.

[0055] The wireless network 100 of the specific implementation supports mission-critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links for mission-critical devices such as UE 115e as drones. The redundant communication links with UE 115e include links from macro base stations 105d and 105e and small cell base station 105f. Other machine-type devices such as UE 115f (thermometer), UE 115g (smart meter) and UE 115h (wearable device) can communicate directly with base stations such as small cell base station 105f and macro base station 105e through the wireless network 100, or in a multi-hop configuration by communicating with another user device that relays its information to the network, such as UE 115f communicating temperature measurement information to smart meter UE 115g, which then reports it to the network through small cell base station 105f. The wireless network 100 may also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD communications or low-latency FDD communications, such as in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs 115i-115k communicating with a macro base station 105e.

[0056] Figure 2 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a base station 105 and a UE 115 according to one or more aspects. The base station 105 and the UE 115 may be Figure 1 For a restricted association scenario (as described above), base station 105 may be any one of the base stations in the UE and one of the UEs. Figure 1 The small cell base station 105f in the example of FIG. 105 and the UE 115 may be a UE 115c or 115d operating in the service area of ​​the base station 105f, which will be included in the list of accessible UEs of the small cell base station 105f in order to access the small cell base station 105f. The base station 105 may also be some other type of base station. Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the base station 105 may be equipped with antennas 234a through 234t and the UE 115 may be equipped with antennas 252a through 252r for facilitating wireless communication.

[0057] At the base station 105, the transmit processor 220 may receive data from the data source 212 and control information from the controller 240 (such as a processor). The control information may be for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical hybrid ARQ (automatic repeat request) indicator channel (PHICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH), an MTC physical downlink control channel (MPDCCH), etc. The data may be for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc. Additionally, the transmit processor 220 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and the control information, respectively, to obtain data symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols, such as for a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a cell-specific reference signal. The transmit (TX) MIMO processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols (where applicable), and may provide output symbol streams to modulators (MODs) 232a to 232t. For example, the spatial processing performed on the data symbols, control symbols, or reference symbols may include pre-coding. Each modulator 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Additionally or alternatively, each modulator 232 may process the output sample stream (e.g., analog-convert, amplify, filter, and up-convert it) to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from modulators 232a to 232t may be transmitted via antennas 234a to 234t, respectively.

[0058] At the UE 115, antennas 252a to 252r may receive downlink signals from the base station 105 and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a to 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 115 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information to a controller 280 (such as a processor).

[0059] On the uplink, at the UE 115, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 (e.g., for a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) and control information from a controller 280 (e.g., for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). Additionally, the transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by a TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 105. At the base station 105, the uplink signal from the UE 115 may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 232, detected by the MIMO detector 236, if applicable, and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 115. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller 240 .

[0060] The controllers 240 and 280 may direct the operation at the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The controller 240 or other processors and modules at the base station 105 or the controller 280 or other processors and modules at the UE 115 may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein, such as to perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein. Figures 7 to 8 2 and 3. The memory 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The scheduler 244 may schedule the UE to transmit data on the downlink or uplink.

[0061] In some cases, the UE 115 and the base station 105 may operate in a shared radio spectrum band, which may include licensed or unlicensed (e.g., contention-based) spectrum. In the unlicensed frequency portion of the shared radio spectrum band, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may traditionally perform a medium sensing procedure to compete for access to the spectrum. For example, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may perform a listen-before-talk or listen-before-send (LBT) procedure (such as a clear channel assessment (CCA)) before communicating to determine whether the shared channel is available. In some specific implementations, the CCA may include an energy detection procedure to determine whether there are any other active transmissions. For example, the device may infer that a change in the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the power meter indicates that the channel is occupied. Specifically, the signal power concentrated in a certain bandwidth and exceeding a predetermined noise floor may indicate another wireless transmitter. CCA may also include detection of a specific sequence indicating the use of the channel. For example, another device may send a specific preamble before sending a data sequence. In some cases, the LBT procedure may include the wireless node adjusting its own backoff window based on the amount of energy detected on the channel or acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) feedback for its own transmitted packets (as a manifestation of a collision).

[0062] Although reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 Aspects of communication between base station 105 and UE 115 are described, but the disclosed techniques and components may be equally used for communication between UEs, such as UE 105a and UE 105b. Such communication may be performed over a connection known as a sidelink.

[0063] The wireless sidelink (or just referred to as "sidelink") may be an adaptation of the core cellular network (e.g., LTE, NR) standard that allows direct communication between two or more UEs without communicating through a base station. Sidelink communications may be unicast or multicast and may be used for applications such as device-to-device (D2D) media sharing, V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communications, V2X communications (e.g., cellular V2X (cV2X) communications, enhanced V2X (eV2X) communications, etc.), emergency rescue applications, etc. One or more UEs in a group of UEs 115 using sidelink communications may be within the geographic coverage area of ​​the base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area of ​​the base station 105 or unable to receive transmissions from the base station 105 for other reasons. In some cases, multiple groups of UEs 115 communicating via sidelink communications may use a one-to-many (1:M) system, in which each UE 115 transmits to each other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, the base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for the sidelink communication. In other cases, the sidelink communication is performed between the UEs 115 without involving the base station 105.

[0064] Vehicles communicating on the network may be referred to as vehicle UEs or V-UEs. Communication between V-UEs is referred to as V2V communication, communication between V-UEs and roadside access points is referred to as V2I communication, and communication between V-UEs and UE 115 (where these UE 115 are P-UEs) is referred to as V2P communication. V2V communication between V-UEs may include, for example, information about the location, speed, acceleration, direction, and other vehicle data of these V-UEs. V2I information received at the V-UE from one or more roadside access points may include, for example, road rules, parking automation information, etc. V2P communication between V-UEs and UE 104 may include information about, for example, the location, speed, acceleration, and direction of the V-UEs and the location, speed (for example, in the case where the UE is carried by a user riding a bicycle) and direction of the UEs.

[0065] The sidelink may operate on a wireless communication medium of interest, which may be shared with other vehicles and / or infrastructure access points and other wireless communications between other RATs. A "medium" may include one or more time, frequency, and / or spatial communication resources (e.g., covering one or more channels across one or more carriers) associated with wireless communications between one or more transmitter / receiver pairs.

[0066] In one aspect, the sidelink may be a cV2X link. The first generation of cV2X has been standardized in LTE, and the next generation is expected to be defined in NR. cV2X is a cellular technology that also enables device-to-device communications. In the United States and Europe, cV2X is expected to operate in the licensed ITS band below 6 GHz. Other frequency bands may be allocated in other countries. Thus, as a specific example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelink may correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band below 6 GHz. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this frequency band or cellular technology.

[0067] In one aspect, the side link may be a dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) link. DSRC is a unidirectional or bidirectional short-range to medium-range wireless communication protocol that uses the Wireless Access to Vehicular Environment (WAVE) protocol (also known as IEEE 802.11p) for V2V, V2I, and V2P communications. IEEE 802.11p is an approved modification to the IEEE 802.11 standard and operates in the licensed ITS band of 5.9 GHz (5.85 GHz-5.925 GHz) in the United States. In Europe, IEEE 802.11p operates in the ITS GSA band (5.875 GHz-5.905 MHz). Other bands may be allocated in other countries. The V2V communications briefly described above occur on a safety channel, which is typically a 10 MHz channel dedicated to safety purposes in the United States. The remainder of the DSRC band (total bandwidth is 75 MHz) is intended for other services of interest to drivers, such as road rules, toll collection, parking automation, and the like. Thus, as a specific example, the medium of interest utilized by the sidelink may correspond to at least a portion of the licensed ITS band at 5.9 GHz.

[0068] Alternatively, the medium of interest may correspond to at least a portion of an unlicensed frequency band shared among various RATs. Although different licensed frequency bands have been reserved for certain communication systems (e.g., by government entities such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States), these systems (particularly those employing small cell access points) have recently expanded operations into unlicensed frequency bands such as the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-MI) band used by wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies (most notably the IEEE 802.11x WLAN technology commonly referred to as "Wi-Fi"). Example systems of this type include different variations of CDMA systems, TDMA systems, FDMA systems, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) systems, single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) systems, and the like.

[0069] Figure 3AAn example wireless network structure 300 is illustrated. For example, 5GC 310 (also referred to as Next Generation Core (NGC)) can be functionally viewed as control plane functions (C-plane) 314 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and user plane functions (U-plane) 312 (e.g., UE gateway functions, access to data networks, IP routing, etc.), which operate in coordination to form a core network. User plane interface (NG-U) 313 and control plane interface (NG-C) 315 connect gNB 322 to 5GC 310, and specifically to user plane functions 312 and control plane functions 314, respectively. In additional configurations, ng-eNB 324 can also be connected to 5GC 310 via NG-C 315 to control plane functions 314 and NG-U 313 to user plane functions 312. In addition, ng-eNB 324 can communicate directly with gNB 322 via backhaul connection 323. In some configurations, the next generation RAN (NG-RAN) 320 may have only one or more gNBs 322, while other configurations include one or more ng-eNBs 324 and one or more gNBs 322. The gNB 322 or the ng-eNB 324 (or both) may communicate with a UE 304 (e.g., any UE described herein). In one aspect, two or more UEs 304 may communicate with each other over a wireless side link 342, which may correspond to any of the wireless side links described herein.

[0070] Another optional aspect may include a location server 330 that may be in communication with the 5GC 310 to provide location assistance to the UE 304. The location server 330 may be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively each may correspond to a single server. The location server 330 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 304 that may be connected to the location server 330 via the core network, the 5GC 310, and / or via the Internet (not illustrated). In addition, the location server 330 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively may be external to the core network.

[0071] Figure 3BAnother example wireless network structure 350 is illustrated. For example, the 5GC 360 can be functionally viewed as a control plane function (provided by the access and mobility management function (AMF) 364) and a user plane function (provided by the user plane function (UPF) 362), which operate in coordination to form a core network (i.e., the 5GC 360). The user plane interface 363 and the control plane interface 365 connect the ng-eNB 324 to the 5GC 360, and specifically to the UPF 362 and the AMF 364, respectively. In an additional configuration, the gNB 322 may also be connected to the 5GC 360 via a control plane interface 365 to the AMF 364 and a user plane interface 363 to the UPF 362. In addition, the ng-eNB 324 may communicate directly with the gNB 322 via a backhaul connection 323 with or without gNB direct connectivity to the 5GC 360. In some configurations, the NG-RAN 320 may have only one or more gNBs 322, while other configurations include one or more ng-eNBs 324 and one or more gNBs 322. The base stations of the NG-RAN 320 communicate with the AMF 364 via the N2 interface and with the UPF 362 via the N3 interface. The gNB 322 or the ng-eNB 324 (or both) may communicate with the UE 304 (e.g., any UE described herein). In one aspect, two or more UEs 304 may communicate with each other on a side link 342, which may correspond to any of the wireless side links described herein.

[0072] The functions of AMF 364 include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, transmission of session management (SM) messages between UE 304 and session management function (SMF) 366, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and access authorization, transmission of short message service (SMS) messages between UE 304 and short message service function (SMSF) (not shown), and security anchor functionality (SEAF). AMF 364 also interacts with authentication server function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 304, and receives intermediate keys established as a result of the UE 304 authentication process. In the case of authentication based on UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), AMF 364 retrieves security materials from AUSF. The functions of AMF 364 also include security context management (SCM). SCM receives keys from SEAF, which it uses to derive access network specific keys. The functionality of AMF 364 also includes location service management for regulatory services, transmission of location service messages between UE 304 and Location Management Function (LMF) 370 (which acts as location server 330), transmission of location service messages between NG-RAN 320 and LMF 370, allocation of Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer identifiers for interoperation with EPS, and notification of mobility events for UE 304. In addition, AMF 364 also supports functionality for non-3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) access networks.

[0073] The functions of the UPF 362 include: acting as an anchor point for intra-RAT / inter-RAT mobility (when applicable), acting as an external protocol data unit (PDU) session point for interconnection to a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g., uplink / downlink rate enforcement, reflective QoS marking in the downlink), uplink traffic verification (service data flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping), transport level packet marking in uplink and downlink, downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering, and transmitting and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node. The UPF 362 may also support the delivery of location service messages on the user plane between the UE 304 and a location server (such as a secure user plane location (SUPL) location platform (SLP) 372).

[0074] The functions of SMF 366 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, traffic steering configuration for routing traffic to the correct destination at UPF 362, partial control of policy enforcement and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface through which SMF 366 communicates with AMF 364 is called the N11 interface.

[0075] Another optional aspect may include an LMF 370 that can communicate with the 5GC 360 to provide location assistance for the UE 304. The LMF 370 can be implemented as multiple separate servers (e.g., physically separate servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively can each correspond to a single server. The LMF 370 can be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 304, which can be connected to the LMF 370 via the core network, the 5GC 360, and / or via the Internet (not illustrated). The SLP 372 can support similar functionality to the LMF 370, but the LMF 370 can communicate with the AMF 364, the NG-RAN 320, and the UE 304 on the control plane (e.g., using interfaces and protocols intended to convey signaling messages rather than voice or data), and the SLP 372 can communicate with the UE 304 and external clients ( Figure 3B ) communications (e.g., using protocols intended to carry voice and / or data, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and / or IP).

[0076] Figure 4 An example of a wireless communication system 400 that supports wireless unicast sidelink establishment according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 400 can implement aspects of the wireless communication systems 100, 300, and 350. The wireless communication system 400 may include a first UE 402 and a second UE 404, which may be examples of any UE described herein. As a specific example, UEs 402 and 404 may correspond to V-UE, Figure 1 UE 115 connected via a D2D P2P link, or Figure 3A and Figure 3B UE 304 in.

[0077] exist Figure 4 In the example of , UE 402 may attempt to establish a unicast connection with UE 404 via a side link, which may be a V2X side link between UE 402 and UE 404. As a specific example, the established side link connection may correspond to Figure 3A and Figure 3B342 in the side link. The side link connection can be established in an omni frequency range (e.g., FR1) and / or a mmW frequency range (e.g., FR2). In some cases, UE 402 can be referred to as an initiator UE that initiates a side link connection procedure, and UE 404 can be referred to as a target UE that is the target of the side link connection procedure performed by the initiator UE.

[0078] In order to establish the unicast connection, access stratum (AS) (a functional layer in the UMTS and LTE protocol stacks between the RAN and the UE, which is responsible for transmitting data over a wireless link and managing radio resources, and is part of layer 2) parameters may be configured and negotiated between the UE 402 and the UE 404. For example, a transmit and receive capability match may be negotiated between the UE 402 and the UE 404. Each UE may have different capabilities (e.g., transmit and receive capabilities, 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), transmit diversity, carrier aggregation (CA) capabilities, supported communication bands, etc.). In some cases, different services may be supported at the upper layers of the corresponding protocol stacks of the UE 402 and the UE 404. Additionally, a security association for a unicast connection may be established between the UE 402 and the UE 404. Unicast services may benefit from link-level security protection (e.g., integrity protection). Security requirements may be different for different wireless communication systems. For example, a V2X system and a Uu system may have different security requirements (e.g., the Uu system does not include confidentiality protection). Additionally, IP configuration (eg, IP version, address, etc.) for the unicast connection may be negotiated between UE 402 and UE 404 .

[0079] In some cases, UE 404 may create a service announcement (e.g., a service capability message) that is sent over a cellular network (e.g., cV2X) to assist in establishing a sidelink connection. Conventionally, UE 402 may identify and locate candidates for sidelink communication based on an unencrypted basic service message (BSM) broadcast by a nearby UE (e.g., UE 404). The BSM may include location information, security and identity information, and vehicle information (e.g., speed, handling, size, etc.) about the corresponding UE. However, for different wireless communication systems (e.g., D2D or V2X communication), a discovery channel may not be configured so that UE 402 can detect the BSM. Therefore, the service announcement (e.g., discovery signal) sent by UE 404 and other nearby UEs may be an upper layer signal and is broadcast (e.g., in an NR sidelink broadcast). In some cases, UE 404 may include one or more parameters for itself in the service announcement, including connection parameters and / or capabilities it possesses. UE 402 may then monitor and receive the broadcasted service announcement to identify potential UEs for corresponding sidelink connections. In some cases, UE 402 may identify potential UEs based on the capabilities indicated by each UE in its corresponding service announcement.

[0080] The service announcement may include a method for assisting UE 402 (eg, or any initiator UE) to identify the UE ( Figure 4 4 (in the example of UE 404). For example, the service announcement may include channel information where the direct communication request may be transmitted. In some cases, the channel information may be RAT-specific (e.g., specific to LTE or NR) and may include a resource pool within which the UE 402 sends the communication request. Additionally, in the case where the destination address is different from the current address (e.g., the address of the streaming provider or UE that sends the service announcement), the service announcement may include a specific destination address of the UE (e.g., a layer 2 destination address). The service announcement may also include a network layer or transport layer for the UE 402 to send the communication request on. For example, the network layer (also known as "layer 3" or "L3") or the transport layer (also known as "layer 4" or "L4") may indicate the port number of the application for the UE to send the service announcement. In some cases, IP addressing may not be required when the signaling (e.g., PC5 signaling) directly carries a protocol (e.g., real-time transport protocol (RTP)) or gives a locally generated random protocol. Additionally, the service announcement may include the protocol type used for credential establishment and QoS-related parameters.

[0081] After identifying potential sidelink connection targets ( Figure 4 404 in the example), then the initiating UE ( Figure 4404) may send a connection request 415 to the identified target UE 404. In some cases, the connection request 415 may be a first RRC message (e.g., an "RRCDirectConnectionSetupRequest" message) sent by the UE 402 to request a unicast connection with the UE 404. For example, the unicast connection may utilize a PC5 interface for a sidelink, and the connection request 415 may be an RRC connection establishment request message. Additionally, the UE 402 may use a sidelink signaling radio bearer 405 to transmit the connection request 415.

[0082] After receiving the connection request 415, the UE 404 may determine whether to accept or reject the connection request 415. The UE 404 may base the determination on the transmit / receive capabilities, the ability to accommodate the unicast connection made through the sidelink, the specific service indicated for the unicast connection, the content to be sent through the unicast connection, or a combination thereof. For example, in the case where the UE 402 wants to use the first RAT to send or receive data, but the UE 404 does not support the first RAT, the UE 404 may reject the connection request 415. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 404 may reject the connection request 415 based on the inability to accommodate the unicast connection made through the sidelink due to limited radio resources, scheduling issues, etc. Therefore, the UE 404 may send an indication of whether to accept or reject the request in a connection response 420. Similar to the UE 402 and the connection request 415, the UE 404 may use the sidelink signaling radio bearer 410 to transmit the connection response 420. Additionally, the connection response 420 may be a second RRC message (eg, a “RRCDirectConnectionResponse” message) sent by the UE 404 in response to the connection request 415 .

[0083] In some cases, the sidelink signaling radio bearers 405 and 410 may be the same sidelink signaling radio bearer, or may be separate sidelink signaling radio bearers. Therefore, a radio link control (RLC) layer acknowledgement mode (AM) may be used for the sidelink signaling radio bearers 405 and 410. UEs supporting unicast connections may listen on logical channels associated with these sidelink signaling radio bearers. In some cases, the AS layer (i.e., Layer 2) may pass information directly through RRC signaling (e.g., control plane) rather than the V2X layer (e.g., data plane).

[0084] In the event that the connection response 420 indicates that the UE 304 accepted the connection request 415, the UE 402 may then send a connection setup 425 message on the sidelink signaling radio bearer 405 to indicate that the unicast connection setup is complete. In some cases, the connection setup 425 may be a third RRC message (e.g., an "RRCDirectConnectionSetupComplete" message). Each of the connection request 415, the connection response 420, and the connection setup 425 may use basic capabilities when transmitted from one UE to another UE to enable each UE to receive and decode the corresponding transmission (e.g., RRC message).

[0085] Additionally, identifiers may be used for each of the connection request 415, the connection response 420, and the connection establishment 425. For example, these identifiers may indicate which UE 402 / 404 is sending which message, and / or which UE 402 / 404 the message is intended for. For physical (PHY) layer channels, the RRC signaling and any subsequent data transmission may use the same identifier (e.g., layer 2 ID). However, for logical channels, these identifiers may be separate for RRC signaling and data transmission. For example, on logical channels, RRC signaling and data transmission may be handled differently and have different acknowledgement (ACK) feedback messaging. In some cases, for RRC messaging, a physical layer ACK may be used to ensure that the corresponding message is correctly sent and received.

[0086] One or more information elements may be included in the connection request 415 and / or the connection response 420 for UE 402 and / or UE 404, respectively, to enable negotiation of corresponding AS layer parameters for the unicast connection. For example, UE 402 and / or UE404 may include a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) parameter in the corresponding unicast connection establishment message to set the PDCP context for the unicast connection. In some cases, the PDCP context may indicate whether PDCP duplication is used for the unicast connection. Additionally, UE 402 and / or UE 404 may include an RLC parameter when establishing the unicast connection to set the RLC context for the unicast connection. For example, the RLC context may indicate whether the RLC layer for unicast communication uses AM (e.g., uses a reordering timer (t-reordering)) or uses an unacknowledged mode (UM).

[0087] Additionally, UE 402 and / or UE 404 may include medium access control (MAC) parameters to set the MAC context for the unicast connection. In some cases, the MAC context may enable a resource selection algorithm for the unicast connection, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback scheme (e.g., ACK or negative ACK (HACK) feedback), parameters of the HARQ feedback scheme, carrier aggregation, or a combination thereof. Additionally, UE 402 and / or UE 404 may include PHY layer parameters to set the PHY layer context for the unicast connection when establishing the unicast connection. For example, the PHY layer context may indicate a transmission format (unless a transmission profile is included for each UE 402 / 404) and a radio resource configuration (e.g., bandwidth part (BWP), parameter set, etc.) for the unicast connection. These information elements may be supported for different frequency range configurations (e.g., FR1 and FR2).

[0088] In some cases, a security context may also be set for the unicast connection (e.g., after sending the connection establishment 425 message). Before a security association (e.g., a security context) is established between UE 302 and UE 304, the sidelink signaling radio bearers 405 and 410 may not be protected. After the security association is established, the sidelink signaling radio bearers 405 and 410 may be protected. Therefore, the security context may enable secure data transmission through the unicast connection and the sidelink signaling radio bearers 405 and 410. Additionally, IP layer parameters (e.g., local link IPv4 or IPv6 addresses) may also be negotiated. In some cases, the IP layer parameters may be negotiated by an upper layer control protocol that runs after establishing RRC signaling (e.g., establishing a unicast connection). As described above, UE 404 may base its decision on whether to accept or reject the connection request 415 on the specific service indicated for the unicast connection and / or the content (e.g., upper layer information) to be sent through the unicast connection. The specific service and / or content may also be indicated by an upper layer control protocol running after the RRC signaling is established.

[0089] After establishing the unicast connection, UE 402 and UE 404 may communicate using the unicast connection via side link 430, wherein side link data 435 is sent between the two UEs 402 and 404. Side link 430 may correspond to Figure 3A and Figure 3B404. In some cases, the side link data 435 may include RRC messages sent between the two UEs 402 and 404. In order to maintain the unicast connection on the side link 430, UE 402 and / or UE 404 may send a keep-alive message (e.g., an "RRCDirectLinkAlive" message, a fourth RRC message, etc.). In some cases, the keep-alive message may be triggered periodically or on demand (e.g., event-triggered). Therefore, the triggering and sending of the keep-alive message may be called by UE 402 or by both UE 402 and UE 404. Additionally or alternatively, a MAC control element (CE) (e.g., defined on the side link 430) may be used to monitor the state of the unicast connection on the side link 430 and to maintain the connection. When the unicast connection is no longer needed (e.g., UE 402 travels far enough away from UE 404), UE 402 and / or UE 404 may start a release procedure to discard the unicast connection on the side link 430. Therefore, subsequent RRC messages may not be sent between UE 402 and UE 404 over the unicast connection.

[0090] Communications on the sidelink may use a similar frame structure and parameter set as used in LTE and NR. Figure 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a frame structure for use on a sidelink, such as for transmitting S-SSB, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0091] In LTE and NR, the system bandwidth is divided into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are also often referred to as tones, frequency bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Generally speaking, modulation symbols are transmitted in the frequency domain using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and in the time domain using single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM). The spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) can depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the spacing of the subcarriers can be 15kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (resource block) can be 12 subcarriers (or 180kHz). Therefore, for a system bandwidth of 1.25 megahertz (MHz), 2.5MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, or 20MHz, the nominal fast Fourier transform (FFT) size can be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048, respectively. The system bandwidth can also be divided into multiple subbands. For example, a subband may cover 1.08 MHz (ie, 6 resource blocks), and there may be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands for system bandwidths of 1.25 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, or 20 MHz, respectively.

[0092] LTE supports a single parameter set (subcarrier spacing (SCS), symbol length, etc.). In contrast, NR may support multiple parameter sets (μ), for example, 15kHz (μ=0), 30kHz (μ=1), 60kHz (μ=2), 120kHz (μ=3), and 240kHz (μ=4) or larger subcarrier spacings may be available. In each subcarrier spacing, there are 14 symbols per slot. For 15kHz SCS (μ=0), there is one slot per subframe, 10 slots per frame, the slot duration is 1 millisecond (ms), the symbol duration is 66.7 microseconds (μs), and the maximum nominal system bandwidth (in MHz) with a 4K FFT size is 50. For 30kHz SCS (μ=1), there are two slots per subframe, 20 slots per frame, the slot duration is 0.5ms, the symbol duration is 33.3μs, and the maximum nominal system bandwidth (in MHz) with a 4K FFT size is 100. For 60kHz SCS (μ=2), there are four slots per subframe, 40 slots per frame, the slot duration is 0.25ms, the symbol duration is 16.7μs, and the maximum nominal system bandwidth (in MHz) with a 4K FFT size is 200. For 120kHz SCS (μ=3), there are eight slots per subframe, 80 slots per frame, the slot duration is 0.125ms, the symbol duration is 8.33μs, and the maximum nominal system bandwidth (in MHz) with a 4K FFT size is 400. For 240kHz SCS (μ=4), there are 16 slots per subframe, 160 slots per frame, the slot duration is 0.0625ms, the symbol duration is 4.17μs, and the maximum nominal system bandwidth (in MHz) with a 4K FFT size is 800.

[0093] exist Figure 5 In the example of , a parameter set of 15 kHz is used. Therefore, in the time domain, a 10 ms frame is divided into 10 equally sized subframes, each subframe is 1 ms, and each subframe includes one time slot. Figure 5 , time is represented horizontally (on the X-axis), where time increases from left to right, while frequency is represented vertically (on the Y-axis), where frequency increases (or decreases) from bottom to top.

[0094] A resource grid may be used to represent a time slot, each of which includes one or more time-concurrent resource blocks (RBs) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs)) in the frequency domain. The resource grid is further divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs). An RE may correspond to one symbol length in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. Figure 5In the parameter set of , for a normal cyclic prefix, an RB may contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and seven consecutive symbols in the time domain, for a total of 84 REs. For an extended cyclic prefix, an RB may contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and six consecutive symbols in the time domain, for a total of 72 REs. The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0095] Various sidelink physical channels may be sent on resource elements of a time slot of a radio frame. A sidelink physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements that carry information originating from a higher layer. The following sidelink physical channels are defined for the NR sidelink: Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH). Examples of these channels are described in 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.211.

[0096] like Figure 5 As illustrated, some of the resource elements carry physical RF signals. The sidelink physical signals correspond to the set of resource elements used by the physical layer and do not carry information originating from higher layers. The following sidelink physical signals are defined for the NR sidelink: Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS), Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal (S-PSS) and Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal (S-SSS), with example locations of these signals at Figure 5 These signals are described in 3GPP TS 38.211. In addition, the UE may send a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), a Tracking Reference Signal (TRS), etc. for positioning purposes.

[0097] A set of resource elements (REs) used for transmission of a PRS is referred to as a "PRS resource". A set of resource elements may span multiple PRBs in the frequency domain and "N" (such as 1 or more) consecutive symbols within a slot in the time domain. In a given OFDM symbol in the time domain, a PRS resource occupies consecutive PRBs in the frequency domain.

[0098] It should be noted that the terms "positioning reference signal" and "PRS" generally refer to specific reference signals used for positioning in NR and LTE systems. However, as used herein, the terms "positioning reference signal" and "PRS" refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as but not limited to PRS as defined in LTE and NR, tracking reference signal (TRS), phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS), cell-specific reference signal (CRS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signal (DMRS), primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), synchronization signal block (SSB), sounding reference signal (SRS), uplink positioning reference signal (UL-PRS), etc. In addition, unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms "positioning reference signal" and "PRS" may refer to a downlink positioning reference signal, an uplink positioning reference signal, or a sidelink positioning reference signal. Where it is necessary to further distinguish the types of PRS, the downlink positioning reference signal may be referred to as "DL-PRS", the uplink positioning reference signal (e.g., SRS used for positioning, i.e., PT-RS) may be referred to as "UL-PRS", and the sidelink positioning reference signal may be referred to as "SL-PRS". In addition, for signals that may be sent in uplink, downlink, and sidelink directions (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, etc.), these signals may be prepended with "UL", "DL", or "SL", respectively, to distinguish the directions. For example, "UL-DMRS" may be distinguished from "SL-DMRS".

[0099] Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication system 600 that supports transmission of power control configuration information in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0100] In some examples, wireless communication system 600 can implement aspects of wireless network 100 and / or aspects of other wireless communication systems described herein. Wireless communication system 600 includes UEs 115a and 115b. Wireless communication system 300 can generally include multiple UEs 115 and can include one or more base stations 105.

[0101] UE 115 may include various components (such as structures, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 602 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "processor 602"), one or more memory devices 604 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "memory 604"), one or more transmitters 616 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "transmitters 616"), and one or more receivers 618 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "receivers 618"). Processor 602 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 604 to perform the operations described herein. In some specific implementations, processor 602 includes or corresponds to one or more of receiving processor 258, transmitting processor 264, and controller 280, and memory 604 includes or corresponds to memory 282.

[0102] The memory 604 includes or is configured to store information (including, for example, power parameters) as part of the power configuration. Some parts of the power configuration may be sidelink positioning reference signal (SL PRS) power parameters, including specific SL transmit power, DL / UL path loss values, transmit power strategies (e.g., specifying P max One or more of a policy, a policy based on DL path loss, a policy based on SL path loss, or a policy based on DL and SL path loss). For example, parameters and other power information may be specified based on each cluster ID and / or each area ID. The power information may also or alternatively specify a default power behavior. The default power behavior may be used in the event of a reference signal (RS) reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement failure so that a UE operating according to the power information has a default transmit power that should be used by the UE. The default power behavior may indicate to the UE to use maximum power, not transmit, or use a previously estimated power level.

[0103] The transmitter 616 is configured to send reference signals, control information, and data to one or more other devices, and the receiver 618 is configured to receive reference signals, synchronization signals, control information, and data from one or more other devices. For example, the transmitter 616 may send signaling, control information, and data to the base station 105, and the receiver 618 may receive signaling, control information, and data from the base station. For another example, the transmitter 616 may send power information, reference signals, synchronization signals, control information, and data to another UE in a side link. In some specific implementations, the transmitter 616 and the receiver 618 may be integrated into one or more transceivers. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 616 or the receiver 618 may include or correspond to a reference signal. Figure 2 One or more components of UE 115 are described.

[0104] UE 115b may include various components (such as structures, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein, such as in a configuration similar to that shown for UE 115a. For example, these components may include one or more processors 652 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "processor 652"), one or more memory devices 654 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "memory 654"), one or more transmitters 656 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "transmitters 656"), and one or more receivers 658 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "receivers 658"). Processor 652 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 654 to perform the operations described herein. In some specific implementations, processor 652 includes or corresponds to one or more of receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and controller 240, and memory 354 includes or corresponds to memory 242. Memory 354 includes or is configured to store power information, such as power parameters received from UE 115a.

[0105] In some implementations, the wireless communication system 600 implements a 5G NR network. For example, the wireless communication system 600 may include multiple 5G-capable UEs 115, such as UEs configured to operate according to 5G NR network protocols (such as defined by 3GPP).

[0106] During the operation of the wireless communication system 600, the first UE 115a may have information that will be beneficial to the reception of the second UE 115b. For example, nearby UEs may benefit from shared information to assist in performing power control for communication operations on the side link. In an example embodiment, power control configuration information may be shared from the in-coverage UE (the first UE 115a) to the out-coverage link UE (the second UE 115b) to assist UE 115b in adjusting the power control parameters for operating on the side link. The UEs may share path loss measurements (e.g., from their own cells) and use the shared path loss measurements, combined with their own measurements, to determine the transmit power for the side link. The UEs may share power control parameters through the side link. The UEs may coordinate in groups to share information. The first UE 115a may relay information of another UE (e.g., the third UE 115c) including power control parameters and / or other power information to the second UE 115b. The confidence level of the shared information may be determined by the receiving UE based on one or more of the RSRP of the path loss, distance and / or side link. In some embodiments, the second UE 115b may use shared information from UEs with path loss below a threshold. In some embodiments, the sharing of information may be based on requests from other UEs and / or gNBs.

[0107] As described with reference to FIG. 3 , the present disclosure provides a technique for sharing power configurations (such as transmit power levels for reference signals) to control transmissions on a side link. An example use of the side link is for positioning of UEs. In SL positioning, a SL UE transmits a SL PRS, which is received by other SL UEs. The SL PRS can be used to determine the location of one or more UEs in a wireless network. Determining an appropriate SL PRS transmit power level can improve the positioning process (in terms of reducing the time used to locate the location and in terms of increasing the accuracy of the location) in addition to saving SL UE power, and reduce potential interference caused by SL PRS transmissions at excessively high power levels. A SL UE that transmits a SL PRS can determine an appropriate SL PRS transmit power level in a faster and / or more accurate manner by receiving a SL PRS power configuration from a nearby UE and basing its own SL PRS transmit power level on the received SL PRS power configuration. Therefore, sharing of power information for the SL and controlling transmissions on the SL according to various aspects of the present disclosure can improve SL positioning and otherwise improve operations on the SL. Furthermore, many nearby UEs may benefit from receiving the same power configuration, and the power configuration may be shared to a particular UE or may be broadcast or multicast to multiple UEs, where the receiving UE may be determined based on a particular location area or other grouping.

[0108] See again Figure 6 , the first UE 115a may have a power configuration 683 stored in the memory 604, wherein the power configuration 683 may have been refined by the first UE 115a over a period of time. The UE 115a may share the power configuration 683 on the side link 610 to the second UE 115b. For example, the first UE 115a may send the power configuration to the second UE 115b in a message 680. The message 680 may include power information, for example, as an indicator of the power configuration. The indicator may include a representation of the actual information in at least a portion of the power configuration 683.

[0109] The first UE 115a may send the message 680 based on one or more criteria. For example, the first UE 115a may have a timer that executes to determine a schedule for sending the message 680. For another example, the first UE 115a may send the message 680 upon detecting the presence of the second UE 115b. In yet another example, the first UE 115a may send the message 680 in response to a request message 670 sent by the second UE 115b requesting power configuration information.

[0110] The second UE 115b may receive the message 680 and store the power configuration information in the memory 654 as a power configuration 682. The second UE 115b may use the power configuration 682 to determine parameters for transmitting and / or receiving using the transmitter 656 and the receiver 658. For example, the second UE 115b may use the power configuration information 682 to determine a SL PRS transmit power level for controlling the transmitter 656. The UE 115b may further refine the power configuration 682 based on additional information and / or measurements of the UE 115b.

[0111] References Figure 7 and Figure 8 The operation of the first UE 115a and the second UE 115b is described in more detail.

[0112] Figure 7 is a flow chart illustrating an example process for supporting transmission of power control configuration information on a sidelink in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0113] The operations of method 700 may be performed by a UE (such as the one described above with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 UE 115a described or referenced Figure 3A and Figure 3B For example, the example operations (also referred to as "boxes") of process 700 may enable UE 115 to support sharing of power configuration information via a side link.

[0114] In block 702, a first UE, i.e., a UE sharing its power configuration information, may retrieve first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions. The retrieved power information may include a p0 parameter, an α parameter, SL transmit power, DL / UL path loss values, a transmit power strategy (e.g., specifying a P max strategy based on DL path loss, strategy based on SL path loss, or strategy based on DL and SL path loss).

[0115] In block 704, the first UE may send at least one indicator to the second UE based on the first information. The sending may be performed on a SL, such as FIG. 3A to FIG. 3BSL 342. For example, the first UE may share the SL PRS power parameter with the second UE. The transmission may include an indicator for the SL PRS power parameter, i.e., a specific SL transmit power, a DL / UL path loss value, and / or a transmit power strategy to be used (e.g., a first strategy transmitted at Pmax, a second strategy based on DL path loss, a third strategy based on SL path loss, and / or a fourth strategy based on DL SL path loss) (e.g., one of several integer values ​​indicating one of several possible values ​​for the parameter, an encoded version of the parameter value, or the parameter value itself). The first information may also or alternatively include a default power behavior, such as an indication of the transmit power used by the second UE when the reference RS RSRP measurement fails. For example, the indication may indicate one of transmitting at maximum power, not transmitting, or using a previously estimated power.

[0116] The transmitting of block 704 may include one or more UEs broadcasting or multicasting the sidelink power information (including the sidelink configuration) when the one or more first UEs transmit to the second UE.

[0117] In some implementations, the method 700 is UE-initiated. A new UE, such as a second UE, requests a power parameter for the side link from another UE, such as a first UE, when the side link is initialized for the first time on the wireless communication system or when the side link is initialized for the first time. In response to the request, the first UE may perform the method 700. In a UE-initiated communication session, the first UE may be a cluster leader or a cluster initiator (e.g., an initiator anchor).

[0118] In some implementations, method 700 is performed as unsolicited power parameter sharing.For example, the first UE may perform blocks 702 and 704 to send power information when the second UE announces its presence.

[0119] In some implementations, the first UE may perform method 700 only for transmitting to a second UE in the same cluster or only for transmitting to a second UE in the same cluster and in the same region. In these implementations, the first UE may determine whether the second UE is in the same cluster and whether the second UE is in the same region before block 702.

[0120] In some implementations, the first UE may be a road side unit (RSU) type UE, wherein the first UE includes SL power parameters or other configuration information in the transmitted beacon, such as configuration information that the UE is expecting from a newly added UE. In some embodiments, the beacon may be transmitted in a periodically repeated configuration, such as in a system information block (SIB) or a UE-specific transmission. In a wireless system where the RSU only transmits a side link synchronization signal block (S-SSB) and does not periodically transmit SIBs, the SL power parameters or other configuration information may be included in a UE-specific or group-specific message.

[0121] Figure 8 is a flow chart illustrating an example process for supporting receiving power control configuration information for configuring a UE on a sidelink in accordance with one or more aspects.

[0122] The operations of process 800 may be performed by a UE (such as the one described above with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 UE 115 described or referenced Figure 3A and Figure 3B For example, the example operations (also referred to as "boxes") of process 800 may enable UE 115 to support sharing of power configuration information via a side link.

[0123] In block 802, the second UE receives first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions from the first UE. The information received at block 802 may correspond to any of the information described regarding the transmission of the first information at block 702. The received information may be received in a broadcast or multicast message.

[0124] In block 804, the second UE may transmit on the sidelink transmission based on the first information regarding power control for the sidelink transmission received at block 802. For example, the UE may transmit a SL PRS signal on the SL based on the first information. In some embodiments, the transmission may be based on the first information by refining the initial power control parameters received at block 802 and transmitting with the refined power control parameters. The SL PRS signal may be used by the second UE, the first UE, or other wireless devices within range of the second UE as part of a positioning operation.

[0125] In some implementations, the second UE may send the first information to additional UEs (such as a third UE) to share power control information with more UEs.

[0126] In some implementations, prior to reception of block 802 , the second UE may implicitly request power control information by announcing its presence and / or explicitly request power control information by sending a request for power control information, which causes the first UE to send at block 704 .

[0127] exist Fig. 9 An example positioning operation using the sidelink information described above is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 2 is a diagram illustrating an example communication system for sidelink communication of power control parameters for sidelink positioning reference signal (SL-PRS) transmissions according to one or more aspects. An initiator anchor 902 (e.g., a UE initializing positioning determination) may include power control parameters for sharing with other UEs in an initialization message. Responding anchors 904a-904c may include power control parameters for SL-PRS transmissions in messages they transmit.

[0128] With respect to initialization, the initiator anchor 902 may include the current SL PRS transmit power level of the initiator anchor 902 (e.g., information about the transmit power used in the SL-PRS, information about the reference signal used to derive power control for the initiator anchor 902, information about the "α" parameter, and / or information about one or more "p0" parameters). The α and p0 parameters may be used in a formula for determining the transmit power level, such as when the α parameter is a fractional power control value and the "p0" parameter is a nominal power level. As another example, the initiator anchor 902 may include the SL-PRS transmission of one or more of the responding anchors 904a-904c in the initialization message. In some implementations, the message may include a list of anchor IDs for the responding anchors 904a-904c and a list or other information of corresponding power control parameters. In some implementations, the message may include power control parameters for each region ID or for the entire cluster.

[0129] A mobile device 906, such as a third UE, may communicate with the initiator anchor 902 and / or one or more of the responding anchors 904a-904c based on a side link 1 between the initiator anchor 902 and / or the responding anchors 904a-904c. 1 -l 6 The device 906 can send data along the distance d to determine its location. 0 -d 3 The PRS signal transmitted by one or more of the anchors 904a-904c may be based on the SL PRS signal transmitted by the anchors 902 and 904a-904c. 1 -l 6 In some embodiments, the mobile device 906 may not receive power information sent by one or more of the SL l 1 -l 6In some embodiments, the mobile device 906 may receive power information similar to that sent on SL 1 -l 6 For example, even if the mobile device 906 does not transmit SL SRS itself, the mobile device can benefit from receiving these parameters because by knowing the transmit power level and estimating the path loss, the mobile device 906 can roughly estimate the distance based on the path loss (as a first distance estimate to the different anchors 902 and 904a-904c).

[0130] In one example positioning operation involving PRS signals, the mobile device 906 can determine the distance d corresponding to each of the response anchors 904a-904c based on the following formula: 1 -d 3 Measurement of Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)TDOA 1 -TDOA 3 , where the measurement uses a reference distance d between the mobile device 906 and the initiator anchor 902 0 :

[0131] TDOA 1 =(d 1 -d 0 ) / c

[0132] TDOA 2 =(d 2 -d 0 ) / c

[0133] TDOA 3 =(d 3 -d 0 ) / c

[0134] In some embodiments, the initiator anchor 902 may receive measurements from the device 906 and perform the value d 0 -d 3 and TDOA 1 -TDOA 3 d to determine the location of device 906. In some embodiments, device 906 may perform a measurement to determine the location of device 906. 0 -d 3 and TDOA 1 -TDOA 3 and reports the position to the initiator anchor 902.

[0135] Positioning operations (e.g., TDOA determination) can be improved by using transmitted parameters for PRS signals that optimize the power of the transmitted PRS signals by providing a good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the intended receiver. The use of transmitted parameters can reduce receiver saturation problems caused by too high a transmit level, and can reduce noise problems that reduce the accuracy of flight time estimates caused by too low a transmit level.

[0136] The communication may include the transmission of power control information from the initiator anchor 902 to the responding anchors 904a-904c, but may also include the transmission of power control information and / or other information and commands from the responding anchors 904a-904c to the initiator anchor 902. For example, the initiator anchor 902 may send a unicast, broadcast, or multicast message including an increase or decrease transmit power command to the responding anchors 904a-904c for future closed-loop power control based on the SL PRS. The responding anchors 904a-904c may share the power information with the initiator anchor 902, based on which the initiator anchor 902 determines additional power adjustments for one or more of the responding anchors 904a-904c.

[0137] As part of the positioning operation, the initiator anchor 902 can send to the responding anchors 904a-904c. For example, the initiator anchor 902 can receive a positioning request from a target device such as a mobile device 906. The initiator anchor 902 can initiate the operation by sending power information (such as a reference to derive power control of the SL PRS including α and p0 parameters). One or more of the responding anchors 904a-904c can respond with a list of anchor IDs and a list of power control parameters. One or more of the responding anchors 904a-904c can alternatively respond with power control parameters for each area ID or for the entire cluster of anchors 902 and 904a-904c. The responding anchors 904a-904c can additionally or alternatively include power information in the response to the initiator anchor 902, which can be used for SLPRS transmissions performed by the initiator anchor 902 and / or other responding anchors 904a-904c.

[0138] In some embodiments, the target device may send a unicast, broadcast, or multicast message back to the initiator anchor 902 and / or other anchors 904a-904c. The message to the target device may include changing the reference signal (RS). As another example, the target device may send a unicast, broadcast, or multicast message including a command to change the "p0" and / or "alpha" parameters. In some implementations, each of the responses sent may be associated with a specific cluster ID, region ID, anchor ID, or anchor ID group. The target device may transmit the message only to the initiator anchor 902 so that the initiator anchor 902 can update the common power control parameters at all participating devices.

[0139] Fig.10 1 is a block diagram of an example UE 1000 that supports sharing power configuration information on a sidelink according to one or more aspects. The UE 1000 may be configured to perform operations, including referring to Figures 7 and 8 In some implementations, the UE 1000 includes a reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 1000. For example, the UE 1000 includes a controller 1080 that is used to execute logic components or computer instructions stored in a memory 1082 and control components of the UE 1000 that provide features and functionality of the UE 1000. The UE 1000 transmits and receives signals via radio devices 1001a-r and antennas 1052a-r under the control of the controller 1080. The radio devices 1001a-r include various components and hardware, such as those shown in FIG. Figure 2 , illustrated for UE 115, includes modulators and demodulators 254a-r, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, and a TX MIMO processor 266.

[0140] As shown, memory 1082 may include information 1002 such as power configuration, and logic 1003 such as code for determining when to send information including power configuration information. UE 1000 may receive information from one or more network entities such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 The base station 105) receives signals or sends signals to the one or more network entities.

[0141] It should be noted that reference Figures 6 to 8 One or more blocks (or operations) described herein may be combined with one or more blocks (or operations) described in another figure in the referenced figure. Figure 6 One or more boxes (or operations) of Figure 7 One or more boxes (or operations) of . Figure 6 One or more boxes associated with Figure 8 As another example, Figure 7 One or more boxes associated with Figure 8 One or more boxes associated with Figures 6 to 8 One or more boxes associated with Figures 1 to 5 One or more associated boxes (or operations) are combined. Additionally or alternatively, the above reference Figures 1 to 6 One or more of the operations described may be combined with Fig.10 A combination of one or more of the operations described.

[0142] In one or more aspects, the technology for supporting wireless communication (including positioning operations) may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in combination with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In a first aspect, supporting wireless communication may include a device configured to retrieve first information about power control for sidelink transmission by a first UE. The device is further configured to send at least one indicator to a second UE based on the first information by the first UE. Additionally, the device may be performed or operated according to one or more aspects as described below. In some specific implementations, the device includes a wireless device, such as a UE. In some specific implementations, the device may include at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform the operations described herein with respect to the device. In some other specific implementations, the device may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having a program code recorded thereon, and the program code may be executable by a computer for causing the computer to perform the operations described herein with reference to the device. In some specific implementations, the device may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein. In some implementations, a method of wireless communication can include one or more operations described herein with reference to the apparatus.

[0143] In a second aspect, in combination with the first aspect, the apparatus is further configured to perform operations including receiving, by the first UE from the second UE, a transmission from the second UE, wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on receiving the transmission.

[0144] In a third aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect or the second aspect, the sending includes a request for the at least one indicator.

[0145] In a fourth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the device is further configured to perform operations including determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE, wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

[0146] In a fifth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the device is further configured to perform an operation including determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE, wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE.

[0147] In a sixth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the first information includes a power control parameter stored by the first UE.

[0148] In the seventh aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the power control parameter includes a side link transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power strategy, or at least one of a default power behavior.

[0149] In an eighth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the first UE comprises a road side unit (RSU) type UE, and wherein sending the at least one indicator comprises sending a beacon comprising the at least one indicator by the RSU type UE.

[0150] In the ninth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the device is further configured to perform operations including: receiving a second power control configuration by the first UE from a third UE; and sending a second indicator to the second UE based on the second power control configuration by the first UE.

[0151] In one or more aspects, the technology for supporting wireless communication (including positioning operations) may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in combination with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein. In the tenth aspect, supporting wireless communication may include a device configured to receive first information about power control for sidelink transmission from a first UE at a second UE. The device is further configured to be transmitted by the second UE on the sidelink transmission according to the first information about power control for the sidelink transmission. Additionally, the device may be performed or operated according to one or more aspects as described below. In some specific implementations, the device includes a wireless device, such as a UE. In some specific implementations, the device may include at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform the operations described herein with respect to the device. In some other specific implementations, the device may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having a program code recorded thereon, and the program code may be executable by a computer for causing the computer to perform the operations described herein with reference to the device. In some specific implementations, the device may include one or more components configured to perform the operations described herein. In some implementations, a method of wireless communication can include one or more operations described herein with reference to the apparatus.

[0152] In an eleventh aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, transmitting on the sidelink transmission includes transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0153] In a twelfth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the apparatus is further configured to perform operations including sending, by the second UE, a notification of the presence of the second UE.

[0154] In a thirteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the apparatus is further configured to perform operations including sending, by the second UE, a request for the at least one indicator.

[0155] In the fourteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, the device is further configured to perform operations including determining, by the second UE, that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE, wherein receiving the first information is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

[0156] In the fifteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, the device is further configured to perform operations including determining, by the second UE, that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE, wherein receiving the first information is based on determining that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE.

[0157] In the sixteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first to fifteenth aspects, the power control parameter includes a side link transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power strategy, or at least one of a default power behavior.

[0158] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any of a variety of different technologies and techniques may be used to represent information and signals. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0159] In this article Figures 1 to 10 The components, functional blocks and modules described include processors, electronic devices, hardware devices, electronic components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, etc. or any combination thereof. Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other terms. In addition, the features discussed herein may be implemented via dedicated processor circuits, via executable instructions, or a combination thereof.

[0160] The technician will further understand that the various exemplary logic boxes, modules, circuits and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the disclosure of this article can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various exemplary components, boxes, modules, circuits and steps have been generally described above in terms of their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints proposed to the entire system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions in different ways for each specific application, but such specific implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing departure from the scope of the present disclosure. The technician will also easily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods or interactions described herein are only examples, and the components, methods or interactions of various aspects of the present disclosure can be combined or performed in a manner other than the manner illustrated and described herein.

[0161] The various illustrative logical components, logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic processes described in conjunction with the specific implementations disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been generally described in terms of functionality and is illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0162] The hardware and data processing apparatus for implementing the various illustrative logic pieces, logic blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the various aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or executed using a general purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. In some specific implementations, a processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some specific implementations, specific processes and methods may be performed by circuits specific to a given function.

[0163] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware (including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents), or in any combination thereof. Specific implementations of the subject matter described in this specification may also be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer storage medium for execution by a data processing apparatus or for controlling the operation of a data processing apparatus.

[0164] In the case of software implementation, the function may be stored as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium or sent via a computer-readable medium. The process of the method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor executable software module that may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media, and the communication media include any medium that can be implemented to transfer a computer program from one place to another. The storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access. As an example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), CD-ROM or other optical disk storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the required program code in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, any connection may be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. Disks and optical disks as used herein include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and blue discs, wherein disks generally reproduce data magnetically, and optical discs reproduce data optically with lasers. The above combination should also be included in the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and instructions on a machine-readable medium and a computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0165] Various modifications to the specific implementations described in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to some other specific implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the specific implementations shown herein, but are to be consistent with the broadest scope consistent with the disclosure, the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0166] Additionally, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate that the terms "upper" and "lower" are sometimes used for ease of describing the drawings and indicate relative positions on a correctly oriented page corresponding to the orientation of the drawings, and may not reflect the correct orientation of any device as implemented.

[0167] Certain features described in this specification in the context of separate implementations may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations, either individually or in any suitable subcombination. Furthermore, while features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be removed from the combination, and a claimed combination may be directed to subcombinations or variations of subcombinations.

[0168] Similarly, although the operations are depicted in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order, or to perform all the illustrated operations to achieve the desired result. Further, the accompanying drawings may schematically depict one or more example processes in the form of a flow chart. However, other operations not depicted may be combined in the schematically illustrated example process. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously or between any illustrated operations. In some environments, multitasking and parallel processing are advantageous. In addition, the separation of various system components in the specific implementation described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all specific implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, some other specific implementations also fall within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions described in the claims can be performed in different orders and still achieve the desired result.

[0169] As used herein, including in the claims, the term "or" used in a list of two or more items means that any of the listed items may be employed alone, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be employed. For example, where a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition may contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. In addition, as used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items beginning with "at least one" indicates a separate list, so that, for example, a list of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any combination of any of these. The term "substantially" is defined as to a large extent, but not necessarily entirely, what is specified (and includes what is specified; for example, substantially 90 degrees includes 90 degrees, and substantially parallel includes parallel), as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In any disclosed implementation, the term "substantially" may be replaced with "within [percent] of" a specified content, where the percentage includes 0.1%, 1%, 5%, or 10%.

[0170] The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but to be consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication performed by a first user equipment (UE), the method comprising: retrieving, by the first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; as well as At least one indicator is sent by the first UE to a second UE based on the first information.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: receiving, by the first UE, from the second UE, a transmission from the second UE, Wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on receiving the sending. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sending comprises a request for the at least one indicator.

4. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in a first cluster with the first UE, Wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

5. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in a first area together with the first UE, Wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first information comprises a power control parameter stored by the first UE.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the power control parameter comprises at least one of a sidelink transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power policy, or a default power behavior.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the first UE comprises a road side unit (RSU) type UE, and wherein sending the at least one indicator comprises sending, by the RSU type UE, a beacon comprising the at least one indicator.

9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receiving, by the first UE, a second power control configuration from a third UE; as well as A second indicator is sent by the first UE to the second UE based on the second power control configuration.

10. A method of wireless communication, the method comprising: receiving, at the second UE, from the first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; as well as Transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission in accordance with the first information regarding power control for the sidelink transmission.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting on the sidelink transmission comprises transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS).

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising sending, by the second UE, a notification of the presence of the second UE.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising sending, by the second UE, a request for the first information.

14. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: determining, by the second UE, that the second UE and the first UE are in a first cluster together, Wherein receiving the first information is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

15. The method according to claim 10, further comprising: determining, by the second UE, that the second UE is in a first area together with the first UE, The receiving of the first information is based on determining that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein the first information comprises at least one of a sidelink transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power policy, or a default power behavior.

17. A first user equipment (UE), the first user equipment (UE) comprising: a memory storing processor readable code; and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute the processor readable code so that the at least one processor performs operations including: retrieving, by the first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; and At least one indicator is sent by the first UE to a second UE based on the first information.

18. The UE of claim 17, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: A transmission from the second UE is received by the first UE from the second UE, wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on receiving the transmission.

19. The UE of claim 18, wherein the sending comprises a request for the at least one indicator.

20. The UE of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in a first cluster with the first UE, Wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

21. The UE of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining, by the first UE in response to receiving the transmission, that the second UE is in a first area together with the first UE, Wherein sending the at least one indicator is based on determining that the second UE is in the first area together with the first UE.

22. The UE of claim 17, wherein the first information comprises a power control parameter stored by the first UE.

23. The UE of claim 22, wherein the power control parameter comprises at least one of a sidelink transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power policy, or a default power behavior.

24. The UE of claim 22, wherein the first UE comprises a road side unit (RSU) type UE, and wherein sending the at least one indicator comprises sending, by the RSU type UE, a beacon comprising the at least one indicator.

25. The UE of claim 17, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: receiving, by the first UE, a second power control configuration from a third UE; and A second indicator is sent by the first UE to the second UE based on the second power control configuration.

26. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: a memory storing processor readable code; and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute the processor readable code so that the at least one processor performs operations including: receiving, at the second UE, from the first UE, first information regarding power control for sidelink transmissions; as well as Transmitting, by the second UE, on the sidelink transmission in accordance with the first information regarding power control for the sidelink transmission.

27. The UE of claim 26, wherein transmitting on the sidelink transmission comprises transmitting a positioning reference signal (PRS).

28. The UE of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: A request for the first information is sent by the second UE.

29. The UE of claim 26, wherein the at least one processor is configured to execute the processor readable code to further cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining, by the second UE, that the second UE and the first UE are in a first cluster together, Wherein receiving the first information is based on determining that the second UE is in the first cluster together with the first UE.

30. The UE of claim 26, wherein the first information comprises at least one of a sidelink transmit power, a downlink path loss value, an uplink path loss value, an indicator of a transmit power policy, or a default power behavior.

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