One-way moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically regulating infrared radiation and preparation method of one-way moisture-conducting flocked fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically regulating and controlling infrared radiation and a preparation method. The fabric comprises base cloth, flocked fluff and a thermal radiation material, one side of the base cloth is modified by implanting flocking fluff, then a phenol ammonium solution is sprayed on the flocking fluff side, and a heat radiation material is coated; the base cloth is made of a hydrophobic fabric, and the flocking fluff is made of a hydrophilic and water-absorbing swelling material. The one-way moisture-conducting flocking fabric prepared by the invention can regulate and control the heat radiation characteristic according to the humidity change, and meanwhile, the problem of wet discomfort of a human body is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile, textile chemistry and dyeing and finishing engineering, and particularly relates to a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically regulating infrared radiation and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the frequent occurrence of extreme climate events around the world, human thermal regulation is crucial to thermal comfort, health and work efficiency. According to statistics, nearly 20% of the total electricity consumption is used for building and space thermal regulation with air conditioners and electric fans, which brings huge energy consumption and crisis. Although various thermal management devices have been developed, such as electric heating wearable devices or thermoelectric devices, they still require additional electricity and are often too bulky to be comfortable to wear.

[0003] Passive radiative cooling technology is a zero-energy and environmentally friendly strategy. Radiative cooling materials can emit long-wave infrared (LWIR) to outer space through the atmospheric transparent window (8-13μm) and high sunlight (0.3-2.5μm) reflection, thereby spontaneously cooling objects. In contrast, passive radiative heating is achieved through high solar absorption and low infrared emissivity. The key design of radiative cooling and heating materials is to combine the inherent properties of the material with structural photonic engineering to achieve selective response to light, thereby controlling the radiative cooling and heating performance. However, these materials are usually static, with a single purpose for cooling or heating, and cannot adapt to changing environments and weather. Therefore, it is very important and challenging to achieve these two contradictory properties in the same material.

[0004] Dual-mode fabrics are considered to be new fabrics that can achieve radiative cooling and heating in the same textile. Hsu et al. embedded a double-layer emitter in an infrared-transparent nanoporous polyethylene layer and controlled the two sides of the fabric to have different thicknesses. When the high-emissivity layer faces the environment, the high external emissivity and the high heat transfer coefficient caused by the short distance between the emitter and the skin put the fabric in cooling mode; on the contrary, when the low-emissivity layer faces outward, the distance between the emitter and the skin increases, resulting in a decrease in thermal conductivity, and the fabric is in heating mode. Ding et al. developed a dual-mode leather-like nanotextile with an asymmetric wrinkled photonic microstructure through one-step electrospinning technology. It is composed of polyurethane (PU) / aluminum oxide / hydrophilic agent formed by electrospinning to form a cooling layer, and PU / conductive carbon black / hydrophobic agent formed by electrospinning to form a heating layer. In the cooling mode, the cooling layer faces the external environment, combining strong solar reflectivity to minimize solar heat input and high infrared emissivity to maximize heat dissipation, achieving efficient radiative cooling performance. With the synergistic effect of sweat release, the cooling mode can keep the body cool and dry on hot sunny days. When the textile is turned over, the heating layer faces outward, which can absorb a large amount of solar radiation, and the low infrared emissivity can reduce heat dissipation, so it has effective radiative heating performance. However, adjusting thermal comfort by artificial mechanical turning is not only cumbersome and laborious, but also has a lag in temperature sensing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop textiles that can dynamically adjust thermal radiation properties according to the external environment or human needs.

[0005] Adaptive adjustment of light channels according to thermal discomfort will fundamentally improve the function of clothing systems. Zhang et al. designed an infrared adaptive textile using dual-morphological fibers composed of hydrophobic triacetate and hydrophilic cellulose as the base polymer material, and simply coated the knitted fabric woven with dual-morphological fibers with few-walled carbon nanotubes by a method similar to solution dyeing. Due to the competition between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, dual-morphological fibers can drive the fiber spacing to change with changes in relative humidity. When hot / humid, the yarn collapses, bringing adjacent fibers closer together, causing resonant electromagnetic coupling, which can change the emissivity of the textile to better match the thermal radiation of the human body, thereby effectively enhancing heat exchange. When cold / dry, the yarn responds in the opposite way to reduce heat dissipation. Although the fabric can perform adaptive thermal management according to external conditions, the wet discomfort of the human body caused by sweating remains to be solved, and the fiber preparation process is complicated and difficult to achieve efficient preparation.

[0006] One-way moisture conduction technology can provide a drier and cooler microenvironment for the human body and has received increasing attention. The most obvious feature of one-way moisture conduction materials is the asymmetric wettability gradient. This asymmetric structure causes the liquid to be subjected to unbalanced forces, resulting in spontaneous movement. Constructing a conical structure or three-dimensional pores based on the wettability gradient can further increase the Laplace pressure difference of the liquid to improve the one-way moisture conduction performance. Dai et al. achieved directional liquid transport by embedding a conical micropore array with a hydrophilic inner surface in a textile with a wettability gradient. When a hydrophobic polyester layer with large-opening hydrophilic conical micropores comes into contact with liquid, the fabric can pump the liquid to the super-hydrophilic nitrocellulose layer through the hydrophilic conical micropores, thereby eliminating the wet discomfort caused by sweat. While achieving directional sweat transport, the technology for adaptively regulating the thermal radiation properties of textiles has not yet been developed.

[0007] Electrostatic flocking fabric is a fabric that uses high-voltage static electricity to plant flocking hair on the surface of a fabric coated with flocking glue, so that the fibers form a vertically arranged structure on the surface. At present, most electrostatic flocking fabrics are used for thermal insulation and sound absorption and noise reduction. There are no patents and literature dedicated to unidirectional moisture conduction, and no thermal radiation adaptive control technology based on the unidirectional moisture conduction characteristics of electrostatic flocking fabric has been developed. This technology faces the following key problems: (1) While flocking glue firmly binds the flocking hair, it will block the pores of the fabric and close the channel for reverse water transport. Therefore, how to balance the bonding strength of the flocking hair and the overall unidirectional moisture conduction performance of the fabric is one of the key issues to be solved; (2) The structure of traditional flocking fabrics is fixed and cannot automatically adjust the thermal performance according to changes in the external environment, making it difficult to achieve thermal comfort in a changing environment; (3) Even if the structure of the flocking fabric is variable, how to maintain the original unidirectional moisture conduction performance also needs to be considered; (4) The fabric should maintain its original thermal radiation characteristics after multiple structural changes and sweat immersion. Therefore, the thermal radiation control material and the fabric should have good bonding strength. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrostatic flocking fabric which can adjust the thermal radiation characteristics of the fabric according to the change of humidity and solve the problem of humidity discomfort of the human body.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric that can dynamically control infrared radiation, the fabric comprising a base fabric, flocking hair and a thermal radiation material; one side of the base fabric is modified by implanting flocking hair, and then a phenol ammonium solution is sprayed on the flocking hair side and a thermal radiation material is coated; the material of the base fabric is a hydrophobic fabric, and the material of the flocking hair is a hydrophilic and water-absorbing and swelling material.

[0010] The primary backing fabric is a woven, knitted or non-woven structure.

[0011] Preferably, the material of the primary base fabric is polyester, nylon, polylactic acid, acrylic, polypropylene or aramid.

[0012] More preferably, the primary fabric is woven polyester.

[0013] Preferably, the flocking hair is made of seaweed fiber, viscose fiber or polyacrylic fiber.

[0014] More preferably, the material of the flocking pile is viscose fiber or polyacrylic fiber.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal radiation material is carbon nanotube, MXene, graphene or metal element.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) spraying flocking glue on one side of the base fabric, implanting flocking hair on the sprayed side under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, and drying to obtain an electrostatic flocking base fabric;

[0018] (2) preparing a phenolamine solution and spraying it on the flocking side of the electrostatic flocking base fabric, and drying it;

[0019] (3) Coat the heat radiation material on the flock side and dry it in vacuum.

[0020] Furthermore, the drying temperature in steps (1) and (2) is 70-90°C, and the drying temperature in step (3) is 40-60°C.

[0021] The preparation method of the phenolamine solution is as follows: take 30 mL of Tris buffer, add 0.5-3.0 g of polyphenol reagent, and after dissolving, add 0.05-0.3 g of amine compound and stir well to dissolve.

[0022] Preferably, the polyphenol agent is tannic acid, caffeic acid, dopamine or gallic acid.

[0023] Preferably, the amine compound is polyethyleneimine, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, triethylenetetramine or diethylenetriamine.

[0024] More preferably, the preparation and use of the phenol ammonium solution is as follows: take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, dissolve it, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir it thoroughly to dissolve it, spray it on the flock side of the flocking fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C. The reaction process is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Furthermore, the heat radiation material is coated on the flock side by dipping, spraying, vacuum plating or chemical plating.

[0027] Preferably, the thermal radiation material is MXene, and a few layers of MXene solution are coated on the flock side by spraying.

[0028] Preferably, the heat radiation material is copper, and a copper plating solution is coated on the flocking side by chemical plating.

[0029] Beneficial Effects

[0030] (1) The present invention adopts the electrostatic flocking method, which is simple and easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production. The obtained samples have good flexibility, mechanical properties and air permeability;

[0031] (2) The electrostatic flocking structure constructed by the present invention enables a larger capillary force to be formed between adjacent flocking hairs, which is beneficial for the transport of sweat to the flocking hair side, and the wetting gradient formed by the fabric substrate and flocking hairs with different wettability further enhances the unidirectional moisture conduction performance;

[0032] (3) The present invention applies flocking glue and phenolamine solution by spraying, thereby avoiding clogging of fabric pores caused by excessive flocking glue, and this method only sprays the solution on one side of the fabric, which will not affect the performance of the other side;

[0033] (4) The present invention uses phenolamine solution to connect the flocking hair and the heat radiation material. The phenolamine solution has a strong adhesion after the reaction, which is beneficial to enhance the bonding strength between the two and will not affect the hydrophilicity of the flocking hair side;

[0034] (5) The flocking hair selected in the present invention is water-absorbing and swelling hair. When sweat is transported toward the flocking hair against gravity, the flocking hair will absorb water and swell, causing the distance between adjacent flocking hairs to decrease, thereby bringing the thermal radiation materials on the flocking hair closer together, causing resonant electromagnetic coupling, thereby achieving dynamic regulation of infrared radiation and thermal and moisture comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a SEM image of the fabric in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 is the liquid moisture management performance of the fabric in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 is the infrared emissivity of the fabric in Example 1 of the present invention at different humidity levels.

[0038] Figure 4 It is an optical image of the polyacrylic acid fiber before and after swelling in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a SEM image of the surface of the polyacrylic fiber after copper plating in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0041] The fabrics prepared in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples were tested using the following methods:

[0042] The morphology of the prepared flocking fabric was observed using a scanning electron microscope (NovaNanoSEM450);

[0043] The swelling behavior of flocking hairs was photographed using an ultra-depth-of-field microscope (VHX-6000);

[0044] The unidirectional moisture conduction performance of the fabric was tested using a liquid moisture management instrument (M290);

[0045] The mid-infrared (8-13 μm) emissivity of the fabrics was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Nicolet 6700) with a gold integrating sphere.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically regulating infrared radiation and a preparation method thereof, the steps of which are as follows:

[0048] (1) Spray flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester fabric to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Select viscose fiber fluff, plant it on the polyester spray glue side under the action of high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for use;

[0049] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, and after dissolving, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it on the flock side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C;

[0050] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2 g of lithium fluoride and 40 mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9 M) were stirred at 400 rpm for 30 min, 2 g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution, and then the temperature was adjusted to 35 °C and stirred for 24 h;

[0051] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water and ultrasonicate for 10 minutes, and continue centrifugation. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the centrifugal precipitate obtained, and the upper layer obtained after ultrasonic centrifugation is the lesser layer dispersion;

[0052] (4) Coating with thermal radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution was immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocking side facing down, and immersed in the solution for 30 minutes, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0053] Figure 1 The cross-sectional morphology of the fabric is shown, showing that the viscose fluff is independently and vertically arranged on the surface of the polyester fabric and is relatively compact. Figure 2 This is the liquid moisture management data of the fabric. During the dripping process, the water content of the upper and lower surfaces increases simultaneously within 20 seconds. After the water supply is stopped, the water content of the polyester side (inside) decreases significantly. This is because the strong capillary force and hydrophilicity of the flocking side (outside) transfer water to the flocking side, so the water content of the outside gradually increases. Among them, the one-way water transfer capacity can reach 877%. Figure 3 The infrared emissivity of the fabric under different humidity conditions is shown. In the dry state (i.e., the moisture absorption rate is 0), the infrared emissivity (E1) of the flocking side is 40.46%. When the moisture absorption rate is 50%, the infrared emissivity (E2) reaches 57.34%, and the change in infrared emissivity is (ΔE) 16.88%.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] The preparation method of the unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation provided in this comparative example is different from the preparation method in Example 1 in that the flocking glue coating method is different, and the preparation method thereof comprises:

[0056] (1) Apply flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester cloth to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Select viscose fiber fluff, plant it on the polyester glue-coated side under the action of high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for use;

[0057] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, and after dissolving, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it on the flock side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C;

[0058] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2 g of lithium fluoride and 40 mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9 M) were stirred at 400 rpm for 30 min, 2 g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution, and then the temperature was adjusted to 35 °C and stirred for 24 h;

[0059] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water and ultrasonicate for 10 minutes, and continue centrifugation. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the centrifugal precipitate obtained, and the upper layer obtained after ultrasonic centrifugation is the lesser layer dispersion;

[0060] (4) Coating with thermal radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution was immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocking side facing down, and immersed in the solution for 30 minutes, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0061] Table 1 shows the unidirectional water transfer capacity and infrared emissivity changes of the fabric of Comparative Example 1. Since the pores of the base fabric are blocked by the flocking glue, it is difficult for water to be transferred to the flock side, so the unidirectional water transfer capacity is only 160.6%. The infrared emissivity in the dry state and at 50% moisture absorption rate is 39.5% and 41% respectively, and the change in infrared emissivity is small, only 1.5%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method of Comparative Example 1 is worse than that of Example 1.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment adopts the same method as that of embodiment 1 to prepare a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation, except that the flocked hair uses polyacrylic fiber. The preparation method includes:

[0064] (1) Spray flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester cloth to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Flock the polyacrylic fiber fluff on the polyester glue-coated side under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80°C for later use;

[0065] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, and after dissolving, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it on the flock side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C;

[0066] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2 g of lithium fluoride and 40 mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9 M) were stirred at 400 rpm for 30 min, 2 g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution, and then the temperature was adjusted to 35 °C and stirred for 24 h;

[0067] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water and ultrasonicate for 10 minutes, and continue centrifugation. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the centrifugal precipitate obtained, and the upper layer obtained after ultrasonic centrifugation is the lesser layer dispersion;

[0068] (4) Coating with thermal radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution was immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocking side facing down, and immersed in the solution for 30 minutes, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0069] Figure 4 The figure is a graph showing the changes of polyacrylic acid fiber before and after swelling. It can be seen that the fiber undergoes obvious swelling behavior after absorbing water. Table 1 shows the changes in the unidirectional water transfer capacity and infrared emissivity of Example 2. It can be seen that the strong capillary force and the strong water absorption of flocking hair make the unidirectional water transfer capacity as high as 863%. The swelling of polyacrylic acid fiber hair changes the distance between fiber hairs coated with thermal radiation material, resulting in electromagnetic coupling. The thermal radiation change ΔE in the dry state and 50% moisture absorption rate is 34.2%.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] The preparation method of the unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation provided in this comparative example is different from the preparation method in Example 2 in that the material of the flocking hair is different, and the preparation method thereof comprises:

[0072] (1) Spray flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester cloth to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Select nylon fiber flock, plant it on the polyester spray glue side under the action of high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for use;

[0073] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, and after dissolving, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it on the flock side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C;

[0074] (3) Preparation of few-layer MXene solution: 2 g of lithium fluoride and 40 mL of hydrochloric acid (concentration of 9 M) were stirred at 400 rpm for 30 min, 2 g of MAX-Ti3AlC2 was slowly added to the above acid solution, and then the temperature was adjusted to 35 °C and stirred for 24 h;

[0075] Centrifuge the solution obtained above, discard the supernatant, add deionized water and ultrasonicate for 10 minutes, and continue centrifugation. Repeat several times until the pH of the supernatant reaches 7. Add deionized water to the centrifugal precipitate obtained, and the upper layer obtained after ultrasonic centrifugation is the lesser layer dispersion;

[0076] (4) Coating with thermal radiation material: The flocked fabric modified with phenolamine solution was immersed in the prepared MXene few-layer dispersion, with the flocking side facing down, and immersed in the solution for 30 minutes, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0077] Table 1 shows the unidirectional water transfer capacity and infrared emissivity changes of the fabric of Comparative Example 2. Since the flocking hair is a hydrophobic fiber, no wetting gradient is formed, so the unidirectional water transfer capacity is only 205.7%. The change in infrared emissivity is small, which is 3.1%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method of Comparative Example 2 is worse than that of Example 2.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation is prepared by a method substantially the same as that in Example 2, except that the heat radiation material is a metal element and the preparation method is chemical plating. The preparation method includes:

[0080] (1) Spray flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester cloth to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Select polyacrylic fiber flock, plant it on the polyester spray glue side under the action of high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for use;

[0081] (2) Preparation and use of phenolamine solution: Take 30 mL of Tris buffer (pH 8.5), add 2.0 g of tannic acid, and after dissolving, add 0.2 g of polyethyleneimine, stir thoroughly to dissolve, spray it on the flock side of the flocked fabric, and then dry it in an oven at 80°C;

[0082] (3) Immerse the phenolamine-modified flocking hair in a 2g / L AgNO3 solution for 10 minutes for activation. Prepare a copper plating solution with the following ingredients: CuSO4 (20g / L), EDTA·2Na (19.5g / L), NaKC4H4O6·4H2O (14g / L), NaOH (14.5g / L), K4[Fe(CN)6] (0.01g / L), BPy (0.02g / L), HCHO (15mL / L);

[0083] (4) Coating with heat radiation material: The activated fabric is added into the copper plating solution, with the flocking side facing downward, immersed in the solution at room temperature for 3 hours, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0084] The surface of the obtained fabric is evenly covered with copper, and its appearance is as follows Figure 5 The changes in unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity are shown in Table 1. Due to the good wetting gradient and capillary force, the unidirectional water transport capacity can reach 852%. Due to the different spacing between flocking fibers at different humidity, the overall thermal radiation changes, and ΔE is 27.7%.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] As a control experiment of Example 3, a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation is prepared by a method substantially the same as that of Example 3, except that the flocked hair is not modified by phenolamine, and the remaining steps are the same as those of Example 3. The preparation method includes:

[0087] (1) Spray flocking glue on the surface of hydrophobic woven polyester cloth to form a uniform adhesive film on the surface of polyester fiber. Select viscose fiber flock, plant it on the polyester spray glue side under the action of high-voltage electrostatic field, and then dry it at 80℃ for use.

[0088] (2) Immerse the flock side in a 2g / L AgNO3 solution for 10 minutes for activation. Prepare a copper plating solution with the following ingredients: CuSO4 (20g / L), EDTA·2Na (19.5g / L), NaKC4H4O6·4H2O (14g / L), NaOH (14.5g / L), K4[Fe(CN)6] (0.01g / L), BPy (0.02g / L), HCHO (15mL / L).

[0089] (3) Coating with heat radiation material: The activated fabric is added into the copper plating solution, with the flocking side facing downward, immersed in the solution at room temperature for 3 hours, and finally dried in a vacuum oven at 50°C.

[0090] Table 1 shows the unidirectional water transport capacity and infrared emissivity changes of the fabric of Comparative Example 3. Due to the loss of the adhesion of phenolamine, the binding force between copper and flocking is poor, only a small amount of copper adheres to the surface of flocking, and a continuous copper film cannot be formed. Therefore, the emissivity changes slightly, only 5.6%. The unidirectional water transport capacity is not greatly affected, about 847%. Therefore, the overall performance of the fiber prepared by the method of Comparative Example 3 is worse than that of Example 3.

[0091] The unidirectional water transfer capacity and infrared emissivity change of the unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabrics capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] It can be seen from Table 1 that the unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric prepared by the present invention, which includes a hydrophobic base fabric, hydrophilic and water-swelling flocking hair and a thermal radiation material, and is modified by a phenol ammonium solution, has excellent unidirectional moisture-conducting performance and dynamic regulation capability of infrared radiation.

Claims

1. A unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically regulating infrared radiation, characterized in that: The fabric comprises a base fabric, flocking and a heat radiation material; one side of the base fabric is modified by implanting flocking, and then a phenol ammonium solution is sprayed on the flocking side and the heat radiation material is coated; The material of the base fabric is a hydrophobic fabric, and the material of the flocking hair is a hydrophilic material that absorbs water and swells.

2. The unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary backing fabric is made of polyester, nylon, polylactic acid, acrylic, polypropylene or aramid.

3. The unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the flocking hair is seaweed fiber, viscose fiber or polyacrylic fiber.

4. The unidirectional moisture-conducting flocking fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal radiation material is carbon nanotube, MXene, graphene or metal element.

5. A method for preparing a unidirectional moisture-conducting flocked fabric capable of dynamically controlling infrared radiation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: (1) spraying flocking glue on one side of the base fabric, implanting flocking hair on the sprayed side under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, and drying to obtain an electrostatic flocking base fabric; (2) preparing a phenolamine solution and spraying it on the flocking side of the electrostatic flocking base fabric, and drying it; (3) Coat the heat radiation material on the flock side and dry it in vacuum.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drying temperature in steps (1) and (2) is 70-90°C; the drying temperature in step (3) is 40-60°C.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the phenolamine solution is as follows: take 30 mL of Tris buffer, add 0.5-3.0 g of polyphenol reagent, and after dissolving, add 0.05-0.3 g of amine compound and stir well to dissolve.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The polyphenol agent is tannic acid, caffeic acid, dopamine or gallic acid.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The amine compound is polyethyleneimine, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, triethylenetetramine or diethylenetriamine.

10. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat radiation material is coated on the flock side by dipping, spraying, vacuum plating or chemical plating.

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