Self-adaptive variable-stiffness damping device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive variable-stiffness damping device and a control method thereof. The self-adaptive variable-stiffness damping device comprises an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a bottom plate, a central control unit and a sensor unit. Wherein the intelligent material layer is installed at the center position of the bottom plate, the sensor units are installed on the bottom plate and the intelligent material layer, the central control unit is installed on the side face of the intelligent material layer, and the adjustable mass block is installed at the top of the intelligent material layer; the sensor unit is in communication connection with the central control unit, and the central control unit is in communication connection with the adjustable mass block and the intelligent material layer. According to the device, the rigidity and damping characteristics of the device can be automatically adjusted according to frequency and amplitude changes of external vibration, the device adapts to different vibration working conditions, compared with a traditional vibration reduction device with fixed rigidity, the device shows a more efficient vibration suppression effect in a broadband vibration environment, the stability of a system is remarkably improved, and the service life of the system is remarkably prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbing equipment, and in particular to an adaptive variable stiffness shock absorbing device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Vibration problems are common in all kinds of mechanical equipment, vehicle systems and building structures, which directly affect the operating stability, service life and safety of the equipment. Vibration control technology is crucial in many industrial fields, such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments and construction engineering. Effective vibration reduction can not only reduce noise and reduce the wear of parts, but also improve the operating efficiency and accuracy of equipment. Therefore, the research and development of vibration reduction technology is crucial to the engineering field.

[0003] Traditional vibration reduction systems mostly use passive control methods. Common vibration reduction devices include rubber pads, springs, viscoelastic dampers, etc. The main principle of the above vibration reduction devices is to absorb or attenuate vibration energy through fixed stiffness and damping coefficients. Although these vibration reduction devices have certain effects under certain working conditions, they have inherent limitations. In particular, when the vibration frequency and amplitude change, the vibration absorbers with fixed stiffness and damping are often unable to adapt to the dynamically changing vibration environment, resulting in a significant reduction in the vibration reduction effect. Especially in scenarios with a large frequency span, such as complex mechanical equipment, high-speed transportation vehicles, and vibration resistance of building structures, the limitations of common vibration reduction devices become more and more obvious.

[0004] In order to improve vibration reduction performance, active vibration reduction technology has gradually emerged in recent years. Active vibration reduction technology monitors vibration in real time through sensors and actively applies reverse force through the control system to offset or attenuate vibration. However, active vibration reduction systems require complex control algorithms and high-energy consumption actuators. Although good results have been achieved in some high-end applications, their high cost and complexity limit their widespread application in industry.

[0005] With the development of smart material technology, adaptive vibration reduction devices based on smart materials have gradually attracted attention. Existing smart materials, such as shape memory alloys, magnetorheological elastomers, piezoelectric materials, etc., have the ability to automatically adjust physical properties according to external stimuli (such as temperature, electromagnetic field or stress). Unlike traditional passive or active vibration reduction systems, smart materials have controllable stiffness and damping characteristics, can be adaptively adjusted according to changes in the external vibration environment, and have the advantages of simple structure, rapid response, and low energy consumption. However, the existing smart material vibration reduction devices have not yet formed a mature industrial application system. Especially in complex vibration environments, active vibration reduction devices that effectively combine smart materials with real-time control systems need to optimize their dynamic adjustment performance of stiffness and damping according to the vibration environment. However, the optimization process requires multiple adjustments according to the vibration environment, which takes a long time and cost to achieve. In addition, during use, when complex working conditions with dynamic changes in vibration frequency and amplitude appear in the vibration environment, the vibration reduction effect is poor. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the existing shock absorbing device cannot adapt to different vibration frequencies and amplitudes, resulting in poor vibration reduction effect, the present invention provides an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device and a control method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device, comprising an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a base plate, a central control unit, and a sensor unit; Wherein, the smart material layer is installed at the center position of the base plate, the sensor unit is installed on the base plate and the smart material layer, the central control unit is installed on the side of the smart material layer, and the adjustable mass block is installed on the top of the smart material layer; the sensor unit is communicatively connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit is communicatively connected to the adjustable mass block and the smart material layer.

[0008] Preferably, the smart material layer includes a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, the polyurethane damping blocks are mounted on the base plate, the adjustable mass block is mounted on the top of the polyurethane damping block, a hollow spring is mounted in each of the polyurethane damping blocks, a magnetic fluid is mounted inside the hollow spring; the polyurethane damping blocks and the magnetic fluid are communicatively connected to a central control unit.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of the polyurethane damping blocks are arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular body, the bottom of the rectangular body is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the adjustable mass block is installed on the top of the rectangular body.

[0010] Preferably, the central control unit comprises a processing subunit, a receiving subunit and an executing subunit; the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the executing subunit are integrated in an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is mounted on an outer wall of one of the polyurethane damping blocks outside the rectangular body; The receiving subunit is communicatively connected to the processing subunit and the sensor unit, the processing subunit is communicatively connected to the execution subunit, and the execution subunit is communicatively connected to the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid.

[0011] Preferably, the central control unit further comprises a history storage subunit, which is communicatively connected to the processing subunit, and stores historical vibration data therein for exchanging data with an external device via a communication interface of the embedded processor.

[0012] Preferably, the central control unit further includes a mode adjustment subunit, which is communicatively connected to the processing subunit and is used to adjust the working mode of the central control unit.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustable mass block includes a first mass block, a second mass block and a third mass block; the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block are stacked in sequence from low to high, and the first mass block is fixedly installed on the top of the rectangular body.

[0014] Preferably, the sensor unit comprises an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, and the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the smart material layer and the base plate; the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the central control unit.

[0015] The present invention proposes a method for controlling an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device, which is used to control the above-mentioned vibration damping device, and specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: The sensor unit monitors the external vibration environment in real time, collects key parameters of the vibration, and transmits the key parameters to the central control unit.

[0016] Step 2: The central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters, determines whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through the built-in control algorithm, and obtains the adjustment parameters; Step 3, the central control unit adjusts the external electromagnetic field based on the adjustment parameters to control the stiffness and damping changes of the smart material layer; Step 4: The central control unit adjusts the weight and position of the adjustable mass block based on the adjustment parameters to perform shock absorption.

[0017] Preferably, the key parameters include acceleration, displacement, velocity and frequency of vibration.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention proposes an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device. The device integrates an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a base plate, a central control unit and a sensor unit to form a highly integrated and intelligent vibration control system. The device realizes dynamic adaptation to the vibration environment and efficient vibration reduction through the coordinated work of various components; that is, the device obtains the vibration data of the equipment connected to the device through the sensor unit, and then the central control unit accurately controls the intelligent material layer and the adjustable mass block through the vibration data. The intelligent material layer can quickly respond and adjust its Physical properties, thereby effectively absorbing and dispersing vibration energy and reducing vibration amplitude; the central control unit can dynamically adjust the weight and position of the adjustable mass block according to changes in the vibration state to optimize the natural frequency of the system and avoid the occurrence of resonance, so that the device can better adapt to vibration environments of different frequencies and amplitudes and provide a more stable and reliable vibration reduction effect; therefore, the device can automatically adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics of the device according to changes in the frequency and amplitude of external vibrations to adapt to different vibration conditions. Compared with traditional fixed-stiffness vibration reduction devices, the device exhibits a more efficient vibration suppression effect in a wide-band vibration environment, significantly improving the stability and service life of the system.

[0019] Furthermore, the smart material layer in the device is composed of multiple polyurethane damping blocks, which not only have excellent shock-absorbing performance, but also achieve flexible adjustment of stiffness and damping through built-in hollow springs and magnetic fluid. The hollow springs in the polyurethane damping blocks not only enhance the stability of the structure, but also provide space for dynamic adjustment of the magnetic fluid. The central control unit can adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics of the damping blocks in real time by precisely controlling the distribution and flow of the magnetic fluid, thereby adapting to different vibration environments more accurately and enabling more precise adjustments to vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes.

[0020] Furthermore, the central control unit in the device integrates the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the execution subunit in the embedded processor, which not only improves the stability and reliability of the system, but also makes the control logic more compact and efficient. The receiving subunit can receive the vibration data transmitted by the sensor unit in real time, and the processing subunit is responsible for quickly analyzing and processing these data to determine the current vibration state and generate corresponding adjustment data. The execution subunit accurately controls the dynamic adjustment of the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid according to the adjustment data to achieve flexible changes in stiffness and damping. The addition of the adjustment data and historical storage subunit enables the central control unit to store historical vibration data. Through the communication interface of the embedded processor, these data can also be exchanged with external devices, which is convenient for users to conduct more in-depth analysis and monitoring, and realize remote monitoring and data recording functions. The mode adjustment subunit provides users with more flexible control options. Users can adjust the working mode of the central control unit according to actual needs to adapt to different application scenarios and vibration environments, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the device, and bring users a more convenient and efficient use experience. Then, through the central control unit, users can remotely monitor and control the operating status of the equipment, which is convenient for maintenance and diagnosis, and reduces the failure rate and maintenance cost.

[0021] Furthermore, the adjustable mass block in the present device is composed of a first mass block, a second mass block and a third mass block stacked in sequence from low to high. The resonant frequency of the present device can be adjusted by adjusting the weight and position of the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block to avoid the occurrence of vibration resonance and further enhance the vibration reduction effect. Especially when facing complex multi-frequency vibrations, the device can adjust the structural parameters in a targeted manner to achieve optimal vibration reduction performance.

[0022] Furthermore, the sensor unit in the device integrates accelerometers, laser displacement sensors and pressure sensors. Through these sensors, the vibration environment is monitored in real time, and the acceleration, displacement and pressure changes of the vibration environment can be monitored comprehensively and accurately. The real-time monitoring and precise transmission of these key parameters provide rich data support for the central control unit, enabling it to more accurately judge the vibration state and generate corresponding adjustment data, thereby improving the shock absorption effect.

[0023] The present invention proposes a control method for an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device. This method realizes accurate judgment of the vibration state by real-time monitoring of the external vibration environment and collecting key parameters. The central control unit uses advanced algorithms to quickly analyze and determine adjustment needs, thereby intelligently adjusting the electromagnetic field to change the stiffness and damping of the smart material layer to effectively respond to different vibration scenarios. At the same time, the method can also adjust the weight and position of the adjustable mass block to further improve the shock absorption effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged perspective view at A in the middle; In the attached figure: 1. smart material layer; 2. adjustable mass block; 3. bottom plate; 4. central control unit 5. sensor unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] See also Figure 1~Figure 2 The present invention proposes an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device, which includes an intelligent material layer 1, an adjustable mass block 2, a base plate 3, a central control unit 4, and a sensor unit 5; the intelligent material layer 1 is installed at the center of the base plate 3, the sensor unit 5 is arranged on the side of the intelligent material layer 1 on the base plate 3, the central control unit 4 is installed on the side of one side of the intelligent material layer 1, the adjustable mass block 2 is installed on the top of the intelligent material layer 1, the sensor unit 5 is communicatively connected to the central control unit 4, the central control unit 4 is communicatively connected to the adjustable mass block 2 and the intelligent material layer 1, that is, the external vibration data received by the device installed on the corresponding equipment is obtained through the sensor unit 5, the vibration data is transmitted to the central control unit 4 for processing, and the adjustment parameters are obtained. The central control unit 4 adjusts the stiffness and damping of the intelligent material layer 1 and the weight and position of the adjustable mass block 2 by adjusting the parameters, so as to realize the vibration reduction of the corresponding equipment on which the device is installed.

[0032] See also Figure 1~Figure 2The smart material layer 1 includes a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, each of which is equipped with a hollow spring, and a magnetic fluid is installed inside the hollow spring. The polyurethane damping blocks and the magnetic fluid are connected to the central control unit 4 by communication; the plurality of polyurethane damping blocks are arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular body, the bottom of the rectangular body is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 3, and the two adjacent polyurethane damping blocks are connected by a high-strength adhesive to ensure the tightness and stability between the damping blocks and avoid displacement caused by vibration; wherein, the hollow spring can be installed horizontally or vertically according to the vibration direction of the installation position to cope with different vibration conditions; the magnetic fluid changes its stiffness and damping characteristics through the adjustment of the external electromagnetic field. The stiffness of the smart material layer 1 can vary within the range of 50% to 200% to adapt to vibration sources of different frequencies (such as 1 to 100 Hz) and amplitudes (such as 0.1 to 10 mm). This flexible adjustment capability enables the smart material layer 1 to maintain excellent vibration reduction performance in a complex vibration environment. The fast response speed and flexible adjustment of the smart material layer 1 are the key to achieving the adaptive vibration reduction effect; the smart material layer 1 can exhibit excellent vibration reduction performance under different working conditions, so that it can maintain good performance even in complex vibration environments.

[0033] In this embodiment, the communication between the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid and the central control unit 4 is realized through sensors and control signals. The central control unit 4 receives data (such as acceleration, displacement, speed, etc.) from the sensor unit in real time, and uses the built-in control algorithm to analyze these data to determine the current vibration state. According to the analysis results, the central control unit 4 can control the flow and distribution of the magnetic fluid by adjusting the intensity and frequency of the electromagnetic field, thereby changing the stiffness and damping characteristics of the polyurethane damping block. Specifically, the central control unit 4 can achieve adjustment through the following structural changes: Adjust the characteristics of the magnetic fluid: by controlling the intensity and frequency of the external electromagnetic field, the fluidity and viscosity of the magnetic fluid are changed, thereby adjusting the damping characteristics of the polyurethane damping block; change the configuration of the electromagnetic field: according to the vibration direction and characteristics, optimize the setting of the electromagnetic field to achieve a more effective damping effect; real-time feedback control: combined with historical data, the central control unit 4 can quickly respond to environmental changes and achieve dynamic adjustment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the central control unit 4 realizes the stiffness and damping adjustment in the smart material layer 1 through the following structural changes: distribution and flow of magnetic fluid: the central control unit 4 adjusts the electromagnetic field strength, controls the flow of magnetic fluid in the polyurethane damping block, and changes its viscosity and damping characteristics; state of the hollow spring: different spring stiffnesses are selected according to the vibration characteristics (the spring stiffness inside each polyurethane is different), affecting its ability to respond to vibration; interaction of polyurethane damping blocks: by changing the bonding strength and connection method between the polyurethane damping blocks, its overall stiffness and vibration reduction performance are optimized.

[0035] See also Figure 1 The central control unit 4 is responsible for managing and coordinating the operation of the entire vibration reduction device. The central control unit 4 includes a processing subunit, a receiving subunit and an execution subunit. The processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the execution subunit are integrated in an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is installed on the outer wall of a polyurethane damping block outside the rectangular body; the receiving subunit is communicatively connected to the processing subunit and the sensor unit 5, receives data from the sensor unit and transmits it to the processing subunit for analysis, the processing subunit is communicatively connected to the execution subunit, and the processing subunit transmits the analysis result to the execution subunit, the execution subunit is communicatively connected to the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid, and the execution subunit is responsible for controlling the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid, and transmits the vibration data received from the transmitter unit 5 to the receiving subunit through the receiving subunit for analysis and processing to obtain adjustment parameters, and then transmits them to the execution subunit, and the execution subunit performs real-time control of the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid by adjusting the parameters. The control unit 4 can monitor and adjust the vibration reduction device in real time, and adjust the vibration of the equipment under different working conditions in real time; the processing subunit in the central control unit 4 analyzes the vibration state through the built-in adaptive control algorithm, and according to the changes in the vibration frequency and amplitude, the central control unit 4 dynamically adjusts the stiffness and damping characteristics of the smart material layer 1, that is, the processing subunit uses the built-in adaptive control algorithm to analyze the received vibration data, identify the frequency and amplitude of the current vibration, and obtain the vibration state. The central control unit 4 changes the fluidity of the magnetic fluid by adjusting the intensity and frequency of the electromagnetic field according to the vibration state, thereby adjusting the stiffness and damping characteristics of the polyurethane damping block in real time, and adjusting the weight and position of the adjustable mass block 2, that is, the central control unit 4 can change the weight and position of the adjustable mass block 2 according to the analysis results to optimize the natural frequency of the system and avoid resonance, so as to ensure that the system achieves the best vibration reduction effect under various working conditions.

[0036] The central control unit 4 also includes a history storage subunit, which is communicatively connected to the processing subunit. The history storage subunit stores historical vibration data and exchanges data with external devices through the communication interface of the embedded processor to achieve remote monitoring and diagnosis functions.

[0037] The central control unit 4 also includes a mode adjustment subunit, which communicates with the processing subunit. The mode adjustment subunit has automatic mode and manual mode pre-set in it. The working mode of the central control unit 4 is adjusted by the mode adjustment subunit to adapt to the automatic mode or manual adjustment mode of different working conditions, so as to improve the flexibility and operability of the device.

[0038] See also Figure 1, the adjustable mass block 2 includes a first mass block, a second mass block and a third mass block, the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block are stacked from low to high, the first mass block is a cast iron block, the second mass block is a steel block, and the third mass block is a lead block, wherein the first mass block is fixedly mounted on the top of the rectangular body by bolts, and the adjustable mass block 2 can adjust the resonant frequency of the vibration system by changing its number to cope with the change of the vibration frequency. The adjustment of the mass block is controlled by the central control unit 5 according to the real-time vibration data fed back by the sensor. By changing the weight of the mass block, the device can achieve the best vibration attenuation effect at different working frequencies. This mass adjustment mechanism enables the device to maintain an efficient vibration reduction effect under broadband vibration, and is particularly suitable for applications with a wide range of vibration frequencies and frequent changes, such as automobile suspension systems, machine tool spindle vibration reduction, and seismic vibration reduction of high-rise buildings.

[0039] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The base plate 3 provides a solid supporting structure for the entire device and is the bearing foundation for all other components. The base plate is usually made of high-rigidity, high-damping materials such as steel, aluminum alloy or composite materials to ensure that it can effectively transfer vibration energy to the smart material layer while providing sufficient structural stability. When the base plate 3 is connected to other equipment, it is necessary to consider the mechanical connection method with external equipment or structures, such as fixing with bolts, to ensure that the device can be stably installed on the equipment that requires vibration reduction. In addition, the base plate must also take into account the weight and volume requirements of the vibration reduction device, especially in applications with precision machinery or limited space. The base plate 3 is not only a bridge connecting the system and the vibration source, but also can improve the overall stiffness and durability of the vibration reduction device through design optimization.

[0040] The sensor unit 5 is responsible for real-time monitoring of vibration parameters, including acceleration, displacement, speed and frequency. The sensor unit 5 includes an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor. The accelerometer is installed on the top of the smart material layer 1 to directly monitor the vibration acceleration of the device to obtain real-time vibration state data. The laser displacement sensor is set on the side of the smart material layer 1, mainly used to measure the displacement change of the vibration, provide accurate displacement data, and help analyze the vibration mode. The pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the smart material layer 1 to monitor the pressure change caused by vibration to ensure that the system can respond to changes in the external vibration environment in a timely manner. The accelerometer, laser displacement sensor and pressure sensor are respectively connected to the receiving subunit in the central control unit 4 to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring data. Through the accelerometer, laser displacement sensor or pressure sensor, the device can fully understand the current vibration state, and the sensor unit transmits the collected data to the central control unit 5.

[0041] The adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device proposed in the present invention, through the synergistic effect of the intelligent material layer 1 and the adjustable mass block 2, combined with the real-time monitoring vibration data of the sensor unit 5, the central control unit 4 automatically adjusts the stiffness and damping characteristics of the device to adapt to vibration environments of different frequencies and amplitudes. The device has efficient energy absorption capacity, wide-band adjustment range, and reliable real-time feedback and remote monitoring functions, and is widely applicable to complex vibration control needs in the fields of industry, construction, and transportation. The entire control process relies on the real-time feedback of the sensor unit and the adaptive adjustment of the central control unit. Through this adaptive adjustment, the device can provide efficient and accurate vibration reduction effects under different vibration conditions, and is suitable for environments where the vibration frequency changes frequently and the amplitude is unstable, such as vibration protection of precision equipment and seismic protection of building structures.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the device proposed in the present invention are: adaptive adjustment of stiffness and damping: through the application of the intelligent material layer, the present invention can automatically adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics of the device according to the frequency and amplitude changes of the external vibration, and adapt to different vibration conditions. Compared with the traditional fixed stiffness vibration reduction device, the present invention shows a more efficient vibration suppression effect in a wide-band vibration environment, significantly improving the stability and service life of the system; efficient vibration reduction effect: the present invention adopts an adjustable mass block, and the resonant frequency of the system can be adjusted by adjusting the weight and position of the mass block to avoid the occurrence of vibration resonance, and further improve the vibration reduction effect. Especially in the face of complex multi-frequency vibration, the device can adjust the structural parameters in a targeted manner to achieve the best vibration reduction performance; real-time monitoring and adaptive control: the present invention monitors the vibration environment in real time through the sensor unit, and combined with the intelligent control algorithm of the central control unit, it can quickly respond to external vibration changes and perform adaptive adjustment. This intelligent control improves the response speed and vibration reduction efficiency of the system, ensuring that the device always maintains the best performance in various complex environments; wide scope of application: the present device is suitable for a variety of scenarios and fields, including but not limited to vibration suppression of mechanical equipment, seismic protection of building structures, and vibration reduction optimization of transportation vehicles. The device has a compact structure and is suitable for installation and use in systems with limited space. It also has good reliability and stability. Remote monitoring and data analysis: Through the communication interface of the central control unit, the present invention can realize remote monitoring and data recording functions. Users can remotely monitor and control the operating status of the equipment, which is convenient for maintenance and diagnosis, and reduces failure rate and maintenance costs.

[0043] The present invention also proposes a control method for an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device, which is used to control the above device to perform vibration damping, and specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: The sensor unit monitors the external vibration environment in real time, collects key parameters of vibration, and transmits the key parameters to the central control unit; wherein the key parameters include acceleration, displacement and other data of vibration.

[0044] Step 2: The central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters and determines whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through the built-in control algorithm. That is, when the external vibration frequency, amplitude or vibration mode changes, the central control unit will dynamically adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics of the system according to the preset vibration control model to achieve the best vibration reduction effect, collect data such as the stiffness and damping characteristics of the dynamic adjustment system, and obtain adjustment parameters; Step 3, the central control unit adjusts the external electromagnetic field based on the adjustment parameters to control the stiffness and damping changes of the smart material layer; that is, when the vibration frequency is high, the central control unit increases the stiffness of the smart material layer to cope with high-frequency vibrations, and under low-frequency vibration conditions, it can reduce the stiffness and enhance the damping to maximize the absorption of vibration energy.

[0045] In step 4, the central control unit adjusts the weight and position of the adjustable mass block based on the adjustment parameters to perform shock absorption; that is, when the external vibration frequency is high, the central control unit can increase the mass of the mass block and reduce the natural frequency of the system to avoid resonance; when the vibration frequency is low, the mass block can be lightened to improve the system's response speed to vibration.

[0046] The above method is further explained below in conjunction with a specific embodiment; in this embodiment, the adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device is applied to the active suspension system of the automobile to improve the comfort and safety during driving. The device is installed in the wheel suspension system of the automobile to reduce the vibration caused by uneven road surface by adjusting the system stiffness in real time.

[0047] Step 1: The sensor unit detects the vibration frequency and amplitude of the automobile suspension system under different road conditions in real time, collects key parameters of the vibration, and transmits the key parameters to the central control unit; Step 2: The central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters and determines whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through the built-in control algorithm. That is, when the vibration frequency, amplitude or vibration mode of the automobile suspension system changes, the central control unit dynamically adjusts the stiffness and damping characteristics of the system according to the preset vibration control model to achieve the best vibration reduction effect, collects data such as the stiffness and damping characteristics of the dynamic adjustment system, and obtains the adjustment parameters; Step 3: When it is detected that the vehicle suspension system is subjected to a high vibration frequency, the central control unit increases the stiffness of the smart material layer to cope with the high-frequency vibration. When it is detected that the vehicle suspension system is subjected to a low-frequency vibration, the stiffness can be reduced and the damping can be enhanced to maximize the absorption of vibration energy.

[0048] Step 3, when it is detected that the external vibration frequency of the automobile suspension system is high, the central control unit can increase the mass of the mass block and reduce the natural frequency of the system to avoid resonance; when it is detected that the vibration frequency of the automobile suspension system is low, the mass block can be reduced to improve the system's response speed to vibration.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device, characterized in that: It comprises an intelligent material layer (1), an adjustable mass block (2), a base plate (3), a central control unit (4), and a sensor unit (5); The smart material layer (1) is installed at the center of the base plate (3), the sensor unit (5) is installed on the base plate (3) and the smart material layer (1), the central control unit (4) is installed on the side of the smart material layer (1), and the adjustable mass block (2) is installed on the top of the smart material layer (1); the sensor unit (5) is communicatively connected to the central control unit (4), and the central control unit (4) is communicatively connected to the adjustable mass block (2) and the smart material layer (1).

2. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart material layer (1) comprises a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, the polyurethane damping blocks being mounted on the bottom plate (3), the adjustable mass block (2) being mounted on the top of the polyurethane damping blocks, each of the polyurethane damping blocks being mounted with a hollow spring, the hollow springs being mounted with a magnetic fluid; the polyurethane damping blocks and the magnetic fluids are communicatively connected to a central control unit (4).

3. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the polyurethane damping blocks are arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular body, the bottom of the rectangular body is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (3), and the adjustable mass block (2) is installed on the top of the rectangular body.

4. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central control unit (4) comprises a processing subunit, a receiving subunit and an executing subunit; the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the executing subunit are integrated in an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is mounted on an outer wall of one of the polyurethane damping blocks outside the rectangular body; The receiving subunit is communicatively connected to the processing subunit and the sensor unit (5), the processing subunit is communicatively connected to the execution subunit, and the execution subunit is communicatively connected to the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid.

5. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central control unit (4) further comprises a history storage subunit, the history storage subunit being communicatively connected to the processing subunit, the history storage subunit storing historical vibration data for exchanging data with an external device via the communication interface of the embedded processor.

6. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The central control unit (4) further comprises a mode adjustment subunit, the mode adjustment subunit being communicatively connected to the processing subunit and being used to adjust the working mode of the central control unit (4).

7. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustable mass block (2) comprises a first mass block, a second mass block and a third mass block; the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block are stacked in order from low to high, and the first mass block is fixedly mounted on the top of the rectangular body.

8. The adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor unit (5) comprises an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the smart material layer (1) and the base plate (3); the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the central control unit (4).

9. A method for controlling an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device, for controlling the vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The sensor unit monitors the external vibration environment in real time, collects key parameters of the vibration, and transmits the key parameters to the central control unit; Step 2: The central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters, determines whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through the built-in control algorithm, and obtains the adjustment parameters; Step 3, the central control unit adjusts the external electromagnetic field based on the adjustment parameters to control the stiffness and damping changes of the smart material layer; Step 4: The central control unit adjusts the weight and position of the adjustable mass block based on the adjustment parameters to perform shock absorption.

10. The control method of an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The key parameters include acceleration, displacement, velocity and frequency of vibration.

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