An analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

This invention discloses an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), relating to the field of IoT sensing technology. In this system, an environmental sensor is used to collect analog environmental signals from a target area; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog environmental signals; a host wireless communication module transmits digital environmental signals; a slave wireless communication module receives digital environmental signals; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs analog-to-digital conversion on the digital environmental signals; and an interface module transmits a reconstructed analog environmental signal to an environmental simulation device. The reconstructed analog environmental signal enables the environmental simulation device to match the environmental conditions of the test area with those of the target area. This invention, through precise acquisition, transmission, and reconstruction of analog environmental signals, ensures that the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area remain consistent, allowing the impact of environmental information on testing operations to be understood and controlled intuitively and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) sensing technology, and in particular to an analog signal transmission system based on IoT. Background Technology

[0002] When conducting testing in industrial workshops, outdoor environments, and laboratories, environmental sensors are typically used to monitor environmental information in order to accurately grasp the environmental data and facilitate the smooth progress of the testing operation.

[0003] In traditional testing, environmental information, typically analog signals (such as current or voltage signals), is usually collected using sensors within the testing environment. These analog signals are then transmitted to the operator's equipment via wires. However, if the signal wires are long and have high impedance, the acquired analog signals may attenuate or become distorted, making it impossible to achieve remote, high-precision acquisition and analysis of the detected signals.

[0004] To overcome this problem, the relevant technology employs a solution that uses wireless communication technology to convert analog signals collected by environmental sensors into digital signals and transmits them to the testers. The testers then analyze and process the digital signals.

[0005] However, in many cases, simply analyzing and processing digital signals is not enough to intuitively and accurately understand the impact of environmental information on testing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems and deficiencies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). By accurately acquiring, transmitting, and reproducing environmental analog signals, the system ensures that the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area remain consistent, allowing the impact of environmental information on the test operation to be understood and controlled intuitively and accurately.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), comprising an environmental sensor, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a host wireless communication module, a slave wireless communication module, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), an interface module, and an environmental reconstruction analog signal. The environmental sensor is used to collect environmental analog signals from a target area. The ADC is connected to the environmental sensor and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the environmental analog signals to obtain digital environmental signals. The host wireless communication module is connected to the ADC and transmits the digital environmental signals. The slave wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the host wireless communication module and receives the digital environmental signals. The DAC is connected to the slave wireless communication module and performs digital-to-analog conversion on the digital environmental signals to obtain an environmental reconstruction analog signal. The interface module is connected to the ADC and also to an environmental simulation device in the test area, transmitting the environmental reconstruction analog signal to the environmental simulation device. The environmental reconstruction analog signal is used to enable the environmental simulation device to control the environmental conditions of the test area to match those of the target area.

[0008] This invention, based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology, collects analog signals through environmental sensors, converts them into digital signals via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), transmits them using wireless communication, and then converts them back into analog signals via a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), enabling remote, high-precision signal acquisition and analysis. An interface module transmits the converted analog signals to environmental simulation equipment, allowing the environmental conditions of the test area to accurately simulate the target area. This provides reliable environmental monitoring and control for industrial production, ensuring smooth operation. Thus, this invention, through intuitive analog signal output, allows the impact of environmental information on operations to be directly and accurately understood and controlled. This signal reconstruction and real-time environmental simulation capability highly unifies the laboratory testing environment with the actual application environment, facilitating a direct and accurate understanding of the impact of environmental information on operations. This improves the controllability, reliability, and efficiency of the work environment, ensuring that testing activities can be conducted smoothly, efficiently, and accurately in complex and changing environments.

[0009] In some embodiments, the host wireless communication module includes a first host wireless communication module and a second host wireless communication module, and the slave wireless communication module includes a first slave wireless communication module and a second slave wireless communication module; the first host wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module are connected through a first wireless communication network, or the second host wireless communication module and the second slave wireless communication module are connected through a second wireless communication network; the communication standards of the first wireless communication network and the communication standards of the second wireless communication network are different from each other.

[0010] By integrating two sets of wireless communication modules into the system—namely, a first master wireless communication module and a second master wireless communication module, along with corresponding slave modules—the system's communication reliability and flexibility are significantly improved. By supporting two different wireless communication standards, the system can select the most suitable communication network for data transmission based on the actual communication environment and requirements. This design not only provides communication redundancy, ensuring the continuity of data transmission, but also allows the system to seamlessly switch to another standard when one communication standard encounters interference or failure, thereby optimizing communication efficiency and the overall performance of the system.

[0011] In some embodiments, the system further includes a host control processing module, which is connected between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the host wireless communication module. When the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is lower than a preset communication quality standard, the host control processing module is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module, and the second host wireless communication module is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module through the second wireless communication network.

[0012] The technical solution adopted in the above embodiments, through the introduction of a host control processing module, endows the system with the ability to intelligently switch communication paths. When the communication quality of the first wireless communication network drops below a preset standard, this module can automatically switch the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module and continue transmission through the second wireless communication network. This intelligent switching mechanism significantly improves the reliability of data transmission, ensures the integrity and accuracy of critical environmental data, and maintains the efficient operation of the system even in environments with unstable communication conditions.

[0013] In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to acquire communication quality parameters of the first wireless communication network, determine the communication quality assessment result of the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality parameters and communication quality standards, and determine whether to transmit environmental digital signals through the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality assessment result.

[0014] By employing the technical solution of the above embodiments, the system's adaptability and communication efficiency are further enhanced by enabling the host control processing module to acquire and evaluate communication quality parameters. The module can monitor key parameters such as signal strength, bit error rate, and packet loss rate of the first wireless communication network in real time, and intelligently decide whether to continue sending data through the current network based on comparisons of these parameters with preset communication quality standards. This real-time evaluation and decision-making mechanism allows the system to dynamically adjust communication strategies and optimize data transmission paths, thereby improving the utilization rate of communication resources while ensuring data transmission quality.

[0015] In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to acquire environmental information changes in the target area and control the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensors according to the environmental information changes.

[0016] By employing the technical solution of the above embodiments, the data acquisition process is optimized by allowing the host control processing module to dynamically adjust the acquisition frequency of the environmental sensors according to changes in environmental information in the target area. This dynamic adjustment strategy enables the system to increase the acquisition frequency when environmental changes are drastic to capture more details, and decrease the acquisition frequency when the environment is stable to save energy and storage resources. This not only improves the efficiency and quality of data acquisition but also allows the system to respond more flexibly to different monitoring needs. In some embodiments, the host control processing module is also used to encrypt the environmental digital signals to obtain encrypted environmental digital signals.

[0017] By integrating encryption processing functionality into the host control and processing module, the technical solution described in the above embodiments significantly improves the system's data security. By encrypting environmental digital signals, the system ensures that data during transmission is not accessed or tampered with without authorization, thereby protecting the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive environmental data. This encryption mechanism is particularly important for applications requiring high security, such as military, medical, or critical infrastructure monitoring.

[0018] In some embodiments, the host control processing module is further configured to filter the environmental digital signal to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.

[0019] The technical solution described in the above embodiments improves the quality of environmental digital signals by introducing a filtering function into the host control processing module. By filtering the signals, the system can remove noise and interference, extracting more accurate and stable data, thus providing a more reliable foundation for subsequent data analysis and decision-making. This filtering process not only optimizes data quality but also enhances the system's adaptability to complex environmental changes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the system further includes a relay module connected between the first master wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module. The relay module is used to amplify the environmental digital signal before transmitting it to the first slave wireless communication module.

[0021] By employing the technical solution described in the above embodiments and adding a relay module to the system, the coverage of the wireless communication network is effectively extended, and the signal transmission capability is enhanced. The relay module can receive, amplify, and forward environmental digital signals, thereby overcoming the attenuation and interference problems that wireless signals may encounter during transmission. This relay mechanism is particularly suitable for application scenarios with complex geographical environments or long communication distances, ensuring the continuity and reliability of data transmission.

[0022] In some embodiments, the system further includes a slave control processing module connected between the slave wireless communication module and the digital-to-analog converter module, used to control the transmission of environmental digital signals.

[0023] By adopting the technical solution of the above embodiments, a control processing module is introduced into the slave unit, enabling precise control of the environmental digital signal transmission process. This module is not only responsible for receiving and processing signals from the slave wireless communication module, but also for controlling the digital-to-analog conversion module based on the processing results, ensuring the accuracy of the environmental analog signal reproduction. This control mechanism improves the system's management and optimization capabilities for the data transmission process, allowing the system to more flexibly adapt to different application requirements.

[0024] In some embodiments, the system further includes an analog-to-digital sampling module, which is connected to the interface module and the slave control processing module respectively. The analog-to-digital sampling module is used to acquire the analog sampling signal at the interface module and convert the analog sampling signal into a digital sampling signal. The slave control processing module is also used to perform compensation processing on the environmental analog signal based on the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.

[0025] By integrating an analog-to-digital sampling module into the system, the technical solution described in the above embodiment achieves high-precision acquisition and digitization of analog sampling signals at the interface module. This module not only acquires analog sampling signals but also converts them into digital sampling signals for further analysis and compensation by the slave control processing module. This high-precision sampling and digitization mechanism enables the system to more accurately simulate and control the environmental conditions of the test area, improving the accuracy and reliability of environmental simulation.

[0026] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0027] 1. Enhanced Communication Reliability and Flexibility: By introducing a dual wireless communication module and relay module design, the system's communication reliability is significantly improved. By configuring two sets of wireless communication modules and relay modules with different communication standards, the system can intelligently switch to a better communication path based on real-time communication quality assessment, ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission under varying environmental conditions.

[0028] 2. Optimized Data Acquisition and Processing: This invention can dynamically adjust the sensor's acquisition frequency and data filtering based on changes in environmental information and real-time feedback on communication quality. This intelligent data acquisition strategy not only improves data accuracy and real-time performance but also optimizes the system's overall energy consumption and processing efficiency by reducing unnecessary data transmission.

[0029] 3. Enhanced Data Security and Simulation Accuracy: Data transmission security has been strengthened, and the accuracy of analog signals has been improved. Data encryption is implemented in the host control processing module to ensure the security of transmitted data. Simultaneously, through compensation processing by the analog-to-digital sampling module and the slave control processing module, the system can accurately simulate the environmental conditions of the target area, providing strong technical support for high-precision environmental monitoring and control. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition of the host wireless communication module and the slave wireless communication module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is another analog signal transmission system architecture diagram based on the Internet of Things according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The terminology used in the following embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the invention, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in the invention refers to any or all possible combinations comprising one or more of the listed items.

[0035] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0036] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "connection" in the embodiments of the present invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components; it can be a wired communication connection or a wireless communication connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0037] This invention provides an analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), which makes the acquisition, conversion, transmission, and reconstruction of environmental data more efficient and accurate. This embodiment converts analog signals captured by environmental sensors into digital signals, overcoming the distance limitations and signal attenuation problems of traditional wired transmission methods using wireless communication technology, ensuring the stability and reliability of data transmission. The digital signals are then converted back into analog signals, facilitating intuitive and precise control of the test area's environment. By accurately acquiring, transmitting, and reconstructing environmental analog signals, this embodiment ensures that the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area remain consistent, allowing the impact of environmental information on testing operations to be understood and controlled intuitively and accurately.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things in this embodiment includes an environmental sensor 101, an analog-to-digital conversion module 102, a host wireless communication module 103, a slave wireless communication module 201, a digital-to-analog conversion module 202, and an interface module 203.

[0039] The environmental sensor 101 is used to collect analog environmental signals of the target area.

[0040] Specifically, environmental sensor 101 is deployed within the target area to monitor and capture key environmental parameters in real time, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and gas concentration. It converts these physical quantities into measurable analog signals, forming environmental analog signals that provide raw input for subsequent data processing and environmental control. These analog signals can be in the form of continuously varying voltages or currents, typically using standard industrial signals such as 4-20mA current signals or 0-10V voltage signals to ensure compatibility and accuracy with existing industrial automation systems. By accurately acquiring these analog signals, environmental sensor 101 provides the entire IoT system with fundamental data for monitoring environmental conditions, enabling the system to respond and adjust promptly to environmental changes.

[0041] The analog-to-digital converter module 102 is connected to the environmental sensor 101 and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the environmental analog signal to obtain the environmental digital signal.

[0042] The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module 102, a key component connecting the environmental sensor 101, is responsible for accurately converting the continuous analog signal detected by the sensor into a discrete digital signal. This process involves sampling, quantizing, and encoding the analog signal to generate corresponding digital values, which can then be used for digital processing and analysis. Through analog-to-digital conversion, the system can transform subtle changes in analog signals into a format that can be processed by digital electronic devices, thereby enabling further data transmission, storage, and analysis, providing an accurate digital foundation for Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

[0043] The host wireless communication module 103 is connected to the analog-to-digital converter module 102 and is used to transmit ambient digital signals.

[0044] The host wireless communication module 103, as a key transmission component within the system, is closely connected to the analog-to-digital converter module 102 and is responsible for transmitting the converted digital signal wirelessly. It employs wireless communication technologies such as LoRa (Long Range Radio), Wi-Fi, or cellular networks to ensure that the signal can be transmitted stably and efficiently to the remote receiving device without a physical connection, thereby enabling remote data communication and monitoring.

[0045] The slave wireless communication module 201 is connected to the host wireless communication module 103 for receiving environmental digital signals.

[0046] The slave wireless communication module 201 is deployed at the end that needs to receive data, establishing a communication connection with the host wireless communication module 103. Its main task is to accurately receive environmental digital signals transmitted from the host. This module has efficient signal reception capabilities and strong anti-interference performance, ensuring stable reception of data sent by the host under various environmental conditions, providing a reliable information source for subsequent data processing and decision-making.

[0047] The digital-to-analog converter module 202 is connected to the slave wireless communication module 201 and is used to perform digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environmental digital signal to obtain the environmental reconstruction analog signal.

[0048] The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) module 202 is connected to the slave wireless communication module 201 and is responsible for converting the received environmental digital signals back to their original analog form. This conversion process is the reverse of analog-to-digital conversion, involving converting digital values ​​back into continuous voltage or current signals to obtain analog signals that match the original environmental parameters. The accuracy of the DAC module 202 is crucial for maintaining the integrity and accuracy of the signal, ensuring that the analog signal can truly reflect the environmental state for use by subsequent control equipment or monitoring systems, enabling precise control and feedback of environmental conditions.

[0049] The interface module 203 is connected to the digital-to-analog conversion module 202 and to the environmental simulation equipment in the test area, and is used to transmit the environmental simulation signal to the environmental simulation equipment.

[0050] As a crucial component of the system, interface module 203 is responsible for accurately transmitting the analog signal output from digital-to-analog converter 202 to the environmental simulation equipment within the test area. It acts as a bridge between the digital processing world and the analog equipment, ensuring the integrity and stability of the signal during transmission. This allows the environmental simulation equipment to accurately simulate the environmental conditions of the target area based on the received analog signal, thus providing the necessary environmental conditions for industrial production, scientific research testing, or other applications. Through this precise signal transmission and simulation, interface module 203 enables the entire system to effectively control and reproduce complex environmental conditions.

[0051] In this embodiment, the environmental simulation signal is used to match the environmental conditions of the test area controlled by the environmental simulation equipment with those of the target area.

[0052] The environmental simulation signal, obtained through digital-to-analog conversion, guides environmental simulation equipment to precisely adjust environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity in the test area, making it as close as possible to the environmental conditions of the target area. This signal ensures that the test area can simulate and reproduce environmental conditions similar to the target area, which is crucial for fields such as product testing, environmental science research, and agricultural experiments.

[0053] This embodiment's analog signal transmission system is based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It collects analog signals through an environmental sensor 101, converts them into digital signals via an analog-to-digital converter 102, transmits them using wireless communication technology, and finally restores them to analog signals through a digital-to-analog converter 202, achieving remote, high-precision signal acquisition and analysis. The interface module 203 transmits the restored analog signals to environmental simulation equipment, enabling the environmental conditions of the test area to accurately simulate the target area. This provides reliable environmental monitoring and control for industrial production, ensuring smooth operation. Therefore, this embodiment not only reduces wiring requirements and lowers system deployment and maintenance costs through wireless transmission, but also ensures consistency between the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area by collecting and restoring environmental analog signals, allowing the impact of environmental information on testing operations to be understood and controlled intuitively and accurately.

[0054] This embodiment possesses the ability to losslessly restore analog signals and simulate the environment in real time. It can highly unify the environment of the test area with the target environment of the actual application, which is conducive to intuitively and accurately grasping the impact of environmental information on the test operation. It improves the controllability, reliability and efficiency of the test area environment, and ensures that testing or other operations can be carried out smoothly, efficiently and accurately in complex and ever-changing environments.

[0055] The transmission system described in this embodiment can be widely applied in various fields such as industrial automation, environmental monitoring, and scientific research experiments, promoting the innovation and development of related technologies.

[0056] The technical solution of this embodiment will be illustrated below with a specific application scenario example:

[0057] In the field of environmental science research, especially in ecology and climatology, accurate simulation of the natural environment is crucial for understanding biological responses and climate patterns.

[0058] In one experimental scenario, researchers need to accurately simulate an outdoor forest environment in an indoor laboratory (test area) to study the adaptability of specific plants to changes in temperature and humidity. In the outdoor forest (target area), a series of environmental sensors 101 are deployed. These sensors are responsible for collecting key analog environmental signals in real time, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil moisture. These analog signals are then converted into digital environmental signals by an analog-to-digital converter 102 and transmitted to a receiving device in the laboratory via a host wireless communication module 103.

[0059] In the laboratory (test area), the slave wireless communication module 201 receives environmental digital signals collected outdoors and transmits them to the digital-to-analog converter module 202, which is responsible for converting the environmental digital signals back into environmental simulation signals. These environmental simulation signals are then transmitted through the interface module 203 to indoor environmental simulation equipment, such as precision thermostats, humidity controllers, and artificial lighting systems, to accurately simulate the microclimate changes in the outdoor forest.

[0060] In this way, the environmental conditions in the laboratory can be precisely adjusted to match the real-time environmental conditions of the outdoor forest, thus providing plants with a growth environment that is almost identical to the natural environment.

[0061] The application of this analog signal transmission system not only improves the accuracy and reliability of experiments but also provides researchers with a controllable experimental platform, enabling them to conduct environmental simulation experiments anytime, anywhere. Furthermore, the system reduces wiring requirements through wireless communication technology, enhancing its flexibility and scalability. This technology allows researchers to gain a deeper understanding of plant responses to environmental changes, providing valuable data and insights for ecological conservation and biodiversity research.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the host wireless communication module 103 includes a first host wireless communication module 1031 and a second host wireless communication module 1032, and the slave wireless communication module 201 includes a first slave wireless communication module 2011 and a second slave wireless communication module 2012; the first host wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011 are connected through a first wireless communication network, or the second host wireless communication module 1032 and the second slave wireless communication module 2012 are connected through a second wireless communication network; the communication standards of the first wireless communication network and the communication standards of the second wireless communication network are different from each other.

[0063] In this embodiment, the host wireless communication module 103 adopts a dual-module redundancy design, including a first host wireless communication module 1031 and a second host wireless communication module 1032, to enhance the reliability and flexibility of communication. Similarly, the slave wireless communication module 201 also includes a first slave wireless communication module 2011 and a second slave wireless communication module 2012, which are paired with their respective host modules for use.

[0064] Specifically, the first host wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011 can both adopt LoRa modules, and the second host wireless communication module 1032 and the second slave wireless communication module 2012 can both adopt 4G Cat-1 wireless cellular communication modules.

[0065] This design allows the system to dynamically switch between a primary wireless communication network (e.g., using LoRa technology) and a secondary wireless communication network (e.g., using cellular network technologies, including 4G, 5G, etc.) based on the actual communication environment and requirements. The primary and secondary wireless communication networks employ different communication standards, enabling the system to seamlessly switch to the other network when one network encounters problems or fails to meet specific needs, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of data transmission. This multi-network, multi-standard communication strategy significantly improves the system's adaptability and robustness, enabling it to cope with various complex communication challenges.

[0066] In some embodiments, the system further includes a host control processing module 104, which is connected between the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 and the host wireless communication module 103. When the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is lower than a preset communication quality standard, the host control processing module 104 is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module 1032. The second host wireless communication module 1032 is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module 2012 through the second wireless communication network.

[0067] In this system, the host control processing module 104 acts as an intelligent decision-maker, located between the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 and the host wireless communication module 103. It is responsible for real-time monitoring of the communication quality of the first wireless communication network. Once the communication quality is detected to have dropped below a preset standard—for example, due to weak signal, high interference, or increased data packet loss—the host control processing module 104 automatically switches the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module 1032. Subsequently, the second host wireless communication module 1032 utilizes the second wireless communication network, employing different communication standards or frequency bands, to stably transmit the signal to the second slave wireless communication module 2012, ensuring reliable transmission and reception of the environmental digital signal.

[0068] This intelligent switching mechanism significantly improves the system's adaptability and robustness in the face of complex and ever-changing communication environments, ensuring the real-time nature and accuracy of critical environmental data, which is crucial for maintaining the continuity and stability of industrial production and environmental monitoring.

[0069] For example, in a field environmental monitoring project, such as monitoring the ecology of a distant forest, the host control processing module 104 is responsible for processing analog signals from environmental sensors 101. When the digital signals transmitted by these sensors through the analog-to-digital converter module 102 encounter signal attenuation or interference from natural terrain in a first wireless communication network (e.g., a LoRa network), the host control processing module 104 detects a decline in communication quality.

[0070] If the communication quality falls below a preset threshold, the host control processing module 104 will immediately activate an intelligent switching mechanism, transferring the digital signal transmission task to the second host wireless communication module 1032. This second host wireless communication module 1032 may be configured to use more stable satellite communication or a more interference-resistant 4G network to ensure that forest environmental data can be reliably transmitted to the monitoring center. This intelligent switching ensures that critical environmental monitoring data can be accurately received and analyzed even under harsh field conditions.

[0071] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 may use a high-performance MCU (Microcontroller Unit) as the core processing unit. This MCU has powerful data processing capabilities and flexible control functions. It is responsible for receiving and processing environmental digital signals from the analog-to-digital conversion module 102 in real time, and intelligently deciding whether to switch to the second host wireless communication module 1032 for signal transmission based on the quality status of the first wireless communication network, so as to ensure that the entire system can operate stably and reliably in various communication environments.

[0072] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to acquire communication quality parameters of the first wireless communication network, determine the communication quality assessment result of the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality parameters and communication quality standards, and determine whether to transmit environmental digital signals through the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality assessment result.

[0073] Specifically, the host control processing module 104 actively monitors the performance of the first wireless communication network through built-in diagnostic tools and communication protocols, and obtains key communication quality parameters in real time, such as signal strength, bit error rate, and packet loss rate.

[0074] The host control processing module 104, through tight integration with the wireless communication module, utilizes the application programming interface (API) provided by the wireless module or executes specific diagnostic commands to query real-time signal strength indicators, such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). Simultaneously, the module implements error detection algorithms, such as Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), to examine received data packets, identifying and calculating possible erroneous bits during transmission to derive the bit error rate. Furthermore, the host control processing module 104 deploys a data packet transmission and acknowledgment mechanism, monitoring and recording data packet loss by tracking the differences between sent data packets and actual received acknowledgments (ACKs), thereby calculating the data packet loss rate. These comprehensive monitoring methods enable the host control processing module 104 to accurately assess the communication quality of the wireless network, providing reliable data support for system decision-making.

[0075] Then, these communication quality parameters are analyzed and compared with preset communication quality standards. Based on the comparison results, the communication quality evaluation results of the first wireless communication network can be obtained.

[0076] Subsequently, the host control processing module 104 will take corresponding actions based on the communication quality assessment results. If the assessment results indicate that the current network's communication quality meets the preset quality standards, namely, stable signal strength, low bit error rate, and acceptable packet loss rate, the host control processing module 104 will decide to transmit the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network. Conversely, if the communication quality assessment results indicate that the communication quality is substandard, a preset switching mechanism will be activated to automatically select the second wireless communication network or other backup network path to transmit data, thereby ensuring the reliability and timeliness of data transmission and avoiding information loss or errors due to communication quality problems.

[0077] This intelligent decision-making process enhances the system's robustness, ensures the effective transmission of critical environmental data, and maintains the system's efficient operation even under unstable communication conditions.

[0078] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to acquire environmental information changes in the target area and control the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor 101 according to the environmental information changes.

[0079] The environmental information changes can include the trends and rates of change of environmental parameters (such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity). The host control and processing module 104 analyzes the data received from the environmental sensor 101 to analyze these environmental changes. Based on these analysis results, the host control and processing module 104 dynamically adjusts the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor 101 to optimize the efficiency and quality of data collection. For example, when environmental changes are drastic, the acquisition frequency is increased to capture more subtle changes; while when the environment is stable, the acquisition frequency is reduced to save energy and system resources. This intelligent adjustment mechanism enables the system to respond more flexibly and efficiently to different monitoring needs, while ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of the data.

[0080] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 can also dynamically adjust the sampling frequency of the environmental sensor 101 based on the energy consumption of the environmental sensor 101 and the data value of each environmental parameter.

[0081] The host control processing module 104 determines the optimal acquisition frequency for each environmental sensor 101 based on the energy consumed during data acquisition and the relative importance of the acquired data. For environmental sensors 101 that consume less energy but provide critical data, the host control processing module 104 may increase their acquisition frequency to ensure data continuity and accuracy; conversely, for environmental sensors 101 that consume more energy but provide relatively low-value data, the acquisition frequency will be reduced to decrease energy consumption and extend the sensor's lifespan. This strategy aims to optimize the overall system's energy efficiency while ensuring the availability of critical data and the overall system performance.

[0082] Specifically, the impact of each environmental parameter on the test results can be determined based on the testing operation, thereby determining the importance of each data point. This process involves sensitivity analysis of the test results when different environmental parameters change, to quantify the specific contribution of each parameter to the final test effectiveness. Based on these analysis results, the importance of each environmental parameter can be ranked, thus providing a basis for dynamically adjusting the data collection frequency and resource allocation.

[0083] For example, in the automotive industry, durability testing of new vehicles may require monitoring various environmental parameters, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and salt spray, to assess their impact on paint corrosion and material aging. By designing a series of accelerated aging tests, testers can vary these environmental parameters while monitoring changes in the performance of the paint and materials. Statistical analyses, such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) or regression analysis, can identify which parameters have a significant impact on material performance degradation. If the analysis shows that temperature and humidity are the main factors affecting paint corrosion, the system will increase the sampling frequency of temperature and humidity sensors during actual testing to more closely monitor changes in these key parameters, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. This approach allows testing resources to be focused on the most critical environmental factors, improving testing efficiency and data relevance.

[0084] In some embodiments, in order to dynamically adjust the acquisition frequency based on the energy consumption of the environmental sensor 101 and the data value of each environmental parameter, the host control processing module 104 can implement the following algorithm:

[0085] 1. Define parameters:

[0086] P i Energy consumption of the i-th environmental sensor 101 (e.g., expressed as energy consumption rate).

[0087] V j : The data value score of the j-th environmental parameter.

[0088] F j(t): The rate of change of the j-th environmental parameter at time t.

[0089] T j : The current acquisition frequency of the j-th environmental parameter.

[0090] 2. Initialization:

[0091] Set initial energy consumption and data value scores for each environmental sensor 101 and environmental parameter; determine the initial acquisition frequency.

[0092] 3. Dynamic adjustment algorithm:

[0093] 3.1) For each environmental parameter j, calculate its dynamic score V, which represents its data value. j (t):

[0094] V j (t)=V j ×α×F j (t);

[0095] Here, α is an adjustment coefficient used to adjust the data value according to the rate of change of environmental parameters.

[0096] 3.2) Calculate the weighted score W based on data value and sensor energy consumption:

[0097]

[0098] Here, ∈ is a small constant that prevents the denominator from being zero.

[0099] 3.2) Adjust the sampling frequency T according to the weighted score. j (t):

[0100] T j (t+1)=T j (t)×(1+β×(W j (t)-1);

[0101] Where β is the adjustment rate coefficient, which is used to control the adjustment speed of the acquisition frequency.

[0102] 4. Updates and iterations:

[0103] V is updated based on the latest environmental and energy consumption data at each time period. j (t) and T j (t). Repeat step 3 until the system shuts down or the conditions change.

[0104] In this embodiment, the algorithm optimizes data collection efficiency and energy consumption by dynamically adjusting the acquisition frequency. By considering the rate of change of environmental parameters, the algorithm can increase the acquisition frequency for rapidly changing environmental parameters and decrease the acquisition frequency for stable parameters. The adjustment coefficients α and β in the algorithm can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario to adapt to different performance requirements.

[0105] This algorithm provides a flexible and efficient method for dynamically adjusting the acquisition frequency based on the energy consumption and data value of the environmental sensor 101, thereby optimizing energy use and system performance while ensuring data quality.

[0106] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to encrypt the environmental digital signal to obtain an encrypted environmental digital signal.

[0107] Specifically, before transmitting the environmental digital signal, the host control processing module 104 encrypts it using an advanced encryption algorithm. This process involves encoding the data with a key to ensure that only the recipient with the correct key can decrypt and access the original data. The module may employ a symmetric encryption algorithm (such as AES) or an asymmetric encryption algorithm (such as RSA), depending on the system's security requirements and resource constraints. Encryption not only protects the transmitted data from unauthorized access and tampering but also enhances the data security of the entire IoT system. After encryption, the resulting encrypted environmental digital signal is securely transmitted to the designated receiving device via the wireless communication module, ensuring the confidentiality of sensitive information and the integrity of the system.

[0108] In some embodiments, the host control processing module 104 is further configured to filter the environmental digital signal to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.

[0109] The host control and processing module 104 possesses digital signal processing capabilities. It uses specific algorithms to filter environmental digital signals to eliminate noise and interference, improving signal accuracy and reliability. This process involves applying digital filtering techniques such as low-pass filters, high-pass filters, or band-pass filters to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal based on system requirements and environmental characteristics. After filtering, the resulting environmental digital signal is more stable and closer to the real-world environment, providing higher-quality data support for subsequent data analysis and decision-making.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the system also includes a relay module 301, which is connected between the first host wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011. The relay module 301 is used to enhance the environmental digital signal before transmitting it to the first slave wireless communication module 2011.

[0111] In this embodiment, to enhance signal transmission and expand communication coverage, a relay module 301 is specifically designed and positioned on the communication path between the first host wireless communication module 1031 and the first slave wireless communication module 2011. The function of the relay module 301 is to receive, amplify, and retransmit the environmental digital signals sent by the host wireless communication module 103. This ensures that even if the signal is attenuated or interfered with by obstacles during transmission, the amplification effect of the relay module 301 maintains its strength and quality, thereby effectively transmitting it to the first slave wireless communication module 2011. This relay mechanism significantly improves communication reliability, making it particularly suitable for applications with complex geographical environments or long communication distances, ensuring stable operation of the entire system in various environments.

[0112] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the system also includes a slave control processing module 204, which is connected between the slave wireless communication module 201 and the digital-to-analog converter module 202, and is used to control the transmission of environmental digital signals.

[0113] In this embodiment, the slave control processing module 204 plays a crucial intermediary role, located on the transmission link between the slave wireless communication module 201 and the digital-to-analog converter module 202. This module is responsible for performing necessary processing and control on the received environmental digital signals, including but not limited to signal decoding, verification, and further optimization and adjustment of the signals when necessary.

[0114] Furthermore, the slave control processing module 204 is also responsible for managing and coordinating the signal transmission process, ensuring that data received by the slave wireless communication module 201 is accurately transmitted to the digital-to-analog converter module 202 and ultimately converted into analog signals for controlling the environmental conditions of the test area. Through this precise control, the slave control processing module 204 improves the efficiency and accuracy of data transmission, ensuring the accuracy and response speed of the entire system in environmental simulation.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the system also includes an analog-to-digital sampling module 205, which is connected to the interface module 203 and the slave control processing module 204 respectively. The analog-to-digital sampling module 205 is used to acquire the analog sampling signal at the interface module 203 and convert the analog sampling signal into a digital sampling signal. The slave control processing module 204 is also used to perform compensation processing on the environmental analog signal based on the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.

[0116] The analog-to-digital sampling module 205 is responsible for capturing and digitizing the analog sampling signals at the interface module 203 in real time. Through a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion process, the analog-to-digital sampling module 205 converts the continuous analog sampling signals into discrete digital sampling signals, facilitating further processing and analysis by the digital system. The converted digital sampling signals are then transmitted to the slave control processing module 204.

[0117] After receiving the digital sampling signal, the slave control processing module 204 compares and analyzes it with the original environmental digital signal to identify the differences between the two. Using a preset data processing algorithm, the slave control processing module 204 can accurately calculate the necessary compensation values, which reflect the adjustments required from the original environment to the test environment. Subsequently, the module applies these compensation values ​​to the environmental reconstruction analog signal, adjusting the signal's amplitude, phase, or other relevant parameters to ensure that the final output environmental reconstruction analog signal remains essentially consistent with the environmental analog signal acquired by the environmental sensor 101, thus accurately reproducing and replicating the target environmental conditions.

[0118] This compensation process not only improves the accuracy of the analog signal, but also enhances the system's adaptability and control precision under different environmental conditions, thereby enabling the environmental conditions of the test area to more realistically simulate the target area and providing reliable environmental conditions for various tests and research.

[0119] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the analog signal transmission system can be divided into a master unit 100 and a slave unit 200. The master unit 100 includes an environmental sensor 101, an analog-to-digital converter module 102, a master control processing module 104, and a master wireless communication module 103. The slave unit 200 includes a slave wireless communication module 201, a slave control processing module 204, a digital-to-analog converter module 202, an interface module 203, and an analog-to-digital sampling module 205. The master unit 100 and the slave unit 200 are connected via a relay module 301.

[0120] Because the environmental sensor 101 of the host unit 100 collects data in real time from the nearest location, the collected data is very accurate. The collected data is then transmitted wirelessly. Data transmission between the host unit 100 and the slave unit 200 is achieved through wireless modules (host wireless communication module 103 and slave wireless communication module 201) transmitting data packets. The data is encrypted and verified before being sent as data packets, and the receiving unit also decrypts and verifies the received data packets.

[0121] In addition, if there is occasional data packet loss, the system will also activate a retransmission mechanism to ensure the correctness of the data. Therefore, the collected data and the restored data are very accurate.

[0122] The slave unit can restore analog quantities. Since the standard analog quantity data (environmental analog quantity data) that needs to be restored is already known, if a deviation is found in the data in the feedback acquisition section, reverse digital compensation can be performed in real time to ensure that the restored data can achieve very high accuracy and ensure that the environmental conditions of the test area and the target area are basically consistent.

[0123] In complex industrial or research environments, multiple analog signal transmission systems can be deployed, each equipped with a unique identification ID. This design allows multiple devices to operate in parallel on the same site, while each maintains its independence, using its own ID for identification and data transmission during wireless communication. This ensures the accuracy of data transmission and the stability of the system, avoiding data crosstalk between different devices. Even in complex electromagnetic environments or densely populated areas, each system can maintain efficient operation, independently collecting and processing its own environmental data without interference. Furthermore, data encryption enables independent communication for each device, allowing multiple devices to operate independently without data interference between them.

[0124] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An analog signal transmission system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: Environmental sensors are used to collect analog environmental signals from a target area. An analog-to-digital conversion module, connected to the environmental sensor, is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the environmental analog signal to obtain an environmental digital signal; The host wireless communication module is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module and is used to transmit the environmental digital signals; The slave wireless communication module is communicatively connected to the host wireless communication module and is used to receive the environmental digital signals; A digital-to-analog converter module, connected to the slave wireless communication module, is used to perform digital-to-analog conversion processing on the environmental digital signal to obtain an environmental reconstruction analog signal; An interface module is connected to the digital-to-analog conversion module and to the environmental simulation equipment in the test area, used to transmit the environmental simulation signal to the environmental simulation equipment. The environmental simulation signal is used to enable the environmental simulation device to control the environmental conditions of the test area to match those of the target area. The host wireless communication module includes a first host wireless communication module and a second host wireless communication module, and the slave wireless communication module includes a first slave wireless communication module and a second slave wireless communication module; the first host wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module are connected through a first wireless communication network, or the second host wireless communication module and the second slave wireless communication module are connected through a second wireless communication network; the communication standards of the first wireless communication network and the communication standards of the second wireless communication network are different from each other; A host control processing module is connected between the analog-to-digital conversion module and the host wireless communication module. When the communication quality of the first wireless communication network is lower than a preset communication quality standard, the host control processing module is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second host wireless communication module. The second host wireless communication module is used to transmit the environmental digital signal to the second slave wireless communication module through the second wireless communication network. The host control and processing module is also used to dynamically adjust the sampling frequency of the environmental sensor based on the energy consumption of the environmental sensor and the data value of each environmental parameter, specifically through the following algorithm: V j (t)=V j ×α×F j (t); T j (t+1)=T j (t)×(1+β×(W j (t)-1)); Where j represents the index number of the environment parameter, P i Let V be the energy consumption of the i-th environmental sensor. j To score the data value of the j-th environmental parameter, F j (t) represents the rate of change of the j-th environmental parameter at time t, where T j Let T be the current sampling frequency of the j-th environmental parameter. j (t) represents the sampling frequency at time t, where T j (t+1) represents the sampling frequency at time t+1, V j (t) is the dynamic score at time t, W j (t) is the weighted fraction of time t; α is the adjustment factor used to adjust the data value according to the rate of change of environmental parameters; β is the adjustment rate coefficient, used to control the adjustment speed of the acquisition frequency; ∈ is a small constant used to prevent the denominator from being zero.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host control processing module is further configured to acquire the communication quality parameters of the first wireless communication network, determine the communication quality assessment result of the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality parameters and the communication quality standard, and determine whether to transmit the environmental digital signal through the first wireless communication network based on the communication quality assessment result.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host control processing module is also used to acquire environmental information changes in the target area and control the signal acquisition frequency of the environmental sensor according to the environmental information changes.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host control processing module is also used to encrypt the environmental digital signal to obtain an encrypted environmental digital signal.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host control processing module is also used to filter the environmental digital signal to obtain a filtered environmental digital signal.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a relay module connected between the first host wireless communication module and the first slave wireless communication module. The relay module is used to amplify the environmental digital signal before transmitting it to the first slave wireless communication module.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a slave control processing module, which is connected between the slave wireless communication module and the digital-to-analog conversion module, and is used to control the transmission of the environmental digital signals.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an analog-to-digital sampling module, which is connected to the interface module and the slave control processing module respectively. The analog-to-digital sampling module is used to acquire the analog sampling signal at the interface module and convert the analog sampling signal into a digital sampling signal. The slave control processing module is also used to perform compensation processing on the environmental restored analog signal based on the digital sampling signal and the environmental digital signal.

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