CORESET arrangements for narrowband new radios

Abstract

Various techniques are provided for a method that includes triggering, by a user equipment (UE), a resource block (RB) offset allocation determination, detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a primary information block (MIB) of a PBCH of the SSB, and determining, by the UE, a resource block (RB) offset allocation determination. An RB offset is determined by the UE based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset, and a control resource set (CORESET) frequency location is determined by the UE based on the RB offset.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to wireless communications. Background Art

[0002] A communication system may be a facility that enables communication between two or more nodes or devices, such as fixed or mobile communication devices. Signals may be transmitted over wired or wireless carriers.

[0003] An example of a cellular communication system is an architecture standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The latest development in this field is generally referred to as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) radio access technology. E-UTRA (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) is the air interface of the 3GPP's Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. In LTE, a base station or access point (AP) referred to as an enhanced node AP (eNB) provides wireless access within a coverage area or cell. In LTE, a mobile device or mobile station is referred to as a user equipment (UE). LTE includes many improvements or developments. Various aspects of LTE are also constantly improving.

[0004] 5G New Radio (NR) development is part of the ongoing mobile broadband evolution process to meet the requirements of 5G, similar to the earlier evolution of 3G and 4G wireless networks. In addition to mobile broadband, 5G targets emerging use cases. One goal of 5G is to provide significant improvements in wireless performance, which can include new levels of data rates, latency, reliability, and security. 5G NR can also be extended to efficiently connect the massive Internet of Things (IoT) and can provide new types of mission-critical services. For example, ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) devices may require high reliability and very low latency. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to example embodiments, an apparatus, a system, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (having a computer-executable program code stored thereon, the computer-executable program code being executable on a computer system), and / or a method may perform a process according to example embodiments, the process comprising determining a control resource set (CORESET) frequency location based on a punctured synchronization signal block. A method may include triggering a resource block (RB) offset allocation determination by a user equipment (UE), detecting at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB) by the UE, reading a PBCH parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of the SSB by the UE, determining an RB offset by the UE based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset, and determining a control resource set (CORESET) frequency location by the UE based on the RB offset.

[0006] Implementations may include one or more of the following features. For example, the PBCH parameter may be a subcarrier offset (k_SSB). The triggering of the RB offset allocation determination may be based on a predefined synchronization grid point. The triggering of the RB offset allocation determination may be based on a radio frequency (RF) channel. The RB offset may be the difference between the low edge of one of the PSS or SSS and the low edge of the CORESET. The RB offset may be the difference between the low edge of the SSB and the low edge of the CORESET.

[0007] The PBCH parameter may be k_SSB, and the RB offset may be determined using a table including k_SSB and a signaled offset. The RB offset may be determined using a table including an index signaled in a MIB. The SSB may include at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured. The SSB may include five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB being punctured on each side of the PBCH. The SSB may be a punctured SSB, and the determined CORESET frequency position may be aligned in frequency with at least one of the following: a lower end of the CORESET may be aligned with a lower end of the punctured SSB, a CCE boundary of the CORESET may be aligned with a lower end of the punctured SSB, or a CCE boundary of the CORESET may be aligned with an upper end of the punctured SSB. The method may also include monitoring, by the UE, Type0_PDCCH according to the determined CORESET. The method may also include, in response to detecting a PDCCH for SIB1, receiving, by the UE, a PDSCH based on the detected PDCCH.

[0008] According to another example embodiment, a device, a system, a non-transitory computer-readable medium (having a computer-executable program code stored thereon, which can be executed on a computer system), and / or a method can perform a process according to an example embodiment, the process including determining a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position based on a punctured synchronization signal block. A method may include determining, by a network device, a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position based on a physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern, determining, by the network device, a resource block (RB) offset based on the CORESET position, signaling, by the network device in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), a PBCH parameter configured to indicate an RB offset and the signaled offset, and transmitting, by the network device, the SSB.

[0009] An implementation may include one or more of the following features. For example, a PBCH parameter may be a subcarrier offset (k_SSB). The RB offset may be the difference between the low edge of one of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and the low edge of the CORESET. The RB offset may be the difference between the low edge of the SSB and the low edge of the CORESET. The PBCH parameter may be k_SSB, and the RB offset may be determined using a table that includes k_SSB and the offset signaled. The RB offset may be determined using a table that includes an index signaled in the MIB. The SSB may include at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured. The SSB may include five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB punctured on each side of the PBCH. The determined CORESET frequency position may be aligned in frequency with at least one of the following: a lower end of the CORESET may be aligned with a lower end of a punctured SSB, a CCE boundary of the CORESET may be aligned with a lower end of a punctured SSB, or a CCE boundary of the CORESET may be aligned with an upper end of a punctured SSB.

[0010] The details of one or more examples of embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a wireless network according to an example embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2A is a block diagram illustrating a synchronization signal block according to an example embodiment.

[0013] Figure 2B is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment.

[0014] Figure 2C is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2D is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment.

[0016] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a puncturing pattern for a synchronization signal block according to an example embodiment.

[0017] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a method of determining an initial bandwidth portion according to an example embodiment.

[0018] Figure 5is a block diagram of a method of determining a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position in a punctured synchronization signal block according to an example embodiment.

[0019] Figure 6 is a block diagram of a method of transmitting a punctured synchronization signal block according to an example embodiment.

[0020] Figure 7 is a block diagram of a wireless station or wireless node (e.g., AP, BS, gNB, RAN node, relay node, UE or user equipment, network node, network entity, DU, CU-CP, CU-CP, ... or other node) according to an example embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a wireless network 130 according to an example embodiment. Figure 1 In the wireless network 130, user equipment 131, 132, 133 and 135 (which may also be referred to as mobile stations (MS) or user equipment (UE)) can be connected to (and communicate with) a base station (BS) 134, which may also be referred to as an access point (AP), an enhanced node B (eNB), a BS, a next generation node B (gNB), a next generation enhanced node B (ng-eNB), or a network node. The terms user device and user equipment (UE) may be used interchangeably. The BS may also include or may be referred to as a RAN (radio access network) node, and may include a portion of a BS or a portion of a RAN node, such as (for example, a centralized unit (CU) and / or a distributed unit (DU) in the case of a split BS). At least part of the functionality of the BS (e.g., an access point (AP), a base station (BS) or an (e) node B (eNB), a BS, a RAN node) may also be performed by any node, server, or host that may be operably coupled to a transceiver (such as a remote radio head). BS (or AP) 134 provides wireless coverage within cell 136, including to user equipment (UE) 131, 132, 133 and 135. Although only four user equipment (UE) are shown as being connected or attached to BS 134, any number of user equipment may be provided. BS 134 is also connected to core network 150 via S1 interface or NG interface 151. This is just a simple example of a wireless network, and other wireless networks may be used.

[0022] A base station (e.g., such as BS 134) is an example of a radio access network (RAN) node within a wireless network. A BS (or RAN node) may be or may include (or may alternatively be referred to as) for example an access point (AP), a gNB, an eNB or a portion thereof (such as a centralized unit (CU) and / or a distributed unit (DU) in the case of a split BS or split gNB), or other network node. For example, a BS (or gNB) may include: a distributed unit (DU) network entity (such as a gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU)) and a centralized unit (CU) that may control multiple DUs. For example, in some cases, a centralized unit (CU) may be split or divided into: a control plane entity (such as a gNB centralized (or central) unit control plane (gNB-CU-CP)) and a user plane entity (such as a gNB centralized (or central) unit user plane (gNB-CU-UP)). For example, the CU sub-entities (gNB-CU-CP, gNB-CU-UP) may be provided as different logical entities or different software entities (e.g., as separate or different software entities that communicate), which may run or be provided on the same hardware or server, in the cloud, etc., or may be provided on different hardware, systems or servers, such as being physically separated or running on different systems, hardware or servers.

[0023] As previously described, in a split configuration of gNB / BS, the gNB functionality may be split into DU and CU. A distributed unit (DU) may provide or establish wireless communications with one or more UEs. Thus, a DU may provide one or more cells and may allow a UE to communicate with the DU and / or establish a connection in order to receive wireless services, such as allowing the UE to send or receive data. A centralized (or central) unit (CU) may provide control functions and / or data plane functions for one or more connected DUs, for example, including control functions such as gNB control of user data transmission, mobility control, radio access network sharing, positioning, session management, etc., except for functions specifically assigned to the DU. The CU may control the operation of the DU (e.g., the CU communicates with one or more DUs) via a fronthaul (Fs) interface.

[0024] According to an illustrative example, in general, a BS node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, etc.) or a radio access network (RAN) may be part of a mobile telecommunication system. The RAN (radio access network) may include one or more BSs or RAN nodes that implement a radio access technology, for example, to allow one or more UEs to access a network or a core network. Thus, for example, a RAN (RAN node, such as a BS or gNB) may reside between one or more user equipments or UEs and a core network. According to an example embodiment, each RAN node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, etc.) or BS may provide one or more wireless communication services for one or more UEs or user equipments, for example, to allow a UE to access a network wirelessly via a RAN node. Each RAN node or BS may perform or provide wireless communication services, for example, such as to allow a UE or user equipment to establish a wireless connection to a RAN node, and to send data to one or more of the UEs and / or receive data from one or more of the UEs. For example, after establishing a connection to a UE, a RAN node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, ...) may forward data received from a network or core network to the UE, and / or forward data received from the UE to the network or core network. A RAN node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, ...) may perform a variety of other wireless functions or services, such as, for example, broadcasting control information (e.g., such as system information) to the UE, paging the UE when there is data to be delivered to the UE, assisting the UE in handover between cells, scheduling resources for uplink data transmission from (multiple) UEs and downlink data transmission to (multiple) UEs, sending control information for configuring one or more UEs, etc. These are several examples of one or more functions that a RAN node or BS may perform. A base station may also be a DU (distributed unit) part of an IAB (integrated access and backhaul) node (also known as a relay node). The DU facilitates access link connections for the IAB node.

[0025] A user device (user terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile terminal, handheld wireless device, etc.) may refer to a portable computing device, including a wireless mobile communication device that operates with or without a subscriber identity module (SIM) (which may be referred to as a universal SIM), for example, including but not limited to the following types of devices: a mobile station (MS), a mobile phone, a cell phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handset, a device using a wireless modem (alarm or measurement device, etc.), a laptop and / or touch screen computer, a tablet, a tablet phone, a game console, a notebook computer, a vehicle, a sensor, a multimedia device, or any other wireless device. It should be understood that a user device may also be (or may include) an almost exclusive uplink-only device, an example of which is a camera or video camera that loads images or video clips to a network. A user device may also be the MT (mobile terminal) portion of an IAB (integrated access and backhaul) node (also referred to as a relay node). The MT facilitates backhaul connections for IAB nodes. For example, a UE may be installed on a train in a future railway mobile communication system (FRMCS).

[0026] In LTE (as an illustrative example), the core network 150 may be referred to as an evolved packet core (EPC), which may include a mobility management entity (MME), one or more gateways, and other control functions or blocks. The MME may handle or assist in the movement / handover of user equipment between BSs, and the gateway may forward data and control signals between the BS and a packet data network or the Internet. Other types of wireless networks, such as 5G (which may be referred to as new radio (NR)), may also include a core network (e.g., which may be referred to as 5GC in 5G / NR).

[0027] In addition, as illustrative examples, various example embodiments or techniques described herein may be applied to various types of user devices or data service types, or may be applied to user devices on which multiple applications may be running, which may be different data service types. New radio (5G) developments may support many different applications or many different data service types, such as: machine type communication (MTC), enhanced machine type communication (eMTC), massive MTC (mMTC), Internet of Things (IoT) and / or narrowband IoT user devices, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). Many of these new 5G (NR) related applications may require higher performance than previous wireless networks.

[0028] IoT can refer to the growing group of objects that can have Internet or network connectivity so that they can send information to and receive information from other network devices. For example, many sensor-type applications or devices can monitor physical conditions or states and can send reports to servers or other network devices, for example, when events occur. For example, machine-type communications (MTC or machine-to-machine communications) can be characterized by fully automatic data generation, exchange, processing, and actuation between intelligent machines, with or without human intervention. Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) can support higher data rates than currently available in LTE.

[0029] Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) is a new data service type or new usage scenario that can be supported for the new radio (5G) system. This enables emerging new applications and services such as industrial automation, autonomous driving, vehicle safety, e-health services, etc. As an illustrative example, 3GPP aims to provide a 5G-capable network with the same performance as 10G. -5 Connectivity with reliability corresponding to a block error rate (BLER) of 100% and a U-plane (user / data plane) latency of up to 1 ms. Thus, for example, a URLLC user equipment / UE may require a significantly lower block error rate and low latency than other types of user equipment / UE (with or without a requirement for simultaneous high reliability). Thus, for example, a URLLC UE (or a URLLC application on a UE) may require shorter latency than an eMBB UE (or an eMBB application running on a UE).

[0030] Various example embodiments may be applied to a variety of wireless technologies or wireless networks, such as LTE, LTE-A, 5G (New Radio (NR)), Advanced 5G, Narrowband New Radio Operation (NB NR), cmWave and / or mmWave frequency band networks, IoT, MTC, eMTC, mMTC, eMBB, URLLC, etc., or any other wireless network or wireless technology. These exemplary networks, technologies, or data service types are provided only as illustrative examples.

[0031] The UE may be configured by the gNB (or other network node) to perform different measurements and reporting of the measurements to the network (or gNB(s). Configuration of the UE to perform reference signal (or beam) measurements (e.g., such as CSI-RS measurements for different beams) and reporting may be performed by the gNB sending a reporting configuration (e.g., such as CSI-Report-Config) to the UE. For example, the reporting configuration may indicate the downlink resource(s) on which the measurements should be performed (e.g., CSI-RS reference signal / SSB, or beam), the specific quantity or parameter to be measured, and how the reporting is to be performed, such as when the reporting is completed.

[0032] Advanced 5G can be the next evolutionary step of 5G technology. Advanced 5G can add other enhanced capabilities beyond connectivity and provide a wider range of advanced use cases for vertical industries. Advanced 5G can support advanced applications with enhanced mobility and high reliability, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) that will improve network performance. Advanced 5G can introduce spectrum efficiency improvements and energy conservation. Advanced 5G can lay the foundation for more demanding applications and a wider range of use cases than ever before, with extended reality (XR) features to provide a truly immersive user experience. Advanced 5G can introduce AI and ML enhancements at the RAN, core, and network management layers to achieve performance improvements, network optimization, and energy efficiency. Advanced 5G can be backward compatible, including the ability to serve legacy 5G devices. Advanced 5G can add capabilities related to XR (e.g., AR, VR, gaming), enhanced coverage and MIMO performance to replace GSM-R, new types of devices, cellular-based positioning, time synchronization, network operation efficiency (e.g., using AI and ML techniques), enhanced sidelinks, enhanced mobility, etc. Enabling new radio based mission critical networks for spectrum allocations below 5 MHz may be one example of new advanced 5G capabilities being considered.

[0033] The UE may measure (multiple) signal parameters (e.g., such as reference signal received power (RSRP)) of each of a plurality of downlink reference signals (e.g., such as synchronization signal block / SSB signals or channel state information (CSI) reference signals (CSI-RS)) received by the UE from a gNB / network node (or BS), where each reference signal may be sent by the gNB via a different gNB transmit beam (or via a different downlink DL reference signal). The UE may determine the strongest beam or reference signal (e.g., having the highest RSRP), and may then send a measurement report to the gNB, which may, for example, identify the strongest N DL reference signals (or beams) and the RSRP (or other measured signal parameters) for the N beams. The gNB may use the measurement report to determine what beam to use to communicate with the UE.

[0034] According to an example embodiment, the PDCCH (physical downlink control channel) may be transmitted using 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 control channel elements (CCEs), wherein the number of CCEs may be referred to as an aggregation level (or CCE aggregation level). CCEs may be aggregated to include PDCCH candidates and may be continuous or non-continuous resource sets on frequency. Resource element group (REG) packets may be frequency continuous. However, CCEs including multiple REG packets may be continuous or non-continuous (i.e., interlaced or non-interlaced CCE to REG mapping). According to an example embodiment, CCEs are building blocks of PDCCHs, wherein CCEs may be the minimum resource set that may be used for PDCCHs. For example, CCEs may be units based on which a search space for blind decoding may be defined. Therefore, depending on the aggregation level, each PDCCH may include one or more CCEs. According to an example embodiment, CCEs may include 6 resource element groups (REGs), each of which may include a resource block in an OFDM symbol.

[0035] A search space may include a set of candidate PDCCHs (candidate downlink control channels) formed by CCEs of a given aggregation level(s) that the UE should attempt to decode. A UE may have multiple search spaces for different purposes (such as different common search spaces and user-specific search spaces). A search space may be associated with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may be (or may include) a time-frequency resource on which (multiple) PDCCHs are sent. There may be multiple search spaces using the same control resource set (CORESET), and there may be multiple CORESETs configured for a UE. In addition, a control resource set (CORESET) may be (or may include) a time-frequency resource in which the UE attempts to decode a candidate PDCCH using one or more search spaces. A UE may be configured with up to four bandwidth parts (BWPs) for each serving cell, where different BWPs may be configured with different digital basic configurations, and the gNB may switch between different BWPs by configuration or dynamically through downlink control information (DCI) messages. One BWP may be active at a given time, and for each BWP, up to three (3) CORESETs and up to ten (10) search space sets (SS sets) may be configured. A CORESET may be restricted to the bandwidth of a BWP, as a UE may be restricted to receive / transmit only within the BW of its active BWP. On an active BWP, a UE may be configured to monitor a total of up to three unicast DCI format sizes and up to four DCI format sizes.

[0036] Figure 2Ais a block diagram illustrating a synchronization signal block according to an example embodiment. The synchronization signal block SSB or SSB subcarriers may include a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) 205, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) 210, and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) 215. The SSB subcarriers may be configured to enable the UE to find a cell when entering the system and to find a new cell when moving within the system. The SSB subcarriers may be periodically sent from each NR cell on the downlink. The SSB subcarriers may be OFDM based and sent on a set of time / frequency resources or resource elements within the OFDM time-frequency resource grid. There may be multiple gNB Tx beam-specific SSBs for each cell. Figure 2A The time / frequency structure of SSB is illustrated. An SSB may span four (4) OFDM symbols in the time domain and 240 subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0037] like Figure 2A As shown, the SSB subcarrier may include n physical resource blocks or PRBs in the frequency domain. When the SSB subcarrier is aligned with the PRB subcarrier, the SSB may occupy 240 subcarriers, and one (1) PRB may include 12 subcarriers. Therefore, n may be equal to 20, and the SSB subcarrier may occupy 20 PRBs in the frequency domain. PSS210 may be located in the first OFDM symbol of the SSB subcarrier and occupy 127 subcarriers or 12 PRB subcarriers (e.g., y=12). SSS215 may be located in the third OFDM symbol of the SSB subcarrier and may occupy the same 127 subcarriers or 10 PRBs as PSS210. PBCH205 may be located in the second OFDM symbol and the fourth OFDM symbol of the SSB subcarrier and occupy 240 subcarriers or 20 PRB subcarriers (e.g., n=20). PBCH 205 may also occupy 48 subcarriers or 12 PRB subcarriers (eg, x=4) on each side of SSS 215. There may be unused subcarriers between PBCH 205 and SSS 215, such as Figure 2A In the example implementation, z1 may be 8 subcarriers and z2 may be 9 subcarriers. Figure 2A In the example shown, x+z1+y+z2+x=n (eg, 48+8+127+9+48=240 (or 20 PRBs)). Different digital basis configurations (eg, values ​​of n, x, y, z1, and z2) may be used in the SSB subcarriers.

[0038] Example implementations may involve narrowband new radio operation (NB NR) or NR support for dedicated spectrum less than 5 MHz. This is an emerging scenario driven by future drivers such as railway communications, smart grid operators, public safety, etc. Example implementations may target the use of NR in 3-5 MHz spectrum allocations. In other words, example implementations may enable 5G NR to operate in bandwidths narrower than the 5 MHz channels for which it was originally designed (e.g., down to 3 MHz). For example, deployment of NR in the 900 MHz FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communications System) band can be carried out within a 5.6 MHz bandwidth along with legacy GSM-R carriers, which only allows approximately 3.6 MHz for NR. Similarly, in some cases, only 3 MHz channels may be available for NR. The signals and channels sent by the NR base stations (gNBs), more specifically the synchronization signals and PBCH blocks (SSBs), are not designed for transmission in such narrow channels. However, in order to provide NR support for dedicated spectrum less than 5 MHz, Figure 2A The x PRBs shown (e.g., 4 PRBs on each side of the SSS 215, PSS 210 and the corresponding PRBs of the PBCH 205) may be used (e.g., using puncturing). In an example implementation, asymmetric puncturing (e.g., 15 PRBs for puncturing) may be used such that a different number of PRBs (e.g., 1 and 4, 2 and 3, 3 and 2, and 4 and 1 PRBs) are punctured on each side of the SSS 215, PSS 210.

[0039] After detecting the PSS and SSS, the UE can determine the slot timing within the 5ms half-frame, as well as the symbol timing, in addition to the physical cell ID. The UE can then determine the resource elements used for the PBCH DMRS and the data used to receive the PBCH payload. The PBCH carries the master information block (MIB) signaling system information related to frequency location (SSB frequency domain allocation associated with the common resource block (CRB) grid) and timing (half-frame timing and frame timing). This information is included in the higher layer payload (i.e., MIB), as part of the physical layer bits in the transport block payload, or included in the DMRS.

[0040] After the UE detects the PSS and SSS and demodulates the PBCH, the UE can read the configuration index from the PBCH / MIB. The configuration index can refer to the CORESET (e.g., CORESET#0) configuration table, as well as the time and frequency resource allocation parameters. One of these parameters defines the RB offset between the first PRB of the CORESET and the first PRB where the first subcarrier in the SSB subcarrier is located (the SSB and the CORESET are located in the same subcarrier grid, but not necessarily in the same RB grid). Different puncturing patterns can be applied to the SSB (see below). Figure 3Discussion). For example, different puncturing patterns may depend on the RF channel and / or synchronization grid point.

[0041] One issue may be that due to the puncturing pattern, partial CCEs may be available at both ends of CORESET#0. Due to the low noise averaging possibility, the channel estimation may be affected by the partial CCEs. The PDCCH may be applicable to only one DMRS port. In some implementations, transmit diversity may be provided using a precoder cycle (e.g., implemented by the gNB). For example, in the precoder cycle, the gNB may change the Tx antenna phase (relative to each other) according to the CCE granularity. Therefore, the PDCCH channel estimation may be performed separately for each CCE. In other words, there is no phase continuity between CCEs, and therefore, the channels between CCEs may not be correlated. In addition, the UE may filter (or average) the channel estimate within one CCE. This may result in reduced detection and decoding performance of the PDCCH. Therefore, some performance degradation may occur compared to the non-punctured case. As a solution, the example implementation proposes a signaling mechanism and corresponding UE operation for the allocation of CORESET#0 so that partial CCEs are avoided in the case of different puncturing patterns.

[0042] In an example implementation, the UE may demodulate and decode the PBCH (e.g., PBCH 205) under the assumption of 12 PRBs. This may mean that the UE only assumes that the 12 complete PRBs overlapping with the PSS and SSS in the frequency domain are valid for PBCH demodulation and decoding, while the existence of other PRBs is unknown and therefore not assumed. (Multiple) predefined synchronization grid points or specific RF channels may be used to trigger new offset and CORESET allocation determination operations by the UE. Figure 2A-2D It can be used to describe an example implementation for determining the CORESET (e.g., CORESET #0) frequency position in the SSB subcarrier so that some CCEs are avoided in the case of different puncturing patterns. The technique can be triggered based on the radio frequency (RF) channel and / or (multiple) predefined synchronization grid points.

[0043] Figure 2B is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment. Figure 2BAs shown, the SSB subcarriers include punctured PRBs 220, 225 on each side of the PSS 210 and SSS 215. The punctured PRBs 220, 225 include punctured PBCH 205. The SSB has a resource block (RB) offset 235, which can be the difference between the low edge of the PSS 210 / SSS 215 and the low edge of the CORESET 230 (e.g., CORESET #0). The RB offset can be derived from the offset and PBCH parameters (e.g., k_SSB) signaled based on Table 1. The end point of the valid PRB on frequency can be the right edge of the SSS 215 and the full CCE. In other words, the end point is 15 PRBs in the case of 2 symbols and 14 PRBs in the case of 3 symbols. Therefore, partial CCEs can be avoided at the CORESET edge. The RB offset 245 can also be between the low edge of the CORESET 230 and the low edge of the PRB where the first unused subcarrier of the PSS / SSS is located. In other words, the frequency domain offset between the first subcarrier of CORESET 230 and the first used subcarrier of SSS 215 may be RB offset 245+SC offset+8 unused subcarriers.

[0044] Offset from table PBCH parameters RB offset SC offset 0 0、……、11 0 0、……、11 0 12、……、23 1 0、……、11 2 0、……、11 2 0、……、11 4 12、……、23 3 0、……、11

[0045] Table 1

[0046] Figure 2C is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment. Figure 2C As shown, the SSB subcarrier includes punctured PRBs 220, 225 on each side of the PSS 210 and the SSS 215. The punctured PRBs 220, 225 include a punctured PBCH 205. The SSB subcarrier has an RB offset 240, which can be the difference between the low edge of the assumed non-punctured SSB subframe and the low edge of the CORESET by using the existing offset and PBCH parameters (e.g., k_SSB). The RB offset can be derived from the offset and PBCH parameters (e.g., k_SSB) signaled based on Table 2. The end point of the valid PRB on frequency can be the right edge of the SSS 215 and the complete CCE. In other words, the end point is 15 PRBs in the case of a 2-symbol CORESET size in units of the number of time domain symbols, and 14 PRBs in the case of a 3-symbol CORESET size in units of the number of time domain symbols. Therefore, partial CCEs can be avoided.

[0047] Offset from table PBCH parameters RB offset SC offset 0 12、……、23 -1 0、……、11 2 12、……、23 -2 0、……、11 4 0、……、11 -3 0、……、11 4 12、……、23 -4 0、……、11

[0048] Table 2

[0049] Figure 2D is a block diagram illustrating resource block offsets in puncturing synchronization signal blocks according to an example embodiment. Figure 2D As shown, the SSB subcarrier includes punctured PRBs 220, 225 on each side of the PSS 210 and the SSS 215. The punctured PRBs 220, 225 include a punctured PBCH 205. The SSB subcarrier has an RB offset 250, which can be the difference between the low edge of the PSS 210 / SSS 215 and the low edge of the CORESET 230 (e.g., CORESET #0). The RB offset can be derived from the signal index in the PBCH MIB based on Table 3. The end point of the valid PRBs on frequency can be the right edge of the SSS 215 and the complete CCE. In other words, the end point is 15 PRBs in the case of a 2-symbol CORESET size in the time domain symbol and 14 PRBs in the case of a 3-symbol CORESET size in the time domain symbol. Therefore, partial CCEs can be avoided.

[0050] index MUX Mode Number of PRBs Number of symbols RB offset 0 1 24 2 0 1 1 24 2 1 2 1 24 2 2 3 1 24 2 3 4 1 24 3 0 5 1 24 3 1 6 1 24 3 2 7 1 24 3 3

[0051] Table 3

[0052] about Figure 2A-2D The benefits of the described techniques may include at least an efficient process for configuring a CORESET (e.g., CORESET#0) when SSB subcarriers need to be punctured to avoid partial CCEs. This can improve Type0-PDCCH reception performance. For a direct implementation of a new interpretation of the signaled offset and PBCH parameters provided by the UE, a flexible frequency position of a CORESET (e.g., CORESET#0) relative to PSS / SSS and punctured PBCH can be supported while allocating a CORESET with full CCEs.

[0053] A three (3) MHz allocation in an NR system may include a maximum 15 PRB channel bandwidth (e.g., assuming 90% spectrum utilization). Therefore, 5 PRB puncturing of the SSB may be required. According to an example implementation, the PSS / SSS should remain unaffected, and puncturing should only be applied to the PBCH portion of the SSB. Therefore, a maximum of four (4) PRB puncturing may be used on each side. In other words, if Figure 3 As shown, applicable puncturing patterns may be (eg, low-frequency side and high-frequency side of PSS / SSS) 1+4, 2+3, 3+2, 4+1.

[0054] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating a puncturing pattern for SSB according to an example embodiment, where 15 PRBs are available. Figure 3As shown, an SSB may include 20 PRBs. In the first SSB puncturing pattern 305, five (5) PRBs 330, 335 are punctured. In the first SSB puncturing pattern 305, PRBs 325 may be transmitted PRBs (e.g., PRBs including PSS, SSS, and / or PBCH). On either side of the transmitted PRBs 325 are punctured PRBs 330, 335. In the first SSB puncturing pattern 305, the pattern may include four (4) punctured PRBs 330 on a first side of the transmitted PRBs 325, and one (1) punctured PRB 335 on a second side of the transmitted PRBs 325, leaving 15 PRBs unaffected and actually available.

[0055] In the second SSB puncturing pattern 310, five (5) PRBs 330, 335 are punctured. In the second SSB puncturing pattern 310, the PRBs 325 may be transmitted PRBs (e.g., PRBs including PSS, SSS, and / or PBCH). On either side of the transmitted PRBs 325 are punctured PRBs 330, 335. In the second SSB puncturing pattern 310, the pattern may include three (3) punctured PRBs 330 on a first side of the transmitted PRBs 325, and two (2) punctured PRBs 335 on a second side of the transmitted PRBs 325, leaving 15 PRBs unaffected and actually usable.

[0056] In the third SSB puncturing pattern 315, five (5) PRBs 330, 335 are punctured. In the third SSB puncturing pattern 315, the PRBs 325 may be transmitted PRBs (e.g., PRBs including PSS, SSS, and / or PBCH). On either side of the transmitted PRBs 325 are punctured PRBs 330, 335. In the third SSB puncturing pattern 315, the pattern may include two (2) punctured PRBs 330 on a first side of the transmitted PRBs 325, and three (3) punctured PRBs 335 on a second side of the transmitted PRBs 325, leaving 15 PRBs unaffected and actually available.

[0057] In the fourth SSB puncturing pattern 320, five (5) PRBs 330, 335 are punctured. In the fourth SSB puncturing pattern 320, the PRBs 325 may be transmitted PRBs (e.g., PRBs including PSS, SSS, and / or PBCH). On either side of the transmitted PRBs 325 are punctured PRBs 330, 335. In the fourth SSB puncturing pattern 320, the pattern may include one (1) punctured PRB 330 on a first side of the transmitted PRBs 325 and four (4) punctured PRBs 335 on a second side of the transmitted PRBs 325, leaving 15 PRBs that are unaffected and actually usable. Using the above techniques to determine the RB offset and CORESET frequency location, any of the SSB puncturing patterns 305, 310, 315, 320 may be used and partial CCEs may be avoided.

[0058] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a method of determining an initial bandwidth portion according to an example embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, in step S405, PSS and / or SSS are detected on a synchronization grid point or an RF channel. For example, a synchronization grid may indicate a frequency position of a synchronization block that may be used by a UE for system acquisition. A synchronization grid may be defined for each frequency band, which is a subset of the SSB frequency. The synchronization grid may define a mapping of nPRB=10 for SSB. The RF channel may be based on an SSB digital basic configuration and / or bandwidth. In an example implementation, the techniques described herein may be triggered based on a synchronization grid point or an RF channel. PSS (e.g., PSS210) and / or SSS (e.g., SSS215) may be detected and / or read on an SSB associated with a synchronization grid point or an RF channel.

[0059] In step S410, the center 12 PRBs of the PBCH are determined based on the PSS and / or SSS. For example, the center 12 PRBs of the PBCH (e.g., PBCH 205) may be centered on the PSS and / or SSS in frequency. However, the PSS and / or SSS may be associated with 127 subcarriers (or 10 PRBs), and the 12 PRBs of the PBCH SSS may be associated with 144 subcarriers. Therefore, the PRBs of the PBCH that match the PSS and / or SSS may be extended by one (1) PRB in each direction to include the center 12 PRBs of the PBCH.

[0060] In step S415, the PBCH is demodulated and decoded. For example, the demodulation may be OFDM quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) demodulation. QAM demodulation may reproduce a bit stream from each subcarrier, which is then multiplexed (MUX) to recreate the original single data stream. Decoding the PBCH may include decoding the recreated data stream. In an example implementation, decoding the PBCH includes identifying and reading a master information block (MIB).

[0061] In step S420, the offset and PBCH parameters (e.g., k_SSB) are read from the MIB in the PBCH. For example, the offset may be included in a field of the MIB. The field may be an ssb-SubcarrierOffset field. The offset may be an integer (e.g., 0, ..., 15). The PBCH parameter may be k_SSB. k_SSB may be used to set the subcarrier offset (15kHz|60kHz) between the first subcarrier of the SS / PBCH and the last subcarrier of the RB offset. k_SSB may be an integer (e.g., 0, ..., 23).

[0062] In step S425, it is determined whether the offset is between the low edge of SSS and the low edge of CORESET based on the signaled offset and PBCH parameters. Figure 2B and Figure 2D , determine whether the offset can be offset 235.

[0063] In step S430, the number of symbols of the CORESET is read from the MIB. For example, a field in the MIB may indicate the number of CORESET (e.g., CORESET#0) symbols. The field may be pdcch-ConfigSIB1. pdcch-ConfigSIB1 may be an integer (e.g., 0, ..., 255). pdcch-ConfigSIB1 may be used to determine the bandwidth of the PDCCH / SIB, the CORESET and / or the common search space, and the necessary PDCCH parameters as an index to a row in a predefined table.

[0064] In step S435, the first five (5) CCEs valid for the CORESET are determined, or in step S440, the first seven (7) CCEs valid for the CORESET are determined. For example, if the CORESET is indicated as two (2) symbols, then step S435 is performed and the first five (5) CCEs valid for the CORESET are determined. If the CORESET is indicated as three (3) symbols, then step S440 is performed and the first seven (7) CCEs valid for the CORESET are determined. CCEs are described in more detail above.

[0065] In step S445, the initial bandwidth part (BWP) is determined as 15 PRBs starting from the low edge of CORESET. The BWP may be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks selected from the common resource block set for a given digital basic configuration (μ) on a given carrier. The initial BWP may be used by the UE for initial cell selection. The initial BWP may include parameters such as RMSI (remaining minimum system information), CORESET and RMSI frequency location / bandwidth / SCS.

[0066] Example 1. Figure 5 is a block diagram of a method for determining a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position according to a punctured synchronization signal block by a user equipment according to an example embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, in step S505, a resource block (RB) offset allocation determination is triggered. In step S510, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) is detected in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB). In step S515, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset are read from a master information block (MIB) of the PBCH of the SSB. In step S520, an RB offset is determined based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset. In step S525, a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position is determined based on the RB offset.

[0067] Example 2. The method of Example 1, wherein the PBCH parameter can be a subcarrier offset (k_SSB).

[0068] Example 3. The method of Example 1, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination can be based on a predefined synchronization grid point.

[0069] Example 4. According to the method of Example 1, the trigger of the RB offset allocation determination can be based on a radio frequency (RF) channel.

[0070] Example 5. The method of Example 1, wherein the RB offset may be a difference between a low edge of one of the PSS or SSS and a low edge of the CORESET.

[0071] Example 6. The method of Example 1, wherein the RB offset can be a difference between a low edge of SSB and a low edge of CORESET.

[0072] Example 7. According to the method of Example 1, the PBCH parameter may be k_SSB, and the RB offset may be determined using a table including k_SSB and the signaled offset.

[0073] Example 8. The method of Example 1, wherein the RB offset can be determined using a table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

[0074] Example 9. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the SSB may include at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured.

[0075] Example 10. The method of embodiment 1, wherein the SSB may include five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB being punctured on each side of the PBCH.

[0076] Example 11. According to the method of Example 1, the SSB can be a punctured SSB, and the determined CORESET frequency position can be aligned in frequency with at least one of the following: the lower end of the CORESET can be aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, the CCE boundary of the CORESET can be aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, or the CCE boundary of the CORESET can be aligned with the upper end of the punctured SSB.

[0077] Example 12. The method of Example 1 may also include monitoring, by the UE, Type0_PDCCH according to the determined CORESET.

[0078] Example 13. The method of Example 1 may also include, in response to detecting the PDCCH for SIB1, receiving, by the UE, the PDSCH based on the detected PDCCH.

[0079] Example 14. Figure 6 is a block diagram of a method for transmitting a punctured synchronization signal block by a network device according to an example embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, in step S605, a control resource set (CORESET) frequency position is determined based on a physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern. In step S610, a resource block (RB) offset is determined based on the CORESET position. In step S615, a PBCH parameter configured to indicate an RB offset and the signaled offset are signaled in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB). In step S620, the SSB is transmitted.

[0080] Example 15. The method of Example 14, wherein the PBCH parameter can be a subcarrier offset (k_SSB).

[0081] Example 16. The method of Example 14, wherein the RB offset can be a difference between a low edge of one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a low edge of the CORESET.

[0082] Example 17. The method of Example 14, wherein the RB Offset can be a difference between a low edge of SSB and a low edge of CORESET.

[0083] Example 18. The method of Example 14, wherein the PBCH parameter may be k_SSB, and the RB offset may be determined using a table including k_SSB and the signaled offset.

[0084] Example 19. The method of Example 14, wherein the RB offset can be determined using a table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

[0085] Example 20. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the SSB may include at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured.

[0086] Example 21. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the SSB may include five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB being punctured on each side of the PBCH.

[0087] Example 22. The method of Example 14, wherein the determined CORESET frequency position can be aligned in frequency with at least one of the following: the lower end of the CORESET can be aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, the CCE boundary of the CORESET can be aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, or the CCE boundary of the CORESET can be aligned with the upper end of the punctured SSB.

[0088] Example 23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions stored thereon, which instructions, when executed by at least one processor, are configured to cause a computing system to perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 22.

[0089] Example 24. An apparatus comprising means for performing the method of any of Examples 1 to 22.

[0090] Example 25. An apparatus comprising at least one processor and at least one memory comprising computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, together with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least perform the method of any one of Examples 1 to 22.

[0091] Figure 7 is a block diagram of a wireless station 700 or a wireless node or a network node 700 according to an example embodiment. According to an example embodiment, the wireless node or the wireless station or the network node 700 may include, for example, one or more of an AP, a BS, a gNB, a RAN node, a relay node, a UE or user equipment, a network node, a network entity, a DU, a CU-CP, a CU-UP, ... or other nodes.

[0092] The wireless station 700 may include, for example, one or more (e.g., Figure 7The wireless station also includes two (2) radio frequency (RF) or wireless transceivers 702A, 702B, each of which includes a transmitter for sending signals and a receiver for receiving signals. The wireless station also includes a processor or control unit / entity (controller) 704 for executing instructions or software and controlling the transmission and reception of signals, and a memory 706 for storing data and / or instructions.

[0093] The processor 704 may also make decisions or determinations, generate frames, packets or messages for transmission, decode received frames or messages for further processing, and other tasks or functions described herein. For example, the processor 704, which may be a baseband processor, may generate messages, packets, frames or other signals for transmission via the wireless transceiver 702 (702A or 702B). The processor 704 may control the transmission of signals or messages through a wireless network, and may control the reception of signals or messages, etc., via a wireless network (e.g., after being down-converted by the wireless transceiver 702). The processor 704 may be programmable and capable of executing software or other instructions stored in a memory or on other computer media to perform the various tasks and functions described above, such as one or more of the tasks or methods described above. For example, the processor 704 may be (or may include) hardware, programmable logic, a programmable processor that executes software or firmware, and / or any combination of these. For example, using other terms, the processor 704 and the transceiver 702 may be considered together as a wireless transmitter / receiver system.

[0094] In addition, reference Figure 7 , the controller (or processor) 708 can execute software and instructions and can provide overall control for the station 700 and can Figure 7 Other systems not shown provide controls, such as controlling input / output devices (e.g., display, keypad), and / or software that can execute one or more applications that may be provided on wireless station 700, such as an email program, audio / video applications, a word processor, voice over IP applications, or other applications or software.

[0095] Additionally, a storage medium may be provided that includes stored instructions that, when executed by a controller or processor, may cause the processor 704 or other controller or processor to perform one or more of the functions or tasks described above.

[0096] According to another example embodiment, the RF or (multiple) wireless transceiver 702A / 702B can receive signals or data and / or send or transmit signals or data. The processor 704 (and possibly the transceiver 702A / 702B) can control the RF or wireless transceiver 702A or 702B to receive, issue, broadcast or transmit signals or data.

[0097] However, the example embodiments are not limited to the systems given as examples, and a person skilled in the art may apply the solution to other communication systems. Another example of a suitable communication system is a 5G system. It is assumed that the network architecture in 5G will be very similar to that of Advanced LTE. 5G may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, more base stations or nodes than LTE (the so-called small cell concept), including macro sites operating in cooperation with smaller base stations, and may also adopt various radio technologies to achieve better coverage and higher data rates.

[0098] It should be understood that future networks are likely to utilize network function virtualization (NFV), which is a network architecture concept that proposes virtualizing network node functions into "building blocks" or entities that can be operationally connected or linked together to provide services. A virtualized network function (VNF) may include one or more virtual machines that use standard or general-purpose servers rather than custom hardware to run computer program code. Cloud computing or data storage may also be utilized. In radio communications, this may mean that node operations may be performed at least in part in a server, host, or node that is operably coupled to a remote radio head. Node operations may also be distributed among multiple servers, nodes, or hosts. It should also be understood that the workload distribution between core network operations and base station operations may be different from that of LTE, or even non-existent.

[0099] Example embodiments of the various techniques described herein may be implemented in a digital electronic circuit system, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. Example embodiments may be implemented as a computer program product, i.e., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, for example, in a machine-readable storage device or in a propagation signal, for a data processing device to execute or control the operation of a data processing device, for example, a programmable processor, a computer or multiple computers. Embodiments may also be provided on a computer-readable medium or a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-transitory medium. Embodiments of various techniques may also include embodiments provided via transient signals or media, and / or downloadable programs and / or software embodiments via the Internet or (multiple) other networks (wired networks and / or wireless networks). In addition, embodiments may be provided via machine type communication (MTC) or via the Internet of Things (IOT).

[0100] A computer program may be in source code form, object code form or some intermediate form and may be stored in some carrier, distribution medium or computer readable medium, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. For example, such carriers include recording media, computer memory, read-only memory, optoelectronic and / or electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals and software distribution packages. Depending on the processing power required, a computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital computer or distributed among multiple computers.

[0101] In addition, example embodiments of the various techniques described herein may use a cyber-physical system (CPS) (a system that enables computing elements that control physical entities to collaborate). CPS can implement and utilize a large number of interconnected ICT devices (sensors, actuators, processors, microcontrollers, etc.) embedded in different locations in physical objects. Mobile cyber-physical systems (where the physical system in question has inherent mobility) are a subcategory of cyber-physical systems. Examples of mobile physical systems include mobile robots and electronic devices transported by humans or animals. The popularity of smartphones has increased interest in the field of mobile cyber-physical systems. Therefore, various embodiments of the techniques described herein may be provided by one or more of these techniques.

[0102] Computer programs such as the above-mentioned (multiple) computer programs can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program, or as a module, component, subroutine or other unit or part thereof suitable for a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to execute on one computer, or on multiple computers at one site, or on multiple computers distributed between multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.

[0103] The method steps may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program or a portion of a computer program to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. The method steps may also be performed by, and the apparatus may be implemented as, a special purpose logic circuit system, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).

[0104] For example, processors suitable for executing computer programs include both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer, chip or chipset. Typically, the processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. Elements of a computer may include at least one processor for executing instructions, and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Typically, a computer may also include or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to or both of one or more mass storage devices (e.g., magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks) for storing data. Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including, for example, semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and memory may be supplemented by or incorporated in a dedicated logic circuit system.

[0105] To provide interaction with a user, an embodiment may be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) display) for displaying information to the user, and a user interface (such as a keyboard and a pointing device, such as a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback, such as visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and the input from the user may be received in any form, including sound, voice, or tactile input.

[0106] Example embodiments may be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component, such as a data server, or a middleware component, such as an application server, or a front-end component, such as a client computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with the embodiments, or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components may be interconnected by any form or media of digital data communication, such as a communication network. Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs), such as the Internet.

[0107] Although certain features of the described embodiments have been illustrated as described herein, those skilled in the art will now be able to conceive of many modifications, substitutions, changes and equivalents. Therefore, it should be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes that fall within the true spirit of the various embodiments.

Claims

1. A method comprising: Resource block (RB) offset allocation is determined by triggering the user equipment (UE); detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB); reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block (MIB) of the SSB; determining, by the UE, an RB offset based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset; as well as A control resource set (CORESET) frequency location is determined by the UE based on the RB offset.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the PBCH parameter is a subcarrier offset (k_SSB).

3. The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a predefined synchronization grid point.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to claim 3, wherein the trigger of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a radio frequency (RF) channel. 5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of one of the PSS or the SSS and a low edge of the CORESET.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to claim 4, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of the SSB and a low edge of the CORESET.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The PBCH parameter is k_SSB, and The RB offset is determined using a table including the k_SSB and the signaled offset.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to claim 4, wherein the RB offset is determined using a table, the table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to claim 8, wherein the SSB includes at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured.

10. The method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the SSB comprises five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB being punctured on each side of the PBCH.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein The SSB is a punctured SSB, and The determined CORESET frequency position is aligned in frequency with at least one of the following: the lower end of the CORESET is aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, the CCE boundary of the CORESET is aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, or the CCE boundary of the CORESET is aligned with the upper end of the punctured SSB.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: The UE monitors Type0_PDCCH according to the determined CORESET.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: In response to detecting the PDCCH for SIB1, receiving, by the UE, a PDSCH based on the detected PDCCH.

14. A method comprising: The control resource set (CORESET) frequency position is determined by the network device based on the physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern; determining, by the network device, a resource block (RB) offset based on the CORESET position; signaling, by the network device, in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), a PBCH parameter configured to indicate the RB offset and the signaled offset; as well as The SSB is transmitted by the network device.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the PBCH parameter is a subcarrier offset (k_SSB).

16. The method of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a low edge of the CORESET.

17. The method of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the RB offset is the difference between a low edge of the SSB and a low edge of the CORESET.

18. The method of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein The PBCH parameter is k_SSB, and The RB offset is determined using a table including the k_SSB and the signaled offset.

19. The method of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the RB offset is determined using a table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

20. The method of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the SSB comprises at least one physical resource block (PRB) that has been punctured.

21. The method of any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the SSB comprises five (5) PRBs that have been punctured, with at least one PRB being punctured on each side of the PBCH.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to claim 21, wherein the determined CORESET frequency position is aligned in frequency with at least one of: a lower end of the CORESET is aligned with a lower end of the punctured SSB, a CCE boundary of the CORESET is aligned with the lower end of the punctured SSB, or the CCE boundary of the CORESET is aligned with an upper end of the punctured SSB.

23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions stored thereon, which instructions, when executed by at least one processor, are configured to cause a computing system to: Resource block (RB) offset allocation is determined by triggering the user equipment (UE); detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB); reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block (MIB) of the SSB; determining, by the UE, an RB offset based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset; as well as A control resource set (CORESET) frequency location is determined by the UE based on the RB offset.

24. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions stored thereon, which instructions, when executed by at least one processor, are configured to cause a computing system to: The network device determines the control resource set (CORESET) frequency position based on the physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern; Determining, by the network device, a resource block (RB) offset based on the CORESET position; signaling, by the network device, in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), a PBCH parameter configured to indicate the RB offset and the signaled offset; as well as The SSB is transmitted by the network device.

25. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the PBCH parameter is a subcarrier offset (k_SSB).

26. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a predefined synchronization grid point.

27. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a radio frequency (RF) channel.

28. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of one of the PSS or the SSS and a low edge of the CORESET.

29. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of the SSB and a low edge of the CORESET.

30. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein The PBCH parameter is k_SSB, and The RB offset is determined using a table including the k_SSB and the signaled offset.

31. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the RB offset is determined using a table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

32. An apparatus comprising components for: Resource block (RB) offset allocation is determined by triggering the user equipment (UE); detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB); reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block (MIB) of the SSB; determining, by the UE, an RB offset based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset; as well as A control resource set (CORESET) frequency location is determined by the UE based on the RB offset.

33. An apparatus comprising components for: The control resource set (CORESET) frequency position is determined by the network device based on the physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern; determining, by the network device, a resource block (RB) offset based on the CORESET position; signaling, by the network device, in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), a PBCH parameter configured to indicate the RB offset and the signaled offset; as well as The SSB is transmitted by the network device.

34. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a predefined synchronization grid point.

35. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the trigger of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a radio frequency (RF) channel.

36. The apparatus of claim 32 or claim 33, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of one of the PSS or the SSS and a low edge of the CORESET.

37. An apparatus according to claim 32 or claim 33, wherein the RB offset is the difference between a low edge of the SSB and a low edge of the CORESET.

38. The apparatus of claim 32 or claim 33, wherein The PBCH parameter is k_SSB, and The RB offset is determined using a table including the k_SSB and the signaled offset.

39. The apparatus of claim 32 or claim 33, wherein the RB offset is determined using a table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

40. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory, the at least one memory comprising computer program code; The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least: Resource block (RB) offset allocation is determined by triggering the user equipment (UE); detecting, by the UE, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in a received synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB); reading, by the UE, a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) parameter and a signaled offset from a master information block (MIB) of the SSB; determining, by the UE, an RB offset based on the PBCH parameter and the signaled offset; as well as A control resource set (CORESET) frequency location is determined by the UE based on the RB offset.

41. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory, the at least one memory comprising computer program code; The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to: The network device determines the control resource set (CORESET) frequency position based on the physical resource block (PRB) puncturing pattern; Determining, by the network device, a resource block (RB) offset based on the CORESET position; signaling, by the network device, in a master information block (MIB) of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) of a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB), a PBCH parameter configured to indicate the RB offset and the signaled offset; as well as The SSB is transmitted by the network device.

42. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein the triggering of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a predefined synchronization grid point.

43. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein the trigger of the RB offset allocation determination is based on a radio frequency (RF) channel.

44. The apparatus of claim 40 or claim 41, wherein the RB offset is a difference between a low edge of one of the PSS or the SSS and a low edge of the CORESET.

45. An apparatus according to claim 40 or claim 41, wherein the RB offset is the difference between a low edge of the SSB and a low edge of the CORESET.

46. ​​The device of claim 40 or claim 41, wherein The PBCH parameter is k_SSB, and The RB offset is determined using a table including the k_SSB and the signaled offset.

47. An apparatus according to claim 40 or claim 41, wherein the RB offset is determined using a table, the table comprising an index signaled in the MIB.

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