Control method for operation stability of water electrolysis hydrogen production system and water electrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method for operation stability of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The control method comprises the steps that output parameters of a green energy supply device are collected; according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device, whether the green energy supply device meets the operation requirement of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system or not is judged; when it is judged that the green energy supply device cannot meet the operation requirement of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to be switched from energy supply of the green energy supply device to energy supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to energy supply of an external power grid to energy supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; and in the process that energy supply from the green energy supply device to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is switched to energy supply from the external power grid to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted according to output parameters of the green energy supply device, and the electrolytic efficiency of the electrolytic bath is corrected. According to the technical scheme, stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and in particular, to a control method for operating stability of a hydrogen production system by water electrolysis and a hydrogen production system by water electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is a system that produces hydrogen through the water electrolysis process. Through the process of water electrolysis, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen to achieve zero emissions. In the actual application of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will face the problem of energy fluctuation, that is, the energy supplying the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will fluctuate, further leading to fluctuations in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The fluctuations of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are difficult to recover quickly, affecting the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and will also limit the economy and sustainability of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and reduce the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling the operational stability of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, so as to solve the problem in the related art that fluctuations in the energy supplying the water electrolysis hydrogen production system may lead to fluctuations in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0004] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a control method for the operational stability of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided, wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline, and a green energy supply device and an external power grid for supplying energy to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are in communication with the electrolyzer, and are used to discharge a gas-liquid mixture generated during the electrolysis process from the electrolyzer, and the control method comprises:

[0005] Collect output parameters of green energy supply devices;

[0006] Shanghai 2024-11483(M240572CNI)

[0007] Determining whether the green energy supply device meets the operation requirements of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device;

[0008] When it is determined that the green energy supply device cannot meet the operating needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to be switched from being powered by the green energy supply device to being powered by an external power grid, and in the process of switching the water electrolysis hydrogen production system from being powered by the green energy supply device to being powered by an external power grid, the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0009] Optionally, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a pressure regulating element for regulating the pressure of the gas, a flow regulating element for regulating the flow of the gas, and a temperature regulating element for regulating the temperature of the gas.

[0010] According to the output parameters of the green energy supply device and the changes in the output parameters, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the flow rate of the gas and the temperature of the gas is adjusted through the pressure regulating element, the flow regulating element and the temperature regulating element to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell.

[0011] Optionally, the adjusting at least one of the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline by the pressure adjusting element, the flow rate adjusting element and the temperature adjusting element according to the output parameter of the green energy supply device and the change in the output parameter to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer comprises:

[0012] In a first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is less than a second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas is controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer;

[0013] In the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas is controlled to decrease, and / or the hydrogen outlet pipeline is controlled to be lowered. Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0014] and the flow rate of the gas in the oxygen outlet pipeline is increased to reduce the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell;

[0015] During the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device decreases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas is controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0016] Optionally, when the change in the output parameter is greater than the second preset value, the greater the change in the output parameter, the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, and / or the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, and / or the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system further includes a power supply and feeding device electrically connected to the green energy supply device and the external power grid and the green energy supply device respectively.

[0018] The control method further comprises:

[0019] When the output parameter of the green energy supply device exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the part exceeding the preset power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen, and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

[0020] Optionally, the feeding device feeding the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid comprises:

[0021] Obtaining the power demand of the external power grid;

[0022] If the power demand of the external power grid is at a peak demand period, the part exceeding the preset power is preferentially fed to the external power grid to meet the peak load demand;

[0023] If the power demand of the external power grid is in a low demand period, the portion exceeding the preset power will be preferentially provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen.

[0024] Optionally, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system further comprises a hydrogen storage device for storing the generated hydrogen.

[0025] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided with a hydrogen consumption analysis module, and the hydrogen consumption analysis module is provided with an actual hydrogen consumption demand calculation module and a theoretical hydrogen consumption evaluation module; wherein the actual hydrogen consumption demand module is used to calculate the actual hydrogen consumption Ma within a set time t, and the theoretical hydrogen consumption evaluation module is used to calculate the theoretical hydrogen consumption Mb within the set time t according to historical hydrogen consumption data;

[0026] The step of preferentially providing the portion exceeding the preset power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen comprises:

[0027] According to the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold value Vmax of the hydrogen storage device, the minimum hydrogen storage capacity Vmin of the hydrogen storage device, the current hydrogen storage capacity V0 of the hydrogen storage device, the actual hydrogen consumption Ma and the theoretical hydrogen consumption Mb, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G within the set time t is obtained. When the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G meets the conditions, the part exceeding the preset power is preferentially provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen.

[0028] The maximum hydrogen production flow rate G is the amount of hydrogen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when all the power exceeding the preset power is provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system within the set time t, and the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G satisfies:

[0029] i is the time period number into which the set time length t is divided according to the set time intervals, i=1, 2...n;

[0030] ti is the duration of the i-th time period;

[0031] Ki is the environmental coefficient of the i-th time period; 0.7≤Ki≤1.1, the higher the temperature of the environment in the i-th time period, the greater Ki;

[0032] Ms=Max(Ma,Mb), which means taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb;

[0033]

[0034] Optionally, the control method further includes:

[0035] When the total output power Pi of the green energy supply device in the set time period t is greater than or equal to the sum of the required power Wi of the external power grid in the set time period t and the required power Qi of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the set time period t, the output power of the green energy supply device is reduced.

[0036] in, i is the serial number of the time period into which the set duration is divided according to the set time intervals, i=1, 2...n.

[0037] Optionally, reducing the output power of the green energy supply device includes:

[0038] Obtaining the output power of each green energy unit in the green energy supply device and sorting the output power of all green energy units in order from low to high output power;

[0039] Determining the minimum rated output power of each of the green energy units;

[0040] Starting from the green energy unit with the lowest output power, the output power of the green energy unit is reduced in sequence to the corresponding lowest rated output power until the total output power Pi is consistent with the sum of the required electric power Wi and the required electric power Qi.

[0041] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprising an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline and a green energy supply device for supplying energy to the electrolyzer, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system being used to execute any one of the control methods described above.

[0042] The solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0043] Through the above technical solution, according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device, it is possible to determine whether the energy generated by the green energy supply device, such as electric energy, fluctuates. When the output parameters of the green energy supply device fluctuate, the energy supplied by the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will also fluctuate, further causing fluctuations in the electrolyzer and electrolysis efficiency. When the output parameters of the green energy supply device fluctuate, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be controlled to switch from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid supplying the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The electric energy generated by the external power grid is more stable, so that the energy supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be restored from a fluctuating state to a stable state, and the fluctuations of the electrolyzer and the electrolysis efficiency can be quickly restored to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. Furthermore, when the electrolysis efficiency fluctuates, the amount of the gas-liquid mixture produced will also fluctuate, and the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will also fluctuate. At this time, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be adjusted. Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0044] The gas parameters and / or gas parameters in the electrolyzer are adjusted, and since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer, when the gas parameters and / or gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted, the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer can be indirectly adjusted. In this way, when the energy supplied by the green energy supply device to the electrolysis water hydrogen production system fluctuates, by adjusting the gas parameters and / or gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the electrolysis water hydrogen production system can quickly overcome the energy fluctuation and can make the electrolysis water hydrogen production system quickly return to a stable operating state after the energy fluctuation, ensuring the stable operation of the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, and ensuring the economy, sustainability and service life of the electrolysis water hydrogen production system. At the same time, when the energy fluctuates, compared with directly adjusting the electrolyzer, indirectly adjusting the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer through the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can make the changes in the electrolyzer softer during the adjustment, avoiding the damage to the electrolyzer that may be caused when the electrolyzer is directly adjusted during the fluctuation of the electrolyzer.

[0045] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a control method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of another control method provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] Shanghai 2024-11483(M240572CNI)

[0051] It should be understood that the "multiple" mentioned herein refers to two or more. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish between the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art can understand that the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit them to be necessarily different.

[0052] In addition, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements explicitly listed, but may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0053] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is a system that produces hydrogen through the water electrolysis process. Through the process of water electrolysis, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen to achieve zero emissions. In the actual application of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will face the problem of energy fluctuation, that is, the energy supplying the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will fluctuate, which will further lead to fluctuations in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The fluctuations of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are difficult to recover quickly, which affects the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and also limits the economy and sustainability of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and reduces the service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. In the actual application of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, renewable energy is usually selected to supply energy for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, etc. Renewable energy is also called green energy, but the output parameters of renewable energy will be directly affected by weather conditions, which will affect the power generation efficiency of renewable energy, and further lead to fluctuations in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. For example, solar power generation depends on sunlight. When the sky is cloudy or the weather is gloomy, the output parameters of solar cells will decrease and the power generation efficiency will be significantly reduced. Similarly, wind power generation is also restricted by meteorological conditions such as wind speed and wind direction. When the wind speed is unstable or the wind is insufficient, the power generation of wind turbines will also be affected.

[0054] The technical level is also an important factor affecting the stability of energy supply. Taking solar energy as an example, the conversion efficiency of solar cells is limited by factors such as materials and processes. At present, the conversion efficiency of solar cells is generally not high, resulting in large fluctuations in the output parameters of solar cells. Similarly, wind power generation equipment also has technical parameter limitations such as cut-in wind speed and cut-out wind speed. When the wind speed is lower than the cut-in wind speed or higher than the cut-out wind speed, the wind turbine cannot work normally or needs to shut down for protection, thus affecting the stability of energy supply.

[0055] According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a control method for the operation stability of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline, and a green energy supply device and an external power grid for supplying energy to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer and are used to discharge the gas-liquid mixture generated during the electrolysis process from the electrolyzer. The control method includes: step S100: collecting output parameters of the green energy supply device; step S200: judging whether the green energy supply device meets the water electrolysis control requirements according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device. The operation needs of the hydrogen production system; step S300: when it is determined that the green energy supply device cannot meet the operation needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to switch from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid, and in the process of switching the water electrolysis hydrogen production system from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid, according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device, the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0056] Through the above technical scheme, it is judged whether the green energy supply device meets the operation needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the purpose is to judge whether the energy generated by the green energy supply device, such as electric energy, fluctuates. When the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates, at this time, the green energy supply device cannot meet the operation needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, which will further cause the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer to fluctuate. At this time, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be controlled to switch from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid to supply the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The electric energy generated by the external power grid is more stable, so that the energy supplied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be restored from a fluctuating state to a stable state, and the fluctuations of the electrolyzer and the electrolysis efficiency can be quickly restored to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. Further, when the electrolysis efficiency Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI) fluctuates, the amount of the gas-liquid mixture produced will also fluctuate, and the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will also fluctuate. At this time, the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be adjusted. Since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer, when the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted, the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer can be indirectly adjusted. In this way, when the green energy supply device does not meet the operating needs of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be adjusted, so that the electrolytic water hydrogen production system can quickly overcome energy fluctuations and can quickly restore the electrolytic water hydrogen production system to a stable operating state after energy fluctuations, ensuring the stable operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, and ensuring the economy, sustainability and service life of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system. At the same time, when the green energy supply device does not meet the operating needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, compared with directly adjusting the electrolyzer, indirectly adjusting the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer through the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can make the changes in the electrolyzer during adjustment more gentle, avoiding damage to the electrolyzer that may be caused by directly adjusting the electrolyzer when the electrolyzer fluctuates.

[0057] In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can discharge the gas generated during the electrolysis process from the electrolyzer, and further transport it to the gas-liquid separator to effectively separate the gas-liquid mixture. Whether it is an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system or a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system, there will be a cathode area and an anode area in the electrolyzer. Taking the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system as an example, the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system will use alkaline electrolyte as raw material, produce hydrogen in the cathode area, and produce oxygen in the anode area. The produced hydrogen and oxygen will be mixed with the alkaline electrolyte and discharged from the electrolyzer into the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline respectively. Similarly, taking the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system as an example, in the electrolyzer, the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system will use pure water as raw material, produce hydrogen in the cathode area, and produce oxygen in the anode area. The produced hydrogen and oxygen will be mixed with pure water and discharged from the electrolyzer into the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline. Since two gases are produced simultaneously in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, generally speaking, in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the hydrogen outlet pipeline contains a gas-liquid separator composed of hydrogen and electrolysis raw materials, and the oxygen outlet pipeline contains a gas-liquid separator composed of oxygen and electrolysis raw materials. It should be noted that in this application, the above-mentioned and the following mentioned parameter adjustment of the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can refer to the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline in an electrolyzer Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0058] It can also refer to adjusting the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline in an electrolyzer at the same time.

[0059] When solar energy is used as renewable energy and as a green energy supply device to supply energy to a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, when cloud cover is blocked or the weather is gloomy, the output parameters of the green energy supply device will fluctuate, that is, the energy supplied by the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system will fluctuate. At this time, by adjusting the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can quickly overcome the fluctuations in the output parameters of the green energy supply device and can quickly restore the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to a stable operating state after the output parameters of the green energy supply device fluctuate, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ensuring the economy, sustainability and service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. In some embodiments, a pressure regulating element for gas pressure, a flow regulating element for regulating gas flow, and a temperature regulating element for regulating gas temperature may be respectively provided in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline. At least one of the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is adjusted according to the output parameter of the green energy supply device. Correcting the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer may include: according to the output parameter of the green energy supply device and the change amount of the output parameter, at least one of the pressure, gas flow, and gas temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is adjusted by the pressure regulating element, the flow regulating element, and the temperature regulating element to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. According to the output parameter of the green energy supply device, the change trend of the energy generated by the green energy supply device can be judged. When the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases, it means that the energy generated by the green energy supply device is gradually increasing. On the contrary, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device decreases, it means that the energy generated by the green energy supply device is gradually decreasing. The change in the output parameters can be used to determine whether the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates. When the change in the output parameters is too large, it means that the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates. When the change in the output parameters is normal, it means that the energy generated by the green energy supply device does not fluctuate. When the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates, it will cause fluctuations in the electrolyzer and electrolysis efficiency. Furthermore, the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will also fluctuate. At this time, the gas pressure, flow rate and temperature can be adjusted. Since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are consistent with Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0060] The electrolytic cells are connected, and when the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the temperature of the gas and the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted, the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolytic cell can also be indirectly adjusted.

[0061] Specifically, in some embodiments, in the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas can be controlled to decrease, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to increase, so as to reduce the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. When the change in the output parameter is greater than the second preset value, it means that the output parameter of the green energy supply device fluctuates at this time, the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates, and the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases, that is, the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates and suddenly increases, further causing fluctuations in the electrolysis system of hydrogen production by water, and the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer will suddenly increase with the increase in energy. In order to overcome this fluctuation of the sudden increase in the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas can be controlled to decrease, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to increase, so as to quickly reduce the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer, so that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer can be restored to a normal range. In this way, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can quickly overcome energy fluctuations and can quickly restore the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to a stable operating state after energy fluctuations, ensuring the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ensuring the economy, sustainability and service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0062] For example, when the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is lowered, the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will absorb more heat. Since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can indirectly cool the electrolyzer to reduce the temperature of the gas and liquid in the electrolyzer. When the temperature of the liquid is reduced, the conductivity of the liquid will decrease, and the degree of ionization of the liquid will decrease. At the same time, the temperature reduction will also reduce the ion diffusion coefficient in the liquid, which is not conducive to the discharge of hydrogen and oxygen, thereby reducing the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. When the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is reduced, the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can store more gas, and the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will continue to discharge the already pure gas. In this way, when the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0063] When the gas produced increases rapidly and the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are increased, more gas can be stored in the electrolyzer to avoid excessive pressure in the electrolyzer due to the increase in electrolysis efficiency. The pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly reduced until it returns to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is within the normal working range. Increasing the flow rate of gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can promote the rapid discharge of gas. In this way, when the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer increases rapidly and the gas produced also increases, the gas will not accumulate in the electrolyzer, avoiding excessive pressure in the electrolyzer due to the increase in electrolysis efficiency. The pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly reduced until it returns to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is within the normal working range.

[0064] In the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device decreases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas can be controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. When the change in the output parameter is greater than the second preset value, it means that the output parameter of the green energy supply device fluctuates, the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates, and the output parameter of the green energy supply device decreases, that is, the energy generated by the green energy supply device fluctuates and suddenly decreases, further causing fluctuations in the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, and the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer will suddenly decrease as the energy decreases. In order to overcome this fluctuation of the sudden decrease in the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolyzer, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas can be controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to decrease, so as to quickly improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer, so that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer can be restored to a normal range. In this way, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can quickly overcome energy fluctuations and can quickly restore the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to a stable operating state after energy fluctuations, ensuring the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ensuring the economy, sustainability and service life of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0065] For example, when the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is increased, the liquid in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will dissipate more heat. Since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer, the heat dissipated in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will flow into the electrolyzer to increase the temperature of the gas and liquid in the electrolyzer until the temperature in the electrolyzer reaches a suitable operating temperature. When the liquid temperature rises, the heat dissipated in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will flow into the electrolyzer.

[0066] When the temperature is high, the conductivity of the liquid will increase, and the degree of ionization of the liquid will increase, thereby reducing the ohmic loss in the electrolysis process and improving the current efficiency. At the same time, the increase in temperature will increase the ion diffusion coefficient in the liquid, which will help accelerate the discharge of electrolysis products, namely hydrogen and oxygen, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency. The increase in temperature will also reduce the solubility of hydrogen and oxygen in water, which will help to quickly discharge the gas and reduce the adhesion of bubbles on the electrode surface. Improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. When the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline increases, the gas produced by the electrolysis of the electrolyzer is not easy to enter the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and accumulates in the electrolyzer, so that the pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly increased until it returns to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is within the normal working range. Reducing the flow rate of gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can avoid promoting the rapid discharge of gas. In this way, when the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer decreases rapidly and the generated gas also decreases, the gas will accumulate in the electrolyzer, avoiding the pressure in the electrolyzer being too low due to the reduction in electrolysis efficiency. The pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly increased until it returns to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is within the normal working range.

[0067] In the present application, it is not only possible to adjust at least one of the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the temperature of the gas, and the pressure of the gas when fluctuations occur, so as to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. In some other embodiments, the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer can also be corrected when the electrolyzer is just started, so that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer can quickly reach a stable operation state. In the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is less than the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas can be controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. In the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is less than the second preset value, it means that at this time, in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the energy supplied by the green energy supply device has not fluctuated. However, from the energy change trend of the green energy supply device, it can be judged that the energy supplied by the green energy supply device has gradually increased but has not fluctuated. That is, at this time, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is just in the starting stage, that is, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system has just started. At this time, the working pressure and working pressure of the electrolyzer have not increased to the appropriate range, and the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0068] The rate is low. At this time, at least one of the pressure and temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

[0069] For example, when the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is increased, the liquid in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will dissipate more heat. Since the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are connected to the electrolyzer, the heat dissipated in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline will flow into the electrolyzer to increase the temperature of the gas and liquid in the electrolyzer until the temperature in the electrolyzer reaches a suitable working temperature. When the liquid temperature rises, the conductivity of the liquid increases, and the ionization degree of the liquid increases, thereby reducing the ohmic loss in the electrolysis process and improving the current efficiency. At the same time, the temperature increase will increase the ion diffusion coefficient in the liquid, which helps to accelerate the discharge of the electrolysis products, namely hydrogen and oxygen, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency. In addition, the temperature increase will also reduce the solubility of hydrogen and oxygen in water, which helps to quickly discharge the gas and reduce the attachment of bubbles to the electrode surface. Improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. When the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline increases, the gas produced by electrolysis in the electrolyzer is not easy to enter the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and accumulates in the electrolyzer, so that the pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly increased until it is restored to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is within the normal working range. Reducing the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can avoid promoting the rapid discharge of the gas. In this way, when the electrolyzer is in the starting stage, it will accelerate the accumulation of gas in the electrolyzer, and the pressure in the electrolyzer can be quickly increased to the working pressure, ensuring that the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer reaches the normal working range as soon as possible.

[0070] The first time period mentioned above is designed based on judging whether the green energy supply device fluctuates. For example, the first time period is designed to be 5s, that is, detection is performed every 5s. In this application, no limitation is made on the numerical value of the first time period, and an adaptive design can be performed according to actual conditions. At the same time, the first preset value can also be adaptively set according to different types and specifications of the electrolytic cell, and this disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0071] The pressure regulating element and flow regulating element for gas pressure mentioned above can be a valve body. By changing the opening of the valve body, not only the flow rate of the gas in the pipeline can be adjusted, but also the pressure of the gas in the pipeline can be adjusted. When the opening of the valve body increases, the pressure of the gas in the pipeline decreases, and the gas in the pipeline is reduced. Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0072] The increase in gas flow makes it easier for the gas in the electrolyzer to be discharged from the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline. When the valve body opening is reduced, the pressure of the gas in the pipeline increases and the flow of the gas in the pipeline decreases, making it more difficult for the gas in the electrolyzer to be discharged from the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline.

[0073] The temperature regulating element for regulating the temperature of the gas mentioned above can be an electric heater and a Peltier respectively arranged in the pipeline. When the temperature of the gas in the pipeline needs to be increased, the electric heater can be started to heat the gas in the pipeline. When the temperature of the gas in the pipeline needs to be reduced, the Peltier can be started. The Peltier itself cannot produce cooling air, but the Peltier can transfer the heat of the gas in the pipeline to the hot end of the Peltier, resulting in a reduction in the temperature of the gas in the pipeline. In this application, the specific settings of the pressure regulating element, the flow regulating element and the temperature regulating element are not limited, as long as it is ensured that the gas parameters in the pipeline can be adjusted accordingly.

[0074] When the change in the output parameter is greater than the second preset value, that is, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device fluctuates, as described above, the fluctuation of the output parameter may refer to a sudden increase or decrease in the output parameter of the green energy supply device. The greater the change in the output parameter, the higher the amplitude of the fluctuation of the output parameter of the green energy supply device. At this time, the amplitude of the increase or decrease of the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be higher, and / or the amplitude of the increase or decrease of the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be higher, and / or the amplitude of the increase or decrease of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be higher. In other words, the amplitude of adjusting the liquid parameters and gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be proportional to the amplitude of the fluctuation of the output parameter of the green energy supply device. When the amplitude of the fluctuation of the output parameter of the green energy supply device is higher, it means that the fluctuation of the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is more obvious. In order to ensure the stable operation of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the amplitude of adjusting the liquid parameters and gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be increased, so that the electrolyzer can quickly return to a stable operation state.

[0075] In the present application, the above-mentioned adjustment of the gas parameters and at least one of the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device is used to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer. The gas parameters and at least one of the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline can be adjusted manually, or the control device can be controlled automatically. According to the fluctuation amplitude of the output parameters of the green energy supply device, the control device can be provided with corresponding gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline. Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0076] The adjustment range of the liquid parameters and gas parameters, when fluctuations are detected, select the adjustment range of the liquid parameters and gas parameters in the corresponding hydrogen outlet pipeline and oxygen outlet pipeline according to the fluctuation range of the output parameters of the green energy supply device, and then connect the control device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to ensure automatic adjustment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. In this application, the control device and the automatic adjustment method are not limited. Under the condition of ensuring the stable operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, it is sufficient to achieve automatic adjustment of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0077] In some embodiments, during the first time period, when the change in the output parameter of the green energy supply device is greater than the second preset value, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to switch from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid. When the change in the output parameter of the green energy supply device is greater than the second preset value, regardless of whether the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases or decreases, the output parameter of the green energy supply device fluctuates. At this time, the energy generated by the green energy supply device also appears. At this time, it is necessary to control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to switch from the green energy supply device to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the external power grid, so that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can quickly recover to the state before the fluctuation.

[0078] Correspondingly, during the first time period, when the change in the output parameter of the green energy supply device is less than the second preset value, it indicates that the output parameter of the green energy supply device has returned to stability. At this time, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be controlled to switch from the external power grid to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to the green energy supply device, thereby further saving energy and avoiding energy waste.

[0079] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system may further include a power supply and feeding device electrically connected to the green energy supply device and the external power grid and the green energy supply device respectively. The control method may further include step S400: when the output parameter of the green energy supply device exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the part exceeding the preset power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen, and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid. In this way, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device exceeds the preset power, it means that the green energy supply device outputs more energy, and some of the energy is not utilized. At this time, the energy that is not fully utilized can be further utilized, that is, it is provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen, and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid. Ensure that the energy output by the green energy supply device is not wasted.

[0080] Further, feeding the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid by the power supply and feeding device may include:

[0081] Obtain the power demand situation of the external power grid; if the power demand of the external power grid is in the peak demand period, preferentially feed the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid to meet the peak shaving needs; if the power demand of the external power grid is in the low demand period, preferentially provide the part exceeding the preset power to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system for hydrogen production. When the power demand of the external power grid is in the peak demand period, it means that the external power grid needs a large amount of electric energy at this time. At this time, the feeding device can preferentially feed the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid. If the power demand of the external power grid is in the low demand period, it means that the power demand of the external power grid is low. At this time, control the feeding device to provide the part exceeding the preset power to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system for hydrogen production.

[0082] In some embodiments, the electrolytic water hydrogen production system may further include a hydrogen storage device for storing the produced hydrogen. The electrolytic water hydrogen production system is provided with a hydrogen usage analysis module, and the hydrogen usage analysis module is provided with an actual hydrogen usage demand calculation module and a theoretical hydrogen usage evaluation module; wherein, the actual hydrogen usage demand module is used to calculate the actual hydrogen usage amount Ma within the set time period t, and the theoretical hydrogen usage evaluation module is used to calculate the theoretical hydrogen usage amount Mb within the set time t according to the historical hydrogen usage data;

[0083] According to the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold Vmax of the hydrogen storage device, the minimum hydrogen storage capacity Vmin of the hydrogen storage device, the current hydrogen storage amount V0 of the hydrogen storage device, the actual hydrogen usage amount Ma, and the theoretical hydrogen usage amount Mb, obtain the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G within the set time t. When the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G meets the conditions, preferentially provide the part exceeding the preset power to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system for hydrogen production. Among them, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G is the hydrogen amount of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system when all the power exceeding the preset power is provided to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system within the set time t. The maximum hydrogen production flow rate G satisfies: (Vmin - V0 - Ms) ≤ i is the serial number of the time period obtained by dividing the set time period t at a set time interval, i = 1, 2... n; ti is the duration of the i-th time period; Ki is the environmental coefficient of the i-th time period; 0.7 ≤ Ki ≤ 1.1. The higher the temperature of the environment within the i-th time period, the larger Ki; Ms = Max(Ma, Mb), indicating taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb, When the external environmental temperature is greater than or equal to 40 °C, 0.7 ≤ Ki ≤ 0.85; when the external environmental temperature is less than 40 °C and greater than 35 °C, 0.85 < Ki ≤ 0.95; when the external environmental temperature is less than or equal to 35 °C and greater than 25 °C, 0.95 < Ki ≤ 1.0; when the external environmental temperature is less than 25 °C, 1.0 < Ki ≤ 1.1.

[0084] Vmin - V0 - Ms represents the minimum hydrogen amount that the hydrogen storage device can store, and Vmax - V0 - Ms represents the maximum hydrogen amount that the hydrogen storage device can store. Represents the duration of the set time period t, because the change of temperature can affect the volume of the stored gas, so Ki is also needed here. In this way, when G satisfies the above formula, it means that when the power exceeding the preset power is fully provided to the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, the hydrogen storage device can also store the produced hydrogen, so as to avoid the problem that the power exceeding the preset power is fully provided to the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, but the produced hydrogen cannot be stored and causes energy waste. When G does not meet the above formula, for example, when G is greater than (Vmax-V0-Ms), it is explained that there will be a phenomenon of energy waste, at this time, the part exceeding the preset power can be provided to the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, and the other part is provided to the external power grid, and for another example, when G is less than (Vmin-V0-Ms), it is explained that if the power exceeding the preset power is fully provided to the electrolysis water hydrogen production system, the produced hydrogen does not meet the storage conditions of the hydrogen storage device, and at this time, the part exceeding the preset power can be fully provided to the external power grid to avoid energy waste.

[0085] The control method may further include step 500: when the total output power Pi of the green energy supply device within the set time period t is greater than or equal to the sum of the required power Wi of the external power grid within the set time period t and the required power Qi of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system within the set time period t, reducing the output power of the green energy supply device,

[0086] in, i is the time period number that divides the set time length according to the set time interval, i = 1, 2...n. When the total output power Pi of the green energy supply device in the set time period t is greater than or equal to the sum of the required power Wi of the external power grid in the set time period t and the required power Qi of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the set time period t, it means that the energy generated by the green energy supply device is wasted, and neither the water electrolysis hydrogen production system nor the external power grid can further utilize the energy. At this time, it is necessary to reduce the output power of the green energy supply device to avoid energy waste.

[0087] Reducing the output power of the green energy supply device may include: obtaining the output power of each green energy unit in the green energy supply device and sorting the output power of all green energy units in order of output power from low to high; determining the minimum rated output power of each green energy unit; starting from the green energy unit with the lowest output power, successively reducing the output power of the green energy unit to the corresponding minimum rated output power, until the total output power Pi is consistent with the sum of the required electric power Wi and the required electric power Qi. In this way, starting from the green energy unit with the lowest output power, it is ensured that when the output power of the green energy supply device is reduced, the fluctuation of the output power of the green energy supply device will not be too large, and at the same time, it will also make the reduction of the output power of the green energy supply device more accurate. The consistency here means that it is roughly similar, that is, it is allowed to fluctuate within a certain range. Since the green energy supply device will be affected by weather reasons, the total output power Pi cannot be completely consistent with the sum of the required electric power Wi and the required electric power Qi. Therefore, when the total output power Pi is compared with the sum of the required electric power Wi and the required electric power Qi, it is allowed to fluctuate within a certain range.

[0088] The above-mentioned calculation method proposed in this application is not used in any existing technology. We have refined the hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system in a time grid manner and taken into account the possible mismatch between the actual usage and estimated amount of hydrogen storage capacity and the possible environmental impact on the actual hydrogen storage capacity. This makes our control and energy management of hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system more scientific and accurate, and the overall system energy efficiency is higher.

[0089] Based on the amount of hydrogen and oxygen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, it can be determined whether the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer fluctuates. Theoretically, the volume ratio of hydrogen and oxygen produced by electrolysis is 2:1 (according to the chemical equation 2H2O→2H2+O2). Therefore, by comparing the actual gas ratio with the theoretical value, the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer can be indirectly obtained. The specific steps are as follows:

[0090] The first step is to accurately measure the volume of hydrogen and oxygen coming out of the electrolyzer over a period of time, and then find out the actual volume ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. Ideally, this ratio should be 2:1.

[0091] Step 2: Analyze the deviation: compare the actual measured gas ratio with the theoretical value of 2:1. If the actual ratio deviates from 2:1, the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer is affected by the fluctuation of the green energy supply device. Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI)

[0092] There is fluctuation.

[0093] In addition, other factors that may affect the electrolysis efficiency besides the gas ratio can also be considered, such as temperature, pressure, and electrolyte concentration. Changes in temperature and pressure will affect the volume of the gas, which in turn affects the accuracy of the measurement results. The electrolyte concentration will also affect the efficiency of the electrolysis process and thus affect the volume of the gas.

[0094] According to the second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided, which includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline, and a green energy supply device for supplying energy to the electrolyzer. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used to execute the control method of any of the above-mentioned embodiments. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned control method, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0096] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0097] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the operating stability of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline, and a green energy supply device and an external power grid for supplying energy to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are respectively connected to the electrolyzer to discharge the gas-liquid mixture generated during the electrolysis process from the electrolyzer. The control method comprises: Collect output parameters of green energy supply devices; Determining whether the green energy supply device meets the operation requirements of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device; When it is determined that the green energy supply device cannot meet the operating needs of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to be switched from being powered by the green energy supply device to being powered by an external power grid, and in the process of switching the water electrolysis hydrogen production system from being powered by the green energy supply device to being powered by an external power grid, the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are adjusted according to the output parameters of the green energy supply device to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a pressure regulating element for regulating the pressure of the gas, a flow regulating element for regulating the flow of the gas, and a temperature regulating element for regulating the temperature of the gas. Adjusting at least one of the gas parameters in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline according to the output parameter of the green energy supply device to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer includes: According to the output parameters of the green energy supply device and the changes in the output parameters, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, the flow rate of the gas and the temperature of the gas is adjusted through the pressure regulating element, the flow regulating element and the temperature regulating element to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolytic cell.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of adjusting at least one of the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline by the pressure regulating element, the flow rate regulating element and the temperature regulating element according to the output parameter of the green energy supply device and the change amount of the output parameter to correct the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer comprises: In a first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is less than a second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas is controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer; During the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device increases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas in the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to decrease, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to increase, so as to reduce the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer; During the first time period, when the output parameter of the green energy supply device decreases and the change in the output parameter is greater than or equal to the second preset value, at least one of the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the temperature of the gas is controlled to increase, and / or the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline is controlled to decrease, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolyzer.

4. The control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the change in the output parameter is greater than the second preset value, the greater the change in the output parameter, the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the pressure of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, and / or the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the flow rate of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline, and / or the higher the amplitude of the increase or decrease in the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen outlet pipeline and the oxygen outlet pipeline.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI) It also includes a power supply and feeding device electrically connected to the green energy supply device and the external power grid and the green energy supply device respectively. The control method further comprises: When the output parameter of the green energy supply device exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the part exceeding the preset power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen, and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of feeding the power supply and feeding device with a portion of power exceeding a preset power to the external power grid comprises: Obtaining the power demand of the external power grid; If the power demand of the external power grid is at a peak demand period, the part exceeding the preset power is preferentially fed to the external power grid to meet the peak load demand; If the power demand of the external power grid is in a low demand period, the portion exceeding the preset power will be preferentially provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system also includes a hydrogen storage device for storing the generated hydrogen. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is provided with a hydrogen consumption analysis module, and the hydrogen consumption analysis module is provided with an actual hydrogen consumption demand calculation module and a theoretical hydrogen consumption evaluation module; wherein the actual hydrogen consumption demand module is used to calculate the actual hydrogen consumption Ma within a set time t, and the theoretical hydrogen consumption evaluation module is used to calculate the theoretical hydrogen consumption Mb within the set time t according to historical hydrogen consumption data; The step of preferentially providing the portion of power exceeding the preset power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen comprises: According to the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold value Vmax of the hydrogen storage device, the minimum hydrogen storage capacity Vmin of the hydrogen storage device, the current hydrogen storage capacity V0 of the hydrogen storage device, the actual hydrogen consumption Ma and the theoretical hydrogen consumption Mb, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G within the set time t is obtained, when the maximum Shanghai 2024-11483 (M240572CNI) When the large hydrogen production flow rate G meets the conditions, the part exceeding the preset power is preferentially provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen. The maximum hydrogen production flow rate G is the amount of hydrogen in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system when all the power exceeding the preset power is provided to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system within the set time t, and the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G satisfies: i is the time period number into which the set time length t is divided according to the set time intervals, i=1, 2...n; ti is the duration of the i-th time period; Ki is the environmental coefficient of the i-th time period; 0.7≤Ki≤1.1, the higher the temperature of the environment in the i-th time period, the greater Ki; Ms=Max(Ma,Mb), which means taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb; 8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: When the total output power Pi of the green energy supply device in the set time period t is greater than or equal to the sum of the required power Wi of the external power grid in the set time period t and the required power Qi of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in the set time period t, the output power of the green energy supply device is reduced. in, i is the time period number into which the set time length t is divided according to the set time intervals, i=1, 2...n.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Shanghai 2024-11483(M240572CNI) The reducing the output power of the green energy supply device comprises: Obtaining the output power of each green energy unit in the green energy supply device and sorting the output power of all green energy units in order from low to high output power; Determining the minimum rated output power of each of the green energy units; Starting from the green energy unit with the lowest output power, the output power of the green energy unit is reduced in sequence to the corresponding lowest rated output power until the total output power Pi is consistent with the sum of the required electric power Wi and the required electric power Qi.

10. A system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises an electrolyzer, a hydrogen outlet pipeline, an oxygen outlet pipeline and a green energy supply device for supplying energy to the electrolyzer. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is used to execute the control method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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