A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of subway construction control, and specifically discloses a dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction, comprising an interval geological exploration module, a geological section division module, an excavation planning module, an excavation process monitoring module, an exploration compliance analysis module, an excavation delay assessment module, an excavation delay analysis module and an excavation planning adjustment module. Before excavating a subway tunnel, excavation progress planning is performed based on the geological exploration results of each interval line, and then excavation progress monitoring is performed during the excavation operation of the first interval line, thereby analyzing the delay deviation and delay guiding factors between the actual excavation progress and the planned excavation progress, and accordingly making targeted adjustments to the excavation planning progress of subsequent interval lines, ensuring that the progress planning can better adapt to the actual construction situation, can effectively avoid the continuous disconnection between the planned progress and the actual progress, significantly improve the effectiveness of the progress planning, and thus improve the overall controllability and success rate of the project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of subway construction control, and specifically discloses a dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous growth of population, urban traffic problems are becoming increasingly serious. As an efficient public transportation tool, subways have become an important means to alleviate urban traffic congestion. Therefore, subway construction has become more and more common in cities. Subway construction usually has a long construction period and involves multiple key links, including tunneling, track laying, and station construction. The construction progress of each link will have an important impact on the progress of the overall project, so effective progress management of subway construction is crucial.

[0003] At present, the progress management of subway construction usually starts with progress planning, and then progress control is used to ensure that the project proceeds as planned. For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112465390A in the prior art discloses a BIM-based subway station construction progress management method, which uses BIM technology to establish a model of the subway construction entity to prepare a construction progress plan, and then performs construction progress simulation, adjusts and optimizes conflicts or unreasonable areas, and then coordinates BIM with other information technologies for progress management. Finally, BIM and the net value method are combined to evaluate the project progress performance and analyze deviations.

[0004] For example, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112651675A discloses a subway construction progress management system and method based on a BIM small unmanned aerial vehicle. By establishing a subway model, a standard model with a construction progress plan is generated, and then the manually reported progress data is combined with the scanned progress generated by drone scanning and actual inspections by on-site personnel to obtain the actual progress on site. Finally, the standard model of the construction progress plan is compared with the actual progress model, thereby realizing the evaluation of the current progress status.

[0005] Both of the above schemes use the BIM model in the progress planning. Although it can make the planning closer to the actual construction needs, it is usually fixed after the progress planning is completed and lacks dynamic adjustment capabilities. This feature is particularly unfavorable in tunnel excavation construction, because the tunnel excavation process will be affected by a variety of unforeseen factors, such as bad weather and stratum wall stability, etc. These factors may cause a large deviation between the actual construction progress and the planned progress. Among them, the stability of the stratum wall is closely related to the geological characteristics. Similar geological characteristics may be encountered in different sections of tunnel excavation. If a fixed progress planning is adopted, the excavation progress planning of the lines with the same geological characteristics is often similar, and it is impossible to adjust in time according to the actual progress of the excavated line, resulting in a continuous disconnection between the planned progress and the actual progress, which is easy to cause the accumulation of construction risks and increase the possibility of project delays. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the present invention takes into account that tunnel excavation is the most core and critical part of subway construction. Track laying and station construction both rely on the completion of tunnel excavation. The progress of tunnel excavation directly determines the progress of the entire project. Therefore, a dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction is proposed for tunnel excavation progress management. By introducing a dynamic adjustment mechanism after the tunnel excavation progress planning is completed, the problems mentioned in the background technology are effectively compensated.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction, including: an interval geological exploration module, which is used to divide the subway construction line into interval lines according to the planning of the subway construction line, and perform geological exploration before tunneling in each interval line.

[0008] The geological section division module is used to divide the interval line into several geological sections based on the geological exploration results of the interval line, and obtain the exploration geological characteristics of each geological section.

[0009] The excavation planning module is used to carry out interval excavation planning based on the exploration geological characteristics of the geological section, specifically including planning excavation equipment, planning excavation speed and planning excavation cycle.

[0010] The excavation process monitoring module is used to conduct real-time geological monitoring, meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring during excavation according to the excavation plan of the first section of the line, and adjust the excavation speed based on the results of meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring, and then upload the actual geological characteristics, actual excavation speed and actual excavation cycle of each geological section after the excavation is completed.

[0011] The exploration conformity analysis module is used to compare the actual geological characteristics of each geological section in the first section of the line with the exploration geological characteristics to conduct geological exploration conformity analysis.

[0012] The excavation delay assessment module is used to compare the actual excavation period of the first section of the line with the planned excavation period to assess whether the excavation will be delayed.

[0013] The excavation delay analysis module is used to locate the geological section where the excavation delay is located when evaluating the excavation delay and record it as the target geological section, and then use the meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring results of the target geological section to analyze the excavation delay guidance factors.

[0014] The excavation plan adjustment module is used to adjust the excavation plan of subsequent section lines based on the geological exploration compliance analysis results and excavation delay guidance factors.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Before excavating the subway tunnel, the present invention plans the excavation progress based on the geological exploration results of each section line, and then monitors the excavation progress during the excavation operation of the first section section line, thereby analyzing the delay deviation and delay guiding factors between the actual excavation progress and the planned excavation progress, and accordingly making targeted adjustments to the excavation planning progress of subsequent section lines, ensuring that the progress planning can better adapt to the actual construction situation, effectively avoiding the continuous disconnection between the planned progress and the actual progress, and significantly improving the effectiveness of the progress planning, thereby improving the overall controllability and success rate of the project.

[0016] (2) When adjusting the excavation planning progress of the subsequent section line according to the excavation delay deviation and delay guiding factors of the constructed section line, the present invention can also take avoidance measures in advance according to the delay guiding factors, which can improve the construction efficiency and shorten the construction period to a certain extent, and at the same time help to reasonably allocate construction resources and avoid resource waste or shortage.

[0017] (3) The present invention adds a geological exploration adjustment based on the deviation between geological exploration and actual geological monitoring when adjusting the excavation progress plan. Since the excavation progress plan depends to a large extent on geological exploration data, the accuracy of the excavation progress plan will be affected when the geological exploration is inaccurate. By performing geological exploration adjustment, the accuracy of the data relied on in the subsequent excavation progress plan can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the excavation progress plan from the source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of each module of the system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the geological section division within the intermediate section line of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of data usage for geological monitoring, meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring in the tunneling process monitoring of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction, including an interval geological exploration module, a geological section division module connected to the interval geological exploration module, a tunneling planning module connected to the geological section division module, a tunneling process monitoring module connected to the tunneling planning module, an exploration compliance analysis module connected to the interval geological exploration module and the tunneling process monitoring module, a tunneling delay assessment module connected to the tunneling planning module and the tunneling process monitoring module, a tunneling delay analysis module connected to the tunneling delay assessment module, and a tunneling plan adjustment module connected to the exploration compliance analysis module and the tunneling delay analysis module.

[0024] The interval geological exploration module is used to divide the subway construction line into interval lines according to the planning of the subway construction line, and to perform geological exploration before tunneling of each interval line.

[0025] It should be pointed out that geological exploration mainly involves geological drilling on the interval line to obtain geological data, including rock and soil properties, groundwater level, stratum thickness, etc. The geological data obtained can provide data support for tunnel excavation planning. Among them, rock and soil properties reflect the physical and mechanical characteristics of rock and soil. Physical properties (such as density and porosity) reflect the physical properties of rock and soil, can evaluate the bearing capacity of rock and soil, and play a decisive role in the selection of tunnel excavation equipment. Mechanical properties (such as compressive strength, shear strength, and elastic modulus) reflect the behavior and response of rock and soil under stress conditions, and play a decisive role in the selection of excavation parameters. The height of the groundwater level directly affects the waterproof design of the tunnel and the selection of construction methods. High groundwater levels may increase the risk of tunnel water inrush, and effective drainage measures need to be taken. The thickness of the stratum also affects the selection of excavation equipment to a certain extent. For example, hard rock strata with a large stratum thickness are suitable for full-section tunnel boring machines, while soft soil strata with a small stratum thickness are suitable for shield machines.

[0026] In the geological drilling described above, rock and soil samples may be collected and analyzed in a laboratory, for example. In another example, geophysical exploration methods (such as resistivity method, seismic wave method, electromagnetic method, etc.) may be used to detect underground geological structures.

[0027] The geological segment division module is used to divide the interval line into several geological segments based on the geological exploration results of the interval line. Figure 2 As shown, the exploration geological characteristics of each geological section are obtained.

[0028] As a preferred implementation of the above scheme, the interval line is divided into several geological sections. See the following process: the length and the starting and ending stations of the interval line are obtained, and the interval line is evenly distributed to generate several exploration points.

[0029] The exploration points are arranged in the order from the starting point to the end point of the interval route, and geological exploration is carried out in sequence according to the arrangement order of the exploration points, and the geological characteristics of each exploration point are recorded, where the geological characteristics include rock and soil properties, groundwater level, and stratum thickness.

[0030] The similarity of the geological characteristics of each pair of adjacent exploration points is calculated and compared with the similarity threshold preset by the system. If the geological exploration similarity of adjacent exploration points meets the similarity threshold, the line between the two points is classified as the same geological section, and the latter exploration point in the adjacent exploration points and the next exploration point form a new adjacent exploration point to continue the similarity calculation. If it does not meet the similarity threshold, the former exploration point in the adjacent exploration points is used as the cutoff point of the current geological section, and the latter exploration point in the adjacent exploration points and the next exploration point form a new adjacent exploration point pair to continue the similarity calculation.

[0031] As a specific implementation of the above scheme, similarity calculation can normalize the geological characteristics of adjacent exploration points so that they are within the same dimensional range, such as [0, 1], to eliminate the influence of dimensional differences on similarity calculation, and then combine the normalized geological characteristic values ​​of each exploration point into a feature vector, and finally use the Euclidean distance formula to calculate the similarity of the geological characteristics of adjacent exploration points. The Euclidean distance formula is: , where , Represent two adjacent exploration points, , Respectively represent the two adjacent exploration points in Normalized values ​​of geological characteristics, A number representing a geological feature, The closer the Euclidean distance calculation result is to 0, the higher the similarity is, and the larger the calculation result is, the lower the similarity is. By setting a similarity threshold, for example, the similarity threshold is 0.6, the geological feature similarity of adjacent exploration points is compared with the set similarity threshold. If the geological feature similarity of adjacent exploration points is less than or equal to the similarity threshold, it means that the geological feature similarity meets the similarity threshold, otherwise it means that it does not meet the similarity threshold.

[0032] The above operation is repeated until the similarity calculation of the last exploration point is performed, and finally the entire interval line is divided into several geological sections.

[0033] It should be noted that the division of the interval line into geological sections takes into account the different geological conditions that may exist in the interval line. This situation generally occurs in mountainous and hilly areas. This is because there are often faults and fracture zones in mountainous areas. These geological structures lead to the discontinuity of rock strata and the diversity of geological conditions. There are often sedimentary rocks such as mudstone and sandstone in hilly areas. The thickness and distribution of these rocks are uneven. By dividing the interval line into geological sections, the distribution status of the geology of the interval line can be clarified, so that targeted excavation planning can be carried out in different geological sections of the interval line based on the geological characteristics of the exploration. This situation rarely occurs in plain areas, mainly because the geological structure in the plain areas is simple, the rock strata type is single, and the groundwater conditions are relatively stable.

[0034] It should be further explained that when generating exploration points by arranging points for the interval line, the spacing of the exploration points should not be too long or too short. If the spacing is too long, important geological features may be missed. When the geological conditions may vary significantly in space, if the spacing is too long, these changes may not be fully captured, affecting the accuracy of the geological section division. If the spacing is too short, there will be too many exploration points, which will increase the exploration cost. At the same time, it is easy to cause duplication of geological information obtained and waste resources. In this case, in order to ensure the rationality of the spacing of the exploration points, the latest multi-source geological data (such as geological maps, topographic maps, satellite images, geological disaster records, etc.) can be retrieved from geological platforms (such as geological survey bureaus, geological research institutes, etc.) along the interval line to conduct multi-source data analysis. By pre-defining the geological complexity level and the exploration point spacing corresponding to different geological complexity levels, the geological complexity level of the interval line can be evaluated using multi-source data analysis, thereby obtaining the exploration point spacing,

[0035] In the example described above, it is assumed that the geological complexity is classified into simple, medium, and complex. Simple geological conditions: the layout interval is 500 meters, medium geological conditions: the layout interval is 250 meters, and complex geological conditions: the layout interval is 100 meters. Assuming that a subway line passes through an area, the geological map in the retrieved multi-source geological data shows that the area is mainly Quaternary sediments with a relatively simple stratum; the topographic map shows that the terrain in the area is flat without obvious terrain undulations; satellite images show that the surface vegetation coverage is good and there is no obvious geological structure; geological disaster records show that there are few geological disasters in the area. Based on the above information, the geological complexity of the area can be judged as "simple", and it is recommended that the layout interval of the exploration points be 500 meters.

[0036] The excavation planning module is used to carry out interval excavation planning based on the exploration geological characteristics of the geological section, specifically including planning excavation equipment, planning excavation speed and planning excavation cycle.

[0037] Applied to the above scheme, the interval excavation planning can be based on the historical subway construction records of the subway builder, and specifically extract geological characteristics, excavation equipment usage records, excavation speed, excavation cycle and other information from the corresponding historical construction records for excavation planning. The excavation planning can be carried out with the help of the historical excavation construction experience of similar geological characteristics, making the excavation planning more scientific and reasonable.

[0038] It is important to know that the planned excavation speed mentioned above refers to the amount of excavation work expected to be completed within a single construction day.

[0039] The excavation process monitoring module is used to perform real-time geological monitoring, meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring during excavation according to the excavation plan of the first section of the line. Figure 3 As shown, the excavation speed is adjusted based on the results of meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring, and the actual geological characteristics, actual excavation speed, and actual excavation period of each geological section are uploaded after the excavation is completed.

[0040] The actual excavation speed of each geological section uploaded above includes the actual excavation speed of each construction day in each geological section.

[0041] As an illustrative implementation of the above scheme, geological monitoring refers to the monitoring of geological characteristics carried out during tunnel excavation operations to obtain the actual geological characteristics of the geological section.

[0042] As a further illustrative implementation of the above scheme, the meteorological monitoring and risk control process is as follows: during the excavation according to the excavation plan of the first section of the line, the meteorological sensing terminal is used to perform meteorological monitoring to obtain the meteorological information of each construction day.

[0043] The meteorological sensing terminal mentioned above is a device that integrates multiple sensors for real-time monitoring and recording of meteorological parameters. These terminals are usually installed at or near the construction site and can automatically collect and transmit meteorological data. For example, the meteorological sensing terminal can be composed of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a rainfall sensor, a wind speed sensor, etc. The meteorological information monitored can be temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc., among which, for temperature, high temperature may cause heatstroke to construction workers, and low temperature may affect the solidification of concrete and the operation of excavation equipment; for humidity, high humidity may cause equipment to rust and electrical equipment to short-circuit, and low humidity may cause dust to fly; for rainfall, rainfall may cause water accumulation at the construction site, affecting construction progress and safety; for wind speed, strong winds may cause facilities to collapse, affecting construction safety.

[0044] An environmental sensing terminal and a structural sensing terminal are arranged on the planned excavation equipment, wherein the environmental sensing terminal may be a water level sensor and a toxic gas sensor, and the structural sensing terminal may be an acoustic imager or an ultrasonic probe. Thus, during the excavation operation using the planned excavation equipment, the groundwater level and toxic gas can be sensed in real time through the environmental sensing terminal, and the stress distribution and appearance defect perception of the stratum wall surrounding the excavation position of the planned excavation equipment can be performed through the structural sensing terminal.

[0045] In the specific implementation of the above scheme, groundwater level sensing is the sensing of groundwater level height. Soil disturbance, faults and cracks caused during tunnel excavation may lead to changes in groundwater flow paths. Toxic gas sensing refers to monitoring the concentration of toxic gases in the tunnel, such as methane concentration, hydrogen sulfide concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration. Some of these toxic gases are naturally formed and exist in certain strata, especially in organic-rich sedimentary rocks. Some are generated during excavation operations, which can easily pose a serious threat to the health and safety of construction workers and may also affect the normal operation of excavation equipment.

[0046] In another specific implementation of the above scheme, the formation wall stress distribution is sensed as follows: an ultrasonic probe in the structure sensing terminal is used to transmit ultrasonic pulses to the formation walls around the excavation position, and ultrasonic signals reflected from the formation walls are received, while ultrasonic signal data is recorded to calculate the formation wall stress, thereby obtaining the formation wall stress at different ultrasonic probe emission positions.

[0047] The formation wall stress at different ultrasonic probe emission positions is compared to extract the maximum and minimum stresses, and then the formula is used to The difference of formation wall stress distribution is obtained , where , represent the maximum stress and the minimum stress respectively.

[0048] It is important to understand that the principle of using ultrasound to detect the stress distribution of the formation wall is that the propagation speed of ultrasound in different materials is related to the elastic modulus of the material, and the elastic modulus is closely related to the stress state of the material. When ultrasound passes through the formation wall, its waveform changes, and these changes can be used to evaluate the stress state of the formation wall.

[0049] In another specific implementation of the above scheme, the appearance defect perception of the stratum wall is as follows: an acoustic wave imager in the structure sensing terminal is used to emit acoustic wave pulses to the stratum walls around the excavation position, while receiving acoustic wave signals reflected from the stratum walls, and recording the acoustic wave signal data to generate a stratum wall image.

[0050] Appearance defect indicators are extracted from the formation wall image, specifically the number of appearance defect regions and the appearance defect area, and then the appearance defect area of ​​each appearance defect region is added up and divided by the formation wall surface area to obtain the formation wall appearance defect degree.

[0051] It should be explained that acoustic imaging technology can provide detailed images of the internal structure of the formation wall, help identify cracks, holes and other irregular features on the formation wall, and the indication of appearance defects can be specifically obtained by analyzing the amplitude of the acoustic signal data. When there is a strong reflection, it indicates that there are appearance defects on the formation wall, such as cracks or holes. When there is a weak reflection, it means that the formation wall is relatively uniform.

[0052] Based on the perception results of groundwater level and toxic gas, it is possible to identify whether there is a construction environment risk. Specifically, the perceived groundwater level and toxic gas concentration can be compared with the preset warning groundwater level and warning toxic gas concentration. If the groundwater level reaches the warning groundwater level or the toxic gas concentration reaches the warning toxic gas concentration, it can be identified that there is a construction environment risk.

[0053] Based on the stress distribution perception results and appearance defect perception results of the formation wall, it is possible to identify whether there is a formation structure risk. Specifically, the difference in formation wall stress distribution and the formation wall appearance defect degree can be compared with the preset allowable difference degree and allowable appearance defect degree. If the difference in formation wall stress distribution is higher than the allowable difference degree or the formation wall appearance defect degree is higher than the allowable appearance defect degree, it can be identified that there is a formation structure risk.

[0054] The existence of excavation risk can be determined when either construction environment risk or ground structure risk is identified.

[0055] In particular, adjusting the excavation speed based on the results of meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring is specifically to first compare the meteorological monitoring results with the severe weather information set by the system, wherein the severe weather information set by the system can screen out the meteorological conditions that cause excavation to be suspended or reduce the excavation speed due to meteorological reasons from the historical subway construction records of the subway builder, and then extract specific severe weather information from the screened meteorological conditions, including but not limited to critical values ​​of meteorological information such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and precipitation. If a certain meteorological item in the meteorological monitoring meets the severe weather condition, the severe weather is identified; then, when it is identified that the weather is severe or there is an excavation risk, the excavation speed is reduced.

[0056] It should be noted that reducing the excavation speed is not limited to the influence of weather and excavation risks. The excavation speed also needs to be reduced when the excavation equipment fails.

[0057] The exploration compliance analysis module is used to compare the actual geological characteristics of each geological section in the first section of the line with the exploration geological characteristics to perform geological exploration compliance analysis. The specific analysis is as follows: the exploration geological characteristics of each geological section are compared with the actual geological characteristics, the geological feature classes that are successfully matched in each geological section are counted, and the exploration compliance rates corresponding to each geological section are calculated in combination with the geological feature influence weights pre-configured by the system.

[0058] In the above operation example, geological characteristics include rock and soil properties, groundwater level, and stratum thickness. Since the influence of various geological characteristics on excavation planning varies, rock and soil properties usually have the greatest impact on excavation planning, followed by groundwater level, and finally stratum thickness. Therefore, the influence weights of rock and soil properties, groundwater level, and stratum thickness pre-configured by the system are 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively. Assuming that the successfully matched geological feature type is groundwater level, the exploration compliance rate corresponding to the geological segment can be 0.1. When no geological feature is successfully matched, the exploration compliance rate corresponding to the geological segment is 0. When all geological features are successfully matched, the exploration compliance rate of the geological segment is 1.

[0059] The comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is calculated using the exploration compliance rate corresponding to each geological section. The calculation formula is: , where It represents the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate. Indicates the first section of the line The exploration compliance rate corresponding to the geological section, Indicates the geological section number, , Indicates the first section of the line The length of the geological section, Indicates the length of the first section between the starting and ending stations.

[0060] It should be understood that when using the exploration compliance rate of each geological section to calculate the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate of the interval line, the length of the geological section is also taken into account. The longer the geological section, the greater the role it plays in the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate, because longer geological sections have stronger representativeness and a wider range of influence. In addition, the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is calculated by multiplying the corresponding exploration compliance rates of each geological section. In this way, when the exploration compliance rate of a certain geological section is 0, the overall comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is 0. Only when the exploration compliance rates of all geological sections are close to 1, the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate will be greater. This emphasizes the importance of each geological section and ensures that the exploration of each geological section must meet certain standards.

[0061] The comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is compared with the standard compliance rate set by the system. For example, the standard compliance rate is 0.8. If the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is greater than or equal to the standard compliance rate, the geological exploration is analyzed to be compliant, otherwise the geological exploration is analyzed to be non-compliant.

[0062] The present invention can evaluate the accuracy and reliability of geological exploration by comparing the explored geological characteristics of each geological section with the actual geological characteristics.

[0063] The excavation delay assessment module is used to compare the actual excavation period of the initial interval line with the planned excavation period to evaluate whether the excavation is delayed. The specific operation is as follows: the actual excavation periods of each geological section in the first interval line are superimposed to obtain the total excavation period of the first interval line, and at the same time, the planned excavation periods of each geological section are superimposed to obtain the total planned excavation period.

[0064] It should be explained that when evaluating whether the excavation is delayed, comparing the total excavation cycle of the interval line with the total planned excavation cycle, rather than comparing the excavation cycle of each geological section in the interval line with the planned excavation cycle, can provide a global perspective on the excavation delay assessment. This method avoids the cumulative errors that may occur when comparing geological sections one by one, and improves the reliability of the assessment. At the same time, it simplifies the assessment process and reduces the workload of comparing geological sections one by one. In addition, in most plain subway construction, a section line usually does not contain multiple geological sections, that is, a section line is equivalent to a geological section. Using this method for evaluation is more applicable and efficient.

[0065] Compare the total excavation period of the first section of the line with the total planned excavation period. If the total excavation period is greater than the total planned excavation period, the excavation delay is evaluated.

[0066] The excavation delay analysis module is used to locate the geological section where the excavation delay is located when evaluating the excavation delay and record it as the target geological section, and then use the meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring results of the target geological section to analyze the excavation delay guidance factors.

[0067] Preferably, the geological section where the excavation extension is located refers to the following process: the actual excavation period of the first section of the line in each geological section is subtracted from the planned excavation period to obtain the excavation period extension amount of each geological section.

[0068] The extension of the excavation cycle of each geological section is compared with the allowable extension set by the system, where the allowable extension can be set according to 10% of the planned excavation cycle. For example, when the planned excavation cycle is 30 days, the allowable extension is 3 days. The geological section corresponding to the extension exceeding the allowable extension is extracted as the geological section where the excavation extension is located.

[0069] Further preferably, the analysis of the excavation delay guiding factors refers to the following process: the excavation speed of each construction day during the excavation construction of the target geological section is retrieved, and then the construction days with the excavation speed reduced and adjusted are extracted as inefficient construction days.

[0070] The meteorological information and risk monitoring results of inefficient construction days are used to identify whether the weather is bad and whether there is an excavation risk. If there is bad weather or excavation risk or both on an inefficient construction day, the inefficient construction day will be recorded as an inefficient construction day due to external causes, and other inefficient construction days will be recorded as inefficient construction days due to internal causes.

[0071] The internal cause mentioned above may be failure of tunneling equipment.

[0072] The proportion of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors are counted respectively, and the proportion proximity evaluation is performed. The proportion proximity evaluation imports the proportion of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors into the proximity calculation formula. , where Indicates proximity, , They respectively represent the proportions of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors, where the smaller the difference between the proportions of the two is, the greater the proximity, and then the proximity is compared with the set limited proximity. For example, the limited proximity is 0.7. When the proximity is less than the limited proximity, it means that the proportions of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors are not close. Then the two are compared. If the proportion of inefficient construction days due to external factors is greater than the proportion of inefficient construction days due to internal factors, the delay-guiding factor is determined to be an external factor; otherwise, the delay-guiding factor is determined to be an internal factor. When the proximity reaches the limited proximity, it means that the proportions of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors are close, and then the delay-guiding factor is determined to be the combined effect of internal and external factors.

[0073] The excavation planning adjustment module is used to make geological exploration adjustments based on geological exploration compliance results, and to make excavation planning adjustments for subsequent section lines based on excavation extension guidance factors.

[0074] In the manner in which the above scheme can be implemented, the geological exploration is adjusted as follows: when the geological exploration analysis is consistent, the geological exploration of the subsequent sections is carried out according to the geological exploration method and exploration equipment of the first section.

[0075] When the geological exploration analysis is not satisfactory, the geological exploration method and exploration equipment are replaced to conduct geological exploration of subsequent sections and lines, such as using high-precision exploration equipment.

[0076] The present invention adds geological exploration adjustment based on the deviation between geological exploration and actual geological monitoring when adjusting the excavation progress plan. Since the excavation progress plan relies on geological exploration data to a large extent, the accuracy of the excavation progress plan will be affected when the geological exploration is inaccurate. By performing geological exploration adjustment, the accuracy of the data relied on in the subsequent excavation progress planning can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the excavation progress planning from the source.

[0077] In a further implementation of the above scheme, the adjustment of the excavation plan for subsequent section lines includes the following process: when the excavation delay guiding factor is an external factor, the external inefficient construction days are classified into weather inefficient construction days and risk inefficient construction days according to bad weather and excavation risks.

[0078] It should be added that when classifying inefficient construction days due to external factors, they are usually divided according to bad weather and excavation risks. However, some inefficient construction days may have both bad weather and excavation risks. The inefficiency of these construction days is determined by both factors, and it is impossible to evaluate the impact of one factor on the excavation progress alone. Therefore, these inefficient construction days determined by both factors are not included in the classification.

[0079] The absolute value of the difference between the actual excavation speed and the planned excavation speed on the weather-inefficient construction day is divided by the planned excavation speed to obtain the reduction in excavation speed on the weather-inefficient construction day.

[0080] By comparing the actual excavation speed on the risky and inefficient construction day with the planned excavation speed, the reduction in excavation speed on the risky and inefficient construction day can be obtained in the same way.

[0081] In the geological exploration of subsequent interval lines, the geological characteristics of the exploration are matched with the actual geological characteristics of the target geological section. If the geological characteristics of the exploration of a certain interval line are consistent with the actual geological characteristics of the target geological section, the excavation speed planning and excavation cycle planning are carried out first, and then the risk monitoring results of the target geological section on each risky inefficient construction day are compared to identify whether there is a risk tendency. If there is a risk tendency, the excavation speed reduction amplitude of the construction day to which the risk tendency belongs is extracted from the excavation speed reduction amplitude of each risky inefficient construction day as the symbolic excavation speed reduction amplitude. If there is no risk tendency, the average excavation speed reduction amplitude is extracted from the excavation speed reduction amplitude of each risky inefficient construction day as the symbolic excavation speed reduction amplitude.

[0082] In the above, the risk monitoring results of the target geological section on each risk-inefficient construction day are compared to identify whether there is a risk tendency. Specifically, the excavation risk of the target geological section on each risk-inefficient construction day can be identified as being caused by the construction environment risk or the stratum structure risk. If the statistical frequency of excavation risk caused by the construction environment risk is high, then the risk tendency is identified as the construction environment risk; if the statistical frequency of excavation risk caused by the stratum structure risk is high, then the risk tendency is identified as the stratum structure risk; if the statistical frequency of excavation risk caused by the construction environment risk is equivalent to that caused by the stratum structure risk, then it is identified that there is no risk tendency.

[0083] By identifying risk tendencies based on the risk monitoring results of risk-inefficient construction days, it is possible to use the risk tendencies to plan excavation speed corrections when risk tendencies are identified, which is beneficial to improving the pertinence and representativeness of the corrections.

[0084] The forecast meteorological information is extracted during the planned excavation period of the route in this section, and matched with the meteorological information of the target geological section on the meteorologically inefficient construction day. If the match fails, it means that there is no severe weather during the planned excavation period. At this time, it is only necessary to use the geological characteristics to correct the excavation speed. Specifically, the planned excavation speed is corrected according to the symbolic excavation speed reduction. If the match is successful, it means that there is severe weather during the planned excavation period. The excavation speed reduction on the meteorologically inefficient construction day where the meteorological information is successfully matched is compared with the symbolic excavation speed reduction, and the maximum excavation speed reduction is selected. The maximum excavation speed reduction is selected here to reflect the most unfavorable impact under extreme conditions and ensure the conservatism of the excavation speed correction, and then the planned excavation speed is corrected according to the excavation speed reduction.

[0085] The above method of using the reduction in excavation speed to correct the planned excavation speed is based on the calculation formula of the reduction in excavation speed: the absolute value of the difference between the actual excavation speed and the planned excavation speed is divided by the planned excavation speed. , , They represent the revised planned excavation speed and the planned excavation speed respectively. Indicates the reduction in excavation speed.

[0086] It should be noted that the reduction rate used in the present invention to correct the subsequent planned excavation speed with the same geological characteristics based on the reduction rate between the actual excavation speed of the excavated section line and the planned excavation speed is usually derived from inefficient construction days. These inefficient construction days may not cover all construction days, so the planned excavation speed correction in this way can only be used as a prediction. However, this correction method can achieve the adjustment of the planned excavation speed to a certain extent, so that the corrected excavation speed is closer to the actual excavation speed.

[0087] Furthermore, the adjustment of the excavation plan for subsequent section lines also includes the following process: when the excavation delay guiding factor is an internal cause, the excavation equipment operation correction and inspection is carried out before the excavation of the subsequent section lines. Through correction and inspection, the failure of the excavation equipment during operation can be avoided to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the occurrence rate of inability to construct according to the planned excavation speed due to excavation equipment failure, thereby improving the reliability of the plan.

[0088] When adjusting the excavation planning progress of the subsequent section line according to the excavation delay deviation and delay guiding factors of the constructed section line, the present invention can also take avoidance measures in advance according to the delay guiding factors, which can improve the construction efficiency and shorten the construction period to a certain extent, and at the same time help to reasonably allocate construction resources and avoid resource waste or shortage.

[0089] When the excavation delay guidance is caused by both internal and external factors, the excavation equipment operation correction and inspection shall be carried out before the excavation of the subsequent section line. At the same time, the planned excavation speed shall be corrected in accordance with the excavation delay guidance being the external factor.

[0090] It should be added that this excavation speed correction method can also be used for other links of subway construction, such as track laying and station construction, to improve the accuracy of construction plans, optimize resource allocation, and improve construction efficiency.

[0091] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction, characterized in that: include: The interval geological exploration module is used to divide the subway construction line into interval lines according to the planning of the subway construction line, and to conduct geological exploration before tunneling of each interval line; The geological segment division module is used to divide the interval line into several geological segments based on the geological exploration results of the interval line, and obtain the exploration geological characteristics of each geological segment; The excavation planning module is used to plan the excavation of the interval based on the geological characteristics of the geological section, including planning the excavation equipment, planning the excavation speed and planning the excavation cycle; The excavation process monitoring module is used to perform real-time geological monitoring, meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring during excavation according to the excavation plan of the first section of the line, and adjust the excavation speed based on the results of meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring, and then upload the actual geological characteristics, actual excavation speed and actual excavation period of each geological section after the excavation is completed; The exploration conformity analysis module is used to compare the actual geological characteristics of each geological section in the first section of the line with the exploration geological characteristics to conduct geological exploration conformity analysis; The excavation delay assessment module is used to compare the actual excavation period of the first section of the line with the planned excavation period to assess whether the excavation is delayed; The excavation delay analysis module is used to locate the geological section where the excavation delay is located when evaluating the excavation delay and record it as the target geological section, and then use the meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring results of the target geological section to analyze the factors guiding the excavation delay; The excavation plan adjustment module is used to make geological exploration adjustments based on the geological exploration compliance results, and to make excavation plan adjustments for subsequent section lines based on excavation delay guidance factors.

2. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of dividing the section line into several geological sections is as follows: The starting and ending stations of the interval line are obtained, and then a number of exploration points are evenly distributed along the length of the interval line between the starting and ending stations, and the exploration points are arranged; Carry out geological exploration in the order of the exploration points and record the geological characteristics of each exploration point; The similarity of the geological features of each pair of adjacent exploration points is calculated, and the conformity analysis is performed with the similarity threshold preset by the system, thereby dividing the entire section line into several geological sections.

3. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The meteorological monitoring and risk monitoring process is as follows: During the excavation according to the excavation plan of the first section of the line, the meteorological sensing terminal is used to monitor the weather to obtain the weather information of each construction day; An environmental sensing terminal and a structural sensing terminal are set on the planned excavation equipment, so that the groundwater level and toxic gas are sensed in real time through the environmental sensing terminal during excavation using the planned excavation equipment, and the stress distribution and appearance defect perception of the surrounding stratum wall of the excavation position where the planned excavation equipment is located are sensed through the structural sensing terminal; Identify whether there are construction environment risks based on the perception results of groundwater level and toxic gases; Identify whether there is a stratum structure risk based on the stratum wall stress distribution perception results and appearance defect perception results; The existence of excavation risk can be determined when either construction environment risk or ground structure risk is identified.

4. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The geological prospecting compliance analysis is performed as follows: Compare the exploration geological characteristics of each geological section with the actual geological characteristics, count the geological feature types that are successfully matched in each geological section, and calculate the exploration compliance rate corresponding to each geological section by combining it with the geological feature influence weights pre-assigned by the system; The comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is calculated using the exploration compliance rate corresponding to each geological section. The calculation formula is: , where It represents the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate. Indicates the first section of the line The exploration compliance rate corresponding to the geological section, Indicates the geological section number, , Indicates the first section of the line The length of the geological section, Indicates the length of the first section between the starting and ending stations; The comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is compared with the standard compliance rate set by the system. If the comprehensive geological exploration compliance rate is greater than or equal to the standard compliance rate, the geological exploration is analyzed to be compliant; otherwise, the geological exploration is analyzed to be non-compliant.

5. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation of whether the excavation is delayed is carried out as follows: The actual excavation periods of each geological section in the first section of the line are superimposed to obtain the total excavation period of the first section of the line, and the planned excavation periods of each geological section are superimposed to obtain the total planned excavation period; Compare the total excavation period of the first section of the line with the total planned excavation period. If the total excavation period is greater than the total planned excavation period, the excavation delay is evaluated.

6. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The geological section where the excavation extension is located is described in the following process: The extension of the excavation period of each geological section is obtained by subtracting the actual excavation period of the first section of the line from the planned excavation period in each geological section; The extension of the excavation cycle of each geological section is compared with the allowable extension set by the system, and the geological section corresponding to the extension exceeding the allowable extension is extracted as the geological section where the excavation extension is located.

7. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The analysis of the factors guiding the excavation delay is as follows: The excavation speed of each construction day in the target geological section is retrieved, and then the construction days with reduced excavation speed are extracted as inefficient construction days; Use the weather information and risk monitoring results of the inefficient construction days to identify whether the weather is bad and whether there is a tunneling risk. If there is bad weather or tunneling risk or both on a certain inefficient construction day, then record the inefficient construction day as an external cause inefficient construction day, and record other inefficient construction days as internal cause inefficient construction days. The proportions of inefficient construction days due to external factors and inefficient construction days due to internal factors are counted separately to determine the factors leading to delay, which include external factors, internal factors, and the combined effects of internal and external factors.

8. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The geological exploration is adjusted as follows: When the geological survey is found to be suitable, the geological survey of the subsequent sections shall be conducted in accordance with the geological survey method and equipment of the first section; When the geological survey analysis is not satisfactory, the geological survey method and equipment shall be replaced to conduct geological survey of subsequent sections and lines.

9. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment of the excavation plan of the subsequent section line includes the following process: When the guiding factor for excavation delay is external, the inefficient construction days caused by external factors are classified into weather inefficient construction days and risk inefficient construction days according to bad weather and excavation risks; The difference between the actual excavation speed and the planned excavation speed on the weather-inefficient construction day is taken as the absolute value and then divided by the planned excavation speed to obtain the excavation speed reduction on the weather-inefficient construction day; Compare the actual excavation speed on the risky and inefficient construction day with the planned excavation speed and obtain the reduction in excavation speed on the risky and inefficient construction day in the same way; In the geological exploration of the subsequent interval lines, the geological characteristics of the exploration are matched with the actual geological characteristics of the target geological section. If the geological characteristics of the exploration of a certain interval line are consistent with the actual geological characteristics of the target geological section, the excavation speed planning and excavation cycle planning are first carried out, and then the risk monitoring results of the target geological section on each risky inefficient construction day are compared to identify whether there is a risk tendency. If there is a risk tendency, the excavation speed reduction amplitude of the construction day to which the risk tendency belongs is extracted from the excavation speed reduction amplitude of each risky inefficient construction day as the symbolic excavation speed reduction amplitude. If there is no risk tendency, the average excavation speed reduction amplitude is extracted from the excavation speed reduction amplitude of each risky inefficient construction day as the symbolic excavation speed reduction amplitude. The forecast meteorological information is extracted during the excavation period of the route planning in this section, and matched with the meteorological information of the target geological section on the meteorologically inefficient construction day. If the match fails, the planned excavation speed is corrected according to the symbolic excavation speed reduction. If the match is successful, the excavation speed reduction on the meteorologically inefficient construction day to which the meteorological information is successfully matched is compared with the symbolic excavation speed reduction, and the maximum excavation speed reduction is selected, and the planned excavation speed is corrected according to the excavation speed reduction.

10. A dynamic monitoring and management system for the entire process of subway construction as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The adjustment of the excavation plan of the subsequent section line also includes the following process: When the driving delay is caused by internal factors, the driving equipment operation correction and inspection shall be carried out before the subsequent section line driving; When the excavation delay guidance is caused by both internal and external factors, the excavation equipment operation correction and inspection shall be carried out before the excavation of the subsequent section line. At the same time, the planned excavation speed shall be corrected in accordance with the excavation delay guidance being the external factor.

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