A radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm, a base station antenna and a base station

Abstract

The invention discloses a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station based on a movable radiation arm, and relates to the field of mobile communication technology. The invention comprises two pairs of radiation structures arranged opposite to each other, each pair of radiation structures comprises two radiation arms; a connection structure comprises a transmission structure and a pushing structure, the pushing structure comprises two groups of pushing units, the transmission structure slides on a track one to push the two groups of pushing units to move toward or away from each other in a track two, so as to drive the two radiation arms to merge or separate, the radiation arms when merged are two pairs of radiation structures arranged opposite to each other, and when separated, the two radiation arms are respectively located at two end points of the two groups of track twos, forming a radiation unit with rectangular distribution, and by adjusting the position of the radiation arm, the antenna performance can be optimized in different working modes to adapt to different communication requirements, so as to improve the gain and directivity of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile communications, and in particular to a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm, a base station antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile Internet, users' demand for data transmission speed and capacity is increasing. In order to meet these demands, future communication networks not only need to support higher data rates and greater connection density, but also need to have wider coverage and better energy efficiency.

[0003] A Chinese patent application with authorization announcement number CN114284709B discloses a radiation unit, an antenna and a base station. The radiation unit includes two dipoles arranged with polarization orthogonal, and the dipole includes two symmetrical radiation arms. The radiation arm includes a radiation ring and a radiation plate arranged in the radiation ring. The radiation plate and the radiation ring are physically connected and conductive through an inductive structural conductor. The radiation unit of the invention forms an equivalent parallel RLC resonant circuit structure through the radiation ring, the radiation plate and the inductive structural conductor connecting the radiation ring and the radiation plate, and has a bandpass filtering effect. When the radiation unit is penetrated by an external high-frequency signal, the radiation unit transmits the external high-frequency signal without affecting the radiation performance of the radiation unit, so that the radiation unit is easy to be arranged in the same array with the high-frequency radiation unit.

[0004] In the prior art, base station antennas mainly use fixed physical structures to achieve signal transmission and reception. This design performs well under specific operating frequencies, but is not flexible enough when facing changing environmental conditions or needing to support multiple frequency bands.

[0005] To this end, the present invention proposes a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm, a base station antenna and a base station to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is proposed;

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm, comprising: two pairs of radiation structures arranged opposite to each other, each pair of the radiation structures comprising two radiation arms;

[0008] The track structure comprises an integrally arranged track 1 and two sets of track 2, wherein the two sets of track 2 are arranged at both ends of the track 1 and are symmetrical to each other;

[0009] A connecting structure, comprising a transmission structure and a pushing structure, wherein the pushing structure comprises two groups of pushing units, and the transmission structure slides on the first track to push the two groups of pushing units to move toward or away from each other in the second track, so as to drive the two radiation arms to merge or separate;

[0010] A feeding structure, which is used to feed the radiation arm and support the track structure;

[0011] The reflection structure includes two pairs of coaxially arranged reflection units, which are connected to the connecting structure. The transmission structure drives the two pairs of the reflection units to rotate in opposite directions, driving the two pairs of the reflection units and the four radiation arms to move synchronously, so as to ensure that the reflection units and the radiation arms are arranged relative to each other to optimize the reflection path of the electromagnetic wave.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm described in the present invention, wherein: the feeding structure comprises a supporting ring tube, a cavity having a feeding line passing therethrough is formed inside the supporting ring tube, and the feeding line passes through the supporting ring tube and is connected to the feeding point of the radiating arm;

[0013] The connecting structure also includes a rotating structure, which includes a rotating shaft and a rotating gear. The rotating shaft is engaged in the supporting ring tube and rotates synchronously with the rotating gear. The rotating gear is engaged in the transmission structure. The rotating rotating gear drives the transmission structure to slide in track 1 and perform linear movement.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm described in the present invention, wherein: the two pairs of the reflecting units are respectively reflecting unit 1 and reflecting unit 2, the reflecting unit 1 and reflecting unit 2 are hoisted inside the supporting ring tube, and the reflecting unit 2 is fixed to the rotating shaft;

[0015] The reflection structure includes a driving structure, which includes a driving unit and a cylindrical gear. The driving unit is used to drive the cylindrical gear to rotate. The driving unit drives the rotating structure and the reflection unit 2 to rotate synchronously through the cylindrical gear. The driving unit is used to drive the reflection unit 1 to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm described in the present invention, the reflecting unit comprises a rotating cylinder and two arc-shaped reflecting sheets which are integrally arranged, and the two groups of arc-shaped reflecting sheets are symmetrically arranged about the rotating cylinder;

[0017] The reflection structure further comprises a central gear fixed on the rotating cylinder, and the driving unit drives the reflection unit to rotate via the central gear.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm described in the present invention, wherein: the transmission structure comprises two rectangular rotating plates and a transmission unit, the rectangular rotating plates are used to connect the transmission unit and the pushing unit, and the transmission unit pushes the two rectangular rotating plates to rotate and expand or close to push the two groups of pushing units to move in opposite directions or towards each other;

[0019] The transmission unit includes a straight rack, a connecting bent rod and a pushing transverse plate, wherein the connecting bent rod is used to connect the straight rack and the pushing transverse plate, and the rotating gear is meshed with the straight rack to drive the straight rack to linearly move.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm of the present invention, two groups of latches are fixed on the surface of the pushing horizontal plate, and the two rectangular rotating plates are rotatably connected to the two groups of latches;

[0021] The surface of the track one is provided with a parallel guide straight groove one and a guide straight groove two, and the surfaces of the two groups of tracks two are provided with guide straight groove three, and the guide straight groove three is vertically arranged to the guide straight groove one and the guide straight groove two. The ends of the two groups of tracks two are concave to form a semicircular groove, and the semicircular groove is connected to the guide straight groove three, and the ends of the two groups of tracks two are provided with a plurality of triangular teeth protruding inwardly, and the plurality of triangular teeth are linearly arranged with equal spacing.

[0022] As a preferred solution of a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm described in the present invention, wherein: the number of the pushing units in each group is two, the two pushing units are symmetrically arranged about the center line of track one, the transmission unit pushes the pushing unit to move along the guide straight groove three through the rectangular rotating plate, the pushing unit includes a clamping strip moving along the guide straight groove three, the clamping strip is rotatably provided with an insertion shaft, and the rectangular rotating plate is rotatably connected to the insertion shaft.

[0023] As a preferred solution of a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm described in the present invention, a driven wheel is fixed on the surface of the plug-in shaft, the plug-in shaft passes through one end of the driven wheel and is fixedly connected to the radiation arm, the driven wheel linearly displaces within the second track and engages with the triangular teeth to drive the driven wheel to rotate, and the self-rotating driven wheel adjusts the swing angle of the radiation arm.

[0024] A base station antenna comprises the above-mentioned radiating unit based on the movable radiating arm.

[0025] A base station comprises the above-mentioned base station antenna.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention drives two groups of pushing units to move toward or away from each other by setting a transmission structure, so as to drive two radiating arms to merge or separate. When merged, the radiating arms are two pairs of radiating structures arranged opposite to each other. When separated, the two radiating arms are respectively located at two end points of two groups of tracks to form a rectangularly distributed radiating unit. By adjusting the position of the radiating arm, the antenna performance can be optimized in different working modes to adapt to different communication needs, so as to improve the gain and directivity of the antenna, especially in places requiring concentrated energy transmission. By combining the transmission structure and the pushing structure, the position of the radiating arm can be dynamically adjusted, so that the radiating arm has a wide range of applications and is suitable for a variety of working environments and frequency ranges. At the same time, in coordination with the reflection unit, the transmission structure drives the two pairs of the reflection units to rotate in the opposite direction, and drives the two pairs of the reflection units to move synchronously with the four radiating arms to ensure that the reflection unit and the radiating arm are arranged opposite to each other, so as to optimize the reflection path of the electromagnetic wave and improve the overall performance of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a base station based on a movable radiation arm in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of the protection box in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural detail diagram of the protective door in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural detail diagram of the mounting substrate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the track structure in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the track structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of track 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm in the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 A magnified view of the structure at A;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a structural detail diagram of the driving structure in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at B.

[0040] Figure numerals: 11, protective box; 111, protective cover; 112, protective bottom plate; 113, protective door; 114, mounting base; 115, support bar; 12, card plate; 13, support structure; 131, hoop; 132, connecting cross bar; 133, support roller; 14, holding rod; 21, track structure; 211, track one; 212, track two; 213, guide straight groove one; 214, guide straight groove two; 215, guide straight groove three; 216, semicircular groove; 217, triangular tooth; 22, connecting structure; 221, straight bar rack; 222 , connecting bent rod; 223, pushing horizontal plate; 224, latch; 225, rectangular rotating plate; 226, plug shaft; 227, driven wheel; 228, clamping strip; 23, feeding structure; 231, rotating shaft; 232, rotating gear; 233, supporting ring cylinder; 24, reflecting structure; 241, mounting block; 242, motor; 243, driving rod; 244, upper driving gear; 245, lower driving gear; 246, cylindrical gear; 247, rotating cylinder; 248, central gear; 249, arc-shaped reflecting plate; 25, radiation structure; 251, radiation arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0042] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below;

[0043] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation of the present invention; the "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments;

[0044] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 12 As shown, this embodiment provides a radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm, including:

[0045] Two pairs of radiation structures 25 are arranged opposite to each other, and each pair of radiation structures 25 includes two radiation arms 251. The two pairs of radiation structures 25 introduce a phase difference of 90° so that the two pairs of radiation structures 25 have mutually perpendicular polarization directions. The two radiation arms 251 in each pair of radiation structures 25 have the same polarization direction, so that the antenna can generate mutually perpendicular polarized waves in different directions, thereby improving the multi-polarization performance of the antenna.

[0046] The track structure 21 includes an integrally arranged track 1 211 and two sets of track 212. The two sets of track 212 are arranged at both ends of the track 1 211 and are symmetrical to each other. The track 1 211 and the two sets of track 212 together form a cross-shaped structure. The two sets of radiation structures 25 slide in the two sets of track 212. The two radiation arms 251 in each set of the radiation structures 25 move toward or away from each other in the track 212.

[0047] Specifically, the surface of track one 211 is provided with parallel guide straight groove one 213 and guide straight groove two 214, and the surfaces of the two groups of track twos 212 are provided with guide straight groove three 215, which are perpendicular to the guide straight groove one 213 and the guide straight groove two 214. The ends of the two groups of track twos 212 are concave to form a semicircular groove 216, which is connected to the guide straight groove three 215, and the ends of the two groups of track twos 212 are provided with a plurality of inwardly protruding triangular teeth 217, and the plurality of triangular teeth 217 are linearly arranged at equal intervals.

[0048] The feeding structure 23 is used to feed the radiation arm 251 and support the track structure 21 .

[0049] Among them, Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the feeding structure 23 includes a supporting ring tube 233, and a cavity is formed inside the supporting ring tube 233 for the feeding line to pass through. The feeding line passes through the supporting ring tube 233 and is connected to the feeding point of the radiating arm 251, ensuring that the electrical signal can be efficiently and stably transmitted to the radiating arm 251, thereby realizing accurate energy feeding.

[0050] In one embodiment, the connecting structure 22 includes a transmission structure and a pushing structure, the pushing structure includes two groups of pushing units, the transmission structure slides on track one 211 to push the two groups of pushing units to move toward or away from each other in track two 212, so as to drive the two radiating arms 251 to merge or separate; wherein, the radiating arms 251 when merged are two pairs of radiating structures 25 arranged opposite to each other, and when separated, the two radiating arms 251 are respectively located at the two end points of the two groups of track two 212, and the center lines of the four radiating arms 251 converge at the center of track one 211 to form a rectangularly distributed radiating unit. The purpose is: first, by adjusting the position of the radiation arm 251, the antenna performance can be optimized in different working modes to adapt to different communication needs; second, the separated radiation arms 251 form a specific radiation pattern to improve the gain and directivity of the antenna, especially in applications that require concentrated energy transmission; third, when the radiation arms 251 are separated, the mutual coupling effect between the radiation arms 251 is reduced, and the efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna are improved. The position of the radiation arm 251 can be dynamically adjusted through the combination of the transmission structure and the driving structure, providing a flexible antenna design method suitable for a variety of working environments and frequency ranges.

[0051] Among them, Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the connection structure 22 also includes a rotating structure, which includes a rotating shaft 231 and a rotating gear 232. The rotating shaft 231 is engaged in the supporting ring tube 233 and rotates synchronously with the rotating gear 232; wherein, the number of the rotating gears 232 is two groups, and they are respectively located at both ends of the rotating shaft 231. The rotating gear 232 located at the bottom end is driven to rotate by an external force to drive the rotating shaft 231 and another group of rotating gears 232 located at the top of the rotating shaft 231 to rotate, and the rotating gear 232 located at the top end is engaged in the transmission structure, and the rotating rotating gear 232 drives the transmission structure to slide in the track 211 for linear movement.

[0052] The reflection structure 24 includes two pairs of coaxially arranged reflection units, which are connected to the connection structure 22. The transmission structure drives the two pairs of reflection units to rotate in opposite directions, driving the two pairs of reflection units and the four radiation arms 251 to move synchronously to ensure that the reflection units and the radiation arms 251 are arranged relative to each other to optimize the reflection path of the electromagnetic waves.

[0053] like Figure 10-11 As shown, the two groups of reflection units are reflection unit 1 and reflection unit 2, respectively. Reflection unit 1 and reflection unit 2 are hoisted inside the support ring cylinder 233, and reflection unit 2 is fixed to the rotating shaft 231;

[0054] The reflection structure 24 includes a driving structure, which includes a driving unit and a cylindrical gear 246. The driving unit is used to drive the cylindrical gear 246 to rotate. The driving unit drives the rotating structure and the reflection unit 2 to rotate synchronously through the cylindrical gear 246. The driving unit is used to drive the reflection unit 1 to rotate in the opposite direction. The driving unit includes a motor 242, two sets of gears and a driving rod 243. The driving rod 243 is connected to the output end of the motor 242. The two sets of gears are an upper driving gear 244 and a lower driving gear 245. The upper driving gear 244 and the lower driving gear 245 are coaxially arranged with the driving rod 243 and rotate synchronously with the driving rod 243. The lower driving gear 245 rotates with the cylindrical gear 246. The lower driving gear 245 is meshed with the rotating gear 232 through the cylindrical gear 246 to drive the rotating shaft 231 to rotate, and the reflection unit 2 fixed with the rotating shaft 231 rotates synchronously. The upper driving gear 244 is meshed with the reflection unit 1 to drive the reflection unit to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0055] like Figure 4-Figure 10 As shown, the reflection unit includes a rotating cylinder 247 and two arc-shaped reflection sheets 249 which are integrally arranged. The two sets of arc-shaped reflection sheets 249 are symmetrically arranged about the rotating cylinder 247. The rotating cylinder 247 is engaged in the supporting ring cylinder 233.

[0056] The reflective structure 24 further includes a central gear 248 fixed on the rotating cylinder 247 , and the driving unit drives the reflective unit to rotate via the central gear 248 .

[0057] Among them, the design of the arc-shaped reflection plate 249 can better reflect and focus electromagnetic waves to form a stronger signal and improve the gain of the antenna; secondly, the arc-shaped reflection plate 249 can reduce the energy loss of electromagnetic waves during the reflection process and improve the reflection efficiency.

[0058] The arc-shaped reflection plate 249 is disposed at a position half a wavelength away from the radiation arm 251 to ensure constructive interference between the reflected wave and the direct wave.

[0059] like Figure 6-Figure 9 as well as Fig.12 As shown, the transmission structure includes two rectangular rotating plates 225 and a transmission unit. The rectangular rotating plates 225 are used to connect the transmission unit and the pushing unit. The transmission unit pushes the two rectangular rotating plates 225 to rotate and expand or close to push the two groups of pushing units to move in opposite directions or towards each other.

[0060] The transmission unit includes a straight rack 221, a connecting bent rod 222 and a pushing transverse plate 223. The connecting bent rod 222 is used to connect the straight rack 221 and the pushing transverse plate 223. The rotating gear 232 is engaged with the straight rack 221 to drive the straight rack 221 to linearly move.

[0061] Specifically, there are two groups of transmission units, each group of transmission has two rectangular rotating plates 225, and the two groups of transmission units and the two groups of pushing units are respectively located at the two ends of the track 1 211.

[0062] The straight racks 221 in the two transmission units are meshed with the rotating gear 232 to drive the two straight racks 221 to move in opposite directions.

[0063] like Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, two groups of latches 224 are fixed on the surface of the push horizontal plate 223, and two rectangular rotating plates 225 rotate on the two groups of latches 224;

[0064] There are two pushing units in each group, and the two pushing units are symmetrically arranged about the center line of track one 211. The transmission unit pushes the pushing unit to move along the guide straight groove three 215 through the rectangular rotating plate 225. The pushing unit includes a clamping bar 228 that moves along the guide straight groove three 215, and a plug shaft 226 is rotatably arranged on the clamping bar 228. The rectangular rotating plate 225 and the plug shaft 226 are rotatably connected.

[0065] like Figure 6-Figure 9 As shown, a driven wheel 227 is fixed on the surface of the insertion shaft 226, and the insertion shaft 226 passes through one end of the driven wheel 227 and is fixedly connected to the radiation arm 251. The driven wheel 227 linearly displaces in the track 2 212 and engages with the triangular teeth 217 to drive the driven wheel 227 to rotate. The self-rotating driven wheel 227 adjusts the swing angle of the radiation arm 251.

[0066] A base station antenna comprises the above-mentioned radiation unit based on the movable radiation arm.

[0067] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a base station includes the above-mentioned base station antenna and frame support, the frame support includes a holding pole 14 and a protective box 11, the holding pole 14 includes a supporting structure 13 fixed on the holding pole 14, and a plurality of linearly arranged card plates 12 are fixed on the back of the protective box 11, and the card plates 12 are fixed to the supporting structure 13 by a matching bolt group.

[0068] The supporting structure 13 includes a hoop 131, a connecting cross bar 132 and a supporting roller 133 which are integrally connected. The hoop 131 is assembled on the holding pole 14. The holding pole 14 supports the supporting roller 133 through the hoop 131 and the connecting cross bar 132. The protective box 11 is fixed to the supporting roller 133 through the clamping plate 12, so that the holding pole 14 supports the protective box 11 through the supporting structure 13.

[0069] The protection box 11 includes a protection cover 111 and a protection bottom plate 112 , which form a box body with a lower opening. A protection door 113 is provided at the bottom of the box body for closing. A radiation unit based on a movable radiation arm is assembled inside the protection box 11 .

[0070] The protective box 11 is also provided with a support bar 115 and a mounting substrate 114. The mounting substrate 114 is engaged with the support bar 115 and can slide along the length direction of the support bar 115. The support bar 115 is fixed to the surface of the protective bottom plate 112. The support bar 115 supports the mounting substrate 114 so that there is a certain distance between the mounting substrate 114 and the protective bottom plate 112 to accommodate the installation of the reflective structure 24.

[0071] A mounting block 241 is mounted on the mounting substrate 114 . The mounting block 241 is used to fix the motor 242 and engage the cylindrical gear 246 so that the cylindrical gear 246 can rotate in the mounting block 241 .

[0072] Working principle: The motor 242 is used as a power source for driving the radiation unit based on the movable radiation arm. After starting, the motor 242 drives the driving rod 243 to rotate through its output end. The driving rod 243 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 242 and is coaxially arranged with the upper driving gear 244 and the lower driving gear 245. The rotational motion of the motor 242 is transmitted to the upper driving gear 244 and the lower driving gear 245 through the driving rod 243.

[0073] When the driving rod 243 rotates, the upper driving gear 244 and the lower driving gear 245 are driven to rotate synchronously. The upper driving gear 244 meshes with the reflection unit 1 and drives the reflection unit 1 to rotate in the opposite direction. The lower driving gear 245 meshes with the cylindrical gear 246 to drive the cylindrical gear 246 to rotate. The cylindrical gear 246 meshes with the rotating gear 232 and further drives the rotating gear 232 to rotate.

[0074] The rotating gears 232 are located at both ends of the rotating shaft 231. When the cylindrical gear 246 rotates, the rotating gears 232 rotate through meshing. The rotation of the rotating gears 232 drives the rotating shaft 231 to rotate synchronously. The rotating shaft 231 passes through the supporting ring cylinder 233, and the rotating gears 232 at both ends are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft 231 respectively.

[0075] The rotation of the rotating gear 232 not only drives the rotating shaft 231, but also causes the straight rack 221 to linearly move along the guide straight groove 1 213 of the track 1 211 through meshing with the straight rack 221. The linear displacement of the straight rack 221 transmits force to the push horizontal plate 223 through the connecting bent rod 222. So that the push horizontal plate 223 linearly moves along the guide straight groove 214 of the track 1 211 and is connected to the rectangular rotating plate 225 through the latch 224.

[0076] The linear displacement of the push horizontal plate 223 is transmitted to the rectangular rotating plate 225 through the latch 224, so that the rectangular rotating plate 225 rotates to open or close. The rotation of the rectangular rotating plate 225 pushes the push unit to move along the guide straight groove 3 215 of the track 2 212 through the connection with the latch 224. Each transmission structure has two rectangular rotating plates 225, which are respectively located at the two ends of the track 1 211, to ensure that the two groups of push units can move toward or away from each other.

[0077] The pushing unit includes a clamping bar 228 that moves along the third guide straight groove 215, and a plug shaft 226 is rotated on the clamping bar 228. The rectangular rotating plate 225 is rotatably connected with the plug shaft 226. A driven wheel 227 is fixed on the surface of the plug shaft 226, and the driven wheel 227 is meshed with the triangular teeth 217 on the second track 212, so that the driven wheel 227 rotates while moving in a straight line, and further fine-tunes the angle of the radiation arm 251. Through the precise control of the transmission structure, the radiation arm 251 can be dynamically adjusted in different working modes to optimize the performance of the antenna.

[0078] Among them, the meshing ratios of the upper driving gear 244 and the central gear 248, the lower driving gear 245 and the cylindrical gear 246, and the cylindrical gear 246 and the rotating gear 232 are determined according to various factors, such as the meshing ratio of the triangular gear 217 and the driven wheel 227, the moving distance of the clamping bar 228, and the moving distance of the pushing cross plate 223.

[0079] Two states of the radiating arm 251 - extended and closed:

[0080] In the unfolded state, the four radiating arms 251 are respectively located at the two end points of the two groups of track two 212, and the center lines of the four radiating arms 251 converge at the center of track one 211 to form a rectangularly distributed radiation unit. The arc-shaped reflector 249 is located behind the four groups of radiating arms 251 and is placed in the same direction as the four groups of radiating arms 251.

[0081] In the closed state, the four radiation arms 251 are arranged opposite to each other, that is, the two radiation arms 251 of the two pairs of radiation structures 25 are combined together, and the arc-shaped reflection plates 249 are combined into an upper and lower stacked shape, which is consistent with the placement direction of the four groups of radiation arms 251.

[0082] Enhanced Directionality:

[0083] The arc-shaped reflector 249 can effectively reflect and focus electromagnetic waves, so that the gain of the antenna in a specific direction is significantly improved, which helps to reduce energy loss and improve the transmission distance and quality of the signal.

[0084] The radiating arm 251 in the unfolded state, due to the effect of the arc-shaped reflector 249, will greatly improve the gain of the antenna, especially in the main lobe direction, reduce the generation of side lobes, make the main lobe of the antenna more concentrated, and reduce interference in other directions. Secondly, the rectangular distribution of the radiating arm 251 can provide a uniform radiation pattern to ensure that the signal coverage in all directions is more balanced. The radiating arm 251 in the closed state occupies less space and is suitable for use in space-constrained environments.

[0085] By adjusting the position of the radiating arm 251, the antenna performance can be optimized in different working modes to adapt to different communication requirements. For example, in a scenario where omnidirectional coverage is required, the antenna in a closed state can provide more uniform radiation characteristics.

[0086] The present invention optimizes the reflection path of electromagnetic waves and enhances signal strength through the reverse rotation of the reflection unit and the coordinated action with the radiation arm 251; in addition, it cooperates with the arc-shaped reflection plate 249 to effectively reflect and focus electromagnetic waves, reduce energy loss, improve reflection efficiency, and improve the overall performance of the antenna.

[0087] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm, characterized in that: include: Two pairs of radiating structures (25) arranged opposite to each other, each pair of the radiating structures (25) comprising two radiating arms (251); A track structure (21), comprising an integrally arranged track 1 (211) and two sets of track 2 (212), wherein the two sets of track 2 (212) are arranged at two ends of the track 1 (211) and are symmetrical to each other; A connecting structure (22), comprising a transmission structure and a pushing structure, the pushing structure comprising two groups of pushing units, the transmission structure sliding on track one (211) to push the two groups of pushing units to move towards or away from each other in track two (212), so as to drive the two radiating arms (251) to merge or separate; A feeding structure (23), which is used to feed the radiation arm (251) and support the track structure (21); A reflection structure (24) comprising two pairs of coaxially arranged reflection units, which are connected to a connection structure (22), wherein the transmission structure drives the two pairs of the reflection units to rotate in opposite directions, driving the two pairs of the reflection units and the four radiation arms (251) to move synchronously, thereby ensuring that the reflection units and the radiation arms (251) are arranged relative to each other, thereby optimizing the reflection path of the electromagnetic wave.

2. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding structure (23) comprises a supporting ring cylinder (233), wherein a chamber is formed inside the supporting ring cylinder (233) and a feeding line passes through the chamber, and the feeding line passes through the supporting ring cylinder (233) and is connected to a feeding point of a radiating arm (251); The connection structure (22) further comprises a rotating structure, wherein the rotating structure comprises a rotating shaft (231) and a rotating gear (232), wherein the rotating shaft (231) is engaged in the supporting ring cylinder (233) and rotates synchronously with the rotating gear (232), and the rotating gear (232) is engaged in the transmission structure, and the rotating rotating gear (232) drives the transmission structure to slide in the track 1 (211) to perform linear movement.

3. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two pairs of reflection units are respectively reflection unit one and reflection unit two, the reflection unit one and reflection unit two are hoisted inside the support ring cylinder (233), and the reflection unit two is fixed to the rotating shaft (231); The reflection structure (24) comprises a driving structure, the driving structure comprising a driving unit and a cylindrical gear (246), the driving unit being used to drive the cylindrical gear (246) to rotate, the driving unit driving the rotating structure and the reflection unit 2 to rotate synchronously via the cylindrical gear (246), and the driving unit being used to drive the reflection unit 1 to rotate in the opposite direction.

4. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflection unit comprises a rotating cylinder (247) and two arc-shaped reflection sheets (249) which are arranged in an integral manner, and the two groups of arc-shaped reflection sheets (249) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the rotating cylinder (247); The reflection structure (24) further comprises a central gear (248) fixed on the rotating cylinder (247), and the driving unit drives the reflection unit to rotate via the central gear (248).

5. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises two rectangular rotating plates (225) and a transmission unit, wherein the rectangular rotating plates (225) are used to connect the transmission unit and the pushing unit, and the transmission unit pushes the two rectangular rotating plates (225) to rotate and expand or close so as to push the two groups of pushing units to move in opposite directions or towards each other; The transmission unit comprises a straight rack (221), a connecting bent rod (222) and a pushing transverse plate (223); the connecting bent rod (222) is used to connect the straight rack (221) and the pushing transverse plate (223); the rotating gear (232) is meshed with the straight rack (221) to drive the straight rack (221) to linearly displace.

6. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two groups of latches (224) are fixed on the surface of the pushing horizontal plate (223), and the two rectangular rotating plates (225) are rotatably connected to the two groups of latches (224); The surface of the track one (211) is provided with a parallel guide straight groove one (213) and a guide straight groove two (214); the surfaces of the two groups of track twos (212) are provided with a guide straight groove three (215); the guide straight groove three (215) is arranged vertically to the guide straight groove one (213) and the guide straight groove two (214); the ends of the two groups of track twos (212) are concave to form a semicircular groove (216); the semicircular groove (216) is connected to the guide straight groove three (215); and the ends of the two groups of track twos (212) are provided with a plurality of inwardly protruding triangular teeth (217); the plurality of triangular teeth (217) are linearly arranged at equal intervals.

7. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the pushing units in each group is two, and the two pushing units are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the track one (211). The transmission unit pushes the pushing unit to move along the guide straight groove three (215) through the rectangular rotating plate (225). The pushing unit includes a clamping bar (228) that moves along the guide straight groove three (215), and an insertion shaft (226) is rotatably disposed on the clamping bar (228). The rectangular rotating plate (225) and the insertion shaft (226) are rotatably connected.

8. The radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm according to claim 7, characterized in that: A driven wheel (227) is fixed on the surface of the insertion shaft (226); one end of the insertion shaft (226) passes through the driven wheel (227) and is fixedly connected to the radiation arm (251); the driven wheel (227) linearly displaces within the second track (212) and meshes with the triangular teeth (217) to drive the driven wheel (227) to self-rotate; the self-rotating driven wheel (227) adjusts the swing angle of the radiation arm (251).

9. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna comprises a radiating unit based on a movable radiating arm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A base station, characterized in that: The base station comprises a base station antenna as claimed in claim 9.

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