Configuration of radio sensing

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, and systems for supporting configuration of radio sensing. For example, embodiments provide configurations of radio sensing nodes, including information elements defining a priori known feature of an object of interest and / or a scene for radio sensing. In addition, a channel state information (CSI)-based procedure is described, including a CSI domain to a CSI domain simplification. Embodiments also include introducing conditional reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and reference signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements within a configuration region defining the CSI domain as part of radio sensing.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 391,050, filed on July 21, 2022, entitled “CONFIGURATION FOR RADIO SENSING,” the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications and, more particularly, to radio sensing. Background Art

[0004] A wireless communication system may include one or more network communication devices (e.g., base stations), which may be further referred to as eNodeBs (eNBs), next generation NodeBs (gNBs), or other suitable terms. Each network communication device (e.g., base stations) may support wireless communication of one or more user communication devices, which may be further referred to as user equipment (UE) or other suitable terms. A wireless communication system may support wireless communication with one or more user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)). In addition, a wireless communication system may support wireless communication across various radio access technologies, including third generation (3G) radio access technologies, fourth generation (4G) radio access technologies, fifth generation (5G) radio access technologies, and other suitable radio access technologies other than 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)).

[0005] Some wireless system designs contemplate the use of radio sensing to detect environmental properties. For example, radio sensing uses radio signals and / or devices to attempt to detect properties of the surrounding environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present disclosure relates to methods, devices and systems for supporting configuration of radio sensing. For example, an embodiment provides a configuration of a radio sensing node, including information elements defining a priori known characteristics of objects and / or scenarios of interest for radio sensing. In addition, a procedure based on channel state information (CSI) is described, including CSI domain conversion and CSI domain simplification. For example, calculations and / or signal processing are described to produce radio sensing results, including extracting relevant parts of CSI information according to the radio sensing scenario. The embodiment also includes introducing conditional reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ) and reference signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements in a configuration area defining the CSI domain as part of radio sensing.

[0007] Thus, the described techniques provide accurate sensing of environmental attributes (eg, the presence of objects) and may reduce power consumption by providing radio sensing and context information for processing radio sensing data.

[0008] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving a first indication of one or more characteristic properties of one or more objects; receiving one or more reference signals; performing radio sensing of an environment based at least in part on the one or more reference signals and the one or more characteristic properties of the one or more objects; and transmitting a second indication based at least in part on the radio sensing.

[0009] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving the first indication from a first device and receiving the one or more reference signals from a second, different device; receiving the first indication and the one or more reference signals from the same device; wherein the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects include at least one of: presence information of the one or more objects; location information of the one or more objects; velocity information of the one or more objects; radar cross section (RCS) of the one or more objects; type of the one or more objects; at least one of the shape or posture of the one or more objects; at least one of the composition or texture of the one or more objects; or a perceived CSI description at a sensing receiver node, including the effect of the one or more objects, wherein the perceived CSI description includes at least one of a CSI domain or a CSI domain segment; wherein the CSI domain includes at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or a CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain.

[0010] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table including different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; wherein the first table includes a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic characteristics and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic characteristics, and wherein the first set of characteristic characteristics and the second set of characteristic characteristics include at least one common characteristic characteristic; wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a second table including predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects Further identifying the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; receiving reference signal information of the one or more reference signals, the reference signal information including at least one of the following: a waveform type or one or more of a set of waveform definition parameters of a waveform used to transmit the one or more reference signals; a set of resources through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the waveform; one or more of a transmit beam pattern or a radio pattern through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted; a transmit power for transmitting the one or more reference signals; a sequence generation and a physical-resource-mapping type for generating the one or more reference signals; or a location of a device transmitting the one or more reference signals.

[0011] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving sensing configuration information for the radio sensing, the sensing configuration information including at least one of: an indication of one or more receive spatial filters to be used to receive the one or more reference signals; an indication of one or more known attributes of the one or more characteristic characteristics of the environment; or one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing; and further performing the radio sensing based on the sensing configuration information; further including: receiving the first indication via a first signaling type; and receiving the sensing configuration information via a second different signaling type; wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing include at least one of: one or more of a quantized receive reference signal or a compressed reference signal; a CSI measurement obtained from the receive reference signal; an inference of the presence of the one or more objects; an estimated position of the one or more objects; an estimated speed of the one or more objects; an estimated RCS of the one or more objects; an estimate of one or more of the type, shape, composition, or posture of the one or more objects; an indication of the sensing service quality of the radio sensing; or a combination thereof.

[0012] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to different output values ​​of a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; wherein the CSI measurement includes at least one of: a CSI domain; one or more of segments or margins within the CSI domain; or an operation to be performed on the CSI measurement within one or more of the indications in the segments or margins; wherein the CSI domain includes at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain.

[0013] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table including different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects, and wherein the second indication identifies the output of the radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to the first table; wherein for the one or more characteristic characteristics, the CSI measurement includes at least one of: a CSI measurement on the intersection of the one or more characteristic characteristics; a CSI measurement on the union of the one or more characteristic characteristics; or a combination thereof; the first indication is received via higher layer signaling of a communication network or one or more defined physical channels; wherein transmitting the second indication is based on at least one of: a set of time, frequency, and beam resources for transmission of the second indication; at least one criterion for the transmission of the second indication; or a type of information included in the second indication.

[0014] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: transmitting a first indication of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects; transmitting one or more reference signals; and receiving a second indication of a result of radio sensing performed at least in part based on the transmitted one or more reference signals.

[0015] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects include at least one of: presence information of the one or more objects; location information of the one or more objects; velocity information of the one or more objects; RCS of the one or more objects; type of the one or more objects; at least one of the shape or posture of the one or more objects; at least one of the composition or texture of the one or more objects; or a perceptual CSI description at a sensing receiver node including the effect of the one or more objects, wherein the perceptual CSI description includes at least one of the CSI domain or CSI domain segment. at least one; wherein the CSI domain comprises at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain; wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table containing different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; wherein the first table comprises a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic characteristics and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic characteristics, and wherein the first set of characteristic characteristics and the second set of characteristic characteristics comprise at least one common characteristic characteristic.

[0016] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are further identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a second table including predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects: reference signal information for transmitting the one or more reference signals, the reference signal information including at least one of the following: a waveform type or one or more of a set of waveform definition parameters for a waveform used to transmit the one or more reference signals; a set of resources through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the waveform; one or more of a transmit beam pattern or a radio pattern through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted; a transmit power for transmitting the one or more reference signals; a sequence generation and physical-resource-mapping type for generating the one or more reference signals; or a location of a device transmitting the one or more reference signals.

[0017] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: transmitting sensing configuration information for the radio sensing, the sensing configuration information including at least one of: an indication of one or more receive spatial filters to be used to receive the one or more reference signals; an indication of one or more known attributes of the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; or one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing; further including: transmitting the first indication via a first signaling type; and transmitting the sensing configuration information via a second different signaling type; wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing include at least one of: one or more of a quantized received reference signal or a compressed reference signal; a CSI measurement of the reference signal; an inference of the presence of the one or more objects; an estimated position of the one or more objects; an estimated speed of the one or more objects; an estimated RCS of the one or more objects; an estimate of one or more of the type, shape, composition or posture of the one or more objects; an indication of the sensing service quality of the radio sensing; or a combination thereof.

[0018] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to different output values ​​of a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; wherein the CSI measurement includes at least one of: a CSI domain; one or more of segments or margins within the CSI domain; or an operation to be performed on the CSI measurement within one or more of the indications in the segments or margins; wherein the CSI domain includes at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain.

[0019] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: wherein in the first indication, the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table including different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects, and wherein the second indication identifies the output of the radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to the first table; wherein for the one or more characteristic characteristics, the CSI measurement includes at least one of: a CSI measurement on the intersection of the one or more characteristic characteristics; a CSI measurement on the union of the one or more characteristic characteristics; or a combination thereof; transmitting the first indication via higher layer signaling of the communication network or defining one or more physical channels; transmitting a third indication including at least one of: a set of time, frequency, and beam resources for the transmission of the second indication; at least one criterion for the transmission of the second indication; or a type of information included in the second indication.

[0020] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving radio sensing measurements of an environment; receiving processing configuration information for a processing configuration for generating the radio sensing measurements; extracting sensing information of the environment from the radio sensing measurements and based at least in part on the processing configuration information; and transmitting a report based on the extracted sensing information of the environment.

[0021] Some implementations of the methods and apparatus described herein may further include: receiving the radio sensing measurements from a plurality of devices and combining at least some of the radio sensing measurements from the plurality of devices to extract the sensing information of the environment; receiving one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects, and further extracting the sensing information based at least in part on the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; receiving the radio sensing measurements of the environment from a first device and receiving the processing configuration information from a second, different device; receiving the radio sensing measurements of the environment and the processing configuration information from the same device; wherein the processing configuration information includes at least one of: pre-processing applied to the radio sensing measurements; domain conversion applied to the radio sensing measurements; windowing applied to the radio sensing measurements; spatial simplification applied to the radio sensing measurements; or post-processing applied to the radio sensing measurements; wherein the sensing information includes attributes of one or more objects detected in the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is described.

[0023] Figure 2An example scenario of radio sensing supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is described.

[0024] Figure 3 An example scenario of radio sensing supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is described.

[0025] Figure 4 An example scenario of radio sensing supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is described.

[0026] Figure 5 An example table illustrating radio sensing of a configuration supporting radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6 A system for radio sensing supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is described.

[0028] Figure 7 An example block diagram illustrating an apparatus supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figures 8 to 12 A flow chart illustrating a method of supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In some wireless communication system designs, radio sensing in wireless cellular wireless networks is envisioned as a mechanism to improve network performance and to serve vertical use cases. For example, radio sensing uses radio signals and / or devices to attempt to detect properties of the surrounding environment. As part of radio sensing, propagated and / or reflected radio signals will be received and processed to determine environmental properties, such as objects present in the environment. However, some current radio sensing designs do not provide for processing radio sensing data using radio sensing intelligence and therefore may experience inaccuracies and / or processing delays when attempting to interpret the radio sensing data.

[0031] Thus, the present disclosure relates to methods, devices, and systems for supporting configuration of radio sensing. For example, embodiments provide configuration of a radio sensing node, including information elements defining a priori known features of objects and / or scenes of interest for radio sensing. For example, a codebook-based definition of a priori knowledge of object features is provided. Also provided is the use of the same codebook and / or other codebooks to indicate a priori knowledge about object features and sensed measurement output values.

[0032] In addition, CSI-based procedures are described, including CSI domain conversion and CSI domain simplification. For example, calculations and / or signal processing are described to generate radio sensing results, including extracting relevant parts of CSI information according to radio sensing scenarios. The implementation also includes introducing conditional RSRP, RSRQ and RSSI measurements in the configuration area defining the CSI domain as part of radio sensing.

[0033] Thus, the embodiments described in this disclosure provide several improvements and advantages, including:

[0034] Improve radio sensing accuracy, for example by focusing the measurement signal space and, therefore, reducing the inclusion of noise and interference;

[0035] Reducing reporting overhead, for example by collecting focused information and reducing unnecessary information from sensor reports;

[0036] Reduce processing complexity and, therefore, reduce energy and computing power, for example by reducing the processing of irrelevant information;

[0037] · Enable distribution of sensing tasks among multiple sensing Rx measurements, such as distributing computation, sensing, measurement and / or processing burdens; and

[0038] • Improving information privacy of radio sensing operations, for example by limiting information exposed to the network and / or unauthorized third-party nodes and / or eavesdroppers.

[0039] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams and flow charts.

[0040] Figure 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 102, one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communication system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communication system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technologies, including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communication system 100 may support radio access technologies other than 5G. In addition, the wireless communication system 100 may support technologies such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA).

[0041] One or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form a wireless communication system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a RAN, a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terms. The network entity 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.

[0042] The network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112, and the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to the services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or more radio access technologies. In some implementations, the network entity 102 may be mobile, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0043] One or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographical area of ​​the wireless communication system 100. UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device or some other suitable term. In some implementations, UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally or alternatively, UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, UE 104 may be fixed in the wireless communication system 100. In some other implementations, UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communication system 100.

[0044] One or more UEs 104 may be devices of different forms or capabilities. Figure 1 Some examples of UE 104 are illustrated in FIG. UE 104 may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as network entity 102, other UE 104, or network equipment (e.g., core network 106, packet data network 108, relay device, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment), such as Figure 1 Additionally or alternatively, UE 104 can support communications with other network entities 102 or UE 104 that can act as relays in wireless communication system 100.

[0045] The UE 104 may also be capable of supporting direct wireless communications with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, the UE 104 may support direct wireless communications with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, V2X deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a side link. For example, the UE 104 may support direct wireless communications with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

[0046] The network entity 102 may support communication with the core network 106 or with another network entity 102 or both. For example, the network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 via one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2 or another network interface). The network entities 102 may communicate with each other on the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via X2, Xn or another network interface). In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., between the network entities 102). In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as access network entities, which may be instances of access node controllers (ANCs). The ANC may communicate with one or more UEs 104 via one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmit-receive points (TRPs).

[0047] In some implementations, the network entity 102 may be configured as a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, the network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) (e.g., a near real-time RIC (near real-time (RT) RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.

[0048] A RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 102 in the decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of the decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0049] The functional division between CU, DU and RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at the CU, DU or RU. For example, a functional division of a protocol stack may be adopted between the CU and the DU, so that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and each may be at least partially controlled by the CU.

[0050] Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between the DU and the RU, such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs). In some implementations, the functional split between the CU and the DU or between the DU and the RU may be within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer may be performed by one of the CU, DU, or RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by different ones of the CU, DU, or RU).

[0051] The CU may be further functionally split into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. The CU may be connected to one or more DUs via midhaul communication links (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and the DU may be connected to one or more RUs via fronthaul communication links (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interfaces). In some implementations, the midhaul communication links or fronthaul communication links may be implemented according to interfaces (e.g., channels) between layers of a protocol stack supported by the respective network entities 102 communicating via such communication links.

[0052] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include control plane entities that manage access and mobility (e.g., mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) and user plane entities that route or interconnect packets to external networks (e.g., serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearer, signal bearer, etc.) of one or more UEs 104 served by one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.

[0053] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. The UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session or the like) with the core network 106 via the network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session). The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106).

[0054] In the wireless communication system 100, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may use the resources of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, time slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communication). In some implementations, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support various frame structures (e.g., multiple frame structures). The network entity 102 and the UE 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more parameter sets.

[0055] One or more parameter sets may be supported in the wireless communication system 100, and the parameter sets may include subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefixes. A first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second parameter set (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth parameter set (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth parameter set (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

[0056] The time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some embodiments, each frame may include a plurality of subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some embodiments, each frame may have the same duration. In some embodiments, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0057] Additionally or alternatively, the time intervals of resources (e.g., communication resources) may be organized according to time slots. For example, a subframe may include the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots. Each time slot may include the number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of time slots of a subframe may depend on a parameter set. For a conventional cyclic prefix, a time slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable to a 60kHz subcarrier spacing), a time slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per time slot, the number of time slots per subframe, and the number of time slots per frame of a conventional cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a parameter set. It should be understood that references to a first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and time slots.

[0058] In the wireless communication system 100, the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be divided into various categories, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. based on frequency or wavelength. By way of example, the wireless communication system 100 may support one or more operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). In some implementations, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may perform wireless communications on one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entity 102 and the UE 104 as well as other equipment or devices for cellular communication traffic (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entity 102 and the UE 104 and other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0059] FR1 may be associated with one or more parameter sets (e.g., at least three parameter sets). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first parameter set (e.g., μ=0) including a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second parameter set (e.g., μ=1) including a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) including a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or more parameter sets (e.g., at least 2 parameter sets). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third parameter set (e.g., μ=2) including a 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth parameter set (e.g., μ=3) including a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0060] According to implementation of the configuration for radio sensing, the network entity 102 and the UE 104 may cooperate to implement radio sensing according to the described implementation. In this particular example, the network entity 102 represents a sensing transmitting node ("sensing Tx node") and the UE 104 represents a sensing receiver node ("sensing Rx node"). However, this should not be construed as limiting, and a variety of different node types and node implementations may be used as part of the disclosed implementation, such as further described below.

[0061] With respect to the described example, the network entity 102 generates a configuration notification 120 and transmits the configuration notification 120 to the UE 104. The configuration notification 120, for example, includes various radio sensing related configuration information, such as known attributes of objects and / or scenes of interest, processing configuration information for processing radio sensing measurements, reporting configuration for reporting radio sensing measurements, etc. In at least one implementation, the configuration notification 120 references the configuration information using an index to a codebook that includes fields describing different objects and / or scenes of interest. Detailed examples of different examples and / or types of radio sensing related information that may be included in the configuration notification 120 are discussed throughout this disclosure.

[0062] The UE 104 receives the configuration notification 120 and implements (e.g., executes) a sensing configuration 122 to configure different radio sensing related logic and behaviors of the UE 104 based at least in part on the configuration notification 120. The sensing configuration 122, for example, configures the sensing, processing, and / or reporting logic and / or behaviors of the UE 104 and is based at least in part on the configuration notification 120. Based on the sensing configuration 122, the UE 104 performs radio sensing 124. For example, the radio sensing 124 is based on a reference signal 126 transmitted by the network entity 102 and received by the UE 104. The radio sensing 124 may be used to detect an object 128 (e.g., an object of interest) that affects the propagation of the reference signal 126, e.g., via signal interference, signal reflections, etc. caused by the object 128. As described in further detail below, the radio sensing 124 may utilize known object information included as part of the sensing configuration 122 to identify and / or confirm the identity of the object 128.

[0063] Based at least in part on the radio sensing 124 and / or processing of sensing measurements obtained by the radio sensing 124, the UE 104 generates a sensing report 130 and transmits the sensing report 130 to the network entity 102. The sensing report 130 may include various types of information, such as sensing measurements generated by the radio sensing 124, processed sensing measurements, sensing configuration 122 information used by the UE 104 to generate and / or process the sensing measurements, etc. In at least one implementation, the sensing report 130 is generated and / or transmitted according to reporting configuration information included as part of the sensing configuration 122. For example, the network entity 102 specifies in a configuration notification 120 the reporting configuration information to be used by the UE 104 to generate the sensing report 130.

[0064] In some wireless communication system designs, radio sensing in wireless cellular wireless networks is envisioned as a mechanism to improve network performance and serve vertical use cases. Specifically, radio sensing can obtain environmental information through the following means:

[0065] Transmitting a sensing excitation signal (e.g., a sensing reference signal (RS)) from a network or UE entity (e.g., a sensing Tx node);

[0066] Receiving reflections / echoes of the transmitted sensing excitation signals from the environment by the network and / or UE entity (e.g., sensing Rx node); and

[0067] Process the received reflections and infer relevant information from the environment.

[0068] As indicated above, propagated / reflected radio signals may be received and processed to extract environmental characteristics and information of interest. Therefore, it may be desirable to customize the signal reception, measurement, processing, and reporting procedures according to the nature of the specified radio sensing task and information, as well as the specified quality of service. An example list of potential use cases for such task-specific radio sensing measurements and reporting includes, but is not limited to:

[0069] Measurements are used to detect radio propagation of objects of interest, where the objects (if present) are located in a known three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional (2D) and / or one-dimensional (1D) area. Examples of different objects of interest include pedestrians crossing a known section of road, trains passing a known route, vehicles traveling along a known section of road (e.g., driven by human drivers and / or autonomous vehicles), etc.

[0070] Measurements are used to detect radio propagation of objects of interest, e.g. where the objects (if present) follow a specific velocity pattern. For example, for objects of interest, the direction of travel is known, and / or the absolute velocity is within an a priori known range and results in a CSI component within an a priori known region in the Doppler domain, e.g. a pedestrian with a speed not exceeding 30 km / h, a natural obstacle with zero velocity, etc.

[0071] Example features for defining UE sensing capabilities (where the UE acts as a sensing Tx for sensing tasks associated with a sensing RS) may be defined via a set of supported sensing RS modes, including (but not limited to):

[0072] Supported time domain resource pattern for sensing RS, for example, the maximum supported length of sensing RS in the time domain, the maximum number of symbols or symbol density for sensing RS transmission, the maximum supported power / energy for sensing RS transmission, etc.

[0073] Supported frequency domain resource patterns for sensing RS, e.g., the maximum supported bandwidth of the sensing RS in the frequency domain, the maximum number of resource elements (REs) or RE density for sensing RS transmission, the maximum supported power / energy for sensing RS transmission within a symbol, time slot and / or radio frame, etc.

[0074] Supported joint time-frequency domain resource patterns for sensing RS, e.g., maximum supported total number of REs per radio frame for sensing RS transmission, maximum supported power and / or energy for sensing RS transmission within a symbol, slot and / or radio frame, supported frequency hopping patterns, etc.

[0075] • Support of spatial filters, beams, and / or maximum supported number of simultaneously used spatial beams for sensing RS transmissions.

[0076] • Supporting guard interval or cyclic prefix (CP) overhead for sensing symbols within RS transmission.

[0077] • Supporting calculations and / or determinations of selecting a sensing RS resource pattern among a set of possible patterns for sensing RS transmissions.

[0078] • Supporting calculation and / or determination methods for selecting a sensing RS sequence among a set of possible sequences for sensing RS transmissions.

[0079] • Support sequence generation strategies and / or supported sequence generation sets that define parameters for sensing RS transmissions.

[0080] • Support sequence-to-resource mapping definition parameter set for transmit sensing RS pattern generation.

[0081] Example features for defining UE sensing capabilities (where the UE acts as a sensing Rx for sensing tasks associated with a sensing RS) may be defined via a set of supported sensing RS modes, including (but not limited to):

[0082] Supported time domain resource mode for sensing RS reception, for example, the maximum supported length of the sensing RS in the time domain, the maximum number of symbols or symbol density for sensing RS reception, etc.

[0083] · Supported frequency domain resource pattern for sensing RS reception, for example, the maximum supported bandwidth of the sensing RS in the frequency domain, the maximum number of REs or RE density for sensing RS reception, etc.

[0084] • Supported joint time-frequency domain resource pattern for sensing RS reception, e.g., maximum total number of REs per radio frame for sensing RS reception, supported frequency hopping pattern for sensing RS reception, etc.

[0085] • Support for spatial filters, beams, and / or the maximum number of simultaneously used spatial beams for sensing RS reception.

[0086] • Support guard interval and / or CP overhead for sensing symbols within RS reception.

[0087] • Support detection and / or determination for unknown (eg, partially unknown) reception sensing RS resource patterns among a set of possible patterns for sensing RS reception.

[0088] • Support detection and / or determination for an unknown (eg, partially unknown) received sensing RS sequence among a set of possible sequences.

[0089] • Support sequence generation strategy for sensing RS transmissions.

[0090] • Supported sequence-to-resource mapping definition parameter set for sensing RS reception.

[0091] Example features for defining UE sensing capabilities, where the UE jointly serves as a sensing Rx and a sensing Tx for sensing tasks associated with a sensing RS (e.g., in full-duplex with simultaneous transmission and reception), may be defined via a set of supported sensing RS modes, including but not limited to:

[0092] Support time domain resource mode for sensing RS joint transmission and reception.

[0093] Support frequency domain resource mode for joint transmission and reception of sensing RS.

[0094] Support for joint time / frequency domain resource mode, including support for frequency hopping mode for joint transmission and reception of sensing RS.

[0095] Support transmit and receive beam combining for sensing RS joint transmission and reception.

[0096] • Supported transmit powers for sensing RS joint transmission and reception, e.g., average transmit power during sensing, maximum average transmit power during sensing in any of the time slots, maximum transmit power during any transmit symbol, total sensing RS energy.

[0097] • Features of supported transmit power for sensing, which are defined specifically for transmit beams or Tx / Rx beam combinations that support joint sensing RS transmission and reception.

[0098] • Define the characteristics of the allowed combinations of the supported sensing RS sets for transmission and the supported sensing RS sets for reception.

[0099] Example features for defining the ability of a UE to sense RS multiplexing may include (but are not limited to):

[0100] • The number of sensing RSs that may be multiplexed within the same radio frame and / or exist simultaneously (eg, exist when other sensing RSs begin and before the other sensing RSs end).

[0101] • Data and / or control channels or other types of RS that can co-exist with a sensing RS (eg, exist after the channel and / or RS starts and before the channel and / or RS ends).

[0102] Supporting Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) spreading on sensing RS and / or multiplexed sensing RS.

[0103] Supported multiplexing types for all of the above.

[0104] Example features for defining UE sensing measurement capabilities (where the UE operates as a sensing Rx) may be defined via a set of supported measurement types including (but not limited to):

[0105] Supporting methods and / or computational models for sensing measurements, e.g., time domain processing for time of flight estimation, CP-OFDM based Doppler and / or range estimation, available computational and / or artificial intelligence (AI) models for sensing measurements.

[0106] Support for distance and / or range estimation, supported dynamic range for estimated object distance, supported distance estimation resolution.

[0107] Supported object speed estimation, supported dynamic range for estimated object speed, supported speed estimation resolution.

[0108] • Support for angular estimation (eg, Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation), supported dynamic range for estimated DoA, supported DoA estimation resolution.

[0109] • Maximum number of simultaneously supported objects for sensing measurements.

[0110] - Supports measurement features defined as a combination of any of the above features, for example, supporting DoA estimation for objects with a certain range dynamic range and a certain range resolution.

[0111] Example features for defining UE sensing measurement reporting capabilities (where the UE operates as a sensing Rx) may be defined via a set of supported measurement report types including (but not limited to):

[0112] • Types of messages and / or reports supported, e.g. compression of measurements, estimation parameters, event-based reporting with defined criteria, etc.

[0113] • The UE may store the duration of the measurement message before transmitting and / or reporting.

[0114] • Support for reporting criteria, e.g., comparison of estimated distances to thresholds, and / or computational models for checking reporting criteria.

[0115] Supports compression type for report messages.

[0116] For a specific radio sensing task, the information elements that specify the sensing QoS and / or sensing information type include (but are not limited to):

[0117] Sensing Information Type: In some implementations, a type of information to be obtained via the sensing procedure may be included in the request message. This includes, for example, an indication of a request for object and / or blockage detection, material and / or composition estimation, tracking and / or range of an object of interest, estimating the speed of an object of interest, etc. In some implementations, the requested information may be explicitly defined to facilitate scheduling of the network and / or determination of an appropriate response.

[0118] QoS of sensing information: In some implementations, the QoS parameters of the requested sensing information are included in the request message of, for example, the UE. Examples of this sensing QoS information include, but are not limited to:

[0119] ○ Latency: The tolerable latency requirement for completing the requested sensing operation. The measurable duration can be defined as the time difference from the network transmitting a request or receiving a request to one or more of the following: receiving a response from the network, receiving a sensing RS transmitted in response to the UE request, completing the sensing procedure, or receiving and / or recovering the expected sensing information by the UE, etc.

[0120] ○ Reliability / Accuracy: Information about the accuracy of the acquired sensing information may be defined, for example, via one or more of: a tolerable false alarm probability for detection within an object and / or region of interest, a specified detection probability for detection within an object and / or region of interest, a tolerable error metric for parameter estimation, such as an estimate of the speed or distance of an object of interest.

[0121] o Request Importance: In some embodiments, an indication of the importance (e.g., significance) of the requested information is also included in the request message, such as a different (e.g., separate) information element relative to other QoS descriptions used for sensing. For example, the indication of importance indicates the priority with which the network should respond proactively to the requested service. For example, the UE may include priority identifiers and / or categories for different types of requests in the request message.

[0122] ○ Security / Privacy: In some implementations, a request for a sensing operation is accompanied by a metric for protecting the sensing information (e.g., information related to signal propagation and / or reflection from objects and / or areas of interest that may be used by unauthorized third parties). One type of security metric may be included in the request message, e.g., for object of interest sensing information protection, area of ​​interest sensing information protection, requesting UE identity protection, along with a specified security level, e.g., as an integer defining the specified security level.

[0123] Therefore, solutions are provided in the present disclosure to provide intelligent radio sensing, including optimizing radio sensing measurements and signal processing, and reporting radio sensing operations based on known properties of the radio sensing environment.

[0124] Figure 2 An example scenario 200 of radio sensing of a configuration supporting radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In the scenario 200, one or more nodes 202 perform radio sensing 124 of an environment 204. In addition, the environment 204 includes various features, such as roads 206 and railways 208. The environment 204 also includes objects 128, including trains 210 on the railways 208, pedestrians 212 adjacent to the road 206, and cars 214 on the road 206. For example, the object 128 is detected by the radio sensing 124 based on different characteristic characteristics of the object 128, such as object speed, object size (e.g., area), object position within the environment 204, etc. In an implementation, the position and velocity range of the object 128 are known a priori and are projected into components of the CSI within known delay margins, angles (e.g., potential area), and Doppler (potential velocity range). The a priori known characteristics of the object 128 and the environment 204 can be used in implementations of radio sensing related signal processing and measurements.

[0125] One or more nodes 202 may be implemented via various types and / or combinations of nodes (e.g., UE 104, network entity 102, and combinations thereof). Thus, as discussed herein, nodes such as sensing Tx nodes and sensing Rx nodes may refer to network entity 102, UE 104, and combinations thereof. The implementations described in the present disclosure are applicable, for example, to a wide variety of different sensing scenarios. For example, the described implementations are applicable to radio sensing scenarios, in which the network configures participating sensing entities (e.g., network and UE nodes acting as sensing Tx nodes, and network and UE nodes acting as sensing Rx nodes) and configuration of sensing RSs and corresponding measurement and reporting procedures from the nodes. The functional allocation between the network and UE nodes for a particular sensing task, for example, may take various forms, such as based on the availability of devices with sensing capabilities and parameters related to a particular sensing operation.

[0126] Figure 3 An example scenario 300 of radio sensing supporting a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The scenario 300 includes:

[0127] Scenario 302a, where sensing Tx is as a network node 304 and sensing Rx is as a separate network node 306, represents a different example of a network entity 102: In scenario 302a, the sensing RS (and / or another RS ​​for sensing or data and / or control channels known to the network TRP node) is transmitted and received by the network entity 102. The participation of the UE node may be limited to aspects of interference management, for example. In scenario 302a, the network may not utilize the UE for sensing assistance.

[0128] Scenario 302b, where sensing Tx is a network node 304 and sensing Rx is the same network node 304: In scenario 302b, the sensing RS (and / or another RS ​​for sensing or data and / or control channels known to the network TRP node) is transmitted and received by the same network entity 102. The participation of the UE node may be limited to aspects of interference management, for example. In scenario 302b, the network may not utilize the UE for sensing assistance.

[0129] Scenario 302c, with sensing Tx as network node 306 and sensing Rx as UE 104: In scenario 302c, a sensing RS or another RS ​​for sensing is transmitted by the network entity 102 and received by one or more UEs 104. For example, the network configures the UE 104 to act as a sensing Rx node, e.g., according to the capabilities of the UE node for sensing and / or specifies a sensing task.

[0130] As part of scenes 302 a - 302 c , radio sensing is being implemented to detect characteristic features of an object 308 present in environment 310 .

[0131] Figure 4 An example scenario 400 of radio sensing supporting a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. For example, scenarios 300, 400 represent additional and / or alternative implementations. Scenario 400 includes:

[0132] Scenario 402a, where sensing Tx is UE 104a and sensing Rx is network node 404: In scenario 402a, a sensing RS or another RS ​​for sensing (and / or data and / or control channels transmitted by UE 104a) is received by one or more network entities 102 (e.g., network node 404) and transmitted by UE 104a. For example, the network configures UE 104a to act as a sensing Tx node, e.g., according to the capabilities of UE 104a for sensing and / or specifies a sensing task.

[0133] Scenario 402b, where sensing Tx is UE 104a and sensing Rx is a separate UE 104b: In scenario 402b, the sensing RS or another RS ​​for sensing is received by one or more UEs 104b and transmitted by UE 104a. In this scenario, the network and / or UE 104 may determine the configuration of the sensing scenario. In at least one example, the network configures UE 104 to act as a sensing Tx and / or sensing Rx node, for example, based on the capabilities of UE 104 for sensing and / or specifying a sensing task.

[0134] Scenario 402c, where sensing Tx as UE 104b and sensing Rx as the same UE 104b: In scenario 402c, the sensing RS (and / or another RS ​​for sensing and / or data and / or control channels known to the UE) is transmitted by the UE 104b and received by the same UE 104b. In at least one implementation, the UE 104b and / or the network configures the sensing scenario, for example, based on the capabilities of the UE 104 for sensing and / or specifies the sensing task.

[0135] As part of the scenes 402a-402c, radio sensing is being implemented to detect characteristic characteristics of an object 406 present in an environment 408. Additionally, the different scenes 302, 402 are presented for example purposes only, and it should be appreciated that implementations of configurations for radio sensing may be employed in a variety of different scenarios, including scenarios not explicitly described herein.

[0136] In at least some embodiments, a sensing Rx configuration is provided that includes known (e.g., known a priori) characteristic characteristics of an object that can be sensed via radio sensing. For example, a radio sensing controller entity (e.g., network entity 102) configures a sensing Rx node with one or more of the following:

[0137] (1) Regarding a first configuration in which a sensing RS signal is transmitted by a sensing Tx node to be received and processed by the sensing Rx node;

[0138] (2) a second configuration for performing intended receiver signal processing and / or measurements of received sensing RSs as part of the radio sensing operation based on known characteristics of the object of interest and / or the corresponding radio sensing scenario and other considerations; and

[0139] (3) A third configuration for transmitting a report from a sensing process performed, for example according to the first and second configurations.

[0140] Then, the sensing Rx node may perform reception of the sensing RS and perform corresponding radio sensing measurements and / or processing according to the received first and second configurations, and may subsequently generate and transmit a report according to the received third configuration.

[0141] In at least some embodiments, the radio sensing controller entity may be implemented and / or operated as part of a UE device, a third-party application on a RAN node (e.g., a gNB, a smart repeater, an IAB node, a UE / gNB-roadside unit (RSU)), etc.), part of a core network entity (e.g., a radio sensing management function), etc. With respect to at least some embodiments, a set of sensing Rx nodes associated with a radio sensing scenario may include a UE device, a network entity (e.g., a gNB node), a UE / gNB-RSU node, a smart repeater, an IAB node, a smart repeater node, and / or a combination thereof.

[0142] For example, the first configuration introduced above for transmitting a sensing RS signal by a sensing Tx node to be received by a sensing Rx node may include at least one or more of the following:

[0143] a) The waveform type or waveform definition parameters used for the sensing RS signal, such as the waveform type in the case where the waveform is different from the waveform used for other data / control transmission / reception by the same node, the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the sensing RS signal in the case of OFDM-based waveforms or other multi-carrier waveform types, the length and type of redundancy (e.g., CP length in the case of CP-OFDM), or the redundancy type and length in the case of unique word (UW)-OFDM;

[0144] b) sensing Rx's position of sensing Tx (sensing RS transmitting entity) according to a global or local / relative or known coordinate system, or sensing Tx's relative position with respect to an object / area of ​​interest for radio sensing;

[0145] c) one or more Tx antenna ports or transmit beams or transmit radiation patterns or transmit radiation characteristics (e.g., pan angle, beam angle in azimuth, beam angle in elevation / zenith angle, beam width) for transmitting the sensing RS;

[0146] d) a sensing RS resource according to a waveform transmitted by the sensing RS, for example, a CP-OFDM time / frequency resource through which the sensing RS is transmitted;

[0147] e) Tx power used to transmit the sensing RS;

[0148] f) Sequence generation and physical-resource-mapping type based on which the sensing RS signal is generated.

[0149] For example, the second configuration introduced above for receiver signal processing and / or measurement of received sensing RSs may include one or more of the following:

[0150] a) an indication of one or more Rx spatial filters used by the sensing Rx to receive the sensing RS signal;

[0151] b) an indication of one or more characteristics of an object and / or scene of interest for sensing according to which sensory measurements and / or signal processing are performed;

[0152] c) One or more types of processing and / or calculation results generated from the received sensing RS, the received configuration.

[0153] Additionally, a second configuration such as introduced above for receiver signal processing and / or measurement of received sensing RSs may be determined (eg, by a radio sensing controller) based on one or more of the following:

[0154] a) a priori known characteristics of one or more objects of interest, such as those relevant to a given radio sensing operation;

[0155] b) Radio sensing related capabilities of the sensing Rx node, for example, including but not limited to:

[0156] ⅰ. The stability of sensing Rx within a specified sensing duration (e.g., position stability);

[0157] ⅱ. One or more of the time, frequency, angle or position synchronization levels of the sensing Rx and sensing Tx nodes;

[0158] iii. Sense the observability zone of Rx relative to the object and / or region of interest.

[0159] c) Radio sensing related capabilities of other participating Rx nodes in the sensing scenario;

[0160] d) the availability of one or more of time, frequency, energy, storage resources or processing resources for radio sensing operations in available radio sensing nodes;

[0161] e) Specify the quality of service for the specified radio sensing task.

[0162] In at least some implementations, a priori known features of the object of interest and / or scene for sensing according to which sensory measurements and / or signal processing are performed may include one or more of the following;

[0163] a) Probability of existence of the expected object;

[0164] b) the probability mass function of the number of objects present in the relevant sensing area of ​​interest;

[0165] c) the location, location range, set and / or potential area of ​​the object of interest (if any) according to a coordinate system (e.g., the global, local, relative and / or known coordinate system of the sensing Rx node);

[0166] d) The probability mass function of the object position conditional on the object's existence. For example, the probability that the object appears on a cube identified by (5,5,5) < (x,y,z) < (15,15,15) in 3D is 0.2; the probability that it appears within a 2D rectangular region (5,5) < (x,y) < (15,15) is 0.2; the probability that it appears on a 1D region represented by 5 < x < 15 is 0.2; and / or the probability that it appears in an angular region represented by (for example, azimuth and / or elevation / zenith angle ranges) according to a coordinate system (such as the global, local, relative, and / or known coordinate system of the sensing Rx node) is 0.2;

[0167] e) The speed and / or set of speeds and / or ranges, for example, including the absolute speed range and / or possible directions of movement, such as the direction of movement or angular range relative to a coordinate system (such as the global, local, relative, and / or known coordinate system of the object of interest conditional on the object's existence);

[0168] f) The probability mass function of the object speed (absolute speed, speed direction, and / or directional speed, for example, which can be combined) on known speed segments. For example, the probability of occurring within 10 to 20 kilometers per hour (km / h) with a + / - 10-degree deviation along the north direction is 0.2, the probability of occurring within 10 to 20 km / h is 0.3, the probability of occurring when moving along the north direction with a + / - 10-degree deviation is 0.4, etc.;

[0169] g) The probability mass function of the object's Doppler characteristics, such as the Doppler range and / or spread;

[0170] h) The expected object RCS pattern and / or parameters related to the resulting RCS pattern, such as the probability mass function on the object size, object composition, object material, and object shape, or different combinations thereof. For example, the probability mass function of different RCS patterns and / or value ranges on different object sizes or shapes;

[0171] i) One or more potential object types (such as a person, vehicle, cat, dog, building, wall, etc.) and / or their probability mass functions;

[0172] j) The semantic representation of the object as a feasible state and / or its mass probability density function. For example, possible human or animal body postures: such as standing, sleeping, bending, different standing postures, different gestures, different heart and / or breathing states, etc.;

[0173] k) The indication of the sensing Rx node for previous sensing Rx processing and / or known object types, where the object of interest (if it exists) may share attributes with the known or previously analyzed objects of the sensing Rx node;

[0174] l) Features obtained from combinations of the above examples of features, such as a joint probability mass function over multiple domains, such as the power angle delay-Doppler bin of the measured CSI.

[0175] Examples of probability measures discussed herein may be presented as unconditional values ​​and / or conditional probability measures, such as conditional on the presence of an object.

[0176] Figure 5 An example table 500 of radio sensing supporting a configuration for radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. For example, the table 500 may be implemented as part of a codebook for radio sensing. For example, features and / or subsets thereof of an object of interest and / or a scene of interest (which may include multiple objects) for sensing may be indicated via one or more indexes from a codebook, wherein the codebook includes different predefined feature sets of feature characteristics. The table 500 includes different entries 502a, 502b, 502c, 502d, and 502n, each corresponding to a different index value from an index field 504a. Additionally, different fields 504b, 504c, 504d, 504e, 504f, and 504n define different attributes of the object of interest and / or scene.

[0177] In at least some implementations, each or more of the mentioned fields may be defined via separate or combined codebooks, including, for example, definition of value ranges for object position, area, velocity, direction, RCS, and / or combinations thereof. Additionally, an index from one codebook may be used to define a set of object features, and other object features may be indicated via an index from another codebook. Object features may also be explicitly indicated, for example, via parameter values ​​defining the features (e.g., object direction and / or orientation (if an object is detected), a maximum number of objects that may be simultaneously present in a detection area, etc.).

[0178] In at least some embodiments, the multiple indexes indicated from the codebook and / or table may indicate a range of valid indexes between two indicated indexes. In addition, the multiple indexes indicated from the codebook and / or table may indicate that multiple corresponding conditions (e.g., when a condition corresponds to an object feature defined by an indicated index within the table and / or codebook) may be applicable at the same time. In at least some embodiments, the index indication from the table and / or codebook corresponds to a condition defined via a corresponding index that may not apply. In addition, a combination of any of the above-mentioned embodiments of the indication of multiple indexes can be used to define the feature of interest. In at least some embodiments, a priori known features are indicated with two indexes (e.g., via speed values ​​from a codebook defining absolute speed), wherein the two indexes represent a speed range. For example, the measured speed of an object may be indicated via a single index from the same codebook, or via two different indexes from the same codebook, such as for defining a smaller range of absolute speed values ​​after measurement. In at least some embodiments, the indicated indexes from the codebook may be associated to indicate multiple indexes from the codebook and / or table.

[0179] According to one or more embodiments, one or a combination of the information types described above for the a priori known features of the object / scene of interest for sensing can be used to present the sensing processing and / or calculation results. For example, the a priori known features of the object and / or scene of interest can be adjusted and / or updated with the assistance of the measurements performed at the sensing Rx, thus representing the a posteriori information about the object of interest. In at least one embodiment, the a posteriori probability mass function of the number of current objects is calculated based on the a priori known probability mass function of the number of current objects and the measurements performed by the sensing Rx node, and it is presented via an index from the same codebook and / or table defined for presenting the probability mass function of the number of current objects. In addition, the obtained a posteriori information can be presented via different codebooks (e.g., by presenting the a posteriori probability mass function of the number of current objects with a codebook that more accurately defines the number and / or type of the current object). In at least some embodiments, the sensing processing results have a different type of information than the a priori known information about the object of interest, for example, when the object is located in a priori known delay or angle range, and the sensing Rx processing can use the previous information to estimate the object speed.

[0180] According to one or more embodiments, the type of processing and / or calculation results may further include one or more of the following:

[0181] a) detecting an object of interest given a sensed scene and the indicated features of the object of interest, the detection may include an indication of the probability of the object being present or absent. For example, the probability of detecting the object being present is in the range of 90% to 95%, or the probability of detecting the object being absent is 90% or higher;

[0182] b) The number of existing objects within the set of objects of interest to be detected and / or monitored;

[0183] c) The probability mass function of the number of existing objects, e.g., the probability of no objects is 0.1, the probability of 1 object is 0.8, and the probability of two or more objects of interest is 0.1.

[0184] d) A measured CSI associated with the sensing RS reception and / or a quantized version of the measured CSI that utilizes the indicated features of the objects of interest, e.g., measured within a relevant delay, Doppler, and / or angular margin, and / or CSI compressed according to the importance inferred from the features of the objects of interest;

[0185] e) An estimate of one or a combination of sensing-related parameters associated with the current object of interest (e.g., detected a priori as via step a) above), where the sensing-related parameters may include one or more of the following:

[0186] i. The position of the object (3-d, 2-d, or 1-d) relative to a known and / or global coordinate system,

[0187] ii. The time of flight (ToF) of the reflection path containing the object of interest;

[0188] iii. The object velocity direction, velocity intensity, or a combination thereof, e.g., the velocity towards a specific direction of interest, the size of the object of interest, etc.;

[0189] iv. The perceived Doppler shift of the reflection path containing the object of interest;

[0190] v. The composition of the object of interest, e.g., weather pollution estimate, object material estimate, etc.;

[0191] vi. Combining one or more of the above parameters into a parameter array.

[0192] f) A quantized estimate of the parameters defined in the above steps, or a quantized version of the combined parameters quantized as an array, where the quantization steps may include one or more of the following:

[0193] i. An absolute velocity zone, e.g., 10 < vel. < 30 kmH;

[0194] ii. 10 < vel. < 30 kmH and in the northeast direction;

[0195] iii. A position zone of (9, 9, 10) < (x, y, z) < (10, 10, 10)

[0196] iv. A position zone of (9, 9, 10) < (x, y, z) < (10, 10, 10) and 10 < vel. < 30 kmH and in the northeast direction;

[0197] v. The size of the object of interest is 0 to 1 cubic meter or 1 to 5 cubic meters.

[0198] g) Classification of objects into different types and / or categories, e.g., standing person, walking pedestrian, moving car, exiting train, tree, wall, animal (e.g., cat / dog), etc. In at least some implementations, detection of object poses, gestures, and / or further semantic attributes may be presented via a separate codebook defined for each specific object type, e.g., when the type of object is identified as a human, known human gestures may be conveyed via indices from a codebook defining different body poses and / or gestures for humans.

[0199] In at least some implementations, the indication of the type of sensory information result can be accompanied by an indication of an accuracy value, such as 3D position and / or estimation error along a particular direction, velocity estimation error along a particular direction, etc.

[0200] In at least some embodiments, the indication of the second type of processing and / or computational result includes a criterion based on the result of the first processing and / or computational result, according to which upon determining that the first processing result satisfies the indicated criterion, the sensing Rx is requested to produce the second type of processing result. Examples include, but are not limited to, the sensing Rx being configured to estimate the position and / or velocity of the detected object of interest, or a combination thereof, upon detecting that the object of interest is present within the indicated region of interest with a probability greater than 0.9.

[0201] In at least some embodiments, sensing Rx performs sensing measurements and processing to obtain a set of object features, and then uses the obtained sensing results to calculate the remaining sensing parameters. For example, calculating the remaining sensing parameters may be subject to conditions based on the indicated criteria and previously obtained sensing results. In at least some embodiments, sensing Rx calculates the object speed using a posterior probability mass function of the object position and / or the object's presence, for example, where the object speed calculation is conditioned on the object being within the indicated area of ​​interest. In alternative or additional embodiments, sensing Rx obtains a rough estimate of the sensing parameter (e.g., the object position), and if the obtained rough estimate meets the indicated criteria (e.g., the pedestrian's rough position is close to a sensitive area of ​​the intersection), then sensing Rx performs more precise processing to obtain specified sensing information, for example, more accurately locate or obtain a speed / speed direction estimate of the pedestrian.

[0202] A third configuration for transmitting a report from sensing processing performed such as described above may include one or more of the following:

[0203] a) a set of time and / or frequency and beam resources for reports generated by the sensing Rx nodes to transmit;

[0204] b) criteria for reporting the transmission, e.g. based on the resulting processing results, e.g., whether an object is detected to be present with at least an indicated probability, and / or whether the measured received RS power is above a threshold;

[0205] c) The type of information included in the generated report, which may include all or a subset of the results of the indicated processing and / or calculations.

[0206] In at least some embodiments, any of the described configurations (e.g., the first, second, and / or third configurations described above) and measurements and / or reports or a subset thereof may be communicated between the sensing Rx and the network and / or sensing controller entity via uplink (UL), downlink (DL), or sidelink (SL) physical data and / or control channels defined within the communication network (e.g., NR physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), etc.). In addition, one or more of the configurations or portions of their information elements may be communicated via RRC and / or higher layer signaling. In at least some embodiments, one or more of the configurations and / or portions of their information elements may be communicated between the network and the sensing Rx node via sensing Rx node-specific downlink control information (DCI), group common DCI, broadcast messages, and / or multicast messages.

[0207] In at least some embodiments, different configurations and / or different information elements within a configuration may be communicated via different signaling. For example, resources for sensing RS and / or information elements containing a priori known features of the object and / or scene of interest may be indicated via RRC and / or higher layer signaling, while activation of sensing operations and the type of processing results may be dynamically defined via sensing Rx node specific DCI (e.g., on PDCCH), group common DCI, and / or MAC control elements (CE). In addition, one or more of the configurations and / or portions of their information elements may be communicated via NAS signaling exchanges between a sensing controller as a core network entity and a sensing Rx.

[0208] Figure 6A system 600 for radio sensing supporting a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. For example, the implementations described herein may further provide a priori known feature utilization via a CSI domain conversion simplification step. For example, the system 600 includes sensing Rx signal processing to adjust the requested radio sensing results to the indicated features of the object and / or scene of interest for radio sensing. The system 600 may be implemented by sensing Rx and may include one or more of the following processing blocks:

[0209] 1. Rx signal collection block 602: According to the configuration received from the sensing controller and / or as part of the implementation and / or determination of the sensing Rx node, the received sensing RS transmitted by the sensing Tx node is received by the sensing Rx together with other signals related to the sensing processing, quantized and / or compressed by the sensing Rx node, and stored in the memory by the sensing Rx node.

[0210] 2. Pre-processing block 604: The output of the Rx signal collection block 602 may be used at the pre-processing block 604 to perform one or more of the following:

[0211] a. Noise and / or interference reduction, for example, a received interference signal (eg, a data channel, a control channel, or another RS) is estimated and / or decoded and subtracted from the sensing RS signal received from the sensing Rx node;

[0212] b. The received sensing RS may be interpolated on a resource plane defined via the sensing RS according to the received configuration, and / or on any transform domain, to generate a comprehensive resource plane on which CSI and / or domain calculations may be performed.

[0213] All or part of the elements of the pre-processing block 604 may be implemented according to a configuration received from a sensing controller and / or implemented as part of an implementation / determination of a sensing Rx node;

[0214] 3. Domain conversion block 606: According to the nature of the specified sensing task and / or processing results, as well as the sensing Rx node capabilities, computing capabilities and / or storage resource availability, the stored and filtered sensing RS (e.g., the output of the pre-processing block 604) can be considered as the RS for CSI estimation in the identified domain (or multiple identified domains). The determination of the selection of the identified domain can be completed via an indication included in the configuration received from the sensing controller and / or as part of the implementation and / or determination of the sensing Rx node based on the received configuration.

[0215] 4. Windowing / spatial simplification block 608: The CSI data calculated in the domain from the output of the domain conversion block 606 may be filtered to maintain a portion of the calculated CSI information related to the object and / or scene of interest as indicated via the received configuration, or windowed to perform weighting on the calculated CSI values. For example, based on the received information, the windowing / spatial simplification block 608 extracts CSI components and / or received RS power within the relevant delay-Doppler angle region, as configured or inferred from a priori known characteristics of the object of interest for sensing.

[0216] 5. Post-processing block 610: The windowed / filtered CSI data in the correlation domain obtained from the windowing / spatial simplification block 608 may be used to obtain a specified sensing processing output, for example, by performing quantization and / or compression of features of an object of interest, detection and / or sensing, parameter estimation of an object of interest, etc. The sensing processing results may be selected according to a configuration received from a sensing controller (e.g., a network node, a third-party application on a sensing Rx device, etc.).

[0217] Although blocks 602-610 are depicted as separate processing blocks, it should be appreciated that the operations discussed with reference to the different blocks may be combined.

[0218] With respect to the system 600, the sensing controller 612 may perform configuration 614 to configure the operation of the different processing blocks, such as via configuration information transmitted to the sensing Rx specifying the processing logic and operations to be performed, such as described above. In addition, the sensing Rx may transmit a sensing report 616, such as to the sensing controller 612. For example, the sensing report 616 includes outputs from the post-processing block 610 and / or other blocks described in the system 600.

[0219] According to one or more implementations, elements for implementing blocks 602 to 610 or a combination and / or a subset of the above steps may be determined explicitly or implicitly from a configuration 614 from a sensing controller 612 and / or determined locally at the sensing Rx using the configuration 614 and locally available information at the sensing Rx node. Examples of such elements include sensing Rx location, sensing Tx location, statistics, sensing history of measured parameters, specifying sensing quality of service (e.g., latency, accuracy), real-time capability of the sensing Rx node to perform sensing tasks, etc.

[0220] In at least some implementations, the domain within which the CSI data is to be measured and / or calculated may include one or more of the following:

[0221] a) Delay domain, e.g., components of CSI (e.g., received sensing RS power, CSI matrix, or transformation thereof) for different delay values ​​according to a known and / or shared time reference between sensing Tx and sensing Rx nodes;

[0222] b) Angle-azimuth domain, e.g., components of CSI for different arrival azimuth values ​​according to global, local and / or known coordinate systems (e.g., received sensing RS power, CSI matrix or its transformation);

[0223] c) Angle - elevation and / or zenith angle domain, e.g., components of CSI (e.g., received sensing RS power, CSI matrix or transformation thereof) for different arrival elevation and / or zenith angle values ​​according to a global, local and / or known coordinate system;

[0224] d) channel and / or CSI periodograms, wherein the periodograms are measured and / or presented in terms of time, frequency, and / or both time and frequency;

[0225] e) Doppler domain, e.g., components of CSI for different Doppler shift values ​​according to a known reference of the sensing Rx node (e.g., received sensing RS power, CSI matrix or its transformation);

[0226] f) Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) patterns, such as components of CSI for different received OAM patterns (e.g., received sensing RS power, CSI matrix or transformation thereof);

[0227] g) Combinations of the above, including (but not limited to) angle-elevation domain, angle-azimuth domain, power-delay distribution, angular power spectrum, angular power-delay spectrum, delay-Doppler domain, Doppler-power spectrum, angular delay-Doppler distribution, etc.

[0228] In at least some implementations, a priori known features to be inferred and used in the sensing Rx node to implement all or any of the above steps may include one or more of the following:

[0229] a) An angle of arrival (e.g., azimuth, elevation, and / or zenith angle), potential angular range, and / or quality probability function within multiple angular ranges of a sensing RS reflected from an object of interest and received by a sensing Rx node, e.g., according to a known, global, and / or local coordinate system (e.g., sensing Rx);

[0230] b) the arrival delay and / or ToF of the sensing RS reflected from the object of interest and received by the sensing Rx node, a potential delay range, or a quality probability function within multiple delay ranges, e.g., based on a (e.g., sensing Rx) known time reference;

[0231] c) Doppler shifts experienced by the sensing RS reflected from the object of interest and received by the sensing Rx node, potential Doppler shift ranges, and / or quality probability functions within multiple Doppler shift ranges;

[0232] d) receiving a power, a power value range, an RCS value range, and / or a quality probability function within multiple power and / or RCS value ranges from a sensing RS reflected from an object of interest and received by a sensing Rx node, for example based on a known power reference (e.g., sensing Rx).

[0233] In at least some implementations, the sensing processing output (e.g., sensing report 616) contains the sensing information and is consumed locally (e.g., at a third-party application located at the same sensing Rx node). Alternatively or additionally, the sensing processing output is transmitted to a node that consumes the generated sensing information and / or performs further processing on the generated sensing information. In alternative or additional implementations, the sensing processing output is generated and transmitted (e.g., according to a configuration received by the sensing controller 612) to a third network node (e.g., another network node with available computing resources, a mobile edge computing (MEC) node, and / or a UE node with available additional computing resources), where the sensing information can be further processed and / or combined and additional sensing information extracted.

[0234] In at least some embodiments, the configuration of the sensing information combination and / or further processing and / or transmission of its report can be indicated to the third node by the sensing controller 612 via an available signaling interface between the sensing controller and the third node. Examples of the signaling interface include non-access stratum (NAS) messages between a core network function operating as a sensing controller and a third network node via UL, DL, and / or SL physical channels when the third node is a UE node, via a backhaul adaptation protocol (BAP) and / or F1 interface for an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node (e.g., the third node is an IAB node), side control signaling for smart repeaters, etc.

[0235] In at least some implementations, the sensing controller 612 configures the sensing Rx with blocks 602 to 610 or a subset and / or combination thereof, e.g., compresses CSI measurements in the Doppler-azimuth-delay domain within a specific Doppler azimuth-delay range, and sends the compressed measurements to a configured third node for further processing. The third node may receive a configuration of the type of processing performed at the sensing Rx (e.g., via a similar configuration for sensing measurements as received by the sensing Rx node) and the third node may perform a combination of sensing information received from one or more sensing Rx nodes and extract sensing information according to the received configuration. The type of sensing information to be extracted by the processing node may be received via a configuration including one or more of the information elements as defined by the type of processing and / or calculation results discussed above, for example.

[0236] With respect to the implementations discussed herein, the configuration of RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, and rank indicator (RI) measurements is accompanied by the configuration of one or more permissibility conditions, according to which the received RS and / or signal power may be measured to calculate the above metrics within the permissible domain and then used to calculate the RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI, RI metrics. Thus, the channel rank may be calculated within a channel path within one or more permissibility conditions. The permissibility conditions may include, but are not limited to:

[0237] a) Rx signals and / or RS (e.g., sensing RS) received within a specified angular range (e.g., azimuth and / or elevation) according to a global and / or known coordinate system at a receiver (e.g., sensing Rx) node;

[0238] b) RS (e.g., sensing RS) received within a specific delay margin experienced from transmission until reception by the sensing Rx node according to a known time reference measurement of the sensing Rx node. For example, the time reference represents a similar or shared time reference between the sensing Rx node and the sensing Tx node when the sensing Rx node and the sensing Tx node are time synchronized and / or a delay margin (e.g., received symbol, slot, subframe, and / or frame boundary) relative to the sensing Rx node time reference determined based on tracking the sensing Tx node transmission (e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB) and CSI-RS for tracking);

[0239] c) RS (e.g., sensing RS) received within a specific Doppler shift margin measured from a known frequency reference of the receiver. For example, the frequency reference represents a similar and / or shared frequency reference between the sensing Rx node and the sensing Tx node and / or a Doppler shift margin relative to the sensing Rx node frequency reference determined based on frequency tracking and synchronization with the sensing Tx node transmission (e.g., SSB and CSI-RS for tracking).

[0240] In at least one embodiment, the channel rank measured within a particular delay range is less than the channel rank of the unconditional channel rank, for example, because reflections outside the permissible range are not included in the determination of the channel rank. In at least one embodiment, the condition may be constructed via multiple instances of the above conditions via a union, intersection, or combination thereof. Thus, an example permissibility condition may be constructed as, for example, a measurement of RS power received from:

[0241] · sensing the elevation angle of [-10 10] or [30 35] at Rx (according to the known coordinate system); and

[0242] • Within 1 to 2 ms delay margin for distance sensing Tx transmissions, where the time reference at the transmitter is also known at the receiver.

[0243] In at least some implementations, the domains and domain reduction elements discussed above may be used to define admissibility conditions, such as RS power received from a portion of a wireless channel defined via a segment defining the domain.

[0244] In at least some embodiments, the indication of the second configuration discussed above for receiver signal processing and / or measurements of received sensing RSs includes an indication of a measurement threshold for determining a sensing result. For example, the threshold is indicated jointly with the measurement type, the measurement domain, the range within the measurement domain, the measurement permissibility condition, and / or a combination thereof. In addition, an energy threshold may be indicated to determine the presence of an object, such as measuring within the indicated time and frequency resources and within the indicated angular range. In at least some embodiments, the energy threshold will be applied to the indicated conditional CSI measurement, such as an RSRP measurement above the indicated threshold within an elevation range of [10 30] degrees relative to the local coordinate system indicating the presence of an object at the UE.

[0245] Figure 7 An example of a block diagram 700 illustrating a device 702 (e.g., an apparatus) that supports configurations for radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The device 702 may be an example of a network entity 102 and / or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 702 may support wireless communications with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 702 may include components for bidirectional communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 704, a memory 706, a transceiver 708, and an I / O controller 710. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., a bus).

[0246] The processor 704, memory 706, transceiver 708, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 704, memory 706, transceiver 708, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.

[0247] In some implementations, the processor 704, the memory 706, the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit system). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that is configured as or otherwise supports means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 704 and the memory 706 coupled to the processor 704 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., the processor 704 executes instructions stored in the memory 706). For example, in the context of the UE 104, the transceiver 708 and the processor 704 coupled to the transceiver 708 are configured to cause the UE 104 to perform various described operations and / or combinations thereof.

[0248] For example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may support wireless communication at the device 702 according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support means for: receiving a first indication of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects; receiving one or more reference signals; performing radio sensing of an environment based at least in part on the one or more reference signals and one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; and transmitting a second indication based at least in part on the radio sensing.

[0249] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support means for: receiving a first indication from a first device and receiving one or more reference signals from a second, different device; receiving a first indication and one or more reference signals from the same device; one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects including at least one of: presence information of one or more objects; location information of one or more objects; velocity information of one or more objects; RCS of one or more objects; type of one or more objects; at least one of the shapes or postures of one or more objects; at least one of the compositions or textures of one or more objects; or a perceived CSI description at a sensing receiver node, including an effect of one or more objects, the perceived CSI description including at least one of a CSI domain or a CSI domain segment; the CSI domain including at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain.

[0250] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support components for: identifying one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects in a first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table that includes different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; the first table includes a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic characteristics and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic characteristics, the first set of characteristic characteristics and the second set of characteristic characteristics including at least one common characteristic characteristic; further identifying one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects in the first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a second table that includes predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects.

[0251] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support components for: receiving reference signal information for one or more reference signals, the reference signal information including at least one of: a waveform type or a set of waveform definition parameters for a waveform used to transmit the one or more reference signals; a set of resources through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the waveform; one or more of a transmit beam pattern or a radio pattern through which the one or more reference signals are transmitted; a transmit power for transmitting the one or more reference signals; a sequence generation and physical-resource-mapping type for generating the one or more reference signals; or a location of a device transmitting the one or more reference signals; receiving sensing configuration information for radio sensing, the sensing configuration information including at least one of: an indication of one or more receive spatial filters to be used for receiving the one or more reference signals; an indication of one or more known attributes of one or more characteristic characteristics of an environment; or one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing; and further performing radio sensing based on the sensing configuration information.

[0252] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support components for: receiving a first indication via a first signaling type; and receiving sensing configuration information via a second, different signaling type; one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing including at least one of the following: a quantized received reference signal or a compressed reference signal; a CSI measurement obtained from the received reference signal; an inference of the presence of one or more objects; an estimated position of one or more objects; an estimated speed of one or more objects; an estimated RCS of one or more objects; an estimate of one or more of the type, shape, composition, or posture of one or more objects; an indication of sensing service quality of radio sensing; or a combination thereof; indicating one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing.

[0253] In addition, in some implementations, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 may be configured to and / or otherwise support means for: indicating one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to a table of different output values ​​including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; the CSI measurement includes at least one of: a CSI domain; one or more of the segments or margins within the CSI domain; or an operation to be performed on a CSI measurement within the indicated one or more of the segments or margins; the CSI domain includes at least one of: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain; in a first indication via a corresponding to a table including One or more indexes of a first table of different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of one or more objects identify one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects, and a second indication identifies the output of radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to the first table; for the one or more characteristic characteristics, the CSI measurement includes at least one of the following: a CSI measurement on the intersection of the one or more characteristic characteristics; a CSI measurement on the union of the one or more characteristic characteristics; or a combination thereof; receiving the first indication via higher layer signaling of the communication network or one or more defined physical channels; transmitting the second indication based on at least one of the following: a set of time, frequency and beam resources for transmitting the second indication; at least one criterion for transmitting the second indication; or the type of information contained in the second indication.

[0254] In another example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 can support wireless communication at the device 702 according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 can be configured to or otherwise support means for: transmitting a first indication of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects; transmitting one or more reference signals; and receiving a second indication of a result of radio sensing performed based at least in part on the transmitted one or more reference signals.

[0255] In addition, in some embodiments, one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects include at least one of the following: presence information of one or more objects; location information of one or more objects; speed information of one or more objects; RCS of one or more objects; type of one or more objects; at least one of shape or posture of one or more objects; at least one of composition or texture of one or more objects; or a perceptual CSI description at a sensing receiver node, including the effect of one or more objects, the perceptual CSI description including at least one of a CSI domain or a CSI domain segment; the CSI domain includes at least one of the following: delay domain; angle-azimuth domain; one or more of angle-elevation or zenith angle domains; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain; in a first indication, one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table including different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of one or more objects; the first table includes a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic characteristics and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic characteristics, the first set of characteristic characteristics and the second set of characteristic characteristics including at least one common characteristic characteristic.

[0256] In addition, in some embodiments, one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects are further identified in the first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a second table containing predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects: reference signal information for transmitting one or more reference signals, the reference signal information including at least one of the following: a waveform type or one or more of a set of waveform definition parameters for a waveform for transmitting one or more reference signals; a set of resources through which one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the waveform; one or more of a transmit beam pattern or a radio mode through which one or more reference signals are transmitted; a transmit power for transmitting one or more reference signals; a sequence generation and physical-resource-mapping type for generating one or more reference signals; or a location of a device transmitting one or more reference signals.

[0257] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor and transceiver are configured to cause the device to: transmit sensing configuration information for radio sensing, the sensing configuration information including at least one of: an indication of one or more receive spatial filters to be used to receive one or more reference signals; an indication of one or more known attributes of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects; or one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; transmit a first indication via a first signaling type; and transmit sensing configuration information via a second, different signaling type; the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing include at least one of: one or more of a quantized received reference signal or a compressed reference signal; a CSI measurement of a reference signal; an inference of the presence of one or more objects; an estimated position of one or more objects; an estimated speed of one or more objects; an estimated RCS of one or more objects; an estimate of one or more of the type, shape, composition, or posture of one or more objects; an indication of sensing service quality of radio sensing; or a combination thereof.

[0258] In addition, in some embodiments, one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indices corresponding to different output values ​​of a table including different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing; the CSI measurement includes at least one of the following: a CSI domain; one or more of the segments or margins within the CSI domain; or an operation to be performed on the CSI measurement within the indicated one or more of the segments or margins; the CSI domain includes at least one of the following: a delay domain; an angle-azimuth domain; one or more of an angle-elevation or zenith angle domain; one or more of a channel or CSI periodogram; or a Doppler domain; in a first indication In the method, one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects are identified via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table containing different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects, and the second indication identifies the output of radio sensing via one or more indexes corresponding to the first table; for the one or more characteristic characteristics, the CSI measurement includes at least one of the following: a CSI measurement on the intersection of the one or more characteristic characteristics; a CSI measurement on the union of the one or more characteristic characteristics; or a combination thereof; the first indication is transmitted via higher layer signaling of the communication network or one or more defined physical channels; a third indication is transmitted, including at least one of the following: a set of time, frequency and beam resources for the transmission of the second indication; at least one criterion for the transmission of the second indication; or the type of information included in the second indication.

[0259] In another example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 can support wireless communications at the device 702 according to examples as disclosed herein. For example, the processor 704 and / or the transceiver 708 can be configured to or otherwise support means for: receiving radio sensing measurements of the environment; receiving processing configuration information for generating a processing configuration for the radio sensing measurements; extracting sensing information of the environment from the radio sensing measurements and based at least in part on the processing configuration information; and transmitting a report based on the extracted sensing information of the environment.

[0260] In addition, in some embodiments, the processor and transceiver are configured to cause the apparatus to: receive radio sensing measurements from multiple devices and combine at least some of the radio sensing measurements from the multiple devices to extract sensing information of the environment; receive one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects, and further extract sensing information based at least in part on the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; receive radio sensing measurements of the environment from a first device and receive processing configuration information from a second, different device; receive radio sensing measurements of the environment and processing configuration information from the same device; wherein the processing configuration information includes at least one of the following: pre-processing applied to the radio sensing measurements; domain conversion applied to the radio sensing measurements; windowing applied to the radio sensing measurements; spatial simplification applied to the radio sensing measurements; or post-processing applied to the radio sensing measurements; wherein the sensing information includes attributes of one or more objects detected in the environment.

[0261] The processor 704 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 704 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 704. The processor 704 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 706) to cause the device 702 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0262] The memory 706 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 706 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code, which includes instructions that, when executed by the processor 704, cause the device 702 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium (e.g., system memory or another type of memory). In some embodiments, the code may not be directly executed by the processor 704, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some embodiments, the memory 706 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS), which may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0263] I / O controller 710 can manage input and output signals of device 702. I / O controller 710 can also manage peripheral devices that are not integrated into device 2402. In some embodiments, I / O controller 710 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some embodiments, I / O controller 710 can utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In some embodiments, I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of a processor (e.g., processor M08). In some embodiments, a user may interact with device 702 via I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by I / O controller 710.

[0264] In some implementations, the device 702 may include a single antenna 712. However, in some other implementations, the device 702 may have more than one antenna 712 (i.e., multiple antennas) including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions simultaneously. The transceiver 708 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 712, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 708 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 708 may also include a modem to modulate packets, provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 712 for transmission, and demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 712.

[0265] Figure 8 Flowchart illustrating a method 800 for supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 800 may be implemented by an apparatus or components thereof as described herein. For example, the method 800 may be implemented by a device or components thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 7 The described network entity 102 and / or UE 104 performs the operations of method 800. In some implementations, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0266] At 802, the method may include receiving a first indication of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects. The operation of 802 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, the operation of Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 802 .

[0267] At 804, the method may include receiving one or more reference signals. The operations of 804 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the reference signals may be received by Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 804 .

[0268] At 806, the method may include performing radio sensing of the environment based at least in part on one or more reference signals and one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects. The operation of 806 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the operation of 806 may be performed by a reference signal as described in the example of FIG. Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 806 .

[0269] At 808, the method may include transmitting a second indication based at least in part on the radio sensing. The operation of 808 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some implementations, the second indication may be transmitted based at least in part on the radio sensing. Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 808 .

[0270] Fig. 9 Flowchart illustrating a method 900 for supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by an apparatus or components thereof as described herein. For example, the method 900 may be implemented by a device or components thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 7 The described network entity 102 and / or UE 104 performs the operations of the method 900. In some implementations, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0271] At 902, the method may include receiving sensing configuration information for radio sensing. The operations of 902 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some embodiments, the Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 902 .

[0272] At 904, the method may include performing radio sensing based on the sensing configuration information. The operations of 904 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the method may include performing radio sensing based on the sensing configuration information. Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 904 .

[0273] Fig.10Flowchart illustrating a method 1000 for supporting a configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by an apparatus or components thereof as described herein. For example, the method 1000 may be implemented by a device or components thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 7 The described network entity 102 and / or UE 104 performs the operations of the method 1000. In some implementations, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0274] At 1002, the method may include transmitting a first indication of one or more characteristic characteristics of one or more objects. The operation of 1002 may be performed according to the examples described herein. In some embodiments, the operation of 1002 may be performed by the method described in reference to Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1002 .

[0275] At 1004, the method may include transmitting one or more reference signals. The operations of 1004 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the reference signals may be transmitted as described in the examples. Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1004 .

[0276] At 1006, the method may include receiving a second indication of a result of radio sensing performed at least in part based on the transmitted one or more reference signals. The operation of 1006 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the operation of 1006 may be performed by a method as described in reference to Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1006 .

[0277] Fig.11 1100 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 for supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1100 may be implemented by an apparatus or components thereof as described herein. For example, the method 1100 may be implemented by a device or components thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 7 The described network entity 102 and / or UE 104 performs the operations of the method 1100. In some implementations, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0278] At 1102, the method may include generating sensing configuration information for radio sensing. The operations of 1102 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1102 .

[0279] At 1104, the method may include transmitting sensing configuration information. The operations of 1104 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1104 .

[0280] Fig.12 1200 is a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 for supporting configuration of radio sensing according to aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by an apparatus or components thereof as described herein. For example, the method 1200 may be implemented by a device or components thereof as described herein. Figures 1 to 7 The described network entity 102 and / or UE 104 performs the operations of the method 1200. In some implementations, a device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the device may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0281] At 1202, the method may include receiving a radio sensing measurement of an environment. The operations of 1202 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the method may be performed as described in reference to Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1202 .

[0282] At 1204, the method may include receiving processing configuration information for generating a processing configuration for radio sensing measurements. The operations of 1204 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some embodiments, the processing configuration may be performed as described in reference to Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1204 .

[0283] At 1206, the method may include extracting sensed information of the environment from the radio sensing measurements and based at least in part on the processing configuration information. The operations of 1206 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the method may be performed as described in reference to Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1206 .

[0284] At 1208, the method may include transmitting a report based on the extracted sensed information of the environment. The operations of 1208 may be performed according to examples as described herein. In some implementations, the Figure 1 The described apparatus performs aspects of the operations of 1208 .

[0285] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0286] The various illustrative blocks and components described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0287] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hard wiring, or a combination of any of these. Features that implement the functions may also be physically located at various locations, including being distributed so that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0288] Computer-readable media include non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Non-transitory storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory media that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.

[0289] Any connection may properly be referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave), then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or DSL, or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) is included in the definition of computer-readable media. Disks and optical discs, as used herein, include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0290] As used herein, including in the claims, "or" as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items beginning with a phrase such as "at least one" or "one or more" or "one or both") indicates an inclusive list, so that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (e.g., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "based at least in part on". In addition, as used herein, including in the claims, a "set" may include one or more elements.

[0291] When referring to a network entity, the terms "transmit," "receive," or "communicate" may refer to any part of a network entity of a RAN (e.g., base station, CU, DU, RU) that communicates with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities).

[0292] The descriptions set forth herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings describe example configurations and do not represent all examples that may be implemented or within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "used as an example, instance, or illustration" and is not "preferred" or "superior to other examples." The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some examples, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0293] The description herein is provided to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to: receiving a first indication of one or more characteristic features of one or more objects; receiving one or more reference signals; performing radio sensing of an environment based at least in part on the one or more reference signals and the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; and A second indication is transmitted based at least in part on the radio sensing.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the one or more characteristic features of the one or more objects include at least one of: Presence information of the one or more objects; location information of the one or more objects; velocity information of the one or more objects; The radar cross section (RCS) of the one or more objects; the type of the one or more objects; at least one of a shape or a posture of the one or more objects; At least one of a composite or a texture of the one or more objects; or A perceived channel state information (CSI) description at a sensing receiver node includes effects of the one or more objects, wherein the perceived CSI description includes at least one of a CSI field or a CSI field segment.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the CSI field comprises at least one of: Delay domain; Angle-azimuth domain; Angle - one or more of the elevation angle or zenith angle domain; One or more of a channel or CSI periodicity map; or Doppler domain.

4. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified in the first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table containing different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first table comprises a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic features and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic features, wherein the first set of characteristic features and the second set of characteristic features include at least one common characteristic.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the apparatus to receive reference signal information of the one or more reference signals, the reference signal information comprising at least one of: one or more of a waveform type or a set of waveform definition parameters of a waveform used to transmit the one or more reference signals; a set of resources over which the one or more reference signals are transmitted according to the waveform; one or more of a transmit beam pattern or a radio pattern via which the one or more reference signals are transmitted; a transmit power used to transmit the one or more reference signals; sequence generation and physical-resource-mapping types for generating the one or more reference signals; or The location of a device that transmits the one or more reference signals.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to cause the apparatus to: receiving sensing configuration information for the radio sensing, the sensing configuration information comprising at least one of: an indication of one or more receive spatial filters to be used for receiving the one or more reference signals; an indication of one or more known attributes of the one or more characteristic features of the environment; or one or more types of outputs to be provided based on the radio sensing; and The radio sensing is performed further based on the sensing configuration information.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to cause the apparatus to: receiving the first indication via a first signaling type; and The sensing configuration information is received via a second different signaling type.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the one or more types of output to be provided based on the radio sensing include at least one of: quantizing one or more of a received reference signal or a compressed reference signal; A channel state information (CSI) measurement obtained from the received reference signal; inference of the existence of said one or more objects; an estimated position of the one or more objects; an estimated velocity of the one or more objects; an estimated radar cross section (RCS) of the one or more objects; an estimation of one or more of the type, shape, composition, or pose of the one or more objects; an indication of a sensed quality of service sensed by the radio; or Its combination.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indexes corresponding to a table containing different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the one or more types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing are indicated via one or more indexes corresponding to different output values ​​of a table containing different types of outputs to be provided based on radio sensing.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the CSI measurement comprises at least one of: CSI domain; one or more of a segment or a margin within the CSI domain; or An operation is to be performed on the CSI measurement within the indication one or more of the segment or margin.

13. An apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to: transmitting a first indication of one or more characteristic properties of one or more objects; transmitting one or more reference signals; and A second indication of a result of radio sensing performed based at least in part on the transmitted one or more reference signals is received.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more characteristic features of the one or more objects include at least one of: Presence information of the one or more objects; location information of the one or more objects; velocity information of the one or more objects; The radar cross section (RCS) of the one or more objects; the type of the one or more objects; at least one of a shape or a posture of the one or more objects; At least one of a composite or a texture of the one or more objects; or A perceived channel state information (CSI) description at a sensing receiver node includes effects of the one or more objects, wherein the perceived CSI description includes at least one of a CSI field or a CSI field segment.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the CSI field comprises at least one of: Delay domain; Angle-azimuth domain; Angle - one or more of the elevation angle or zenith angle domain; One or more of a channel or CSI periodicity map; or Doppler domain.

16. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are identified in the first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a first table containing different predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first table comprises a first index value corresponding to a first set of characteristic features and a second index value corresponding to a second set of characteristic features, wherein the first set of characteristic features and the second set of characteristic features include at least one common characteristic.

18. An apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects are further identified in the first indication via one or more indexes corresponding to a second table containing predefined characteristic values ​​for different characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects.

19. An apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the apparatus to: Radio sensing measurements of the receiving environment; receiving processing configuration information for generating a processing configuration for said radio sensing measurements; extracting sensed information of the environment from the radio sensing measurements and based at least in part on the processing configuration information; and A report is transmitted based on the extracted sensed information of the environment.

20. A processor for wireless communication, comprising: at least one controller coupled to at least one memory and configured to cause the processor to: receiving a first indication of one or more characteristic features of one or more objects; receiving one or more reference signals; performing radio sensing of an environment based at least in part on the one or more reference signals and the one or more characteristic characteristics of the one or more objects; and A second indication is transmitted based at least in part on the radio sensing.

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