Channel state information configuration and reporting in energy savings

Abstract

A base station may transmit a command to a wireless device indicating an energy saving status of the base station. In response to the transmitting the command, the base station may: transmit a synchronization signal block (SSB) during the energy saving state; and stopping transmission of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) during the energy saving state.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 331,470, filed on April 15, 2022, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0003] Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0004] Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary mobile communication network is shown in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0005] Figure 2A and Figure 2B New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol stacks are shown separately.

[0006] Figure 3 Shown in Figure 2A Examples of services provided between the protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0007] Figure 4A Shows the flow Figure 2A Figure 2 shows an exemplary downlink data flow of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0008] Figure 4B An exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown.

[0009] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels for downlink and uplink are shown respectively.

[0010] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing RRC state transition of a UE.

[0011] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown.

[0012] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time and frequency domain of an NR carrier is shown.

[0013] Fig. 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs for NR carriers is shown.

[0014] Fig. 10A Three carrier aggregation configurations with two component carriers are shown.

[0015] Fig. 10B An example of how aggregated cells may be configured into one or more PUCCH groups is shown.

[0016] Fig.11A An example of SS / PBCH block structure and location is shown.

[0017] Fig. 11B An example of CSI-RS mapped in the time and frequency domains is shown.

[0018] Fig. 12A and Fig. 12B Three examples of downlink and uplink beam management procedures are shown respectively.

[0019] Fig.13A , Fig. 13B and Fig. 13C A four-step contention-based random access procedure, a two-step contention-free random access procedure, and another two-step random access procedure are shown respectively.

[0020] Fig.14A An example of a CORESET configuration for the bandwidth portion is shown.

[0021] Fig. 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown.

[0022] Fig.15 An example of a wireless device in communication with a base station is shown.

[0023] Fig.16A , Fig. 16B , Fig. 16C and Fig.16D Exemplary structures for uplink and downlink transmissions are shown.

[0024] Fig.17A , Fig. 17B and Fig. 17C An example of a MAC subheader is shown.

[0025] Fig.18A An example of a DL MAC PDU is shown.

[0026] Fig.18B An example of a UL MAC PDU is shown.

[0027] Fig.19 An example of multiple LCIDs for the downlink is shown.

[0028] Fig. 20 An example of multiple LCIDs for the uplink is shown.

[0029] Fig.21A and Fig.21B An example of the SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE format is shown.

[0030] Fig. 22 An example of BWP activation / deactivation on a cell is shown.

[0031] Fig.23 Examples of various DCI formats are shown.

[0032] Fig.24A An example of a MIB message is shown.

[0033] Fig. 24B An example of the configuration of CORESET 0 is shown.

[0034] Fig.24C An example of the configuration of search space 0 is shown.

[0035] Fig.25 An example of a SIB1 message is shown.

[0036] Fig.26 An example of RRC configuration of BWP, PDCCH and CORESET is shown.

[0037] Fig. 27 An example of RRC configuration of the search space is shown.

[0038] Fig.28 An example of SCell sleep management is shown.

[0039] Fig.29A and Fig.29B An example of power save operation of a wireless device is shown.

[0040] Fig. 30A and Fig. 30B An example of SSSG switching for power conservation of a wireless device is shown.

[0041] Fig.31 An example of PDCCH skipping for power conservation by a wireless device is shown.

[0042] Fig.32 An example of an SSB configuration is shown.

[0043] Fig.33 An example of SSB transmission by a base station is shown.

[0044] Fig.34 An example of SSB transmission by a base station is shown.

[0045] Fig.35 An example of CSI-RS resource configuration is shown.

[0046] Fig.36 An example of RRC configuration of CSI-RS resources and resource sets is shown.

[0047] Fig.37A and Fig.37B An example of CSI-RS resource configuration is shown.

[0048] Fig.38 An example of a CSI-RS resource set is shown.

[0049] Fig.39 An example of RRC configuration for CSI reporting is shown.

[0050] Fig.40 An example of RRC configuration for CSI reporting in a cell is shown.

[0051] Fig.41 Example embodiments of periodic CSI-RS transmission and CSI reporting for energy saving are shown.

[0052] Fig.42 An example embodiment of periodic CSI-RS transmission in energy saving is shown.

[0053] Fig.43A and Fig.43B An example embodiment of periodic CSI-RS transmission in energy saving is shown.

[0054] Fig.44 Example embodiments of periodic CSI-RS transmission and CSI reporting for energy saving are shown.

[0055] Fig.45 Example embodiments of periodic CSI-RS transmission and CSI reporting for energy saving are shown.

[0056] Fig.46 An example embodiment of a search space configuration for energy saving indication for periodic CSI-RS transmission by a base station is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In the present disclosure, various embodiments are presented in the form of examples of how the disclosed technology can be implemented and / or how the disclosed technology can be practiced in environments and scenarios. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention. In fact, after reading the specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art how to implement alternative embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention should not be limited by any described exemplary embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Restrictions, features and / or elements from the disclosed example embodiments can be combined to create additional embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure. Any figure highlighting functionality and advantages is provided for exemplary purposes only. The disclosed architecture is flexible and configurable enough so that it can be utilized in a manner different from that shown. For example, the actions listed in any flow chart can be reordered or only optionally used in certain embodiments.

[0058] Embodiments may be configured to operate as desired. For example, in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment, a network, a combination of the above, etc., when certain criteria are met, the disclosed mechanism may be performed. Exemplary criteria may be based at least in part on, for example, wireless device or network node configuration, traffic load, initial system settings, packet size, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, etc. When one or more criteria are met, various example embodiments may be applied. Therefore, example embodiments that selectively implement the disclosed protocol may be implemented.

[0059] A base station may communicate with a mixture of wireless devices. A wireless device and / or base station may support multiple technologies and / or multiple versions of the same technology. A wireless device may have certain specific capabilities, depending on the wireless device category and / or capabilities. When the present disclosure refers to a base station communicating with multiple wireless devices, the present disclosure may refer to a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area. For example, the present disclosure may refer to multiple wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G version with a given capability and in a given sector of a base station. The multiple wireless devices in the present disclosure may refer to a selected plurality of wireless devices, and / or a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area that perform according to the disclosed methods, etc. There may be multiple base stations or multiple wireless devices in the coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, these wireless devices or base stations may perform based on older versions of LTE or 5G technology.

[0060] In the present disclosure, "a" and "an" and similar phrases will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". Similarly, any term ending with the suffix "(s)" will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". In the present disclosure, the term "may" is interpreted as "may, for example". In other words, the term "may" indicates that the phrase after the term "may" is an example of a suitable possibility among multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more embodiments in various embodiments. As used herein, the terms "including" and "consisting of..." list one or more components of the element being described. The terms "including" and "comprising" are interchangeable and do not exclude that unlisted components are included in the element being described. In contrast, "consisting of..." provides a complete listing of the one or more components of the element being described. As used herein, the term "based on" should be interpreted as "based at least in part on" rather than, for example, "based only on". As used herein, the term "and / or" represents any possible combination of the listed elements. For example, “A, B and / or C” can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C.

[0061] If A and B are sets, and every element of A is also an element of B, then A is called a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, the possible subsets of B = {cell1, cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase "based on" (or equivalently "at least based on") indicates that the phrase after the term "based on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more different embodiments. The phrase "in response to" (or equivalently "at least in response to") indicates that the phrase after the phrase "in response to" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more different embodiments. The phrase "depends on" (or equivalently "at least depends on") indicates that the phrase after the phrase "depends on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more different embodiments. The phrase "adopt / use" (or equivalently "at least adopt / use") indicates that the phrase after the phrase "adopt / use" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more different embodiments.

[0062] The term configured may relate to the capabilities of a device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. "Configured" may also mean a specific setting in a device that affects the operational characteristics of the device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. In other words, hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, etc. may be "configured" within a device to provide specific characteristics to the device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. Terms such as "a control message caused in a device" may mean that the control message has parameters that can be used to configure specific characteristics in the device or parameters that can be used to implement certain actions in the device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state.

[0063] In the present disclosure, a parameter (or equivalently referred to as a field or information element: IE) may include one or more information objects, and an information object may include one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N includes parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M includes parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K includes parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N includes K, and N includes J. In an example embodiment, when one or more messages include multiple parameters, it means that a parameter of the multiple parameters is in at least one of the one or more messages, but not necessarily in each of the one or more messages.

[0064] Many of the features set forth are described as optional, either by the use of "may" or by the use of parentheses. For the sake of brevity and readability, the present disclosure does not explicitly recite every permutation that can be obtained by selecting from the set of optional features. The present disclosure should be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features can be embodied in seven different ways, i.e., having only one of the three possible features, having any two of the three possible features, or having three of the three possible features.

[0065] Many elements described in the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as modules. Modules are defined here as elements that perform defined functions and have defined interfaces to other elements. The modules described in this disclosure can be implemented by hardware, software combined with hardware, firmware, wetware (e.g., hardware with biological elements), or a combination thereof, all of which can be equivalent in behavior. For example, a module can be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language, which is configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab, etc.) or a modeling / simulation program (such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEW MathScript). It is possible to implement a module using physical hardware that incorporates discrete or programmable analog, digital, and / or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware include: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers, and microprocessors are programmed using languages ​​such as assembly, C, C++, etc. FPGAs, ASICs, and CPLDs are often programmed using a hardware description language (HDL), such as VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) or Verilog, which configures the connections between less functional internal hardware blocks on the programmable device. The mentioned techniques are often used in combination to achieve the results of the functional blocks.

[0066] Figure 1A 1 shows an example of a mobile communication network 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 100 may be, for example, a public land mobile network (PLMN) operated by a network operator. Figure 1A As shown, the mobile communication network 100 includes a core network (CN) 102 , a radio access network (RAN) 104 , and wireless devices 106 .

[0067] The CN 102 may provide an interface to one or more data networks (DNs), such as a public DN (e.g., the Internet), a private DN, and / or an intra-carrier DN, for the wireless device 106. As part of the interface functionality, the CN 102 may set up an end-to-end connection between the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the wireless device 106, and provide charging functionality.

[0068] The RAN 104 may connect the CN 102 to the wireless device 106 via radio communications over an air interface. As part of the radio communications, the RAN 104 may provide scheduling, radio resource management, and retransmission protocols. The direction of communication from the RAN 104 to the wireless device 106 over the air interface is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separated from uplink transmissions using frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), and / or some combination of the two duplex technologies.

[0069] The term "wireless device" may be used throughout this disclosure to mean and encompass any mobile or fixed (non-mobile) device that requires or can use wireless communication. For example, a wireless device may be a phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, a laptop, a sensor, a meter, a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a vehicle roadside unit (RSU), a relay node, a car, and / or any combination thereof. The term "wireless device" encompasses other terms including user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), access terminal (AT), mobile station, handset, wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), and / or wireless communication device.

[0070] The RAN 104 may include one or more base stations (not shown). The term "base station" may be used throughout this disclosure to mean and encompass: a Node B (associated with UMTS and / or 3G standards); an evolved Node B (eNB, associated with E-UTRA and / or 4G standards); a remote radio head (RRH); a baseband processing unit coupled to one or more RRHs; a repeater node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of ​​a donor node; a next generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB); a generation Node B (gNB, associated with NR and / or 5G standards); an access point (AP, associated with, for example, WiFi or any other suitable wireless communication standard); and / or any combination thereof. A base station may include at least one gNB central unit (gNB-CU) and at least one gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU).

[0071] The base stations included in the RAN 104 may include one or more sets of antennas for communicating with the wireless devices 106 over the air interface. For example, one or more of the base stations may include three sets of antennas to control three cells (or sectors) respectively. The size of the cell may be determined by the range at which a receiver (e.g., a base station receiver) can successfully receive transmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter) operating in the cell. The cells of the base stations may together provide radio coverage to the wireless devices 106 over a wide geographic area to support wireless device mobility.

[0072] In addition to three-sector sites, other implementations of the base station are possible. For example, one or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as a sectorized site with more or less than three sectors. One or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, a baseband processing unit coupled to several remote radio heads (RRHs), and / or a repeater or relay node for extending the coverage area of ​​a donor node. The baseband processing unit coupled to the RRH may be part of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, where the baseband processing unit may be centralized in a baseband processing unit pool or virtualized. The repeater node may amplify and rebroadcast the radio signal received from the donor node. The relay node may perform the same / similar functions as the repeater node, but may decode the radio signal received from the donor node to eliminate noise before amplifying and rebroadcasting the radio signal.

[0073] The RAN 104 may be deployed as a homogeneous network of macrocell base stations with similar antenna patterns and similar high levels of transmit power. The RAN 104 may be deployed as a heterogeneous network. In a heterogeneous network, a small cell base station may be used to provide a small coverage area, such as a coverage area that overlaps with a relatively larger coverage area provided by a macrocell base station. Small coverage areas may be provided in areas with high data traffic (or so-called "hot spots") or in areas where macrocell coverage is weak. Examples of small cell base stations include, in descending order of coverage area: microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocell base stations or home base stations.

[0074] The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was established in 1998 to Figure 1A 3GPP provides global specification standardization for mobile communication networks similar to the mobile communication network 100 in the present invention. To date, 3GPP has developed specifications for three generations of mobile networks: the third generation (3G) network known as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), the fourth generation (4G) network known as the Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the fifth generation (5G) network known as the 5G System (5GS). The embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the RAN of the 3GPP 5G network known as the Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN). These embodiments may be applicable to the RAN of other mobile communication networks, such as Figure 1A The RAN 104 in 5G networks, the RAN of early 3G and 4G networks, and those of yet-to-be-specified future networks (e.g., 3GPP 6G networks). The NG-RAN implements the 5G radio access technology known as New Radio (NR) and may be configured to implement 4G radio access technology or other radio access technologies, including non-3GPP radio access technologies.

[0075] Figure 1B1 shows another exemplary mobile communication network 150 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 150 may be, for example, a PLMN operated by a network operator. Figure 1B As shown in FIG. 1 , the mobile communication network 150 includes a 5G core network (5G-CN) 152, an NG-RAN 154, and UEs 156A and 156B (collectively referred to as UE 156). Figure 1A The corresponding components described are implemented and operate in the same or similar manner.

[0076] 5G-CN 152 provides an interface to one or more DNs, such as a public DN (e.g., the Internet), a private DN, and / or an operator's internal DN, to UE 156. As part of the interface function, 5G-CN 152 may set up an end-to-end connection between UE 156 and the one or more DNs, authenticate UE 156, and provide charging functions. Compared to the CN of the 3GPP 4G network, the basis of 5G-CN152 may be a service-based architecture. This means that the architecture of the nodes constituting 5G-CN 152 may be defined as network functions that provide services to other network functions via interfaces. The network functions of 5G-CN 152 may be implemented in several ways, including as a network element on dedicated or shared hardware, as a software example running on dedicated or shared hardware, or as a virtualized function instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

[0077] like Figure 1B As shown, 5G-CN 152 includes an access and mobility management function (AMF) 158A and a user plane function (UPF) 158B. For ease of explanation, Figure 1B In the figure, they are shown as one component AMF / UPF 158. UPF 158B can act as a gateway between NG-RAN 154 and the one or more DNs. UPF 158B can perform functions such as: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane policy rule enforcement, service usage reporting, uplink classification supporting routing of service flows to the one or more DNs, user plane quality of service (QoS) processing (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink / downlink rate enforcement and uplink service verification), downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering. UPF 158B can act as an anchor point for intra / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, an external protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point interconnected with the one or more DNs, and / or a fulcrum for supporting multi-host PDU sessions. UE 156 can be configured to receive services through a PDU session, which is a logical connection between the UE and the DN.

[0078] The AMF 158A may perform functions such as: non-access stratum (NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, access stratum (AS) security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmissions), registration area management, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, access authentication, access authorization including roaming rights verification, mobility management control (subscription and policy), network slicing support and / or session management function (SMF) selection. NAS may refer to functions operating between the CN and the UE, and AS may refer to functions operating between the UE and the RAN.

[0079] 5G-CN 152 may include Figure 1B , one or more additional network functions shown in . For example, 5G-CN 152 may include one or more of the following: session management function (SMF), NR repository function (NRF), policy control function (PCF), network exposure function (NEF), unified data management (UDM), application function (AF) and / or authentication server function (AUSF).

[0080] The NG-RAN 154 may connect the 5G-CN 152 to the UE 156 via radio communications over an air interface. The NG-RAN 154 may include: one or more gNBs, shown as gNB 160A and gNB 160B (collectively referred to as gNB 160); and / or one or more ng-eNBs, shown as ng-eNB 162A and ng-eNB 162B (collectively referred to as ng-eNB 162). The gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may be more generally referred to as base stations. The gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may include one or more groups of antennas for communicating with the UE 156 over an air interface. For example, one or more gNBs in the gNB 160 and / or one or more ng-eNBs in the ng-eNB 162 may include three groups of antennas to control three cells (or sectors), respectively. The cells of gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may together provide radio coverage to UE 156 over a wide geographic area to support UE mobility.

[0081] like Figure 1BAs shown in FIG, gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to 5G-CN 152 via an NG interface and to other base stations via an Xn interface. The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using a direct physical connection and / or an indirect connection through an underlying transport network such as an Internet Protocol (IP) transport network. gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, Figure 1B As shown in FIG. 1 , gNB 160A may be connected to UE 156A via a Uu interface. NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with a protocol stack. The protocol stack associated with the interface may be composed of Figure 1B The network elements in a network are used to exchange data and signaling messages and may include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane may process data that the user is interested in. The control plane may process signaling messages that the network elements are interested in.

[0082] The gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to one or more AMF / UPF functions of the 5G-CN 152, such as the AMF / UPF 158, by means of one or more NG interfaces. For example, the gNB 160A may be connected to the UPF 158B of the AMF / UPF 158 by means of a NG user plane (NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide delivery of user plane PDUs (e.g., non-guaranteed delivery) between the gNB 160A and the UPF 158B. The gNB 160A may be connected to the AMF 158A by means of a NG control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide, for example, NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, delivery of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, and configuration delivery and / or warning message transmission.

[0083] The gNB 160 may provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations to the UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, the gNB 160A may provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations to the UE 156A via a Uu interface associated with the first protocol stack. The ng-eNB 162 may provide Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations to the UE 156 via a Uu interface, where E-UTRA refers to a 3GPP 4G radio access technology. For example, the ng-eNB 162B may provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations to the UE 156B via a Uu interface associated with the second protocol stack.

[0084] 5G-CN 152 is described as being configured to handle both NR and 4G radio access. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that it is possible for NR to be connected to a 4G core network in a mode known as "non-standalone operation". In non-standalone operation, the 4G core network is used to provide (or at least support) control plane functions (e.g., initial access, mobility, and paging). Although Figure 1B Only one AMF / UPF 158 is shown in the figure, but a gNB or ng-eNB can be connected to multiple AMF / UPF nodes to provide redundancy and / or load sharing across the multiple AMF / UPF nodes.

[0085] As discussed, Figure 1B The interfaces between network elements in a network (e.g., Uu, Xn, and NG interfaces) may be associated with a protocol stack used by the network elements to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stack may include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane may process data of interest to the user, while the control plane may process signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

[0086] Figure 2A and Figure 2B Examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks for the Uu interface between UE 210 and gNB 220 are shown respectively. Figure 2A and Figure 2B The protocol stack shown in can be used with e.g. Figure 1B The protocol stacks of the Uu interface between UE156A and gNB 160A shown in are the same or similar.

[0087] Figure 2A An NR user plane protocol stack including five layers implemented in a UE 210 and a gNB 220 is shown. At the bottom of the protocol stack, a physical layer (PHY) 211 and 221 may provide transport services to higher layers of the protocol stack and may correspond to layer 1 of the open system interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above the PHY 211 and 221 include a medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, a radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, a packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and a service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols may constitute layer 2 or the data link layer of the OSI model.

[0088] Figure 3 An example of services provided between protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2A and Figure 3Starting from the top of , SDAP 215 and 225 can perform QoS flow processing. UE 210 can receive services through a PDU session, which can be a logical connection between UE 210 and DN. PDU session can have one or more QoS flows. The UPF of CN (e.g., UPF 158B) can map IP packets to the one or more QoS flows of the PDU session based on QoS requirements (e.g., in terms of delay, data rate and / or error rate). SDAP 215 and 225 can perform mapping / demapping between the one or more QoS flows and one or more data radio bearers. The mapping / demapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers can be determined by SDAP 225 at gNB 220. SDAP 215 at UE 210 can learn the mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers through reflective mapping or control signaling received from gNB 220. For reflective mapping, the SDAP 225 at the gNB 220 may mark downlink packets with a QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may be observed by the SDAP 215 at the UE 210 to determine the mapping / demapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers.

[0089] The PDCP 214 and 224 may perform header compression / decompression to reduce the amount of data that needs to be transmitted over the air interface, may perform encryption / decryption to prevent unauthorized decoding of data transmitted over the air interface, and may perform integrity protection to ensure that control messages originate from the intended source. The PDCP 214 and 224 may perform retransmission of undelivered packets, in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and removal of duplicate received packets due to, for example, intra-gNB handovers. The PDCP 214 and 224 may perform packet repetition to increase the likelihood that a packet is received, and remove any duplicate packets at the receiver. Packet repetition may be applicable to services that require high reliability.

[0090] although Figure 3 Not shown, but PDCP 214 and 224 can perform mapping / de-mapping between split radio bearers and RLC channels in a dual connectivity scenario. Dual connectivity is a technology that allows a UE to connect to two cells or more generally to two cell groups: a primary cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). A split bearer is a split bearer when a single radio bearer (such as one of the radio bearers provided by PDCP 214 and 224 as a service to SDAP 215 and 225) is handled by a cell group in dual connectivity. PDCP 214 and 224 can map / demapped split radio bearers between RLC channels belonging to a cell group.

[0091] RLC 213 and 223 can perform segmentation, retransmission through automatic repeat request (ARQ), and removal of duplicate data units received from MAC 212 and 222, respectively. RLC 213 and 223 can support three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM). Based on the transmission mode in which the RLC is operating, the RLC can perform one or more of the functions described. RLC configuration can be based on each logical channel, independent of parameter sets and / or transmission time interval (TTI) duration. As shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , RLC 213 and 223 may provide RLC channels as services to PDCP 214 and 224, respectively.

[0092] The MAC 212 and 222 may perform multiplexing / demultiplexing of logical channels and / or mapping between logical channels and transport channels. The multiplexing / demultiplexing may include multiplexing / demultiplexing data units belonging to the one or more logical channels into / from a transport block (TB) delivered to / from the PHY 211 and 221. The MAC 222 may be configured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting, and priority handling between UEs with the aid of dynamic scheduling. Scheduling may be performed in the gNB 220 (at the MAC 222) for downlink and uplink. The MAC 212 and 222 may be configured to perform error correction by hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier in the case of carrier aggregation (CA)), priority handling between logical channels of the UE 210 with the aid of logical channel prioritization, and / or padding. The MAC 212 and 222 may support one or more parameter sets and / or transmission timing. In an example, mapping restrictions in logical channel prioritization may control which parameter sets and / or transmission timings a logical channel may use. Figure 3 As shown, MAC 212 and 222 may provide logical channels as services to RLC 213 and 223 .

[0093] PHY 211 and 221 can perform mapping of transport channels to physical channels and digital and analog signal processing functions for sending and receiving information over the air interface. These digital and analog signal processing functions may include, for example, encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. PHY 211 and 221 can perform multi-antenna mapping. Figure 3 As shown in , PHY 211 and 221 may provide one or more transport channels as a service to MAC 212 and 222 .

[0094] Figure 4A An exemplary downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 4AThe downlink data flow of three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack to generate two TBs at the gNB 220 is shown. The uplink data flow flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack can be the same as Figure 4A The downlink data flow is similar to that depicted in .

[0095] Figure 4A The downlink data flow of starts when SDAP 225 receives three IP packets from one or more QoS flows and maps the three packets to a radio bearer. Figure 4A In the SDAP header (in Figure 4A The data unit from / to a higher protocol layer is called a service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer, and the data unit to / from a lower protocol layer is called a protocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. Figure 4A As shown in , the data unit from SDAP 225 is the SDU of the lower protocol layer PDCP 224 and is the PDU of SDAP 225.

[0096] Figure 4A The remaining protocol layers in can perform their associated functions (e.g., Figure 3 ), add the corresponding headers, and forward their corresponding outputs to the next lower layer. For example, PDCP 224 may perform IP header compression and encryption, and forward its output to RLC 223. RLC 223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., Figure 4A 222) and forwards its output to MAC 222. MAC 222 may multiplex many RLC PDUs and may attach MAC subheaders to the RLC PDUs to form a transport block. In NR, MAC subheaders may be distributed throughout the MAC PDU, as shown in FIG. Figure 4A In LTE, the MAC subheader can be located entirely at the beginning of the MAC PDU. The NR MAC PDU structure can reduce processing time and associated latency because the MAC PDU subheader can be calculated before assembling the complete MAC PDU.

[0097] Figure 4BAn exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown. The MAC subheader includes: an SDU length field for indicating the length (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheader corresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field for identifying the logical channel from which the MAC SDU originates to assist in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) for indicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R) field for future use.

[0098] Figure 4B Further shown is a MAC Control Element (CE) inserted into the MAC PDU by a MAC (such as MAC 223 or MAC 222). For example, Figure 4B Two MAC CEs are shown inserted into the MAC PDU. Figure 4B ) and inserting a MAC CE at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmission. MAC CE may be used for in-band control signaling. Example MAC CEs include: scheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status reports and power headroom reports; activation / deactivation MAC CEs, such as those used for PDCP duplicate detection, channel state information (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and activation / deactivation of previously configured components; discontinuous reception (DRX)-related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access-related MAC CEs. A MAC subheader having a format similar to that described for a MAC SDU may be present before the MAC CE, and the MAC CE may be identified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates the type of control information included in the MAC CE.

[0099] Before describing the NR control plane protocol stack, the mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels and channel types is first described. One or more of these channels can be used to perform functions associated with the NR control plane protocol stack described later below.

[0100] Figure 5A and Figure 5BThe mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels is shown for downlink and uplink respectively. Information is passed through channels between RLC, MAC and PHY of the NR protocol stack. Logical channels can be used between RLC and MAC and can be classified as control channels that carry control and configuration information in the NR control plane, or as traffic channels that carry data in the NR user plane. Logical channels can be classified as dedicated logical channels dedicated to a specific UE, or as common logical channels that can be used by more than one UE. Logical channels can also be defined by the type of information they carry. The set of logical channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0101] - Paging Control Channel (PCCH), which is used to carry paging messages used to page UEs whose location is unknown to the network at the cell level;

[0102] - Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), which is used to carry system information messages in the form of a Master Information Block (MIB) and several System Information Blocks (SIBs), which can be used by UEs to obtain information about how a cell is configured and how it operates within the cell;

[0103] - Common Control Channel (CCCH), which is used to carry control messages and random access;

[0104] - a dedicated control channel (DCCH) used to carry control messages to / from a specific UE to configure the UE; and

[0105] - Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH), which is used to carry user data to / from a specific UE.

[0106] Transport channels are used between the MAC layer and the PHY layer and can be defined by how the information they carry is transmitted over the air interface. The set of transport channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0107] - Paging Channel (PCH), which is used to carry paging messages originating from PCCH;

[0108] - Broadcast Channel (BCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCCH;

[0109] - Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages, including SIBs from BCCH;

[0110] - Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages; and

[0111] - Random Access Channel (RACH), which is used to allow a UE to contact the network without any previous scheduling.

[0112] The PHY may use physical channels to pass information between processing levels of the PHY. A physical channel may have a set of associated time-frequency resources for carrying information of one or more transport channels. The PHY may generate control information to support low-level operation of the PHY and provide control information to lower levels of the PHY via physical control channels (referred to as L1 / L2 control channels). The set of physical channels and physical control channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0113] - Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCH;

[0114] - Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages from DL-SCH and paging messages from PCH;

[0115] - Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which is used to carry downlink control information (DCI), which may include downlink scheduling commands, uplink scheduling grants, and uplink power control commands;

[0116] - Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages from the UL-SCH, and in some cases uplink control information (UCI) as described below;

[0117] - Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), which is used to carry UCI, which may include HARQ acknowledgment, channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI) and scheduling request (SR); and

[0118] - Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is used for random access.

[0119] Similar to the physical control channel, the physical layer generates physical signals to support the lower-level operations of the physical layer. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown in , the physical layer signals defined by NR include: primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signal (DMRS), sounding reference signal (SRS) and phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS). These physical layer signals will be described in more detail below.

[0120] Figure 2B An exemplary NR control plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2BAs shown in , the NR control plane protocol stack may use the same / similar first four protocol layers as the exemplary NR user plane protocol stack. These four protocol layers include PHY 211 and 221, MAC 212 and 222, RLC 213 and 223, and PDCP 214 and 224. Instead of having SDAP 215 and 225 at the top of the stack as in the NR user plane protocol stack, the NR control plane protocol stack instead has radio resource control (RRC) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217 and 237 at the top of the NR control plane protocol stack.

[0121] The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functions between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., AMF 158A) or more generally between the UE 210 and the CN. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functions between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages referred to as NAS messages. There is no direct path between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 through which NAS messages may be transmitted. NAS messages may be transmitted using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functions such as authentication, security, connection setup, mobility management, and session management.

[0122] The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functions between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 or more generally between the UE 210 and the RAN. The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functions between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 via signaling messages referred to as RRC messages. The RRC messages may be transported between the UE 210 and the RAN using signaling radio bearers and the same / similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. The MAC may multiplex control plane and user plane data into the same transport block (TB). The RRC 216 and 226 may provide control plane functions such as: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by CN or RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of an RRC connection between UE 210 and RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and release of signaling radio bearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS management functions; UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting; detection of radio link failure (RLF) and recovery from radio link failure; and / or NAS messaging. As part of establishing an RRC connection, the RRC 216 and 226 may establish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters for communication between the UE 210 and the RAN.

[0123] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing the RRC state transition of the UE. The UE can Figure 1A The wireless device 106 depicted in Figure 2A and Figure 2B The UE 210 depicted in FIG. 1 and any other wireless device described in the present disclosure may be the same or similar. Figure 6 As shown in , the UE may be in at least one of three RRC states: RRC connected 602 (eg, RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 604 (eg, RRC_IDLE), and RRC inactive 606 (eg, RRC_INACTIVE).

[0124] In RRC connection 602, the UE has an established RRC context and may have at least one RRC connection with a base station. The base station may be similar to one of the following: Figure 1A The one or more base stations included in the RAN 104 depicted in FIG. Figure 1B One of the gNB 160 or ng-eNB 162 depicted in ; Figure 2A and Figure 2B ; or any other base station described in the present disclosure. A base station connected to a UE may have an RRC context for the UE. The RRC context, referred to as the UE context, may include parameters for communication between the UE and the base station. These parameters may include, for example: one or more AS contexts; one or more radio link configuration parameters; bearer configuration information (e.g., involving data radio bearers, signaling radio bearers, logical channels, QoS flows, and / or PDU sessions); security information; and / or PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and / or SDAP layer configuration information. While in RRC connection 602, the mobility of the UE may be managed by a RAN (e.g., RAN 104 or NG-RAN 154). The UE may measure signal levels (e.g., reference signal levels) from a serving cell and neighboring cells and report these measurements to a base station currently serving the UE. The UE's serving base station may request handover to a cell of one of the neighboring base stations based on the reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from RRC connected 602 to RRC idle 604 via a connection release procedure 608 , or to RRC inactive 606 via a connection deactivation procedure 610 .

[0125] In RRC idle 604, an RRC context may not be established for the UE. In RRC idle 604, the UE may not have an RRC connection with a base station. When in RRC idle 604, the UE may be in a sleep state for most of the time (e.g., to save battery power). The UE may wake up periodically (e.g., once in each discontinuous reception cycle) to monitor paging messages from the RAN. The mobility of the UE may be managed by the UE through a procedure known as cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602 through a connection establishment procedure 612, which may involve a random access procedure, as discussed in more detail below.

[0126] In RRC inactive 606, the previously established RRC context is maintained in the UE and the base station. This allows a quick transition to RRC connected 602 with reduced signaling overhead compared to the transition from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602. When in RRC inactive 606, the UE may be in a sleep state, and the mobility of the UE may be managed by the UE through cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC inactive 606 to RRC connected 602 through a connection recovery procedure 614, or to RRC idle 604 through a connection release procedure 616, which may be the same or similar to the connection release procedure 608.

[0127] The RRC state may be associated with a mobility management mechanism. In RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606, mobility is managed by the UE through cell reselection. The purpose of mobility management in RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 is to allow the network to notify the UE of an event via a paging message without broadcasting the paging message over the entire mobile communication network. The mobility management mechanism used in RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 may allow the network to track the UE at a cell group level, so that the paging message may be broadcast over a cell in the cell group in which the UE currently resides instead of over the entire mobile communication network. The mobility management mechanism used for RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 tracks the UE at a cell group level. These mobility management mechanisms may do so using groups of different granularities. For example, there may be three levels of cell grouping granularity: a single cell; a cell within a RAN area identified by a RAN area identifier (RAI); and a cell within a group of RAN areas referred to as tracking areas and identified by a tracking area identifier (TAI).

[0128] Tracking areas may be used to track UEs at the CN level. A CN (e.g., CN 102 or 5G-CN 152) may provide a list of TAIs associated with UE registration areas to a UE. If a UE moves through cell reselection to a cell associated with a TAI that is not included in the list of TAIs associated with a UE registration area, the UE may perform a registration update with the CN to allow the CN to update the UE's location and provide the UE with a new UE registration area.

[0129] The RAN area may be used to track the UE at the RAN level. For a UE in the RRC inactive 606 state, a RAN notification area may be assigned to the UE. The RAN notification area may include one or more cell identities, a list of RAIs, or a list of TAIs. In an example, a base station may belong to one or more RAN notification areas. In an example, a cell may belong to one or more RAN notification areas. If the UE moves to a cell not included in the RAN notification area assigned to the UE through cell reselection, the UE may perform a notification area update on the RAN to update the RAN notification area of ​​the UE.

[0130] The base station storing the RRC context for the UE or the last serving base station of the UE may be referred to as the anchor base station. The anchor base station may maintain the RRC context for the UE at least during the period of time that the UE remains in the RAN notification area of ​​the anchor base station and / or during the period of time that the UE remains in RRC inactivity 606.

[0131] gNBs, such as Figure 1B The gNB 160 in the embodiment of the present invention can be divided into two parts: a central unit (gNB-CU) and one or more distributed units (gNB-DU). The gNB-CU can be coupled to one or more gNB-DUs using the F1 interface. The gNB-CU may include RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The gNB-DU may include RLC, MAC, and PHY.

[0132] In NR, physical signals and physical channels (about Figure 5A and Figure 5BDiscussed) can be mapped onto orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. OFDM is a multi-carrier communication scheme that transmits data through F orthogonal subcarriers (or tones). Before transmission, the data can be mapped to a series of complex symbols called source symbols (e.g., M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shift keying (M-PSK) symbols) and divided into F parallel symbol streams. The F parallel symbol streams can be treated as if they are in the frequency domain and used as input to the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block that transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block can take F source symbols at a time (one source symbol from each of the F parallel symbol streams), and use each source symbol to modulate the amplitude and phase of one of the F sinusoidal basis functions corresponding to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT block can be F time domain samples representing the sum of the F orthogonal subcarriers. The F time domain samples can form a single OFDM symbol. After some processing (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix) and up-conversion, the OFDM symbols provided by the IFFT block can be transmitted over the air interface at the carrier frequency. The F parallel symbol streams can be mixed using the FFT block before being processed by the IFFT block. This operation produces a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoded OFDM symbol and can be used by the UE in the uplink to reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR). The FFT block can be used to perform inverse processing on the OFDM symbol at the receiver to restore the data mapped to the source symbol.

[0133] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown. An NR frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN). The SFN may be repeated with a period of 1024 frames. As shown, a NR frame may have a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms) and may include 10 subframes of duration 1 ms. A subframe may be divided into time slots that include, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per time slot.

[0134] The duration of a time slot may depend on the parameter set of the OFDM symbol used for the time slot. In NR, flexible parameter sets are supported to accommodate different cell deployments (e.g., cells with carrier frequencies below 1 GHz, up to cells with carrier frequencies in the mm-wave range). Parameter sets may be defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration. For parameter sets in NR, the subcarrier spacing may be scaled up by powers of two from a baseline subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the cyclic prefix duration may be scaled down by powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs. For example, NR defines parameter sets with the following subcarrier spacing / cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz / 4.7 μs; 30 kHz / 2.3 μs; 60 kHz / 1.2 μs; 120 kHz / 0.59 μs; and 240 kHz / 0.29 μs.

[0135] A slot may have a fixed number of OFDM symbols (eg, 14 OFDM symbols). Parameter sets with higher subcarrier spacing have shorter slot durations and correspondingly more slots per subframe. Figure 7 The transmission structure of the time slot duration and each subframe time slot associated with the parameter set is shown (for ease of explanation, Figure 7 Parameter sets with subcarrier spacing of 240kHz are not shown in Figure 1). Subframes in NR can be used as a time reference independent of the parameter set, while slots can be used as the unit for scheduling uplink and downlink transmissions. To support low latency, scheduling in NR can be decoupled from the slot duration and start at any OFDM symbol and continue to transmit as many symbols as needed. These partial slot transmissions can be called mini-slots or sub-slot transmissions.

[0136] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of a time slot in the time and frequency domain of an NR carrier is shown. The time slot includes a resource element (RE) and a resource block (RB). RE is the smallest physical resource in NR. RE spans one OFDM symbol in the time domain through one subcarrier in the frequency domain, such as Figure 8 As shown in Figure 1. RB spans twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, as Figure 8 As shown. The NR carrier can be limited to a width of 275RB or 275×12=3300 subcarriers. If this restriction is used, the NR carrier can be limited to 50MHz, 100MHz, 200MHz and 400MHz for subcarrier spacings of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz and 120kHz, respectively, where the 400MHz bandwidth can be set based on the 400MHz bandwidth limit per carrier.

[0137] Figure 8A single parameter set is shown used across the entire bandwidth of the NR carrier. In other example configurations, multiple parameter sets may be supported on the same carrier.

[0138] NR may support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., up to 400 MHz for a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz). Not all UEs may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due to hardware limitations). Moreover, receiving the full carrier bandwidth may be prohibitive in terms of UE power consumption. In an example, to reduce power consumption and / or for other purposes, the UE may adapt the size of the UE's receive bandwidth based on the amount of traffic the UE plans to receive. This is referred to as bandwidth adaptation.

[0139] NR defines bandwidth parts (BWPs) to support UEs that cannot receive the full carrier bandwidth and supports bandwidth adaptation. In an example, a BWP may be defined by a subset of contiguous RBs on a carrier. The UE may be configured (e.g., via the RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs and one or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). At a given time, one or more of the configured BWPs for the serving cell may be active. The one or more BWPs may be referred to as active BWPs of the serving cell. When a serving cell is configured with a secondary uplink carrier, the serving cell may have one or more first active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second active BWPs in the secondary uplink carrier.

[0140] For unpaired spectrum, a downlink BWP from a set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked with an uplink BWP from a set of configured uplink BWPs if the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP is the same as the uplink BWP index of the uplink BWP. For unpaired spectrum, the UE may expect the center frequency of the downlink BWP to be the same as the center frequency of the uplink BWP.

[0141] For a downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs on a primary cell (PCell), the base station may configure a UE with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. A search space is a set of locations in the time and frequency domain where a UE can look for control information. A search space may be a UE-specific search space or a common search space (potentially usable by multiple UEs). For example, a base station may configure a common search space for a UE on a PCell or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) in an active downlink BWP.

[0142] For an uplink BWP in the set of configured uplink BWPs, the BS may configure one or more resource sets for one or more PUCCH transmissions for the UE. The UE may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in the downlink BWP according to the configured parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration) for the downlink BWP. The UE may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in the uplink BWP according to the configured parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix length of the uplink BWP).

[0143] One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided in downlink control information (DCI). The value of the BWP indicator field may indicate which BWP in a set of configured BWPs is the active downlink BWP for one or more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicator fields may indicate the active uplink BWP for one or more uplink transmissions.

[0144] The base station may semi-statically configure a default downlink BWP for the UE within the set of configured downlink BWPs associated with the PCell. If the base station does not provide a default downlink BWP to the UE, the default downlink BWP may be the initial active downlink BWP. The UE may determine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP based on the CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

[0145] The base station may configure the BWP inactivity timer value for the PCell for the UE. The UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer at any appropriate time. For example, the UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer in the following circumstances: (a) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP other than the default downlink BWP for paired spectrum operation; or (b) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP or an active uplink BWP other than the default downlink BWP or uplink BWP for unpaired spectrum operation. If the UE does not detect the DCI within a time interval (e.g., 1 ms or 0.5 ms), the UE may run the BWP inactivity timer towards expiration (e.g., an increment from zero to the BWP inactivity timer value, or a decrement from the BWP inactivity timer value to zero). When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the UE may switch from the active downlink BWP to the default downlink BWP.

[0146] In an example, the base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more BWPs. The UE may switch the active BWP from the first BWP to the second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating that the second BWP is the active BWP and / or in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., when the second BWP is the default BWP).

[0147] Downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed independently in paired spectrum (where BWP switching refers to switching from a currently active BWP to a non-currently active BWP). In unpaired spectrum, downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs can occur based on RRC signaling, DCI, expiration of a BWP inactivity timer, and / or initiation of random access.

[0148] Fig. 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs of an NR carrier is shown. A UE configured with the three BWPs can switch from one BWP to another at a switching point. Fig. 9 In the example shown, the BWPs include: BWP 902, which has a bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP 904, which has a bandwidth of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and BWP 906, which has a bandwidth of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. BWP 902 may be the initial active BWP, and BWP 904 may be the default BWP. The UE may switch between BWPs at a switching point. Fig. 9 904. In the example of FIG. 906, the UE may switch from BWP 902 to BWP 904 at switch point 908. The switch at switch point 908 may occur for any suitable reason, such as in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (indicating a switch to a default BWP) and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is an active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 906 at switch point 910 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 906 is an active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 906 to BWP 904 at switch point 912 in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is an active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 902 at switch point 914 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 902 is an active BWP.

[0149] If the UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default downlink BWP and timer values ​​from the set of configured downlink BWPs, the UE procedures for switching the BWP on the secondary cell may be the same / similar to those on the primary cell. For example, the UE may use the timer values ​​and default downlink BWP for the secondary cell in the same / similar manner as the UE would use these values ​​for the primary cell.

[0150] To provide higher data rates, two or more carriers may be aggregated and transmitted to / from the same UE simultaneously using carrier aggregation (CA). The aggregated carriers in CA may be referred to as component carriers (CC). When CA is used, there are many serving cells for the UE, one serving cell per CC. CCs may have three configurations in the frequency domain.

[0151] Fig. 10A Three CA configurations with two CCs are shown. In the intra-band contiguous configuration 1002, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are located directly adjacent to each other in the frequency band. In the intra-band non-contiguous configuration 1004, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are separated by a gap in the frequency band. In the inter-band configuration 1006, the two CCs are located in the frequency bands (Band A and Band B).

[0152] In an example, up to 32 CCs may be aggregated. Aggregated CCs may have the same or different bandwidths, subcarrier spacings, and / or duplex schemes (TDD or FDD). A serving cell for a UE using CA may have a downlink CC. For FDD, one or more uplink CCs may optionally be configured for the serving cell. For example, the ability to aggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers may be useful when the UE has more data traffic in the downlink than in the uplink.

[0153] When CA is used, one of the aggregated cells for the UE may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell). The PCell may be a serving cell to which the UE initially connects at RRC connection establishment, reestablishment and / or handover. The PCell may provide NAS mobility information and security input to the UE. The UE may have different PCells. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as a downlink primary CC (DL PCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as an uplink primary CC (UL PCC). Other aggregated cells for the UE may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells). In an example, the SCell may be configured after the PCell is configured for the UE. For example, the SCell may be configured via an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as a downlink secondary CC (DL SCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as an uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0154] The configured SCell for a UE can be activated and deactivated based on, for example, traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of an SCell can mean stopping PDCCH and PDSCH reception on the SCell, and stopping PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmission on the SCell. Figure 4B The MAC CE may be used to activate and deactivate the configured SCells. For example, the MAC CE may use a bitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., in a subset of configured SCells) are activated or deactivated for the UE. The configured SCells may be deactivated in response to the expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., one SCell deactivation timer per SCell).

[0155] The downlink control information of a cell (such as scheduling assignments and scheduling grants) can be transmitted on the cell corresponding to the assignment and grant, which is called self-scheduling. The DCI of a cell can be transmitted on another cell, which is called cross-carrier scheduling. Uplink control information for aggregated cells (e.g., HARQ confirmation and channel state feedback, such as CQI, PMI and / or RI) can be transmitted on the PUCCH of the PCell. For a large number of aggregated downlink CCs, the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. The cell can be divided into multiple PUCCH groups.

[0156] Fig. 10B An example of how aggregated cells can be configured into one or more PUCCH groups is shown. PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050 may include one or more downlink CCs, respectively. Fig. 10B, PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1011, SCell 1012, and SCell 1013. PUCCH group 1050 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1051, SCell 1052, and SCell 1053 in this example. One or more uplink CCs may be configured as PCell 1021, SCell 1022, and SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs may be configured as primary Scell ​​(PSCell) 1061, SCell 1062, and SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1010 (shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033) may be transmitted in the uplink of PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1050 (shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073) may be transmitted in the uplink of PSCell 1061. In the example, if Fig. 10B If the aggregated cell depicted in FIG. 1 is not divided into PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050, a single uplink PCell transmits UCI associated with a downlink CC, and the PCell may become overloaded. By dividing the transmission of UCI between PCell 1021 and PSCell 1061, overload can be prevented.

[0157] A physical cell ID and a cell index may be assigned to a cell comprising a downlink carrier and an optional uplink carrier. The physical cell ID or cell index may identify a downlink carrier and / or an uplink carrier of a cell, for example, depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. The physical cell ID may be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink component carrier. The cell index may be determined using an RRC message. In the present disclosure, the physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, and the cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. For example, when the present disclosure relates to a first physical cell ID of a first downlink carrier, the present disclosure may mean that the first physical cell ID is used for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same / similar concepts may apply, for example, to carrier activation. When the present disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, the present specification may mean that a cell comprising the first carrier is activated.

[0158] In CA, the multi-carrier nature of the PHY can be exposed to the MAC. In an example, the HARQ entity can operate on the serving cell. A transport block can be generated based on the assignment / grant of each serving cell. A transport block and potential HARQ retransmissions of the transport block can be mapped to a serving cell.

[0159] In the downlink, the base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast and / or broadcast) one or more reference signals (RS) to the UE (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS and / or PT-RS, such as Figure 5A In the uplink, the UE may transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, and / or SRS, as shown in FIG. Figure 5B ). The PSS and SSS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to synchronize the UE with the base station. The PSS and SSS may be provided in a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block that includes the PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The base station may periodically transmit bursts of SS / PBCH blocks.

[0160] Fig.11A An example of the structure and location of SS / PBCH blocks is shown. A burst of SS / PBCH blocks may include one or more SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., 4 SS / PBCH blocks, such as Fig.11A As shown). Bursts may be transmitted periodically (e.g., every 2 frames or 20 ms). Bursts may be limited to half a frame (e.g., the first half frame with a duration of 5 ms). It should be understood that Fig.11A are examples, and these parameters (number of SS / PBCH blocks per burst, periodicity of bursts, burst position within a frame) may be configured based on, for example: the carrier frequency of the cell in which the SS / PBCH blocks are transmitted; a parameter set or subcarrier spacing for the cell; configuration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); or any other suitable factor. In an example, the UE may assume the subcarrier spacing of the SS / PBCH blocks based on the carrier frequency being monitored unless the radio network configures the UE to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

[0161] The SS / PBCH block may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, such as Fig.11A ) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 240 consecutive subcarriers). The PSS, SSS, and PBCH may have a common center frequency. The PSS may be transmitted first and may span, for example, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., spanning the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240 subcarriers.

[0162] The UE may not know the location of the SS / PBCH blocks in the time and frequency domains (for example, when the UE is searching for cells). In order to find and select a cell, the UE may monitor the carrier of the PSS. For example, the UE may monitor the frequency position within the carrier. If the PSS is not found after a certain duration (for example, 20ms), the UE may search for the PSS at different frequency positions within the carrier, as indicated by the synchronization raster. If the PSS is found at a certain position in the time and frequency domains, the UE may determine the location of the SSS and PBCH based on the known structure of the SS / PBCH block, respectively. The SS / PBCH block may be a cell definition SS block (CD-SSB). In an example, a primary cell may be associated with a CD-SSB. The CD-SSB may be located on a synchronization raster. In an example, cell selection / search and / or reselection may be based on the CD-SSB.

[0163] The SS / PBCH block may be used by the UE to determine one or more parameters of the cell. For example, the UE may determine the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell based on the sequence of the PSS and SSS, respectively. The UE may determine the location of the frame boundary of the cell based on the location of the SS / PBCH block. For example, the SS / PBCH block may indicate that it has been transmitted according to a transmission mode in which the SS / PBCH block in the transmission mode is a known distance from the frame boundary.

[0164] The PBCH may use QPSK modulation and may use forward error correction (FEC). FEC may use polarity coding. One or more symbols spanned by the PBCH may carry one or more DMRS for demodulating the PBCH. The PBCH may include an indication of the current system frame number (SFN) of the cell and / or an SS / PBCH block timing index. These parameters may contribute to the time synchronization of the UE with the base station. The PBCH may include a master information block (MIB) for providing one or more parameters to the UE. The MIB may be used by the UE to locate the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) associated with the cell. The RMSI may include system information block type 1 (SIB1). SIB1 may contain information required for the UE to access the cell. The UE may use one or more parameters of the MIB to monitor the PDCCH that may be used to schedule the PDSCH. The PDSCH may include SIB1. SIB1 may be decoded using the parameters provided in the MIB. The PBCH may indicate that SIB1 does not exist. Based on the PBCH indicating that SIB1 does not exist, the UE may point to a frequency. The UE may search for SS / PBCH blocks at the frequency to which the UE is pointing.

[0165] The UE may assume that one or more SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with the same SS / PBCH block index are quasi-co-located (QCLed) (e.g., having the same / similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay and / or spatial Rx parameters). The UE may not assume QCL for SS / PBCH block transmissions with different SS / PBCH block indices.

[0166] SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., those within a half-frame) may be transmitted in spatial directions (e.g., using different beams across the coverage area of ​​a cell). In an example, a first SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a first spatial direction using a first beam, and a second SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam.

[0167] In an example, within a frequency range of a carrier, a base station may transmit multiple SS / PBCH blocks. In an example, a first PCI of a first SS / PBCH block in the multiple SS / PBCH blocks may be different from a second PCI of a second SS / PBCH block in the multiple SS / PBCH blocks. PCIs of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in different frequency positions may be different or the same.

[0168] The CSI-RS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to obtain channel state information (CSI). The base station may configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. The base station may configure the UE with one or more CSI-RSs of the same / similar CSI-RS. The UE may measure the one or more CSI-RSs. The UE may estimate the downlink channel state and / or generate a CSI report based on the measurement of the one or more downlink CSI-RSs. The UE may provide the CSI report to the base station. The base station may use the feedback provided by the UE (e.g., the estimated downlink channel state) to perform link adaptation.

[0169] The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. The CSI-RS resources may be associated with positions and periodicity in the time and frequency domains. The base station may selectively activate and / or deactivate CSI-RS resources. The base station may indicate to the UE that the CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set are activated and / or deactivated.

[0170] The base station can configure the UE to report CSI measurement values. The base station can configure the UE to provide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently. For periodic CSI reporting, the UE can be configured with the timing and / or period of multiple CSI reports. For aperiodic CSI reporting, the base station can request a CSI report. For example, the base station can command the UE to measure the configured CSI-RS resources and provide a CSI report related to the measurement value. For semi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station can configure the UE to transmit periodically and selectively activate or deactivate periodic reporting. The base station can configure the UE with a CSI-RS resource set and CSI reporting using RRC signaling.

[0171] The CSI-RS configuration may include one or more parameters indicating, for example, up to 32 antenna ports. The UE may be configured to employ the same OFDM symbol for downlink CSI-RS and control resource set (CORESET) when the downlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the physical resource blocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The UE may be configured to employ the same OFDM symbol for downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks when the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the PRBs configured for the SS / PBCH blocks.

[0172] Downlink DMRS can be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for channel estimation. For example, the downlink DMRS can be used for consistent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). The NR network can support one or more variable and / or configurable DMRS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DMRS configuration can support a frontload DMRS pattern. The frontload DMRS can be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). The base station can semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of frontload DMRS symbols for PDSCH. The DMRS configuration can support one or more DMRS ports. For example, for single-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to eight orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. For multi-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to 4 orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. The radio network can (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM) support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink, where the DMRS position, DMRS pattern and / or scrambling sequence can be the same or different. The base station may use the same precoding matrix to transmit the downlink DMRS and the corresponding PDSCH. The UE may use the one or more downlink DMRS to perform consistent demodulation / channel estimation on the PDSCH.

[0173] In an example, a transmitter (e.g., a base station) may use a precoder matrix for a portion of the transmission bandwidth. For example, the transmitter may use a first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precoder matrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the second precoder matrix may be different based on the first bandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The UE may assume that the same precoding matrix is ​​used throughout a set of PRBs. The set of PRBs may be represented as a precoding resource block group (PRG).

[0174] The PDSCH may include one or more layers. The UE may assume that at least one symbol with DMRS is present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PDSCH. The higher layers may configure up to 3 DMRS for the PDSCH.

[0175] The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for phase noise compensation. Whether a downlink PT-RS exists may depend on an RRC configuration. The presence and / or pattern of a downlink PT-RS may be configured based on a UE-specific configuration using a combination of RRC signaling and / or an association with one or more parameters for other purposes (e.g., a modulation and coding scheme (MCS)) that may be indicated by a DCI. When configured, the dynamic presence of a downlink PT-RS may be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least an MCS. The NR network may support multiple PT-RS densities defined in the time domain and / or frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE may use the same precoding for DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports may be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. The downlink PT-RS may be limited to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE. The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted on a symbol to facilitate phase tracking at the receiver.

[0176] The UE may transmit an uplink DMRS to a base station for channel estimation. For example, the base station may use the uplink DMRS to consistently demodulate one or more uplink physical channels. For example, the UE may transmit an uplink DMRS with a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a frequency range similar to the frequency range associated with the corresponding physical channel. The base station may configure the UE with one or more uplink DMRS configurations. At least one DMRS configuration may support a front-loaded DMRS mode. The front-loaded DMRS may be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DMRS may be configured to be transmitted at one or more symbols of the PUSCH and / or PUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of front-loaded DMRS symbols of the PUSCH and / or PUCCH, and the UE may use the front-loaded DMRS symbol to schedule single-symbol DMRS and / or dual-symbol DMRS. NR networks may support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)), where the DMRS positions, DMRS patterns, and / or scrambling sequences of the DMRS may be the same or different.

[0177] The PUSCH may include one or more layers, and the UE may transmit at least one symbol having a DMRS present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PUSCH. In an example, a higher layer may configure up to three DMRSs for the PUSCH.

[0178] Depending on the RRC configuration of the UE, an uplink PT-RS (which can be used by the base station for phase tracking and / or phase noise compensation) may or may not exist. The presence and / or pattern of the uplink PT-RS can be configured based on UE-specific configuration through a combination of RRC signaling and / or one or more parameters for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)) indicated by the DCI. When configured, the dynamic presence of the uplink PT-RS can be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least MCS. The radio network can support multiple uplink PT-RS densities defined in the time domain / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density can be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE can use the same precoding for DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports can be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. For example, the uplink PT-RS can be limited to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE.

[0179] The UE may transmit an SRS to a base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel-dependent scheduling and / or link adaptation. The SRS transmitted by the UE may allow the base station to estimate the uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. The scheduler at the base station may use the estimated uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks for uplink PUSCH transmission from the UE. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configure the UE with one or more SRS resources. The applicability of the SRS resource set may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when a higher layer parameter indicates beam management, the SRS resources in the SRS resource set in the one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., having the same / similar time domain behavior, periodic, non-periodic, etc.) may be transmitted at a certain time (e.g., at the same time). The UE may transmit one or more SRS resources in the SRS resource set. The NR network may support non-periodic, periodic, and / or semi-persistent SRS transmission. The UE may transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or more trigger types may include higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and / or one or more DCI formats. In an example, at least one DCI format may be used for the UE to select at least one configured SRS resource set from one or more configured SRS resource sets. SRS trigger type 0 may refer to SRS triggered based on higher layer signaling. SRS trigger type 1 may refer to SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH and SRS are transmitted in the same time slot, the UE may be configured to transmit SRS after transmission of PUSCH and corresponding uplink DMRS.

[0180] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE using one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of the following: an SRS resource configuration identifier; the number of SRS ports; the time domain behavior of the SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); time slot, mini-slot, and / or subframe level periodicity; offsets of periodic and / or aperiodic SRS resources; the number of OFDM symbols in the SRS resources; the starting OFDM symbol of the SRS resources; SRS bandwidth; frequency hopping bandwidth; cyclic shift; and / or SRS sequence ID.

[0181] The antenna ports are defined so that the channel through which a symbol on the antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel through which another symbol on the same antenna port is communicated. If a first symbol and a second symbol are transmitted on the same antenna port, the receiver can infer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) used to communicate the second symbol on the antenna port from the channel used to communicate the first symbol on the antenna port. If one or more large-scale properties of the channel through which the first symbol on the first antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel through which the second symbol on the second antenna port is communicated, the first antenna port and the second antenna port can be referred to as quasi-co-located (QCLed). The one or more large-scale properties may include at least one of the following: delay spread; Doppler spread; Doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and / or spatial receive (Rx) parameters.

[0182] Channels using beamforming require beam management. Beam management may include beam measurement, beam selection, and beam indication. A beam may be associated with one or more reference signals. For example, a beam may be identified by one or more beamformed reference signals. The UE may perform downlink beam measurements and generate beam measurement reports based on downlink reference signals (e.g., channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). After setting up an RRC connection with a base station, the UE may perform a downlink beam measurement procedure.

[0183] Fig. 11B An example of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) mapped in the time and frequency domain is shown. Fig. 11BThe squares shown in the figure may represent resource blocks (RBs) within the bandwidth of the cell. The base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicating one or more CSI-RS. One or more of the following parameters may be configured for the CSI-RS resource configuration through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and / or MAC signaling): CSI-RS resource configuration identity, number of CSI-RS ports, CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element (RE) positions in a subframe), CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., subframe position, offset and periodicity in a radio frame), CSI-RS power parameters, CSI-RS sequence parameters, code division multiplexing (CDM) type parameters, frequency density, transmission comb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid) and / or other radio resource parameters.

[0184] Fig. 11B The three beams shown may be configured for a UE in a UE-specific configuration. Fig. 11B Three beams (beam #1, beam #2, and beam #3) are shown in the figure, and more or fewer beams can be configured. CSI-RS1101 can be allocated to beam #1, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the first symbol. CSI-RS1102 can be allocated to beam #2, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the second symbol. CSI-RS1103 can be allocated to beam #3, which can be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the third symbol. By using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), the base station can use other subcarriers in the same RB (for example, those subcarriers not used to transmit CSI-RS1101) to transmit another CSI-RS associated with the beam of another UE. By using time domain multiplexing (TDM), the beam for the UE can be configured so that the beam for the UE uses symbols from the beams of other UEs.

[0185] CSI-RS, such as Fig. 11BThose shown in (e.g., CSI-RS1101, 1102, 1103) can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for one or more measurement values. For example, the UE can measure the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the configured CSI-RS resource. The base station can configure the UE with a reporting configuration, and the UE can report the RSRP measurement value to the network (e.g., via one or more base stations) based on the reporting configuration. In the example, the base station can determine one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states including multiple reference signals based on the reported measurement results. In the example, the base station can indicate one or more TCI states to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE and / or DCI). The UE can receive a downlink transmission with a receive (Rx) beam determined based on the one or more TCI states. In the example, the UE may or may not have beam correspondence capability. If the UE has beam correspondence capability, the UE can determine the spatial domain filter of the transmission (Tx) beam based on the spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam. If the UE does not have beam-corresponding capability, the UE may perform an uplink beam selection procedure to determine the spatial domain filter of the Tx beam. The UE may perform an uplink beam selection procedure based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resources configured to the UE by the base station. The base station may select and indicate the uplink beam of the UE based on measurements of one or more SRS resources transmitted by the UE.

[0186] In the beam management procedure, the UE may assess (e.g., measure) the channel quality of one or more beam pair links, beam pair links including a transmission beam transmitted by a base station, and a reception beam received by the UE. Based on the assessment, the UE may transmit a beam measurement report indicating one or more beam pair quality parameters, wherein the one or more beam pair quality parameters include, for example, one or more beam identifiers (e.g., beam index, reference signal index, etc.), RSRP, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), channel quality indicator (CQI) and / or rank indicator (RI).

[0187] Fig. 12AExamples of three downlink beam management procedures are shown: P1, P2, and P3. Procedure P1 may enable UE measurements of transmit (Tx) beams of a transmit reception point (TRP) (or multiple TRPs), for example to support selection of one or more base station Tx beams and / or UE Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of P1, respectively). Beamforming at the TRP may include Tx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of P1 and P2). Beamforming at the UE may include Rx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of P1 and P3). Procedure P2 may be used to enable UE measurements of Tx beams of a TRP (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top row of P2). The UE and / or the base station may perform procedure P2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure P3 for Rx beam determination by using the same Tx beam at the base station and sweeping the Rx beam at the UE.

[0188] Fig. 12B Examples of three uplink beam management procedures are shown: U1, U2, and U3. Procedure U1 can be used to enable the base station to perform measurements on the UE's Tx beam, for example, to support selection of one or more UE Tx beams and / or base station Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of U1, respectively). Beamforming at the UE can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of U1 and U3). Beamforming at the base station can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of U1 and U2). When the UE uses a fixed Tx beam, procedure U2 can be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam. The UE and / or the base station may perform procedure U2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure U3 to adjust its Tx beam when the base station uses a fixed Rx beam.

[0189] The UE may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure based on detecting a beam failure. The UE may transmit a BFR request (e.g., preamble, UCI, SR, MAC CE, etc.) based on the initiation of the BFR procedure. The UE may detect a beam failure based on a determination that the quality of the beam-pair link of the associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an error rate above an error rate threshold, a received signal power below a received signal power threshold, expiration of a timer, etc.).

[0190] The UE may measure the quality of a beam-to-link using one or more reference signals (RS), the one or more reference signals including one or more SS / PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources and / or one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRS). The quality of a beam-to-link may be based on one or more of the following: a block error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value and / or a CSI value measured on an RS resource. The base station may indicate that the RS resource is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with one or more DM-RS of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shared data channel, etc.). When the channel characteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameters, fading, etc.) from the transmission to the UE via the RS resource are similar or identical to the channel characteristics from the transmission to the UE via the channel, the RS resource and the one or more DMRS of the channel may be QCLed.

[0191] The network (e.g., gNB and / or ng-eNB of the network) and / or the UE may initiate a random access procedure. A UE in RRC_IDLE state and / or RRC_INACTIVE state may initiate a random access procedure to request connection setup to the network. The UE may initiate a random access procedure from the RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request uplink resources (e.g., uplink transmission for SR when there are no available PUCCH resources) and / or to obtain uplink timing (e.g., when the uplink synchronization state is not synchronized). The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request one or more system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system information, such as SIB2, SIB3, etc.). The UE may initiate a random access procedure for a beam failure recovery request. The network may initiate a random access procedure for handover and / or for establishing time alignment for SCell addition.

[0192] Fig.13A A four-step contention-based random access procedure is shown.Before initiating the procedure, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1310 to the UE. Fig.13AThe illustrated procedure includes the transmission of four messages: Msg 1 1311, Msg 2 1312, Msg3 1313, and Msg 4 1314. Msg 1 1311 may include and / or be referred to as a preamble (or random access preamble). Msg2 1312 may include and / or be referred to as a random access response (RAR).

[0193] The configuration message 1310 may be transmitted, for example, using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages may indicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to the UE. The one or more RACH parameters may include at least one of the following: general parameters for one or more random access procedures (e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon); and / or dedicated parameters (e.g., RACH-configDedicated). The base station may broadcast or multicast the one or more RRC messages to one or more UEs. The one or more RRC messages may be UE-specific (e.g., dedicated RRC messages transmitted to the UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state and / or the RRC_INACTIVE state). The UE may determine the time-frequency resources and / or uplink transmission power for transmitting Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on the one or more RACH parameters. Based on the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine the reception timing and downlink channel for receiving Msg 2 1312 and Msg 4 1314.

[0194] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may indicate one or more physical RACH (PRACH) opportunities that can be used to transmit Msg 11311. The one or more PRACH opportunities may be predefined. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACH opportunities (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more PRACH opportunities, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more preambles, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate the number of SS / PBCH blocks mapped to the PRACH opportunity and / or the number of preambles mapped to the SS / PBCH block.

[0195] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may be used to determine the uplink transmission power of Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate a reference power for preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and / or an initial power for preamble transmission). There may be one or more power offsets indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramp step size; a power offset between SSB and CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313; and / or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds based on which the UE may determine at least one reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and / or uplink carrier (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL) carrier and / or a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier).

[0196] Msg 1 1311 may include one or more preamble transmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preamble retransmissions). The RRC message may be used to configure one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and / or group B). The preamble group may include one or more preambles. The UE may determine the preamble group based on the path loss measurement value and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. The UE may measure the RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRP above an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and / or rsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). For example, if the association between the one or more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured by an RRC message, the UE may select at least one preamble associated with the one or more reference signals and / or the selected preamble group.

[0197] The UE may determine the preamble based on the one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310. For example, the UE may determine the preamble based on a path loss measurement, an RSRP measurement, and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. As another example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximum number of preamble transmissions; and / or one or more thresholds for determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and group B). The base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure the association between one or more preambles and one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for the UE. If the association is configured, the UE may determine the preamble included in Msg 1 1311 based on the association. Msg 1 1311 may be transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH opportunities. The UE may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for selecting a preamble and for determining a PRACH opportunity. One or more RACH parameters (eg, ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and / or ra-OccasionList) may indicate an association between a PRACH opportunity and the one or more reference signals.

[0198] If no response is received after the preamble transmission, the UE may perform a preamble retransmission. The UE may increase the uplink transmission power for the preamble retransmission. The UE may select the initial preamble transmission power based on the path loss measurement and / or the target received preamble power configured by the network. The UE may determine to retransmit the preamble and may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g., PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating the ramp-up step size for the preamble retransmission. The ramp-up step size may be the amount of incremental increase in the uplink transmission power for retransmission. If the UE determines the same reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) as the previous preamble transmission, the UE may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may count the number of preamble transmissions and / or retransmissions (e.g., PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). For example, if the number of preamble transmissions exceeds a threshold (eg, preambleTransMax) configured by the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine that the random access procedure was not successfully completed.

[0199] Msg 2 1312 received by the UE may include a RAR. In some scenarios, Msg 2 1312 may include multiple RARs corresponding to multiple UEs. Msg 2 1312 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1311. Msg 2 1312 may be scheduled on the DL-SCH and indicated on the PDCCH using a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). Msg 2 1312 may indicate that Msg 1 1311 is received by the base station. Msg 2 1312 may include a time alignment command that may be used by the UE to adjust the transmission timing of the UE, a scheduling grant for transmitting Msg 3 1313, and / or a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). After transmitting the preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH of Msg 2 1312. The UE may determine when to start the time window based on the PRACH opportunity used by the UE to transmit the preamble. For example, the UE may start a time window of one or more symbols after the last symbol of the preamble (e.g., at the first PDCCH opportunity starting from the end of the preamble transmission). The one or more symbols may be determined based on a parameter set. The PDCCH may be in a common search space (e.g., Type1-PDCCH common search space) configured by an RRC message. The UE may identify the RAR based on a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). The RNTI may be used depending on one or more events that initiate a random access procedure. The UE may use a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The RA-RNTI may be associated with the PRACH opportunity in which the UE transmits the preamble. For example, the UE may determine the RA-RNTI based on: an OFDM symbol index; a time slot index; a frequency domain index; and / or a UL carrier indicator of a PRACH opportunity. Examples of RA-RNTIs may be as follows:

[0200] RA-RNTI=1+s_id+14×t_id+14×80×f_id+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id

[0201] Wherein s_id may be the index of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH opportunity (e.g., 0≤s_id<14), t_id may be the index of the first time slot of the PRACH opportunity in the system frame (e.g., 0≤t_id<80), f_id may be the index of the PRACH opportunity in the frequency domain (e.g., 0≤f_id<8), and ul_carrier_id may be the UL carrier used for preamble transmission (e.g., 0 for the NUL carrier and 1 for the SUL carrier).

[0202] The UE may transmit Msg 3 1313 in response to successfully receiving Msg 2 1312 (e.g., using the resources identified in Msg 2 1312). Msg 3 1313 may be used, for example, Fig.13A Contention resolution in a contention-based random access procedure as shown in . In some scenarios, multiple UEs may transmit the same preamble to a base station, and the base station may provide a RAR corresponding to the UE. If the multiple UEs interpret the RAR as corresponding to themselves, a conflict may occur. Contention resolution (e.g., using Msg 3 1313 and Msg 4 1314) may be used to increase the likelihood that a UE does not mistakenly use the identity of another UE. To perform contention resolution, the UE may include a device identifier in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if a C-RNTI is assigned, the TC-RNTI included in Msg 2 1312 and / or any other suitable identifier).

[0203] Msg 4 1314 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 3 1313. If a C-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313, the base station will address the UE on the PDCCH using the C-RNTI. If a unique C-RNTI for the UE is detected on the PDCCH, it is determined that the random access procedure is successfully completed. If a TC-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if the UE is in an RRC_IDLE state or is not otherwise connected to the base station), Msg 4 1314 will be received using the DL-SCH associated with the TC-RNTI. If the MAC PDU is successfully decoded and the MAC PDU includes a UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches or otherwise corresponds to the CCCH SDU sent (e.g., transmitted) in Msg 3 1313, the UE may determine that contention resolution is successful and / or the UE may determine that the random access procedure is successfully completed.

[0204] The UE may be configured with a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and a normal uplink (NUL) carrier. Initial access (e.g., a random access procedure) may be supported in an uplink carrier. For example, a base station may configure two separate RACH configurations for a UE: one for a SUL carrier and the other for a NUL carrier. For random access in a cell configured with a SUL carrier, the network may indicate which carrier (NUL or SUL) to use. For example, if the measured quality of one or more reference signals is below a broadcast threshold, the UE may determine the SUL carrier. The uplink transmission of the random access procedure (e.g., Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313) may remain on the selected carrier. In one or more cases, the UE may switch uplink carriers during the random access procedure (e.g., between Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313). For example, the UE may determine and / or switch an uplink carrier for Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on channel clarity assessment (eg, listen before talk).

[0205] Fig. 13B The two-step contention-free random access procedure is shown in FIG. Fig.13A Similar to the four-step contention-based random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1320 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. The configuration message 1320 may be similar to the configuration message 1310 in some aspects. Fig. 13B The illustrated procedure includes the transmission of two messages: Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322. Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322 may be similar in some respects to Fig.13A As shown in Msg 1 1311 and Msg 2 1312. Fig.13A and Fig. 13B It will be appreciated that the contention-free random access procedure may not include messages similar to Msg 3 1313 and / or Msg 4 1314.

[0206] Can be initiated for beam failure recovery, other SI requests, SCell addition and / or handover Fig. 13B For example, the base station may indicate or assign a preamble to be used for Msg 1 1321 to the UE. The UE may receive an indication of the preamble (eg, ra-PreambleIndex) from the base station via PDCCH and / or RRC.

[0207] After transmitting the preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH for the RAR. In the case of a beam failure recovery request, the base station may configure the UE with a separate time window and / or a separate PDCCH in the search space indicated by the RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The UE may monitor PDCCH transmissions addressed to the Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) on the search space. Fig. 13B In the contention-free random access procedure shown, the UE may determine that the random access procedure is successfully completed after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1321 and the reception of the corresponding Msg 2 1322. For example, if the PDCCH transmission is addressed to the C-RNTI, the UE may determine that the random access procedure is successfully completed. For example, if the UE receives a RAR including a preamble identifier corresponding to the preamble transmitted by the UE and / or the RAR includes a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier, the UE may determine that the random access procedure is successfully completed. The UE may determine that the response is an indication of a confirmation of the SI request.

[0208] Fig. 13C Another two-step random access procedure is shown. Fig.13A and Fig. 13B Similar to the random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1330 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. Configuration message 1330 may be similar to configuration message 1310 and / or configuration message 1320 in some aspects. Fig. 13C The procedure shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg A 1331 and Msg B 1332.

[0209] Msg A 1331 may be transmitted by the UE in an uplink transmission. Msg A 1331 may include one or more transmissions of a preamble 1341 and / or one or more transmissions of a transport block 1342. Transport block 1342 may include Fig.13A The transmission block 1342 may include UCI (e.g., SR, HARQ ACK / NACK, etc.). The UE may receive Msg B 1332 after or in response to the transmission of Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include the same content as the content of Msg 3 1313 shown in FIG. Fig.13A and Fig. 13B Msg 2 1312 (eg, RAR) and / or Fig.13A The content of Msg 4 1314 shown is similar and / or identical.

[0210] The UE can initiate a call for licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum. Fig. 13C The UE may determine whether to initiate a two-step random access procedure based on one or more factors. The one or more factors may be: the radio access technology being used (e.g., LTE, NR, etc.); whether the UE has a valid TA; the cell size; the RRC state of the UE; the type of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and / or any other suitable factor.

[0211] The UE may determine the radio resources and / or uplink transmission power of the preamble 1341 and / or the transport block 1342 included in the Msg A 1331 based on the two-step RACH parameters included in the configuration message 1330. The RACH parameters may indicate the modulation and coding scheme (MCS), time-frequency resources, and / or power control of the preamble 1341 and / or the transport block 1342. The time-frequency resources (e.g., PRACH) used for transmission of the preamble 1341 and the time-frequency resources (e.g., PUSCH) used for transmission of the transport block 1342 may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and / or CDM. The RACH parameters may enable the UE to determine the reception timing and downlink channel for monitoring and / or receiving the Msg B 1332.

[0212] The transmission block 1342 may include data (e.g., delay-sensitive data), an identifier of the UE, security information, and / or device information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)). The base station may transmit Msg B 1332 as a response to Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include at least one of the following: a preamble identifier; a timing high-level command; a power control command; an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and / or MCS); a UE identifier for contention resolution; and / or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or a TC-RNTI). The UE may determine that the two-step random access procedure is successfully completed if the following conditions exist: the preamble identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the preamble transmitted by the UE; and / or the identifier of the UE in Msg B 1332 matches the identifier of the UE in Msg A 1331 (e.g., transmission block 1342).

[0213] The UE and the base station may exchange control signaling. The control signaling may be referred to as L1 / L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g., layer 1) and / or the MAC layer (e.g., layer 2). The control signaling may include downlink control signaling transmitted from the base station to the UE and / or uplink control signaling transmitted from the UE to the base station.

[0214] Downlink control signaling may include: downlink scheduling assignment; uplink scheduling grant indicating uplink radio resources and / or transport format; time slot format information; preemption indication; power control command; and / or any other suitable signaling. The UE may receive downlink control signaling in a payload transmitted by the base station on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The payload transmitted on the PDCCH may be referred to as downlink control information (DCI). In some scenarios, the PDCCH may be a group common PDCCH (GC-PDCCH) common to a group of UEs.

[0215] The base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC) parity bits to the DCI to facilitate detection of transmission errors. When the DCI is intended for a UE (or a group of UEs), the base station may scramble the CRC parity bits with an identifier of the UE (or an identifier of the group of UEs). Scrambling the CRC parity bits with the identifier may include a Modulo-2 addition (or an exclusive OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits. The identifier may include a 16-bit value of a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI).

[0216] DCI can be used for different purposes. The purpose can be indicated by the type of RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. For example, a DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) can indicate paging information and / or system information change notification. The P-RNTI can be predefined as hexadecimal "FFFE". A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) can indicate a broadcast transmission of system information. The SI-RNTI can be predefined as hexadecimal "FFFF". A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) can indicate a random access response (RAR). A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) can indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmission and / or the triggering of a PDCCH ordered random access. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) can indicate contention resolution (e.g., similar to Fig.13AThe other RNTIs configured by the base station to the UE may include: a configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), a transmission power control PUCCH RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI), a transmission power control PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), a transmission power control SRS RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI), an interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), a slot format indication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), a semi-persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), a modulation and coding scheme cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI), etc.

[0217] Depending on the purpose and / or content of the DCI, the base station may transmit DCI with one or more DCI formats. For example, DCI format 0_0 may be used for scheduling of PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with a compact DCI payload). DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used for scheduling of PUSCH in a cell (e.g., with a larger DCI payload than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for scheduling of PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with a compact DCI payload). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling of PDSCH in a cell (e.g., with a larger DCI payload than DCI format 1_0). DCI format 2_0 may be used to provide a slot format indication to a UE group. DCI format 2_1 may be used to notify a UE group of physical resource blocks and / or OFDM symbols, where the UE may assume that no transmission to the UE is expected. DCI format 2_2 may be used to transmit a transmission power control (TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI formats 2_3 may be used to transmit a set of TPC commands for SRS transmission by one or more UEs. DCI formats for new functions may be defined in future releases. DCI formats may have different DCI sizes, or may share the same DCI size.

[0218] After scrambling the DCI with the RNTI, the base station may process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polarity coding), rate matching, scrambling, and / or QPSK modulation. The base station may map the coded and modulated DCI on resource elements used for and / or configured for PDCCH. Based on the payload size of the DCI and / or the coverage of the base station, the base station may transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupying multiple consecutive control channel elements (CCEs). The number of consecutive CCEs (referred to as the aggregation level) may be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and / or any other suitable number. CCE may include the number of resource element groups (REGs) (e.g., 6). REG may include a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of the coded and modulated DCI on the resource elements may be based on the mapping of CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE to REG mapping).

[0219] Fig.14A An example of a CORESET configuration for a bandwidth portion is shown. A base station may transmit DCI via a PDCCH on one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may include time-frequency resources in which a UE attempts to decode DCI using one or more search spaces. A base station may configure a CORESET in the time-frequency domain. Fig.14A In the example of FIG. 1401 , the first CORESET 1401 and the second CORESET 1402 appear at the first symbol in the time slot. The first CORESET 1401 overlaps the second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. The third CORESET 1403 appears at the third symbol in the time slot. The fourth CORESET 1404 appears at the seventh symbol in the time slot. The CORESETs may have different numbers of resource blocks in the frequency domain.

[0220] Fig. 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown. The CCE to REG mapping can be an interlaced mapping (e.g., for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interlaced mapping (e.g., for the purpose of facilitating interference coordination and / or frequency selective transmission of control channels). The base station can perform different or the same CCE to REG mapping for different CORESETs. A CORESET can be associated with the CCE to REG mapping through RRC configuration. A CORESET can be configured with antenna port quasi-co-location (QCL) parameters. The antenna port QCL parameters can indicate the QCL information of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for PDCCH reception in the CORESET.

[0221] The base station may transmit an RRC message including configuration parameters of one or more CORESETs and one or more search space sets to the UE. The configuration parameters may indicate an association between a search space set and a CORESET. The search space set may include a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs at a given aggregation level. The configuration parameters may indicate: the number of PDCCH candidates to be monitored for each aggregation level; the PDCCH monitoring periodicity and the PDCCH monitoring mode; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by the UE; and / or whether the search space set is a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. The set of CCEs in the common search space set may be predefined and known to the UE. The set of CCEs in the UE-specific search space set may be configured based on the UE's identity (e.g., C-RNTI).

[0222] like Fig. 14B As shown, the UE may determine the time-frequency resources of the CORESET based on the RRC message. The UE may determine the CCE to REG mapping of the CORESET based on the configuration parameters of the CORESET (e.g., interlaced or non-interlaced and / or mapping parameters). The UE may determine the number of search space sets configured on the CORESET based on the RRC message (e.g., up to 10). The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates according to the configuration parameters of the search space set. The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may include decoding one or more PDCCH candidates in the set of PDCCH candidates according to the monitored DCI format. Monitoring may include decoding the DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates, which have possible (or configured) PDCCH positions, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in the common search space, and / or the number of PDCCH candidates in the UE-specific search space) and possible (or configured) DCI formats. Decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The UE may determine that the DCI is valid for the UE in response to a CRC check (e.g., scrambled bits of the CRC parity bits of the DCI matching the RNTI value). The UE may process the information contained in the DCI (e.g., scheduling assignments, uplink grants, power control, slot format indications, downlink preemption, etc.).

[0223] The UE may transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., uplink control information (UCI)) to the base station. The uplink control signaling transmission may include a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) confirmation for the received DL-SCH transport block. The UE may transmit the HARQ confirmation after receiving the DL-SCH transport block. The uplink control signaling may include channel state information (CSI) indicating the channel quality of the physical downlink channel. The UE may transmit the CSI to the base station. Based on the received CSI, the base station may determine the transmission format parameters (e.g., including multiple antennas and beamforming schemes) for downlink transmission. The uplink control signaling may include a scheduling request (SR). The UE may transmit an SR indicating that uplink data is available for transmission to the base station. The UE may transmit UCI (e.g., HARQ confirmation (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, etc.) via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The UE may transmit uplink control signaling via PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

[0224] There may be five PUCCH formats, and the UE may determine the PUCCH format based on the size of the UCI (e.g., the number of uplink symbols for UCI transmission and the number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a length of one or two OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK information bits (HARQ-ACK / SR bits) with positive or negative SR is one or two, the UE may use PUCCH format 0 to transmit the UCI in the PUCCH resource. PUCCH format 1 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted and the number of HARQ-ACK / SR bits is one or two, the UE may use PUCCH format 1. PUCCH format 2 may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of UCI bits is two or more, the UE may use PUCCH format 2. PUCCH format 3 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources do not include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 3. PUCCH format 4 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 4.

[0225] The base station may transmit configuration parameters of multiple PUCCH resource sets to the UE using, for example, an RRC message. The multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up to four sets) may be configured on the uplink BWP of the cell. The PUCCH resource set may be configured with: a PUCCH resource set index; multiple PUCCH resources having PUCCH resources identified by a PUCCH resource identifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid); and / or multiple (e.g., maximum number) UCI ​​information bits that the UE may transmit using one of the multiple PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. When multiple PUCCH resource sets are configured, the UE may select one of the multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and / or CSI) based on the total bit length of the UCI information bits. If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is two or less, the UE may select the first PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "0". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than two and less than or equal to the first configured value, the UE may select a second PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "1". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the first configured value and less than or equal to the second configured value, the UE may select a third PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "2". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the second configured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406), the UE may select a fourth PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "3".

[0226] After determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, the UE may determine PUCCH resources for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR) transmission from the PUCCH resource set. The UE may determine the PUCCH resources based on a PUCCH resource indicator in a DCI (e.g., a DCI format 1_0 or a DCI for 1_1) received on the PDCCH. The three-bit PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate one PUCCH resource in eight PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Based on the PUCCH resource indicator, the UE may use the PUCCH resources indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI to transmit UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR).

[0227] Fig.15 An example of a wireless device 1502 communicating with a base station 1504 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may be part of a mobile communication network, such as Figure 1A The mobile communication network 100 shown, Figure 1B The mobile communication network 150 shown or any other communication network. Fig.15 Only one wireless device 1502 and one base station 1504 are shown in FIG. 1 , but it should be understood that the mobile communication network may include more than one UE and / or more than one base station, which have the same Fig.15 Configurations the same or similar to those shown.

[0228] The base station 1504 may connect the wireless device 1502 to a core network (not shown) by radio communication via an air interface (or radio interface) 1506. The direction of communication from the base station 1504 to the wireless device 1502 over the air interface 1506 is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from the wireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separated from uplink transmissions using FDD, TDD, and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0229] In the downlink, data to be sent from base station 1504 to wireless device 1502 may be provided to processing system 1508 of base station 1504. The data may be provided to processing system 1508 via, for example, a core network. In the uplink, data to be sent from wireless device 1502 to base station 1504 may be provided to processing system 1518 of wireless device 1502. Processing system 1508 and processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 and layer 2 OSI functions to process data for transmission. Layer 2 may include, for example, information about Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A Layer 3 may include the following: Figure 2B RRC layer.

[0230] After processing by processing system 1508, data to be transmitted to wireless device 1502 may be provided to transmission processing system 1510 of base station 1504. Similarly, after processing by processing system 1518, data to be transmitted to base station 1504 may be provided to transmission processing system 1520 of wireless device 1502. Transmission processing system 1510 and transmission processing system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A For transmission processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward error correction coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation of physical channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antenna processing, etc.

[0231] At base station 1504, receive processing system 1512 may receive uplink transmissions from wireless device 1502. At wireless device 1502, receive processing system 1522 may receive downlink transmissions from base station 1504. Receive processing system 1512 and receive processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A For reception processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection, forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping of transport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physical channels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, etc.

[0232] like Fig.15 As shown, the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may include multiple antennas. The multiple antennas may be used to perform one or more MIMO or multi-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g., single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit / receive diversity, and / or beamforming. In other examples, the wireless device 1502 and / or the base station 1504 may have a single antenna.

[0233] Processing system 1508 and processing system 1518 may be associated with memory 1514 and memory 1524, respectively. Memory 1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) may store computer program instructions or codes that may be executed by processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 to perform one or more of the functions discussed herein. Fig.15 Not shown, transmit processing system 1510, transmit processing system 1520, receive processing system 1512, and / or receive processing system 1522 may be coupled to a memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) storing computer program instructions or code that may be executed to perform one or more of their respective functions.

[0234] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may include one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The one or more controllers and / or one or more processors may include, for example, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and / or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, on-board units, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may perform at least one of the following: signal encoding / processing, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functions that may enable the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 to operate in a wireless environment.

[0235] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may be connected to one or more peripheral devices 1516 and one or more peripheral devices 1526, respectively. The one or more peripheral devices 1516 and the one or more peripheral devices 1526 may include software and / or hardware that provides features and / or functionality, such as a speaker, a microphone, a keyboard, a display, a touch pad, a power supply, a satellite transceiver, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, an electronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and / or one or more sensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a camera, etc.). The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may receive user input data from the one or more peripheral devices 1516 and / or the one or more peripheral devices 1526 and / or provide user output data to the one or more peripheral devices. The processing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 can receive power from the power source and / or can be configured to distribute power to other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source can include one or more power sources, such as batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can be connected to the GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527, respectively. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527 can be configured to provide geographical location information of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504, respectively.

[0236] Fig.16AAn exemplary structure for uplink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel can perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may include at least one of the following: scrambling; modulating scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping complex-valued modulated symbols to one or several transmission layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of complex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generating a complex-valued time-domain single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signal for an antenna port; and the like. In the example, when transform precoding is enabled, an SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission can be generated. In the example, when transform precoding is not enabled, the uplink transmission can be performed by Fig.16A Generate a CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0237] Fig. 16B An exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal may be a complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal and / or a complex-valued physical random access channel (PRACH) baseband signal for an antenna port. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

[0238] Fig. 16C An exemplary structure for downlink transmission is shown. A baseband signal representing a physical downlink channel may perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may include: scrambling coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on a physical channel; modulating the scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; precoding of complex-valued modulation symbols on layers for transmission on antenna ports; mapping complex-valued modulation symbols for antenna ports to resource elements; generating complex-valued time-domain OFDM signals for antenna ports; and the like. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0239] Fig.16D Another exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal may be a complex valued OFDM baseband signal at an antenna port. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

[0240] The wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., RRC messages) including configuration parameters of multiple cells (e.g., primary cells, secondary cells) from a base station. The wireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g., two or more base stations in dual connectivity) via the multiple cells. The one or more messages (e.g., as part of the configuration parameters) may include parameters for configuring the wireless device at the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, and RRC layer. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters for configuring physical layer and MAC layer channels, bearers, and the like. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters indicating values ​​of timers for the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, RRC layer, and / or communication channels.

[0241] Once started, a timer can start running and continue running until it stops or until it expires. If the timer is not running, it can be started, or if it is running, it can be restarted. A timer can be associated with a value (e.g., a timer can start or restart from a certain value, or can start from zero and expire once it reaches the value). The duration of the timer may not be updated until the timer stops or expires (e.g., due to BWP switching). The timer can be used for the time period / window of the measurement process. When the specification refers to implementations and procedures related to one or more timers, it should be understood that there are multiple ways to implement the one or more timers. For example, it should be understood that one or more of the multiple ways of implementing the timer can be used for the time period / window of the measurement procedure. For example, a random access response window timer can be used to measure the time window for receiving a random access response. In an example, instead of the start and expiration of the random access response window timer, the time difference between two timestamps can be used. When the timer is restarted, the measurement process of the time window can be restarted. Other exemplary embodiments can be provided to restart the measurement of the time window.

[0242] The base station may transmit one or more MAC PDUs to the wireless device. In an example, the MAC PDU may be a bit string that is length byte aligned (e.g., aligned to a multiple of eight bits). In an example, the bit string may be represented by a table, wherein the most significant bit is the leftmost bit of the first row of the table, and the least significant bit is the rightmost bit of the last row of the table. More generally, the bit string may be read from left to right and then in the order in which the lines are read. In an example, the bit order of the parameter fields within the MAC PDU is represented by the first and most significant bit in the leftmost bit and the last and least significant bit in the rightmost bit.

[0243] In an example, the MAC SDU may be a bit string whose length is byte-aligned (e.g., aligned to a multiple of eight bits). In an example, the MAC SDU may be included in the MAC PDU starting from the first bit. The MAC CE may be a bit string whose length is byte-aligned (e.g., aligned to a multiple of eight bits). The MAC subheader may be a bit string whose length is byte-aligned (e.g., aligned to a multiple of eight bits). In an example, the MAC subheader may be placed directly in front of the corresponding MAC SDU, MAC CE, or padding. The MAC entity may ignore the value of the reserved bit in the DL MAC PDU.

[0244] In an example, a MAC PDU may include one or more MAC subPDUs. A MAC subPDU in the one or more MAC subPDUs may include: only a MAC subheader (including padding); a MAC subheader and a MAC SDU; a MAC subheader and a MAC CE; a MAC subheader and padding, or a combination thereof. A MAC SDU may have a variable size. A MAC subheader may correspond to a MAC SDU, a MAC CE, or padding.

[0245] In an example, when the MAC subheader corresponds to a MAC SDU, a variable-size MAC CE, or padding, the MAC subheader may include: an R field having a one-bit length; an F field having a one-bit length; an LCID field having a multi-bit length; an L field having a multi-bit length, or a combination thereof.

[0246] Fig.17A An example of a MAC subheader having an R field, an F field, an LCID field, and an L field is shown. Fig.17A In an exemplary MAC subheader of , the LCID field may be six bits in length and the L field may be eight bits in length. Fig. 17B An example of a MAC subheader having an R field, an F field, an LCID field, and an L field is shown. Fig. 17B In the exemplary MAC subheader shown in , the length of the LCID field may be six bits, and the length of the L field may be sixteen bits. When the MAC subheader corresponds to a fixed-size MAC CE or padding, the MAC subheader may include: an R field having a length of two bits and an LCID field having a length of multiple bits. Fig. 17C An example of a MAC subheader having an R field and an LCID field is shown. Fig. 17C In the exemplary MAC subheader shown in , the LCID field may be six bits in length and the R field may be two bits in length.

[0247] Fig.18AAn example of a DL MAC PDU is shown. A plurality of MAC CEs (such as MAC CE 1 and 2) may be placed together. A MAC subPDU including a MAC CE may be placed before a MAC subPDU including a MAC SDU or a MAC subPDU including padding. Fig.18B An example of a UL MAC PDU is shown. Multiple MAC CEs (such as MAC CE 1 and 2) may be placed together. In an embodiment, a MAC subPDU including a MAC CE may be placed after all MAC subPDUs including a MAC SDU. In addition, a MAC subPDU may be placed before a MAC subPDU including padding.

[0248] In an example, a MAC entity of a base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs to a MAC entity of a wireless device. Fig.19 An example of multiple LCIDs that may be associated with one or more MAC CEs is shown. The one or more MAC CEs include at least one of: SP ZP CSI-RS resource set activation / deactivation MAC CE; PUCCH spatial relation activation / deactivation MAC CE; SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE; SP CSI report on PUCCH activation / deactivation MAC CE; TCI status indication of UE-specific PDCCH MAC CE; TCI status indication of UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE; aperiodic CSI triggering status subselection MAC CE; SP CSI-RS / CSI-IM resource set activation / deactivation MAC CE; wireless device contention resolution identity MAC CE; timing advance command MAC CE; DRX command MAC CE; long DRX command MAC CE; SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE (1 octet); SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE (4 octets); and / or duplicate activation / deactivation MAC CE. In an example, a MAC CE, such as a MAC CE transmitted by a MAC entity of a base station to a MAC entity of a wireless device, may have an LCID in a MAC subheader corresponding to the MAC CE. Different MAC CEs may have different LCIDs in a MAC subheader corresponding to the MAC CE. For example, an LCID given by 111011 in a MAC subheader may indicate that the MAC CE associated with the MAC subheader is a long DRX command MAC CE.

[0249] In an example, a MAC entity of a wireless device may transmit one or more MAC CEs to a MAC entity of a base station. Fig. 20An example of one or more MAC CEs is shown. The one or more MAC CEs may include at least one of the following: a short buffer status report (BSR) MAC CE; a long BSR MAC CE; a C-RNTI MAC CE; a configured grant confirmation MAC CE; a single-entry PHR MAC CE; a multi-entry PHR MAC CE; a short truncated BSR; and / or a long truncated BSR. In the example, the MAC CE may have an LCID in a MAC subheader corresponding to the MAC CE. Different MAC CEs may have different LCIDs in the MAC subheader corresponding to the MAC CE. For example, the LCID given by 111011 in the MAC subheader may indicate that the MAC CE associated with the MAC subheader is a short truncated command MAC CE.

[0250] In carrier aggregation (CA), two or more component carriers (CCs) may be aggregated. A wireless device may receive or transmit simultaneously on one or more CCs using the techniques of CA depending on the capabilities of the wireless device. In an embodiment, a wireless device may support CA for contiguous CCs and / or for non-contiguous CCs. CCs may be organized into cells. For example, CCs may be organized into a primary cell (PCell) and one or more secondary cells (SCells). When configured with CA, a wireless device may have an RRC connection with a network. During RRC connection establishment / reestablishment switching, the cell that provides NAS mobility information may be a serving cell. During the RRC connection establishment / switching procedure, the cell that provides security input may be a serving cell. In an example, a serving cell may represent a PCell. In an example, a base station may transmit one or more messages including configuration parameters of multiple one or more SCells to a wireless device depending on the capabilities of the wireless device.

[0251] When configured with CA, the base station and / or wireless device may employ an activation / deactivation mechanism of SCells to improve battery or power consumption of the wireless device. When the wireless device is configured with one or more SCells, the base station may activate or deactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. After the configuration of the SCell, the SCell may be deactivated immediately unless the SCell state associated with the SCell is set to "activated" or "dormant".

[0252] The wireless device may activate / deactivate the SCell in response to receiving the SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE. In an example, the base station may transmit one or more messages including an SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) to the wireless device. In an example, the wireless device may deactivate the SCell in response to expiration of the SCell timer.

[0253] When the wireless device receives an SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE to activate the SCell, the wireless device may activate the SCell. In response to activating the SCell, the wireless device may perform operations including: SRS transmission on the SCell; CQI / PMI / RI / CRI reporting for the SCell; PDCCH monitoring on the SCell; PDCCH monitoring for the SCell; and / or PUCCH transmission on the SCell. In response to activating the SCell, the wireless device may start or restart a first SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the SCell. When an SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE to activate the SCell has been received, the wireless device may start or restart the first SCell timer in a time slot. In an example, in response to activating the SCell, the wireless device may (re)initialize one or more suspended configured uplink grants of a configured grant type 1 associated with the SCell according to a stored configuration. In an example, in response to activating the SCell, the wireless device may trigger a PHR.

[0254] When the wireless device receives an SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE to deactivate the activated SCell, the wireless device may deactivate the activated SCell. In an example, when the first SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the activated SCell expires, the wireless device may deactivate the activated SCell. In response to deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may stop the first SCell timer associated with the activated SCell. In an example, in response to deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may clear one or more configured downlink assignments and / or one or more configured uplink grants of the configured uplink grant type 2 associated with the activated SCell. In an example, in response to deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may: suspend one or more configured uplink grants of the configured uplink grant type 1 associated with the activated SCell; and / or clear the HARQ buffer associated with the activated SCell.

[0255] When the SCell is deactivated, the wireless device may not perform operations including: transmitting SRS on the SCell; reporting CQI / PMI / RI / CRI for the SCell; transmitting on the UL-SCH on the SCell; transmitting on the RACH on the SCell; monitoring at least one first PDCCH on the SCell; monitoring at least one second PDCCH for the SCell; and / or transmitting PUCCH on the SCell. When at least one first PDCCH on the activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or a downlink assignment, the wireless device may restart a first SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the activated SCell. In an example, when at least one second PDCCH on a serving cell (e.g., a PCell or SCell configured with PUCCH, i.e., a PUCCH SCell) that schedules the activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or a downlink assignment for the activated SCell, the wireless device may restart a first SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the activated SCell. In an example, when the SCell is deactivated, if there is an ongoing random access procedure on the SCell, the wireless device may abort the ongoing random access procedure on the SCell.

[0256] Fig.21A An example of an octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE is shown. Fig.19 The first MAC PDU subheader of the SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE (shown as '111010' in FIG. 1 ) may identify an octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE. The octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE may have a fixed size. The octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE may include a single octet. The single octet may include a first number of C fields (e.g., seven) and a second number of R fields (e.g., one).

[0257] Fig.21B An example of a four-octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE is shown. Fig.19 The second MAC PDU subheader of the MAC PDU (e.g., '111001' shown in ) may identify a four-octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE. The four-octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE may have a fixed size. The four-octet SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE may include four octets. The four octets may include a third number of C fields (e.g., 31) and a fourth number of R fields (e.g., 1).

[0258] exist Fig.21A and / or Fig.21B In the example, if the SCell with SCell index i has been configured, then C i The field may indicate the activation / deactivation status of the SCell with SCell index i. i When the field is set to one, the SCell with SCell index i can be activated. i When the C field is set to zero, the SCell with SCell index i may be deactivated. In an example, if there is no SCell configured with SCell index i, the wireless device may ignore C i field. Fig.21A and Fig.21B In the , the R field can indicate a reserved bit. The R field can be set to zero.

[0259] The base station may configure the wireless device with an uplink (UL) bandwidth part (BWP) and a downlink (DL) BWP to enable bandwidth adaptation (BA) on the PCell. If carrier aggregation is configured, the base station may further configure the wireless device with at least a DL BWP (i.e., there may be no UL BWP in the UL) to enable BA on the SCell. For the PCell, the initial active BWP may be the first BWP for initial access. For the SCell, the first active BWP may be the second BWP configured for the wireless device to operate on the SCell when the SCell is activated. In a paired spectrum (e.g., FDD), the base station and / or the wireless device may switch the DL BWP and the UL BWP independently. In an unpaired spectrum (e.g., TDD), the base station and / or the wireless device may switch the DLBWP and the UL BWP simultaneously.

[0260] In an example, the base station and / or the wireless device may switch the BWP between configured BWPs via DCI or a BWP inactivity timer. When the BWP inactivity timer is configured for a serving cell, the base station and / or the wireless device may switch the active BWP to a default BWP in response to the expiration of the BWP inactivity timer associated with the serving cell. The default BWP may be configured by the network. In an example, for an FDD system, when configured with a BA, one UL BWP and one DL BWP for each uplink carrier may be active at a certain time in an active serving cell. In an example, for a TDD system, one DL / UL BWP pair may be active at a certain time in an active serving cell. Operating on the one UL BWP and the one DL BWP (or the one DL / UL pair) may improve wireless device battery consumption. BWPs other than the one active UL BWP and the one active DL BWP on which the wireless device may operate may be deactivated. On a deactivated BWP, the wireless device may: not monitor the PDCCH; and / or not transmit on the PUCCH, PRACH, and UL-SCH.

[0261] In an example, a serving cell may be configured with up to a first number (e.g., four) of BWPs. In an example, for an activated serving cell, there may be an active BWP at any point in time. In an example, BWP switching for a serving cell may be used to simultaneously activate an inactive BWP and deactivate an active BWP. In an example, BWP switching may be controlled by a PDCCH indicating a downlink assignment or an uplink grant. In an example, BWP switching may be controlled by a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., bwp-InactivityTimer). In an example, BWP switching may be controlled by a MAC entity in response to initiating a random access procedure. When adding a SpCell or activating an SCell, a BWP may initially be active without receiving a PDCCH indicating a downlink assignment or an uplink grant. The active BWP for a serving cell may be indicated by RRC and / or PDCCH. In an example, for unpaired spectrum, a DL BWP may be paired with a UL BWP, and BWP switching may be common to both UL and DL.

[0262] Fig. 22An example of BWP switching on a cell (e.g., PCell or SCell) is shown. In the example, a wireless device may receive at least one RRC message from a base station, the at least one RRC message including parameters of the cell and one or more BWPs associated with the cell. The RRC message may include: an RRC connection reconfiguration message (e.g., RRCReconfiguration); an RRC connection reestablishment message (e.g., RRCRestablishment); and / or an RRC connection setup message (e.g., RRCSetup). Among the one or more BWPs, at least one BWP may be configured as a first active BWP (e.g., BWP 1) and one BWP may be configured as a default BWP (e.g., BWP 0). The wireless device may receive a command to activate the cell (e.g., RRC message, MAC CE, or DCI) in the nth time slot. In the case where the cell is a PCell, the wireless device may not receive a command to activate the cell, for example, once the wireless device receives an RRC message including configuration parameters of the PCell, the wireless device may activate the PCell. The wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH on BWP 1 in response to activating the cell.

[0263] In an example, in response to receiving a DCI indicating a DL assignment on BWP 1, the wireless device may start (or restart) a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., bwp-InactivityTimer) in the mth time slot. When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the wireless device may switch back to the default BWP (e.g., BWP 0) as the active BWP in the sth time slot. When the sCellDeactivationTimer expires (e.g., if the cell is an SCell), the wireless device may deactivate the cell and / or stop the BWP inactivity timer. In response to the cell being a PCell, the wireless device may not deactivate the cell and may not apply the sCellDeactivationTimer to the PCell.

[0264] In an example, the MAC entity may apply normal operations to the active BWP of an activated serving cell configured with a BWP, including: transmitting on UL-SCH; transmitting on RACH; monitoring PDCCH; transmitting PUCCH; receiving DL-SCH; and / or (re)initializing any suspended configured uplink grants of configured grant type 1 according to the stored configuration (if any).

[0265] In an example, on an inactive BWP for each activated service cell configured with a BWP, the MAC entity may: not transmit on UL-SCH; not transmit on RACH; not monitor PDCCH; not transmit PUCCH; not transmit SRS, not receive DL-SCH; clear any configured downlink assignments and configured uplink grants of configured grant type 2; and / or suspend any configured uplink grants of configured type 1.

[0266] In an example, if the MAC entity receives a PDCCH for a BWP switch of a serving cell while a random access procedure associated with this serving cell is not in progress, the wireless device may perform a BWP switch to the BWP indicated by the PDCCH. In an example, if the bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCI format 1_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate an active DL BWP for DL ​​reception from a configured DL BWP set. In an example, if the bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCI format 0_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate an active UL BWP for UL transmission from a configured UL BWP set.

[0267] In an example, for the primary cell, a default DL BWP among the configured DL BWPs may be provided to the wireless device via a higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP. If a default DL BWP is not provided to the wireless device via the higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP, the default DL BWP is the initial active DL BWP. In an example, a timer value for the primary cell may be provided to the wireless device via a higher layer parameter bwp-InactivityTimer. If configured, the wireless device may increment the timer (if running) at intervals of every 1 millisecond for frequency range 1 or every 0.5 millisecond for frequency range 2, if during the interval, the wireless device fails to detect DCI format 1_1 for paired spectrum operation, or if the wireless device fails to detect DCI format 1_1 or DCI format 0_1 ​​for unpaired spectrum operation.

[0268] In an example, if the wireless device is configured for a secondary cell having a higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP indicating a default DL BWP among the configured DL BWPs, and the wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter bwp-InactivityTimer indicating a timer value, the wireless device procedure on the secondary cell can be the same as the wireless device procedure on the primary cell using the timer value for the secondary cell and the default DL BWP for the secondary cell.

[0269] In an example, if the wireless device is configured with a first active DL BWP on a secondary cell or carrier via a higher layer parameter Active-BWP-DL-SCell and a first active UL BWP via a higher layer parameter Active-BWP-UL-SCell, the wireless device may use the indicated DL BWP and the indicated UL BWP on the secondary cell as the corresponding first active DL BWP and first active ULBWP on the secondary cell or carrier.

[0270] In an example, a set of PDCCH candidates to be monitored by a wireless device may be defined in terms of a PDCCH search space set. The search space set includes a CSS set or a USS set. The wireless device monitors PDCCH candidates in one or more of the following search space sets: Type0-PDCCH CSS set configured by pdcch-ConfigSIB1 in MIB or by searchSpaceSIB1 in PDCCH-ConfigCommon or by searchSpaceZero in PDCCH-ConfigCommon for a DCI format with a CRC scrambled by the SI-RNTI on the primary cell of the MCG; Type0A-PDCCH CSS set configured by searchSpaceOtherSystemInformation in PDCCH-ConfigCommon for a DCI format with a CRC scrambled by the SI-RNTI on the primary cell of the MCG; Type1-PDCCH CSS set configured by ra-SearchSpace in PDCCH-ConfigCommon for a DCI format with a CRC scrambled by the RA-RNTI, MsgB-RNTI or TC-RNTI on the primary cell; Type2-PDCCH configured by pagingSearchSpace in PDCCH-ConfigCommon for a DCI format with a CRC scrambled by the P-RNTI on the primary cell of the MCG CSS set; Type3-PDCCH CSS set configured by SearchSpace with searchSpaceType=common in PDCCH-Config for DCI format with CRC scrambled by INT-RNTI, SFI-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI, CI-RNTI or PS-RNTI and only for primary cell, C-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI or CS-RNTI; and USS set configured by SearchSpace with searchSpaceType=ue-Specific in PDCCH-Config for DCI format with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI, MCS-C-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SL-RNTI, SL-CS-RNTI or SL-L-CS-RNTI.

[0271] In an example, the wireless device configures the wireless device based on one or more PDCCH configuration parameters (e.g., based on Fig. 27Example embodiment) determines the PDCCH monitoring opportunity on the active DL BWP, the one or more PDCCH configuration parameters including: PDCCH monitoring periodicity, PDCCH monitoring offset and PDCCH monitoring mode within the time slot. For a search space set (SS), if Then the wireless device determines the number is n f The frame number is There is a PDCCH monitoring opportunity in the time slot. is the number of time slots in the time frame of configuration parameter set μ. s is a PDCCH configuration parameter (e.g., based on Fig. 27 k s is a PDCCH configuration parameter (e.g., based on Fig. 27 The wireless device receives the PDCCH monitoring periodicity indicated in the example embodiment of FIG. Start monitoring PDCCH candidates for the search space set for T s consecutive time slots, and in the next k s -T s No PDCCH candidates are monitored for the search space set s during consecutive time slots. In an example, the USSs at the CCE aggregation level L∈{1,2,4,8,16} are defined by the set of PDCCH candidates for the CCE aggregation level L.

[0272] In an example, the wireless device decides, for a search space set s associated with CORESETp, that for a carrier indicator field value n CI For the active DL BWP of the corresponding serving cell, in the time slot In the search space set, the PDCCH candidates The corresponding CCE index of aggregation level L is For any for Y p,-1 =n RNTI ≠0, for p mod3 = 0A p =39827, for p mod3 = 1A p =39829, for pmod3 = 2A p =39839, and D = 65537; i = 0, ..., L-1; in CORESETp, N CCE,p is the number of CCEs, numbered from 0 to N CCE,p -1; if the wireless device is configured with a carrier indicator field CrossCarrierSchedulingConfig for the serving cell on which to monitor the PDCCH, then nCI is the Carrier Indicator field value; otherwise, including for any CSS, n CI =0; in The wireless device is configured for CI The number of PDCCH candidates monitored for the aggregation level L of the search space set s for the corresponding serving cell; for any CSS, For USS, is the number of n over all configurations of CCE aggregation level L for search space set s CI value The maximum value of RNTI The RNTI value is C-RNTI.

[0273] In an example, the wireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates based on configuration parameters of a search space set including a plurality of search spaces (SSs). The wireless device may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Fig.26 The CORESET may be configured according to an example embodiment of the present invention. Monitoring may include decoding one or more PDCCH candidates in a set of PDCCH candidates according to the monitored DCI format. Monitoring may include decoding DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates having possible (or configured) PDCCH positions, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in a common SS, and / or the number of PDCCH candidates in a UE-specific SS), and possible (or configured) DCI formats. Decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. Possible DCI formats may be based on Fig.23 Example embodiments of the present invention.

[0274] Fig.23 An example of a DCI format is shown, which can be used by a base station to transmit control information to a wireless device, or by a wireless device for PDCCH monitoring. Different DCI formats may include different DCI fields and / or have different DCI payload sizes. Different DCI formats may have different signaling purposes. In the example, DCI format 0_0 can be used to schedule PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_1 ​​can be used to schedule one or more PUSCHs in a cell, or to indicate a CG-DFI (configured grant downlink feedback information) of a configured grant PUSCH, etc. The DCI formats that a wireless device can monitor in an SS can be configured.

[0275] Fig.24AAn example of configuration parameters of a master information block (MIB) of a cell (e.g., PCell) is shown. In the example, based on receiving a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and / or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the wireless device can receive the MIB via the PBCH. The configuration parameters of the MIB may include six bits of the system frame number (SFN) (systemFrameNumber), a subcarrier spacing indication (subCarrierSpacingCommon), a frequency domain offset between the SSB and the entire resource block grid in terms of the number of subcarriers (ssb-SubcarrierOffset), an indication indicating whether the cell is barred (cellBarred), a DMRS position indication indicating the position of the DMRS (dmrs-TypeA-Position), parameters of the CORESET and SS of the PDCCH including the common CORESET (pdcch-ConfigSIB1), a common search space and necessary PDCCH parameters, etc.

[0276] In an example, pdcch-ConfigSIB1 may include a first parameter (e.g., controlResourceSetZero) indicating a common ControlResourceSet (CORESET) with ID #0 (e.g., CORESET #0) of the initial BWP of the cell. controlResourceSetZero may be an integer between 0 and 15. Each integer between 0 and 15 may identify a configuration of CORESET #0.

[0277] Fig. 24B An example of the configuration of CORESET#0 is shown. Fig. 24B As shown, based on the value of the integer of controlResourceSetZero, the wireless device can determine the SSB and CORESET#0 multiplexing mode, the number of RBs of CORESET#0, the number of symbols of CORESET#0, and the RB offset of CORESET#0.

[0278] In an example, pdcch-ConfigSIB1 may include a second parameter (e.g., searchSpaceZero) indicating a common search space with ID#0 (e.g., SS#0) of the initial BWP of the cell. searchSpaceZero may be an integer between 0 and 15. Each integer between 0 and 15 may identify a configuration of SS#0.

[0279] Fig.24C An example of the configuration of SS#0 is shown. Fig.24CAs shown, based on the value of the integer of searchSpaceZero, the wireless device can determine one or more parameters (e.g., O, M) for time slot determination for PDCCH monitoring, the first symbol index for PDCCH monitoring and / or the number of search spaces per time slot.

[0280] In an example, based on receiving the MIB, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH via SS#0 of CORESET#0 for receiving DCI scheduling system information block 1 (SIB1). The SIB1 message may be based on Fig.25 The wireless device may receive a DCI having a CRC scrambled with a system information radio network temporary identifier (SI-RNTI) dedicated to receiving SIB1.

[0281] Fig.25 An example of RRC configuration parameters of a system information block (SIB) is shown. The SIB (e.g., SIB1) can be transmitted to all wireless devices in a broadcast manner. The SIB can contain information related to evaluating whether to allow a wireless device to access a cell, paging configuration, and / or configuration information for scheduling other system information. The SIB can contain radio resource configuration information common to all wireless devices and prohibition information applied to unified access control. In the example, the base station can transmit one or more SIB information to the wireless device (or multiple wireless devices). Fig.25 As shown, the parameters of the one or more SIB information may include: one or more parameters of cell selection related to the serving cell (e.g., cellSelectionInfo), one or more configuration parameters of the serving cell (e.g., represented by ServingCellConfigCommonSIB IE), and one or more other parameters. The ServingCellConfigCommonSIB IE may include at least one of the following: a common downlink parameter of the serving cell (e.g., represented by DownlinkConfigCommonSIB IE), a common uplink parameter of the serving cell (e.g., represented by UplinkConfigCommonSIB IE), and other parameters.

[0282] In an example, the DownlinkConfigCommonSIB IE may include parameters of the initial downlink BWP of the serving cell (eg, SpCell) (initialDownlinkBWP IE). The parameters of the initial downlink BWP may be included in the BWP-DownlinkCommon IE (eg, Fig.26). BWP-DownlinkCommon IE can be used to configure the common parameters of the downlink BWP of the serving cell. The base station can configure locationAndBandwidth so that the initial downlink BWP contains the entire CORESET#0 of the serving cell in the frequency domain. The wireless device can apply locationAndBandwidth after receiving this field (for example, to determine the frequency location of the signal described by this locationAndBandwidth), but it keeps CORESET#0 until RRCSetup / RRCResume / RRCReestablishment is received.

[0283] In an example, the DownlinkConfigCommonSIB IE may include parameters for paging channel configuration. These parameters may include a paging cycle value (T, represented by the defaultPagingCycle IE), a parameter (nAndPagingFrameOffset IE) indicating the total number N of paging frames (PF) and paging frame offsets (PF_offset) in the paging DRX cycle, the number of total paging occasions (PO) for each PF (N), and a first PDCCH monitoring occasion indication parameter (firstPDCCH-MonitoringOccasionofPOIE) indicating the first PDCCH monitoring occasion for paging of each PO of the PF. Based on the parameters of the PCCH configuration, the wireless device may, for example, Fig.28 A and / or Fig.28 The exemplary embodiment of B monitors the PDCCH to receive a paging message.

[0284] In an example, the parameter first-PDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO may be signaled in SIB1 for paging in the initial DL BWP.For paging in a DL BWP other than the initial DL BWP, the parameter first-PDCCH-MonitoringOccasionOfPO may be signaled in the corresponding BWP configuration.

[0285] Fig.26 An example of RRC configuration parameters (e.g., BWP-DownlinkCommon IE) in a downlink BWP of a serving cell is shown. The base station may transmit one or more configuration parameters of a downlink BWP (e.g., an initial downlink BWP) of a serving cell to a wireless device (or multiple wireless devices). Fig.26As shown, one or more configuration parameters of the downlink BWP may include: one or more common BWP parameters of the downlink BWP, one or more cell-specific parameters of the PDCCH of the downlink BWP (e.g., represented by pdcch-ConfigCommon IE), one or more cell-specific parameters of the PDSCH of the BWP (e.g., represented by pdsch-ConfigCommon IE), and one or more other parameters. The pdcch-ConfigCommon IE may include parameters of COESET#0 (e.g., controlResourceSetZero), which may be used in any common or UE-specific search space. The value of controlResourceSetZero may be interpreted like the corresponding bit in the MIB pdcch-ConfigSIB1. The pdcch-ConfigCommon IE may include parameters of an additional common control resource set (e.g., represented by commonControlResourceSet), which may be configured and used in any common or UE-specific search space. If the network configures this field, it uses a ControlResourceSetId other than 0 for this ControlResourceSet. The network configures the commonControlResourceSet in SIB1 so that it is included in the bandwidth of CORESET#0. The pdcch-ConfigCommon IE may include parameters for a list of additional common search spaces (e.g., denoted as commonSearchSpaceList). The parameters of the search space may be based on Fig. 27 The pdcch-ConfigCommon IE may indicate, from the list of search spaces, a search space for paging (e.g., pagingSearchSpace), a search space for a random access procedure (e.g., ra-SearchSpace), a search space for SIB1 messages (e.g., searchSpaceSIB1), a common search space #0 (e.g., searchSpaceZero), and one or more other search spaces.

[0286] like Fig.26 As shown, a control resource set (CORESET) can be associated with a CORESET index (e.g., ControlResourceSetId). Fig.14A and / or Fig. 14BThe described example embodiments implement a CORESET. A CORESET index with a value of 0 may identify a common CORESET configured in the MIB and in ServingCellConfigCommon (controlResourceSetZero) and may not be used in the ControlResourceSet IE. CORESET indexes with other values ​​may identify a CORESET configured by dedicated signaling or in SIB1. The controlResourceSetId is unique among the BWPs of the serving cell. The CORESET may be associated with a coresetPoolIndex indicating an index of a CORESET pool of the CORESET. The CORESET may be associated with a duration parameter (e.g., duration) indicating a continuous duration of the CORESET in a number of symbols. In the example, Fig.26 As shown, the configuration parameters of the CORESET may include at least one of the following: a frequency resource indication (e.g., frequencyDomainResources), a CCE-REG mapping type indicator (e.g., cce-REG-MappingType), multiple TCI states, an indicator indicating whether TCI is present in the DCI, etc. A frequency resource indication including a certain number of bits (e.g., 45 bits) may indicate frequency domain resources, each bit of the indication corresponding to a group of 6 RBs, where the grouping starts from the first RB group in the BWP of the cell (e.g., SpCell, SCell). The first (leftmost / most significant) bit may correspond to the first RB group in the BWP, and so on. A bit set to 1 may indicate that the RB group corresponding to the bit belongs to the frequency domain resources of the CORESET. A bit corresponding to a group of RBs that are not fully contained in the BWP in which the CORESET is configured may be set to zero.

[0287] Fig. 27An example of a configuration of a search space (e.g., SearchSpace IE) is shown. In an example, one or more search space configuration parameters of the search space may include at least one of the following: a search space ID (searchSpaceId), a control resource set ID (controlResourceSetId), a monitoring slot periodicity and offset parameter (monitoringSlotPeriodicityAndOffset), a search space duration value (Duration), a monitoring symbol indication (monitoringSymbolsWithinSlot), the number of candidates for the aggregation level (nrofCandidates), and / or an SS type (searchSpaceType) indicating a common SS type or a UE-specific SS type. The monitoring slot periodicity and offset parameter may indicate a time slot (e.g., in a radio frame) and a time slot offset (e.g., related to the start of a radio frame) for PDCCH monitoring. The monitoring symbol indication may indicate which symbol(s) of a time slot the wireless device may monitor for PDCCH on the SS. The control resource set ID may identify a control resource set on which the SS may be located.

[0288] In an example, a wireless device in an RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state may periodically monitor a paging occasion (PO) to receive a paging message for the wireless device. Prior to monitoring the PO, the wireless device in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state may wake up at a time before each PO to prepare, and / or turn on all components to prepare for data reception (preheating). The interval between wake-up and PO may be long enough to accommodate all processing requirements. After preheating, the wireless device may perform timing acquisition and coarse synchronization from the SSB, frequency and time tracking, time and frequency offset compensation, and / or calibration of the local oscillator. Thereafter, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH for paging DCI in one or more PDCCH monitoring occasions based on the configuration parameters of the PCCH configuration configured in SIB1. The configuration parameters of the PCCH configuration may be based on the above description of Fig.25 The example embodiments described are implemented.

[0289] Fig.28 An example embodiment of a transition between an inactive state and a non-inactive state on an SCell is shown. In an example, a base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including configuration parameters of an SCell to a wireless device, wherein the SCell includes a plurality of BWPs. Among the plurality of BWPs, a first BWP (e.g., Fig.28 The BWP 3 in may be configured as a non-resting BWP, and / or a second BWP (e.g., Fig.28In the example, the default BWP (e.g., Fig.28 In an example, a non-dormant BWP may be a BWP that the wireless device may activate in response to transitioning the SCell from a dormant state to a non-dormant state. In an example, a dormant BWP may be a BWP to which the wireless device may switch in response to transitioning the SCell from a non-dormant state to a dormant state. In an example, a configuration parameter may indicate one or more search spaces and / or CORESETs configured on a non-dormant BWP. A configuration parameter may indicate that a search space is not configured or a CORESET is not configured on a dormant BWP. A configuration parameter may indicate a CSI reporting configuration parameter for a dormant BWP.

[0290] In an example, the default BWP may be different from the dormant BWP. The configuration parameters may indicate one or more search spaces or one or more CORESETs configured on the default BWP. When the BWP inactivity timer expires or a DCI indicating a switch to the default BWP is received, the wireless device may switch to the default BWP as the active BWP. When the default BWP is active, the wireless device may perform at least one of the following: monitoring the PDCCH on the default BWP of the SCell; receiving the PDSCH on the default BWP of the SCell; transmitting the PUSCH on the default BWP of the SCell; transmitting the SRS on the default BWP of the SCell; and / or transmitting a CSI report (e.g., periodic, non-periodic, and / or semi-persistent) for the default BWP of the SCell. In an example, when a dormant / non-dormant indication indicating a dormant state of the SCell is received, the wireless device may switch to the dormant BWP as the active BWP of the SCell. In response to switching to the dormant BWP, the wireless device may perform at least one of the following: suppress PDCCH on the dormant BWP that monitors the SCell (or suppresses monitoring the SCell if the SCell is cross-carrier scheduled by another cell); suppress PDSCH on the dormant BWP that receives the SCell; suppress PUSCH on the dormant BWP that transmits the SCell; suppress SRS on the dormant BWP that transmits the SCell; and / or transmit CSI reports (e.g., periodic, non-periodic, and / or semi-persistent) for the dormant BWP of the SCell.

[0291] like Fig.28As shown, the base station may transmit DCI to the wireless device via a PDCCH resource, the DCI including a dormant / non-dormant indication indicating a dormant state or a non-dormant state of the SCell. In response to the dormant / non-dormant indication indicating the dormant state of the SCell, the wireless device may perform the following operations: if the SCell was in a non-dormant state before receiving the DCI, the SCell is transitioned to a dormant state; or if the SCell was in a dormant state before receiving the DCI, the SCell is maintained in a dormant state. Transitioning the SCell to a dormant state may include switching to a dormant BWP of the SCell (e.g., configured by the base station). In response to the dormant / non-dormant indication indicating a non-dormant state of the SCell, the wireless device may perform the following operations: if the SCell was in a dormant state before receiving the DCI, the SCell is transitioned to a non-dormant state; or if the SCell was in a non-dormant state before receiving the DCI, the SCell is maintained in a non-dormant state. Transitioning the SCell to a non-dormant state may include transitioning to a non-dormant BWP of the SCell (e.g., configured by the base station).

[0292] like Fig.28 As shown, in response to transitioning the SCell from the dormant state to the non-dormant state, the wireless device may switch to a non-dormant BWP configured by the base station (eg, Fig.28 Based on the switch to the non-dormant BWP as the active BWP of the SCell, the wireless device may perform at least one of the following: monitoring the PDCCH on the active BWP of the SCell (or monitoring the PDCCH for the SCell when the SCell is configured to be cross-carrier scheduled by another cell); receiving the PDSCH on the active BWP of the SCell; and / or transmitting the PUCCH / PUSCH / RACH / SRS on the active BWP (for example, if the active BWP is an uplink BWP).

[0293] like Fig.28 As shown, in response to transitioning the SCell from a non-dormant state to a dormant state, the wireless device may switch to a dormant BWP configured by the base station (eg, as Fig.28BWP 1 of the SCell shown). Based on switching to the dormant BWP of the SCell, the wireless device can perform at least one of the following: suppress monitoring of the PDCCH on the dormant BWP of the SCell (or suppress monitoring of the PDCCH for the SCell when the SCell is configured to be cross-carrier scheduled by another cell); suppress receiving the PDSCH on the dormant BWP of the SCell; suppress transmitting the PUCCH / PUSCH / RACH / SRS on the dormant BWP (for example, if the dormant BWP is an uplink BWP); and / or transmit a CSI report for the dormant BWP of the SCell based on the CSI report configuration parameters configured on the dormant BWP of the SCell.

[0294] Fig.29AAn example of a power saving mechanism based on a wake-up indication is shown. A base station may transmit one or more messages including parameters of a wake-up duration (e.g., a power saving duration or a power saving channel (PSCH) opportunity) to a wireless device. The wake-up duration may be a plurality of time slots (or symbols) before the DRX on duration of a DRX cycle. The plurality of time slots (or symbols), or gaps between the wake-up duration and the DRX on duration, may be configured in the one or more RRC messages or predefined as fixed values. The gap may be used for at least one of the following: synchronization with a base station; measurement of a reference signal; and / or retuning RF parameters. The gap may be determined based on the capabilities of the wireless device and / or the base station. In an example, the parameters of the wake-up duration may be predefined without RRC configuration. In an example, the wake-up mechanism may be based on a wake-up indication via the PSCH. The parameters of the wake-up duration may include at least one of the following: a PSCH channel format (e.g., a parameter set, a DCI format, a PDCCH format); a periodicity of the PSCH; a control resource set and / or a search space of the PSCH. When configured with the parameters of the wake-up duration, the wireless device may monitor a wake-up signal or the PSCH during the wake-up duration. When configured with parameters for PSCH timing, the wireless device may monitor the PSCH during the PSCH timing to detect a wake-up indication. In response to receiving a wake-up signal / channel (or a wake-up indication received via the PSCH), the wireless device may wake up in the DRX active time of the next DRX cycle according to the DRX configuration to monitor the PDCCH. In an example, in response to receiving a wake-up indication via the PSCH, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH in the DRX active time (e.g., when the drx-onDurationTimer is running). If the PDCCH is not received during the DRX active time, the wireless device may continue to sleep. The wireless device may remain asleep during the DRX off duration of the DRX cycle. In an example, if the wireless device does not receive a wake-up signal / channel (or a wake-up indication received via the PSCH) during the wake-up duration (or PSCH timing), the wireless device may skip monitoring the PDCCH in the DRX active time. In an example, if the wireless device receives an indication to skip PDCCH monitoring during the wake-up duration (or PSCH timing), the wireless device may skip monitoring the PDCCH in the DRX active time.

[0295] In an example, the power saving mechanism may be based on a sleep indication via the PSCH. Fig.29BAn example of power saving based on sleep indication is shown. In response to receiving a sleep indication via PSCH, the wireless device may continue to sleep and skip monitoring PDCCH during the DRX active time (e.g., the next DRX on duration of the DRX cycle). In the example, if the wireless device does not receive a sleep indication via PSCH during the wake-up duration, the wireless device monitors PDCCH during the DRX active time according to the configuration parameters of the DRX operation. This mechanism can reduce the power consumption of PDCCH monitoring during the DRX active time.

[0296] In the example, you can combine Fig.29A and Fig.29B To implement a power saving mechanism. The base station may transmit a power saving indication in a DCI via a PSCH, indicating whether the wireless device should wake up in a next DRX on duration or skip in a next DRX on duration. The wireless device may receive the DCI via the PSCH. In response to the power saving indication instructing the wireless device to wake up in a next DRX on duration, the wireless device may wake up in the next DRX on duration. In response to the waking up, the wireless device monitors the PDCCH in the next DRX on duration. In response to the power saving indication instructing the wireless device to skip (or fall asleep) in the next DRX on duration, the wireless device falls asleep or skips in the next DRX on duration. In response to the power saving indication indicating that the wireless device may fall asleep in the next DRX on duration, the wireless device skips monitoring the PDCCH in the next DRX on duration.

[0297] In the example, you can expand or combine Fig.28 , Fig.29A and / or Fig.29B One or more embodiments of the present invention can be used to further improve the power consumption of wireless devices and / or the signaling overhead of base stations.

[0298] Fig. 30AAn example of a DCI format 2_0 including one or more search space cluster group (or SSSG) switching indications (or search space cluster group switching flags) is shown. In the example, DCI format 2_0 may include one or more time slot format indicators (e.g., time slot format indicator 1, time slot format indicator 2, ... time slot format indicator N), one or more available RB set indicators, one or more COT duration indications, and one or more SSS group switching flags. In the example, each of the one or more SSS group switching flags may correspond to a corresponding cell group in a plurality of cell groups. Each cell group in the plurality of cell groups may include one or more cells. When set to a first value, an SSS group switching flag in one or more SSS group switching flags corresponding to a cell group may indicate a switch from a first SSS group to a second SSS group for each cell in the cell group. When set to a second value, an SSS group switching flag may indicate a switch from a second SSS group to a first SSS group for each cell in the cell group. The wireless device may be based on Fig. 30B An example embodiment of the present invention is used to perform SSS group switching.

[0299] Fig. 30B Shows a DCI format (eg, DCI format 2_0 or Fig.23 In the example, the searchSpaceGroupIdList (e.g., based on the searchSpaceGroupIdList) can be used to switch the SSS group. Fig. 27 An example embodiment of the present invention provides a group index of a search space set (e.g., a Type3-PDCCH CSS set, a USS set, or any other type of search space set) to a wireless device for PDCCH monitoring on a serving cell.

[0300] In an example, the searchSpaceGroupIdList of the search space set may not be provided to the wireless device. If the search space set is not configured with a searchSpaceGroupIdList, then Fig. 30B The embodiment may not be applicable to PDCCH monitoring of the search space. Fig. 30B In an embodiment, the wireless device may monitor the search space set on the BWP without switching out of the search space set monitored by the PDCCH.

[0301] In an example, if a cellGroupsForSwitchList indicating one or more serving cell groups is provided to a wireless device (e.g., based on Fig.26 ), then Fig. 30BThe embodiment of can be applied to all serving cells in each group. If the wireless device is not provided with cellGroupsForSwitchList, then Fig. 30B The embodiments may only be applied to serving cells for which the wireless device is provided with searchSpaceGroupIdList.

[0302] In an example, if the wireless device is provided with searchSpaceGroupIdList, the wireless device may reset PDCCH monitoring according to the search space set with group index 0 if provided by searchSpaceGroupIdList.

[0303] In an example, the wireless device can searchSpaceSwitchDelay (e.g., Fig.26 As shown in FIG. 1 , a plurality of symbols P are provided based on the wireless device processing capability (eg, wireless device processing capability 1, wireless device processing capability 2, etc.) and the SCS configuration μ. switch Unless the wireless device indicates support for wireless device processing capability 2, the wireless device processing capability 1 for SCS configuration μ may be applied. In the example, the wireless device processing capability 1 of P switch =25 and μ=0, P of wireless device capability 1 switch =25 and μ=1, P of wireless device capability 1 switch =25 and μ=2, P of wireless device capability 2 switch =10 and μ=0, P of wireless device capability 2 switch = 12 and μ = 1, and P of the wireless device capability 2 switch =22 and μ=2, and so on.

[0304] In an example, the searchSpaceSwitchTimer (e.g., Fig.26 The wireless device may provide a timer value in time slots for the serving cells for which the wireless device is provided with searchSpaceGroupIdList, or, if provided, for the set of serving cells provided by cellGroupsForSwitchList. The wireless device may decrement the timer value by one after each time slot based on a reference SCS configuration, which is the smallest SCS configuration μ among all configured DL BWPs in the serving cell or in the set of serving cells. The wireless device may maintain the reference SCS configuration during the timer decrement procedure.

[0305] In an example, searchSpaceSwitchTimer may be defined as a value in time slots for monitoring the PDCCH in the active DL BWP of a serving cell before moving to a default search space group (e.g., search space group 0). For 15kHz SCS, the valid timer value may be one of {1, ..., 20}. For 30kHz SCS, the valid timer value may be one of {1, ..., 40}. For 60kHz SCS, the valid timer value may be one of {1, ..., 80}. In an example, the base station may configure the same timer value for all serving cells in the same CellGroupForSwitch.

[0306] like Fig. 30B As shown, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH on the first SSS group (e.g., the 1st SSS group or the SSS with group index 0) based on the configuration of the SSS group of the BWP of the cell. The SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger may provide the wireless device with the location of the search space cluster group switch flag field of the serving cell in DCI format 2_0. The SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger may be based on Fig. 27 The wireless device may receive a DCI (e.g., Fig. 30B For example, when the value of the SSS group switch flag field in DCI format 2_0 is 1, the DCI may indicate an SSS group switch of the cell. In response to receiving the DCI, the wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH according to the second SSS group (e.g., the 2nd SSS group or the SSS with a group index of 1) and stop monitoring the PDCCH on the first SSS group (or the SSS with a group index of 0 of the serving cell). The wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH on the second SSS group (e.g., the 2nd SSS group or the SSS with a group index of 1) and stop monitoring the PDCCH on the first SSS group (or the SSS with a group index of 0 of the serving cell). The wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH on the second SSS group (e.g., the 2nd SSS group or the SSS with a group index of 1) and stop monitoring the PDCCH at least P after the last symbol of the PDCCH with DCI format 2_0. switch The wireless device may stop monitoring the PDCCH on the first SSS group at the first time slot of a symbol. Based on receiving the DCI, the wireless device may set the timer value of the search space switch timer to the value provided by searchSpaceSwitchTimer.

[0307] In an example, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH on a second SSS group (e.g., the 2nd SSS group or the SSS with a group index of 1) based on the configuration of the SSS group of the BWP of the cell. SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger may provide the wireless device with the location of the search space cluster group switch flag field of the serving cell in DCI format 2_0. The wireless device may receive DCI. The DCI may indicate an SSS group switch of the cell, for example, when the value of the search space cluster group switch flag field in DCI format 2_0 is 0, the wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH according to the search space set with a group index of 0 and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the search space set with a group index of 1 of the serving cell. The wireless device may at least P after the last symbol of the PDCCH with DCI format 2_0. switch At the first time slot of a symbol, start monitoring the PDCCH according to the search space set with group index 0, and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the search space set with group 1.

[0308] In an example, if the wireless device monitors the PDCCH of the serving cell according to a first SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 1), the wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH of the serving cell according to a second SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 0) and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the first SSS group for the serving cell at the beginning of a first time slot that is at least P after the time slot at which the timer expires. switch symbols, or after the last symbol of the remaining channel occupancy duration of the serving cell indicated by DCI format 2_0.

[0309] In an example, the wireless device may not be provided with a SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger for the serving cell, for example, the SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger is not present in the configuration parameters of the SlotFormatIndicator, where the SlotFormatIndicator is configured to monitor the group common PDCCH for a slot format indicator (SFI). In response to not providing the SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger, the DCI format 2_0 may not include the SSS group switch flag field. When the SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger is not provided, if the wireless device detects the DCI format by monitoring the PDCCH according to a first SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 0), the wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH according to a second SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 1) and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the first SSS group for the serving cell. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH at least P after the last symbol of the PDCCH with the DCI format. switch The wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH according to the second SSS group at the first time slot of a symbol and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the first SSS group. If the wireless device detects a DCI format by monitoring the PDCCH in any search space set, the wireless device may set (or restart) the timer value to the value provided by searchSpaceSwitchTimer.

[0310] In an example, the wireless device may not be provided with a SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger for the serving cell. When the SearchSpaceSwitchTrigger is not provided, if the wireless device monitors the PDCCH of the serving cell according to a first SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 1), the wireless device may start monitoring the PDCCH of the serving cell according to a second SSS group (e.g., a search space set with a group index of 0) and stop monitoring the PDCCH according to the first SSS group for the serving cell at the beginning of a first time slot that is at least P after the time slot where the timer expires. switch symbols, or if the wireless device is provided with a search space set to monitor the PDCCH to detect DCI format 2_0, after the last symbol of the remaining channel occupancy duration of the serving cell indicated by DCI format 2_0.

[0311] In an example, the wireless device may determine the time slots and symbols in the time slots to start or stop PDCCH monitoring based on the search space set of the serving cell for which searchSpaceGroupIdList is provided to the wireless device, or if cellGroupsForSwitchList is provided, μ determines the time slots and symbols in the time slots to start or stop PDCCH monitoring for the serving cell set based on the minimum SCS configuration in all configured DL BWPs in the serving cell or in the serving cell set, and if any, in the serving cell of the corresponding DCI format 2_0 that receives the PDCCH and detects the start or stop of PDCCH monitoring based on the search space set.

[0312] In an example, a wireless device may perform a PDCCH skipping mechanism for power saving operation. Fig.31 An example of power saving operation based on PDCCH skipping is shown.

[0313] In an example, the base station may transmit one or more RRC messages to the wireless device, the RRC message including configuration parameters of the PDCCH of the BWP of the cell (eg, based on the above description of Fig.26 and / or Fig. 27 Based on the configuration parameters of the PDCCH, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH on the BWP. The BWP may be an active downlink BWP. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH on the BWP based on the configuration parameters of the PDCCH. Fig. 22 The example embodiments are described to activate the BWP.

[0314] like Fig.31 As shown, the wireless device may receive a first DCI (e.g., the 1st DCI) indicating that the PDCCH is skipped with a time window. The time value of the time window may be indicated by the first DCI, or configured by one or more RRC messages. In response to receiving the first DCI, the wireless device may stop monitoring the PDCCH on the BWP. Stopping monitoring the PDCCH on the BWP may include stopping monitoring the PDCCH on one or more SSS groups configured on the BWP. The wireless device maintains the active state of the BWP. The first DCI may not indicate an active BWP switch. In the example, during the time window (or when a timer associated with the time window is running), the base station may not transmit the PDCCH to the wireless device.

[0315] like Fig.31As shown, when the time window expires, the wireless device can resume PDCCH monitoring on the BWP. Based on resuming PDCCH monitoring, the wireless device can receive a second DCI (e.g., a 2nd DCI) that schedules a TB via the PDSCH. The wireless device can receive a TB via the PDSCH scheduled by the second DCI. In the example, in response to the time window expiring, the base station can transmit the second DCI to the wireless device.

[0316] In an example, a base station may periodically transmit one or more SSBs to a wireless device or multiple wireless devices. A wireless device (in an RRC_idle state, an RRC_inactive state, or an RRC_connected state) may use one or more SSBs to synchronize time and frequency with a cell of a base station. SSBs including a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and a PBCH DM-RS may be based on the above description of the SSBs. Fig.11A The example embodiments described are transmitted. Fig.11A As shown, an SSB may occupy multiple (e.g., 4) OFDM symbols. A base station may transmit one or more SSBs in an SSB burst, for example, to implement beam scanning for PSS / SSS and PBCH. An SSB burst includes a group of SSBs, each SSB potentially transmitted on a different beam. The SSBs in an SSB burst may be transmitted in a time division multiplexed manner. In an example, an SSB burst may always be limited to a 5 ms window and be located in the first half or the second half of a 10 ms radio frame. In this specification, an SSB burst may be equivalently referred to as a transmission window (e.g., 5 ms) in which the group of SSBs is transmitted.

[0317] In an example, the base station may indicate the transmission periodicity of the SSB via an RRC message (e.g., ssb-PeriodicityServingCell in ServingCellConfigCommonSIB of SIB1 message, such as Fig.25 The candidate values ​​of the transmission periodicity can be in the range of {5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms}. The maximum number of candidate SSBs in an SSB burst (L max ) depends on the carrier frequency / band of the cell. In the example, if f c <=3GHz, then L max =4, where f c is the carrier frequency of the cell. If 3GHz <fc <= 6 GHz, then L max = 8. If f c >= 6 GHz, then L max = 64 etc.

[0318] In an example, the starting OFDM symbol index of candidate SSBs (occupying 4 OFDM symbols) within an SSB burst (5 ms) can depend on the subcarrier spacing (SCS) of the cell and the carrier frequency band.

[0319] Fig.32 Shows an example embodiment of the determination of the starting OFDM symbol index.

[0320] As Fig.32 shown, for a cell configured with 15 kHz and a carrier frequency fc < 3 GHz (L max = 4), the starting OFDM symbol indices of the SSBs in the SSB burst are 2, 8, 16, and 22. The OFDM symbols in a half-frame are indexed, where the first symbol of the first time slot is indexed as 0. For a cell configured with 15 kHz and a carrier frequency 3 GHz < fc < 6 GHz (L max = 8), the starting OFDM symbol indices of the SSBs in the SSB burst are 2, 8, 16, 22, 30, 36, 44, and 50 etc. In an example, when the base station does not transmit the SSB using beamforming, the base station can transmit only one SSB by using the first SSB starting position.

[0321] Fig.33 Shows an example embodiment of the SSB transmission of a cell by the base station. In Fig.33 the example, the SCS of the cell is 15 kHz, and the cell is configured with 3 GHz < fc <= 6 GHz. Based on Fig.32 the example embodiment, the maximum number of candidate SSBs in the SSB burst is 8 (Lmax = 8). As Fig.33 shown, SSB#1 starts at symbol #2 among the 70 symbols within 5 ms, SSB#2 starts at symbol #8, SSB#3 starts at symbol #16, SSB#4 starts at symbol #22, SSB#5 starts at symbol #30, SSB#6 starts at symbol #36, SSB#7 starts at symbol #44, and SSB#8 starts at symbol 50. The SSB burst is transmitted in the first half (not the second half as Fig.33 shown) of a radio frame having 10 ms.

[0322] In an example, the SSB burst (also for each SSB of the SSB burst) can be transmitted with a certain periodicity. In Fig.33In the example of , the default periodicity of the SSB burst is 20ms, for example, before the wireless device receives the SIB1 message for initial access to the cell. A base station with a 20ms transmission periodicity of SSB (or SSB burst) can transmit the SSB burst in the first 5ms of every 20ms. The base station does not transmit the SSB burst in the remaining 15ms of every 20ms.

[0323] In an example embodiment, the base station may transmit an RRC message (e.g., SIB1) indicating cell-specific configuration parameters for SSB transmission. The cell-specific configuration parameters may include a value for the transmission periodicity of the SSB burst (ssb-PeriodicityServingCell), a location of multiple SSBs (e.g., active SSBs) among multiple candidate SSBs included in the SSB burst. The multiple candidate SSBs may be based on the above description of Fig.32 The cell-specific configuration parameters may include a position indication of an SSB in an SSB burst (e.g., ssb-PositionsInBurst). The position indication may include a first bitmap (e.g., groupPresence) and a second bitmap (e.g., inOneGroup) indicating the positions of multiple SSBs included in the SSB burst.

[0324] Fig.34 An example embodiment of an SSB position indication in an SSB burst is shown.

[0325] exist Fig.34 In the example of , the maximum number of candidate SSBs in an SSB burst is 64. The candidate SSBs may include SSBs with indices from 0 to 63. The first bitmap (groupPresence) (configured by the SIB1 message) may include a certain number of bits (e.g., 8), each bit corresponding to a corresponding group in the SSB groups of a plurality of SSBs in the SSB burst (which may be the maximum number of candidate SSBs). Fig.34In the example of, the first bit (e.g., the leftmost bit of the first bitmap) may correspond to the first SSB group including the 1st SSB (SSB index is 0), the 2nd SSB (SSB index is 1) ... and the 8th SSB (SSB index is 7). The second bit (e.g., the second bit of the first bitmap) may correspond to the second SSB group including the 9th SSB (SSB index is 8), the 10th SSB (SSB index is 9) ... and the 16th SSB (SSB index is 15). The last bit (e.g., the rightmost bit of the first bitmap) may correspond to the 8th SSB group including the 57th SSB (SSB index is 56), the 58th SSB (SSB index is 57) ... and the 64th SSB (SSB index is 63), etc. In an example embodiment, an SSB may belong to at most one SSB group in the first SSB group. The bit of the first bitmap may indicate whether the base station transmits the SSB group corresponding to the bit in the SSB burst. In the example, a bit set to a first value (e.g., 1) may indicate that the corresponding SSB group is transmitted by the base station in the SSB burst. In an example, a bit set to a second value (eg, 0) may indicate that the corresponding SSB group is not transmitted by the base station in an SSB burst, and vice versa.

[0326] like Fig.34 As shown, the second bitmap (inOneGroup) (configured by the SIB1 message) may include a certain number of bits (e.g., 8), each bit corresponding to a corresponding group in the SSB groups of the plurality of SSBs in the SSB burst. Fig.34 In the example, the first bit (e.g., the leftmost bit of the second bitmap) may correspond to the first SSB group including the 1st SSB (SSB index is 0), the 2nd SSB (SSB index is 8) ... and the 8th SSB (SSB index is 56). The second bit (e.g., the second bit of the second bitmap) may correspond to the second SSB group including the 1st SSB (SSB index is 1), the 2nd SSB (SSB index is 9) ... and the 8th SSB (SSB index is 57). The last bit (e.g., the rightmost bit of the second bitmap) may correspond to the 8th SSB group including the 1st SSB (SSB index is 7), the 2nd SSB (SSB index is 15) ... and the 8th SSB (SSB index is 63), etc. In the example, the SSB may belong to at most one SSB group in the second SSB group. The bit of the second bitmap may indicate whether the base station transmits the SSB group corresponding to the bit in the SSB burst. In the example, the bit set to the first value (e.g., 1) may indicate that the corresponding SSB group is transmitted by the base station in the SSB burst. In an example, a bit set to a second value (eg, 0) may indicate that the corresponding SSB group is not transmitted by the base station in an SSB burst, and vice versa.

[0327] exist Fig.34In the example, for the first bitmap, multiple SSBs (e.g., SSB indices are 0 to 63) can be grouped into a first SSB group, each SSB including an SSB with a consecutive SSB index. The first SSB group in the first SSB group includes SSBs with SSB indices from 0 to 7, the second SSB group includes SSB indices from 8 to 15, and so on. For the second bitmap, multiple SSBs can also be grouped into a second SSB group, each SSB including SSBs with discontinuous SSB indices. The first SSB group in the second SSB group includes SSBs with SSB indices of {0, 8, 16, ...56}, and the SSB index gap between two adjacent SSB indices is 8. The second SSB group in the second SSB group includes SSBs with SSB indices of {1, 9, 17, ...57}, and so on.

[0328] In an example embodiment, when fc≤3 GHz, the maximum number of SSBs within an SS burst is equal to four, and the wireless device may determine that the four leftmost bits of a bitmap (e.g., a first bitmap and / or a second bitmap) are valid. The wireless device may ignore the 4 rightmost bits of the first bitmap and / or the second bitmap.

[0329] exist Fig.34 In the example of , the first bitmap may be indicated by the base station as {1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0}, and the second bitmap may be indicated as {1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0}. Based on the grouping configuration of the first SSB group and the second SSB group, the base station may transmit SSBs with indices of {0 1 16 17} in the SSB burst.

[0330] In an example, the base station may transmit a master information block (MIB) on the PBCH to indicate configuration parameters of a wireless device that monitors the PDCCH to schedule SIB1 messages (for CORESET#0). The base station may transmit the MIB message with a transmission periodicity of 80 ms. The same MIB message may be repeated within 80 ms (according to the SSB periodicity). The content of the MIB message is the same within the 80 ms period. The same MIB is transmitted on all SSBs within an SS burst. In an example, the PBCH may indicate that there is no associated SIB1, in which case the wireless device may point to another frequency from which to search for the SSB associated with SIB1 and the wireless device may assume that there is no frequency range for the SSB associated with SIB1. The indicated frequency range may be limited to within a continuous spectrum allocation of the same operator where the SSB was detected.

[0331] In an example, the base station may transmit SIB1 messages with a periodicity of 160 ms. The base station may transmit the same SIB1 message with a variable transmission repetition periodicity within 160 ms. The default transmission repetition periodicity of SIB1 is 20 ms. The base station may determine the actual transmission repetition periodicity based on the network implementation. In an example, for SSB and CORESET multiplexing mode 1, the SIB1 repetition transmission periodicity is 20 ms. For SSB and CORESET multiplexing modes 2 / 3, the SIB1 transmission repetition period is the same as the SSB period. SIB1 may include information about the availability and scheduling of other SIBs (e.g., mapping of SIBs to SI messages, periodicity, SI window size), an indication of whether one or more SIBs are provided only on demand, and configuration parameters required for the wireless device to perform the SI request in this case.

[0332] Fig.35 An example of a table showing CSI-RS resource configuration parameters. The CSI-RS resource may be transmitted with a number of antenna ports, CDM type, density (in terms of RE / port / PRB used for CSI-RS resources). In an example, a base station may transmit one or more CSI-RS to a wireless device (or a group of wireless devices). The one or more CSI-RS may be implemented based on the example embodiment described above with respect to FIG. 11. The CSI-RS may be based on a reference signal sequence. The wireless device may determine the reference signal sequence r(m) as where c(i) is a pseudo-random sequence, where the pseudo-random sequence generator is used at the beginning of each OFDM symbol. Initialization, where is the number of slots in a radio frame, l is the number of OFDM symbols in a slot, and n ID Equal to the higher-level parameter scramblingID or sequenceGenerationConfig. It can be based on the Fig.36 The example embodiments implement scramblingID or sequenceGenerationConfig.

[0333] In an example, for each configured CSI-RS, the wireless device may determine the mapping to the resource element (k, l) according to the following equation: p,μ The sequence r(m)

[0334]

[0335] n=0,1,...

[0336] When the following conditions are met: resource element (k, l)_(p, μ) is within the resource block occupied by the CSI-RS resource that the wireless device is configured for.

[0337] In the example, the reference point for k=0 is subcarrier 0 in common resource block 0. The value of p is given by the higher layer parameter density in the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE or CSI-RS-CellMobility IE, and the number of ports X is given by the higher layer parameter nrofPort.

[0338] In an example, it is not desirable for a wireless device to receive CSI-RS and DM-RS on the same resource elements.

[0339] In an example, the wireless device may assume (or determine) β CSIRS >0 for non-zero power CSI-RS, where β is selected CSIRS Such that the power offset specified by the higher layer parameter powerControlOffsetSS in the NZP-CSI-RS-Resource IE is met (if provided). NZP-CSI-RS is a CSI-RS with non-zero power transmission, in contrast to ZP-CSI-RS which is a CSI-RS with zero power transmission.

[0340] In the example, the quantities k', l', w f (k′) and w t (l') is given by one or more tables (e.g. Fig.35 The one or more tables may also be implemented based on Tables 7.4.1.5.3-1 to 7.4.1.5.3-5 of TS 38.211, wherein each Corresponds to a CDM group of size 1 (no CDM) or size 2, 4 or 8. The CDM type is provided by the higher layer parameter cdm-Type in the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE. The indices k' and l' refer to resource elements within a CDM group.

[0341] In an example, the time domain positions l0∈{0,1,…,13} and l1∈{2,3,…,12} are provided by higher layer parameters firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain and firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain2 in the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE or CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility IE, respectively, and are defined relative to the start of the time slot.

[0342] In an example, the frequency domain location is given by a bitmap provided by the higher layer parameter frequencyDomainAllocation in the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE or CSI-RS-ResourceConfigMobility IE, where the bitmap and k in the table i The value of is given by the following formula (such as Fig.35 (shown)

[0343] -[b3…b0], k i-1 =f(i) for Fig.35 Row 1 of the table

[0344] -[b 11 …b0], k i-1 =f(i) for Fig.35 Row 2 of the table

[0345] -[b2…b0], k i-1 =4f(i) for Fig.35 Row 4 of the table

[0346] -[b5…b0], k i-1 = 2f(i) for all other cases, where f(i) is the i bit in the bitmap that is set to one th The number of bits across each resource block configured for CSI-RS reception by the wireless device. The wireless device may assume that the starting position and number of resource blocks for transmitting CSI-RS are given by the higher layer parameters freqBand and density in the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE for the bandwidth part given by the higher layer parameter BWP-Id in the CSI-ResourceConfig IE or by the higher layer parameter nrofPRB in the CSI-RS-CellMobility IE, where the startPRB given by csi-rs-MeasurementBW is relative to the common resource block 0.

[0347] In an example, the wireless device may determine to transmit the CSI-RS using antenna port p numbered according to the following equation:

[0348] p = 3000 + s + jL;

[0349] j=0,1,...,N / L-1

[0350] s=0,1,...,L-1;

[0351] Where s is the sequence index provided by Tables 7.4.1.5.3-2 to 7.4.1.5.3-5 of TS 38.211, L∈{1,2,4,8} is the CDM group size, and N is the number of CSI-RS ports. Table 7.4.1.5.3-1 (as Fig.35 The CDM group index j given in FIG. 1 corresponds to the time / frequency position of a given row of the table. CDM groups are numbered in the order of increasing frequency domain allocation first and then increasing time domain allocation. For CSI-RS resources configured as periodic or semi-persistent by the higher layer parameter resourceType or configured by the higher layer parameter CSI-RS-CellMobility, the wireless device may assume that the CSI-RS is transmitted in a time slot that satisfies the following conditions:

[0352]

[0353] The periodicity T CSI-RS (in time slots) and the time slot offset T offset Obtained from higher layer parameter CSI-ResourcePeriodicityAndOffset or slotConfig. The wireless device may assume that the CSI-RS is transmitted in the candidate slot as described in clause 11.1 of TS 38.213.

[0354] In an example, the wireless device may assume that the antenna ports within the CSI-RS resources are quasi-co-located with QCL Type A, Type D (when applicable), and average gain.

[0355] Fig.36 An example of RRC configuration parameters for CSI-RS resources is shown. In the example, a base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including configuration parameters for CSI-RS resources to a wireless device (or a group of wireless devices). The one or more RRC messages may be cell-specific RRC messages (which may apply to all wireless devices) or wireless device-specific RRC messages (which may be dedicated to the wireless device receiving the message). The one or more RRC messages may include a CSI-RS-resourceMapping IE to configure resource element mapping of CSI-RS resources in the time domain and the frequency domain.

[0356] like Fig.36As shown, the CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE can include frequency domain allocation indication (through frequencyDomainAllocation), the number of antenna ports (through nrofPort), the first time domain parameter (firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain), the second time domain parameter (firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain2), the CDM type indicator, the density indication, and the frequency band indication for each CSI-RS resource. For CSI-RS resources, the density indication can indicate 0.5, 1, or 3 RE / port / PRB for X=1, 0.5 or 1 for X=2, 16, 24, or 32, and 1 for X=4, 8, 12.

[0357] like Fig.36 As shown, the CSI-RS resource (e.g., non-zero CSI-RS (NZP-CSI-RS)) can be configured by the base station using an RRC message (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-Resource IE). The NZP-CSI-RS-Resource IE can configure the CSI-RS resource with an NZP-CSI-RS resource ID (or index), a resource mapping indication (CSI-RS-ResourceMapping), one or more power control parameters (e.g., powerControlOffset, powerControlOffsetSS), a scrambling ID, a periodicity and offset indication, a QCL indication, etc.

[0358] In an example, the base station may configure multiple CSI-RS resource sets, each CSI-RS resource set including multiple CSI-RS resources. Fig.36 As shown, the CSI-RS resource set can be configured by NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet IE. The CSI-RS resource set can be configured with parameters including CSI-RS resource set ID (or index), number of CSI-RS resource IDs, repetition indication (indication on or off), etc.

[0359] In an example, the base station may configure multiple CSI resource configurations. Fig.36 As shown, the CSI resource configuration can be configured by the base station using an RRC message (e.g., CSI-ResourceConfig IE). The CSI-ResourceConfig IE can indicate the CSI resource configuration ID, the number of NZP-CSI-RS-resource sets, the number of SSB resource sets, the BWP ID, and the resource type indication (indicating whether the resource is a non-periodic resource, a semi-persistent resource, or a periodic resource) for the CSI resource configuration.

[0360] Fig.37A and Fig.37B Based on the above Fig.35 and / or Fig.36 An example of CSI-RS resources with configuration parameters is described.

[0361] In the example, Fig.37A As shown, a CSI-RS resource with 1 port and density 3 (e.g., 3 RE / port / RB) may be mapped to RE#1, 5, 9 in a resource block (RB) in OFDM symbol #4 in 14 symbols of a time slot. The anchor RE for RE#1, 5, and 9 may be RE#1, which may be indicated in a CSI-RS resource configuration parameter (e.g., via NZP-CSI-RS-Resource (i.e., CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE and / or Fig.35 )). A CSI-RS resource with 2 ports and density 1 (e.g., 1 RE / port / RB) may be mapped to RE#2 and RE#3 in OFDM symbol #7 in 14 symbols of a time slot. A CSI-RS resource with 4 ports and density 1 (e.g., 1 RE / port / RB) may be mapped to RE#8, RE#9, RE#10, and RE#11 in OFDM symbol #10 in 14 symbols of a time slot.

[0362] In the example, Fig.37B As shown, a CSI-RS resource with 16 ports and density 1 (e.g., 1 RE / port / RB) can be mapped to 4 CDM groups (e.g., CDM group 0, CDM group 1, CDM group 2, CDM group 3). Each CDM group occupies different 4 REs (two pairs of REs in two consecutive OFDM symbols). In the example, CDM group 0 occupies RE#0 and RE#1 of OFDM symbols #3 and #4. CDM group 1 occupies RE#4 and RE#5 of OFDM symbols #3 and #4. CDM group 2 occupies RE#8 and RE#9 of OFDM symbols #3 and #4. CDM group 3 occupies RE#10 and RE#11 of OFDM symbols #3 and #4. Within the CDM group, 4 ports are code division multiplexed on 4 REs with 2×2 orthogonal codes (e.g., based on Table 7.4.1.5.3-4 of TS 38.211).

[0363] Fig.38 An example of a CS-RS resource set is shown. The base station may transmit an RRC message including configuration parameters for multiple CSI-RS resource sets, each CSI-RS resource set including multiple CSI-RS resources (e.g., based on Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A and / or Fig.37BThe configuration of the CSI-RS resource set may enable the base station to transmit each CSI-RS resource set indication to save signaling overhead. Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A and / or Fig.37B The described example embodiments implement one CSI-RS resource among the plurality of CSI-RS resources.

[0364] like Fig.38 As shown, the base station may configure multiple CSI-RS resource sets (e.g., CSI-RS resource set 1, CSI-RS resource set 2, ..., CSI-RS resource set N). Each CSI-RS resource set may include overlapping CSI-RS resources or non-overlapping CSI-RS resources. In the example, CSI-RS resource set 1 may include CSI-RS resource 0, CSI-RS resource 1, CSI-RS resource 2, etc. CSI-RS resource set 2 may include CSI-RS resource 3, CSI-RS resource 4, etc. CSI-RS resource set N may include CSI-RS resource 5 ... and CSI-RS resource 191, etc.

[0365] In an example, each CSI-RS resource set may be configured with a repetition indicator.

[0366] In an example, in response to the repetition indicator of the CSI-RS resource set being set to 'off', the base station may transmit each CSI-RS resource of the CSI-RS resource set using a different spatial domain filter (or transmission beam). Based on transmitting each CSI-RS resource in a different beam, the wireless device may perform downlink beam management (e.g., Fig. 12A The downlink beam management can be based on the above description of Fig. 12A and / or Fig. 12B The example embodiments described may be implemented.

[0367] In an example, in response to the repetition indicator of the CSI-RS resource set being set to 'on', the base station may transmit each CSI-RS resource of the CSI-RS resource set using the same spatial domain filter (or transmit beam). Based on transmitting each CSI-RS resource in the same beam, the wireless device may perform downlink beam management (e.g., Fig. 12A P3 in , to identify the best receive beam at the wireless device for receiving the CSI-RS resource set).

[0368] exist Fig.38In the example of , CSI-RS resource set 1 is associated with a repetition indicator set to 'off', where the base station can transmit CSI-RS#0, CSI-RS#1, and CSI-RS#2 with different transmission beams. CSI-RS resource set 2 is associated with a repetition indicator set to 'on', where the base station can transmit CSI-RS#3 and CSI-RS#4 with the same transmission beam. CSI-RS resource set N is associated with a repetition indicator set to 'off', where the base station can transmit CSI-RS#5 and CSI-RS#191 with different transmission beams.

[0369] based on Fig.37A , Fig.37B and / or Fig.38 In an example embodiment of the present invention, the base station can flexibly configure CSI-RS resources and CSI-RS resource sets. Using the configured CSI-RS resources and CSI-RS resource sets, the wireless device can perform beam management procedures and / or measure channel quality and / or transmit CSI reports to the base station.

[0370] In an example, the wireless device may transmit periodic CSI reports, aperiodic CSI reports, and / or semi-persistent CSI reports to the base station. The time and frequency resources that may be used by the wireless device to report CSI are controlled by the base station. The CSI may consist of a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), a SS / PBCH block resource indicator (SSBRI), a layer indicator (LI), a rank indicator (RI), L1-RSRP, or L1-SINR.

[0371] Fig.39 An example of RRC configuration of CSI reporting configuration is shown. In the example, for CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, the wireless device is configured by higher layers with N≥1 CSI-ReportConfig report settings (e.g., Fig.39 As shown), M≥1 CSI-ResourceConfig resource settings (for example, based on the above Fig.36The example embodiments described herein) and one or two lists of trigger states (given by higher layer parameters CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList and CSI-SemiPersistentOnPUSCH-TriggerStateList). Each trigger state in the CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList contains a list of associated CSI-ReportConfigs indicating the resource set IDs for the channel and optionally for interference. Each trigger state in the CSI-SemiPersistentOnPUSCH-TriggerStateList contains one associated CSI-ReportConfig.

[0372] based on Fig.39 Each reporting configuration CSI-ReportConfig is associated with a single downlink BWP (indicated by a higher layer parameter BWP-Id) given in the associated CSI-ResourceConfig for channel measurement and contains parameters for one CSI reporting band: codebook configuration including codebook subset restrictions, time domain behavior, frequency granularity for CQI and PMI, measurement restriction configuration, and CSI related quantities to be reported by the wireless device, such as Layer Indicator (LI), L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, CRI and SSBRI (SSB Resource Indicator).

[0373] based on Fig.39, the time domain behavior of the CSI-ReportConfig is indicated by the higher layer parameter reportConfigType and can be set to 'aperiodic', 'semiPersistentOnPUCCH', 'semiPersistentOnPUSCH' or 'periodic'. For 'periodic' and 'semiPersistentOnPUCCH' / 'semiPersistentOnPUSCH' CSI reports, the configured periodicity and slot offset apply to the parameter set of the UL BWP on which the CSI report is configured to be transmitted. The higher layer parameter reportQuantity indicates the CSI-related, L1-RSRP-related or L1-SINR-related quantity to be reported. reportFreqConfiguration indicates the reporting granularity in the frequency domain, including the CSI reporting band and whether the PMI / CQI report is wideband or subband. The timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements parameter in CSI-ReportConfig can be configured to enable time domain restrictions for channel measurements, and timeRestrictionForInterferenceMeasurements can be configured to enable time domain restrictions for interference measurements. CSI-ReportConfig may also contain CodebookConfig, which contains configuration parameters for configuration of Type-I, Type-II, enhanced Type-IIICSI, or further enhanced Type-II port selection (including codebook subset restriction when applicable) and group-based reporting.

[0374] In the example, each CSI resource sets a CSI-ResourceConfig (e.g., Fig.36 The configuration of a list of S≥1 CSI resource sets (given by the higher layer parameter csi-RS-ResourceSetList) is shown in Figure 1, wherein the list includes references to either or both of the NZP CSI-RS resource set and the SS / PBCH block set, or the list includes references to the CSI-IM resource set. Each CSI resource set is located in a DL BWP identified by the higher layer parameter BWP-id, and all CSI resource sets linked to a CSI report set have the same DL BWP.

[0375] In an example, the time domain behavior of the CSI-RS resources within a CSI resource setting is indicated by a higher layer parameter resourceType and can be set to aperiodic, periodic, or semi-persistent (e.g., based on Fig.36For periodic and semi-persistent CSI resource settings, when the wireless device is configured with group-based beam reporting, the number of configured CSI resource sets is S=2, otherwise, the number of configured CSI-RS resource sets is limited to S=1.

[0376] For periodic and semi-persistent CSI resource settings, the configured periodicity and slot offset are given in the parameter set of its associated DL BWP given by BWP-id. When a wireless device is configured with multiple CSI-ResourceConfigs including the same NZP CSI-RS resource ID, the same time domain behavior may be configured for the CSI-ResourceConfigs. When a wireless device is configured with multiple CSI-ResourceConfigs including the same CSI-IM resource ID, the same time domain behavior may be configured for the CSI-ResourceConfigs. All CSI resource settings linked to a CSI reporting setting may have the same time domain behavior.

[0377] In an example, for L1-SINR measurement, when one resource setting is configured, the resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement) is for channel and interference measurements on NZP CSI-RS for L1-SINR calculation. The wireless device may assume the same 1-port NZP CSI-RS resource with density 3RE / RB for both channel and interference measurements.

[0378] In an example, for L1-SINR measurement, when two resource settings are configured, the first resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement) is for channel measurement on SSB or NZP CSI-RS, and the second (given by the higher layer parameter csi-IM-ResourcesForInterference or the higher layer parameter

[0379] nzp-CSI-RS-ResourcesForInterference is given) is used for interference measurement performed on CSI-IM or on 1-port NZP CSI-RS with density 3RE / RB, where each SSB or NZP CSI-RS resource for channel measurement is associated with one CSI-IM resource or one NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, which is achieved by sorting the SSB or NZP CSI-RS resources for channel measurement and the CSI-IM resources or NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement in the corresponding resource set. The number of SSB or CSI-RS resources used for channel measurement is equal to the number of CSI-IM resources or the number of NZP CSI-RS resources used for interference measurement. In this case, the wireless device may apply SSB or 'typeD' RS configured with qcl-type set to 'typeD' to the NZP CSI-RS resources for channel measurement as a reference RS used to determine the 'typeD' hypothesis of the corresponding CSI-IM resources or corresponding NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement for one CSI report configuration. The wireless device may expect that the NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurement and the NZP-CSI-RS resource set for interference measurement (if any) are configured with higher layer parameters repetition.

[0380] In the example, for semi-persistent or periodic CSI, each CSI-ReportConfig is linked to a periodic or semi-persistent resource setting. When one resource setting is configured (given by the higher layer parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement), the resource setting is for channel measurement for L1-RSRP or channel and interference measurement for L1-SINR calculation. When two resource settings are configured, the first resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement) is for channel measurement, and the second resource setting (given by csi-IM-ResourcesForInterference) is for interference measurement performed on CSI-IM. For L1-SINR calculation, the second resource setting (given by the higher layer parameter csi-IM-ResourcesForInterference or the higher layer parameter nzp-CSI-RS-ResourceForInterference) is for interference measurement performed on CSI-IM or NZP CSI-RS.

[0381] In an example, for L1-RSRP calculation, when quasi-co-located in terms of resources with 'Type C' and 'Type D' (when applicable), the wireless device can be configured with CSI-RS resources, SS / PBCH block resources, or both CSI-RS and SS / PBCH block resources. The wireless device can be configured with CSI-RS resource settings of up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets, with up to 64 resources in each set. The total number of different CSI-RS resources in all resource sets does not exceed 128.

[0382] In an example, for L1-RSRP reporting, if the higher layer parameter nrofReportedRS in CSI-ReportConfig is configured to one, the reported L1-RSRP value is defined by a 7-bit value in the range [-140, -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB, if the higher layer parameter nrofReportedRS is configured to be greater than one, or if the higher layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting is configured to 'enabled', or if the higher layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting-r17 is configured, the wireless device may use differential L1-RSRP based reporting, where the maximum measured value of L1-RSRP is quantized to a 7-bit value in the range [-140, -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB, and the differential L1-RSRP is quantized to a 4-bit value. The differential L1-RSRP value is calculated with reference to the maximum measured L1-RSRP value as part of the same L1-RSRP reporting instance in 2 dB steps. The mapping between reported L1-RSRP values ​​and measured quantities is described in TS 38.133.

[0383] In an example, when the higher layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting-r17 in CSI-ReportConfig is configured, the wireless device may indicate the CSI resource set associated with the maximum measured value of L1-RSRP, and for each group, the CRI or SSBRI of the indicated CSI resource set is present first.

[0384] In an example, if the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to "notConfigured", the wireless device may derive channel measurements for calculating the L1-RSRP value reported in uplink timeslot n based only on the SS / PBCH or NZP CSI-RS (defined in TS 38.211) associated with the CSI resource setting that is no later than the CSI reference resource.

[0385] In an example, if the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to "Configured", the wireless device may derive channel measurements for calculating L1-RSRP reported in uplink timeslot n only based on the latest timing of the SS / PBCH or NZP CSI-RS (defined in TS 38.211) associated with the CSI resource setting that is no later than the CSI reference resource.

[0386] In an example, for L1-SINR calculation, for channel measurement, the wireless device may be configured with NZP CSI-RS resources and / or SS / PBCH block resources, and for interference measurement, the wireless device may be configured with NZP CSI-RS or CSI-IM resources. For channel measurement, the wireless device may be configured with a CSI-RS resource setting with up to 16 resource sets, for a total of up to 64 CSI-RS resources or up to 64 SS / PBCH block resources.

[0387] In an example, for L1-SINR reporting, if the higher layer parameter nrofReportedRS in CSI-ReportConfig is configured to one, the reported L1-SINR value is defined by a 7-bit value in the range [-23, 40] dB with a step size of 0.5 dB, and if the higher layer parameter nrofReportedRS is configured to be greater than one, or if the higher layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting is configured to 'enabled', the wireless device may use differential L1-SINR based reporting, where the maximum measured value of L1-SINR is quantized to a 7-bit value in the range [-23, 40] dB with a step size of 0.5 dB, and the differential L1-SINR is quantized to a 4-bit value. The differential L1-SINR is calculated with reference to the maximum measured L1-SINR value as part of the same L1-SINR reporting instance with a step size of 1 dB. When NZP CSI-RS is configured for channel measurement and / or interference measurement, the reported L1-SINR value shall not be compensated by the power offset given by the higher layer parameters powerControOffsetSS or powerControlOffset.

[0388] In an example, when one or both resource settings are configured for L1-SINR measurement, if the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to 'Not Configured', the wireless device may derive channel measurements for calculating the L1-SINR reported in uplink time slot n based only on the SSB or NZP CSI-RS associated with the CSI resource setting (defined in TS 38.211) that is no later than the CSI reference resource. If the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForChannelMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to "Configured", the wireless device may derive channel measurements for calculating the L1-SINR reported in uplink time slot n based only on the SSB or NZP CSI-RS associated with the CSI resource setting (defined in TS 38.211) that is no later than the latest timing of the CSI reference resource. If the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForInterferenceMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to 'Not Configured', the wireless device may derive interference measurement results for calculating the L1-SINR reported in uplink time slot n based only on the CSI-IM or NZP CSI-RS for interference measurement (defined in TS 38.211) or NZP CSI-RS for channel and interference measurement associated with the CSI resource setting no later than the CSI reference resource. If the higher layer parameter timeRestrictionForInterferenceMeasurements in CSI-ReportConfig is set to 'Configured', the wireless device may derive interference measurement results for calculating the L1-SINR reported in uplink time slot n based on the CSI-IM or NZP CSI-RS for interference measurement (TS38.211) or NZP CSI-RS for channel and interference measurement associated with the CSI resource setting no later than the latest timing of the CSI reference resource.

[0389] Fig.40An example of CSI measurement and reporting configuration on a cell is shown. In the example, the base station may transmit one or more RRC messages (e.g., ServingCellConfig IE) including configuration parameters of the cell to the wireless device. The ServingCellConfig IE may be used to configure (add or modify) the wireless device with a serving cell, which may be a SpCell or SCell of an MCG or SCG. The configuration parameters may be primarily wireless device specific, but partially cell specific (e.g., in an additional configured bandwidth portion). Reconfiguration between PUCCH and PUCCH-free SCell may be supported using SCell release and addition. The configuration parameters may indicate multiple BWPs configured on the cell, PDCCH configuration, PDSCH configuration, CSI measurement configuration (e.g., CSI-MeasConfig IE), etc. As shown in FIG. Fig.40 As shown, the CSI measurement configuration may be associated with parameters indicating multiple NZP-CSI-RS resources, multiple NZP-CSI-RS resource sets, multiple CSI-IM resources, multiple CSI-IM resource sets, multiple CSI-SSB resource sets, multiple CSI resource configurations, multiple CSI report configurations, etc. Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A , Fig.37B and / or Fig.38 The NZP-CSI-RS resources (and sets) can be implemented based on the above description of the example embodiments. Fig.36 The example embodiments described above implement CSI resource configuration (via CSI-ResourceConfig IE). CSI report configuration (via CSI-ReportConfig IE) can be based on the above Fig.39 The example embodiments described may be implemented.

[0390] In an example, the wireless device may derive a CSI report based on SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS. The wireless device may measure SS-RSRP (L1-RSRP) within an SMTC opportunity (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on SS-RSRP being defined as a linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of REs carrying SSS. For SS-RSRP determination based on DM-RS of PBCH, and if indicated by higher layers, the wireless device may use CSI-RS for SS-RSRP measurement in addition to SSS. The wireless device may measure SS-RSRP using DM-RS for PBCH or CSI-RS by linearly averaging the power contribution of REs carrying the corresponding RS by taking into account the power scaling of the RS. If SS-RSRP is not used for L1-RSRP, the additional use of CSI-RS for SS-RSRP determination is not applicable. The wireless device may measure SS-RSRP only in reference signals corresponding to SS / PBCH blocks with the same SS / PBCH block index and the same physical layer cell identity. If SS-RSRP is not used for L1-RSRP and higher layers indicate a set of SS / PBCH blocks for performing SS-RSRP measurements, the wireless device may measure SS-RSRP only from the indicated set of SS / PBCH blocks. The wireless device may determine a reference point for SS-RSRP measurement as the antenna connector of the wireless device for frequency range 1. The wireless device may measure SS-RSRP based on the combined signal from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch for frequency range 2. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the wireless device is using receiver diversity, the wireless device may report SS-RSRP with a value not lower than the corresponding SS-RSRP of any of the respective receiver branches.

[0391] In an example, the wireless device may measure CSI-RSRP (L1-RSRP) (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of the resource elements of the antenna ports carrying the CSI reference signal configured for RSRP measurement within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth in the configured CSI-RS opportunities. For CSI-RSRP determination, the CSI reference signal transmitted on antenna port 3000 may be used. If CSI-RSRP is used for L1-RSRP, the CSI reference signal transmitted on antenna ports 3000, 3001 may be used for CSI-RSRP determination. For intra-frequency CSI-RSRP measurement, if measurement gaps are not configured, the wireless device does not expect to measure CSI-RS resources outside the effective downlink bandwidth portion. For frequency range 1, the reference point for CSI-RSRP may be the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, CSI-RSRP may be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported CSI-RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding CSI-RSRP of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0392] In an example, the wireless device can measure SS-RSRQ (L1-RSRQ) (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on the ratio of SS-RSRQ being defined as N×SS-RSRP / NR carrier RSSI, where N is the number of resource blocks in the NR carrier RSSI measurement bandwidth. The measurements in the numerator and denominator can be made on the same set of resource blocks. The NR carrier received signal strength indicator (NR carrier RSSI) includes a linear average of the total received power (in [W]) observed in only certain OFDM symbols of the measurement time resources, in the measurement bandwidth, on N number of resource blocks from all sources, including co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise, etc. For cell selection, the measurement time resources for NR carrier RSSI are not constrained. Otherwise, the measurement time resources for NR carrier RSSI are limited to the duration of the SMTC window. If indicated by a higher layer, if measurement gaps are not used, the NR carrier RSSI is measured in time slots within the SMTC window duration indicated by the higher layer parameter measurementSlots and in predefined OFDM symbols, and if measurement gaps are used, the NR carrier RSSI is measured in time slots within the SMTC window duration indicated by the higher layer parameter measurementSlots and in predefined OFDM symbols overlapping with the measurement gaps. For intra-frequency measurements, the NR carrier RSSI is measured with a timing reference corresponding to the serving cell in the frequency layer. For inter-frequency measurements, the NR carrier RSSI is measured with a timing reference corresponding to any cell in the target frequency layer. In addition, if not indicated by a higher layer, if measurement gaps are not used, the NR carrier RSSI is measured from OFDM symbols within the SMTC window duration, and if measurement gaps are used, the NR carrier RSSI is measured from OFDM symbols corresponding to the overlapping time span between the SMTC window duration and the measurement gap. If a higher layer indicates certain SS / PBCH blocks for performing SS-RSRQ measurements, SS-RSRP is measured only from the indicated set of SS / PBCH blocks. For frequency range 1, the reference point for SS-RSRQ may be the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, the NR carrier RSSI may be measured based on the combined signals from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch, where the combination used for NR carrier RSSI may be the same as the combination used for SS-RSRP measurement. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported SS-RSRQ value may not be lower than the corresponding SS-RSRQ of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0393] In an example, a wireless device may measure CSI-RSRQ (L1-RSRQ) (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on CSI-RSRQ being defined as the ratio of N×CSI-RSRP to CSI-RSSI, where N is the number of resource blocks in the CSI-RSSI measurement bandwidth. The measurements in the numerator and denominator may be made on the same set of resource blocks. The CSI received signal strength indicator (CSI-RSSI) includes a linear average of the total received power (in [W]) observed on N number of resource blocks from all sources in the OFDM symbol of the measurement time resource only, in the measurement bandwidth, and on all sources including co-channel serving and non-serving cells, adjacent channel interference, thermal noise, etc. The measurement time resource for CSI-RSSI corresponds to the OFDM symbol containing the configured CSI-RS opportunity. For CSI-RSRQ determination, a CSI reference signal transmitted on antenna port 3000 may be used. For intra-frequency CSI-RSRQ measurements, if measurement gaps are not configured, the wireless device is not expected to measure CSI-RS resources outside the valid downlink bandwidth portion. For frequency range 1, the reference point for CSI-RSRQ may be the UE's antenna connector. For frequency range 2, CSI-RSSI may be measured based on the combined signals from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch, where the combination used for CSI-RSSI may be the same as the combination used for CSI-RSRP measurements. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported CSI-RSRQ value may not be lower than the corresponding CSI-RSRQ of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0394] In an example, the wireless device may measure SS-SINR (L1-SINR) (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on SS-SINR being defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of the resource elements carrying the SS signal divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution (in [W]). If SS-SINR is used for L1-SINR reporting with dedicated interference measurement resources, interference and noise are measured on the resources indicated by the higher layer. Otherwise, interference and noise are measured on resource elements carrying SS signals within the same frequency bandwidth. The measurement time resources for SS-SINR are limited to the SMTC window duration. If SS-SINR is configured for L1-SINR as reported in the configuration, the measurement time resource restriction of the SMTC window duration does not apply. For SS-SINR determination, in addition to the secondary synchronization signal, the demodulation reference signal for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) may also be used. If SS-SINR is not used for L1-SINR and higher layers indicate certain SS / PBCH blocks for performing SS-SINR measurements, then SS-SINR is measured only from the indicated set of SS / PBCH blocks. For frequency range 1, the reference point for SS-SINR may be the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, SS-SINR may be measured based on the combined signals from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported SS-SINR value may not be lower than the corresponding SS-SINR of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0395] In an example, the wireless device may measure CSI-SINR (L1-SINR) (also described in the specification of TS 38.215) based on CSI-SINR being defined as the linear average of the power contribution (in [W]) of the resource elements carrying the CSI reference signal divided by the linear average of the noise and interference power contribution (in [W]). If CSI-SINR is used for L1-SINR reporting with dedicated interference measurement resources, interference and noise are measured on the resources indicated by the higher layer. Otherwise, interference and noise are measured on the resource elements carrying the CSI reference signal within the same frequency bandwidth. For CSI-SINR determination, the CSI reference signal transmitted on antenna port 3000 may be used. If CSI-SINR is used for L1-SINR, the CSI reference signal transmitted on antenna ports 3000, 3001 may be used for CSI-SINR determination. For intra-frequency CSI-SINR measurements not used for L1-SINR reporting, if measurement gaps are not configured, the wireless device is not expected to measure CSI-RS resources outside the effective downlink bandwidth portion. For frequency range 1, the reference point for CSI-SINR may be the antenna connector of the UE. For frequency range 2, CSI-SINR may be measured based on the combined signal from the antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For frequency ranges 1 and 2, if the UE is using receiver diversity, the reported CSI-SINR value may not be lower than the corresponding CSI-SINR of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0396] based on Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A , Fig.37B , Fig.38 , Fig.39 and / or Fig.40 , the wireless device may obtain CSI-RS configuration parameters and measure CSI (and / or beam). The wireless device may transmit a CSI report to the base station. Based on the received CSI report, the base station may determine a scheduling strategy for the wireless device (e.g., determining a transmission beam, bandwidth, MCS, antenna port, layer, rank, etc.).

[0397] In the example, network energy conservation may be very important for environmental sustainability, reducing environmental impact (greenhouse gas emissions), and for operational cost savings. As 5G becomes popular across industries and geographic areas, handling more advanced services and applications that require very high data rates (such as XR), networks may become denser, using more antennas, larger bandwidths, and more frequency bands. The environmental impact of 5G may need to be kept under control, and new solutions for improving network energy conservation need to be developed.

[0398] In the prior art, for example, based on the above Fig.28 , Fig.29A , Fig.29B , Fig. 30A , Fig. 30B and / or Fig.31 In the described example, when the wireless device has no data traffic to transmit / receive, the base station may instruct the wireless device to perform power saving operations. However, when the wireless device performs power saving operations, the base station may still need to transmit always-on and / or periodic signals for other wireless devices (e.g., for purposes of time and frequency synchronization, phase tracking, positioning, beam management, etc.). The power saving operations implemented by the wireless device may not be applicable to the base station, so the base station cannot take advantage of these power savings.

[0399] In the prior art, when there are no active wireless devices in the coverage of the base station, the base station can still transmit some always-on signals (e.g., MIB, SIB1, SSB, periodic CSI-RS, discovery RS, etc.). If the base station needs to reduce the transmission power of the always-on downlink signal transmission and / or reduce the beam / antenna port of the always-on downlink signal transmission, the base station can transmit an RRC message (e.g., SIB1, cell-specific RRC message, UE-specific RRC message, etc.), which indicates the reduced transmission power for the always-on downlink signal transmission and / or the reduced number of beams for the always-on downlink signal transmission (e.g., through ssb-PositionsInBurst) (e.g., based on the above description of Fig.25 and / or Fig.34 Example embodiments described herein).

[0400] In existing implementations of wireless systems, SIB1 may be transmitted with a fixed transmission periodicity of 160 ms (with repeated transmissions within 160 ms). The content of the SIB transmission may be the same between repeated transmissions within 160 ms. The base station may transmit a second SIB1 indicating a change in SSB transmission power, SSB transmission periodicity, and / or SSB position in an SSB burst at least 160 ms after transmitting the first SIB1.

[0401] In the prior art, a base station may configure multiple NZP-CSI-RS resource sets for a wireless device (via an RRC message). In the example, for a non-periodic resource type, up to maxNrofNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetsPerConfig (which may be 16) NZP-CSI-RS resource sets may be configured. For a periodic resource type, up to 1 resource set may be configured. For each CSI-RS resource set, up to maxNrofNZP-CSI-RS-ResourcesPerSet (which may be 64) NZP-CSI-RS resources may be configured.

[0402] In the prior art, for CSI reporting, several (e.g., up to 8) NZP-CSI-RS resources may be configured for an NZP-CSI-RS resource set. For a periodic CSI-RS type, the NZP-CSI-RS resource may be configured with a transmission periodicity (e.g., a value of 4 slots, 5 slots, 8 slots, 10 slots, 16 slots, 20 slots, 32 slots, 40 slots, 64 slots, 80 slots, 160 slots, 320 slots, 640 slots, etc.). In an example, when the CSI-RS resource is 1 port, the density may be up to 3 RE / RB. The CSI-RS resource may be mapped to a plurality of RBs (e.g., a multiple of 4) included in a cell. The minimum configurable number is the minimum of 24 and the width of the associated BWP. If the configured value is greater than the width of the corresponding BWP, the wireless device may assume that the actual CSI-RS bandwidth is equal to the width of the BWP.

[0403] In the prior art, when periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources (and resource sets) are configured, the base station can keep transmitting the periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources according to the configuration parameters of the periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources (for example, using transmission density, transmission periodicity, number of CSI-RS resources, transmission bandwidth, number of antenna ports, etc.). Unlike non-periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources (which are triggered by DCI and transmitted once by the base station) or semi-persistent CSI-RS resources (which are activated by a first SP-CSI-RS resource set activation / deactivation MAC CE and transmitted by the base station until deactivated by a second SP-CSI-RS resource set activation / deactivation MAC CE), the base station can keep transmitting the periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources even when there are few wireless devices in the cell or there are no (active) wireless devices in the cell. This can be based on the above description of the periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources. Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A , Fig.37B , Fig.38 , Fig.39 and / or Fig.40 The example embodiments described are used to transmit periodic NZP-CSI-RS. Different NZP-CSI-RS can be transmitted using different transmission beams. In order to reduce the power consumption of the base station relative to periodic NZP-CSI-RS transmission when there is light load traffic in the cell or there are no active wireless devices in the cell, the base station can transmit a new RRC message (e.g., SIB1, cell-specific RRC message, UE-specific RRC message, etc.) indicating the reconfiguration of periodic NZP-CSI-RS resources by implementing existing technologies, for example, to release NZP-CSI resources, reduce transmission density, the number of antenna ports, reduce the number of resources, reduce transmission bandwidth, reduce transmission periodicity, etc. However, for example, considering the dynamic and rapidly changing traffic patterns (e.g., on a symbol / time slot basis) of different wireless devices in 5G systems and / or future systems, transmitting RRC messages to adjust / change CSI-RS transmission parameters may not be efficient. Generally speaking, by implementing the prior art, depending on the content of the RRC message, a wireless device may require 10ms to 20ms to process an RRC message; this time is too long compared to the symbol / time slot scale of the wireless device data service, thereby reducing the power savings provided by this change in CSI-RS transmission parameters.

[0404] It is necessary to dynamically reduce the power consumption of the base station for transmitting periodic CSI-RS, especially when there is no load or light load in the coverage area of ​​the cell of the base station.

[0405] Example embodiments may include: when the base station transitions from a non-energy saving state to an energy saving state, the base station dynamically adjusts the P-CSI-RS transmission parameters by transmitting a MAC CE and / or a DCI. The base station may configure the search space, DCI format, and / or control resource set associated with the DCI for energy saving indication in one or more RRC messages. The adjusted parameters of the P-CSI-RS transmission may include at least one of the following: the number of beams, the number of antenna ports, the transmission density, the transmission periodicity, the transmission bandwidth, etc. The MAC CE / DCI may include a bit field with a code point, the code point indicating which P-CSI-RS resource (or set) among multiple P-CSI-RS (or sets) will be turned on (or off) in the energy saving state. The MAC CE / DCI may include a bitmap, wherein each bit of the bitmap corresponds to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource (or set) among the multiple P-CSI-RS resources (or sets), and indicates whether to turn off the transmission of the corresponding P-CSI-RS resource (or set). A bit field and / or a bitmap may be configured by the base station for a DCI format to indicate P-CSI-RS on / off. Based on receiving a MAC CE / DCI indicating the adjusted parameters, the wireless device may adjust the channel quality monitoring or beam management procedures according to the adjusted CSI-RS parameters. The wireless device may obtain correct CSI reports and / or beam reports for the base station in an energy saving state. Example embodiments may improve power consumption of a base station for transmitting P-CSI-RS resources because, for example, the base station may be enabled to dynamically turn off transmission of some P-CSI-RS resources. Example embodiments may allow a base station to obtain accurate CSI / beam reports in an energy saving state, which may be used to maintain a connection with the wireless device and / or may be used later as an initial CSI / beam report when the base station switches from an energy saving state to a non-energy saving state.

[0406] Example embodiments may include a base station turning off periodic transmission of a P-CSI-RS (or a P-CSI-RS resource set) in response to transmitting a DCI indicating energy saving. In response to transmitting a DCI indicating energy saving, the base station may keep transmitting an SSB (or one or more of the SSBs) based on a periodicity. In response to receiving the DCI, the wireless device may determine that the P-CSI-RS (configured in an RRC message) is turned off by the base station. In response to receiving the DCI, the wireless device may determine that the SSB is still being periodically transmitted by the base station (with or without a parameter change based on the configuration or indication of the RRC message, MAC CE, and / or DCI). And, the DCI indicating energy saving may indicate to the wireless device a portion of the P-CSI-RS that is turned off and will no longer be transmitted by the base station. The wireless device may obtain (or measure) a periodic CSI amount based on the SSB of the cell (e.g., when the base station transitions the cell to an energy saving state, or when the base station is in an energy saving state). And, based on the DCI, the wireless device will not receive the turned-off P-CSI-RS and may stop obtaining the periodic CSI amount of those turned-off P-CSI-RS.

[0407] Fig.41 Example embodiments of CSI-RS configuration and CSI reporting for network energy saving are presented. In the example, a base station (gNB) may transmit and / or a wireless device may receive (UE) a message indicating a plurality of periodic CSI-RS (P-CSI-RS) resources (e.g., Fig.41 The P-CSI-RS may be an NZP-CSI-RS, which is a periodic CSI-RS transmitted with non-zero power. Fig.35 , Fig.36 , Fig.37A , Fig.37B , Fig.38 , Fig.39 and / or Fig.40 In the example embodiment described, the one or more RRC messages may be cell-specific RRC messages or wireless device-specific RRC messages. The configuration parameter may indicate a first number of P-CSI-RS resources in a CSI-RS resource set. For example, based on Fig.38In an example embodiment of the present invention, the CSI-RS resource set may include a first number of P-CSI-RS resources. The configuration parameter may indicate a first transmission density, a first transmission bandwidth, and a first transmission periodicity for each of the first number of P-CSI-RS resources in the CSI-RS resource set. The configuration parameter may indicate the number of CSI-RS resource sets. Different CSI-RS resource sets may be used for the wireless device to measure different CSI quantities (e.g., CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, etc.).

[0408] In an example, based on the one or more RRC messages, the base station may transmit the P-CSI-RS in the configured resources.

[0409] like Fig.41 As shown, based on the periodically transmitted P-CSI-RS (the first number of CSI-RS) configured in the one or more RRC messages, the wireless device can determine to transmit the P-CSI-RS in the configured position (time domain and frequency domain) with the configured periodicity, with the configured number of beams and / or with the configured transmission power. Based on the determination, the wireless device can obtain the first periodic CSI / beam measurement result (e.g., CSI / L1-RSRP / L1-SINR, etc.). The wireless device can be based on the above description of Fig.40 Example embodiments are described to measure CSI / beam quantity.

[0410] In an example, the wireless device may further measure the CSI amount based on the periodically transmitted SSB. The SSB may be based on the above Fig.32 , Fig.33 and / or Fig.34 The wireless device may be implemented according to the configuration parameters of the CSI report (e.g., based on the above description of Fig.36 and / or Fig.39 The example embodiment described above transmits a CSI report based on the measurement results of the SSB and the P-CSI-RS. The CSI report measured based on the SSB and the P-CSI-RS may include an SSB index of the SSB (e.g., having the best RSRP value among the RSRP values ​​of the SSB), a CSI-R resource index of the P-CSI-RS (e.g., having the best RSRP value among the RSRP values ​​of the P-CSI-RS), an RSRP value, and / or a differential RSRP value.

[0411] In an example (e.g., in a high frequency deployment), the base station may transmit the SSB with a wider beam than the P-CSI-RS. The base station transmits the SSB with a wider beam to achieve adequate coverage for multiple wireless devices in the cell. The base station transmits the P-CSI-RS with a narrower beam to facilitate a particular wireless device to identify a good beam pair between the wireless device and the base station, such as for actual data / control information transmission.

[0412] In an example, based on the measured CSI report, the wireless device may transmit a first periodic CSI report via an uplink channel (eg, PUCCH / PUSCH). Fig.39 As shown, based on the configuration parameters of the CSI report, the first periodic CSI report may include multiple CSI quantities (e.g., CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, etc.). In the example, the wireless device may transmit the first periodic CSI report via the PUCCH resources configured for the periodic CSI report.

[0413] In an example, the 1st periodic CSI report measured via the 1st P-CSI-RS and / or SSB may be referred to as a CSI report in a normal power state (or non-energy saving state). The 1st P-CSI-RS transmitted by the base station may be referred to as a CSI-RS in a normal power state.

[0414] In an example embodiment, for one or more cells, the base station may determine to transition from a normal power state (or a non-energy saving state) to an energy saving state. When the base station is in the normal power state, the base station may transmit a first number of P-CSI-RSs having a first configuration parameter. During the transmission timing when the base station is in the normal power state, the base station may transmit a first number of P-CSI-RSs (via the cell) with a first transmission periodicity, a first transmission density, a first transmission bandwidth, a first number of P-CSI-RSs (in a CSI-RS resource set), and / or a first number of CSI-RS resource sets. The base station may determine the transition based on wireless device assistance information received from the wireless device regarding traffic patterns, data volumes, waiting time requirements, and the like. In the example ( Fig.41 In the example, the wireless device may transmit the wireless device assistance information to the base station in an RRC message, a MAC CE, and / or a UCI. The wireless device assistance information may include the data volume of the (expected / predicted) data packet of the wireless device, the power state of the wireless device, the service type of the wireless device, etc. In an example, the base station may determine the transition based on uplink signal (e.g., SRS, PRACH, DM-RS, UCI, etc.) measurement / evaluation / detection at the base station. The base station may determine the transition based on information exchanged from a neighboring base station via an X2 interface, where the information exchange may include an indication of the transition, traffic load information, etc.

[0415] like Fig.41 As shown, the base station may transmit and / or the wireless device may receive a DCI (or MAC CE) including an energy saving indication, wherein the energy saving indication indicates turning off the second number of P-CSI-RSs among the first number of P-CSI-RSs and / or transitioning from a non-energy saving state to an energy saving state (for one or more cells). The DCI (or MAC CE) may indicate a second transmission periodicity, a second transmission density, and a second transmission bandwidth for transmitting the first number of P-CSI-RS resources in the energy saving state. In an example embodiment, the base station may transmit the DCI including the energy saving indication via the search space (and control resource set) of the cell. The energy saving indication may indicate a transition from a non-energy saving state (or mode / configuration) to an energy saving state (or mode / configuration). In an example embodiment, one or more RRC messages may include configuration parameters of the search space and / or the control resource set. The search space may be based on the above description of Fig.14A , Fig. 14B and / or Fig. 27 The control resource set can be based on the above Fig.14A , Fig. 14B and / or Fig.26 The example embodiments described are implemented.

[0416] In an example embodiment, the energy saving indication may be indicated by a MAC CE. The base station may transmit and / or the wireless device may receive a MAC CE including the energy saving indication. Fig.17A , Fig. 17B , Fig. 17C , Fig.18A , Fig.18B , Fig.19 and Fig. 20 The described example embodiments implement a MAC CE associated with an LCID that identifies a specific purpose of the MAC CE. The MAC CE including the energy saving indication may be associated with different Fig.19 and / or Fig. 20 For example, based on the above Fig.17A and / or Fig. 17B In the example embodiments described above, a MAC CE including an energy saving indication may have a flexible payload size with a MAC subheader. Fig. 17C The example embodiments described, the MAC CE including the energy saving indication may have a fixed payload size with a MAC sub-header.

[0417] In an example, the MAC CE including the energy saving indication may reuse the existing MAC CE. In an example, the R bit of the SCell activation / deactivation MAC CE (based on Fig.21A and / or Fig.21B The R bit may indicate the power offset value of SSB transmission in the energy saving state (eg, PCell, or PCell and all active Scells).

[0418] In an example embodiment, the search space for transmitting DCI indicating energy saving may be a type 0 common search space. The DCI including the energy saving indication may share the same type 0 common search space with other DCI (e.g., scheduling SIBx messages). The base station may transmit configuration parameters for the type 0 common search space in a MIB message or a SIB1 message. The base station transmits a MIB message indicating system information of the base station via a PBCH. The base station transmits a SIB1 message scheduled by a group common PDCCH having a CRC scrambled by the SI-RNTI indicating at least one of the following: information for evaluating whether a wireless device is allowed to access a cell of the base station, information for scheduling other system information, radio resource configuration information common to all wireless devices, and prohibition information applied to access control.

[0419] In an example embodiment, the search space used to transmit the DCI indicating energy saving may be a type 2 common search space. The DCI including the energy saving indication may share the same type 2 common search space with other DCIs (e.g., scheduling paging messages) having a CRC scrambled by the P-RNTI.

[0420] In an example embodiment, the search space for transmitting the DCI indicating energy saving may be a type 3 common search space. The DCI including the energy saving indication may share the same type 3 common search space with multiple group common DCIs. Multiple group common DCIs may include: DCI format 2_0 indicating the slot format based on the CRC bit scrambled by SFI-RNTI, DCI format 2_1 indicating downlink preemption based on the CRC scrambled by INT-RNTI, DCI format 2_4 indicating uplink cancellation based on the CRC scrambled by CI-RNTI, DCI format 2_2 / 2_3 indicating uplink power control based on the CRC bit scrambled by TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI or TPC-SRS-RNTI, DCI format 2_6 indicating power saving operation (wake up / enter sleep and / or SCell sleep) based on the CRC bit scrambled by PS-RNTI, etc.

[0421] In an example embodiment, the search space used to transmit the DCI indicating energy saving may be a wireless device-specific search space different from a common search space (type 0 / 0A / 1 / 2 / 3).

[0422] In an example embodiment, the DCI indicating energy saving may be a legacy DCI format (e.g., DCI format 1_0 / 1_1 / 1_2 / 0_0 / 0_1 / 0_2 / 2_0 / 2_1 / 2_2 / 2_3 / 2_4 / 2_5 / 2_6). The DCI may be a new DCI format having the same DCI size as DCI format 2_0 / 2_1 / 2_2 / 2_3 / 2_4 / 2_5 / 2_6. The DCI may be a new DCI format having the same DCI size as DCI format 1_0 / 0_0. The DCI may be a new DCI format having the same DCI size as DCI format 1_1 / 0_1.

[0423] In an example embodiment, the configuration parameters of the one or more RRC messages may indicate that one of the plurality of control resource sets is associated with a search space of a DCI indicating energy saving for a base station. For a control resource set, the configuration parameters may indicate frequency radio resources, time domain resources, CCE to REG mapping type, etc.

[0424] In an example embodiment, the wireless device may monitor the search space (of the control resource set) to receive DCI indicating energy saving for the base station. The base station may transmit the DCI including the energy saving indication for the base station in one or more radio resources associated with the search space (in the control resource set).

[0425] In an example, the DCI (or MAC CE) indicating the energy saving operation of the base station may indicate the second configuration parameters of the P-CSI-RS resources (density, bandwidth, antenna port, number of resources in a resource set, etc.). The DCI may have a DCI format (e.g., based on Fig.23 In an example embodiment of the present invention, the DCI format includes a field indicating that the second number of CSI-RSs in the first number of CSI-RSs are turned off. The field of the DCI having the DCI format may be configured by the base station to indicate that the P-CSI-RS is turned on / off. In an example, the base station may transmit an RRC message including a configuration parameter indicating that the DCI format includes a field indicating that the P-CSI-RS is turned on / off.

[0426] In an example, the field may be a bitmap, wherein each bit of the bitmap may correspond to a corresponding CSI-RS in the first number of CSI-RSs and may indicate whether the corresponding CSI-RS is turned off. The bitmap may be based on Fig.42 The present invention is implemented in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0427] In an example, the field may indicate a CSI-RS on / off mode among a plurality of CSI-RS on / off modes. Fig.43A and / or Fig.43B The multiple CSI-RS on / off modes are implemented in accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention.

[0428] In an example, the field may indicate a second transmission periodicity of the P-CSI-RS resource. For a normal state (or non-energy saving state), the second transmission periodicity may be longer than the first transmission periodicity. In an example, the second transmission periodicity of the P-CSI-RS resource for energy saving operation may be configured by the base station or pre-configured without an indication of a MAC CE and / or DCI.

[0429] In an example, the field may indicate a second transmission density of the P-CSI-RS resource. For a normal power state, the second transmission density may be less than the first transmission density. In an example, the second transmission density of the P-CSI-RS resource for energy saving operation may be configured by the base station or pre-configured without an indication of the MAC CE and / or DCI.

[0430] In an example, the field may indicate a second transmission bandwidth of the P-CSI-RS resource. For a normal power state, the second transmission bandwidth may be less than the first transmission bandwidth. In an example, the second transmission bandwidth of the P-CSI-RS resource for energy saving operation may be configured by the base station or pre-configured without an indication of the MAC CE and / or DCI.

[0431] In an example, the field may indicate a second transmission power of the P-CSI-RS resource. For a normal power state, the second transmission power may be less than the first transmission power. In an example, the second transmission power of the P-CSI-RS resource for energy saving operation may be configured by the base station or pre-configured without an indication of the MAC CE and / or DCI.

[0432] Based on the transmission DCI, the base station may transition from the non-energy saving state to the energy saving state. In an example, when in the energy saving state, the base station may reduce the transmission power, reduce the transmission beam / port, and / or increase the transmission periodicity value of the P-CSI-RS (e.g., from 4ms to 20ms, from 20ms to 40ms, etc.), compared to the non-energy saving state. Fig.36 The example embodiments described herein implement the transmission periodicity of the P-CSI-RS. In an example, the base station may transmit P-CSI-RS resources with a smaller number of resources (or with a smaller number of beams) when in an energy saving state than in a non-energy saving state.

[0433] In an example, the base station may continue to receive uplink transmissions from the wireless device while in the energy saving state.

[0434] In an example, when in an energy saving state, the base station may maintain an RRC connection with one or more wireless devices that have established an RRC connection with one or more cells of the base station (or may not interrupt the RRC connection). In the energy saving state, the base station may maintain communication with other network entities (e.g., another base station, AMF, UPF, etc., such as Figure 1B (shown) existing interface(s).

[0435] In an example, the transition from the non-energy saving state to the energy saving state may include maintaining the active state of the BWP in the cell unchanged. Maintaining the active state of the BWP for energy saving state transition may allow for fast switching between the non-energy saving state and the energy saving state (without BWP switching). Fig. 22 The example embodiments described herein implement BWP switching.

[0436] In an example, a transition from a non-energy saving state to an energy saving state may include switching an active BWP from a first active BWP of a cell including multiple BWPs to a second BWP. Switching the active BWP to perform an energy saving state transition may simplify implementation of wireless devices and base stations, for example, by maintaining backward compatibility. The BWP may be based on the above description of Fig. 9 , Fig. 22 and / or Fig.26 The example embodiments described herein are implemented. In the example, the first active BWP is a BWP among the multiple BWPs on which the base station transmits downlink signals and / or the wireless device receives downlink signals. The second BWP may be a default BWP, a dormant BWP, or a BWP configured differently from the default BWP and / or the dormant BWP, and is dedicated to energy saving of the base station. For example, based on Fig. 22 and / or Fig.28In an example embodiment of the present invention, a default BWP or a dormant BWP may be configured by a base station for power saving of a wireless device. In an example, a second BWP may be a downlink-only BWP on which only a base station is allowed to perform downlink transmissions and uplink transmissions of a wireless device are not allowed. In an example, a second BWP may be an uplink-only BWP on which only a wireless device is allowed to perform uplink transmissions and downlink transmissions of a base station are not allowed. One or more RRC messages may indicate a second BWP from a plurality of BWPs of a cell as a BWP for use in an energy saving state. The second BWP may have a smaller bandwidth than the first active BWP. Compared to the first active BWP, the second BWP may not be configured with a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and / or a CSI-RS. In response to transitioning to an energy saving state, a base station (and / or a wireless device) may switch from a first active BWP to a second BWP.

[0437] like Fig.41 As shown, based on the DCI that transmits the instruction to turn off the second number of CSI-RS (or CSI-RS resources) in the first number of CSI-RS for energy saving, the base station can stop transmitting the second number of CSI-RS and can transmit the third number of CSI-RS in the first number of CSI-RS. The third number of CSI-RS does not include any RS resources of the second number of CSI-RS.

[0438] In an example, the base station may transmit a third number of CSI-RSs with a second transmission periodicity, a second transmission density, a second transmission bandwidth, and / or with a second number of antenna ports.

[0439] In the example, based on receiving a DCI indicating turning off a second number of CSI-RSs among a first number of CSI-RSs, the wireless device may stop monitoring (or measuring) the beam / CSI amount for the second number of CSI-RSs, and / or may monitor a third number of CSI-RSs among the first number of CSI-RSs for beam / CSI measurements.

[0440] In an example, based on monitoring the third number of CSI-RSs (and / or stopping monitoring the second number of CSI-RSs), the wireless device may obtain a second periodic CSI report.

[0441] In an example, in the energy saving state, the wireless device may transmit a second periodic CSI report obtained based on a third number of CSI-RSs to the base station.

[0442] In an example, in the energy saving state, the wireless device may skip transmitting the 2nd periodic CSI report to the base station.

[0443] In an example, the base station may transmit a command (e.g., RRC / MAC CE / DCI) indicating whether the wireless device may transmit the second periodic CSI report to the base station in an energy saving state. In response to the command indicating that the wireless device may transmit the second periodic CSI report in the energy saving state, the wireless device may transmit the second periodic CSI report to the base station in the energy saving state. In response to the command indicating that the wireless device may skip transmission of the second periodic CSI report in the energy saving state, the wireless device may skip transmission of the second periodic CSI report to the base station in the energy saving state. Example embodiments may allow the base station to flexibly control the periodic CSI report transmission of the wireless device when the base station is in the energy saving state.

[0444] based on Fig.41 In an example embodiment, when the base station is in an energy saving state, the base station may dynamically adjust the P-CSI-RS transmission parameters. The adjusted parameters may be transmitted in a MAC CE and / or a DCI. The adjusted parameters for P-CSI-RS transmission may include at least one of the following: the number of beams, the number of antenna ports, the transmission density, the transmission periodicity, the transmission bandwidth, etc. Based on receiving the MAC CE and / or the DCI indicating the adjusted parameters, the wireless device may adjust the channel quality monitoring or beam management procedures according to the adjusted CSI-RS parameters. The wireless device may obtain correct CSI reports and / or beam reports for the base station in the energy saving state. The example embodiment may improve the power consumption of the base station for transmitting P-CSI-RS resources. The example embodiment may allow the base station to obtain accurate CSI / beam reports in the energy saving state, which may be used to maintain a connection with the wireless device and / or may be used later as an initial CSI / beam report when the base station switches from a non-energy saving state to an energy saving state.

[0445] In the example, Fig.41 One or more embodiments of the invention may be extended to indicate that a CSI-RS resource set is turned on / off for energy saving operation. In an example, a base station may configure multiple P-CSI-RS resource sets (e.g., based on Fig.36 and / or Fig.40), where, based on the example of FIG. 37 , each P-CSI-RS resource set may include multiple P-CSI-RS resources. Different P-CSI-RS resource sets may be transmitted by a base station and used by a wireless device to measure different CSI quantities (e.g., CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, etc.). The base station may transmit different P-CSI-RS resource sets from different TRPs to the wireless device for CSI measurements (e.g., CQI, PMI, CRI, SSBRI, LI, RI, L1-RSRP, L1-SINR, etc.), where each CSI measurement corresponds to a corresponding TRP in a plurality of TRPs of the base station[ / g2]. The base station may transmit a MAC CE / DCI indicating that one or more of the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets are turned off for an energy saving state. The MAC CE / DCI may include a bitmap, wherein each bit of the bitmap corresponds to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set among the multiple P-CSI-RS resource sets, and may indicate whether to turn off the transmission of the corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set. In response to turning off the transmission of the P-CSI-RS resource set, the base station may stop the transmission of all P-CSI-RS resources belonging to the P-CSI-RS resource set.

[0446] In the example, Fig.41 One or more embodiments may be further extended to indicate turning off one or more P-CSI-RS resources in one or more P-CSI-RS resource sets. In an example, a MAC CE / DCI for indicating an energy saving operation of a base station may include a plurality of information blocks, each information block corresponding to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. The information block of the MAC CE / DCI may include a bitmap, wherein each bit of the bitmap corresponds to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources belonging to a P-CSI-RS resource set corresponding to the information block. The bits of the bitmap may indicate whether to turn off the transmission of a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resources belonging to a P-CSI-RS resource set corresponding to the information block.

[0447] In the example, Fig.41One or more embodiments of the present invention may be further extended to indicate turning off one or more P-CSI-RS resources in one or more P-CSI-RS resource sets. In an example, a MAC CE / DCI for indicating energy saving operation of a base station may include a first bitmap and multiple second bitmaps. Each bit of the first bitmap may correspond to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. A bit of the first bitmap set to a first value (e.g., 0) may indicate turning off the transmission of a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. A bit of the first bitmap set to a second value (e.g., 1) may indicate turning on (or maintaining) the transmission of a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. A bitmap in the plurality of second bitmaps may correspond to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource set associated with a bit of the first bitmap set to 1 in ascending order of the P-CSI-RS resource set index. The bits of the bitmap of the plurality of second bitmaps may correspond to corresponding P-CSI-RS resources in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources belonging to a P-CSI-RS resource set (associated with the bit of the first bitmap set to 1). The bits of the bitmap of the second plurality of second bitmaps may indicate whether to turn off corresponding P-CSI-RS resources in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resources of the P-CSI-RS resource set. In an example, there may be 16 P-CSI-RS resource sets (set #1, set #2, ..., set #16) configured by a base station. Set #1 may include 8 P-CSI-RS resources. Set #2 may include 5 P-CSI-RS resources. Set #3 may include 4 P-CSI-RS resources. Set #16 may include 8 P-CSI-RS resources. The first bitmap may include 16 bits, wherein the first bit corresponds to set #1, the second bit corresponds to set #2, and so on. The first bitmap may be set to '1010000000000001', which may indicate that transmission set #1, set #3, and set #16 are maintained. In this example, the base station may turn off set #2, set #4, set #5 to set #15. In this case, there may be 3 second bitmaps, wherein the 1st bitmap of the 3 second bitmaps corresponds to set #1, the 2nd bitmap of the 3 second bitmaps corresponds to set #3, and the 3rd bitmap corresponds to set #16. Each bit of the 1st bitmap of the 3 second bitmaps may correspond to a corresponding RS of the 8 P-CSI-RS of set #1, and may indicate whether the RS is turned off. Each bit of the 2nd bitmap of the 3 second bitmaps may correspond to a corresponding RS of the 4 P-CSI-RS of set #3, and may indicate whether the RS is turned off. Each bit of the 3rd bitmap of the 3 second bitmaps may correspond to a corresponding RS of the 8 P-CSI-RS of set #16, and may indicate whether the RS is turned off.

[0448] In the example, Fig.41 One or more embodiments may be further extended to indicate turning off one or more P-CSI-RS resources of one or more P-CSI-RS resource sets in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. In an example, a MAC CE / DCI for indicating an energy saving operation of a base station may include a bitmap, wherein each bit in the bitmap corresponds to a corresponding P-CSI-RS resource among a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources belonging to a first P-CSI-RS resource set in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. The first P-CSI-RS resource set may have a lowest P-CSI-RS resource set index among the P-CSI-RS resource set indexes in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets. The first P-CSI-RS resource set may be configured by the base station in an RRC message among the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets for energy saving operation of the base station. The first P-CSI-RS resource set may be a P-CSI-RS resource set associated with a primary TRP (e.g., identified by CORESET pool index 0) among the plurality of P-CSI-RS resource sets configured for the plurality of TRPs of the base station for energy saving operation of the base station. The CORESET pool (which may be associated with a TRP) may be based on the above description of Fig.26 The example embodiments described herein are implemented. The bits of the bitmap may indicate whether to turn off the transmission of the corresponding P-CSI-RS resource among the multiple P-CSI-RS resources belonging to the first P-CSI-RS resource set. In response to receiving a MAC CE / DCI including an energy saving indication, the base station may stop the transmission of all P-CSI-RS resource sets except the first P-CSI-RS resource set among the multiple P-CSI-RS resource sets. In response to the bit of the bitmap included in the energy saving indication being set to a first value (e.g., 0), the base station may (further) stop transmitting the P-CSI-RS resource corresponding to the bit among the multiple P-CSI-RS resources in the first P-CSI-RS resource set. In response to the bit of the bitmap included in the energy saving indication being set to a second value (e.g., 1), the base station may keep transmitting the P-CSI-RS resource corresponding to the bit among the multiple P-CSI-RS resources in the first P-CSI-RS resource set.

[0449] In an example, for example, when there are 8 P-CSI-RS resources in the P-CSI-RS resource set, the bitmap described above (in the MAC CE and / or DCI for energy saving indication) can be 8 bits, or when there are 16 P-CSI-RS resources in the P-CSI-RS resource set, the bitmap can be 16 bits.

[0450] In an example embodiment, for example, when a base station transmits a few P-CSI-RS resources among a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources and / or turns off most of the plurality of P-CSI-RS resources in an energy saving state, the bitmap described above may be replaced by a bit field. In an example, the base station may transmit an RRC message including a configuration parameter indicating that the DCI format of the DCI includes a bit field indicating that the P-CSI-RS is turned on / off. The base station may transmit a MAC CE / DCI for indicating an energy saving operation of the base station, which includes a bit field indicating that one or more P-CSI-RS resources in a P-CSI-RS resource set are turned off. The bit field set to a code point may indicate that one or more P-CSI-RS resources in a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources of a P-CSI-RS resource set are transmitted and the remaining resources in the plurality of P-CSI-RS resources are turned off. In an example, the base station may transmit a single P-CSI-RS resource among a plurality of P-CSI-RS resources of a P-CSI-RS resource set in an energy saving state. In the case where there are 8 P-CSI-RS resources in the P-CSI-RS resource set, the bit field of the MAC CE / DCI may be 3 bits. A bit field set to the first code point (e.g., '000') may indicate that, for example, the 1st P-CSI-RS resource with the lowest CSI-RS resource index among the CSI-RS resource indexes of the 8 P-CSI-RS resources is transmitted, and the remaining 7 P-CSI-RS resources among the 8 P-CSI-RS resources of the P-CSI-RS resource set are stopped from being transmitted. A bit field set to the second code point (e.g., '001') may indicate that, for example, the 2nd P-CSI-RS resource with the second lowest CSI-RS resource index among the CSI-RS resource indexes of the 8 P-CSI-RS resources is transmitted, and the remaining 7 P-CSI-RS resources among the 8 P-CSI-RS resources of the P-CSI-RS resource set are stopped from being transmitted, and so on. Example embodiments may further improve power consumption of a base station and reduce signaling overhead for energy saving indication relative to dynamically switching off P-CSI-RS resources.

[0451] Fig.42 Display based on Fig.41 An example embodiment of an example embodiment of a P-CSI-RS resource on / off indication for network energy saving. In the example, as described above with respect to Fig.41As described, a MAC CE or DCI for indicating an energy saving operation of a base station may include a b...

Claims

1. A method comprising: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are transmitted by a base station to a wireless device, the RRC messages comprising: a first periodicity of a synchronization signal block (SSB) of the cell; and a second periodicity of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) of the cell; In response to the transmitting the one or more RRC messages, transmitting to the wireless device: transmitting the SSB based on the first periodicity; and transmitting the P-CSI-RS based on the second periodicity; receiving, from the wireless device, a first CSI report based on the SSB and the P-CSI-RS; transmitting downlink control information (DCI) indicating an energy saving state of the base station to the wireless device; In response to the transmitting the DCI: continuing the transmission of the SSB to the wireless device based on the first periodicity during the energy saving state; and ceasing the transmission of the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the second periodicity during the energy saving state; and During the energy saving state of the base station, receiving from the wireless device a second CSI report as follows: Based on the SSB; and Not based on the P-CSI-RS.

2. A method comprising: transmitting, by a base station to a wireless device, a command indicating an energy saving state of the base station; as well as In response to said transmitting said command: transmitting a synchronization signal block (SSB) during the energy saving state; as well as Transmission of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) is stopped during the energy saving state.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising transmitting one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages to the wireless device, the RRC messages comprising: a first transmission parameter of the SSB of the cell; as well as a second transmission parameter of the P-CSI-RS of the cell.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising, in response to the transmitting the one or more RRC messages, sending to the wireless device: transmitting the SSB based on the first transmission parameter; and The P-CSI-RS is transmitted based on the second transmission parameters.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the command instructs the base station to transition from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein in a non-energy saving state, the base station: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and The P-CSI-RS is transmitted in the bandwidth portion of the cell.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the transmitting the SSB is continuing the transmitting the SSB based on the first transmission parameter. 8 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein the stopping the transmission of the P-CSI-RS comprises stopping the transmission of the P-CSI-RS based on the second transmission parameter.

9. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein: The first transmission parameter is a first periodicity of the SSB of the cell; and The second transmission parameter is a second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more RRC messages further include a third periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell to be used in the energy saving operation of the base station. 11 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising transmitting the P-CSI-RS based on a third periodicity longer than the second periodicity during the energy saving state in response to transmitting the command.

12. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 11, further comprising receiving a first CSI report based on the SSB and the P-CSI-RS from the wireless device.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first CSI report comprises at least one of: the index of the SSB; or The index of the P-CSI-RS.

14. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 13, further comprising receiving a second CSI report based on the SSB from the wireless device during the energy saving state of the base station.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the second CSI report comprises one or more indices of the SSBs.

16. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein the second CSI report is not based on the P-CSI-RS.

17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the second CSI report does not include any index of the P-CSI-RS.

18. A method according to any one of claims 3 to 17, wherein: The P-CSI-RS is transmitted via a CSI-RS resource of a CSI-RS resource set; and The second transmission parameter is at least one of the following: a CSI-RS resource index identifying a CSI-RS resource for each of the P-CSI-RSs; Parameters for mapping the time and frequency resources of the CSI-RS resources; one or more power control parameters; a scrambled identifier; Periodicity; offset; or Calibration information indication.

19. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 18, wherein the command is: Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages; Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE); or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

20. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 19, wherein the command is downlink control information (DCI).

21. The method of claim 20, wherein: The DCI comprises a bitmap; and Each bit of the bitmap indicates whether the base station does not transmit a corresponding one of the P-CSI-RSs during the energy saving state.

22. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 21, wherein the DCI includes a switching pattern indicating which of the P-CSI-RS are turned on and off.

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein the DCI comprises a field indicating the periodicity of the P-CSI-RS during the energy saving state of the base station.

24. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 23, wherein the one or more RRC messages further include one or more configuration parameters of a search space used to transmit the command.

25. The method of any one of claims 2 to 24, wherein the command is transmitted after receiving wireless device assistance information from the wireless device.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the wireless device assistance information is uplink control information (UCI) transmitted to the base station via a physical uplink channel.

27. The method of any one of claims 25 to 26, wherein the wireless device assistance information indicates a time threshold for application of a transmission from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

28. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 26, wherein during the energy saving state, the base station: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and Transmission of the P-CSI-RS in the bandwidth portion of the cell is stopped.

29. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 27, wherein the base station, before transmitting the command: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and The P-CSI-RS is transmitted in the bandwidth portion of the cell.

30. A method according to any one of claims 2 to 28, wherein the command does not indicate an active bandwidth portion switch in a cell.

31. An apparatus comprising: one or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of claims 1 to 30.

32. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 30.

33. A method comprising: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are received by a wireless device from a base station, the RRC messages comprising: a first periodicity of a synchronization signal block (SSB) of the cell; and a second periodicity of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) of the cell; In response to receiving the one or more RRC messages: receiving the SSB based on the first periodicity; and receiving the P-CSI-RS based on the second periodicity; Transmitting a first CSI report based on the SSB and the P-CSI-RS to the base station; receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the base station indicating an energy saving state of the base station; In response to the receiving the DCI: continuing the receiving of the SSB from the base station based on the first periodicity during the energy saving state; and stopping receiving the P-CSI-RS from the base station based on the second periodicity during the energy saving state; and transmitting to the base station during the energy saving state of the base station a second CSI report as follows: Based on the SSB; and Not based on the P-CSI-RS.

34. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, from a base station a command indicating an energy saving state of the base station; as well as In response to said receiving said command: receiving a synchronization signal block (SSB) during the energy saving state; as well as Receiving a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) is stopped during the energy saving state.

35. The method of claim 34, further comprising receiving one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages from the base station, the RRC messages comprising: a first transmission parameter of the SSB of the cell; as well as a second transmission parameter of the P-CSI-RS of the cell.

36. The method of claim 35, further comprising, in response to the receiving the one or more RRC messages, from the base station: receiving the SSB based on the first transmission parameter; and The P-CSI-RS is received based on the second transmission parameters.

37. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 36, wherein the command instructs the base station to transition from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

38. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 37, wherein in a non-energy saving state, the base station: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and The P-CSI-RS is transmitted in the bandwidth portion of the cell.

39. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 38, wherein the receiving the SSB is continuing the receiving the SSB based on the first transmission parameter.

40. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 39, wherein the stopping the receiving of the P-CSI-RS is stopping the receiving of the P-CSI-RS based on the second transmission parameters.

41. A method according to any one of claims 35 to 40, wherein: The first transmission parameter is a first periodicity of the SSB of the cell; and The second transmission parameter is a second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the one or more RRC messages further include a third periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell to be used in the energy saving operation of the base station.

43. The method of claim 42, further comprising, in response to receiving the command, receiving the P-CSI-RS based on a third periodicity longer than the second periodicity during the energy saving state.

44. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 43, further comprising transmitting a first CSI report based on the SSB and the P-CSI-RS to the base station.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the first CSI report comprises at least one of: the index of the SSB; or The index of the P-CSI-RS.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 34 to 45, further comprising transmitting a second CSI report based on the SSB to the base station during the energy saving state of the base station.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the second CSI report comprises one or more indices of the SSBs.

48. The method according to any one of claims 46 to 47, wherein the second CSI report is not based on the P-CSI-RS.

49. The method according to any one of claims 46 to 48, wherein the second CSI report does not include any index of the P-CSI-RS.

50. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 49, wherein the P-CSI-RS is transmitted via a CSI-RS resource of a CSI-RS resource set; and The second transmission parameter is at least one of the following: a CSI-RS resource index identifying a CSI-RS resource for each of the P-CSI-RSs; Parameters for mapping the time and frequency resources of the CSI-RS resources; one or more power control parameters; a scrambled identifier; Periodicity; offset; or Calibration information indication.

51. A method according to any one of claims 34 to 50, wherein the command is: Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages; Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE); or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

52. The method of any one of claims 34 to 51, wherein the command is downlink control information (DCI).

53. The method of claim 52, wherein: The DCI comprises a bitmap; and Each bit of the bitmap indicates whether the base station does not transmit a corresponding one of the P-CSI-RSs during the energy saving state.

54. The method according to any one of claims 52 to 53, wherein the DCI includes a switching pattern indicating which of the P-CSI-RS are turned on and off.

55. The method of any one of claims 52 to 54, wherein the DCI comprises a field indicating the periodicity of the P-CSI-RS during the energy saving state of the base station.

56. The method of any one of claims 35 to 55, wherein the one or more RRC messages further include one or more configuration parameters of a search space used to transmit the command.

57. The method of any one of claims 34 to 56, wherein the command is received after transmitting wireless device assistance information to the base station.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the wireless device assistance information is uplink control information (UCI) transmitted to the base station via a physical uplink channel.

59. The method of any one of claims 57 to 58, wherein the wireless device assistance information indicates a time threshold for application of a transmission from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

60. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 59, wherein during the energy saving state, the base station: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and Transmission of the P-CSI-RS in the bandwidth portion of the cell is stopped.

61. The method according to any one of claims 34 to 60, wherein the base station, before transmitting the command: transmitting the SSB in a bandwidth portion of a cell; and The P-CSI-RS is transmitted in the bandwidth portion of the cell.

62. A method according to any one of claims 34 to 61, wherein the command does not indicate an active bandwidth portion switch in a cell.

63. An apparatus comprising: one or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of claims 33 to 62.

64. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 33 to 62.

65. A method comprising: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are transmitted by a base station to a wireless device, the RRC messages comprising: a first periodicity of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) of the cell; and a second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS for the cell in an energy saving state of the base station; In response to the transmitting the one or more RRC messages, transmitting the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the first periodicity; receiving, from the wireless device, a first CSI report of the first periodicity based on the P-CSI-RS; transmitting downlink control information (DCI) indicating the energy saving state of the base station to the wireless device; In response to the transmitting the DCI: ceasing the transmission of the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the first periodicity during the energy saving state; and transmitting the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the second periodicity during the energy saving state; and During the energy saving state of the base station, receiving from the wireless device a second CSI report as follows: The first periodicity is not based on the P-CSI-RS; and The second periodicity is based on the P-CSI-RS.

66. A method comprising: transmitting, by a base station to a wireless device, a command indicating an energy saving state of the base station; as well as In response to said transmitting said command: ceasing to transmit a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) based on a first periodicity during the energy saving state; as well as During the energy saving state, the P-CSI-RS is transmitted based on a second periodicity.

67. The method of claim 66, further comprising transmitting, by the base station to the wireless device, one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages, the RRC messages comprising: the first periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of a cell; as well as The second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell in the energy saving state of the base station.

68. The method of claim 67, further comprising transmitting the P-CSI-RS based on the first periodicity in response to the transmitting the one or more RRC messages.

69. The method of any one of claims 66 to 68, wherein the command instructs the base station to transition from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

70. The method according to any one of claims 66 to 69, wherein in a non-energy saving state, the base station transmits the P-CSI-RS in a bandwidth portion of a cell.

71. The method of claim 70, wherein in the energy saving state, the base station transmits the P-CSI-RS in the bandwidth portion of the cell.

72. A method according to any one of claims 66 to 71, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity.

73. The method of any one of claims 66 to 71, further comprising receiving, from the wireless device, a first CSI report based on the first periodicity of the P-CSI-RS.

74. The method of claim 73, wherein the first CSI report comprises an index of the P-CSI-RS.

75. The method of any one of claims 66 to 74, further comprising receiving, from the wireless device, a second CSI report based on the second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS.

76. The method of claim 75, wherein the second CSI report comprises an index of the P-CSI-RS.

77. The method according to any one of claims 66 to 76, wherein the P-CSI-RS is transmitted via a CSI-RS resource of a CSI-RS resource set.

78. The method of any one of claims 66 to 77, wherein the command is: Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages; Medium Access Control Element (MAC CE); or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

79. The method of any one of claims 66 to 78, wherein the command is downlink control information (DCI).

80. The method of claim 79, wherein: The DCI comprises a bitmap; and Each bit of the bitmap indicates whether the base station does not transmit a corresponding one of the P-CSI-RSs during the energy saving state.

81. The method of any one of claims 79 to 80, wherein the DCI includes a switching pattern indicating which of the P-CSI-RS are turned on and off.

82. The method of any one of claims 79 to 81, wherein the DCI comprises a field indicating the periodicity of the P-CSI-RS during the energy saving state of the base station.

83. The method of any one of claims 67 to 82, wherein the one or more RRC messages further include one or more configuration parameters of a search space used to transmit the command.

84. The method of any one of claims 66 to 83, wherein the command is received after wireless device assistance information is received by the base station from the wireless device.

85. The method of claim 84, wherein the wireless device assistance information is uplink control information (UCI) transmitted to the base station via a physical uplink channel.

86. The method of any one of claims 84 to 85, wherein the wireless device assistance information indicates a time threshold for application of a transmission from a non-energy saving state to the energy saving state.

87. A method according to any one of claims 66 to 86, wherein the command does not indicate an active bandwidth portion switch in a cell.

88. An apparatus comprising: one or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of claims 65 to 87.

89. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 65 to 87.

90. A method comprising: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are received by a wireless device from a base station, the RRC messages comprising: a first periodicity of a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) of the cell; and a second periodicity of the P-CSI-RS of the cell for an energy saving state of the base station, wherein the second periodicity is longer than the first periodicity; In response to the receiving the one or more RRC messages, receiving the P-CSI-RS based on the first periodicity; Transmitting a first CSI report of the first periodicity based on the P-CSI-RS to the base station; receiving downlink control information (DCI) from the base station indicating the energy saving state of the base station; In response to the receiving the DCI: ceasing the receiving of the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the first periodicity during the energy saving state; and receiving the P-CSI-RS to the wireless device based on the second periodicity during the energy saving state; and transmitting to the base station during the energy saving state of the base station a second CSI report as follows: The first periodicity is not based on the P-CSI-RS; and The second periodicity is based on the P-CSI-RS.

91. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, from a base station a command indicating an energy saving state of the base station; as well as In response to said receiving said command: ceasing to receive a periodic channel state information reference signal (P-CSI-RS) based on a first periodicity during the energy saving state; as well as During the energy saving state, the P-CSI-RS is received based on a second periodicity.

92. An apparatus comprising: one or more processors; as well as A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of claims 90 to 91.

93. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 90 to 91.

Images