Application of geranyl acetone as insect attractant

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and control of pests, and particularly relates to application of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant, which can be used for preventing and controlling blood-sucking midges. The monomeric compound geranyl acetone serves as the blood-sucking midge attractant, is stable in property, good in attraction effect and environmentally friendly, provides a new way for efficiently preventing and controlling harassment blood sucking of the blood-sucking midge, has important significance on prevention and control of the blood-sucking midge, and has good economic benefits and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biological pest control, and particularly relates to application of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant. Background Art

[0002] Midges belong to the order Diptera, the suborder Longicornis, and the family Ceratidae. Among them, the genera such as Formosan midges, Culicoides, Micromidae, and Ceratidae are groups that like to suck the blood of humans and animals, and are commonly known as blood-sucking midges. The Formosan midge Forcipomyia (Lasiohelea) taiwana is the most common type of blood-sucking midge. It directly invades humans and other animals, and can also spread pathogens, which is extremely harmful to human production and life, especially people are very susceptible to it during daily travel or field operations. In order to avoid the bites of Formosan midges, on the one hand, people try to reduce the exposure of exposed parts of the body, spray mosquito repellent floral water and other personal protection, and on the other hand, spray chemical insecticides to kill Formosan midges and other midges during daily management in scenic spots, high-end communities, etc., and at the same time clean up their suitable breeding grounds to reduce the chances of Formosan midges to continue to reproduce and lay eggs. Due to the large number of Taiwan midges, effective prevention and control requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, and the control effect is not good. Therefore, the prevention and control of Taiwan midges needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Existing methods of repelling and chemical killing have certain limitations. Among them, existing chemical pesticides will pollute the environment on the one hand, and will kill all insects without targeting on the other hand, which will have a negative impact on biodiversity. At present, there are also applications of compounds in insect repellents, such as dihydrocarvone in attracting Botrytis cinerea and / or western flower thrips.

[0004] Geranyl acetone, also known as potassium dihydrogen ionone, is a precious spice with the aroma of magnolia. It has a fresh, clear, light floral aroma, slightly sweet-rose fragrance, and is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol. At present, the application of geranyl acetone is mainly added to cosmetics as a flavor, or used as an edible flavor in food processing and production. In order to further expand the application scope of geranyl acetone, it is necessary to develop new applications for geranyl acetone. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant, which can show good attractivity to blood-sucking midges, thereby expanding the application scope of geranyl acetone.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows.

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides the use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant, wherein the insects include blood-sucking midges.

[0008] The geranyl acetone in the present invention can show good attraction to blood-sucking midges, and the attraction rate of blood-sucking midges can reach up to 72.1%. In addition, the present invention evaluates the electrophysiology and behavior of blood-sucking midges through a potentioantenna meter and a Y-tube device, confirming that geranyl acetone has the effect of efficiently attracting blood-sucking midges, thereby developing new applications for geranyl acetone, which can be used as an attractant for blood-sucking midges, and provides a new direction for subsequent efficient killing of blood-sucking midges.

[0009] In another preferred embodiment, the insect attractant is obtained by diluting geranyl acetone with an alcohol solvent; the alcohol solvent is anhydrous ethanol; and the mass percentage concentration of geranyl acetone in the insect attractant is 0.0001% to 0.1%.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, the blood-sucking midge comprises a midge.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the midge is the Taiwan midge.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides a midge attractant, which is obtained by diluting the geranyl acetone with anhydrous ethanol;

[0013] In the midge attractant, the mass percentage concentration of geranyl acetone is 0.0001% to 0.1%.

[0014] The third aspect of the present invention provides a midge attractant core, wherein the core comprises the midge attractant.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the midge attractant core further comprises a carrier.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the carrier is a reverse-mouth rubber head or a polyethylene bottle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The geranyl acetone in the present invention has a good attracting effect on blood-sucking midges, and when the mass percentage of the insect attractant is 0.001%, the attracting rate of blood-sucking midges can reach 72.1%. Geranyl acetone is used as an attractant to attract blood-sucking midges, and its properties are stable and the attracting effect is good. The attracting effect on blood-sucking midges is good, which is conducive to large-scale trapping and killing of blood-sucking midges in the later stage, and plays a key role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the results of attracting Formosan midges with different concentrations of geranyl acetone in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a graph of antennal potential results in Example 2 of the present invention, wherein EAG represents antennal potential. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] The existing methods of avoiding and chemically killing Formosan midges have certain limitations. Among them, the existing chemical insecticides will pollute the environment on the one hand, and will kill all insects without targeting on the other hand, which will have a negative impact on biodiversity. At present, there are also applications of compounds in insect repellents, such as dihydrocarvone in attracting oxhorn flower tooth thrips and / or western flower thrips. However, the application of geranyl acetone in attracting blood-sucking midges has not yet been found. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a specific attractant for Formosan midges, so as to facilitate large-scale trapping and killing of Formosan midges in tourist attractions, communities, etc., reduce the harassment, blood sucking and other discomfort or severe allergic reactions caused by them, which has important economic and social benefits.

[0025] The geranyl acetone in the embodiment of the present invention can show good attraction to Taiwan midges. By diluting the geranyl acetone with anhydrous ethanol, an insect attractant with a mass percentage concentration of 0.0001% to 0.1% is obtained. The insect attractant has stable properties and good attraction effect. The electrophysiology and behavior of Taiwan midges are evaluated by a potentioantenna meter and a Y-tube device, thereby verifying that the geranyl acetone can have a good attraction to Taiwan midges. When the mass percentage of the insect attractant is 0.001%, the attraction rate to Taiwan midges can reach 72.1%.

[0026] Geranyl acetone was purchased from Shanghai Bid Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0027] Formosan midge: Female Formosan midge adults were collected in Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province (26°25′N, 106°40′E), kept in a saturated state, and cultured in the laboratory after collection. The species was identified as Formosan midge.

[0028] The laboratory culture conditions of Taiwan midges were: 25±2°C, relative humidity: 75±2%, light conditions of 12h:12h (L:D) cycle, and feeding with 5% honey water; they were used for testing after being starved for 12 hours.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The attractant effect of different concentrations of insect attractants on Formosan midges

[0031] Dissolve geranyl acetone in anhydrous ethanol to prepare solutions with mass percentage concentrations of 0.000001%, 0.00001%, 0.0001%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1% and 10% respectively to obtain insect attractants of different concentrations, and refrigerate in a 4°C refrigerator for use.

[0032] 1) Evaluation of the effect of attracting Taiwan midges

[0033] The Formosan midges to be tested were placed in the test room to adapt to the environment for 1 hour. The experiment used natural light, and five replicates were tested using different concentrations of insect attractants.

[0034] use Figure 1 The test device in the experiment was used for measurement. The experiment was divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group added 100μL of insect attractants of different concentrations on a 2.5cm×5cm filter paper, and the control group added an equal amount of anhydrous ethanol on a 2.5cm×5cm filter paper. After the anhydrous ethanol in the experimental group and the control group evaporated completely, they were placed in two sample bottles of the test device respectively. During the measurement process, the insect attractants of different concentrations were pumped into the two sample bottles after passing through the washing bottle and the drying tower by an air pump, and the gas flow was controlled by a flow meter to be 0.4L / min.

[0035] 20 Formosan midges were placed in the straight tube of the Y-shaped tube, and the first choice of the Formosan midges within 5 minutes was observed. If they did not choose within 5 minutes, it was recorded as no reaction. The filter paper was replaced every time an experiment was conducted. After every 2 measurements, the directions of the two arms of the Y-shaped tube were swapped to eliminate the influence of the geometric position on the tendency behavior of the test insects. After repeating 5 times, the number of Formosan midges in the experimental group and the control group were counted respectively, and the average attraction rate and selection rate of the five repeated groups were calculated. The results are shown in Figure 2 And as shown in Table 1.

[0036] Attraction rate = number of Formosan midges that chose the experimental group or the control group / total number of Formosan midges that made the choice × 100%.

[0037] Table 1 The attraction rate of different concentrations of midge attractants to Taiwan midges

[0038] concentration Midge attractant attraction rate (%) Absolute ethanol attraction rate (%) 0.000001％ 50％ 50％ 0.00001％ 54.2％ 45.8％ 0.0001％ 59.3％* 40.7％ 0.001％ 72.1％** 27.9％ 0.01％ 62.3％** 37.7％ 0.1％ 59.6％* 40.4％ 1％ 52.1％ 47.9％ 10％ 45.2％ 54.8％

[0039] Note: The number with “*” indicates that there is a difference in the attractant rate between the experimental group and the control group, and the most attractive concentration of the reagent was screened out.

[0040] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that when the mass percentage of the insect attractant in the present invention is 0.000001%, the attraction rate of Taiwan midges is equivalent to that of anhydrous ethanol. When the mass percentage of the insect attractant is 0.0001% to 1%, the attraction rate of Taiwan midges is greater than that of anhydrous ethanol, and the attraction rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the mass percentage of the midge attractant is 0.001%, the attraction rate of Taiwan midges is the highest, reaching 72.1%, which is more than twice the attraction rate of anhydrous ethanol. When the mass percentage of the insect attractant is higher than 1% and reaches 10%, the attraction rate of Taiwan midges is lower than the attraction rate of anhydrous ethanol. It shows that within a certain concentration range, the higher the concentration, the better the attraction effect, but beyond this range, the stimulation caused by excessively high concentration will be stronger, causing discomfort, which is similar to the detection results in mosquitoes.

[0041] The Chi-square test was used to screen the attraction. The results with "*" showed that 0.001% geranyl acetone had the best attraction effect on Taiwan midges, reaching 72.1%.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Electrophysiological experiment of midge attractant on Formosan midge

[0044] In order to further verify whether 0.001% geranyl acetone produces a stimulating response to Formosan midges, the classic electrophysiological experiment in entomology, namely the antennal potential instrument, was used to test Formosan midges. Healthy and active female adults of Formosan midges were selected, one antenna was taken, and after the baseline was stable, the test was carried out according to the operating procedures.

[0045] This part of the experiment was divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group. In the experimental group, 100 μL of the insect attractants of different concentrations in Example 1 were added to a 2.5 cm×5 cm filter paper.

[0046] For the control group, an equal amount of anhydrous ethanol was added to a 2.5 cm × 5 cm filter paper. During the test, 15 uL of the reagents for the experimental and control groups were taken and added to a 4 cm × 0.5 cm filter paper strip. The air flow rate was 600 mL / min, and the flow rate of the stimulating gas generated by the experimental and control groups was 500 mL / min. The stimulation was performed once every 1 min, and each stimulation lasted 0.5 s.

[0047] One antenna was taken from each adult, and the order of the volatiles to be tested was randomly selected. The order of the test was from the control group to the experimental group and then to the control group. Among them, the order of the experimental group was from low to high concentration, and each concentration of geranyl acetone was repeated 10 times. The stimulus was placed at the small hole on the taste tube to start the test recording, and the relative value of the antennal potential response was calculated. The results are as follows Figure 3 The calculation formula of the relative value of antennal potential response is as follows:

[0048] V = 2R / (C1 + C2);

[0049] Wherein, V represents the relative value of antennal potential response, R represents the antennal potential value of the odorant, C1 represents the antennal potential value of the anhydrous ethanol sample of the control group before the test compound, and C2 represents the antennal potential value of the anhydrous ethanol sample of the control group after the test compound.

[0050] from Figure 3 It can be seen that with the increase of stimulation concentration, that is, the increase of geranyl acetone concentration, the stimulation response of Taiwan midge also increases. When the concentration of geranyl acetone is 0.001%, the stimulation response to Taiwan midge reaches a maximum value of 1.49±0.29, which can further prove that 0.001% geranyl acetone has a stimulating effect on Taiwan midge.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The effect of attractant core on Formosan midges

[0053] The geranylacetone is diluted with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a midge attractant, and the midge attractant is dripped onto a carrier to obtain a midge attractant core. The mass percentage concentration of the geranylacetone in the midge attractant is 0.1%, and the carrier is a polyethylene bottle.

[0054] The midge attractant core prepared above can be hung outdoors in a rotatable manner to attract Taiwan midges.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art can still combine, add, delete or make other adjustments to the features in the embodiments of the present invention according to circumstances without conflict and without making any creative effort, so as to obtain different other technical solutions that do not deviate from the concept of the present invention in essence, and these technical solutions also belong to the scope to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant, characterized in that: The insects include blood-sucking midges.

2. The use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect attractant is obtained by diluting geranyl acetone with an alcohol solvent; The alcohol solvent is anhydrous ethanol; In the insect attractant, the mass percentage concentration of geranyl acetone is 0.0001% to 0.1%.

3. The use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood-sucking midges include midges.

4. The use of geranyl acetone as an insect attractant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The midge is the Taiwan midge.

5. A midge attractant, characterized in that: The geranylacetone described in claim 1 is diluted with anhydrous ethanol to obtain the geranylacetone; In the midge attractant, the mass percentage concentration of geranyl acetone is 0.0001% to 0.1%.

6. A midge attractant core, characterized in that: The bait core comprises the midge attractant according to claim 5.

7. The midge attractant core according to claim 6, characterized in that: The midge attractant core also includes a carrier.

8. The midge attractant core according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carrier is a reverse-mouth rubber head or a polyethylene bottle.

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