A movable infiltration type hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and specifically discloses a movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir, which includes a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or a cube. The main frame includes a front water retaining plate, a rear water retaining plate, side water retaining plates located on both sides of the main frame, and an upper water retaining plate; a front diversion system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the front water retaining plate; a rear diversion system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the rear water retaining plate; the main frame is filled with filter media; both ends of the front diversion system and the rear diversion system are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame. The ecological weir provided by the present invention has good water treatment and purification effects, can meet different water channel conditions and environmental requirements, is flexible to use, and has a relatively simple structure, and is economical and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economic society, the ecological environment such as water quality has been increasingly emphasized, and various water treatment methods have been developed and applied, such as physical treatment represented by sedimentation and filtration, chemical treatment represented by flocculation and disinfection, biological treatment represented by activated sludge method and wetland treatment, membrane treatment methods represented by nanofiltration and ultrafiltration, advanced oxidation treatment represented by photocatalysis and ozone catalysis, and ecological engineering water treatment technology represented by ecological weirs. Among them, the ecological weir is a facility for water treatment using natural ecological principles, mainly used to improve water quality, protect the ecological environment and restore water body functions. Its functions are mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Water quality purification: Through the roots of plants and the action of microorganisms, the ecological weir can effectively remove nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and organic pollutants in water, and reduce the eutrophication degree of the water body; (2) Ecological restoration: The ecological weir can provide habitats for aquatic organisms, promote biodiversity, and restore the ecological balance of the water body. By planting aquatic plants, a good ecological environment is formed to attract fish and other aquatic organisms; (3) Flood regulation: The ecological weir can regulate water flow, slow down the impact of floods, reduce water level fluctuations, and protect the surrounding ecological environment and human activity areas; (4) Sedimentation and filtration: The design of the ecological weir usually includes sedimentation tanks and filter layers, which can effectively remove suspended solids and sediments in water and improve the transparency of the water body; (5) Landscape beautification: The ecological weir not only has the function of water treatment, but also can beautify the environment, enhance the landscape value of the area, and become a part of urban green spaces and ecological parks. Since the ecological weir belongs to a kind of natural water treatment method, it has the advantages of ecological friendliness, good sustainability, multi-functionality and strong adaptability, and has been studied and applied more in practice.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent document CN210797447U provides an artificial river ecological weir. Ecological plants are planted on a protective layer. As the ecological plants grow, the roots of the ecological plants extend into the planting soil, and the protective layer is arranged on the planting soil, which is beneficial to preventing the water flow overflowing the weir body from scouring the planting soil and reducing the influence of water flow scouring on the growth environment of ecological plants. However, it is constructed based on a river and is not flexible enough in use. Patent document CN109729967B provides an ecological weir. The structure formed by a load-bearing grid, a water retaining grid and a fixed skeleton and the stack structure formed by stacked vegetation bags overcome the defect that the ecological weir body is damaged by freeze-thaw. Permeable to water and sand can reduce the damage of water flow to the ecological weir body and prevent sediment deposition, thereby prolonging the service life of the ecological weir body. Similarly, it still has the disadvantage of insufficient flexibility in use and is mainly designed for special cold regions such as Northeast China. It can be seen that the ecological weirs in the prior art can play a certain role in river channel restoration, but their water purification function is limited, and most of them are built based on river channels, which greatly limits the large-scale application of the ecological weir body.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable permeable hydrodynamics-enhanced ecological weir, which has good water treatment and purification effects (can efficiently remove nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals simultaneously), can meet different water channel conditions and environmental requirements, is flexible in use, and has a relatively simple structure, and is economical and environmentally friendly.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A movable permeable hydrodynamics-enhanced ecological weir includes a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or a cube. The main frame includes a front water retaining plate, a rear water retaining plate, side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame, as well as an upper water retaining plate and a lower water retaining plate;

[0008] A front diversion system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the front water retaining plate;

[0009] A rear diversion system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the rear water retaining plate;

[0010] The main frame is filled with filter media;

[0011] Both ends of the front diversion system and the rear diversion system are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame.

[0012] As a preference of the technical solution of the present invention, a water inlet groove is arranged on the front water retaining plate; first diversion holes are opened on both the front water retaining plate and the rear water retaining plate.

[0013] Preferably, as a technical solution of the present invention, the front diversion system is an overall cavity structure, including a first horizontal plate, a first inclined plate, and a first bent plate; one side of the first horizontal plate is arranged close to the front water baffle, the other side of the first horizontal plate is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate, the upper side of the first inclined plate is connected to one side of the first bent plate, and the other side of the first bent plate is arranged close to the front water baffle; the connection between the front diversion system and the front water baffle is an open mouth, and the size of the open mouth is matched with the water inlet tank;

[0014] The second diversion hole is formed in the first inclined plate.

[0015] Preferably, as a technical solution of the present invention, the rear diversion system is an overall cavity structure, including a second horizontal plate, a first vertical plate, a third horizontal plate, a second bent plate, and a second inclined plate; one side of the second horizontal plate is connected to one side of the first vertical plate, the other side of the first vertical plate is connected to one side of the third horizontal plate, the other side of the third horizontal plate is connected to one side of the second bent plate, the other side of the second bent plate is connected to one side of the second inclined plate, and the other side of the second inclined plate is connected to the other side of the second horizontal plate;

[0016] The third diversion holes are formed in both the first vertical plate and the second inclined plate.

[0017] Preferably, as a technical solution of the present invention, the number of the front diversion system and the rear diversion system is not less than 1; when the number exceeds 1, the front diversion system and the rear diversion system are both arranged parallel to each other up and down.

[0018] Preferably, as a technical solution of the present invention,

[0019] The ecological weir is further provided with a lifting system; the lifting system includes a guide rail, a steel wire rope, a manual hoist, a steel bracket, and a water regulating plate; there are 2 steel brackets which are respectively located at both ends of the upper water baffle, and each steel bracket is installed with the manual hoist; one end of each manual hoist is connected to one end of the steel wire rope, the other end of each steel wire rope is connected to the water regulating plate, the guide rail is vertically arranged on the inner walls of the side water baffles on both sides of the main body frame and is located between the front diversion system and the rear diversion system, and the water regulating plate is installed relying on the guide rail.

[0020] Preferably, the upper water baffle is provided with a fourth diversion hole.

[0021] Preferably, the preparation of the filter material includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. Prepare biochar with rice husk as the raw material;

[0023] S2. Add the biochar obtained in step S1 to nitric acid with a concentration of 20 - 30 wt%, and conduct treatment under heating conditions. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain pre-modified biochar for standby.

[0024] S3. Mix the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and conduct high-temperature treatment. After the treatment is completed, treat it with hydrochloric acid solution. After the treatment is completed, filter, wash, and dry it to obtain pre-modified rectorite for standby.

[0025] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 to water, stir at 60 - 80 °C for 2 - 6 h. After the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain the filter material.

[0026] Preferably, in step S1, the preparation of the biochar includes the following steps: Add rice husk and potassium hydroxide to water according to a mass ratio of 1:2.5 - 4, stir at 35 - 50 °C for 4 - 8 h and then conduct drying treatment. After the treatment is completed, conduct calcination treatment under a nitrogen atmosphere at 790 - 810 °C for 0.5 - 2 h. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain the biochar.

[0027] In step S2, the mass ratio of the biochar to the nitric acid is 1:5 - 10, the heating temperature is 70 - 90 °C, and the treatment time is 2 - 4 h.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to the rectorite raw material is 0.5 - 2:1, the high-temperature treatment temperature is 790 - 810 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 2 h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8 - 12 wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65 - 80 °C, and the treatment time is 1 - 3 h.

[0029] In step S4, the mass ratio of the pre-modified biochar, the pre-modified rectorite, and water is 1:0.5 - 0.8:5 - 12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350 - 450 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 4 h.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The ecological weir provided by the present invention is composed of one or more outer walls to form a chamber, and the inside is filled with filter material, which has good purification effects on different pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals, etc., and greatly improves the water treatment quality.

[0032] (2) The ecological weir provided by the present invention, based on the purification of water bodies, can significantly improve the aquatic habitat, increase dissolved oxygen, and further promote the healthy development of the aquatic ecosystem.

[0033] (3) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can control the flow rate through the ecological weir through the front diversion system on the water inlet side and the rear diversion system on the water outflow side. This design not only improves the efficiency of pollutant removal but also ensures the stability of the water flow.

[0034] (4) The ecological weir provided by the present invention, with the front diversion system on the water inlet side and the rear diversion system on the water outflow side, allows part of the fluid to pass downstream after entering the weir and part of it to return upstream for further treatment. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filter medium but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0035] (5) The ecological weir provided by the present invention, through manual operation, the water regulating plate inside the weir body can be lifted or lowered as needed to adapt to different water channel conditions and environmental requirements. For example, in the flood season, the weir body can be lowered to reduce the obstruction to the water flow; in the dry season, the control and treatment effect of the weir body on the water flow can be enhanced.

[0036] (6) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can be installed in series or parallel, suitable for different water channel conditions. In addition, an engineered riverbed (i.e., an engineered subsurface flow zone) can be installed under the ecological weir to further enhance its water treatment capacity.

[0037] (7) The filter media used in the present invention are prepared by a specific method and can achieve the best filtration and adsorption effects. Specifically: The present invention uses common rice husks and rectorite as the main raw materials. Among them, rice husks are a common agricultural and forestry by-product, with both environmental and economic benefits; First, biochar materials are prepared from rice husks, and then the biochar materials are treated with nitric acid. The purpose of nitric acid treatment is one to clear the pores and improve the specific surface area, and the second purpose is to introduce oxygen-containing groups, which is beneficial for subsequent compounding with rectorite; Rectorite has certain adsorption properties, but there are deficiencies such as low adsorption saturation capacity and slow adsorption. In this regard, in the present invention, it is first subjected to high-temperature alkali fusion treatment to enrich the pore structure and increase the specific surface area, initially improving its adsorption properties. Subsequently, it is treated with hydrochloric acid. The purpose of hydrochloric acid treatment is one to clear the pores and further increase its specific surface area, and the second purpose is to further introduce groups such as hydroxyl groups, facilitating the combination of the modified rectorite and the biochar material rich in oxygen-containing groups through hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, etc., improving the compound use effect of the two and the specific surface area of the composite material, and ultimately achieving a significant improvement in adsorption performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front water retaining plate of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water retaining plate structure behind the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water retaining plate structure on the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front diversion system structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear diversion system structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0045] Among them, 1, front water retaining plate; 2, rear water retaining plate; 3, upper water retaining plate; 31, fourth diversion hole; 4, front diversion system; 41, first horizontal plate; 42, first inclined plate; 43, first bending plate; 44, second diversion hole; 5, rear diversion system; 51, second horizontal plate; 52, first vertical plate; 53, third horizontal plate; 54, second bending plate, 55, second inclined plate; 56, third diversion hole; 6, filter material; 7, lifting system; 71, guide rail; 72, steel wire rope; 73, manual winch; 74, steel support; 75, water regulating plate; 8, water inlet trough; 9, first diversion hole. Specific embodiments

[0046] In order to clearly illustrate the invention purpose, technical solution and invention advantages of the present invention, the following will further elaborate on the present invention in combination with the embodiments of the specification.

[0047] See Figure 1 , the present invention provides a movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir, including a main body frame in the shape of a cuboid or cube, and the main body frame includes a front water retaining plate 1, a rear water retaining plate 2, side water retaining plates on both sides of the main body frame, and an upper water retaining plate 3 and a lower water retaining plate;

[0048] A front diversion system 4 is arranged in parallel on one side inside the main body frame and close to the front water retaining plate 1;

[0049] A rear diversion system 5 is arranged in parallel on one side inside the main body frame and close to the rear water retaining plate 2;

[0050] The main body frame is filled with filter material 6;

[0051] Both ends of the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5 are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main body frame.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the ecological weir is formed by splicing front, rear, left, right and upper and lower baffles, constituting a cuboid or cube structure. Water flows in from the front water retaining plate 1 and flows out from the rear water retaining plate 2; during the process of the internal flow of the water body ecological weir body, through the action of the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5, the effect of disturbing the water body flow is achieved, and the purification effect of the filter material 6 on the pollutants in the water body is improved.

[0053] In some embodiments, further refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a water inlet groove 8 is arranged on the front water retaining plate 1; first diversion holes 9 are formed on both the front water retaining plate 1 and the rear water retaining plate 2.

[0054] Through the arrangement of the water inlet groove 8, water flow can directly enter the front diversion system 4 inside the ecological weir; at the same time, the water flow can also flow in from multiple directions through the first diversion holes 9. By adjusting the specifications of the water inlet groove 8 and the size and quantity of the first diversion holes 9, the water body flow rate can be regulated, ensuring the flexibility of the use of the ecological weir.

[0055] In some embodiments, further refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the front diversion system 4 is a cavity structure as a whole, including a first horizontal plate 41, a first inclined plate 42, and a first bent plate 43; one side of the first horizontal plate 41 is arranged close to the front water retaining plate 1, the other side of the first horizontal plate 41 is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate 42, the upper side of the first inclined plate 42 is connected to one side of the first bent plate 43, and the other side of the first bent plate 43 is arranged close to the front water retaining plate 1; the connection part of the front diversion system 4 and the front water retaining plate 1 is an open mouth, and the size of the open mouth is matched with the water inlet groove 8;

[0056] A second diversion hole 44 is formed on the first inclined plate 42.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the front diversion system 4 is installed relying on the left and right side plates of the ecological weir and is arranged close to the front water retaining plate 1. In terms of its structure, the first horizontal plate 41 abuts against and is perpendicular to the front water retaining plate 1, the first inclined plate 42 is obliquely arranged, and the overall installation height is higher than that of the first horizontal plate 41, and the two form a folded shape; the first bent plate 43 is circular arc-shaped as a whole, and one end is close to the front water retaining plate 1, and together with the first horizontal plate 41 and the first inclined plate 42, a cavity structure close to the front water retaining plate 1 is formed; and further refer to Figure 2, the cavity structure of the front diversion system 4 is open on one side of the front water baffle 1 and exactly matches the size of the water inlet groove 8 opened on the front water baffle 1. Obviously, it can be understood that the so-called connection on one side refers to the side connection. Taking the connection between the other side of the first horizontal plate 41 and the lower side of the first inclined plate 42 as an example, it means that the other side edge of the first horizontal plate 41 is connected to the side edge of the lower end of the first inclined plate 42. Such an understanding does not deviate from the general understanding of those skilled in the art and can be confirmed by referring to the attached drawings of the specification.

[0058] With the above structure of the front diversion system 4, part of the water flow returns to the upstream for further treatment, while the other part of the water flow outside the front diversion system 4 enters the downstream directly after entering the ecological weir body. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filtering medium but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0059] In some embodiments, further refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 , the rear diversion system 5 is a cavity structure as a whole, including a second horizontal plate 51, a first vertical plate 52, a third horizontal plate 53, a second bending plate 54, and a second inclined plate 55; one side of the second horizontal plate 51 is connected to one side of the first vertical plate 52, the other side of the first vertical plate 52 is connected to one side of the third horizontal plate 53, the other side of the third horizontal plate 53 is connected to one side of the second bending plate 54, the other side of the second bending plate 54 is connected to one side of the second inclined plate 55, and the other side of the second inclined plate 55 is connected to the other side of the second horizontal plate 51;

[0060] Both the first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55 are provided with third diversion holes 56.

[0061] In the above technical solution, the structure of the rear diversion system 5 is generally similar to that of the front diversion system 4, but there are some differences between them. Specifically, the rear diversion system 5 also relies on the left and right side plates of the ecological weir and is arranged close to the rear water baffle 2. The second horizontal plate 51 is parallel to the upper water baffle 3 and the lower water baffle of the ecological weir, and the third horizontal plate 53 is located below the second horizontal plate 51 and is parallel to it; the first vertical plate 52 is parallel to the front water baffle 1 and the rear water baffle 2 and is located on the side of the second horizontal plate 51 far from the rear water baffle 2. The first vertical plate 52 connects the second horizontal plate 51 and the third horizontal plate 53; the second inclined plate 55 is inclined, and its overall height is higher than that of the second horizontal plate 51, and the two form a folded structure; the second bending plate 54 is generally circular arc-shaped, with one end connected to the second inclined plate 55 and the other end connected to the third horizontal plate 53; the third diversion holes 56 provided on the first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55 facilitate the water flow to flow into the rear diversion system 5 from above and horizontally.

[0062] The arrangement of the aforesaid rear diversion system 5, similarly, enables a part of the water flow to return upstream for further treatment, while another part of the water flow located outside the rear diversion system 5 directly enters the downstream after passing through the ecological weir body. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filtering medium but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0063] In some embodiments, the number of the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5 arranged is not less than 1; when the number exceeds 1, the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5 are both arranged in parallel vertically.

[0064] In some embodiments, further referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the ecological weir is further provided with a lifting system 7; the lifting system 7 includes a guide rail 71, a steel wire rope 72, a manual winch 73, a steel support 74, and a water diversion plate 75; there are 2 steel supports 74 which are respectively located at both ends of the upper water retaining plate 3, and each steel support 74 is installed with the manual winch 73; one end of each manual winch 73 is connected with one end of the steel wire rope 72, and the other end of each steel wire rope 72 is connected with the water diversion plate 75. The guide rail 71 is vertically arranged on the inner walls of the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main body frame and is located between the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5, and the water diversion plate 75 is installed relying on the guide rail 71.

[0065] In the aforesaid technical solution, the arrangement of the lifting system 7 enables the ecological weir to be adjustable according to the water level height, ensuring the flexibility and effectiveness of the ecological weir arrangement. Guide rails 71 are arranged on the left and right side water retaining plates of the ecological weir, facilitating the up and down movement of the water diversion plate 75 under the action of the steel wire rope 72, and the steel wire rope 72 is manually controlled by the manual winch 73 installed at the top of the ecological weir. Obviously, based on the above arrangement, the manual winch 73 can be adjusted according to the upstream water level in different seasons. When the water level is higher than the system height, adjust the manual winch 73 to raise the water diversion plate 75 to the top. When the water level is at low flow, adjust the manual winch 73 to lower the water diversion plate 75 to the bottom. Through the above operations, the water diversion plate inside the ecological weir body can be raised or lowered as needed to adapt to different water channel conditions and environmental requirements, that is, in the flood season, the weir body can be lowered to reduce the obstruction to the water flow; in the dry season, the control and treatment effect of the weir body on the water flow can be enhanced. It should be particularly emphasized that settings such as opening holes when the steel wire rope passes through the top of the ecological weir body can be conventionally set by those skilled in the art, which does not require creative labor. The height of the water diversion plate can be flexibly set as needed, preferably being half of the height of the left and right side water retaining plates of the ecological weir.

[0066] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , the upper water retaining plate 3 is provided with a fourth diversion hole 31. With such an arrangement, it is convenient for the water flow to flow in from the upper part of the ecological weir body at high water levels.

[0067] In some embodiments, the upper water baffle 3 can be set to be detachably connected. This setting facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the ecological weir.

[0068] In some embodiments, the preparation of the filter material 6 includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Prepare biochar using rice husk as the raw material;

[0070] S2. Add the biochar obtained in step S1 to 20 - 30 wt% nitric acid, and conduct treatment under heating conditions. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain pre-modified biochar for standby;

[0071] S3. Mix the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and conduct high-temperature treatment. After the treatment is completed, treat it with hydrochloric acid solution. After the treatment is completed, filter, wash, and dry it to obtain pre-modified rectorite for standby;

[0072] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 to water, stir at 60 - 80 °C for 2 - 6 h. After the reaction ends, filter and calcine it to obtain the filter material 6.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S1, the preparation of biochar includes the following steps: Add rice husk and potassium hydroxide to water according to a mass ratio of 1:2.5 - 4, stir at 35 - 50 °C for 4 - 8 h and then conduct drying treatment. After the treatment is completed, conduct calcination treatment under a nitrogen atmosphere at 790 - 810 °C for 0.5 - 2 h. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain biochar;

[0074] In step S2, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:5 - 10, the heating temperature is 70 - 90 °C, and the treatment time is 2 - 4 h.

[0075] In some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to the rectorite raw material is 0.5 - 2:1, the high-temperature treatment temperature is 790 - 810 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 2 h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8 - 12 wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65 - 80 °C, and the treatment time is 1 - 3 h;

[0076] In step S4, the mass ratio of pre-modified biochar, pre-modified rectorite, and water is 1:0.5 - 0.8:5 - 12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350 - 450 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 4 h.

[0077] In the above technical solution, the filter material 6 is prepared by a special process to maximize the water purification effect in cooperation with the ecological weir. The preparation of the filter material 6 uses common rectorite and rice husk as the main raw materials, and through modification, a synergistic effect is produced to achieve the best effect of water body adsorption and purification. In the ecological weir, the filling ratio of the filter material 6 can be selected according to actual needs, such as between 30% and 50%, preferably 45%.

[0078] It should be particularly emphasized that the above ecological weir can be set alone or installed in series or parallel in multiple numbers to suit different water channel conditions. In addition, the engineering riverbed (i.e., the engineering underflow area) can be installed below the ecological weir to further enhance its water treatment capacity.

[0079] Through the setting of the above ecological weir, pollutants in the water can be removed, significantly improving the aquatic habitat, increasing dissolved oxygen, and further promoting the healthy development of the aquatic ecosystem.

[0080] The following further describes the effects achieved by the movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir of the present invention through specific embodiments.

[0081] Embodiment 1

[0082] A movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir includes a rectangular parallelepiped main frame, and the main frame includes a front water retaining plate 1, a rear water retaining plate 2, side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame, an upper water retaining plate 3, and a bottom water retaining plate;

[0083] A front diversion system 4 is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the front water retaining plate 1;

[0084] A rear diversion system 5 is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame close to the rear water retaining plate 2;

[0085] The main frame is filled with a filter material 6;

[0086] Both ends of the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5 are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame.

[0087] Among them, a water inlet groove 8 is arranged on the front water retaining plate 1; first diversion holes 9 are opened on both the front water retaining plate 1 and the rear water retaining plate 2.

[0088] Among them, the front diversion system 4 is a cavity structure as a whole, including a first horizontal plate 41, a first inclined plate 42, and a first bent plate 43; one side of the first horizontal plate 41 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1, the other side of the first horizontal plate 41 is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate 42, the upper side of the first inclined plate 42 is connected to one side of the first bent plate 43, and the other side of the first bent plate 43 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1; the connection between the front diversion system 4 and the front water baffle 1 is an open mouth, and the size of the open mouth is matched with the water inlet groove 8;

[0089] A second diversion hole 44 is formed in the first inclined plate 42.

[0090] Among them, the rear diversion system 5 is a cavity structure as a whole, including a second horizontal plate 51, a first vertical plate 52, a third horizontal plate 53, a second bent plate 54, and a second inclined plate 55; one side of the second horizontal plate 51 is connected to one side of the first vertical plate 52, the other side of the first vertical plate 52 is connected to one side of the third horizontal plate 53, the other side of the third horizontal plate 53 is connected to one side of the second bent plate 54, the other side of the second bent plate 54 is connected to one side of the second inclined plate 55, and the other side of the second inclined plate 55 is connected to the other side of the second horizontal plate 51;

[0091] Third diversion holes 56 are formed in both the first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55.

[0092] Fourth diversion holes 31 are formed in the upper water baffle 3.

[0093] Embodiment 2

[0094] On the basis of the structure of the ecological weir in Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the number of the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5 is 2 each, and the two are arranged parallel to each other up and down.

[0095] Embodiment 3

[0096] On the basis of the structure of the ecological weir in Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the ecological weir is further provided with a lifting system 7; the lifting system 7 includes a guide rail 71, a steel wire rope 72, a manual winch 73, a steel bracket 74, and a water regulating plate 75; there are 2 steel brackets 74 which are respectively located at both ends of the upper water baffle 3, and each steel bracket 74 is installed with the manual winch 73; one end of each manual winch 73 is connected to one end of the steel wire rope 72, the other end of each steel wire rope 72 is connected to the water regulating plate 75, the guide rail 71 is vertically arranged on the inner walls of the side water baffles on both sides of the main frame and is located between the front diversion system 4 and the rear diversion system 5, and the water regulating plate 75 is installed relying on the guide rail 71.

[0097] Embodiment 4

[0098] Based on the structure of the ecological weir in Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, a method for preparing the filter material 6 is further provided, including the following steps:

[0099] S1. Prepare biochar using rice husks as raw materials;

[0100] S2. Add the biochar obtained in step S1 to 25 wt% nitric acid and process it under heating conditions. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain pre-modified biochar for standby;

[0101] S3. Mix the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and conduct high-temperature treatment. After the treatment is completed, treat it with hydrochloric acid solution. After the treatment is completed, filter, wash, and dry it to obtain pre-modified rectorite for standby;

[0102] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 to water, stir at 70 °C for 3.5 h. After the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain the filter material 6.

[0103] In step S1 of this embodiment, the preparation of biochar includes the following steps: Add rice husks and potassium hydroxide to water according to a mass ratio of 1:3, stir at 40 °C for 5 h and then conduct drying treatment. After the treatment is completed, conduct calcination treatment for 1 h under the conditions of a nitrogen atmosphere and 795 °C. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain biochar;

[0104] In step S2 of this embodiment, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:8, the heating temperature is 80 °C, and the treatment time is 3 h.

[0105] In step S3 of this embodiment, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to the rectorite raw material is 0.6:1, the high-temperature treatment temperature is 790 °C, and the treatment time is 1.5 h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10 wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 75 °C, and the treatment time is 2 h;

[0106] In step S4, the mass ratio of the pre-modified biochar, the pre-modified rectorite, and water is 1:0.6:8; the calcination treatment temperature is 400 °C, and the treatment time is 2 h.

[0107] In this embodiment, the filling ratio of the filter material 6 is 45%.

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] Compared with Embodiment 4, in the preparation process of the filter material 6 in this comparative example, the treatment in step S2 is not carried out, that is, the pre-modification of biochar is not carried out, and other treatment methods are the same.

[0110] Comparative Example 2

[0111] Compared with Example 4, in the preparation process of the filter material 6 in this comparative example, the treatment in step S3 is not carried out, that is, the pre-modification of rectorite is not carried out, and other treatment methods are the same.

[0112] Prepare a simulated aqueous solution (nitrogen 20 mg / L, phosphorus 15 mg / L, lead ion 20 mg / L), and place the ecological weirs obtained in Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 in an open rectangular test device respectively. The width and length of the test device should be just enough to place the ecological weir (the mass ratio of the filter material 6 to the simulated aqueous solution is about 6:100); add the prepared simulated aqueous solution into the test device, and the addition depth should be just enough to submerge the ecological weir. Continuously agitate for 0.5 h, then take samples, test the content of relevant substances in the treated simulated aqueous solution, and calculate the removal rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and lead ions. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Table 1 Test results

[0114] Group Nitrogen removal rate / % Phosphorus removal rate / % <![CDATA[Pb 2+ Removal rate / %]]> Example 4 98.3 98.9 99.1 Comparative Example 1 94.6 95.2 96.3 Comparative Example 2 96.2 96.7 97.5

[0115] It can be seen that the static adsorption test results show that the ecological weir provided by the present invention has good adsorption effects on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal lead. And from the combination of examples and comparative examples, the modified filter material of the present invention can achieve the best adsorption effect.

[0116] In summary, the movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir provided by the present invention provides an adsorption driving force based on water flow, conducts permeation treatment through the small holes opened on the weir body, and through structural innovation and multi-functional design, provides an efficient, flexible and environmentally friendly water treatment solution. It has a wide range of applications, can adapt to different water channel conditions and environmental requirements, and provides strong support for water quality improvement and ecological protection. In addition, the lifting control mechanism of the weir body enables the ecological weir to achieve the best effect in different seasons and different water channel conditions.

[0117] The above description illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement should be regarded as within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir, comprising a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, characterized in that, The main body frame includes a front water baffle (1), a rear water baffle (2), side water baffles on both sides of the main body frame, an upper water baffle (3) and a lower water baffle; A front diversion system (4) is arranged in parallel on one side inside the main body frame and close to the front water baffle (1); A rear diversion system (5) is arranged in parallel on one side inside the main body frame and close to the rear water baffle (2); The main body frame is filled with filter media (6); The preparation of the filter media (6) includes the following steps: S1. Prepare biochar using rice husk as the raw material; S2. Add the biochar obtained in step S1 into 20 - 30wt% nitric acid, and carry out treatment under heating conditions. After the treatment is completed, wash and dry it to obtain pre-modified biochar for standby; S3. Mix the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and carry out high-temperature treatment. After the treatment is completed, treat it with hydrochloric acid solution. After the treatment is completed, filter, wash and dry it to obtain pre-modified rectorite for standby; S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 into water, stir at 60 - 80°C for 2 - 6 h. After the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain the filter media (6); Both ends of the front diversion system (4) and the rear diversion system (5) are respectively installed on the side water baffles on both sides of the main body frame; An inlet water trough (8) is arranged on the front water baffle (1); first diversion holes (9) are opened on both the front water baffle (1) and the rear water baffle (2).

2. The movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front diversion system (4) is an overall cavity structure, including a first horizontal plate (41), a first inclined plate (42), and a first bent plate (43); one side of the first horizontal plate (41) is arranged close to the front water baffle (1), the other side of the first horizontal plate (41) is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate (42), the upper side of the first inclined plate (42) is connected to one side of the first bent plate (43), and the other side of the first bent plate (43) is arranged close to the front water baffle (1); the connection part between the front diversion system (4) and the front water baffle (1) is an open mouth, and the open mouth specification size matches that of the inlet water trough (8); Second diversion holes (44) are opened on the first inclined plate (42).

3. The movable osmotic hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear diversion system (5) is an overall cavity structure, including a second horizontal plate (51), a first vertical plate (52), a third horizontal plate (53), a second bent plate (54), and a second inclined plate (55); one side of the second horizontal plate (51) is connected to one side of the first vertical plate (52), the other side of the first vertical plate (52) is connected to one side of the third horizontal plate (53), the other side of the third horizontal plate (53) is connected to one side of the second bent plate (54), the other side of the second bent plate (54) is connected to one side of the second inclined plate (55), and the other side of the second inclined plate (55) is connected to the other side of the second horizontal plate (51); Third diversion holes (56) are opened on both the first vertical plate (52) and the second inclined plate (55).

4. The movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the front diversion system (4) and the rear diversion system (5) is not less than 1; when the number exceeds 1, the front diversion system (4) and the rear diversion system (5) are each arranged in parallel up and down.

5. The movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological weir is further provided with a lifting system (7); the lifting system (7) includes a guide rail (71), a steel wire rope (72), a manual hoist (73), a steel support (74), and a water diversion plate (75); there are 2 steel supports (74) which are respectively located at both ends of the upper water retaining plate (3), and each steel support (74) is equipped with the manual hoist (73); one end of each manual hoist (73) is connected to one end of the steel wire rope (72), and the other end of each steel wire rope (72) is connected to the water diversion plate (75), the guide rail (71) is vertically arranged on the inner walls of the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame and is located between the front diversion system (4) and the rear diversion system (5), and the water diversion plate (75) is installed relying on the guide rail (71).

6. The movable infiltration type hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fourth diversion hole (31) is formed in the upper water retaining plate (3).

7. An active permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the preparation of the biochar includes the following steps: adding rice husk and potassium hydroxide into water according to a mass ratio of 1:2.5 - 4, stirring at 35 - 50 °C for 4 - 8 h and then performing a drying treatment, after the treatment is completed, calcining at 790 - 810 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.5 - 2 h, and after the treatment is completed, performing washing and drying treatments to obtain the biochar; In step S2, the mass ratio of the biochar to nitric acid is 1:5 - 10, the heating temperature is 70 - 90 °C, and the treatment time is 2 - 4 h.

8. The movable osmotic hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to the rectorite raw material is 0.5 - 2:1, the high-temperature treatment temperature is 790 - 810 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 2 h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8 - 12 wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65 - 80 °C, and the treatment time is 1 - 3 h; In step S4, the mass ratio of the pre-modified biochar, the pre-modified rectorite, and water is 1:0.5 - 0.8:5 - 12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350 - 450 °C, and the treatment time is 0.5 - 4 h.

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