A temperature-sensitive concrete slurry and a method for temperature-controlled molding of concrete using 3D printing.

Abstract

This application relates to a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry and a method for temperature-controlled molding of 3D printed concrete, relating to the field of 3D printed concrete. The method includes: acquiring application scenarios and printing requirements; determining the type of temperature-sensitive material based on the application scenario; searching for the corresponding material mixing ratio from a pre-set response database based on the printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material; forming a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry based on the material mixing ratio and printing it, while executing temperature control commands. This application has the effect of adjusting the physical properties of concrete by controlling its temperature, achieving rapid hardening, continuous printing, strength enhancement, and functional diversification, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of 3D printed concrete, and in particular to a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry and a method for temperature-controlled molding of 3D printed concrete. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is an advanced manufacturing method that creates three-dimensional objects by layering materials based on digital model files. Currently, 3D printing technology has been extensively explored and applied in various fields, including manufacturing, automotive, healthcare, aerospace, and energy equipment. Particularly in the construction field, concrete 3D printing technology, with its high manufacturing efficiency, strong design flexibility, excellent resource utilization, and outstanding production consistency, has brought revolutionary changes to architectural design, production, and construction. Furthermore, concrete 3D printing technology can significantly shorten construction cycles and reduce construction costs, and can also achieve the precise construction of complex geometries, providing architects with unprecedented innovative possibilities.

[0003] In the construction industry, extrusion 3D concrete printing technology is the most basic and widely used type of printing. This technology uses a layer-by-layer concrete extrusion process to ultimately form the desired building structure or component.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems: due to the slow setting speed of concrete, as the number of printing layers increases, the cumulative load on the bottom concrete gradually increases, leading to deformation or insufficient strength of the bottom structure, which in turn affects the stability of the overall structure. There is still room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue that concrete sets slowly and the cumulative load on the bottom layer increases with the number of printing layers, leading to deformation or insufficient strength of the bottom layer structure and thus affecting the overall structural stability, this application provides a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry and a temperature-controlled molding method for 3D printing concrete.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a temperature-sensitive concrete grout, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A temperature-sensitive concrete paste includes a first concrete layer in which a temperature-sensitive element made of a temperature-sensitive material is mixed.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution and introducing temperature-sensitive materials into the interior of concrete 3D printing, the physical properties of concrete can be adjusted by controlling the temperature of the concrete, ensuring that the printing process achieves the expected results. This enables rapid hardening, continuous printing, strength enhancement, and functional diversification of concrete, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of concrete.

[0009] Optionally, the temperature-sensitive element may be made of two types of temperature-sensitive material.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, different types of temperature-sensitive materials are used to flexibly change the properties of concrete and expand the application range of concrete, addressing different problems within the concrete.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include a first temperature-sensitive material layer made of temperature-sensitive material, wherein the number of the first concrete layers is several and arranged in a stacked manner, and the first temperature-sensitive material layer is disposed between two adjacent first concrete layers.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a temperature-sensitive material is added to the surface of the printed concrete. Taking advantage of the characteristic that the overall hardness of the temperature-sensitive material changes with temperature, when the temperature changes, the overall porosity of the temperature-sensitive material decreases, forming a hard and durable three-dimensional cross-linked network structure. This process increases rigidity, forms a dense structure, and can support each layer of cement, forming a skeleton that supports the cement molding.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a temperature-sensitive concrete grout, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0014] A temperature-sensitive concrete slurry includes a second concrete layer and a second temperature-sensitive material layer. The second concrete layer consists of several layers stacked on top of each other, and the second temperature-sensitive material layer is disposed between two adjacent second concrete layers.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a temperature-sensitive material is added to the surface of the printed concrete. Taking advantage of the characteristic that the overall hardness of the temperature-sensitive material changes with temperature, when the temperature changes, the overall porosity of the temperature-sensitive material decreases, forming a hard and durable three-dimensional cross-linked network structure. This process increases rigidity, forms a dense structure, and can support each layer of cement, forming a skeleton that supports the cement molding.

[0016] Thirdly, this application provides a method for temperature-controlled molding and construction of concrete using 3D printing, employing the following technical solution:

[0017] A method for temperature-controlled molding of concrete 3D printing, applied to a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry as described above, includes:

[0018] Obtain application scenarios and printing requirements;

[0019] The type of temperature-sensitive material is determined based on the application scenario;

[0020] Based on printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material, the corresponding material mixing ratio is found from the preset response database;

[0021] The temperature-sensitive concrete slurry is formed based on the material mixing ratio and then printed, while temperature control commands are executed.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the type of temperature-sensitive material is determined based on the application scenario. Then, the mixing ratio and temperature control are determined according to the printing requirements. By controlling the temperature of the concrete, the physical properties of the concrete are adjusted to ensure that the printing process achieves the expected results. This enables the rapid hardening, continuous printing, strength enhancement, and functional diversification of concrete, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the concrete.

[0023] Optional, also includes:

[0024] Based on printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material, the corresponding theoretical negative feedback state is found from the preset feedback database;

[0025] Monitor and acquire response status during the printing process;

[0026] When the response state is the theoretical negative feedback state, a preset deceleration command is output;

[0027] Continue acquiring the response state if the response state is not the theoretical negative feedback state.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, when temperature and humidity sensors detect environmental changes simultaneously, the response state of temperature-sensitive aggregate can be determined more accurately. If the humidity is high, it may be necessary to adjust the temperature of the temperature regulating rod to compensate for the influence of humidity on the temperature-sensitive material, and ensure that the density and number of pores inside the concrete are controlled within a reasonable range.

[0029] Optionally, specific methods for forming temperature-sensitive concrete slurry based on material admixture ratios and then printing it include:

[0030] Obtain the printing drawings and determine the printing trajectory based on the printing drawings, the printing trajectory including the concrete printing trajectory and the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory;

[0031] Determine if a temperature-sensitive material layer is present;

[0032] When a temperature-sensitive material layer is present, determine whether the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1;

[0033] When the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is not 1, the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive component is defined as the first type of temperature-sensitive material, the material doping ratio corresponding to the first type of temperature-sensitive material is defined as the first material doping ratio, the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material layer is defined as the second type of temperature-sensitive material, and the material doping ratio corresponding to the second type of temperature-sensitive material is defined as the second material doping ratio.

[0034] The 3D printer controls the addition of a first thermosensitive material and cement corresponding to a first thermosensitive material type into the first extrusion port according to a first material mixing ratio. The 3D printer also controls the addition of a second thermosensitive material corresponding to a second thermosensitive material type into the second extrusion port according to a second material mixing ratio. The 3D printer is equipped with a first extrusion port for adding printed concrete and a second extrusion port for adding the first thermosensitive material layer. The 3D printer is also equipped with a first nozzle for extruding the material added into the first extrusion port and a second nozzle for extruding the material added into the second extrusion port. The 3D printer is also equipped with a temperature regulating rod for controlling the temperature.

[0035] When printing the concrete printing trajectory, the first nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the concrete printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive component on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0036] When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer, the second nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0037] When the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, the temperature-sensitive part and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material are added to the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is added to the second extrusion port of the 3D printer.

[0038] When printing the concrete printing trajectory, the first nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the concrete printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive component on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0039] When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer, the second nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0040] When no temperature-sensitive material layer is present, control the addition of temperature-sensitive components and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material into the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio;

[0041] The first nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the concrete printing path, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive component on the concrete printing path according to the temperature control command.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, when there is no temperature-sensitive layer, the materials are directly mixed and printed. When there is a temperature-sensitive layer, the process is divided into two channels: one channel contains the temperature-sensitive component and concrete, and the other channel contains the temperature-sensitive material layer. The materials are printed sequentially with temperature control. When there is no temperature-sensitive layer, there is only one channel. The temperature-sensitive component and concrete are placed directly in one of the channels and printed using a single 3D printer, which improves the efficiency of concrete 3D printing.

[0043] Optionally, when a temperature-sensitive material layer exists and the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, the method for adding the temperature-sensitive component and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and adding the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port of the 3D printer includes:

[0044] Determine if a temperature-sensitive component is present;

[0045] When a temperature-sensitive component is present, the temperature-sensitive component and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material are added to the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is added to the second extrusion port of the 3D printer.

[0046] When printing the concrete printing trajectory, the first nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the concrete printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive component on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0047] When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer, the second nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0048] When no temperature-sensitive component is present, cement is added to the first extrusion port of the 3D printer, and temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is added to the second extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the second material mixing ratio.

[0049] When printing concrete printing paths, control the first nozzle on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing path;

[0050] When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer, the second nozzle on the 3D printer is controlled to print along the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0051] Optionally, methods for controlling the first nozzle on the 3D printer to print along the concrete printing path when a temperature-sensitive component is absent include:

[0052] Determine the optimal initial temperature based on the type of temperature-sensitive material;

[0053] Based on the optimal initial temperature and concrete printing trajectory, the corresponding temperature control scheme is found from the preset temperature control database.

[0054] While controlling the first nozzle on the 3D printer to print along the concrete printing path, the temperature regulating rod controls the temperature of the concrete on the printing path of the temperature-sensitive material layer according to the temperature control scheme.

[0055] By adopting the above technical solution, when there is no temperature-sensitive material in the concrete, only cement, and there is a temperature-sensitive material layer on top of the concrete layer, the temperature can be pre-controlled to ensure that the temperature is suitable when adding the temperature-sensitive material layer, thereby improving the printing efficiency of the temperature-sensitive material layer.

[0056] Optionally, the method of controlling the addition of a temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the first type of temperature-sensitive material and cement into the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the first material mixing ratio before printing includes:

[0057] Simulation tests were conducted on the temperature-sensitive material and cement inside the first extrusion port to obtain the predicted state;

[0058] Based on the printing requirements, the corresponding requirement status is retrieved from the pre-set current status database;

[0059] Print when the predicted state and the demand state are the same;

[0060] When the predicted state and the demand state are different, determine the positive or negative value of the state based on the predicted state and the demand state.

[0061] The admixture is determined based on the positive or negative value of the state, and the admixture is either a temperature-sensitive material or cement;

[0062] After adding the admixture into the first extrusion port of the 3D printer according to the preset adjustment amount, the test continues until the predicted state and the demand state are the same. When the predicted state and the demand state are the same, the actual material admixture ratio is determined based on all the adjustment amounts to update the response database.

[0063] By adopting the above technical solution and using simulation software, the temperature changes under different printing process parameters and temperature-sensitive material characteristics are simulated to predict the molding quality and performance of concrete, thereby improving the performance stability of concrete molding.

[0064] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0065] 1. By controlling the temperature of concrete, the physical properties of concrete can be adjusted to achieve rapid hardening, continuous printing, strength enhancement, and functional diversification, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of concrete.

[0066] 2. To detect environmental changes and determine the response state of temperature-sensitive aggregates, it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the temperature control rod to compensate for the influence of humidity on the temperature-sensitive materials, and ensure that the density and number of pores inside the concrete are controlled within a reasonable range.

[0067] 3. By pre-controlling the temperature, the temperature is kept suitable when adding the temperature-sensitive material layer, which improves the printing efficiency of the temperature-sensitive material layer. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry in Embodiment 3 of this application.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry in Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0072] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a temperature-controlled molding construction method for 3D printing concrete, as described in Embodiment 5 of this application.

[0073] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a specific method for forming a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry based on the material admixture ratio and printing it, as described in Embodiment 5 of this application.

[0074] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D printer in Embodiment 5 of this application.

[0075] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a method for adding temperature-sensitive materials corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material into the first extrusion port of a 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio when a temperature-sensitive material layer exists and the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, and adding temperature-sensitive materials corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material into the second extrusion port of the 3D printer.

[0076] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a method for controlling the first nozzle on a 3D printer to print along a concrete printing trajectory when no temperature-sensitive element is present, as described in Embodiment 5 of this application.

[0077] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a method for controlling a 3D printer to print after adding a temperature-sensitive material corresponding to a first temperature-sensitive material type and cement according to a first material mixing ratio into the first extrusion port of the 3D printer in Embodiment 5 of this application.

[0078] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First concrete layer; 2. Temperature-sensitive element; 3. First temperature-sensitive material layer; 4. Second concrete layer; 5. Second temperature-sensitive material layer; 6. First extrusion port; 7. Second extrusion port; 8. First nozzle; 9. Second nozzle; 10. Temperature regulating rod. Detailed Implementation

[0079] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-10 The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0080] This application discloses a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] Reference Figure 1 A method for producing temperature-sensitive concrete slurry includes a first concrete layer 1. The first concrete layer 1 consists of several layers stacked on top of each other. A temperature-sensitive element 2, made of a temperature-sensitive material, is mixed into the first concrete layer 1. The temperature-sensitive element 2 can be made of any material whose structure and shape change with temperature. Examples include phase change materials, thermoplastic resins or plastics, cross-linked materials such as hydrogels, and liquid metals. The temperature-sensitive element 2 is used to create aggregate. This aggregate responds rapidly to temperature changes before the cement hardens, providing strength support during the printing process and preventing concrete collapse.

[0083] Here, the phase change material (PCM) is represented by the spherical structure in the diagram. PCM undergoes a phase change at a specific phase change temperature, transitioning between a solid and a liquid state. When a PCM changes from liquid to solid, its stiffness and mechanical properties significantly increase, thus affecting the overall structural stability. PCMs that are liquid at room temperature, such as polyethylene glycol and paraffin wax, are chosen because they possess excellent phase change properties and heat storage capabilities. Selecting a PCM with a suitable phase change temperature allows it to absorb ambient heat during the day when temperatures are high and release heat into the room at night when temperatures drop, thereby regulating indoor temperature.

[0084] Thermoplastic resins undergo rapid solidification upon heating, and this rapid structural change enhances the material's strength. During heating, the molecular chain activity of the thermoplastic resin intensifies, gradually forming a stable cross-linked network structure within the material, thus significantly improving its stiffness and mechanical properties. The rapid solidification of thermoplastic resins optimizes the molding speed of concrete, effectively improving the construction efficiency of 3D printing. This is particularly suitable for printing projects with large spans or complex geometries, helping to increase construction efficiency and reduce errors and material waste.

[0085] Hydrogen-bonded hydrogels have a linear structure as shown in the image. At lower temperatures, the structure of hydrogen-bonded hydrogels becomes denser and more stable. When hydrogen-bonded hydrogels are incorporated as a temperature-sensitive material into concrete 3D printing, the temperature regulating rod 10 moves through the hydrogel. As the temperature decreases, the stability of the hydrogen bonds increases, strengthening the intermolecular forces within the hydrogel. With the strengthening of hydrogen bonds, the distance between polymer chains shortens, leading to a tighter network structure and increased density. This improves the mechanical properties of the hydrogel, significantly and effectively reducing voids within the cement, increasing the density of the concrete, and effectively assisting in the printing and molding of cement-based substrates. The reversible nature of hydrogen-bonded hydrogels also adds self-healing capabilities to concrete 3D printing. When the temperature returns to a suitable range, the hydrogel can reabsorb a certain amount of water, thus restoring some flexibility and providing long-term toughness and fatigue resistance to the concrete.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] Reference Figure 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that two types of temperature-sensitive materials are used. The phase change material has a spherical structure as shown in the figure, and the hydrogen-bonded hydrogel has a linear structure as shown in the figure.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] Reference Figure 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a first temperature-sensitive material layer 3 is provided between two adjacent first concrete layers 1. Taking thermoplastic resin as an example, during the heating process, the molecular chain activity of thermoplastic resin intensifies, and a stable cross-linked network structure gradually forms inside the material, thereby significantly improving its stiffness and mechanical properties.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] Reference Figure 4 A method for applying temperature-sensitive concrete slurry includes a second concrete layer 4 and a second temperature-sensitive material layer 5. The second concrete layers 4 are multiple layers arranged in a stacked configuration. The second temperature-sensitive material layer 5 is laid between two adjacent second concrete layers 4.

[0092] Example 5

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention provides a method for temperature-controlled molding and construction of concrete using 3D printing.

[0094] Reference Figure 5 A method for temperature-controlled molding of concrete using 3D printing, comprising:

[0095] Step 100: Obtain the application scenario and printing requirements.

[0096] The application scenario refers to the condition in which the concrete needs to be cured, such as an application design scenario that enhances stiffness through a cooling process or an application design scenario that enhances stiffness through a heating process. The printing requirement refers to the requirements of the concrete structure, such as rapid prototyping or high requirements for strength and durability. Both are input methods, or users can select options based on specific criteria.

[0097] Step 101: Determine the type of temperature-sensitive material based on the application scenario.

[0098] The types of temperature-sensitive materials are categorized here, primarily for their temperature control applications. This categorization can be achieved through a database lookup, which stores a mapping between application scenarios and temperature-sensitive material types. This mapping is determined by researchers in the field based on actual research findings of temperature-sensitive material variations, extensive experience, and experimentation. When the system receives a corresponding application scenario, it automatically retrieves the appropriate temperature-sensitive material type from the database and outputs it.

[0099] Step 102: Based on the printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material, find the corresponding material mixing ratio and temperature control command from the preset response database.

[0100] The material admixture ratio refers to the proportion of thermosensitive material added to concrete. By adjusting the amount of thermosensitive material, the rheological properties and temperature response of the concrete are controlled, making it printable and controllable. The database stores a mapping relationship between printing requirements, thermosensitive material types, and material admixture ratios. This is obtained by professionals in the field through experiments and performance tests on different types and admixture ratios of thermosensitive materials, and the results are converted into corresponding printing requirements and recorded. When the system receives a corresponding printing requirement and thermosensitive material type, it automatically retrieves the corresponding material admixture ratio from the database and outputs it.

[0101] Step 103: Based on the material mixing ratio, form a temperature-sensitive concrete slurry and print it, and execute the temperature control command.

[0102] The temperature control command is used to control the temperature adjustment rate. The concrete will be tested here. If the strength and durability of the printed concrete are sufficiently high, or if rapid molding is required, then different temperature adjustment rates are needed. For concrete structures requiring rapid molding, a faster temperature change rate allows temperature-sensitive materials such as paraffin or hydrogen-bonded hydrogels to increase their stiffness or density more quickly. If the printed concrete requires high strength and durability, a slower temperature adjustment rate allows the temperature-sensitive materials to cure more fully and their performance to be more stable.

[0103] Step 104: Based on the printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material, find the corresponding theoretical negative feedback state from the preset feedback database.

[0104] The theoretical negative feedback state refers to the performance indicators corresponding to the state of negative feedback if it theoretically exists. Negative feedback includes a decrease in aggregate performance or failure of temperature control. The corresponding performance indicators might be a slowdown in temperature change, an increase in pressure, or an increase in humidity. The database stores the mapping relationship between printing requirements, types of temperature-sensitive materials, and theoretical negative feedback states. This mapping is obtained by experts in the field through analysis of negative feedback states that occur during actual printing according to printing requirements. When the system receives the corresponding printing requirements and types of temperature-sensitive materials, it automatically retrieves the corresponding theoretical negative feedback state from the database and outputs it.

[0105] Step 105: Monitor and obtain the response status during the printing process.

[0106] The response status refers to the state of the concrete feedback during the printing process. This can be obtained through corresponding sensor detection methods, such as humidity or temperature sensors.

[0107] Step 106: When the response state is the theoretical negative feedback state, output the preset deceleration command.

[0108] The deceleration command is a command to reduce the temperature control adjustment rate, and is also a type of temperature control command. When the response state is the same as the theoretical negative feedback state, it indicates that a negative feedback state has occurred, affecting structural performance. If the temperature drops too low, it may slow down the cement hydration reaction and prolong the hardening time, potentially leading to insufficient early strength. If the temperature rises too high, it may cause thermal stress, resulting in cracks. For example, when the sensor receives data showing excessively high humidity, this high humidity will affect the performance and hardening process of the printed concrete, slowing down the cement hydration reaction, slowing down the hardening process, and delaying the formation of early strength. The temperature of the temperature regulating rod 10 needs to be adjusted to compensate for the influence of humidity on the temperature-sensitive material and cement. In this case, the temperature adjustment rate needs to be slowed down.

[0109] Step 107: Continue to acquire the response state if the response state is not the theoretical negative feedback state.

[0110] If the response status is not the theoretical negative feedback status, it means that printing is normal at this time. Then, continue to execute the instructions in step 103 to ensure the smooth progress of the printing process.

[0111] Reference Figure 6 Specific methods for forming temperature-sensitive concrete slurry based on material admixture ratios and then printing it include:

[0112] Step 200: Obtain the print drawing and determine the print path based on the print drawing.

[0113] The drawings to be printed are drawings of the concrete structure that need to be printed.

[0114] The printing trajectory includes the concrete printing trajectory and the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, which are the movement paths of the 3D printer. It can be determined by direct reading; that is, the printing drawing also describes and explains the movement path, which can then be read and analyzed.

[0115] Step 201: Determine whether a temperature-sensitive material layer exists.

[0116] The purpose of this judgment is to determine whether the printing of a temperature-sensitive material layer is necessary. It should be noted that the temperature-sensitive material layer here can be either the first temperature-sensitive material layer 3 or the second temperature-sensitive material layer 5.

[0117] Step 202: When a temperature-sensitive material layer is present, determine whether the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1.

[0118] The purpose of the determination is to determine whether different temperature-sensitive materials are mixed in the corresponding channels, thus resulting in different temperature control.

[0119] Step 203: When the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is not 1, the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive component 2 is defined as the first type of temperature-sensitive material, the material doping ratio corresponding to the first type of temperature-sensitive material is defined as the first material doping ratio, the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material layer 3 is defined as the second type of temperature-sensitive material, and the material doping ratio corresponding to the second type of temperature-sensitive material is defined as the second material doping ratio.

[0120] Step 204: Add the temperature-sensitive material and cement corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material type into the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the first material mixing ratio, and add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the second temperature-sensitive material type into the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer according to the second material mixing ratio.

[0121] like Figure 7 As shown, the 3D printer has a first extrusion port 6 for adding printed concrete and a second extrusion port 7 for adding a first temperature-sensitive material layer 3. The 3D printer also has a first nozzle 8 for extruding the material added into the first extrusion port 6 and a second nozzle 9 for extruding the material added into the second extrusion port 7. The first extrusion port 6 and the first nozzle 8 are connected, and the second extrusion port 7 and the second nozzle 9 are also connected. The 3D printer further includes a temperature control rod 10 to control the temperature of the printed concrete or temperature-sensitive material layer.

[0122] Step 205: When printing the concrete printing trajectory, control the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element 2 on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0123] For concrete structures requiring rapid molding, a higher temperature change rate can be used to accelerate the response speed of temperature-sensitive aggregates; for concrete structures with high strength and durability requirements, a lower temperature change rate can be used to ensure the full curing and stable performance of the concrete.

[0124] Step 206: When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, control the second nozzle 9 on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0125] Step 207: When the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, add the temperature-sensitive part 2 and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer.

[0126] When the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, it means that the materials are not distinguished and can all be mixed in. The only difference is that cement needs to be added inside the first extrusion port 6.

[0127] Step 208: When printing the concrete printing trajectory, control the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element 2 on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0128] Step 209: When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, control the second nozzle 9 on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0129] Step 210: When there is no temperature-sensitive material layer, control the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive part 2 and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material according to the material mixing ratio.

[0130] If there is no temperature-sensitive material layer, it means that only the concrete layer needs to be printed. In this case, there is only one material, namely the temperature-sensitive component 2 which contains temperature-sensitive material, and no other material or mixture is needed.

[0131] Step 211: Control the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print along the concrete printing path, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element 2 on the concrete printing path according to the temperature control command of the temperature regulating rod 10.

[0132] It should be noted that if the following occurs... Figure 1 If the concrete slurry shown is used, then cement should also be added to the second extrusion port.

[0133] Reference Figure 8 When a temperature-sensitive material layer exists and the quantity corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1, the method for adding the temperature-sensitive component 2 and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and adding the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer includes:

[0134] Step 300: Determine if a temperature-sensitive component 2 is present.

[0135] This section mainly addresses situations such as Figure 4 The image shows only the second temperature-sensitive material layer 5.

[0136] Step 301: When the temperature-sensitive component 2 is present, add the temperature-sensitive component 2 and cement corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer.

[0137] The presence of temperature-sensitive element 2 indicates that... Figure 1 , 2 For type 3, follow steps 207-211: add the temperature-sensitive material type corresponding to the temperature-sensitive component 2 and cement to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the material mixing ratio, and add the temperature-sensitive material type corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer.

[0138] Step 302: When printing the concrete printing trajectory, control the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element 2 on the concrete printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0139] Step 303: When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, control the second nozzle 9 on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0140] Step 304: When the temperature-sensitive component 2 is not present, control the addition of cement to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer, and add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material to the second extrusion port 7 of the 3D printer according to the second material mixing ratio.

[0141] The absence of temperature-sensitive component 2 indicates that the 3D printed concrete is as follows. Figure 4As shown, only cement needs to be added to the first extrusion port 6 that forms the concrete, and only the temperature-sensitive material needs to be added to the second extrusion port 7 that forms the temperature-sensitive material layer.

[0142] Step 305: When printing the concrete printing trajectory, control the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing trajectory.

[0143] Since only concrete is produced here and no temperature-sensitive materials are used, temperature control is not required, and normal operation can proceed as normal.

[0144] Step 306: When printing the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, control the second nozzle 9 on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory, and control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing trajectory according to the temperature control command.

[0145] Reference Figure 9 The method for controlling the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing trajectory when the temperature-sensitive component 2 is absent includes:

[0146] Step 400: Determine the optimal initial temperature based on the type of temperature-sensitive material.

[0147] The optimal initial temperature is the best temperature at which the temperature-sensitive material is printed onto the concrete layer to form the concrete layer. This can be determined by searching a database, where a mapping relationship is stored between different types of temperature-sensitive materials and their optimal initial temperatures. This is determined by experts in the field through observation and evaluation of the performance and printing results of actual temperature-sensitive materials on different concrete layers. When the system receives a corresponding type of temperature-sensitive material, it automatically retrieves the corresponding optimal initial temperature from the database and outputs it.

[0148] Step 401: Based on the optimal initial temperature and concrete printing trajectory, find the corresponding temperature control scheme from the preset temperature control database.

[0149] The temperature control scheme is a method to ensure that the temperature is exactly at the optimal initial temperature when the concrete returns to its corresponding position after printing along the concrete printing trajectory. The database stores the mapping relationship between the optimal initial temperature, the concrete printing trajectory, and the temperature control scheme. This is obtained by professionals in the field who observe and record the final temperature after executing different temperature control schemes along different concrete printing trajectories.

[0150] Step 402: While controlling the first nozzle 8 on the 3D printer to print along the concrete printing trajectory, the temperature regulating rod 10 controls the temperature of the concrete on the printing trajectory of the temperature-sensitive material layer according to the temperature control scheme.

[0151] When there is no temperature-sensitive material inside the concrete, only cement, but there is a temperature-sensitive material layer on top of the concrete layer, the temperature can be pre-controlled to ensure that the temperature is suitable when the temperature-sensitive material layer is added, thus improving the printing efficiency of the temperature-sensitive material layer.

[0152] It should be noted that the temperature control scheme here also applies to 3D printing schemes where the quantity of temperature-sensitive material is 1.

[0153] Reference Figure 10 The method of controlling the printing process by adding the first thermosensitive material and cement corresponding to the first thermosensitive material type into the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the first material mixing ratio includes:

[0154] Step 500: Conduct a simulation test on the temperature-sensitive material and cement inside the first extrusion port 6 to obtain the predicted state.

[0155] The predicted state is the expected state of the 3D-printed concrete after the corresponding model is established. It is obtained by conducting local tests on the concrete material inside the first extrusion port 6, that is, a corresponding test area is set up inside the corresponding 3D printer.

[0156] Step 501: Based on the printing requirements, find the corresponding requirement status from the preset current status database.

[0157] The demand status represents the final state of the concrete after printing, according to the specified printing requirements. The database stores a mapping between printing demands and demand statuses, derived by professionals in the field based on actual printing needs. When the system receives a corresponding printing demand, it automatically retrieves the corresponding demand status from the database and outputs it.

[0158] Step 502: Print when the predicted state and the demand state are the same.

[0159] If the predicted state and the demand state are the same, it means that the mixed concrete meets the requirements, and printing can begin.

[0160] Step 503: When the predicted state and the demand state are different, determine the positive or negative value of the state based on the predicted state and the demand state.

[0161] The positive or negative value of a state is the difference between the corresponding states. Here, the predicted state and the required state are quantified, and then subtracted.

[0162] Step 504: Determine the content to be incorporated based on the positive or negative value of the state.

[0163] The additives are temperature-sensitive materials or cement. For example, if the value is negative, indicating low hardness, it means that too much has been added, and more cement needs to be added.

[0164] Step 505: Control the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer to add the admixture according to the preset adjustment amount, and continue testing until the predicted state and the demand state are the same. When the predicted state and the demand state are the same, determine the actual material admixture ratio based on all the adjustment amounts to update the response database.

[0165] The adjustment amount is a controllable adjustment, meaning that adding these amounts will not cause significant changes in performance, making the state even less desirable. The admixture is added to the first extrusion port 6 of the 3D printer according to the preset adjustment amount, thereby altering the rheological properties of the tested concrete.

[0166] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is only one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A concrete 3D printing temperature-controlled forming construction method, characterized by, The application comprises the following steps: acquiring application scenarios and printing requirements; determining the type of temperature-sensitive material based on the application scenario; finding the corresponding material mixing ratio from the preset response database based on the printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material; forming a temperature-sensitive concrete structure based on the material mixing ratio and printing, and executing temperature control instructions; finding the corresponding theoretical negative feedback state from the preset feedback database based on the printing requirements and the type of temperature-sensitive material; monitoring and acquiring the response state during the printing process; outputting a preset deceleration instruction when the response state is the theoretical negative feedback state; continuing to acquire the response state when the response state is not the theoretical negative feedback state; The temperature-sensitive concrete structure is any one of the following: including a first concrete layer (1), wherein the first concrete layer (1) is mixed with a temperature-sensitive component (2) made of temperature-sensitive material; or including a second concrete layer (4) and a second temperature-sensitive material layer (5), wherein the number of the second concrete layer (4) is several layers and is arranged in a stacked form from top to bottom, and the second temperature-sensitive material layer (5) is arranged between two adjacent second concrete layers (4).

2. A concrete 3D printing temperature-controlled forming construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the temperature-sensitive concrete structure comprises the first concrete layer (1), the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive component (2) is two.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: When the temperature-sensitive concrete structure comprises the first concrete layer (1), it further comprises a first temperature-sensitive material layer (3) made of temperature-sensitive material, wherein the number of the first concrete layer (1) is several layers and is arranged in a stacked form from top to bottom, and the first temperature-sensitive material layer (3) is arranged between two adjacent first concrete layers (1).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The specific method for forming a temperature-sensitive concrete structure based on the material mixing ratio and printing comprises the following steps: acquiring a printing drawing and determining a printing track based on the printing drawing, wherein the printing track comprises a concrete printing track and a temperature-sensitive material layer printing track; determining whether there is a temperature-sensitive material layer; determining whether the number corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is 1 when there is a temperature-sensitive material layer; defining the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive component (2) as the first temperature-sensitive material type, defining the material mixing ratio corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material type as the first material mixing ratio, defining the type of temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material layer (3) as the second temperature-sensitive material type, and defining the material mixing ratio corresponding to the second temperature-sensitive material type as the second material mixing ratio when the number corresponding to the type of temperature-sensitive material is not 1; controlling the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the first temperature-sensitive material type and cement in the first extrusion port (6) according to the first material mixing ratio, and to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the second temperature-sensitive material type in the second extrusion port (7) according to the second material mixing ratio, wherein the 3D printer is provided with a first extrusion port (6) for adding printing concrete and a second extrusion port (7) for adding the first temperature-sensitive material layer (3), and is further provided with a first nozzle (8) for extruding the material added in the first extrusion port (6) and a second nozzle (9) for extruding the material added in the second extrusion port (7), and is further provided with a temperature adjusting rod (10) for controlling the temperature. controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element (2) on the concrete printing track according to the temperature control instruction; controlling the second nozzle (9) on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track according to the temperature control instruction; when the number of the temperature-sensitive material type is 1, controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive element (2) and cement corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type according to the material mixing ratio, and the second extrusion port (7) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type; controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element (2) on the concrete printing track according to the temperature control instruction; controlling the second nozzle (9) on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track according to the temperature control instruction; when the temperature-sensitive element (2) does not exist, controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to add cement, and the second extrusion port (7) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type according to the second material mixing ratio; controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element (2) on the concrete printing track according to the temperature control instruction.

5. A concrete 3D printing temperature-controlled forming construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the temperature-sensitive material layer exists and the number of the temperature-sensitive material type is 1, the method for controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive element (2) and cement corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type according to the material mixing ratio, and the second extrusion port (7) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type includes: judging whether the temperature-sensitive element (2) exists; when the temperature-sensitive element (2) exists, controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive element (2) and cement corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type according to the material mixing ratio, and the second extrusion port (7) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type; controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive element (2) on the concrete printing track according to the temperature control instruction; controlling the second nozzle (9) on the 3D printer to print according to the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track, and the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the temperature-sensitive material on the temperature-sensitive material layer printing track according to the temperature control instruction; when the temperature-sensitive element (2) does not exist, controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to add cement, and the second extrusion port (7) of the 3D printer to add the temperature-sensitive material corresponding to the temperature-sensitive material type according to the second material mixing ratio; controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track when printing the concrete printing track; controlling the second nozzle (9) on the 3D printer to print according to the warm-sensitive material layer printing track, and controlling the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the warm-sensitive material on the warm-sensitive material layer printing track according to the temperature control instruction when printing the warm-sensitive material layer printing track.

6. A concrete 3D printing temperature-controlled forming construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track when there is no warm-sensitive member (2) includes: determining the optimal initial temperature based on the type of warm-sensitive material; finding the corresponding temperature control scheme from the preset temperature control database based on the optimal initial temperature and the concrete printing track; controlling the temperature adjusting rod (10) to control the temperature of the concrete on the warm-sensitive material layer printing track according to the temperature control scheme while controlling the first nozzle (8) on the 3D printer to print according to the concrete printing track.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises, The method for controlling the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer to print after adding the warm-sensitive material corresponding to the first warm-sensitive material type and cement in the first extrusion port (6) according to the first material mixing ratio includes: performing simulation testing on the warm-sensitive material and cement in the first extrusion port (6) to obtain a predicted state; finding the corresponding demand state from the preset current state database based on the printing demand; printing when the predicted state and the demand state are the same; determining a state positive or negative value based on the predicted state and the demand state when the predicted state and the demand state are not the same; determining the mixing content based on the state positive or negative value, wherein the mixing content is the warm-sensitive material or the cement; continuing to test after adding the mixing content in the first extrusion port (6) of the 3D printer according to the preset adjustment amount until the predicted state and the demand state are the same, and determining the actual material mixing ratio based on all the adjustment amounts to update the response database when the predicted state and the demand state are the same.

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