A three-dimensional rainwater collection system and method for replenishing groundwater

Abstract

The present invention proposes a three-dimensional rainwater collection system and method for replenishing groundwater, which belongs to the field of rainwater recharge technology. It includes a connected roof collection subsystem and a rainwater purification subsystem; the roof collection subsystem includes a parapet, a rainwater gutter, a rainwater main pipe and two retaining walls, and a water storage space is formed between the retaining walls; an emptying pipe and an emptying valve are arranged on the retaining wall; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe is connected with a guide pipe and a rainwater branch pipe; it also includes a rainwater cleaning component, including a water collection gutter with a flow abandonment function arranged above the retaining wall; a floor stand and a rainwater collecting plate are also arranged above the roof floor; the rainwater collecting plate is constructed to form an upper rainwater collection space, and the water storage space is constructed to form a lower rainwater collection space, and the two are combined to form a three-dimensional roof space. The present invention organically combines the cleaning of the roof rainwater source and the regulation and storage of the roof rainwater, which can better achieve the goals of peak-shifting discharge, storage and utilization of roof rainwater, and replenishment and conservation of groundwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rainwater recharge and utilization, and in particular to a three-dimensional rainwater collection and storage system and method for replenishing groundwater. Background Art

[0002] Urban rainwater replenishment of groundwater is of great significance to increasing urban groundwater resources and alleviating urban waterlogging disasters. For cities, there are many building complexes (residential buildings, commercial buildings, etc.), and the total amount of rainwater falling on the roofs of buildings is highly usable. In addition, the quality of rainwater on the roofs of buildings is good, which is one of the high-quality water sources for replenishing groundwater.

[0003] At present, most of the existing urban building roof rainwater replenishment groundwater systems simply set up rainwater gutters on the inner side of the parapet of the roof. The rainwater collected on the roof flows to the rainwater collection device on the ground through the rainwater gutters. The collected rainwater is then purified and recharged into the groundwater. The current problems with this method are: first, the roof is simply used as a rainwater collection surface, it does not have a storage function, the roof has low regulation performance for rainwater runoff, and the "retention" concept cannot be realized; such a collection method must have certain requirements for the storage capacity of the rainwater collection device. If there is heavy rainfall, when the accumulated rainwater exceeds the design capacity of the collection device, it is impossible to collect and store more rainwater, resulting in the loss of rainwater in vain. If the runoff regulation function of the roof is further developed under the conditions of meeting the roof rainwater collection, it will be possible to manage and utilize rainwater resources more effectively. Second, the initial rainwater is polluted by impurities such as suspended particles in the air, ground dust, bird droppings, leaves, etc., making the water quality relatively dirty. Therefore, it is necessary to discard the initial rainwater. However, most of the current roof rainwater collection devices do not have the function of discarding rainwater, resulting in poor quality of collected rainwater and greater pressure for subsequent purification. Therefore, cleaning the source of rainwater is also an important task for groundwater recharge.

[0004] In summary: How to organically combine roof rainwater source purification and roof rainwater regulation to better achieve the goals of staggered roof rainwater discharge, storage and utilization, and replenishment and conservation of groundwater requires further research. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the present invention proposes a three-dimensional rainwater collection system and method for replenishing groundwater.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] In the first aspect, the technical solution proposes a three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater, including a connected roof collection subsystem and a rainwater purification subsystem; wherein:

[0008] The roof collection subsystem includes a parapet wall arranged on the top of the roof slab, and the parapet wall is arranged around the roof slab; the roof slab is provided with at least one rainwater gutter, and the rainwater gutter is connected to a rainwater main pipe; two retaining walls are also arranged on the roof slab, and the ends of the two retaining walls are connected to the parapet wall; the area between the two retaining walls forms a water storage space; the area between the retaining wall and the parapet wall forms a drainage ditch, and the rainwater gutter is arranged in the drainage ditch; an emptying pipe is arranged on the retaining wall, and the two ends of the emptying pipe are connected to the water storage space and the drainage ditch; the emptying pipe has an emptying valve; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe is connected to a guide pipe; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe is provided with a ball valve; a rainwater branch pipe is arranged above the ball valve, and the rainwater branch pipe is connected to the rainwater main pipe;

[0009] The roof collection subsystem also includes a rainwater cleaning component, which includes a water collecting ditch with a flow abandonment function arranged above the retaining wall, which is used to abandon the initial rainwater; a floor frame is also arranged above the roof floor, and a rain collecting plate used in conjunction with the water collecting ditch is connected to the top of the floor frame; the rain collecting plate is arranged in an inclined manner, and is used to collect rainwater and guide it to the water collecting ditch, and the water collecting ditch is connected to a confluence pipe;

[0010] The rain collecting plate is constructed to form an upper rainwater collecting space, and the water storage space is constructed to form a lower rainwater collecting space, and the combination of the two forms a three-dimensional roof space;

[0011] The conduit and the guide pipe are respectively connected to the rainwater purification subsystem.

[0012] Preferably, the rainwater purification subsystem comprises a box body, in which a gravel layer, a sand layer, an artificial filler layer, a planting soil layer, a covering layer and a water storage layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the side wall of the box body is also provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is arranged above the water storage layer; a water collecting pipe is buried in the gravel layer, one end of the water collecting pipe extends out of the box body, and the pipe wall of the water collecting pipe located in the box body is a flower pipe section.

[0013] Preferably, the water collecting ditch is a box structure with a top opening and a right side opening; the water collecting ditch is provided with a movable cover plate, and the cover plate can block the top opening or the right side opening; the top of the water collecting ditch is provided with a cross brace, and the cross brace is hinged to one end of a flippable driven guide frame; the bottom of the cover plate is provided with a linear guide rail, and the other end of the driven guide frame is slidably connected to the linear guide rail; when the right side opening of the water collecting ditch is opened, a sewage discharge port is formed; the cover plate is divided into three parts as a whole, namely a drainage part, a porous filter part and a closing part; the drainage part is used to divert rainwater flowing down from the rain collecting plate into the porous filter part; the porous filter part has a plurality of filter holes for filtering rainwater; the closing part is used to close the sewage discharge port.

[0014] The cover plate is connected with a power assembly for driving the cover plate to turn over, and the power assembly can drive the cover plate to switch positions from vertical to horizontal; when the cover plate is located at the top of the catch basin trench, the cover plate is in a horizontal state, and at this time, a dirt discharge port is formed on the right side of the catch basin trench for realizing the initial rainwater runoff and intercepting and cleaning garbage; when the cover plate is turned over, the cover plate closes the dirt discharge port to construct a box structure for collecting rainwater.

[0015] Preferably, the power assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the side wall of the catch basin trench, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to one end of a power rocker, the other end of the power rocker is hinged to a hinge seat located at the bottom of the cover plate, and the hinge seat is fixedly connected to the cover plate; the other end of the rotating shaft is sleeved and connected with a gear, the gear meshes with a rack, and one end of the rack is connected with an electric push rod for realizing the reciprocating movement of the rack.

[0016] Preferably, a base is fixedly connected to the side wall of the catch basin trench, and the rack is slidably connected to the base.

[0017] Preferably, plants are planted in the box body, and the plants are one or more of Kentucky bluegrass, Bermuda grass, perennial ryegrass, Sudan grass and calamus.

[0018] Preferably, the artificial filler layer adopts biochar.

[0019] Preferably, the water outlet of the water collecting pipe is connected to a storage tank, and the storage tank is also connected with a rainwater recharge subsystem.

[0020] In the second aspect, the technical solution also proposes a three-dimensional rainwater harvesting method for recharging groundwater, including the following steps:

[0021] S1: Original roof renovation:

[0022] S11: Constructing the lower-layer rainwater collection space:

[0023] There are parapet walls around the original roof floor slab, and there is a waterproof layer on the top of the roof floor slab, denoted as the original waterproof layer; two retaining walls are constructed and erected above the original waterproof layer, and both ends of the retaining walls are integrated with the parapet walls; when constructing the retaining walls, drain pipes need to be embedded, and drain valves are provided on the drain pipes; the area between the two groups of retaining walls forms a water storage space; the area between the retaining walls and the parapet walls forms a drainage ditch, and rainwater inlets are arranged in the drainage ditch, and the rainwater inlets are connected to pre-made rainwater downspouts; the bottom end of the rainwater downspout is communicated with a diversion pipe;

[0024] S12: Constructing the upper-layer rainwater collection space:

[0025] A floor frame is installed above the roof slab, and an inclined rain collecting plate is installed on the top of the floor frame; the processed water collecting ditch is fixed on the top of the retaining wall; the water collecting ditch is located at the end of the rain collecting plate; the water collecting ditch is connected to the confluence pipe; after all the installations are completed, waterproof the water storage space again to form a second waterproof layer;

[0026] S13: Installation:

[0027] The ends of the diversion pipe and the confluence pipe are connected to the rainwater purification subsystem and the assembly is completed;

[0028] S2: Rainwater harvesting:

[0029] S21: Use of upper rainwater collection space:

[0030] When it is not raining, the cover is in a horizontal position fastened to the top of the water collecting ditch, and the sewage discharge port is in an open position;

[0031] When it starts to rain, the initial rainwater falls on the rain collecting plate, and after being collected by the rain collecting plate, the initial rainwater carries garbage and impurities and flows to the cover plate, and then flows into the inside of the water collecting ditch after being filtered through the filter holes; the garbage and impurities carried in the initial rainwater are intercepted above the filter holes; the filtered initial rainwater washes the bottom of the water collecting ditch, and the garbage and impurities attached to the water collecting ditch are washed away by the initial rainwater and discharged through the sewage discharge port, thus realizing the abandonment of the initial rainwater, and at the same time, the abandoned initial rainwater is used to wash the inside of the water collecting ditch clean;

[0032] When the initial rainwater is discarded, the cover is controlled to flip from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the cover closes the sewage discharge port; the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages is collected by the rain collecting plate and flows into the water collecting ditch to complete the collection of rainwater; and then it is introduced from the water collecting ditch to the rainwater purification subsystem on the ground through the confluence pipe to complete the purification of this part of rainwater;

[0033] S22: Use of the lower rainwater collection space:

[0034] Under normal conditions, the drain valve and ball valve are both in a normally closed state; when it starts to rain, the water storage space is used as an additional rainwater collection pool, and rainwater falls into the water storage space and is stored; when the water storage space is full, the excess rainwater overflows the top of the retaining wall and flows into the drainage ditch, and is discharged from the rainwater gutter and the rainwater main pipe through the diversion of the rainwater branch pipe;

[0035] After the rain, the staff opens the ball valve and the drain valve at the appropriate time, and the rainwater in the water storage space flows to the rainwater purification subsystem through the drainage pipe, rainwater gutter, rainwater main pipe and diversion pipe in turn, realizing the staggered purification of this part of the rainwater.

[0036] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The present invention transforms the original rooftop rainwater collection system and forms a multi-level three-dimensional rainwater collection surface through adaptive layout and optimized design. The present invention has remarkable effects in runoff reduction, peak flow control, water purification, etc., and is of great significance for promoting the full implementation of the sponge city concept and improving the urban water safety guarantee system.

[0038] 2. The present invention utilizes the retaining wall and the parapet of the original structure to form a storage space, thereby forming a spatial structure that can effectively store rainwater during rainfall, and upgrades the original rainwater main pipe with a regulating valve to transform it into a discharge system that can be precisely controlled manually. In this way, the original ordinary roof is successfully transformed into a "water storage roof" that can regulate and store rainwater, which greatly improves the roof's regulation performance for rainwater runoff and enables more effective management and utilization of rainwater resources.

[0039] 3. The present invention arranges a rainwater purification component above the water storage space. Firstly, it realizes the expansion of the rainwater collecting surface. Secondly, it enables it to have the function of discarding the initial rainwater, so as to realize the source purification of the collected rainwater and reduce the subsequent purification pressure. When used in conjunction with the water storage space at the bottom, the rainwater collection capacity is increased. Furthermore, the collection of rainwater of different water qualities is realized. The rainwater collected by the rainwater purification component has relatively high water quality after being discarded, and can be purified while being collected. The water quality of rainwater collected in the water storage space is worse than that of rainwater collected by the rainwater purification component. Therefore, the two are purified separately, so as to achieve the goals of staggered collection, staggered purification and separate purification.

[0040] 4. The present invention utilizes a reversible cover plate to switch between horizontal and vertical states. When the cover plate is in the horizontal state, it can divert, discard, filter and intercept initial rainwater; when the baffle plate is in the vertical state, it can block the sewage discharge port to receive rainwater. In addition, when the cover plate is flipped from horizontal to vertical, the garbage and impurities intercepted on the surface can be dumped down to achieve self-cleaning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the roof storage subsystem.

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the middle retaining wall when collecting rainwater.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a top view of the roof when the roof storage subsystem is not installed.

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Top view of the middle retaining wall.

[0047] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged stereoscopic image of the rainwater purification component.

[0048] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central water collection ditch.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover during the flipping process. Figure 1 .

[0050] Fig. 9 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the Y region structure.

[0051] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover during the flipping process. Figure 2 .

[0052] Fig.11 This is an enlarged structural stereogram of the driven guide frame.

[0053] Fig.12 It is the structural front view of the cover during the flipping process.

[0054] Fig.13 It is the main structural view of the cover in the vertical state.

[0055] Fig.14 It is the main structural view of the cover in the horizontal state.

[0056] Fig.15 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cover in the vertical state.

[0057] Fig.16 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the rainwater purification subsystem.

[0058] Description of reference numerals:

[0059] a-building body; a1-roof slab; a2-waterproof layer; a3-retaining wall; a4-drain pipe; a5-drain valve; a6-water storage space; a7-rainwater bucket; a8-parapet; a9-rainwater main pipe; a10-rainwater branch pipe; a11-ball valve; a12-flow guide pipe; b-roof collection subsystem; b1-ground frame; b2-rainwater collecting plate; b3-water collecting ditch; b31-short pipe; b32-waste discharge port; b33-cross brace; b331-installation port; b4-cover plate; b41-drainage part; b42-porous filter part; b43-enclosed part; b5-power rocker; b6-hinge seat; b7-rotating shaft; b8-linear guide rail; b9-driven guide frame; b91-sleeve; b92-support arm; b93-slide seat; b931-slideway; b71-gear; b72-rack; b73-electric push rod; b74-base; c-rainwater purification subsystem; c1-box; c2-gravel layer; c3-sand layer; c4-artificial filling layer; c5-planting soil layer; c6-covering layer; c7-water storage layer; c8-overflow port; c9-collecting pipe; d-storage box; e-rainwater reinjection subsystem; w-collecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0062] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] like Figure 1-Figure 16As shown, this embodiment proposes a three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater, which at least includes a connected roof collection subsystem b and a rainwater purification subsystem c; the following is a detailed description:

[0064] Part I:

[0065] The rooftop collection subsystem b includes a parapet a8 disposed on the top of the roof slab a1. The roof slab a1 is located on the top of the main building a. The parapet a8 is an original structure that all urban buildings have. The parapet a8 is arranged along the four sides of the roof slab a1. The so-called parapet a8 is a low wall around the roof of a building. In addition to maintaining safety, it also has waterproof pressed bricks at the bottom to prevent water seepage from the waterproof layer a2 or rainwater overflow from the roof. The roof slab a1 is provided with at least one rain gutter a7. In this embodiment, rain gullies a7 can be arranged at the four corners of the roof. The rain gutter a7 is connected to a rainwater main pipe a9. Two retaining walls a3 are also arranged on the roof slab a1. The retaining walls a3 are post-construction structures. The ends of the two retaining walls a3 are connected to the parapet a8. The area between the two retaining walls a3 forms a water storage space a6. The area between the retaining wall a3 and the parapet a8 forms a drainage ditch. The rain gutter a7 is arranged in the drainage ditch. An emptying pipe a4 is arranged on the retaining wall a3. The emptying pipe a9 is connected to the rainwater main pipe a9. The two ends of a4 are connected to the water storage space a6 and the drainage ditch; the emptying pipe a4 has an emptying valve a5, which plays a regulating role; the bottom end of the rain main pipe a9 is connected to the guide pipe a12, which is used to collect rainwater flowing from each rain main pipe a9; a ball valve a11 is set at the bottom end of the rain main pipe a9; a rain branch pipe a10 is set above the ball valve a11, and the rain branch pipe a10 is connected to the rain main pipe a9; the ball valve a11 plays a controlling role, which is used to realize the opening and closing of the channel between the rain main pipe a9 and the guide pipe a12. The end of the rain branch pipe a10 is an open structure for rainwater to be discharged.

[0066] The present invention utilizes the retaining wall a3 and the parapet wall a8 of the original structure to form a storage space, forming a spatial structure that can effectively store rainwater during rainfall, and upgrades the original rainwater main pipe a9 with a regulating valve to transform it into a discharge system that can be precisely controlled manually. In this way, the original ordinary roof is successfully transformed into a "water storage roof" capable of regulating rainwater, which greatly improves the roof's control performance for rainwater runoff and enables more effective management and utilization of rainwater resources.

[0067] The "water storage roof" pursues simplicity and practicality in design, with a refined structural layout and easy construction and installation. In terms of later operation and maintenance, the facility shows significant convenience and low maintenance characteristics, and is particularly suitable for commercial residential projects with low green space rates and no conditions for traditional rain garden layout. Its flexibility and adaptability significantly reduce the demanding requirements for site space and landscape layout, making it possible to achieve effective rainwater management in limited urban space.

[0068] The "water storage roof" follows the core concept of "retaining and utilizing" rainwater in sponge cities, meets the requirements of current sponge city design specifications, and demonstrates its adaptability and advancement in modern urban rainwater management.

[0069] As an innovative rainwater management technology, water storage roofs can effectively replace traditional roof facilities in terms of function. More importantly, they have obvious advantages in construction and operation costs, and are expected to significantly reduce the overall economic investment in sponge city construction projects. Through comparative analysis, water storage roofs not only reduce the excavation and construction of large-scale underground structures, saving a lot of civil engineering costs, but also significantly reduce the economic burden of long-term operation and maintenance due to their compact design and simplified maintenance process.

[0070] The roof collection subsystem b also includes a rainwater purification component, which includes a water collecting ditch b3 with a flow discharge function arranged above the retaining wall a3, which is used to realize the discharge of initial rainwater; it should be noted that pads can be set between the water collecting ditch b3 and the top of the retaining wall a3, and a gap is formed between the water collecting ditch b3 and the retaining wall a3 to allow rainwater to overflow; a floor frame b1 is also provided above the roof floor a1, and a rain collecting plate b2 used in conjunction with the water collecting ditch b3 is connected to the top of the floor frame b1; the rain collecting plate b2 is arranged at an angle, and is used to collect rainwater and divert it to the water collecting ditch b3, and the water collecting ditch b3 is connected to a conduit w.

[0071] Note: After the construction of the landing frame b1 is completed, the roof floor a1, parapet a8, water storage space a6 and other parts need to be waterproofed again to ensure the sealing.

[0072] The rain collecting board b2 forms an upper rainwater collecting space, and the water storage space a6 forms a lower rainwater collecting space, and the two are combined to form a three-dimensional roof space. In this way, the single function of the original roof is expanded to multiple functions.

[0073] The conduit w and the guide pipe a12 are respectively connected to the rainwater purification subsystem c for subsequent rainwater purification.

[0074] In this embodiment, the rainwater purification subsystem c includes a box body c1, in which a gravel layer c2, a sand layer c3, an artificial filler layer c4, a planting soil layer c5, a covering layer c6, and a water storage layer c7 are arranged from bottom to top; an overflow port c8 is also arranged on the side wall of the box body c1, and the overflow port c8 is arranged above the water storage layer c7; a water collecting pipe c9 is buried in the gravel layer c2, one end of the water collecting pipe c9 extends out of the box body c1, and the pipe wall of the water collecting pipe c9 located in the box body c1 is a flower pipe section.

[0075] The gravel layer c2 is mainly used to support the upper structure, prevent the drainage facilities in the lower layer from being blocked, and promote the rapid discharge of water. The sand layer c3 acts as a filter layer to further remove fine particles in the water. The artificial filler layer c4 has high permeability to facilitate the rapid infiltration of rainwater to the lower layer. The planting soil layer c5 is mainly composed of soil rich in organic matter, which provides plants with necessary nutrients to ensure the root development of most flowers, plants and shrubs. The covering layer c6 is made of sawdust, which can prevent soil erosion and maintain soil moisture. The water storage layer c7 is mainly used to temporarily store rainwater, waiting for slow infiltration or discharge. An overflow port c8 is set at the top of the box c1 to ensure that excess water can be drained to remove water that exceeds the designed water storage capacity and prevent loss due to excessive water accumulation.

[0076] As a feasible embodiment, the artificial filler layer c4 uses biochar, which can absorb pollutants.

[0077] As a feasible embodiment, a plant is planted in the box c1, and the plant is one or more of bluegrass, bermudagrass, ryegrass, Sudan grass and calamus. In the present embodiment, calamus is preferably used because calamus has a strong pollution resistance and can effectively remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as heavy metals and other harmful substances in water. This aquatic plant adapts to different water quality and climatic conditions and can grow in a variety of environments. At the same time, calamus treatment has strong functionality, and its appearance also has ornamental value. For areas dedicated to landscape improvement, this is not only an important element to improve the beauty of the region and environmental quality, but also a key component to enhance ecological functions and economic value.

[0078] The purification process of this rainwater purification subsystem c is ecological, environmentally friendly, and effective. It can effectively control the water quality of the recharge water source, thereby effectively preventing blockage problems.

[0079] Regarding the above-mentioned water collecting ditch b3, the following structure can be adopted:

[0080] The water collecting hopper ditch b3 is a box body c1 structure with a top opening and a right side opening; the water collecting hopper ditch b3 is provided with a movable cover plate b4, which can block the top opening or the right side opening; the top of the water collecting hopper ditch b3 is provided with a cross brace b33, and the cross brace b33 is hinged to one end of the flippable driven guide frame b9. Specifically, the middle position of the cross brace b33 is provided with a mounting opening b331, and one end of the driven guide frame b9 is arranged in the mounting opening b331; the bottom of the cover plate b4 is provided with a linear guide rail b8, and the driven guide frame b9 is provided with a linear guide rail b8. The other end of the guide frame b9 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail b8; when the right opening of the water collecting trough b3 is opened, a waste discharge port b32 is formed; the cover plate b4 is divided into three parts as a whole, namely the drainage part b41, the porous filter part b42 and the closing part b43; the drainage part b41 is used to guide the rainwater flowing down the rain collecting plate b2 into the porous filter part b42; the porous filter part b42 has a plurality of filter holes for filtering rainwater; the closing part b43 is used to close the waste discharge port b32.

[0081] In this embodiment, the cover plate b4 is connected to a power assembly for driving the cover plate b4 to flip, and the power assembly can drive the cover plate b4 to switch from a vertical position to a horizontal position; when the cover plate b4 is located at the top of the water collecting ditch b3, the cover plate b4 is in a horizontal state, and a sewage discharge port b32 is formed on the right side of the water collecting ditch b3, which is used to discharge the initial rainwater and intercept and clean up the garbage; when the cover plate b4 is flipped, the cover plate b4 closes the sewage discharge port b32 to construct a box c1 structure for collecting rainwater.

[0082] In this embodiment, the power assembly includes a rotating shaft b7 rotatably connected to the side wall of the water collecting hopper ditch b3, one end of the rotating shaft b7 is connected to one end of the power rocker b5, the other end of the power rocker b5 is hinged to the hinge seat b6 located at the bottom of the cover plate b4, and the hinge seat b6 is fixedly connected to the cover plate b4; the other end of the rotating shaft b7 is sleeved and connected with a gear b71, the gear b71 is meshed with a rack b72, and one end of the rack b72 is connected to an electric push rod b73 for realizing the reciprocating movement of the rack b72.

[0083] In order to facilitate the guiding of the rack b72, the side wall of the water collecting hopper ditch b3 is fixedly connected with a base b74, and the rack b72 is slidably connected to the base b74.

[0084] It should be noted that the driven guide frame b9 includes a sleeve b91 and a slide b93, and the sleeve b91 and the slide b93 are connected as a whole through a support arm b92; the slide b93 has a slide groove b931 adapted to the linear guide rail b8; the support arm b92 is tilted, and when the cover plate b4 is in a horizontal state, the position of the slide b93 is higher than the position of the sleeve b91; when the cover plate b4 is in a vertical state, the position of the slide b93 is lower than the position of the sleeve b91.

[0085] In this embodiment, a short pipe b31 is provided on the side wall of the water collecting ditch b3, and the short pipe b31 is connected to the collecting pipe w.

[0086] The outlet of the water collecting pipe c9 is connected to the storage tank d, which is used to store the purified rainwater. The storage tank d is also connected to the rainwater reinjection subsystem e. The rainwater reinjection subsystem e includes a reinjection well, which can adopt a conventional structure. The reinjection well and the storage tank d can be reinjected by pump pressure.

[0087] The present invention utilizes a flippable cover plate b4 to switch between horizontal and vertical states. When the cover plate b4 is in the horizontal state, it can divert, discard, filter and intercept initial rainwater (used to divert and discard initial rainwater, intercept garbage sliding down the slope, filter and block, and reduce dirt and grime inside the water collecting ditch b3); when the baffle is in the vertical state, the dirt discharge port b32 is closed, and the dirt discharge port b32 can be blocked to receive rainwater. In addition, when the cover plate b4 is flipped from the horizontal to the vertical, the garbage and impurities intercepted on the surface can be dumped down, realizing self-cleaning.

[0088] It should be noted that:

[0089] The system can also be provided with a controller and a raindrop sensor, which is used to detect whether it is raining. When in use, the raindrop sensor is connected to the controller. When it rains, the raindrop sensor sends a signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller controls the electric push rod b73 to move after T time, so that the cover plate b4 can be turned over. T is a parameter set in the controller in advance, which is used to reserve the time for the initial rainwater to be discarded.

[0090] In this embodiment, both the drain valve a5 and the ball valve a11 are solenoid valves, and the controller is controlled and connected with the drain valve a5 and the ball valve a11. When opening or closing is required, the controller is operated to remotely open or close the drain valve a5, which is very convenient.

[0091] The present invention arranges a rainwater purification component above the water storage space a6, firstly, it realizes the expansion of the rainwater collecting surface; secondly, it enables it to have the function of discarding the initial rainwater, realizes the source purification of the collected rainwater, reduces the subsequent purification pressure, and is used in conjunction with the water storage space a6 at the bottom to increase the rainwater collection capacity; and realizes the collection of rainwater of different water qualities. The rainwater collected by the rainwater purification component has relatively high water quality after discarding, and can be purified while being collected; and the water quality of rainwater collected by the water storage space a6 is worse than that of rainwater collected by the rainwater purification component. Therefore, the two are purified separately, which can achieve the goals of staggered collection, staggered purification, and separate purification.

[0092] The present invention transforms the original rooftop rainwater collection system and forms a multi-level three-dimensional rainwater collection surface through adaptive layout and optimized design. The present invention has remarkable effects in runoff reduction, peak flow control, water quality purification, etc., and is of great significance for promoting the comprehensive implementation of the sponge city concept and improving the urban water safety guarantee system.

[0093] In a second aspect, the present technical solution also proposes a three-dimensional rainwater collection method for replenishing groundwater, comprising the following steps:

[0094] S1: Original roof reconstruction:

[0095] S11: Constructing the lower rainwater collection space:

[0096] Parapet walls a8 are arranged around the original roof slab a1, and a waterproof layer a2 is arranged on the top of the roof slab a1, which is recorded as the original waterproof layer a2; two retaining walls a3 are constructed on the original waterproof layer a2, and the two ends of the retaining wall a3 are connected to the parapet wall a8 as a whole; when the retaining wall a3 is constructed, a drain pipe a4 needs to be pre-buried, and the drain pipe a4 is provided with a drain valve a5; the area between the two sets of retaining walls a3 forms a water storage space a6; the area between the retaining wall a3 and the parapet wall a8 forms a drainage ditch, and a rainwater bucket a7 is arranged in the drainage ditch, and the rainwater bucket a7 is connected to the rainwater main pipe a9 prepared in advance; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe a9 is connected to the guide pipe a12;

[0097] S12: Constructing upper rainwater collection space:

[0098] A floor frame b1 is installed above the roof floor a1, and an inclined rain collecting plate b2 is installed on the top of the floor frame b1; the processed water collecting ditch b3 is fixed on the top of the retaining wall a3; the water collecting ditch b3 is located at the end of the rain collecting plate b2; the water collecting ditch b3 is connected to the confluence pipe w; after all the installations are completed, waterproofing is performed again in the water storage space a6 area to form a second waterproof layer a2;

[0099] S13: Installation:

[0100] The ends of the guide pipe a12 and the confluence pipe w are connected to the rainwater purification subsystem c, and the assembly is completed.

[0101] S2: Rainwater harvesting:

[0102] S21: Use of upper rainwater collection space:

[0103] When it is not raining, the cover plate b4 is in a horizontal position buckled on the top of the water collecting ditch b3, and the sewage discharge port b32 is in an open position;

[0104] When it starts to rain, the initial rainwater falls on the rain collecting plate b2. After being collected by the rain collecting plate b2, the initial rainwater carries with it garbage and impurities and flows to the cover plate b4. After being filtered through the filter holes, it flows into the water collecting ditch b3. The garbage and impurities carried in the initial rainwater are intercepted above the filter holes. The filtered initial rainwater flushes the inner bottom of the water collecting ditch b3, and the garbage and impurities attached to the water collecting ditch b3 are flushed by the initial rainwater and discharged through the sewage discharge port b32, thereby realizing the abandonment of the initial rainwater. At the same time, the abandoned initial rainwater is used to flush the inside of the water collecting ditch b3 clean.

[0105] When the initial rainwater is discarded, the cover plate b4 is controlled to flip from the horizontal state to the vertical state, and the cover plate b4 closes the sewage discharge port b32; the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages is collected by the rain collecting plate b2 and flows into the water collecting ditch b3 to complete the collection of rainwater; and then it is introduced from the water collecting ditch b3 to the rainwater purification subsystem c on the ground through the confluence pipe w to complete the purification of this part of rainwater;

[0106] In this step, the cover plate b4 can be flipped over by the controller driving the electric push rod b73.

[0107] S22: Use of the lower rainwater collection space:

[0108] Under normal conditions, the drain valve a5 and the ball valve a11 are both in a normally closed state; when it starts to rain, the water storage space a6 is used as an additional rainwater collection pool, and rainwater falls into the water storage space a6 and is stored; when the water storage space a6 is full, the excess rainwater overflows the top of the retaining wall a3 and flows into the drainage ditch, and is discharged from the rainwater branch pipe a10 through the rainwater gutter a7 and the rainwater main pipe a9;

[0109] After the rain, the staff opens the ball valve a11 and the drain valve a5 in time, and the rainwater in the water storage space a6 flows to the rainwater purification subsystem c through the drainage pipe, rainwater gutter a7, rainwater main pipe a9 and diversion pipe a12 in turn, realizing the peak-shifting purification of this part of the rainwater.

[0110] It can be seen that this system introduces a "storage and regulation mechanism". During rainfall, when the drain valve a5 is in the closed state, the rainwater on the roof will gradually accumulate in the preset water storage space a6. When the accumulated rainwater exceeds the design capacity of the water storage space a6, the excess rainwater will pass over the retaining wall a3 and be discharged through the rainwater gutter a7. In the post-rain period, when the purification pressure of the rainwater purification subsystem c decreases, the operator opens the drain valve a5 in time, so that the rainwater stored in the water storage space a6 can be effectively discharged into the rainwater purification subsystem c through the rainwater gutter a7, realizing peak-shifting purification. This rainwater storage and regulation mechanism strictly follows the "retention" concept in the sponge city design principle, and reflects the effective management and utilization of rainwater resources.

[0111] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the invention in conjunction with the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater, characterized in that: It includes a connected rooftop collection subsystem (b) and a rainwater purification subsystem (c); wherein: The roof collection subsystem (b) comprises a parapet (a8) arranged on the top of the roof floor (a1), and the parapet (a8) is arranged along the periphery of the roof floor (a1); the roof floor (a1) is provided with at least one rain gutter (a7), and the rain gutter (a7) is connected to a rainwater main pipe (a9); two retaining walls (a3) ​​are also arranged on the roof floor (a1), and the ends of the two retaining walls (a3) ​​are connected to the parapet (a8); the area between the two retaining walls (a3) ​​forms a water storage space (a6); the area between the retaining wall (a3) ​​and the parapet (a8) forms a drainage ditch, and the rainwater gutter (a7) is arranged in the drainage ditch; the retaining wall (a3) ​​is provided with an emptying pipe (a4), and the two ends of the emptying pipe (a4) are connected to the water storage space (a6) and the drainage ditch; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe (a9) is connected to a guide pipe (a12); The roof collection subsystem (b) also includes a rainwater cleaning component, which includes a water collecting ditch (b3) with a flow abandonment function arranged above the retaining wall (a3) ​​for abandoning initial rainwater; a floor frame (b1) is also arranged above the roof floor (a1), and a rain collecting plate (b2) used in conjunction with the water collecting ditch (b3) is connected to the top of the floor frame (b1); the rain collecting plate (b2) is arranged in an inclined manner, and is used to collect rainwater and guide it to the water collecting ditch (b3); the water collecting ditch (b3) is connected to a confluence pipe (w); The water collecting ditch (b3) is a box body (c1) structure with a top opening and a right side opening; the water collecting ditch (b3) is provided with a flippable cover plate (b4), and the cover plate (b4) is connected to a power assembly for driving the cover plate (b4) to flip; the cover plate (b4) is divided into three parts as a whole, namely a drainage part (b41), a porous filtering part (b42) and a closing part (b43); the drainage part (b41) is used to guide the rainwater flowing down from the rain collecting plate (b2) to the porous filtering part (b42); the porous filtering part (b42) has a plurality of filter holes for filtering the rainwater; the closing part (b43) is used to filter the rainwater from the rain collecting plate (b2) to the porous filtering part (b42); the The part (b43) is used to close the sewage discharge port (b32); when the cover plate (b4) is located at the top of the water collecting ditch (b3), the cover plate (b4) is in a horizontal state, and a sewage discharge port (b32) is formed on the right side of the water collecting ditch (b3) for discarding the initial rainwater and intercepting and cleaning the garbage, and at the same time, the discarded initial rainwater is used to flush the inside of the water collecting ditch (b3); when the initial rainwater is discarded, the cover plate (b4) is controlled to flip, so that the cover plate (b4) is flipped from the horizontal state to the vertical state, and the cover plate (b4) closes the sewage discharge port (b32), so as to construct a box body (c1) structure for collecting rainwater; The conduit (w) and the guide pipe (a12) are respectively connected to the rainwater purification subsystem (c).

2. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain pipe (a4) has a drain valve (a5); a ball valve (a11) is arranged at the bottom end of the rain drop main pipe (a9); a rain drop branch pipe (a10) is arranged above the ball valve (a11), and the rain drop branch pipe (a10) is connected to the rain drop main pipe (a9).

3. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rainwater purification subsystem (c) comprises a box body (c1), wherein a gravel layer (c2), a sand layer (c3), an artificial filler layer (c4), a planting soil layer (c5), a covering layer (c6), and a water storage layer (c7) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the box body (c1); an overflow port (c8) is also arranged on the side wall of the box body (c1), and the overflow port (c8) is arranged above the water storage layer (c7); a water collecting pipe (c9) is buried in the gravel layer (c2), one end of the water collecting pipe (c9) extends out of the box body (c1), and the pipe wall of the water collecting pipe (c9) located in the box body (c1) is a flower pipe section.

4. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the water collecting hopper ditch (b3) is provided with a cross brace (b33), and the cross brace (b33) is hinged to one end of a flippable driven guide frame (b9); the bottom of the cover plate (b4) is provided with a linear guide rail (b8), and the other end of the driven guide frame (b9) is slidably connected to the linear guide rail (b8).

5. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power assembly comprises a rotating shaft (b7) rotatably connected to the side wall of the water collecting hopper ditch (b3); one end of the rotating shaft (b7) is connected to one end of a power rocker (b5); the other end of the power rocker (b5) is hinged to a hinge seat (b6) located at the bottom of the cover plate (b4); the hinge seat (b6) is fixedly connected to the cover plate (b4); the other end of the rotating shaft (b7) is sleeved and connected to a gear (b71); the gear (b71) is meshed with a rack (b72); one end of the rack (b72) is connected to an electric push rod (b73) for realizing the reciprocating movement of the rack (b72).

6. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall of the water collecting trough (b3) is fixedly connected to a base (b74), and the rack (b72) is slidably connected to the base (b74).

7. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 3, characterized in that: Plants are planted in the box (c1), and the plants are one or more of bluegrass, bermudagrass, ryegrass, sudangrass and calamus.

8. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The artificial filler layer (c4) is made of biochar.

9. A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water outlet of the water collecting pipe (c9) is connected to the storage box (d), and the storage box (d) is also connected to the rainwater reinjection subsystem (e).

10. A three-dimensional rainwater collection method for replenishing groundwater, characterized in that: A three-dimensional rainwater collection system for replenishing groundwater according to any one of claims 2 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1: Original roof reconstruction: S11: Constructing the lower rainwater collection space: Parapet walls (a8) are arranged around the original roof slab (a1), and a waterproof layer (a2) is arranged on the top of the roof slab (a1), which is recorded as the original waterproof layer (a2); two retaining walls (a3) ​​are constructed above the original waterproof layer (a2), and both ends of the retaining walls (a3) ​​are connected to the parapet walls (a8) as a whole; when the retaining walls (a3) ​​are constructed, a drain pipe (a4) needs to be pre-buried, and the drain pipe (a4) is provided with a drain valve (a5); the area between the two sets of retaining walls (a3) ​​forms a water storage space (a6); the area between the retaining walls (a3) ​​and the parapet walls (a8) forms a drainage ditch, and a rainwater bucket (a7) is arranged in the drainage ditch, and the rainwater bucket (a7) is connected to a rainwater main pipe (a9) prepared in advance; the bottom end of the rainwater main pipe (a9) is connected to a guide pipe (a12); S12: Constructing upper rainwater collection space: A floor frame (b1) is installed above the roof floor (a1), and an inclined rain collecting plate (b2) is installed on the top of the floor frame (b1); a processed water collecting ditch (b3) is fixedly placed on the top of the retaining wall (a3); the water collecting ditch (b3) is located at the end of the rain collecting plate (b2); the water collecting ditch (b3) is connected to a confluence pipe (w); after all the installations are completed, waterproofing is performed again in the water storage space (a6) area to form a second waterproof layer (a2); S13: Installation: The ends of the guide pipe (a12) and the confluence pipe (w) are connected to the rainwater purification subsystem (c), and the assembly is completed; S2: Rainwater harvesting: S21: Use of upper rainwater collection space: When it is not raining, the cover plate (b4) is in a horizontal position buckled on the top of the water collecting ditch (b3), and the sewage discharge port (b32) is in an open position; When it starts to rain, the initial rainwater falls on the rain collecting plate (b2), is collected by the rain collecting plate (b2), and flows to the cover plate (b4) with garbage and impurities, and flows into the water collecting ditch (b3) after being filtered by the filter holes; the garbage and impurities carried by the initial rainwater are intercepted above the filter holes; the filtered initial rainwater flushes the bottom of the water collecting ditch (b3), and the garbage and impurities attached to the water collecting ditch (b3) are flushed by the initial rainwater and discharged through the sewage discharge port (b32), thereby realizing the abandonment of the initial rainwater, and at the same time, the abandoned initial rainwater is used to flush the inside of the water collecting ditch (b3) cleanly; When the initial rainwater is discarded, the cover plate (b4) is controlled to flip from a horizontal state to a vertical state, and the cover plate (b4) closes the sewage discharge port (b32); the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages is collected by the rain collecting plate (b2) and flows into the water collecting ditch (b3), completing the collection of rainwater; and then is introduced from the water collecting ditch (b3) to the rainwater purification subsystem (c) on the ground through the confluence pipe (w), completing the purification of this part of rainwater; S22: Use of the lower rainwater collection space: Under normal conditions, the drain valve (a5) and the ball valve (a11) are both in a normally closed state; when it starts to rain, the water storage space (a6) is used as an additional rainwater collection pool, and rainwater falls into the water storage space (a6) and is stored; when the water storage space (a6) is full, the excess rainwater overflows the top of the retaining wall (a3) ​​and flows into the drainage ditch, and is discharged from the rainwater branch pipe (a10) through the rainwater gutter (a7) and the rainwater main pipe (a9); After the rain, the staff opens the ball valve (a11) and the drain valve (a5) at the appropriate time, and the rainwater in the water storage space (a6) flows to the rainwater purification subsystem (c) through the drainage pipe, rainwater gutter (a7), rainwater main pipe (a9) and diversion pipe (a12) in turn, realizing the peak-shifting purification of this part of rainwater.

Images