A quick-release support for attenuation sheets suitable for hard x-ray energy attenuation

Abstract

The application provides a detachable support for an attenuation sheet suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation, and relates to the field of hard X-ray free electron lasers.The detachable support for the attenuation sheet suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation comprises a base frame and a plurality of quick locking devices, and the front and back surfaces of the base frame are both provided with attenuation sheet placing grooves, and the central part of the attenuation sheet placing grooves is provided with a light passing hole, so that the attenuation sheets can be stacked for use, and the attenuation level is significantly improved; the quick locking device comprises a shell which is detachably connected with the base frame, a rotating shaft which penetrates through the top of the shell and can rotate is arranged in the shell, a knob is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft, a tongue depressor for pressing the attenuation sheet is arranged on the bottom of the rotating shaft, a spring is arranged around the rotating shaft, a slope and a tongue pressing groove are arranged on the shell, the spring can be compressed by lifting and rotating the knob, the tongue depressor slides into the tongue pressing groove or slides to the surface of the attenuation sheet along the slope, so that the function of quickly detaching and assembling the attenuation sheet is realized, the attenuation sheet with different shapes, different types and different thicknesses can be used, and the experiment interruption caused by replacing the attenuation sheet is reduced; the cooling pipeline is directly arranged in the base frame and is located below the attenuation sheet, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the heat accumulation problem of the energy attenuation sheet in the hard X-ray free electron laser is solved; thus, the productivity of the laboratory is improved, the risk of the equipment and the operating personnel is reduced, and the safety of the whole system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hard X-ray free electron lasers, and in particular to a quick-release support for attenuation sheets suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hard X-ray free electron lasers have extremely high brightness, ultra-short pulses, complete coherence, adjustable wavelength, and extremely high energy, bringing unprecedented research opportunities to various frontier research fields such as high-energy physics, chemistry, and biology. Since different experiments have different requirements for hard X-ray energy, and the exposure of detectors and samples to excessively high-intensity X-rays may cause overload or damage, and the energy of the hard X-rays emitted by the accelerator is fixed, it is particularly important to effectively control the intensity and energy of the X-rays through energy attenuation means.

[0003] However, there are some significant limitations in the prior art that limit its efficiency and flexibility in different applications. For example, the technical solution of the existing patent application No. CN117091030A is only suitable for circular attenuation sheets, and the attenuation sheets are not easy to remove when disassembled, and special tools are required for disassembly and assembly. In actual engineering, rectangular attenuation sheets are more common, and each attenuation sheet usually needs to be fixed with multiple screws to press the sheet tightly. The daily maintenance and replacement process is tedious, the downtime is long, the operating personnel are exposed to high-energy X-ray environment for a long time, and the safety risks caused by operation errors are increased. In addition, the patent solution only has attenuation sheets on one side, and multiple supports need to be stacked for wider attenuation range, which increases the manufacturing cost and equipment space occupation, and is difficult to meet the diversified experimental requirements.

[0004] Another significant technical defect is in the cooling system design. The thickness of an attenuation sheet is usually several microns to several millimeters, and the heat load it needs to withstand is sometimes as high as several hundred watts. How to solve the high heat problem of the attenuation sheet in engineering is the key. The patent application adopts a side cooling design, and the cooling water pipe is far away from the cooled attenuation sheet, with a long heat conduction path. However, in actual engineering, heat is concentrated at the focal position, that is, at the center position of the attenuation sheet. The side cooling design will make it difficult to quickly and effectively dissipate heat, which not only affects the service life of the attenuation sheet, but also increases the risk of equipment failure and sample damage in high-intensity long-time experiments. And it occupies a lot of space for installing the support on the side, and it is difficult to disassemble and maintain the water pipe, which requires consideration of the durability, connection strength of the cooling water pipe, and the need to ensure good thermal contact between the water pipe and the base support.

[0005] Therefore, how to quickly and reliably disassemble and assemble attenuation sheets of various specifications, flexibly adjust the hard X-ray energy attenuation range, and improve the efficiency of the X-ray attenuation sheet support cooling system has become a technical problem that needs to be solved by technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides an attenuation piece quick dismounting support suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation, which can realize the function of quick dismounting of the attenuation piece by locking or releasing the quick locker, and is suitable for attenuation pieces of different shapes, different types and different thicknesses, reduces the interruption of experiments caused by replacement of the attenuation piece, improves the productivity of the laboratory, reduces the risk of equipment and operators, and enhances the safety of the whole system.

[0007] The application provides an attenuation piece quick dismounting support suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation, which comprises a base frame, a plurality of attenuation piece placing grooves are sequentially arranged on the front and back surfaces of the base frame along the extension direction of the base frame, light transmission holes are arranged between the attenuation piece placing grooves corresponding in position on the front and back surfaces of the base frame, and the light transmission holes are located in the interior of the base frame; installation grooves communicating with each attenuation piece placing groove are arranged on both sides of each attenuation piece placing groove, and a quick locker is arranged in the installation groove.

[0008] In an implementable embodiment, the quick locker comprises a shell detachably connected with the installation groove, a rotating shaft penetrating through the top of the shell and being rotatable is further arranged in the shell, a spring is arranged around the rotating shaft, a tongue depressor for abutting against the attenuation piece is further arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, a shell slot is arranged on the shell and directed downward, and a tongue slot communicating with the shell slot and directed toward the shell slot is arranged on the shell.

[0009] In an implementable embodiment, a slope is further arranged on the shell, and the highest part of the slope is located at the slot opening of the tongue slot.

[0010] In an implementable embodiment, a knob is further arranged at the top of the rotating shaft.

[0011] In an implementable embodiment, a lower cooling system is further arranged in the interior of the base frame, the lower cooling system comprises a first cooling flow channel, a switching cooling flow channel and a second cooling flow channel sequentially communicating with each other, the extension directions of the first cooling flow channel and the second cooling flow channel are consistent with the base frame and the first cooling flow channel and the second cooling flow channel are respectively located on both sides of the light transmission hole, one end of the first cooling flow channel and one end of the second cooling flow channel communicate with the exterior of the base frame, and the switching cooling flow channel is located above the light transmission hole closest to the top end of the base frame.

[0012] In an implementable embodiment, a development cooling flow channel is further arranged in the interior of the base frame, one end of the development cooling flow channel communicates with the switching cooling flow channel, the other end of the development cooling flow channel communicates with the exterior of the base frame, a filler for plugging the development cooling flow channel is arranged in the development cooling flow channel, and a cooling water pipe is arranged at the end of the first cooling flow channel and the second cooling flow channel, and part of the cooling water pipe is located in the exterior of the base frame.

[0013] In an embodiment, the tongue depressor is made of flexible oxygen-free copper.

[0014] In an embodiment, the knob is made of Teflon.

[0015] In an embodiment, the attenuation sheet placement slot is circular or rectangular in shape.

[0016] The application also provides a method for using the quick-release support for attenuation sheets for hard X-ray energy attenuation, comprising at least the following steps:

[0017] 1) Place and fix the quick-locking device in the installation slot;

[0018] 2) After pulling up the knob, rotate the knob, and the tongue depressor rotates synchronously in the slot of the shell and slides into the tongue depressor slot along the slope;

[0019] 3) Place the attenuation sheet in the attenuation sheet placement slot;

[0020] 4) Rotate the knob, and the tongue depressor slides out of the tongue depressor slot into the slot of the shell along the slope, and the tension released by the spring on the rotating shaft holds the attenuation sheet.

[0021] The quick-release support for attenuation sheets for hard X-ray energy attenuation provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) The application improves the attenuation energy level by stacking attenuation sheets, and different combinations of attenuation sheets can achieve a wider attenuation range, meeting different experimental conditions and needs, while reducing costs and use space. When in use, the support can be directly moved, and the attenuation sheet placement slot corresponding to the desired attenuation energy level can be aligned with the optical path of the hard X-ray, so that the attenuation energy level can be adjusted without disassembly.

[0023] 2) The application realizes the function of quickly disassembling and assembling attenuation sheets by locking or releasing the quick-locking device, and can be applied to attenuation sheets of different shapes, different types, and different thicknesses, reducing the interruption of experiments caused by replacing attenuation sheets, thereby improving the productivity of the laboratory, reducing the risk of equipment and operators, and enhancing the safety of the entire system.

[0024] 3) The cooling system in the application adopts a lower cooling type flow channel design, which can solve the problem of high heat load of the attenuation sheet, greatly shortening the heat dissipation path, preventing excessive heat accumulation while efficiently dissipating heat, and the structure is compact, which maximizes the number of cooling system parts, not only saving costs and installation space, but also facilitating later maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base frame in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view along the AA direction in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of point B in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the quick-locking device in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional view of the quick-locking device in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the base frame in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the attenuator is not installed.

[0033] Figure Labels

[0034] Base 1

[0035] Quick-locking device 2

[0036] Casing 21

[0037] Shaft 22

[0038] Spring 23

[0039] Tongue depressor 24

[0040] 25mm groove in the casing

[0041] Tongue depressor groove 25.1

[0042] Slope 26

[0043] Knob 27

[0044] Attenuator Placement Slot 3

[0045] Light aperture 31

[0046] Mounting slot 4

[0047] Lower cooling system 5

[0048] First cooling channel 51

[0049] Adapter cooling channel 52

[0050] Second cooling channel 53

[0051] Develop cooling channels 54

[0052] Solder 55

[0053] Cooling water pipe 56 Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper side", "lower side", "above", "below", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0057] This invention provides a quick-release bracket for attenuation plates suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation, see reference. Figures 1-6The application relates to a fast-detachable support for attenuating sheets suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation, comprising a base frame 1, a plurality of attenuating sheet placing grooves 3 arranged on the front and back surfaces of the base frame 1 in sequence along the extension direction of the base frame 1, a light transmission hole 31 arranged between the corresponding attenuating sheet placing grooves 3 on the front and back surfaces of the base frame 1, and the light transmission hole 31 being located in the interior of the base frame 1; a mounting groove 4 in communication with each attenuating sheet placing groove 3 is arranged on both sides of the attenuating sheet placing groove 3, and a quick locking device 2 is arranged in the mounting groove 4. As an illustration, the attenuating sheet placing grooves 3 on the front surface of the base frame 1 and the attenuating sheet placing grooves 3 on the back surface of the base frame 1 are used together, and the front surface of the base frame 1 and the back surface of the base frame 1 are only limited for convenience in description, and in fact, the front and back surfaces of the base frame 1 are not distinguished. Different types, shapes and thicknesses of attenuating sheets can be placed in the plurality of attenuating sheet placing grooves 3, for example, a square diamond window with a thickness of 3.5 mu m and a 0.5 mm thick silicon substrate, a square diamond window with a thickness of 5.5 mu m and a 0.5 mm thick silicon substrate, a square diamond window with a thickness of 7.5 mu m and a 0.5 mm thick silicon substrate, a circular jade piece with a thickness of 0.2 mm, a circular jade piece with a thickness of 2 mm, and the like. The fast-detachable support for attenuating sheets suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation provided by the application can improve the attenuation energy level through the superposition use of the attenuating sheets, different attenuating sheet combinations can realize a wider attenuation range, different experimental conditions and requirements can be met, and the cost and use space can be reduced. In use, the base frame 1 can be directly moved, the light transmission hole 31 of the corresponding attenuating sheet combination can be aligned with the light path of the hard X-ray according to the desired attenuation energy level, and the adjustment of the attenuation energy level can be realized without disassembly.

[0058] In the fast-detachable support for attenuating sheets suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation provided by the embodiment of the application, Figure 5 and Figure 6The quick locking device 2 comprises a shell 21 detachably connected with the mounting groove 4, a rotating shaft 22 penetrating through the top of the shell 21 and rotatable is further arranged in the shell 21, a spring 23 is arranged around the rotating shaft 22, generally, the bottom of the rotating shaft 22 is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom of the spring 23 abuts against the bottom plate, and the top of the spring 23 abuts against the inner side of the top of the shell 21; the bottom of the rotating shaft 22 is further provided with a tongue depressor 24 for abutting against the attenuating sheet, generally, the tongue depressor 24 is located at the position of the bottom plate of the bottom of the rotating shaft 22; the shell 21 is provided with a shell slot 25 with the slot direction downward and a tongue slot 25.1 in communication with the shell slot 25 and with the slot direction toward the shell slot 25, the tongue slot 25.1 generally has a certain depth, can completely accommodate the tongue depressor 24 and can ensure that when the tongue depressor 24 rotates into the tongue slot 25.1, the bottom surface of the tongue slot 25.1 can support the tongue depressor 24, and at this time, the tension of the spring 23 can press the tongue depressor 24 on the bottom surface of the tongue slot 25.1, so that the tongue depressor 24 cannot be moved without external force intervention. In a specific embodiment, the shell 21 is further provided with a slope 26, the highest part of the slope 26 is located at the slot of the tongue slot 25.1. In another specific embodiment, the top of the rotating shaft 22 is further provided with a knob 27.

[0059] The quick locking device 2 is used to fix the attenuating sheet, and the quick locking device 2 is locked in the mounting groove 4, the knob 27 is lifted and rotated, the tongue depressor 24 is moved in the shell slot 25 to the direction of the tongue slot 25.1, and the tongue depressor 24 can slide into the tongue slot 25.1 along the slope 26, at this time, the spring 23 is in the compressed state; when the tongue depressor 24 enters the tongue slot 25.1, the tension of the spring 23 is released, the tongue depressor 24 is fixed on the bottom surface of the tongue slot 25.1 by the tension of the spring 23, at this time, the support of the application is in the state of fixing the attenuating sheet, and the support is not affected by the external force. Figure 8The state, namely, the attenuation piece can be placed according to the engineering requirement. The slope 26 can make the rotation of the tongue depressor 24 more smooth. After the attenuation piece is placed in the attenuation piece mounting groove 4, only the knob 27 needs to be rotated, so that the tongue depressor 24 is pressed down along the slope 26 and slides into the upper side of the attenuation piece, at this time, the tension released by the compression of the spring 23 is used to press the attenuation pieces of different thicknesses to be flat and firm in the placing groove 3. Through the above setting, the attenuation piece can be quickly disassembled and assembled by locking or releasing the quick locker 2, and can be suitable for attenuation pieces of different shapes, different types and different thicknesses, reduces the interruption of experiments caused by replacing the attenuation piece, thereby improving the productivity of the laboratory, reducing the risk of equipment and operators, and enhancing the safety of the whole system. The materials of the shell 21 and the rotating shaft 22 are aluminum, and the tongue depressor 24 is made of flexible oxygen-free copper material, which can well conduct heat and also ensure that the attenuation piece is not damaged by hard materials. In order to isolate the heat generated by the attenuation piece during work, enhance the operation feeling and accuracy, and ensure the safety of use in the ultra-high vacuum environment, the knob 23 is made of Teflon material.

[0060] In the attenuation piece quick dismounting support suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation provided by the embodiment of the application, referring to Figure 7 The base frame 1 is internally provided with a lower cooling system 5, which comprises a first cooling flow channel 51, a switching cooling flow channel 52 and a second cooling flow channel 53 connected and communicated in sequence; the extension directions of the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53 are consistent with the base frame 1 and are respectively located on the two sides of the light transmission hole 31, one end of the first cooling flow channel 51 and one end of the second cooling flow channel 53 are communicated with the outside of the base frame 1, and the switching cooling flow channel 52 is located above the light transmission hole 31 closest to the top end of the base frame 1. As an illustration, all the light transmission holes 31 are surrounded by the first cooling flow channel 51, the switching cooling flow channel 52 and the second cooling flow channel 53, the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53 directly pass through the middle of the attenuation piece placing groove 3 on the front of the base frame 1 and the attenuation piece placing groove 3 on the back of the base frame 1, and are as close to the light transmission hole 31 as possible. This lower cooling type flow channel design directly forms the flow channel by drilling holes in the base frame 1, has high heat dissipation efficiency and compact structure, can minimize the number of parts of the cooling system, saves cost and installation space, and is also conducive to later maintenance.

[0061] In the attenuation piece quick dismounting support suitable for hard X-ray energy attenuation provided by the embodiment of the application, referring to Figure 7The inside of the base frame 1 is further provided with a development cooling flow channel 54, one end of the development cooling flow channel 54 is communicated with the adapter cooling flow channel 52, and the other end is communicated with the outside of the base frame 1; the development cooling flow channel 54 is provided with a filler 55; the ends of the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53 are provided with cooling water pipes 56, and the cooling water pipes 56 are partially located outside the base frame 1, and the end is the end communicated with the outside space of the base frame 1. The manufacturing process of the lower cooling system 5 is as follows: a deep hole is formed from the bottom of the base frame 1 upwards to form the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53, and the development cooling flow channel 54 and the adapter cooling flow channel 52 are formed by opening holes from the side of the base frame 1, until the adapter cooling flow channel 52 is communicated with the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53, and the hole diameter is 6mm, then the development cooling flow channel 54 is filled with solder 55, so that the development cooling flow channel 54 is closed, and the cooling water pipes 56 are welded with the ends of the first cooling flow channel 51 and the second cooling flow channel 53, for the introduction and outflow of external cooling water, which can be seen in detail Figure 7 .

[0062] The application is suitable for the use method of the quick-release support of the hard X-ray energy attenuation sheet, and at least includes the following steps:

[0063] 1) The quick locking device 2 is placed and fixed in the mounting groove 4;

[0064] 2) After the pull knob 27 is pulled upwards, the knob 27 is rotated, the tongue plate 24 is synchronously rotated in the shell slot 25 and slides into the tongue slot 25.1 along the slope 26;

[0065] 3) The attenuation sheet is placed in the attenuation sheet placing groove 3;

[0066] 4) The knob 27 is rotated, the tongue plate 24 slides out of the tongue slot 25.1 into the shell slot 25 along the slope 26, and the tension released by the spring 23 on the shaft 22 supports the tongue plate 24 against the attenuation sheet.

[0067] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, some improvements and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principles of the application, and these improvements and replacements should be regarded as the protection range of the application.

Claims

1. A quick-release bracket for attenuating hard X-ray energy, characterized in that: The system includes a base frame (1), on both the front and back sides of which multiple attenuator placement slots (3) are sequentially provided along the extension direction of the base frame (1). Light transmission holes (31) are provided between the corresponding attenuator placement slots (3) on both the front and back sides of the base frame (1). The light transmission holes (31) are located inside the base frame (1). Each attenuator placement slot (3) has a mounting slot (4) on both sides that communicates with it. A quick-locking device (2) is provided in the mounting slot (4). The quick-locking device (2) includes a housing (21) detachably connected to the mounting slot (4). The housing (21) also has a rotating shaft (22) that passes through the top of the housing (21) and is rotatable. A spring (23) is arranged around the rotating shaft (22). The bottom of the rotating shaft (22) is also provided with a pressure plate (24) for supporting the attenuation plate. The housing (21) has a housing slot (25) with the opening facing downward and a pressure groove (25.1) that communicates with the housing slot (25) and has the opening facing the housing slot (25). The pressure plate (24) and the pressure groove (25.1) are slidably connected. The base frame (1) is also provided with a lower cooling system (5). This lower cooling flow channel design directly forms a flow channel by opening a hole inside the base frame 1. The shell (21) is also provided with a ramp (26). The highest point of the ramp (26) is located at the groove opening of the tongue groove (25.1).

2. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the rotating shaft (22) is also provided with a knob (27).

3. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The lower cooling system (5) includes a first cooling channel (51), a transition cooling channel (52), and a second cooling channel (53) connected in sequence. The extension directions of the first cooling channel (51) and the second cooling channel (53) are consistent with those of the base frame (1) and are located on both sides of the light-transmitting hole (31). One end of the first cooling channel (51) and one end of the second cooling channel (53) are connected to the outside of the base frame (1). The transition cooling channel (52) is located above the light-transmitting hole (31) closest to the top of the base frame (1).

4. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The base frame (1) is also provided with a development cooling channel (54). One end of the development cooling channel (54) is connected to the transition cooling channel (52), and the other end is connected to the outside of the base frame (1). The development cooling channel (54) is provided with a packing material (55) for blocking the development cooling channel (54). The ends of the first cooling channel (51) and the second cooling channel (53) are both provided with cooling water pipes (56), and part of the cooling water pipes (56) is located outside the base frame (1).

5. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The tongue depressor (24) is made of flexible oxygen-free copper.

6. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The knob (27) is made of Teflon.

7. The quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The shape of the attenuator placement slot (3) is circular or rectangular.

8. A method of using a quick-release bracket for attenuation of hard X-ray energy as described in any one of claims 4 to 7, comprising at least the following steps: Place and secure the quick-locking device (2) in the mounting slot (4); Pull up the knob (27) and rotate the knob (27). The tongue depressor (24) rotates synchronously in the slot (25) of the housing and slides into the tongue depressor groove (25.1) along the ramp (26). Place the attenuator in the attenuator placement slot (3); Rotate the knob (27), and the tongue depressor (24) slides out of the tongue depressor groove (25.1) along the ramp (26) and enters the housing slot (25). The tension released by the spring (23) on the rotating shaft (22) holds the tongue depressor (24) against the attenuation plate.

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