A method for fitting near-vision glasses for myopia prevention and control

Abstract

A method for fitting near glasses for myopia prevention and control belongs to the field of myopia prevention and control. It solves the problems of poor applicability of reading glasses obtained according to the existing fitting methods and ineffective myopia prevention and control. The technical solution is as follows: It includes the following steps: obtaining the accurate refractive power of the examined person through objective optometry and subjective optometry, where the initial spherical lens power is S and the cylindrical lens power is C. Calculate the additional spherical lens power S1 = 1 / f - 1 / F based on the actual habitual eye use distance f and the simulated eye use distance F of the patient on the basis of the far vision optometry power. Calculate the total additional spherical lens power SP = S + S1. Obtain the actual gradient AC / A = |Y2 - Y1| when adding positive spherical lenses for this examined person, and then obtain the first prism addition value P1 = S1 * AC / A. Calculate the second prism addition value P2 = (2 * BI blur point - BO blur point) / 3. Compare the first prism addition value and the second prism addition value to obtain the final prism addition degree and the final spherical lens degree. This invention is applied to the optometry industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a method for fitting near vision glasses for myopia prevention and control, belonging to the technical field of myopia prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the overall myopia incidence rate among children and adolescents, the task of myopia prevention and control is arduous. As is well known, when a person looks at a distant object, the eye is in a relaxed accommodation state, and the eye position is abducted. At this time, both the intraocular muscles and extraocular muscles are in a relaxed state, and it is not easy to develop myopia. When looking at a near object, due to the accommodation of the lens and the convergence of the eyeball, muscle tension is formed, resulting in visual fatigue. Due to the combined action of the lens accommodation and the medial and lateral rectus muscles, the eye axis develops at an excessive speed, resulting in axial myopia, which is currently the main cause of myopia. Currently, optical lenses are usually added on the basis of the far vision refraction degree, such as adding positive spherical lenses and / or prisms, to reduce the accommodation demand and convergence demand required for near vision use, thereby alleviating the muscle tension caused by both accommodation and convergence, and thus controlling the growth degree of the eye axis to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling myopia. The parameters of traditional reading and writing glasses are fixed values, with a near vision addition of +1.50DS for positive spherical lenses, and a prism addition with a base-in prism of three prisms added to each of the left and right eyes. Although it can alleviate the problem of visual fatigue caused by children's near vision use to a certain extent, it is not suitable for all examinees. Some examinees have a large eye position and poor fusion ability. Wearing the above-mentioned reading and writing glasses with fixed parameters cannot achieve the purpose of alleviating visual fatigue well, and may even cause a greater problem of eye deviation. Some examinees have a small eye position and do not require so much relaxation. Wearing the above-mentioned reading and writing glasses with fixed parameters may cause more visual function problems.

[0003] Chinese Invention Patent (CN112656361A) proposes a method for fitting and using functional glasses, which provides three fitting methods, namely, calculating the value of the spherical lens to be added according to the actual accommodation ability and accommodation demand of the eye; calculating the value of the prism to be added according to the actual convergence ability and convergence demand of the eye; calculating the values of additional spherical lenses, prisms and other additional functional lenses to be added according to the actual accommodation, convergence and other visual function abilities and accommodation, convergence and other visual function demands of the eye. However, its fitting method requires setting a safety multiple value M of the accommodation ability required for long-term comfortable eye use or determining a safety multiple value N of the convergence ability. However, no exact calculation method is given for determining the safety multiple value M of the accommodation ability and the safety multiple value N of the convergence ability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems of poor applicability of reading and writing glasses obtained according to the existing fitting methods and ineffective myopia prevention and control, the present invention proposes a fitting method for near-vision glasses for myopia prevention and control. The purpose is to improve the fitting method of near-vision glasses, so as to further specifically solve the problem of personal comfort in near-distance eye use and improve the effect of myopia prevention and control.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: including the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Obtain the accurate refractive power of the subject through objective refraction and subjective refraction, where the initial spherical power is S and the cylindrical power is C;

[0007] Step 2: Calculate the additional spherical power S1 = 1 / f - 1 / F added on the basis of the distance refraction power according to the actual habitual near-vision distance f and the simulated near-vision distance F of the patient, where the units of f and F are both meters;

[0008] Step 3: Calculate the total additional spherical power SP = S + S1;

[0009] Step 4: Fully correct the refractive error of the subject, and then make the subject's both eyes fixate on the visual target, and record the detected primary eye position at this time as Y1; after adding a +1.00DS positive spherical lens in front of both eyes and making the subject's both eyes fixate on the visual target again, record the detected second eye position at this time as Y2, and obtain the actual gradient AC / A of the subject when adding the positive spherical lens as |Y2 - Y1|, and further obtain the first prism addition value P1 = S1 * AC / A;

[0010] Step 5: Detect the phoria of the subject's eyes, obtain the BI blur point and the BO blur point, and calculate the second prism addition value P2 = (2 * BI blur point - BO blur point) / 3 according to the BI blur point and the BO blur point;

[0011] Step 6: Obtain the final prism addition and the final spherical power:

[0012] When P1 ≤ P2, the final prism addition P0 = P1, and the final additional spherical power S0 = SP;

[0013] When P1 > P2, the final prism addition P0 = P2, and the final additional spherical power S0 = SP - (P1 - P2) / AC / A;

[0014] Step 7: Obtain the final myopia prevention and control glasses prescription: the final prism addition is P0, the final additional spherical power is S0, the base direction is BI, and the cylindrical power is C.

[0015] Further, the value of the simulated eye use distance F is obtained based on the actual near eye use time of the subject being examined. If the average daily near eye use time of the subject being examined is within 2 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 1 meter; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject being examined is within 2 - 4 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 1.5 meters; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject being examined is more than 4 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 2 meters.

[0016] Further, in the fourth step, the primary eye position Y1 is the eye position parameter measured when the subject being examined fixates on a target 40 cm in front of the eyes, and the secondary eye position Y2 is the eye position parameter measured when the subject being examined fixates on a target 40 cm in front of the eyes again after adding a +1.00 DS spherical lens in front of both eyes.

[0017] Further, the device used for objective optometry in the first step is a computer optometer, which is used to check the focusing condition after light enters the eyeball.

[0018] Further, the phoria is detected according to the conventional method to obtain the parameters of the BI blur point and the BO blur point.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0020] 1. The method for fitting near glasses for myopia prevention and control of the present invention comprehensively considers the habitual eye use distance f, the simulated eye use distance F, the refractive ametropia full correction eye position parameters, the phoria, etc., and can perform fitting according to personal characteristics, solve the problem of the comfort of the subject being examined's habitual near eye use, reduce the accommodation demand during near eye use, ensure the appropriate use of the accommodation function. For those who have not developed myopia, it can play a very good role in preventing the occurrence of myopia and reducing the occurrence and development of myopia;

[0021] 2. The value of the simulated eye use distance F of the present invention is obtained based on the actual near eye use time of the subject being examined, comprehensively considering the distance and time problems of near eye use, ensuring that when the child uses the eyes at close range for a long time, the eyes of the subject being examined do not need to be overly fatigued, ensuring that the intraocular muscles and extraocular muscles are at an appropriate use intensity, obtaining a relatively balanced eye use habit, so that when using the eyes at close range, the eyeballs are in the most relaxed state within the allowable range of eye position, which plays a positive role in preventing and controlling myopia and controlling the increase of myopia degree. Specific embodiments

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is a relative orientation or positional relationship. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0023] Near-control prevention and control mainly solves the problem of visual fatigue during near vision. Therefore, the method for fitting near-use glasses for myopia prevention and control of the present invention mainly solves the problem of visual fatigue when the eye use distance of the examinee is between 1 and 2 meters.

[0024] A method for fitting near-use glasses for myopia prevention and control provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Obtain the accurate refractive power of the examinee through objective optometry and subjective optometry, where the initial spherical lens power is S and the cylindrical lens power is C.

[0026] Specifically, objective optometry is performed using an automated refractor to objectively measure the position formed by the reflected light from the fundus or cornea of the examined eye, thereby judging the optical system of the eyeball or the refractive state of the corneal surface, and detecting the initial refractive power of the examinee; then, after the examinee wears corrective lenses based on the initial refractive power, under the condition of subjective visual response, the examiner directly verifies the refractive state of the examinee's eyes more precisely according to the level and change law of the examinee's vision, and obtains the adjusted refractive power. Subjective optometry consists of two parts: spherical lens verification and cylindrical lens (power and axis) verification.

[0027] Step 2: Calculate the additional spherical lens power S1 = 1 / f - 1 / F based on the far vision refractive power according to the actual habitual eye use distance f and the simulated eye use distance F of the patient, where the unit of f is meters;

[0028] Specifically, preventing and controlling myopia mainly alleviates the muscle tension brought by accommodation and convergence through additional optical lenses, thereby controlling the growth degree of the eye axis. Then, the amount of alleviation becomes the main parameter. The present invention uses the simulated eye use distance as the amount of alleviation, and sets the simulated eye use distance as F, with the unit of meters;

[0029] The value of the simulated eye use distance F is obtained based on the actual near eye use time of the subject being examined. If the average daily near eye use time of the subject is within 2 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 1 meter; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject is within 2 - 4 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 1.5 meters; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject is more than 4 hours, the simulated eye use distance F is taken as 2 meters.

[0030] Step 3: Calculate the total additional spherical lens power required SP = S + S1.

[0031] Step 4: Fully correct the refractive error of the subject being examined. Then, make the subject's both eyes fixate on the visual target at 40 cm in front of the eyes, and record the eye position detected at this time as Y1; after adding a +1.00 DS positive spherical lens in front of both eyes, make the subject's both eyes fixate on the visual target at 40 cm in front of the eyes again, and record the eye position detected at this time as Y2. Obtain the actual gradient AC / A of the subject when adding the positive spherical lens as |Y2 - Y1|, and further obtain the first prism addition value P1 = S1 * AC / A.

[0032] Step 5: Detect the phoria degree of the subject's eyes according to the conventional method to obtain the BI break point and BO break point. Calculate the second prism addition value P2 = (2 * BI break point - BO break point) / 3. The second prism addition value P2 is the state where the eyeball is in the most relaxed state within the allowable range of the eye position.

[0033] Step 6: Compare the first prism addition value with the second prism addition value to obtain the final prism addition degree and final spherical lens degree additionally added on the basis of the fully corrected distance glasses.

[0034] When P1 ≤ P2, the final prism addition degree P0 = P1, and the final additional spherical lens degree S0 = SP.

[0035] When P1 > P2, the final prism addition degree P0 = P2, and the final additional spherical lens degree S0 = SP - (P1 - P2) / AC / A.

[0036] Step 7: Obtain the final myopia prevention and control glasses prescription, that is, the final prism addition degree is P0, the final additional spherical lens degree is S0, the base direction is BI, and the cylindrical lens degree is C. The final prism addition degree and final spherical lens degree can be added to the distance lens degree. Then, professional technicians in this field can make personalized adjustments according to the experience effect and feedback of the subject during the trial wear to determine the degree of the finally made glasses.

[0037] During the process of the near vision glasses fitting method of the present invention, the initial parameters involved can be obtained through existing inspection and monitoring devices on the market, such as infrared detection devices, laser detection devices, etc. As long as they are combined with other detection devices required for glasses fitting on the current market, the initial parameters obtained for the fitting method of the present invention can meet the subsequent parameter calculations.

[0038] Regarding the specific structure of the present invention, it should be noted that the connection relationships between the various component modules adopted by the present invention are determined and achievable. Except for the special descriptions in the embodiments, the specific connection relationships can bring corresponding technical effects and, on the premise of not relying on the execution of corresponding software programs, solve the technical problems proposed by the present invention. The models of the components, modules, and specific components, the connection methods between each other, and the conventional usage methods and predictable technical effects brought by the above technical features, except for the specific descriptions, all belong to the publicly disclosed content in patents, journal papers, technical manuals, technical dictionaries, and textbooks that those skilled in the art could obtain before the filing date, or belong to the prior art such as conventional techniques and common general knowledge in the art, and do not need to be elaborated. This enables the technical solution provided in this case to be clear, complete, and achievable, and the corresponding physical product can be reproduced or obtained based on this technical means.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fitting near-eye glasses for myopia prevention and control, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Obtain the subject's accurate refractive power through objective optometry and subjective optometry, where the initial spherical power is S and the cylindrical power is C; Step 2: Calculate the spherical power S1=1 / f-1 / F added to the distance optometry power according to the patient's actual habitual eye distance f and the simulated eye distance F, where both f and F are in meters; The value of the simulated eye distance F is determined by the actual near eye time of the subject; Step 3: Calculate the total additional spherical power SP=S+S1; Step 4: Perform full correction of the subject's refractive error, and then make the subject's eyes look at the sight mark, and record the first eye position detected at this time as Y1; after adding a +1.00DS positive spherical lens in front of both eyes, make the subject's eyes look at the sight mark again, and record the second eye position detected at this time as Y2, and obtain the actual gradient AC / A=|Y2-Y1| of the subject when the positive spherical lens is added, and then obtain the first prism addition value P1=S1*AC / A; Step 5, detect the latent degree of the subject's eyes, obtain the BI blur point and the BO blur point, and calculate the second prism added value P2=(2*BI blur point-BO blur point) / 3 according to the BI blur point and the BO blur point; Step 6: Obtain the final prism additional degree and final spherical degree: When P1≤P2, the final prism addition degree P0=P1, and the final additional spherical degree S0=SP; When P1>P2, the final prism addition power P0=P2, and the final additional spherical power S0=SP-(P1-P2) / AC / A; Step 7. Obtain the final myopia prevention and control eyeglass prescription: the final prism addition power is P0, the final spherical addition power is S0, the base direction is BI, and the cylindrical power is C.

2. A method for fitting near glasses for myopia prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining the simulated eye distance F in the step 2 is: if the average daily near eye use time of the subject is less than 2 hours, the simulated eye distance F is 1 meter; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject is within 2 to 4 hours, the simulated eye distance F is 1.5 meters; if the average daily near eye use time of the subject is more than 4 hours, the simulated eye distance F is 2 meters.

3. A method for fitting near glasses for myopia prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first eye position Y1 in step 4 is the eye position parameter measured by making the subject's eyes look at the sight mark 40 cm in front of the eyes, and the second eye position Y2 is the eye position parameter measured by adding a +1.00DS positive spherical lens in front of both eyes and making the subject's eyes look at the sight mark 40 cm in front of the eyes again.

4. A method for fitting near-sighted glasses for myopia prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device used for objective optometry in step 1 is a computer optometry instrument, which is used to check the focusing condition of light after it enters the eyeball.

5. A method for fitting near glasses for myopia prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implicit skewness is detected according to conventional methods, and the parameters of the BI fuzzy point and the BO fuzzy point are obtained.