Adjustable mainstream smoke mouse smoke addiction monitoring device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device and a working method thereof in the technical field of biological evaluation of smoking addiction, and aims to solve the problems that a device and an evaluation system related to smoke monitoring animal addiction are lacked in the prior art, and the degree and mechanism of smoke induced addiction are inconvenient to explore. The device comprises a flue gas exposure box, a position preference box and a camera, the flue gas exposure box is communicated with the position preference box through a blocking mechanism, the flue gas exposure box is communicated with a smoking machine through a gas inlet pipeline, an air pipeline is arranged on the gas inlet pipeline, the flue gas exposure box is communicated with a sucking pump, and a flue gas quality detector is arranged in the flue gas exposure box; according to the method, different smoke mass concentrations are adopted to monitor the mouse addiction, the established smoke addiction withdrawal model can explore the degree and mechanism of smoke addiction from multiple aspects such as the addiction degree and the withdrawal symptom, and the method plays an important role in exploring the effect and mechanism of smoking addiction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological evaluation of smoking addiction. Background Art

[0002] Addiction involves multiple disciplines such as social science, psychology, pharmacology, psychiatry, genetics, and behavior. Smoking addiction is the most widely affected type of addiction. It is currently believed that the main addictive substance causing smoking is nicotine, which acts on the dopamine (DA) reward circuit in the mesolimbic system by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), triggering a reward effect. Repeated nicotine exposure causes smokers to become dependent on nicotine and then addicted. The composition of smoke is complex, and more than 7,000 substances have been discovered. In in vitro cytological experiments, it was found that in addition to nicotine, other alkaloids in smoke, such as nornicotine, myosamine, anabasine, anatabine, cotinine, diene nicotine, and isonicotine, can excite or inhibit nAChRs, thereby producing neurobiological effects. Therefore, smoking addiction cannot be simply replaced by nicotine addiction, but is the result of the combined action of multiple substances. At present, subcutaneous injection models, self-administration models and aerosol administration models have been reported to induce animal addiction and withdrawal models for nicotine, but nicotine is only one of the substances in smoke, and the single administration of nicotine cannot reflect the actual process of smoke burning, inhaling into the lungs and then inducing addiction; Announcement Nos. CN111826436A and CN111856031 A invented a rat nicotine addiction, withdrawal and addiction reconstruction stage model based on a conditioned place preference (CPP) device and a rat nicotine CPP acquisition model based on a conditioned place preference (CPP) device, and finally obtained nicotine-free rats and nicotine-dependent rats.

[0003] The prior art lacks devices and evaluation systems for monitoring the addictiveness of animals through smoke, which makes it difficult to explore the degree and mechanism of smoke-induced addiction. The present invention can explore the degree and mechanism of smoke-induced addiction from multiple aspects such as the degree of addiction and the severity of withdrawal symptoms, which plays an important role in exploring the effects and mechanisms of smoking addiction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction and its working method, so as to solve the problem that the prior art lacks devices and evaluation systems for monitoring animal addiction through smoke, and is not convenient for exploring the degree and mechanism of smoke-induced addiction.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to smoke, comprising a smoke exposure box, a position preference box and a camera, wherein the smoke exposure box is connected to the position preference box via a blocking mechanism, the smoke exposure box is connected to a smoking machine via an air intake pipeline, an air pipeline is provided on the air intake pipeline, the smoke exposure box is connected to an air pump, and a smoke quality detector is provided in the smoke exposure box; The camera is used to observe the time the animal stays in the place preference box and the smoke exposure box.

[0006] Furthermore, the animals include mice and rats.

[0007] Furthermore, the blocking mechanism includes a door curtain, and the animal can pass through the door curtain to enter the smoke exposure box or the position preference box.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is provided between the smoke exposure box and the position preference box, and the door curtain is arranged inside the connecting pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the blocking mechanism also includes a baffle plate arranged inside the connecting pipe, the baffle plate is located on one side of the door curtain, and the baffle plate is used to isolate the smoke exposure box and the position preference box.

[0010] Furthermore, the air pipeline cooperates with the air pump to adjust the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a behavioral analysis system, and the camera is electrically connected to the behavioral analysis system.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the air pipeline is connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the air flow in the air pipeline.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a working method of an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction, based on the adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: Turning on the smoking machine and closing the blocking mechanism; Controlling the vacuum pump so that the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box is stabilized within a preset range; Placing the animal in the smoke exposure box once a day for a preset time and for a preset number of days; When the animal is placed for the last time, the blocking mechanism is opened to allow the animal to move freely in the smoke exposure box and the position preference box. The residence time of the animal in the smoke exposure box and the position preference box is observed by the camera for a preset time.

[0014] Furthermore, the smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box is detected by the smoke mass detector to ensure that the smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box is stable within a preset range.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device uses a smoke quality detector to control the smoke concentration in the smoke exposure box, and uses different smoke mass concentrations to monitor the addiction of mice. The established smoke addiction withdrawal model can explore the degree and mechanism of smoke addiction from multiple aspects such as the degree of addiction and the severity of withdrawal symptoms, which plays an important role in exploring the effects and mechanisms of smoking addiction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice smoking addiction provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of weight changes of mice provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the residence time of a smoke exposure box for mice provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. smoking machine; 2. air pipeline; 3. smoke quality detector; 4. vacuum pump; 5. camera; 6. position preference box; 7. door curtain; 8. smoke exposure box; 9. air intake pipeline; 10. baffle; 11. connecting pipe; 12. controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0021] Embodiment 1:

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice smoke addiction, including a smoke exposure box 8, a position preference box 6 and a camera 5. The smoke exposure box 8 is connected to the position preference box 6 through a blocking mechanism, and the smoke exposure box 8 is connected to the smoking machine 1 through an air intake pipe 9. The air intake pipe 9 is provided with an air pipe 2. The smoke exposure box 8 is connected to an exhaust pump 4, and a smoke quality detector 3 is provided in the smoke exposure box 8; the camera 5 is used to observe the residence time of the animal in the position preference box 6 and the smoke exposure box 8.

[0023] Specifically, during operation, the smoking machine 1 is turned on, and the smoke is sent into the smoke exposure box 8 through the air intake pipe 9, and the suction pump 4 is turned on. Through the cooperation of the suction pump 4, the air pipe 2 and the smoking machine 1, according to actual work needs, the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 is controlled to be stable within a preset range, and the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 is further controlled by the smoke quality detector 3, and then the animal is placed in the smoke exposure box 8 once a day for a preset time and for a preset number of consecutive days, and the blocking mechanism is in a closed state at this time; the blocking mechanism is opened when the animal is placed for the last time, allowing the animal to freely shuttle between the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6, and the residence time of the animal in the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6 is observed by the camera 5, and the preset time is continuously observed. According to the residence time of the animal in the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6, the addictiveness of the smoke-exposed animal is evaluated through position preference behavioral analysis.

[0024] The present invention utilizes the smoke quality detector 3 to control the smoke concentration in the smoke exposure box 8, and uses different smoke mass concentrations to monitor the addiction of mice. The established smoke addiction withdrawal model can explore the degree and mechanism of smoke addiction from multiple aspects such as the degree of addiction and the severity of withdrawal symptoms, which plays an important role in exploring the effects and mechanisms of smoking addiction.

[0025] The present invention monitors the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 in real time, and can adjust the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 in real time by adjusting the vacuum pump 4. The smoke mass concentration is adjustable. The present invention can evaluate the addictiveness of smoke-exposed animals through position preference behavioral analysis at different stages of smoke exposure.

[0026] In one embodiment, the animals include mice and rats, and the blocking mechanism includes a door curtain 7, through which the animals can pass into the smoke exposure box 8 or the position preference box 6, a connecting pipe 11 is provided between the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6, and the door curtain 7 is arranged in the connecting pipe 11, and the blocking mechanism also includes a baffle 10 arranged inside the connecting pipe 11, and the baffle 10 is located on one side of the door curtain 7, and the baffle 10 is used to isolate the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6; the air pipeline 2 cooperates with the vacuum pump 4 to regulate the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8, and also includes a behavioral analysis system, the camera 5 is electrically connected to the behavioral analysis system, and one end of the air pipeline 2 is connected to the controller 12, and the controller 12 is used to control the air flow in the air pipeline 2.

[0027] Specifically, when working, firstly, the smoking machine 1 is turned on, the smoking machine 1 is set with a smoking program according to national standards or other standard methods, the smoke exposure device is set with a carrier gas flow rate of 8L / min, and the smoke quality detector 3 is connected; By setting the controller 12 and the vacuum pump 4, the vacuum flow rate and the air flow rate are set to stabilize the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 within a certain range; mice or rats are placed in the smoke exposure box 8; the mice are exposed once a day for one hour each time for fourteen consecutive days; during the last smoke exposure, the baffle 10 inside the connecting pipe 11 is opened to allow the animals to freely shuttle between the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6, and the activity status of the animals and their respective residence time in the two areas are observed by the camera 5 for a total of 20 minutes, and the behavioral analysis system is used for analysis.

[0028] In this embodiment, a single-channel smoking machine (ISO smoking mode with a smoking volume of 35 ml, a smoking interval of 60 s, and a smoking time of 2 s) is used for smoking. The smoke and the carrier gas (air) are pre-mixed and then introduced into the smoke exposure box 8. The mice are placed in the smoke exposure box 8 for smoke exposure. The smoke exposure quality is detected by the smoke quality detector 3, and the smoke mass concentration is adjusted to be constant in a certain range by adjusting the controller 12 and the suction pump 4. The Huirong and rat mouth and nose exposure system is used to maintain a carrier gas flow rate of 8 L / min.

[0029] In this embodiment, 40 male mice of similar weight and age were randomly divided into a control group, a low-dose exposure group, a medium-dose exposure group and a high-dose exposure group, and the weight and mental activity state of the mice were observed in parallel throughout the experiment; 40 C57 mice weighed 18-22g, and the mice were kept in an animal room with an air cleanliness level of 100,000 when smoking, with a room temperature of 21±1°C, a humidity of 58±4%, and a day and night cycle of 12h / 12h; the mice were placed in a smoke exposure box 8; the size of the smoke exposure box 8 was 45 cm×30 cm×30 cm; when exposed to smoke, the baffle 10 closed the connecting pipe 11.

[0030] In this embodiment, mice were placed in the smoke exposure chamber 8 for smoke exposure once a day for 1 h each time for 14 consecutive days. The smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure chamber 8 was stabilized at 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / m by controlling the exhaust flow rate. 3 During smoke exposure, the baffle 10 closes the connecting pipe 11; after the last smoke exposure, a position preference test is performed, the baffle 10 is opened, and a door curtain 7 is set to allow free two-way traffic; the camera 5 observes the residence time of the mice in the smoke area (i.e., in the smoke exposure box 8) and the non-smoke area (i.e., in the position preference box 6) within 20 minutes.

[0031] Embodiment 2:

[0032] The present invention provides a working method of an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction, based on the adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction described in Example 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Turn on the smoking machine 1 and close the blocking mechanism; Controlling the vacuum pump 4 so that the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box 8 is stabilized within a preset range; Placing the animal in the smoke exposure box 8 once a day for a preset time and for a preset number of days; When the animal is placed for the last time, the blocking mechanism is opened to allow the animal to move freely between the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6. The camera 5 is used to observe the animal's residence time in the smoke exposure box 8 and the position preference box 6 for a preset time.

[0033] Specifically, the smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box 8 is detected by the smoke mass detector 3 to ensure that the smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box 8 is stable within a preset range.

[0034] In this embodiment, smoke and carrier gas (air) are pre-mixed and then introduced into the smoke exposure box 8, the smoke exposure quality is detected by a smoke quality detector, and the smoke mass concentration is adjusted to be constant in a certain range by adjusting the carrier gas volume; after stabilization, mice are placed in the smoke exposure box 8, and the mice are exposed once a day for 1 hour each time for 14 consecutive days; during the last smoke exposure, the baffle 10 in the connecting pipe 11 is opened to allow the animals to freely shuttle between the smoke area and the non-smoke area, and the activity state of the animals and the residence time in each area are observed by a camera; the average smoke mass concentration during the smoke exposure period is shown in Table 1:

[0035] Observation of mouse status: On the first day of smoke exposure, all mice in the smoke exposure group were agitated, running around in the exposure box, and in good mental state. As the smoke exposure time increased, some mice began to wheeze with their mouths open, coughing increased, their fur became dull and yellow, their weight decreased, and their food intake decreased; after a week, the mice basically adapted to smoke exposure, showing excitement after exposure, and then becoming sleepy, all mice gathered together, and their activity was weakened; the mice in the control group were active normally, their weight increased normally, their fur was shiny, and their mental state was good.

[0036] Weight changes of mice: The weight of mice in the air exposure group grew normally, but the weight of mice in the smoke exposure group showed slow weight gain on the 7th day, and some even decreased on the 14th day; statistical analysis of the weight of each group found that on the 7th day, the weight of all mice in the smoke exposure group was significantly different from that of the control group, and this difference became more significant as the number of days of smoke exposure increased. However, there was no significant difference in the weight of mice between the different smoke concentration exposure groups, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 2 :

[0037] In the table: n is the number of mice in each group; * is a statistical symbol; P is a statistically significant difference; Smoke addiction assessment: On the last day of smoke exposure, mice were tested for position preference, and the time they stayed in the smoke area of ​​corresponding concentration was recorded. The mice in the smoke exposure group initially shuttled back and forth between the smoke area and the non-smoke area to explore the environment, and they did not show the performance of the control mice quickly returning to the non-smoke area. At the same time, some mice stayed in the smoke area for a long time after the environmental exploration. The higher the smoke concentration, the more obvious the phenomenon of staying in the smoke area for a long time. The statistical analysis of the time spent in the smoke area showed that the lowest smoke concentration was 500 mg / m 3 That is, it can significantly prolong the time that mice stay in the smoke area; comprehensive comparison shows that the time that mice stay in the smoke area is proportional to the smoke mass concentration, indicating that the higher the smoke concentration exposed in the early stage, the stronger the dependence of mice on smoke, as shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 :

[0038] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice smoking addiction, characterized in that: The smoke exposure box (8) comprises a smoke exposure box (8), a position preference box (6) and a camera (5), wherein the smoke exposure box (8) is connected to the position preference box (6) via a blocking mechanism, the smoke exposure box (8) is connected to a smoking machine (1) via an air intake pipe (9), an air pipe (2) is provided on the air intake pipe (9), the smoke exposure box (8) is connected to an air pump (4), and a smoke quality detector (3) is provided inside the smoke exposure box (8); The camera (5) is used to observe the time the animal stays in the location preference box (6) and the smoke exposure box (8).

2. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The animals include mice and rats.

3. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism comprises a door curtain (7) through which the animal can pass to enter the smoke exposure box (8) or the position preference box (6).

4. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (11) is provided between the smoke exposure box (8) and the position preference box (6), and the door curtain (7) is arranged inside the connecting pipe (11).

5. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism further comprises a baffle (10) arranged inside the connecting pipe (11), the baffle (10) being located on one side of the door curtain (7), and the baffle (10) being used to isolate the smoke exposure box (8) from the position preference box (6).

6. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pipeline (2) cooperates with the air extraction pump (4) to regulate the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box (8).

7. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a behavioral analysis system, and the camera (5) is electrically connected to the behavioral analysis system.

8. The adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air pipeline (2) is connected to a controller (12), and the controller (12) is used to control the air flow in the air pipeline (2).

9. A working method of an adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction, based on the adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring device for mice to monitor smoke addiction according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Turning on the smoking machine (1) and closing the blocking mechanism; Controlling the vacuum pump (4) so ​​that the smoke mass concentration in the smoke exposure box (8) is stabilized within a preset range; Placing the animal in the smoke exposure box (8) once a day for a preset time and for a preset number of days; When the animal is placed for the last time, the blocking mechanism is opened to allow the animal to move freely between the smoke exposure box (8) and the position preference box (6), and the time the animal stays in the smoke exposure box (8) and the position preference box (6) is observed by the camera (5) for a preset time.

10. The working method of the adjustable mainstream smoke monitoring mouse smoke addiction device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box (8) is detected by the smoke mass detector (3) to ensure that the smoke mass concentration inside the smoke exposure box (8) is stable within a preset range.

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