A cross-chain management system and method for blockchain

Abstract

This invention provides a cross-chain management system and method for blockchain, including a scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallel processing, involving gateways, relay chains, and sharding structures. The system connects heterogeneous chains and the relay chain through gateways and communicates using a unified relay data format. The system also standardizes the representation of cross-chain requests based on cross-chain operation dependencies, constructs a functionally decoupled component library, and achieves adaptive configuration. Furthermore, the system employs transaction-type-oriented sharding rules, improves transaction processing efficiency through a dynamic cross-chain sharding mechanism, and allocates processing for different types of cross-chain transactions. This invention can achieve high efficiency and flexibility in cross-chain operations, and improve the efficiency and security of communication between heterogeneous chains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and more specifically, to a cross-chain management system and method for blockchain. Background Technology

[0002] Existing blockchain technologies face numerous challenges in handling cross-chain transactions, particularly regarding interoperability, transaction efficiency, and security between heterogeneous chains. As blockchain applications proliferate, the need for interaction between different blockchain platforms also increases. However, due to differences in architecture, consensus mechanisms, and data formats among these platforms, achieving seamless connectivity and data exchange becomes complex. Furthermore, as blockchain networks expand, the ability to handle large volumes of cross-chain transactions becomes a key performance indicator. Existing cross-chain solutions often lack flexibility and scalability, making it difficult to adapt to constantly changing network environments and business needs.

[0003] In implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors discovered that the prior art has at least the following problems or defects: low efficiency of cross-chain transactions, lack of sharding mechanism to optimize different transaction types, and lack of unified data format and processing standards when communicating between heterogeneous chains. These problems limit the performance and application scope of cross-chain systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a cross-chain management system and method for blockchain.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, a cross-chain management system for blockchain is provided, comprising:

[0006] A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallelism: The "chain gateway + relay shard chain" architecture model includes a chain gateway, relay chain, and sharding structure. Heterogeneous chains and relay chains are connected in a unified manner through the chain gateway. The relay chain adopts multi-sharding. Communication between heterogeneous chains and relay chains adopts a unified relay data format.

[0007] Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented. Combined with the fine-grained element decomposition and formal expression of complex tasks, standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation.

[0008] By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions.

[0009] Multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model: Establish a sample library of heterogeneous chain transaction data formats and data features, use machine learning and data mining technology to actively identify and classify the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data, generate parsing strategy mapping for transactions with specific features by parsing fields and matching templates, and deploy it in the relay chain network in the form of an adaptation center to achieve dynamic adaptation and rapid access to diverse cross-chain transaction data.

[0010] The relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model: Blockchain network nodes are individually networked to form a beacon chain and multiple shard chains. The beacon chain provides services to the outside world, while the shard chains execute transaction processing in parallel. The beacon chain listens for transactions and forwards them to the transaction cache pool. The shard chains process transactions and achieve shard consensus according to the shard transaction processing rules. Shard blocks are confirmed and produced on the beacon chain. A cross-shard concurrent processing mechanism with shared storage state is adopted. Nodes share transaction cache, block verification, and storage services through a message bus. The underlying network module is shared. Shard nodes actively pull transactions and verify transactions through the shared transaction pool.

[0011] Furthermore, in the sharded parallel scalable adaptive new cross-chain architecture, the functionally decoupled relay chain modular component has built-in encryption component, identity authentication component, and regulatory component. When processing cross-chain transactions, the encryption component is selected to verify data according to the specific blockchain. When there is a regulatory requirement, the regulatory component is called to parse the stored data. The identity authentication component provides different identity authentication methods for cross-chain entities.

[0012] Furthermore, in the scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture with sharding parallelism, the implementation of the transaction-type-oriented sharding rules includes:

[0013] The number of network nodes and cross-chain transaction types are determined, and the performance consumption of different transaction types is analyzed to determine the number and size of shards. Nodes form shard chains according to the sharding configuration to process the corresponding type of cross-chain transactions. The relay chain dynamically adjusts the number and size of shards according to the network conditions. The sharding rules are implemented by the configuration center. The configuration center issues initialization and dynamic configuration to the nodes and monitors network information to generate dynamic configurations. The dynamic configuration generates threshold conditions that meet the requirements determined based on the shard chain performance and network conditions, and the thresholds change with the type of cross-chain transaction.

[0014] Furthermore, in the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the data feature sample library contains the structure, fields and feature information of transaction data from different chains. It is used to perform field parsing and template matching on the received cross-chain transaction data. The generated parsing strategy mapping includes operations such as data format conversion, field mapping, and data cleaning.

[0015] Furthermore, in the efficient cross-shard concurrent processing model of the relay chain, the workflow of the relay chain system in the beacon-shard architecture includes:

[0016] Beacon chain nodes listen for transaction messages and forward them to the transaction cache pool. Shard chain nodes process transactions within a specific range. The processed transaction data is packaged into shard blocks and sent to the beacon chain nodes for block confirmation. The beacon chain nodes ensure the validity and consistency of the blocks through a consensus algorithm and synchronously return the confirmation results to the shard chain.

[0017] Furthermore, in the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model for relay chains, the working steps of the cross-shard concurrency processing mechanism are as follows:

[0018] The beacon chain node distributes transactions to shard nodes. When a shard node discovers that the data dependent on a transaction is not in its shard, it searches for the source of the dependent data in the shared storage through the message bus, sends a state synchronization request to the beacon chain, executes the transaction after synchronization, packages the shard block, and sends it to the beacon chain for confirmation. During this process, other shards do not need to lock their state.

[0019] Furthermore, the unified relay data format includes communication source information, destination information, data unique identifier, cross-chain event information, cross-chain user information, signature information, and other data. Specific fields include From, To, Version, SN, Timestamp, Type, Payload, Proof, and Extra. Among them, From and To represent the identity IDs of the source chain and destination chain, Version represents the cross-chain protocol version, SN is the cross-chain transaction queue number, Timestamp is the cross-chain transaction timestamp, Type is the cross-chain request operation type, Payload is the cross-chain call content encoding, Proof is the cross-chain transaction validity proof, and Extra is other functional fields defined by the parachain.

[0020] Furthermore, in the scalable and adaptive new cross-chain architecture of sharding and parallelism, the relay chain node reads the configuration file to determine the shard chain it belongs to. Nodes assigned to the same shard chain ID form a shard chain sub-network. Nodes within a shard chain perform consensus, storage maintenance, and other tasks independently. Transactions are assigned and processed according to transaction type between different shard chains. Transactions that do not conform to the processing rules of this shard chain are forwarded to other shard chains.

[0021] Furthermore, in the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the model that actively identifies and classifies the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data using machine learning and data mining techniques is trained to automatically classify transaction data for subsequent dynamic adaptation processing; in the relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model, all network nodes access the transaction pool and other storage modules through the message bus, share storage content, and realize the correctness of state verification in cross-shard transactions.

[0022] In a second aspect of the invention, a cross-chain management method for blockchain is provided, comprising:

[0023] A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture that achieves parallel sharding includes a "chain gateway + relay shard chain" architecture model with a chain gateway, relay chain, and sharding structure, and a unified relay data format for communication between heterogeneous chains and relay chains.

[0024] Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented in a standardized manner. Standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation.

[0025] By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions.

[0026] The above embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: The cross-chain management system of the present invention, by adopting a sharded, parallel, scalable, and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture, can improve the processing efficiency of cross-chain transactions and the scalability of the system. Through the collaborative work of the chain gateway and the relay chain, the system can achieve unified connection and communication between heterogeneous chains and the relay chain, reducing the complexity of cross-chain transactions. Furthermore, the system normalizes the representation of cross-chain requests based on cross-chain operation execution dependencies and constructs a functionally decoupled component library, enabling adaptive configuration of cross-chain components and enhancing the system's flexibility and adaptability.

[0027] By employing transaction-type-based sharding rules and a cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism, this invention effectively improves transaction processing efficiency and optimizes performance based on the different types of cross-chain transactions. This mechanism not only increases the processing speed of cross-chain transactions but also decouples transaction types to form a universal cross-chain transaction standard, thereby enhancing system stability and reliability. Simultaneously, the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model utilizes machine learning and data mining techniques to proactively identify and classify diverse cross-chain transaction data characteristics, enabling rapid access and processing of multi-source cross-chain transactions and further enhancing the system's intelligence level. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings by way of example and not limitation, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-chain management system for blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the configuration center according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a data format provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The principles and spirit of the invention will now be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can be specifically implemented in the following forms: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0034] It should be noted that the number of any elements in the accompanying drawings is for illustrative purposes only and not as a limitation, and any naming is for distinction only and has no limiting meaning.

[0035] The following is for reference. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-chain management system for blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a cross-chain management system for blockchain includes:

[0036] A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallelism: including a sharded architecture model of sharded shards, a sharded structure of sharded shards, a sharded ...

[0037] Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented. Combined with the fine-grained element decomposition and formal expression of complex tasks, standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation.

[0038] By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions.

[0039] Multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model: Establish a sample library of heterogeneous chain transaction data formats and data features, use machine learning and data mining technology to actively identify and classify the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data, generate parsing strategy mapping for transactions with specific features by parsing fields and matching templates, and deploy it in the relay chain network in the form of an adaptation center to achieve dynamic adaptation and rapid access to diverse cross-chain transaction data.

[0040] The relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model: Blockchain network nodes are individually networked to form a beacon chain and multiple shard chains. The beacon chain provides services to the outside world, while the shard chains execute transaction processing in parallel. The beacon chain listens for transactions and forwards them to a transaction cache pool. The shard chains process transactions and achieve shard consensus according to shard transaction processing rules. Shard blocks are confirmed and generated on the beacon chain. A cross-shard concurrent processing mechanism with shared storage state is adopted. Nodes share services such as transaction cache, block verification, and storage through a message bus. The underlying network module is shared. Shard nodes actively pull transactions and verify transactions through a shared transaction pool.

[0041] It should be noted that this implementation relates to a cross-chain management system for blockchain, which includes a scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallel processing. This architecture consists of gateways, relay chains, and a sharding structure, and is referred to as the gateway + relay sharding architecture model. Here, gateways refer to nodes connecting different blockchain networks; they act as bridges, enabling heterogeneous chains (i.e., blockchains with different structures and protocols) to communicate with the relay chain. The relay chain is a central chain responsible for coordinating and managing cross-chain transactions, employing multi-sharding to improve processing capacity.

[0042] Specifically, in this architecture, communication between heterogeneous chains and the relay chain follows a unified relay data format. This means that regardless of the native data format of the heterogeneous chains, they are converted into a standardized data format when communicating with the relay chain to ensure information consistency and accuracy. Furthermore, the relay chain employs multi-shard partitioning, meaning it is divided into multiple shard chains, each responsible for handling specific types of cross-chain transactions. This improves the overall system's processing efficiency and scalability.

[0043] Preferably, to further refine the implementation of this architecture, we can set specific parameters and concepts. For example, the gateway can dynamically adjust its connection strategy based on the frequency and type of cross-chain transactions, while the number of shards in the relay chain can be dynamically adjusted based on the network load.

[0044] Furthermore, in practical applications, transactions can be assigned to different shards for processing based on their urgency and complexity. Additionally, smart contracts can be used to automatically manage the transaction allocation between these shards, further improving the system's automation and efficiency.

[0045] In some embodiments, in a sharded parallel scalable adaptive novel cross-chain architecture, the functionally decoupled relay chain modular component has built-in encryption components, identity authentication components, and regulatory components. When processing cross-chain transactions, the encryption component is selected to verify data according to a specific blockchain. When there is a regulatory requirement, the regulatory component is called to parse and store data. The identity authentication component provides different identity authentication methods for cross-chain entities.

[0046] It should be noted that this implementation describes a scalable, adaptive, novel cross-chain architecture with sharded parallelism, where the functionally decoupled relay chain modular components incorporate cryptographic, authentication, and regulatory components. These components are designed to provide security, compliance, and authentication when processing cross-chain transactions. Here, functional decoupling means that each component has a clearly defined responsibility and can operate independently of other components, thereby improving the system's flexibility and maintainability.

[0047] Specifically, the cryptographic component within the relay chain modular components is responsible for verifying the data integrity and origin of cross-chain transactions, ensuring that transactions are not tampered with during transmission. The identity authentication component is used to confirm the identities of the entities participating in the transaction, guaranteeing the legality of the transaction. The regulatory component is invoked when there are regulatory requirements to parse and store data to meet the requirements of regulatory agencies. These components can be configured and selected according to specific blockchain characteristics and needs. For example, the cryptographic component can support multiple encryption algorithms to adapt to the security requirements of different blockchains.

[0048] Preferably, to further refine the implementation of these components, we can set specific parameters and operating procedures for each component. For example, the encryption component can be configured to automatically select the encryption algorithm most suitable for the current transaction characteristics; the identity authentication component can integrate multiple authentication mechanisms, such as digital signatures and certificate verification, to adapt to the needs of different users; and the regulatory component can be designed to be modular so that its functions can be quickly adjusted according to different regulatory requirements.

[0049] Furthermore, these components can be automated through smart contracts, improving the processing efficiency and security of cross-chain transactions.

[0050] In some embodiments, in a scalable, adaptive, novel cross-chain architecture with sharding parallelism, the implementation of the transaction-type-oriented sharding rules includes:

[0051] The number of network nodes and cross-chain transaction types are determined, and the performance consumption of different transaction types is analyzed to determine the number and size of shards. Nodes form shard chains according to the sharding configuration to process the corresponding type of cross-chain transactions. The relay chain dynamically adjusts the number and size of shards according to the network conditions. The sharding rules are implemented by the configuration center. The configuration center issues initialization and dynamic configuration to the nodes and monitors network information to generate dynamic configurations. The dynamic configuration generates threshold conditions that meet the requirements determined based on the shard chain performance and network conditions, and the thresholds change with the type of cross-chain transaction.

[0052] It should be noted that this implementation involves the implementation of transaction type-oriented sharding rules. This includes determining the number of network nodes and cross-chain transaction types, and analyzing the performance consumption of different transaction types to determine the number and size of shards. Here, transaction type-oriented sharding rules refer to dividing the entire network into multiple shards based on the characteristics and processing requirements of cross-chain transactions. Each shard is responsible for processing a specific type of transaction, thereby improving the overall network processing efficiency and performance.

[0053] Specifically, implementing sharding rules involves a detailed analysis of the number of network nodes and the types of cross-chain transactions. For example, the number of shards can be determined based on the computing power, storage capacity, and network bandwidth of the nodes in the network. Simultaneously, by analyzing the performance consumption of different transaction types, the size of each shard can be determined to ensure that each shard can effectively handle its assigned transaction type. These parameters can be dynamically adjusted based on the actual network operation and transaction processing needs.

[0054] Preferably, to further refine the implementation steps of the sharding rules, intelligent algorithms can be introduced to dynamically adjust the number and size of shards. For example, machine learning algorithms can be used to predict the distribution of transaction types and performance consumption based on historical data, thereby automatically adjusting the sharding configuration.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown. Furthermore, the sharding rules are implemented through a configuration center, which is responsible for issuing initialization and dynamic configurations to nodes and monitoring network information to generate dynamic configurations. These dynamic configurations can be adjusted based on threshold conditions determined by sharding chain performance, network conditions, etc., and the thresholds can vary depending on the type of cross-chain transaction to adapt to the real-time needs of the network.

[0056] In some embodiments, in the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the data feature sample library contains the structure, fields and feature information of transaction data from different chains. It is used to perform field parsing and template matching on the received cross-chain transaction data. The generated parsing strategy mapping includes operations such as data format conversion, field mapping, and data cleaning.

[0057] It should be noted that this implementation describes the application of a data feature sample library in a multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model. The data feature sample library contains the structure, fields, and feature information of transaction data from different chains. This information is used to perform field parsing and template matching on the received cross-chain transaction data. The generated parsing strategy mapping includes operations such as data format conversion, field mapping, and data cleaning. Here, the data feature sample library refers to a database that stores samples and features of transaction data from various blockchains, enabling the system to identify and process transactions from different blockchains.

[0058] Specifically, the data structure, fields, and feature information in the data feature sample library can include key information such as transaction type, amount, timestamp, and participant addresses. The system can use this information to parse cross-chain transaction data, identify the source and target chains of the transaction, and the specific content of the transaction. Parsing strategy mapping refers to converting the transaction data format of the source chain into a format that the target chain can recognize, mapping the fields of the source chain to the corresponding fields of the target chain, and performing necessary data cleaning to ensure data accuracy and consistency. These parameters can be customized according to different blockchain characteristics and transaction types.

[0059] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, automated tools can be introduced to maintain and update the data feature sample library. For example, machine learning algorithms can be used to analyze new transaction patterns and automatically update the feature information in the sample library. Furthermore, an intelligent matching system can be designed that can automatically select the most suitable parsing strategy based on the characteristics of the transaction data, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of cross-chain transaction processing.

[0060] Furthermore, as an alternative, one could consider using a blockchain analytics platform to help identify and classify transaction data, or developing a decentralized cross-chain transaction data exchange protocol to promote interoperability between different blockchains.

[0061] In some embodiments, in the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model of the relay chain, the workflow of the relay chain system of the beacon-shard architecture includes:

[0062] Beacon chain nodes listen for transaction messages and forward them to the transaction cache pool. Shard chain nodes process transactions within a specific range. The processed transaction data is packaged into shard blocks and sent to the beacon chain nodes for block confirmation. The beacon chain nodes ensure the validity and consistency of the blocks through a consensus algorithm and synchronously return the confirmation results to the shard chain.

[0063] It should be noted that this implementation describes the workflow of the beacon-shard architecture in the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model of the relay chain. Beacon chain nodes are responsible for listening to transaction messages and forwarding them to the transaction cache pool. Shard chain nodes process transactions within a specific range, and the processed transaction data is packaged into shard blocks and sent to the beacon chain nodes for block confirmation. Here, the beacon chain refers to a centralized chain that coordinates the activities of the entire network, while a shard chain refers to a chain branched off from the beacon chain that is responsible for processing specific transactions.

[0064] Specifically, the process by which beacon chain nodes listen for transaction messages and forward them to the transaction buffer pool can include setting listening parameters, such as transaction frequency and transaction type, as well as defining the size and structure of the transaction buffer pool. Specific parameters for shard chain nodes to process a specific range of transactions can include the shard size, the transaction processing algorithm, and the consensus mechanism of the shard chain. These parameters can be adjusted according to network load and transaction characteristics to optimize transaction processing efficiency and network scalability.

[0065] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, smart contracts can be introduced to automate the interaction between beacon chain nodes and shard chain nodes. For example, smart contracts can automatically verify the validity of transactions and direct them to the correct shard chain.

[0066] Furthermore, a dynamic sharding algorithm can be designed to dynamically adjust the number and size of shards based on real-time network conditions and transaction load to maintain efficient network operation. As for alternatives, different consensus mechanisms, such as Proof-of-Authority (PoA) or Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS), can be considered to adapt to different network environments and security requirements.

[0067] In some embodiments, in the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model of the relay chain, the working steps of the cross-shard concurrency processing mechanism are as follows:

[0068] The beacon chain node distributes transactions to shard nodes. When a shard node discovers that the data dependent on a transaction is not in its shard, it searches for the source of the dependent data in the shared storage through the message bus, sends a state synchronization request to the beacon chain, executes the transaction after synchronization, packages the shard block, and sends it to the beacon chain for confirmation. During this process, other shards do not need to lock their state.

[0069] It should be noted that this implementation describes the working steps of the cross-shard concurrent processing mechanism. In this mechanism, beacon chain nodes distribute transactions to shard nodes. If a shard node finds that the data a transaction depends on is not in its shard, it will search for the source of the dependent data in shared storage through the message bus and send a state synchronization request to the beacon chain. After synchronization, the transaction is executed, and the shard block is packaged and sent to the beacon chain for confirmation. Here, the message bus refers to a communication framework that allows different nodes to exchange information and data.

[0070] Specifically, the message bus in the cross-shard concurrency processing mechanism can be designed as a high-throughput communication system that supports multiple data transmission protocols to ensure data synchronization and transaction execution between different shard nodes. Shared storage refers to a distributed database or file system that stores data accessible to all shard nodes. State synchronization requests are requests sent by shard nodes to the beacon chain when they need data from other shards, ensuring data consistency before transaction execution. These parameters can be adjusted based on network size and transaction complexity to optimize performance and response time.

[0071] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, a priority system can be introduced to manage the execution order of cross-shard transactions. This system can allocate priorities based on the urgency of the transactions and their demand for system resources.

[0072] Furthermore, a fault recovery mechanism can be designed so that the Beacon Chain can reallocate transactions to other shard nodes when a shard node is unable to process them. As for alternatives, different data synchronization protocols, such as the Gossip protocol, can be considered to improve the efficiency and reliability of data synchronization. The use of different consensus algorithms, such as the Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) algorithm, can also be explored to enhance the system's security and resistance to attacks.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown. In some embodiments, the unified relay data format includes communication source information, destination information, data unique identifier, cross-chain event information, cross-chain user information, signature information, etc. Specific fields include From, To, Version, SN, Timestamp, Type, Payload, Proof, and Extra, where From and To represent the identity IDs of the source chain and destination chain, Version represents the cross-chain protocol version, SN is the cross-chain transaction queue number, Timestamp is the cross-chain transaction timestamp, Type is the cross-chain request operation type, Payload is the cross-chain call content encoding, Proof is the cross-chain transaction validity proof, and Extra is other functional fields defined by the parachain.

[0074] It should be noted that this implementation involves a unified relay data format, which includes data such as the source information, destination information, unique data identifier, cross-chain event information, cross-chain user information, and signature information. Here, the relay data format refers to the standardized data structure used when transmitting information between different blockchains, ensuring the consistency and identifiability of information during cross-chain communication.

[0075] Specifically, a unified relay data format can be achieved by defining a series of fields, such as From, To, Version, SN, Timestamp, Type, Payload, Proof, and Extra. These fields represent the source and destination chain identity IDs, cross-chain protocol version, cross-chain transaction queue number, cross-chain transaction timestamp, cross-chain request operation type, cross-chain call content encoding, cross-chain transaction validity proof, and other functional fields defined by parachains, respectively. In practical applications, the specific parameter settings for each field need to be determined based on the specific needs and security requirements of cross-chain transactions to ensure data integrity and security.

[0076] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, specific data types and length limits can be set for each field. For example, the From and To fields can be fixed-length strings or addresses, the Version field can be a number or an enumeration type to identify the protocol version, the Timestamp field can be a timestamp accurate to milliseconds or microseconds to ensure time accuracy, the Type field can be an enumeration or string to describe the type of transaction, the Payload field can be a serialized object or JSON string containing detailed transaction information, the Proof field can be a digital signature or hash value to verify the legitimacy of the transaction, and the Extra field can be an optional field to store additional information or metadata.

[0077] Furthermore, regarding alternatives, different data serialization formats, such as Protocol Buffers or XML, could be considered to adapt to different system and network environments. Additionally, encryption measures, such as end-to-end encryption, could be introduced to enhance the security of cross-chain communication.

[0078] In some embodiments, in the scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture of sharded parallelism, the relay chain node reads the configuration file to determine the shard chain it belongs to. Nodes assigned to the same shard chain ID form a shard chain sub-network. Nodes within a shard chain perform consensus, storage maintenance, and other tasks independently. Transactions are assigned and processed according to transaction type between different shard chains. Transactions that do not conform to the processing rules of this shard chain are forwarded to other shard chains.

[0079] It should be noted that this implementation describes how relay chain nodes determine their shard chain based on configuration files and form a shard chain sub-network. In this process, nodes assigned the same shard chain ID form a sub-network, and these nodes independently perform consensus and storage maintenance tasks within the shard chain. Here, a shard chain sub-network refers to a network composed of nodes with the same shard chain ID, which jointly handle transactions assigned to that shard.

[0080] Specifically, relay chain nodes determine which shard chain they belong to by reading a configuration file. The configuration file contains the node's shard chain ID and other relevant parameters, such as the node's role, responsibilities, and communication protocol. These parameters can be set according to the network's size and transaction processing needs. The consensus mechanism for nodes within a shard chain can be Proof-of-Work (PoW), Proof-of-Stake (PoS), or other suitable consensus algorithms to ensure network consistency and security.

[0081] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, automated tools can be introduced to manage the distribution and updates of configuration files. For example, a centralized configuration management system can be used, which is responsible for distributing the latest configuration files to all nodes and ensuring that all nodes are synchronized to the same state.

[0082] Furthermore, a monitoring system can be designed to track the performance and health of the sharded chains in real time, allowing for dynamic adjustments as needed. As an alternative, decentralized configuration management methods, such as using the blockchain itself to store and manage configuration files, can be considered to improve system transparency and tamper resistance. The use of smart contracts can also be explored to automate sharded chain management and maintenance tasks, reducing human intervention and improving efficiency.

[0083] In some embodiments, in the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the model that uses machine learning and data mining techniques to actively identify and classify the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data is trained to automatically classify transaction data for subsequent dynamic adaptation processing; in the relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model, all network nodes access the transaction pool and other storage modules through the message bus, share storage content, and realize the correctness of state verification in cross-shard transactions.

[0084] It should be noted that this implementation describes the process of actively identifying and classifying the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data using machine learning and data mining techniques in a multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model. This model achieves automatic classification of transaction data through training for subsequent dynamic adaptation processing. Here, machine learning refers to a technique that learns from data through algorithms and makes predictions or decisions, while data mining refers to the process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data.

[0085] Specifically, machine learning and data mining techniques can be applied to build a model that can automatically identify and classify features of cross-chain transaction data. This includes setting up a training dataset, selecting an appropriate machine learning algorithm (such as a decision tree, neural network, or support vector machine), and determining metrics for evaluating model performance (such as accuracy, recall, and F1 score). Furthermore, data preprocessing steps, such as data cleaning, feature extraction, and feature selection, can be included to improve the model's accuracy and efficiency.

[0086] Preferably, to further refine the operational steps, a continuous learning mechanism can be introduced, enabling the model to be continuously updated and optimized as new data is added. For example, an online learning system can be set up that can receive new cross-chain transaction data in real time and dynamically adjust the classification model.

[0087] Furthermore, a feedback loop can be designed where users or system administrators can validate and provide feedback on the model's classification results, thereby further training and optimizing the model. As for alternatives, different machine learning frameworks and libraries, such as TensorFlow or PyTorch, can be considered to adapt to different computing environments and performance requirements. Federated learning or distributed learning methods can also be explored to protect data privacy and improve the model's generalization ability.

[0088] The various embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The cross-chain management system described in this invention can provide an efficient, flexible, and secure cross-chain transaction processing mechanism. Through a scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallelism, the system can adapt to the needs of different blockchain networks and achieve efficient communication between heterogeneous chains and relay chains. The functionally decoupled modular components of the relay chain have built-in encryption, identity authentication, and supervision components, which can select appropriate components for data verification and supervision according to the characteristics of different blockchains, thereby enhancing the security and compliance of cross-chain transactions. The transaction-type-oriented sharding rules can dynamically adjust the number and size of shards according to the number of network nodes and the type of cross-chain transaction, optimizing resource allocation and improving system performance.

[0089] Furthermore, the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, by establishing a data feature sample library, can proactively identify and classify diverse cross-chain transaction data features, enabling rapid adaptation and access for multi-source cross-chain transactions. The relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model, through the collaborative work of the beacon chain and shard chains, can achieve parallel transaction processing, improving transaction processing speed while maintaining system stability and consistency. A unified relay data format and cross-shard concurrent processing mechanism ensure the consistency and correctness of cross-chain transactions, reducing the risk of transaction conflicts and errors, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of the entire cross-chain system.

[0090] One embodiment of a cross-chain management system method for blockchain includes:

[0091] A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture that achieves parallel sharding includes a gateway, a relay chain, a gateway + relay sharded chain architecture model with sharding structure, and a unified relay data format for communication between heterogeneous chains and the relay chain.

[0092] Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented in a standardized manner. Standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation.

[0093] By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions.

[0094] It is understandable that the steps described in this method for cross-chain management systems for blockchain correspond to the various modules in a cross-chain management system for blockchain. Therefore, the modules, features, and beneficial effects described above for a cross-chain management system for blockchain also apply to the method for cross-chain management systems for blockchain and the operations contained therein, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] Furthermore, the storage medium in the embodiments of this application stores program instructions capable of implementing all the above methods. These program instructions can be stored in the storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks, or terminal devices such as computers, servers, mobile phones, and tablets.

[0096] The above description is merely a selection of preferred embodiments of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention as described in the embodiments is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-chain management system for blockchain, characterized in that, It includes the following components: A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallelism: The "gateway + relay shard chain" architecture model includes a gateway, a relay chain, and a sharding structure. The gateway is a node that connects different blockchain networks and acts as a bridge, enabling heterogeneous chains to communicate with the relay chain. The relay chain is a central chain that coordinates and manages cross-chain transactions. It uses multi-sharding to improve processing capacity. Heterogeneous chains and the relay chain are connected through the gateway. The relay chain uses multi-sharding, and communication between heterogeneous chains and the relay chain uses a unified relay data format. Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented. Combined with the fine-grained element decomposition and formal expression of complex tasks, standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation. By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions. Multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model: Establish a sample library of heterogeneous chain transaction data formats and data features, use machine learning and data mining technology to actively identify and classify the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data, generate parsing strategy mapping for transactions with specific features by parsing fields and matching templates, and deploy it in the relay chain network in the form of an adaptation center to achieve dynamic adaptation and rapid access to diverse cross-chain transaction data. Relay Chain Cross-Shard Concurrent High-Efficiency Processing Model: Blockchain network nodes are individually networked to form a beacon chain and multiple shard chains. The beacon chain provides services to the outside world, while the shard chains execute transaction processing in parallel. The beacon chain listens for transactions and forwards them to the transaction cache pool. The shard chain processes transactions and achieves shard consensus according to the shard transaction processing rules. Shard blocks are confirmed and produced on the beacon chain. A cross-shard concurrent processing mechanism with shared storage state is adopted. Nodes share transaction cache, block verification, and storage services through the message bus. The underlying network module is shared. Shard nodes actively pull transactions and verify transactions through the shared transaction pool. In the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model of relay chains, the workflow of the relay chain system with a beacon-shard architecture includes: Beacon chain nodes listen for transaction messages and forward them to the transaction cache pool. Shard chain nodes process transactions within a specific range. The processed transaction data is packaged into shard blocks and sent to the beacon chain nodes for block confirmation. The beacon chain nodes use a consensus algorithm to ensure the validity and consistency of the blocks and synchronously return the confirmation results to the shard chain. In the efficient cross-shard concurrency processing model of relay chains, the working steps of the cross-shard concurrency processing mechanism are as follows: The beacon chain node distributes transactions to shard nodes. When a shard node discovers that the data dependent on a transaction is not in its shard, it searches for the source of the dependent data in the shared storage through the message bus, sends a state synchronization request to the beacon chain, executes the transaction after synchronization, packages the shard block, and sends it to the beacon chain for confirmation. During this process, other shards do not need to lock their state.

2. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the scalable and adaptive new cross-chain architecture with sharding and parallelism, the functionally decoupled relay chain modular component has built-in encryption component, identity authentication component, and regulatory component. When processing cross-chain transactions, the encryption component is selected to verify data according to the specific blockchain. When there is a regulatory requirement, the regulatory component is called to parse and store data. The identity authentication component provides different identity authentication methods for cross-chain entities.

3. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the scalable and adaptive novel cross-chain architecture with sharding parallelism, the implementation of the transaction-type-oriented sharding rules includes: The number of network nodes and cross-chain transaction types are determined. The performance consumption of different transaction types is analyzed to determine the number and size of shards. Nodes form shard chains according to the sharding configuration to process the corresponding type of cross-chain transactions. The relay chain dynamically adjusts the number and size of shards according to the network conditions. The sharding rules are implemented by the configuration center. The configuration center issues initialization and dynamic configuration to the nodes and monitors network information to generate dynamic configurations. The dynamic configuration generates threshold conditions that meet the shard chain performance and network conditions, and the thresholds change with the cross-chain transaction type.

4. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the data feature sample library contains the structure, fields and feature information of transaction data from different chains. It is used to perform field parsing and template matching on the received cross-chain transaction data. The generated parsing strategy mapping includes data format conversion, field mapping and data cleaning operations.

5. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unified relay data format includes communication source information, destination information, data unique identifier, cross-chain event information, cross-chain user information, and signature information data. Specific fields include From, To, Version, SN, Timestamp, Type, Payload, Proof, and Extra. Among them, From and To represent the identity IDs of the source chain and destination chain, Version represents the cross-chain protocol version, SN is the cross-chain transaction queue number, Timestamp is the cross-chain transaction timestamp, Type is the cross-chain request operation type, Payload is the cross-chain call content encoding, Proof is the cross-chain transaction validity proof, and Extra is other functional fields defined by the parachain.

6. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the scalable and adaptive new cross-chain architecture of sharding and parallelism, the relay chain node reads the configuration file to determine the shard chain it belongs to. Nodes assigned to the same shard chain ID form a shard chain sub-network. Nodes within a shard chain perform consensus and maintain storage tasks independently. Transactions are assigned and processed according to transaction type between different shard chains. Transactions that do not conform to the processing rules of this shard chain are forwarded to other shard chains.

7. A cross-chain management system for blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the multi-source cross-chain transaction dynamic adaptation and access model, the model that uses machine learning and data mining techniques to actively identify and classify the characteristics of diverse cross-chain transaction data is trained to automatically classify transaction data for subsequent dynamic adaptation processing; in the relay chain cross-shard concurrent high-efficiency processing model, all network nodes access the transaction pool storage module through the message bus, share storage content, and realize the correctness of state verification in cross-shard transactions.

8. A cross-chain management method for blockchain, employing the cross-chain management system for blockchain as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: A new scalable and adaptive cross-chain architecture that achieves parallel sharding includes a "chain gateway + relay shard chain" architecture model with a chain gateway, relay chain, and sharding structure, and a unified relay data format for communication between heterogeneous chains and relay chains. Based on the execution dependencies of cross-chain operations, cross-chain requests are standardized and represented in a standardized manner. Standardized functional decoupling components are constructed, and a cross-chain component library is established to achieve adaptive configuration of cross-chain components based on the principle of on-demand invocation. By adopting transaction type-oriented sharding rules, a general cross-chain transaction standard is formed through performance decoupling of different transaction types. The cross-chain dynamic sharding mechanism is used to build different types of shards to improve transaction processing efficiency and allocate processing of different types of cross-chain transactions.

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