Test device for verifying instantaneous damage safety of passenger cabin glass and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for verifying the instantaneous damage safety of passenger cabin glass and a test method thereof, and relates to the field of aircraft passenger cabin glass, and the test device comprises a first pressurization cavity, a second pressurization cavity and a damage control device, and one side of the first pressurization cavity is provided with a test piece installation port; the test piece mounting port is communicated with the second booster cavity, and a passenger cabin glass test piece is hermetically connected to the test piece mounting port; a through hole is formed in the side, away from the first pressurizing cavity, of the second pressurizing cavity and connected with tempered glass in a sealed mode. A plurality of first cavity function holes are formed in the periphery of the first pressurization cavity, a plurality of second cavity function holes are formed in the periphery of the second pressurization cavity, pressurization and / or pressure relief and / or pressure monitoring in the corresponding cavities are / is achieved, and the damage control equipment is located on the outer side of the tempered glass and crushes the tempered glass. The effects of simulating the instantaneous damage working condition of the passenger cabin glass and verifying the residual strength safety of the passenger cabin glass on the premise of considering the operation safety are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cabin glass of aircraft, and in particular to a test device and a test method for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass. Background Art

[0002] In the aviation field, passenger safety is an issue that cannot be ignored, and cabin glass is an important protective and visual protection component in the passenger cabin, so its safety is particularly important. Aircraft cabin glass mainly withstands conventional factors such as aerodynamic pressure and temperature changes during flight. In some cases, the structural layer of the cabin glass will be instantly damaged. If the structural layer close to the passengers cannot withstand the impact force generated after the instantaneous damage, it may cause harm to the passengers. Therefore, aircraft cabin glass usually has a breakage safety design requirement, that is, when the structural layer is suddenly damaged, the remaining structure of the cabin glass should be sufficient to support the pressure load in the cabin without causing safety problems such as bursting and falling off.

[0003] Therefore, during the design process of cabin glass, it is necessary to verify the safety of the cabin glass structure after instantaneous breakage through testing. Since cabin glass is usually made of organic glass, which has the property of non-fragmentation, that is, it is not easy to break into pieces after being broken, when using traditional breakage safety test equipment to carry out breakage safety tests, it is impossible to simulate the failure mode of instantaneous breakage of the structural layer while taking into account the safety of the test personnel. Therefore, a new test device is urgently needed to verify the safety of cabin glass under instantaneous breakage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device for verifying the safety of instantaneous breakage of cabin glass, which can simulate the working condition of instantaneous breakage of cabin glass under the premise of taking into account the operational safety, and verify the safety of its residual strength.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass comprises a first pressurization cavity, a second pressurization cavity and a damage control device, wherein a test piece installation port is provided on one side of the first pressurization cavity, the test piece installation port is connected to the second pressurization cavity, and the test piece installation port is sealed and connected to the cabin glass test piece; a through hole is provided on the side of the second pressurization cavity away from the first pressurization cavity and is sealed and connected to the tempered glass; a plurality of first cavity function holes are provided on the periphery of the first pressurization cavity, and a plurality of second cavity function holes are provided on the periphery of the second pressurization cavity, respectively realizing pressurization and / or pressure relief and / or pressure monitoring inside the corresponding cavity, and the damage control device is located on the outside of the tempered glass and shatters the tempered glass.

[0006] Furthermore, the damage control device includes a cylinder, and an output end of the cylinder is aligned with the tempered glass.

[0007] Furthermore, a sharp impact head is provided at the output end of the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the damage control device is installed on a bracket, and the bracket is connected to the outside of the second boost chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the first pressurizing cavity includes an opening away from one end of the first pressurizing cavity and a bottom plate at the opening position, and the inner side of the bottom plate is sealed and connected to the first pressurizing cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the cabin glass test piece is connected to the test piece mounting port via a fastener.

[0011] Furthermore, the test piece installation port is sealed by the cabin glass test piece body, or a sealant layer is provided between the two to achieve sealing.

[0012] Furthermore, the second pressurized cavity includes an opening away from one end of the first pressurized cavity and a cover plate connected to the opening, the inner side of the cover plate is sealed and connected to the second pressurized cavity, and a through hole is provided on the cover plate and is sealed and connected to the tempered glass.

[0013] A test method for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass comprises the following steps: Treating the cabin glass test piece, including prefabricating the damage of its structural layer and keeping the structure under test intact, and then installing it in the test piece installation port of the first pressurized cavity; The first pressurized cavity and the second pressurized cavity are gradually pressurized to make their internal pressure reach P1=△Pt+△Pa, where △Pt is the maximum setting value of the aircraft pressure relief valve and △Pa is the aircraft cabin pneumatic negative pressure; Control the damage control device to break the tempered glass, realize the instantaneous leakage of the pressure in the second pressurized cavity, and keep the pressure in the first pressurized cavity unchanged, so as to simulate the impact of the remaining structure of the cabin glass test piece at the moment of damage, and realize the instantaneous damage safety test assessment; Perform pressure compensation inside the first booster chamber to make its internal pressure reach P2 = n × (△Pt + △Pa), where n is the load amplification factor, which is determined according to the material of the windshield; and start to maintain pressure, and the pressure maintenance time is determined according to the flight time of the verification product; The pressure inside the first pressurized chamber is monitored, and the state of the test piece and the pressure maintenance are analyzed and confirmed after the test.

[0014] Furthermore, for inorganic glass, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for stretched organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for cast organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 4.0; for polycarbonate material, the load magnification factor is 4.0.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A first pressurization cavity, a second pressurization cavity and a damage control device are provided; a test piece installation port is provided on one side of the first pressurization cavity to connect the cabin glass test piece; the second pressurization cavity is connected to the tempered glass and the damage control device; internal pressurization, pressure relief or pressure monitoring is performed on the corresponding pressurization cavity through the first cavity functional hole and the second cavity functional hole; the damage control device is located on the outside of the tempered glass and shatters the tempered glass to achieve instantaneous leakage of pressure in the second pressurization cavity, while the pressure in the first pressurization cavity is maintained unchanged to simulate the impact of the remaining structure of the cabin glass test piece at the moment of breakage, thereby simulating the working condition of instantaneous breakage of the cabin glass while taking into account operational safety, and verifying the safety of its residual strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass.

[0017] In the figure, 1. first pressurized cavity; 1-1. first cavity functional hole; 1-2. test piece installation port; 2. second pressurized cavity; 2-1. second cavity functional hole; 3. bottom plate; 4. cover plate; 5. tempered glass; 6. bracket; 7. cylinder; 8. control circuit; 9. cabin glass test piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and this embodiment does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] A test device to verify the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first pressurized cavity 1, a second pressurized cavity 2 and a damage control device. The first pressurized cavity 1 includes a test piece installation port 1-2 opened on one side and an opening on the other side. The test piece installation port 1-2 is connected to the second pressurized cavity 2. The test piece installation port 1-2 is sealed and connected to the cabin glass test piece 9. The opening position of the first pressurized cavity 1 is connected to the bottom plate 3, and the bottom plate 3 is sealed and connected to the pressurized cavity; the second pressurized cavity 2 is opened on the side away from the first pressurized cavity 1 and is sealed and connected to the tempered glass 5; Among them, the cabin glass test piece 9 can be connected to the test piece installation port 1-2 by means of fasteners, etc. The fasteners can be structures such as screws, and the sealing performance between the cabin glass test piece 9 and the test piece installation port 1-2 is achieved by the cabin glass test piece 9 body or by applying a sealant; similarly, the bottom plate 3 can also be locked at the bottom opening position of the first pressurization cavity 1 by fasteners such as screws to achieve the sealing of the first pressurization cavity 1; in this embodiment, a pressure plate is inserted inward from the position of the bottom plate 3, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the end plates of the first pressurization cavity 1 and the second pressurization cavity 2, and the two sides of the cabin glass test piece 9 are fixed by the pressure plate and the end plate of the first pressurization cavity 1, and finally the bottom plate 3 is installed; The second pressurization cavity 2 includes an opening away from one end of the first pressurization cavity 1 and a cover plate 4 connected to the opening. The inner side of the cover plate 4 is sealed and connected to the second pressurization cavity 2 by fasteners such as screws. A through hole is provided on the cover plate 4 and the tempered glass 5 is sealed and connected by means of sealant bonding, etc., so that the second pressurization cavity 2 and the first pressurization cavity 1 are sealed and assembled to form an external pressurization cavity of the cabin glass test piece 9, and the airtightness of the external pressurization cavity is achieved.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the first boosting cavity 1 is provided with a plurality of first cavity function holes 1-1 on its periphery, and the second boosting cavity 2 is provided with a plurality of second cavity function holes 2-1 on its periphery, which respectively realize the boosting, pressure relief and pressure monitoring inside the corresponding cavities. The damage control device is located outside the tempered glass 5 and breaks the tempered glass 5; specifically, the damage control device includes a cylinder 7, the output end of the cylinder 7 faces the tempered glass 5, and the output end of the cylinder 7 can be connected to a sharp impact head such as a drill bit; In this embodiment, the damage control device is installed on the bracket 6, and the bracket 6 is connected to the outside of one side (outside the cover plate 4) of the test piece installation port 1-2 of the second booster chamber 2 by welding or fastener assembly. The damage control device can be detachably connected to the bracket 6 by screws to facilitate adjustment of the distance between the cylinder 7 and the tempered glass 5. The cylinder 7 is connected to the control line 8, and is connected to the control system through the control line to control the instantaneous impact and smashing of the drill or other sharp metal in the cylinder 7 with the tempered glass 5; its control line 8 can be appropriately extended to ensure the safety of the operator.

[0021] The instantaneous breakage of the tempered glass 5 can achieve instantaneous pressure relief in the second pressurized cavity 2, so the structural layer of the cabin glass test piece 9 can be prefabricated with damage in advance. By simulating the instantaneous pressure relief in this way, the impact force of the pressure in the first pressurized cavity 1 that the cabin glass test piece 9 is subjected to when instantaneous breakage occurs can be realized, thereby achieving the purpose of the cabin glass instantaneous breakage safety test.

[0022] This embodiment also discloses a test method for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass, comprising the following steps: Step S1, processing the cabin glass test piece 9, including prefabricating the damage of its structural layer and keeping the structure under test intact, and then installing it in the test piece installation port 1-2 of the first booster cavity 1 according to actual installation requirements; Step S2, gradually pressurizing the first pressurized cavity 1 and the second pressurized cavity 2 to make their internal pressure reach P1=△Pt+△Pa, where △Pt is the maximum setting value of the aircraft pressure relief valve, and △Pa is the aircraft cabin pneumatic negative pressure. This pressure tolerance needs to be a positive value to ensure complete assessment; Step S3, controlling the damage control device to break the tempered glass 5, realizing instantaneous leakage of the pressure in the second pressurized cavity 2, and maintaining the pressure in the first pressurized cavity 1 unchanged, so as to simulate the impact of the remaining structure of the cabin glass test piece 9 at the moment of damage, and realize the instantaneous damage safety test assessment; Step S4, pressure compensation is performed inside the first pressurized cavity 1, so that the internal pressure reaches P2 = n × (△Pt + △Pa); and pressure maintenance is started, and the pressure maintenance time is determined according to the flight time of the verification product; where n is the load magnification factor, which is determined according to the material of the windshield. The commonly used magnification factors include: For inorganic glass, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for stretched organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for cast organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 4.0; for polycarbonate material, the load magnification factor is 4.0; Step S5, monitoring the pressure inside the first pressurized chamber 1, analyzing and confirming the state of the test piece and the pressure maintenance after the test, and determining whether the test result meets the requirements.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass, characterized by: The invention comprises a first pressurizing chamber (1), a second pressurizing chamber (2) and a damage control device. A test piece installation port (1-2) is provided on one side of the first pressurizing chamber (1), the test piece installation port (1-2) is connected to the second pressurizing chamber (2), and the test piece installation port (1-2) is sealed and connected to a cabin glass test piece (9). A through hole is provided on a side of the second pressurizing chamber (2) away from the first pressurizing chamber (1) and is sealed and connected to a tempered glass (5). A plurality of first cavity function holes (1-1) are provided on the periphery of the first pressurizing chamber (1), and a plurality of second cavity function holes (2-1) are provided on the periphery of the second pressurizing chamber (2), respectively realizing pressurization and / or pressure relief and / or pressure monitoring inside the corresponding cavities. The damage control device is located outside the tempered glass (5) and shatters the tempered glass (5).

2. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damage control device comprises a cylinder (7), wherein an output end of the cylinder (7) is aligned with the tempered glass (5).

3. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the cylinder (7) is provided with a sharp impact head.

4. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The damage control device is mounted on a bracket (6), and the bracket (6) is connected to the outside of the second boost chamber (2).

5. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressurized cavity (1) comprises an opening away from one end of the first pressurized cavity (1) and a bottom plate (3) at the opening position, and the inner side of the bottom plate (3) is sealed and connected to the first pressurized cavity (1).

6. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin glass test piece (9) is connected to the test piece installation port (1-2) via a fastener.

7. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The test piece installation port (1-2) is sealed by the cabin glass test piece (9) body, or a sealant layer is provided between the two to achieve sealing.

8. A test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The second pressurized cavity (2) comprises an opening at one end away from the first pressurized cavity (1) and a cover plate (4) connected to the opening; the inner side of the cover plate (4) is sealed to the second pressurized cavity (2); a through hole is provided on the cover plate (4) and is sealed to the tempered glass (5).

9. A test method based on the test device for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Processing the cabin glass test piece (9), including prefabricating damage to its structural layer and keeping the structure under test intact, and then installing it in the test piece installation port (1-2) of the first pressurized cavity (1); Gradually pressurizing the first pressurizing chamber (1) and the second pressurizing chamber (2) so that their internal pressure reaches P1=△Pt+△Pa, wherein △Pt is the maximum setting value of the aircraft pressure relief valve and △Pa is the pneumatic negative pressure of the aircraft cabin; Controlling the damage control device to break the tempered glass (5) to achieve instantaneous leakage of the pressure in the second pressurized chamber (2), while maintaining the pressure in the first pressurized chamber (1) unchanged, to simulate the impact of the remaining structure of the cabin glass test piece (9) at the moment of damage, thereby achieving an instantaneous damage safety test assessment; Performing pressure compensation inside the first boost chamber (1) so that its internal pressure reaches P2=n×(△Pt+△Pa), where n is a load amplification factor determined according to the material of the windshield; and starting to maintain pressure, the pressure maintaining time being determined according to the flight time of the verified product; The pressure inside the first pressurized chamber (1) is monitored, and after the test, the state of the test piece and the pressure maintenance are analyzed and confirmed.

10. A test method for verifying the instantaneous breakage safety of cabin glass according to claim 9, characterized in that: For inorganic glass, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for stretched organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 2.0; for cast organic glass material, the load magnification factor is 4.0; for polycarbonate material, the load magnification factor is 4.0.

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