An automatic site establishment planning method and system for different types of weather radars

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for automatic site construction planning of different types of weather radars, belonging to the field of meteorological radars. The method includes: obtaining the topographic information of the area where the radar is planned to be built and determining the parameters of the weather radar; performing grid processing on the area where the site is planned to be built and determining the radar position movement rules; counting the shielding rate in the area where the radar is located and screening the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions; counting the average annual precipitation at the grid point positions and obtaining the optimal radar site construction grid points; when networking weather radars, selecting multiple different types of weather radars for networking. The present invention sets the specific position and configuration type of the weather radar station as decision variables, sets the minimization of the radar shielding rate as a constraint condition, and combines the average annual precipitation data statistically by rain gauges, so as to realize the automatic construction of different types of weather radar stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of meteorological radars, and in particular to a method and system for automatically planning the establishment of different types of weather radar stations. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of meteorological monitoring and ensure the accuracy of meteorological forecasts, weather monitoring is achieved through weather radars. However, how to construct a denser monitoring network by reasonably planning the layout of radar stations, especially for areas with complex terrain, and how to reduce detection blind spots by reasonably planning radar stations are issues that need to be considered currently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a method and system for automatically planning the establishment of different types of weather radar stations, which solves the deficiencies existing in the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A method for automatically planning the establishment of different types of weather radar stations, the planning method includes:

[0005] Step 1: Obtain the terrain information of the area where the radar is planned to be installed, and determine the parameters of the weather radar;

[0006] Step 2: Perform grid processing on the area where the radar is planned to be installed, and determine the radar position movement rule;

[0007] Step 3: Statistically calculate the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and screen the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions;

[0008] Step 4: Statistically calculate the average annual precipitation at the grid point positions, and obtain the optimal radar installation grid points;

[0009] Step 5: When networking weather radars, select multiple different types of weather radars for networking.

[0010] The specific content of the said Step 1 includes the following:

[0011] Obtain the longitude and latitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is planned to be installed, perform grid processing on the installation area according to the longitude and latitude information, and calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data;

[0012] Determine the weather radar type, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R, and the theoretical maximum scanning range.

[0013] The specific content of the said Step 2 includes the following:

[0014] After obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the area where the radar is planned to be installed, perform grid processing on the area where the radar is planned to be installed. Each grid point represents the radar center, the distance between every two grid points is R, and the distance from the edge grid points to the boundary is R / 2;

[0015] Traverse each grid point within the grid - based range of the planned radar station area from one side to the other side in sequence to test the shielding situation of the radar scanning range at each grid point position.

[0016] The specific content of the third step is as follows:

[0017] When traversing each grid point, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar at this grid point through the obtained terrain data of the planned radar station area, and finally obtain the shielding situation at all grid points;

[0018] Screen all grid points according to the set first constraint condition, and retain the grid points that meet the first constraint condition.

[0019] The specific content of the fourth step is as follows:

[0020] Obtain the historical automatic weather station rain gauge data in the planned radar station area, count the precipitation data of the rain gauges at each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the average annual precipitation of each grid area in the grid - based area;

[0021] Add up the precipitation in the areas around each grid point, and use the result as the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of this grid point, and screen out the grid points that meet the first constraint condition from them;

[0022] Take the magnitude of the precipitation as the second constraint condition, sort the screened grid points according to the precipitation, and screen out the grid points with the highest precipitation as the optimal solution for the radar station construction.

[0023] The specific content of the fifth step is as follows:

[0024] Select the radar stations of the first type according to steps one to four;

[0025] Delete the selected radar stations of the first type in the planned radar station area. According to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second - type radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first - type radar, reset the grid point spacing in the second step, and then repeat steps one to four to select the remaining radar stations of the second type.

[0026] A system for automatic construction planning of different - type weather radars, the system includes a data acquisition module, a grid - based processing module, a first - constraint - condition screening module, a second - constraint - condition screening module, and a networking module;

[0027] The data acquisition module is configured to obtain the longitude and latitude information and terrain data of the planned radar station area, perform grid - based processing on the radar station area according to the longitude and latitude information, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data, and determine the weather radar type, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R, and the theoretical maximum scanning range;

[0028] The gridding processing module is configured to perform gridding processing on the area where the radar station is to be built after obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the area where the radar station is to be built. Each grid point represents the radar center, the distance between every two grid points is R, the distance from the edge grid point to the boundary is R / 2, and each grid point within the gridded range of the area where the radar station is to be built is traversed in sequence from one side to the other side to test the shielding situation of the radar scanning range at each grid point position;

[0029] The first constraint condition screening module is configured to count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located and screen the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions;

[0030] The second constraint condition screening module is configured to count the average annual precipitation at the grid point positions and obtain the optimal grid points for radar station construction;

[0031] The networking module is configured to select multiple different types of weather radars for networking when performing weather radar networking.

[0032] The first constraint condition screening module specifically includes the following:

[0033] When traversing each grid point, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar at this grid point through the obtained terrain data of the area where the radar station is to be built, and finally obtain the shielding situation at all grid points;

[0034] Screen all grid points according to the set first constraint condition, and retain the grid points that meet the first constraint condition.

[0035] The second constraint condition screening module specifically includes the following:

[0036] Obtain the historical automatic weather station rain gauge data of the area where the radar station is to be built, count the precipitation data of the rain gauges at each station, and then use spatial interpolation method to mark the average annual precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area;

[0037] Add up the precipitation in the areas around each grid point, and use the obtained result as the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of this grid point, and screen out the grid points that meet the first constraint condition from them;

[0038] Use the magnitude of the precipitation as the second constraint condition, and sort the screened grid points according to the precipitation, and screen out the grid point with the highest precipitation as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

[0039] The networking module specifically includes the following:

[0040] Select the first type of radar station site according to the content of the data acquisition module, the gridding processing module, the first constraint condition screening module and the second constraint condition screening module executed in sequence;

[0041] Delete the first type of radar sites after selecting the area where the station is to be built. According to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar, reset the grid spacing in the grid processing module, and then repeat the content of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint screening module, and the second constraint screening module to select the remaining second type of radar sites.

[0042] The present invention has the following advantages: A method and system for automatic site selection planning of different types of weather radars, which set the specific location and configuration type of the weather radar station as decision variables, set the minimization of the radar occlusion rate as a constraint condition, and at the same time combine the annual average precipitation data statistically by rain gauges, can realize the automatic construction of different types of weather radar stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the area where the weather radar station is to be built;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the gridification of the area where the station is to be built;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the grid positions traversed by the radar;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of weather radar occlusion;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the grid positions with an occlusion rate lower than 20%;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the precipitation distribution in the area where the station is to be built;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the annual average precipitation within the scanning range of the radar in the statistical black grid points;

[0051] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the annual average precipitation within the scanning range of each radar grid point;

[0052] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the optimal grid position for radar station construction;

[0053] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the site location for S-band radar station construction;

[0054] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the newly added grid points;

[0055] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the grid points where the X-band weather radar station is to be built;

[0056] Figure 14 Schematic diagram for selecting site groups for different types of weather radars. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings in this application is not intended to limit the protection scope of the claimed present application, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present application. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] The present invention focuses on weather radar stations as the research object, explores the site selection optimization strategy of weather radar stations based on fine geographical space segmentation. Under the condition of determining the number of different types of weather radars for building stations, considering the influence of obstacles in the actual environment on the radar signal coverage range, the specific location and its configuration type of the weather radar station are set as decision variables, and minimizing the radar occlusion rate is set as a constraint condition. At the same time, combining the annual average precipitation data statistically by rain gauges, a method for automatically planning the construction of different types of weather radars is proposed.

[0059] As Figure 1 shown, it specifically includes the following contents:

[0060] Step 1: Obtain information on the area where the weather radar is planned to be built: As Figure 2 shown, before the construction planning of the weather radar, it is necessary to obtain the longitude and latitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is planned to be built. After obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the construction area, it is convenient for grid processing of the construction area. After obtaining the terrain data of the construction area, it is convenient for calculating the occlusion rate of the weather radar scanning range.

[0061] Step 2: Determine weather parameters: Determine the type of weather radar, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R and the theoretical maximum scanning range. For example, the maximum scanning range of the S-band weather radar can reach 460 km, the maximum scanning range of the C-band weather radar can reach 400 km, and the maximum scanning range of the X-band weather radar can reach 150 km.

[0062] Step 3: Grid the area where the station is planned to be built: As Figure 3As shown in the figure, after obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the planned station area, the planned station area is gridded. The maximum scanning radius of the weather radar is R, the distance between two black grid points is R, and the distance from the edge grid point to the boundary is R / 2. Here, the black grid point represents the radar center.

[0063] Step 4. Determine the radar position movement rule: To test the shielding situation of the scanning range of the radar at each grid point position in Step 3, formulate the radar movement rule as shown in the figure, and traverse each black grid point in turn. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the thick black arrow in the figure is the radar movement direction, and the black grid point is the radar center. Figure 4 The thick black arrow in the figure is the radar movement direction, and the black grid point is the radar center.

[0064] Step 5. Screen the grid points that meet the shielding constraint conditions: When traversing each grid point, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar at this grid point through the obtained terrain data of the planned station area. Here, the shielding rate threshold is set to 20% (which can be changed according to specific requirements), and only the black grid points with a shielding rate lower than 20% are retained as the first constraint condition. As shown in the figure, (a) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning area greater than 20%, (b) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning area less than 20%, and (c) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the non-shielding of the weather radar scanning area. As shown in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of only retaining the black grid points with a shielding rate lower than 20%. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, (a) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning area greater than 20%, (b) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning area less than 20%, and (c) represents the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the non-shielding of the weather radar scanning area. As shown in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of only retaining the black grid points with a shielding rate lower than 20%. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of only retaining the black grid points with a shielding rate lower than 20%.

[0065] Step 6. Statistically calculate the average annual precipitation in the grid area: Large precipitation is one of the important factors causing flood disasters. Research shows that the precipitation of heavy rain or rainstorm events is significantly positively correlated with the flood area, and abnormal precipitation has a positive effect on the flood area. In addition, the increasing trend of rainstorm flood disasters is also significantly correlated with the annual precipitation.

[0066] In order to maximize the advantages of the weather radar in preventing and reducing disasters, it is necessary to obtain the historical automatic station rain gauge data in the radar planned station area, statistically calculate the precipitation data of each rain gauge at each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the average annual precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area. Figure 7 In the figure, the black grid point is the radar center, and the side length of each square is the maximum scanning radius R of the radar. The average annual precipitation of each grid area is the statistical value of all rain gauges within this grid.

[0067] Step 7. Obtain the maximum radar station building grid point: As shown in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of statistically calculating the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of the black grid point. Add the precipitation of the four square areas around each black grid point in the figure, and the sum obtained is used as the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of this black grid point. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it is the schematic diagram of statistically calculating the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of the black grid point. Figure 7 Add the precipitation of the four square areas around each black grid point in the figure, and the sum obtained is used as the average annual precipitation within the radar scanning range of this black grid point.

[0068] As shown in the figure Figure 9As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the average annual precipitation within the scanning range of each radar grid point. Based on the precipitation distribution in the Figure 7 area where the station is planned to be built, after using the Figure 8 statistical method shown, Figure 9 each dotted square in the figure represents the average annual precipitation statistically calculated for each radar grid point.

[0069] Figure 9 For the black grid points in the figure, only the grid points with a masking rate lower than 20% after being processed in step 5 are retained. Sort the precipitation amounts, and take the grid point with the highest precipitation as the optimal solution for radar station construction, which is used as the second constraint condition. This method can not only optimize the radar detection ability but also enable the radar to detect the largest precipitation area, and can monitor the precipitation situation to the greatest extent.

[0070] As Figure 10 shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the optimal grid point position for radar station construction, where the black circular area is the optimal grid point position for radar selected this time.

[0071] Step 8: Selection of sites for different types of radar networks: When conducting a network of large and small weather radars, multiple different types of weather radars need to be selected for networking. For example, use 1 S-band weather radar and 4 X-band weather radars for networking. Usually, through steps 1 to 7, the site for building an S-band large radar is obtained. As Figure 11 shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the selected location for the S-band radar for the first time.

[0072] After selecting the first S-band radar site, to avoid duplicate site selection, delete the selected S-band radar site in the area where the station is planned to be built. The maximum scanning radius of the S-band weather radar is about 3 times that of the X-band weather radar. Therefore, when selecting the X-band weather radar site, on the basis of the grid-point area of the S-band area where the station is planned to be built, as Figure 12 shown in the figure, add two grid points between each grid point.

[0073] As Figure 13 shown in the figure, it is the grid points of the X-band weather radar's station-building area after adding new grid points. The dotted circles in the figure are the selected S-band weather radar sites and their maximum scanning ranges; then, repeat steps 2 to 7 to select the remaining 4 X-band weather radar sites. Figure 14 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the finally selected network sites. The solid circles in the figure are for the X-band, and the dotted circles are for the S-band radar.

[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments. Instead, it can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and improvements, and can be changed within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge in the relevant field. As long as the changes and variations made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, they should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars, characterized by: The planning method includes: Step 1: Obtain the terrain information of the area where the radar is to be built and determine the parameters of the weather radar; Step 2: Grid the proposed station area and determine the radar position movement rules; Step 3: Count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and select the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint conditions; Step 4: Calculate the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station grid point; Step 5: When networking weather radars, select multiple weather radars of different types for networking; The step three specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions of all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained; wherein the first constraint condition is black grid points with a shielding rate lower than 20%; The step 1 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, grid the area according to the longitude and latitude information, and calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data; Determine the weather radar type, theoretical maximum scanning radius R and theoretical maximum scanning range; The step 2 specifically includes the following contents: After obtaining the longitude and latitude information of the proposed station area, the proposed station area is gridded. Each grid point represents the center of the radar. The distance between every two grid points is the theoretical maximum scanning radius R. The distance between the edge grid point and the boundary is R / 2. Each grid point within the gridded range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other in turn to test the radar scanning range shielding situation at each grid point.

2. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step 4 specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

3. The method for automatic station planning of different types of weather radars according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step five specifically includes the following contents: Select the first type of radar site according to steps 1 to 4; Delete the radar sites of the first type after the proposed station area is selected. According to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar, reset the grid spacing in step 2, and then repeat steps 1 to 4 to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

4. An automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars, characterized by: The system includes a data acquisition module, a grid processing module, a first constraint screening module, a second constraint screening module and a networking module; The data acquisition module is configured to obtain the latitude and longitude information and terrain data of the area where the radar is to be built, perform grid processing on the area where the station is to be built according to the longitude and latitude information, calculate the shielding rate of the weather radar scanning range according to the terrain data, and determine the weather radar type, the theoretical maximum scanning radius R and the theoretical maximum scanning range; The grid processing module is configured to perform grid processing on the proposed station area after acquiring the latitude and longitude information of the proposed station area, where each grid point represents the center of the radar, the distance between each two grid points is the theoretical maximum scanning radius R, the distance between the edge grid point and the boundary is R / 2, and each grid point within the grid range of the proposed station area is traversed from one side to the other side in turn to test the scanning range shielding of the radar at each grid point position; The first constraint condition screening module is configured to count the shielding rate of the area where the radar is located, and screen the grid points that meet the shielding rate constraint condition; The second constraint condition screening module is configured to count the average annual precipitation at the grid point location to obtain the optimal radar station establishment grid point; The networking module is configured to select multiple weather radars of different types for networking when performing weather radar networking; The first constraint screening module specifically includes the following contents: When traversing each grid point, the shielding rate of the weather radar at the grid point is calculated by obtaining the terrain data of the proposed station area, and finally the shielding conditions at all grid points are obtained; All grid points are screened according to the set first constraint condition, and grid points that meet the first constraint condition are retained; wherein the first constraint condition is black grid points with an occlusion rate lower than 20%.

5. The automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second constraint condition screening module specifically includes the following contents: Obtain the annual automatic station rain gauge data in the area where the radar station is planned to be built, count the rain gauge precipitation data of each station, and then use the spatial interpolation method to mark the annual average precipitation of each grid area in the gridded area; The precipitation in the area around each grid point is added up, and the result is taken as the annual average precipitation within the radar scanning range of the grid point, and the grid points that meet the first constraint condition are selected; The amount of precipitation is taken as the second constraint condition. The selected grid points are sorted according to the precipitation, and the grid points with the highest precipitation are selected as the optimal solution for radar station construction.

6. The automatic station planning system for different types of weather radars according to claim 4 is characterized by: The networking module specifically includes the following contents: Select a radar site of the first type according to the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint screening module and the second constraint screening module executed in sequence; The radar sites of the first type after the selection of the proposed station area are deleted, and the grid spacing in the grid processing module is reset according to the difference between the maximum scanning radius of the second type of radar and the maximum scanning radius of the first type of radar. Then, the contents of the data acquisition module, the grid processing module, the first constraint condition screening module and the second constraint condition screening module are repeatedly executed to select the remaining radar sites of the second type.

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