Connection between resources for predictive beam management

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a mobile station may receive, from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources. The mobile station may send, to the network node, a channel state information report indicating measurements associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, where first one or more measurements from the measurements associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurements from the measurements associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for connections between resources for predictive beam management. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communications for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to a communication link from a network node to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to a communication link from a UE to a network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communications, such as via a local link (e.g., a side link (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples).

[0004] The above-mentioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at a city, country, region and / or global level. New Radio (NR), which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving services, utilizing new spectrum, and using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and / or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink to better integrate with other open standards, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR and other radio access technologies remain useful. Summary of the invention

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a mobile station for wireless communication. The mobile station may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. Based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the one or more processors may be configured to: receive from a network node an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The one or more processors may be configured to: send to the network node a channel state information (CSI) report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein the second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. Based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the one or more processors may be configured to: send an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first resource set or the second resource set, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set. The one or more processors may be configured to: receive a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating a measurement value associated with the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement value associated with the first resource set are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement value associated with the second resource set are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station. The method may include: receiving, by the mobile station and from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The method may include: sending, by the mobile station and to the network node, a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: sending, by the network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The method may include: receiving, by the network node, a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a mobile station. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: receive from a network node an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: send to the network node a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: send an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: receive a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for the following operations: receiving an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources from a network node, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The apparatus may include components for the following operations: sending a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources to the network node, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for the following operations: sending an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The apparatus may include components for the following operations: receiving a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0013] Aspects collectively include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the drawings and description and as illustrated in the drawings and description.

[0014] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following specific embodiments may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both in terms of their organization and method of operation, and the associated advantages will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the figures in the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limitations of the claims.

[0015] Although various aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustrating some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The technology described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / shopping equipment, medical equipment, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Various aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components and / or system-level components. The equipment incorporating the various aspects and features described may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the various aspects claimed and described. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components (e.g., hardware components, including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders and / or summers) for analog and digital purposes. The various aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in various devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user devices of various sizes, shapes and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to fully understand the above-mentioned features of the present disclosure, a more specific description of the invention briefly summarized above can be obtained by referring to various aspects (some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings). However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope thereof, as the specification may admit of other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0017] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam management procedure according to the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary architecture of a functional framework for Radio Access Network (RAN) intelligence enabled by data collection according to the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) based beam management according to the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D is a diagram illustrating an example associated with connections between resources for predictive beam management according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary process performed, for example, by a mobile station according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary process, for example, performed by a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig.10 is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig.11 is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. Instead, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the protection scope of the present disclosure will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether it is implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods implemented using other structures, functions, or structures and functions other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0029] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0030] Although various aspects may be described herein using terms generally associated with 5G or new radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT, and / or post-5G RATs (e.g., 6G).

[0031] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or elements of a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, as well as other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. The network node 110 is a network node that communicates with the UE 120. As shown in the figure, the network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, the network node 110 may be a converged network node, which means that the converged network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, the network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), which means that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0032] In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with the UE 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or communicates with the core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU. In some examples, the network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. For example, the network node 110 may include an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), a DU, a RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 may be interconnected to each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 in wireless network 100 via various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0033] In some examples, the network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​the network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. The network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by a UE 120 associated with a femto cell (e.g., a UE 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. Figure 1 In the example shown in , network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​a cell may move depending on the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0034] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, a DU, a RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with the network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeat the execution of at least a portion of the function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions but not the other. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0035] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive transmissions of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit transmissions of data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the example shown in , a network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with a network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and a UE 120d to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, etc.

[0036] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro network node may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while a pico network node, a femto network node, and a relay network node may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0037] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for the network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0038] UE 120 can be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 can be fixed or mobile. UE 120 can include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0039] Some UE 120 may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UE. MTC UE and / or eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, a drone, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor and / or a location tag, which may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device) or some other entity. Some UE 120 may be considered as an Internet of Things (IoT) device and / or may be implemented as a NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) device. Some UE 120 may be considered as customer site equipment. UE 120 may be included in a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) may be operationally coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0040] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc. Frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0041] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more side link channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0042] The devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as a "below 6 GHz" band in various documents and articles. A similar naming problem sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as a "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) identified as a "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0043] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz-24.25GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, so the features of FR1 and / or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz-71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz-114.25GHz) and FR5 (114.25GHz-300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0044] Considering the above examples, unless otherwise expressly stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used herein, the term can broadly refer to frequencies that can be lower than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise expressly stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used herein, the term can broadly refer to frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0045] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive from a network node an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources; and send to the network node a channel state information (CSI) report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the UE 120, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the UE 120 based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0046] In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may send an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources; and receive a CSI report associated with the UE indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0047] As indicated above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 1 Different than described.

[0048] Figure 22 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as an antenna 234 and a modem 254. In some examples, the network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include a radio frequency component that facilitates direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0049] At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for a UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from a data source 212. The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for the UE 120, and provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modulators) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of the modem 232. Each modem 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using a corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream using a corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (eg, T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (eg, T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a through 234t).

[0050] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) may receive downlink signals from the network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of the modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modem 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a CQI parameter, among other things. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

[0051] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0052] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), sets of coplanar antenna elements, sets of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or coupled to one or more transmit and / or receive components (such as, Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components in.

[0053] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information from a controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, and / or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (eg, controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (eg, with reference to FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D and Figures 8 to 11 ).

[0054] At the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232 shown as DEMOD), detected by the MIMO detector 236 (where applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., reference 20 to FIG. 1 ). FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D and Figures 8 to 11 ).

[0055] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component in may perform one or more techniques associated with connection between resources for predictive beam management, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, the mobile station described herein is a UE 120, is included in a UE 120, or includes Figure 2 One or more components of the UE 120 shown. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component of the Figure 8 The process of 800 Fig. 9 900 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program codes for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, and / or interpretation), may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example, Figure 8 The process of 800 Fig. 9 The process 900 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, etc.

[0056] In some aspects, the UE 120 includes components for: receiving, from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources; and / or components for: sending to the network node a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections. Means for UE 120 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communications manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0057] In some aspects, the network node 110 includes components for: sending an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources; and / or components for: receiving a CSI report associated with the UE indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections. In some aspects, components for the network node 110 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: the communication manager 150, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMO processor 230, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the controller / processor 240, the memory 242, or the scheduler 246.

[0058] Although Figure 2The blocks in the 2000 and 2010 are illustrated as distinct components, but the functionality described above for these blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functionality described for the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0059] As indicated above, Figure 2 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 2 Different than described.

[0060] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or components in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station or network equipment can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR BS, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP or a cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) that perform base station functionality can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as an independent base station or a monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. "Network entity" or "network node" may refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0061] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A decomposed base station (e.g., a decomposed network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), and the like.

[0062] Base station type operations or network designs may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a decomposed base station may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as a network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of a communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed separately. A decomposed base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented virtually for at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Individual units of a decomposed base station may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0063] Figure 3 3 is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. The decomposed base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more decomposed control units (such as a near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via an F1 interface. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0064] Each of the units (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340) and the near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO framework 305 may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or send signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the corresponding unit may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. In some examples, each of these units may include a wired interface and a wireless interface, the wired interface being configured to receive signals or send signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium, and the wireless interface may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), which is configured to receive signals or send signals to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium, or both.

[0065] In some aspects, CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU 310. CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP) functionality), control plane functionality (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface such as an E1 interface. As needed, CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with DU 330 for network control and signaling.

[0066] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a MAC layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to a functional partition such as that defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers, such as one or more modules for fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0067] Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some deployments, the RU 340 controlled by the DU 330 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions based on functional splits (e.g., functional splits defined by 3GPP) such as lower layer functional splits, or low PHY layer functions such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc. In this architecture, each RU 340 may be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 120. In some specific implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0068] The SMO framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 305 may communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of the one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 can also include a non-RTRIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0069] The non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 325 (such as via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 325. In some examples, the near-RT RIC 325 may be a logic function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of O-RAN elements and resources via fine-grained data collection and actions on the E2 interface. The near-RT RIC 325 may be co-located with the RAN or network entity to provide real-time processing, such as online ML training or near real-time ML inference. The non-RT RIC 315 may be a logic function that implements non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updating, and policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325, and ML inference with less latency specifications. The non-RT RIC 315 may be located farther from the RAN or network node, such as on a cloud-based server or on an edge server.

[0070] In some implementations, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 305 (such as via reconfiguration of the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0071] As indicated above, Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 3 Different than described.

[0072] Figure 4 4 is a diagram illustrating examples 400, 410, and 420 of beam management procedures according to the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, examples 400, 410, and 420 include UE 120 communicating with network node 110 in a wireless network (e.g., wireless network 100). Figure 4 The devices shown are provided as examples, and the wireless network may support communication and beam management between other devices (e.g., between UE 120 and network node 110 or TRP, between mobile terminal node and control node, between IAB child node and IAB parent node, and / or between scheduled node and scheduling node). In some aspects, UE 120 and network node 110 may be in a connected state (e.g., RRC connected state).

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, example 400 may include a network node 110 (e.g., one or more network node devices such as RU, DU, and / or CU) and a UE 120, the network node communicating with the UE to perform beam management using a CSI reference signal (CSI-RS). Example 400 depicts a first beam management procedure (e.g., P1 CSI-RS beam management). The first beam management procedure may be referred to as a beam selection procedure, an initial beam acquisition procedure, a beam scanning procedure, a cell search procedure, and / or a beam search procedure. Figure 4 As shown in example 400, CSI-RS may be configured to be sent from network node 110 to UE 120. CSI-RS may be configured to be periodic (e.g., using RRC signaling), semi-persistent (e.g., using medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) signaling), and / or aperiodic (e.g., using downlink control information (DCI)).

[0074] The first beam management procedure may include the network node 110 performing beam scanning on multiple transmit (Tx) beams. The network node 110 may transmit a CSI-RS using each transmit beam used for beam management. In order to enable the UE 120 to perform receive (Rx) beam scanning, the network node may transmit each CSI-RS multiple times (e.g., with repetitions) within the same RS resource set using a transmit beam, so that the UE 120 can sweep the receive beam in multiple transmit instances. For example, if the network node 110 has a set of N transmit beams and the UE 120 has a set of M receive beams, the CSI-RS may be transmitted M times on each of the N transmit beams, so that the UE 120 may receive M instances of the CSI-RS per transmit beam. In other words, for each transmit beam of the network node 110, the UE 120 may perform beam scanning on the receive beam of the UE 120. Thus, the first beam management procedure may enable UE 120 to measure CSI-RS on different transmit beams using different receive beams to support selection of a network node 110 transmit beam / UE 120 receive beam pair. UE 120 may report the measurements to network node 110 to enable network node 110 to select one or more beam pairs for communication between network node 110 and UE 120. Although example 400 has been described in conjunction with CSI-RS, the first beam management procedure may also use synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) to perform beam management in a similar manner as described above.

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, example 410 may include network node 110 and UE 120 communicating to perform beam management using CSI-RS. Example 410 depicts a second beam management procedure (e.g., P2 CSI-RS beam management). The second beam management procedure may be referred to as a beam refinement procedure, a network node beam refinement procedure, a TRP beam refinement procedure, and / or a transmit beam refinement procedure. Figure 4As shown in example 410, the CSI-RS may be configured to be transmitted from the network node 110 to the UE 120. The CSI-RS may be configured to be non-periodic (e.g., using DCI). The second beam management procedure may include the network node 110 performing beam scanning on one or more transmit beams. The one or more transmit beams may be a subset of all transmit beams associated with the network node 110 (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements reported by the UE 120 in conjunction with the first beam management procedure). The network node 110 may transmit the CSI-RS using each of the one or more transmit beams used for beam management. The UE 120 may measure each CSI-RS using a single (e.g., identical) receive beam (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements performed in conjunction with the first beam management procedure). The second beam management procedure may enable the network node 110 to select the best transmit beam based at least in part on measurements of the CSI-RS reported by the UE 120 (e.g., measured by the UE 120 using a single receive beam).

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, example 420 depicts a third beam management procedure (e.g., P3 CSI-RS beam management). The third beam management procedure may be referred to as a beam refinement procedure, a UE beam refinement procedure, and / or a receive beam refinement procedure. Figure 4 As shown in example 420, one or more CSI-RS may be configured to be sent from the network node 110 to the UE 120. The CSI-RS may be configured to be non-periodic (e.g., using DCI). The third beam management procedure may include the network node 110 sending the one or more CSI-RS using a single transmit beam (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements reported by the UE 120 in conjunction with the first beam management procedure and / or the second beam management procedure). In order to enable the UE 120 to perform receive beam scanning, the network node may use the transmit beam to send the CSI-RS multiple times (e.g., with repetitions) within the same RS resource set, so that the UE 120 can sweep across one or more receive beams in multiple transmission instances. The one or more receive beams may be a subset of all receive beams associated with the UE 120 (e.g., determined at least in part based on measurements performed in conjunction with the first beam management procedure and / or the second beam management procedure). The third beam management procedure may enable the network node 110 and / or the UE 120 to select the best receive beam based at least in part on reported measurements received from the UE 120 (e.g., the reported measurements are measurements of the CSI-RS of the transmit beam using the one or more receive beams).

[0077] Wireless networks may operate at higher frequency bands, such as within millimeter wave (mmW) bands (e.g., FR2 above 28 GHz, FR4 above 60 GHz, or THz bands above 100 GHz, etc.), to provide high data rates. For example, wireless devices (such as network nodes and UEs) may communicate with each other through beamforming techniques to improve communication speed and reliability. Beamforming techniques may enable wireless devices to send signals in a specific direction, rather than sending omnidirectional signals in all directions. In some examples, a wireless device may send signals from multiple antenna elements using a wavelength and phase that are common to the transmissions from the multiple antenna elements, and the signals from the multiple antenna elements may be combined to create a combined signal with a longer range and a more directional beam. The beam width of the signal may vary based on the transmission frequency. For example, the width of the beam may be negatively correlated with the frequency, wherein the beam width may decrease as the transmission frequency increases, because more radiating elements may be placed in each given area at the transmitter due to a smaller wavelength. Therefore, compared with the beam structure under FR2 or below, the higher frequency band (e.g., THz or sub-THz band) can enable the wireless device to form a much narrower beam structure (e.g., pencil beam, laser beam or narrow beam, etc.), because more radiating elements can be placed in each given area at the antenna element due to the smaller wavelength. The higher frequency band may have a short delay spread (e.g., a few nanoseconds) and can be converted into a coherent frequency bandwidth of tens of MHz. In addition, the higher frequency band can provide a huge available bandwidth, which can be occupied by a larger bandwidth carrier, such as 1000MHz or more per carrier. In some examples, the transmission path of the narrower beam may be more likely to be customized for the receiver, so that the transmission may be more likely to meet the line of sight (LOS) condition, because the narrower beam may be more likely to reach the receiver without being blocked by obstacles. Moreover, since the transmission path may be narrow, transmission and / or refraction may be less likely to occur for the narrower beam.

[0078] Although higher frequency bands may provide a more efficient beam structure and a higher transmission rate, higher frequency bands may also encounter higher attenuation and diffraction losses, wherein the obstruction of the LOS path may degrade the quality of the wireless link. For example, when two wireless devices communicate with each other based on a LOS path in a higher frequency band and the LOS path is blocked by obstacles such as pedestrians, buildings, and / or vehicles, the received power may drop significantly. Therefore, compared with lower frequency bands, wireless communications based on higher frequency bands may be more susceptible to environmental changes. In order to ensure that the UE 120 and the network node 110 communicate using the best beam or beam pair, beam management procedures (e.g., such as in conjunction with Figure 4The beam management procedures described herein may be performed by the UE 120 and / or the network node 110. However, because higher frequency bands may be more susceptible to environmental changes than lower frequency bands, it may be necessary to perform the beam management procedures more frequently and / or using additional beams. This may introduce significant overhead and consume network resources, processing resources, and / or power resources of the UE (and / or the network node) associated with performing the beam management procedures.

[0079] As indicated above, Figure 4 is provided as an example of a beam management procedure. Other examples of beam management procedures can be found in Figure 4 For example, UE 120 and network node 110 may perform a third beam management procedure before performing a second beam management procedure, and / or UE 120 and network node 110 may perform a similar beam management procedure to select a UE transmit beam.

[0080] Figure 5 is a diagram of an exemplary architecture 500 illustrating a functional framework for RAN intelligence enabled by data collection according to the present disclosure. In some scenarios, the functional framework for RAN intelligence may be implemented by further enhancing data collection through use cases and / or examples. For example, principles or algorithms of RAN intelligence enabled by AI / ML and associated functional frameworks (e.g., AI functionality and / or input / output of components for enabling AI optimization) have been utilized or studied to identify the benefits of an AI-enabled RAN through possible use cases (e.g., beam management, energy saving, load balancing, mobility management and / or coverage optimization, etc.). In one example, as shown in architecture 500, the functional framework for RAN intelligence may include multiple logical entities, such as a model training host 502, a model inference host 504, a data source 506, and participants 508.

[0081] The model inference host 504 may be configured to run an AI / ML model based on the inference data provided by the data source 506, and the model inference host 504 may generate output (e.g., prediction) using the inference data input to the participant 508. The participant 508 may be an element or entity of the core network or RAN. For example, the participant 508 may be a UE, a network node, a base station (e.g., a gNB), a CU, a DU, and / or a RU, etc. In addition, the participant 508 may also depend on the type of task performed by the model inference host 504, the type of inference data provided to the model inference host 504, and / or the type of output generated by the model inference host 504. For example, if the output from the model inference host 504 is associated with beam management, the participant 508 may be a UE, a DU, or a RU; and if the output from the model inference host 504 is associated with Tx / Rx scheduling, the participant 508 may be a CU or a DU.

[0082] After the participant 508 receives the output from the model inference host 504, the participant 508 may determine whether to take an action based on the output. For example, if the participant 508 is a DU or RU, and the output from the model inference host 504 is associated with beam management, the participant 508 may determine whether to change / modify the Tx / Rx beam based on the output. If the participant 508 determines an action based on the output, the participant 508 may indicate the action to at least one action subject 510. For example, if the participant 508 determines to change / modify the Tx / Rx beam used for communication between the participant 508 and the action subject 510 (e.g., UE 120), the participant 508 may send a beam (re) configuration or beam switching indication to the action subject 510. The participant 508 may modify its Tx / Rx beam based on the beam (re) configuration, such as switching to a new Tx / Rx beam or applying different parameters to the Tx / Rx beam, etc. As another example, participant 508 may be a UE, and the output from model inference host 504 may be associated with beam management. For example, the output may be one or more predicted measurements for one or more beams. Participant 508 (e.g., UE) determines to send a measurement report (e.g., a layer 1 (L1) RSRP report) to network node 110.

[0083] The data source 506 may also be configured to collect data that is used as training data for training the ML model or as inference data for feeding the ML model inference operation. For example, the data source 506 may collect data from one or more core network and / or RAN entities (which may include an action subject 510) and provide the collected data to the model training host 502 for ML model training. For example, after the action subject 510 (e.g., UE 120) receives the beam configuration from the participant 508, the action subject 510 may provide performance feedback associated with the beam configuration to the data source 506, wherein the performance feedback may be used by the model training host 502 to monitor or evaluate ML model performance, such as whether the output (e.g., prediction) provided to the participant 508 is accurate. In some examples, if the output provided by the participant 508 is inaccurate (or the accuracy is below an accuracy threshold), the model training host 502 may determine to modify or retrain the ML model used by the model inference host, such as via ML model deployment / update.

[0084] As indicated above, Figure 5 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 5 Different than described.

[0085] Figure 6 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of AI / ML-based beam management according to the present disclosure. Figure 6 As shown, the AI / ML model 610 may be deployed at or on the UE 120. For example, a model inference host (such as the model inference host 504) may be deployed at or on the UE 120. The AI / ML model 610 may enable the UE 120 to determine one or more inferences or predictions based on data input to the AI / ML model 610.

[0086] For example, as indicated by reference numeral 615, the input of the AI / ML model 610 may include measurements associated with the first beam set. For example, the network node 110 may send one or more signal values ​​of corresponding beams from the first beam set. The UE 120 may perform measurements (e.g., L1 RSRP measurements or other measurements) on the first beam set to obtain a first measurement set. For example, each beam from the first beam set may be associated with one or more measurements performed by the UE 120. The UE 120 may input the first measurement set (e.g., L1 RSRP measurement values) into the AI / ML model 610 together with information associated with the first beam set and / or the second beam set, such as beam direction (e.g., spatial direction), beam width, beam shape, and / or other characteristics of corresponding beams from the first beam set and / or the second beam set.

[0087] As indicated by reference numeral 620, the AI / ML model 610 may output one or more predictions. The one or more predictions may include predicted measurements associated with the second set of beams (e.g., predicted L1 RSRP measurements). This may reduce the number of beam measurements performed by the UE 120, thereby converting the power of the UE 120 and / or network resources that would otherwise be used to measure all beams included in the first set of beams and the second set of beams. This type of prediction may be referred to as codebook-based spatial domain selection or prediction.

[0088] As another example, the output of the AI / ML model 610 may include the point direction, angle of departure (AoD), and / or angle of arrival (AoA) of the beams included in the second beam set. This type of prediction may be referred to as non-codebook based spatial domain selection or prediction. As another example, multiple measurement reports or values ​​collected at different time points may be input to the AI / ML model 610. This may enable the AI / ML model 610 to output codebook-based and / or non-codebook based predictions of measurement values, AoD and / or AoA, etc. for beams at future times. As described herein, the output of the AI / ML model 610 may facilitate initial access procedures, secondary cell group (SCG) setup procedures, beam refinement procedures (e.g., as described above in conjunction with Figure 4 The P2 beam management procedure or the P3 beam management procedure), link quality or interference adaptation procedure, beam failure and / or beam blocking prediction, and / or radio link failure prediction, etc.

[0089] In some examples, the first beam set may be referred to as a set B beam, and the second beam set may be referred to as a set A beam. In some examples, the first beam set (e.g., set B beams) may be a subset of the second beam set (e.g., set A beams). In some other examples, the first beam set and the second beam set may be different beams and / or may be mutually exclusive sets. For example, the first beam set (e.g., set B beams) may include wide beams (e.g., unrefined beams or beams with a beam width that satisfies a first threshold), and the second beam set (e.g., set A beams) may include narrow beams (e.g., refined beams or beams with a beam width that satisfies a second threshold). In one example, the AI / ML model 610 may perform spatial domain downlink beam prediction of the beams included in the set A beam based on the measurement results of the beams included in the set B beams. As another example, the AI / ML model 610 may perform temporal downlink beam prediction for beams included in the set A beams based on historical measurements of beams included in the set B beams.

[0090] As described above, in order to perform the prediction described herein, the UE 120 and / or the AI / ML model 610 may require information associated with the first beam set and / or the second beam set in order to accurately perform the prediction. For example, the UE 120 and / or the AI / ML model 610 may use information such as the beam direction (e.g., spatial direction), beam width, beam shape, and / or other characteristics of the corresponding beams from the first beam set and / or the second beam set to accurately perform the above prediction. However, this information may be associated with the beamforming technology performed at the network node 110. Therefore, the network node 110 may send the information, and the UE 120 may receive the information (e.g., the beam direction (e.g., spatial direction), beam width, beam shape, and / or other characteristics of the corresponding beams from the first beam set and / or the second beam set). However, this may consume significant signaling overhead, especially in the case where the network node 110 may dynamically change the beamforming technology or shape (e.g., thereby requiring another transmission of the above information). Furthermore, explicit indication of the beamforming techniques performed at the network node 110 may require detailed disclosure of proprietary or confidential information. Thus, in some cases, the network node 110 may not provide explicit indication of some or all of the information that the UE 120 accurately performs the above-described predictions. As a result, the AI / ML predictions performed by the UE 120 may be degraded because the UE 120 may not have access to information about the beam characteristics or beam shapes associated with the AI / ML predictions.

[0091] Some techniques and apparatus described herein are associated with connections between resources for predictive beam management. For example, UE 120 may receive an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. The one or more connections may include a connection associated with a resource included in the first resource set or the second resource set, the connection being defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set. In other words, the connection may be an implicit connection that defines beam characteristics associated with a given resource relative to beams associated with other resources included in different sets. In some examples, the connections described herein may be referred to as implicit connections, associations, correlations, relationships, correspondences, mappings, and / or links, etc. The connection may indicate a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of one or more resources included in the different resource set. The first resource set may be a channel measurement resource for CSI reporting, and the second resource set may be a resource (e.g., a nominal resource) that is not actually measured by UE 120. For example, a first set of resources may be associated with a set B beam and a second set of resources may be associated with a set A beam. In some aspects, the connection may be a graph-based connection or may be a linear combination.

[0092] UE 120 may send a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set and the second resource set. A first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set may be measured by UE 120. A second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second resource set may be predicted by UE 120 based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections. In other words, UE 120 may use the connection between the first resource set and the second resource set to obtain beam characteristics or beam shapes associated with the first resource set and the second resource set. UE 120 may use the beam characteristics or beam shapes associated with the first resource set and the second resource set to perform one or more AI / ML predictions associated with the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0093] In some aspects, one or more resources included in the second set of resources may be used to send a configuration indicator (TCI) status indication. Additionally or alternatively, one or more resources included in the second set of resources may be used by UE 120 as a source reference for a quasi-co-located (QCL) source (e.g., even if UE 120 has not actually received and / or measured a signal via the second set of resources).

[0094] Thus, the UE 120 may be enabled to perform improved predictive beam management by obtaining beam characteristics (e.g., beam shape and / or beam width) associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources. In addition, by using an implicit connection between the two resource sets, the UE 120 and / or the network node 110 may save signaling overhead, network resources, processing resources, and / or power associated with indicating beam characteristics (e.g., beam shape and / or beam width) associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources. For example, by using an implicit connection between the two resource sets, detailed beamforming information or a specific implementation performed at the network node 110 does not need to be disclosed or indicated to the UE 120.

[0095] As indicated above, Figure 6 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 6 Different than described.

[0096] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D is a diagram illustrating an example 700 associated with connections between resources for predictive beam management according to the present disclosure. Fig. 7A As shown, a network node 110 (e.g., a base station, a CU, a DU, and / or a RU) may communicate with a UE 120. In some aspects, the network node 110 and the UE 120 may be part of a wireless network (e.g., the wireless network 100). The UE 120 and the network node 110 may be in communication with each other. Fig. 7A The operations shown are performed after a wireless connection has been established.

[0097] In some aspects, the actions described herein as being performed by the network node 110 may be performed by multiple different network nodes. For example, a configuration action may be performed by a first network node (e.g., a CU or a DU), and a radio communication action may be performed by a second network node (e.g., a DU or a RU). As used herein, "sending" a communication by the network node 110 to the UE 120 may refer to direct sending (e.g., from the network node 110 to the UE 120) or indirect sending via one or more other network nodes or devices. For example, if the network node 110 is a DU, indirect sending to the UE 120 may include the DU sending the communication to the RU and the RU sending the communication to the UE 120. Similarly, "sending" a communication by the UE 120 to the network node 110 may refer to direct sending (e.g., from the UE 120 to the network node 110) or indirect sending via one or more other network nodes or devices. For example, if the network node 110 is a DU, indirect sending to the network node 110 may include the UE 120 sending the communication to the RU and the RU sending the communication to the DU.

[0098] like Fig. 7AAs shown, and as shown by reference numeral 705, UE 120 may send a capability report and network node 110 may receive the capability report. The capability report may indicate that UE 120 supports performing predictive beam management as described herein. For example, the capability report may indicate that UE 120 supports performing as described in conjunction with Figures 5 and 6 In some aspects, the capability report may indicate that UE 120 supports identifying beam information for performing predictive beam management using a connection between two resource sets, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. In some aspects, UE 120 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein based at least in part on the capability report indicating that UE 120 supports performing predictive beam management.

[0099] As indicated by reference numeral 710, the network node 110 may send, and the UE 120 may receive, configuration information. In some aspects, the UE 120 may receive the configuration information via one or more of system information signaling, RRC signaling, one or more MAC-CEs and / or DCIs, etc. In some aspects, the configuration information may include an indication of one or more configuration parameters for selection by the UE 120 (e.g., stored by the UE 120 and / or previously indicated by the network node 110 or another network device), explicit configuration information for the UE 120 to configure itself, etc.

[0100] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that UE 120 is to perform predictive beam management. For example, the configuration information may indicate that UE 120 is to use an AI / ML model and / or a model inference host deployed at or associated with UE 120 to predict measurement values ​​(e.g., L1 RSRP values) associated with one or more beams. For example, the configuration information may indicate that UE 120 is to use measurement values ​​of other transmit beams of network node 110 (e.g., performed by UE 120) to predict measurement values ​​associated with a transmit beam of network node 110 (e.g., RU).

[0101] In some examples, the configuration information may indicate a first resource set and a second resource set. In some aspects, the first resource set may include downlink reference signal resources, such as SSB resources or CSI-RS resources, etc. In some aspects, the first resource set may be a channel measurement resource (CMR) for CSI reporting (e.g., which may be indicated via the resourcesForChannelMeasurement information element). In some aspects, the second resource set may include nominal resources. As used herein, "nominal resources" may refer to resources (e.g., time-frequency resources or radio resources) that are indicated or configured for UE 120 but are not used by network node 110 for transmission (or infrequently used for transmission). For example, the second resource set may include one or more downlink reference signal resources (e.g., SSB resources or CSI-RS resources) that are infrequently used or not used for transmission by network node 110. In some other examples, the second resource set may include one or more virtual resources or logical resources (e.g., resources that are not used by network node 110 for transmission).

[0102] In some aspects, a given resource (e.g., from the first set of resources and / or the second set of resources) may be associated with a beam. For example, the network node 110 may associate a given resource with a given beam. In the event that the resource is used by the network node 110 for transmission, the network node 110 may use the resource and the beam for transmission. In some aspects, the first set of resources may be associated with a set B beam of the network node 110, and the second set of resources may be associated with a set A beam of the network node 110. In some aspects, the first set of resources may be a subset of the second set of resources. In some other aspects, the first set of resources may include different resources (e.g., may be mutually exclusive sets).

[0103] In some aspects, the configuration information may include a CSI configuration. For example, the configuration information may include a CSI report setting and / or a CSI resource setting, etc. As another example, the configuration information may include a CSI-ReportConfig configuration and / or a CSI-ResourceConfig configuration, etc. In other words, the configuration information may configure the UE 120 to send a CSI report including information (e.g., measurements) associated with the first resource set and the second resource set. As described above, the first resource set may be a CMR for CSI reporting.

[0104] In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a reporting quantity configuration for CSI reporting. For example, the UE 120 may be configured with a CSI-ReportConfig, where a higher layer parameter reportQuantity is set to "none", "cri-RI-PMI-CQI", "cri-RI-i1", "cri-RI-i1-CQI", "cri-RI-CQI", "cri-RSRP", "ssb-Index-RSRP", or "cri-RI-LI-PMI-CQI", etc. (e.g., as defined by 3GPP or otherwise fixed). The reporting quantity may indicate or configure what to include in the CSI report, what the UE 120 expects to be configured for the CSI report, etc. In other words, the reporting quantity may indicate what kind of quantity (e.g., SSB RSRP, CQI, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and / or rank indicator (RI)) the UE 120 should measure and report. For example, a wireless communication standard such as 3GPP may define expectations and / or configurations for CSI reporting for different values ​​of the reporting quantity. In some aspects, a reporting amount associated with a CSI report to be sent by UE 120 may be based at least in part on a second set of resources (e.g., nominal resources). For example, the second set of resources may be used to define a reporting amount for a CSI configuration. In some aspects, the second set of resources may be used as a reference for a reporting amount in a CSI report (e.g., the first set of resources may be used as a CMR for a CSI report, and the reporting amount for the CSI report may be defined at least in part based on the second set of resources). For example, UE 120 may receive a configuration for a CSI report (e.g., a CSI report setting, a CSI resource setting, a CSI-ReportConfig, and / or a CSI-ResourceConfig). The configuration may indicate that the first set of resources are channel measurement resources associated with a CSI report, and the second set of resources is a reference associated with a reporting amount associated with a CSI report.

[0105] UE 120 may configure itself based at least in part on the configuration information.In some aspects, UE 120 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein based at least in part on the configuration information.

[0106] As shown by reference numeral 715, the network node 110 may send, and the UE 120 may receive, an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources. For example, the one or more connections may be implicit connections. In some aspects, the indication of the one or more connections may be included in the configuration information (e.g., the configuration information and the indication of the one or more connections may be included in the same communication or configuration). In some other aspects, the indication of the one or more connections may be sent to the UE 120 separately from the configuration information.

[0107] For example, a connection associated with a resource included in a first resource set or a second resource set, the connection being defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set. In some aspects, the connection may indicate a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of one or more resources included in the different resource set. In other words, the connection may implicitly indicate a beam and / or spatial direction associated with a given resource by connecting the given resource to one or more other resources included in a different resource set.

[0108] like Figure 7B As shown, in some examples, one or more connections may include a graph-based connection. For example, a graph-based connection may be based at least in part on a graph, such as Figure 7B . For example, a graph associated with a graph-based connection may include nodes for corresponding resources included in a first resource set and a second resource set. As shown in reference number 745, one or more connections may include one or more edges or be indicated by one or more edges. As an example, a first edge from one or more edges may indicate a connection between a first node associated with a first resource set and a second node associated with a second resource set. An edge may connect two nodes associated with resources included in different sets. Each node associated with a resource included in the first resource set may be connected to multiple edges associated with different nodes, which are associated with different resources included in the second resource set. Similarly, each node associated with a resource included in the second resource set may be connected to multiple edges associated with different nodes, which are associated with different resources included in the first resource set.

[0109] For example, Figure 7B As shown, the connection may indicate that a node associated with resource 0 from the second resource set is associated with a first edge associated with resource 0 from the first resource set and a second edge associated with resource 1 from the first resource set. This may indicate that resource 0 from the second resource set is connected to resource 0 and resource 1 from the first resource set. As another example, resource 3 from the second resource set may be associated with a first edge associated with resource 0 from the first resource set, a second edge associated with resource 1 from the first resource set, and a third edge associated with resource 2 from the first resource set. This may indicate that resource 3 from the second resource set is connected to resource 0, resource 1, and resource 2 from the first resource set.

[0110] In some aspects, the network node 110 may indicate the graph-based connections via a matrix. As an example, the network node 110 may indicate the matrix to the UE 120 via one or more bitmaps. For example, as shown by reference numeral 750, the matrix may indicate edges associated with the graph. For example, in some cases, an entry in the matrix associated with a value of "1" may indicate that a connection or edge exists between resources associated with the entry. An entry in the matrix associated with a value of "0" may indicate that a connection or edge does not exist between resources associated with the entry.

[0111] In some aspects, each of the one or more edges indicates a probability level or strength level of a spatial connection between two nodes associated with different resource sets from the first resource set and the second resource set. For example, rather than an element or entry of a matrix indicating a binary value of "1" or "0" (e.g., indicating the presence or absence of an edge or connection), an element or entry of a matrix may indicate a probability level or strength level indicating the probability or strength of a corresponding connection between nodes (or resources) (e.g., may indicate a connection probability or connection strength). For example, the probability level or strength level may be a value between 0 and 1. A value closer to the value 0 may indicate that the connection between the two resources is weak or less likely, while a probability level or strength level closer to the value 1 may indicate that the connection between the two resources is strong or more likely.

[0112] For example, UE 120 may receive an indication of an adjacency matrix of a graph that indicates graph-based connections associated with the graph (e.g., as indicated by reference numeral 750). The one or more connections may be indicated by corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix. As described above, the corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix may indicate a probability level or strength level associated with the one or more connections (e.g., rather than a probability level such as Figure 7B ' (value "1" or "0" as shown in ).

[0113] As another example and as shown by reference numeral 755, network node 110 may use an adjacency list to indicate a connection between a first set of resources and a second set of resources. An adjacency list may be a collection of unordered lists used to represent a finite graph. Each unordered list within an adjacency list describes a set of neighbors of the graph. For example, Figure 7B As shown, the adjacency list may include three lists. UE 120 may receive an indication of an adjacency list indicating the connection between the graph and / or the first resource set and the second resource set. The one or more connections may be indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list. For example, if two nodes are connected in the adjacency list, this may indicate that the two nodes are connected in the graph (e.g., and the adjacency associated with the node is connected). In some aspects, the link between the adjacent nodes in the adjacency list may indicate a probability level or strength level associated with one or more connections in a manner similar to that described above.

[0114] like Figure 7C As shown, the connection indicated by the graph may indicate a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with a resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with one or more resources included in a different resource set (e.g., indicated by the graph as being connected to the resource). In other words, the implicit connection between the first resource set and the second resource set based on the graph may indicate a spatial superposition between the connected resources. For example, the connection may indicate that a first beam width of a first beam associated with a resource may overlap with a second beam width of a second beam. In other words, if the graph indicates that a first resource (e.g., included in the second resource set) is connected to a second resource (e.g., included in the first resource set), the UE 120 may assume that the beam width associated with the first resource is within the beam width associated with the second resource.

[0115] In some aspects, the beamwidth may include an angular spread associated with an attenuation difference from a peak beamforming gain of a beam associated with the beamwidth that satisfies a threshold (e.g., X decibels (dB) of attenuation). In other words, the beamwidth may be defined as the angular spread within X dB of attenuation relative to the peak beamforming gain of the beam. In some aspects, the value of the threshold (e.g., X) may be defined by a wireless communication standard (such as 3GPP) or otherwise fixed. Additionally or alternatively, the value of the threshold (e.g., X) may be included in an indication of one or more connections between a first set of resources and a second set of resources. In some aspects, the threshold may include a first threshold associated with the first set of resources (e.g., X1) and a second threshold associated with the second set of resources (e.g., X2).

[0116] As an example and Figure 7C As shown, the diagram may indicate that resource 0 included in the second resource set is connected to resource 0 and resource 1 included in the first resource set. As shown by reference numeral 760, the connection may indicate a spatial overlap between the connected resources. For example, Figure 7C As shown, the connection may indicate that the beamwidth of the beam associated with resource 0 included in the second resource set is included within the beamwidth of the beam associated with resource 0 included in the first resource set and within the beamwidth of the beam associated with resource 1 included in the first resource set. Based on this information, the UE 120 may be enabled to infer and / or perform a prediction of the beam associated with resource 0 in the first resource set based at least in part on measurements of resource 0 and resource 1 included in the first resource set, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

[0117] As another example, and if Fig.7DAs shown, one or more connections may include a connection based on a linear combination. For example, the connection may indicate that the beam of the resources included in the second resource set is a linear combination of one or more beams associated with the corresponding resources included in the first resource set (e.g., the connection may be associated with the linear combination of one or more resources). Alternatively, the connection may indicate that the beam of the resources included in the first resource set is a linear combination of one or more beams associated with the corresponding resources included in the second resource set.

[0118] As an example, the linear combination may be associated with one or more linear combination coefficients associated with corresponding resources from the one or more resources. For example, the linear combination coefficients may be beamforming coefficients. In some aspects, the linear combination coefficients may be amplitude and phase coefficients.

[0119] In some aspects, as indicated by reference numeral 765, UE 120 may receive an indication of a matrix indicating connections based on linear combinations, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by respective elements of the matrix. For example, network node 110 may indicate linear combination coefficients associated with respective connections between resources included in the first set of resources and the second set of resources. As another example, UE 120 may receive an indication of an adjacency list indicating connections based on linear combinations (e.g., in a manner similar to that of a combination of Figure 7B For example, the linear combination coefficients may be indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0120] As shown by reference numeral 770, UE 120 may receive an indication of a codebook-based matrix associated with a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of a polarization matrix. The linear combination coefficients may be indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix. For example, the linear combination coefficients may be indicated via a matrix having a format similar to the codebook matrix (e.g., a wideband type IICSI feedback codebook defined by a wireless communication standard such as 3GPP or otherwise fixed). For example, the codebook matrix may be associated with resources from the first set of resources and the second set of resources, rather than the codebook matrix being associated with a spatial domain basis and / or layer. By using a matrix having such a format, the polarization domain may also be considered when indicating a linear combination.

[0121] Back to Fig. 7A , the connection between the resources in the first resource set and the second resource set may be configured for a given CSI report (eg, may be configured to be dedicated to a CSI report). For example, the connection may be specific to a given CSI report configuration.

[0122] For example, for periodic or semi-persistent CSI reporting, the connection may be indicated in the configuration for the CSI reporting. For example, the UE 120 may receive a CSI reporting setting associated with the CSI reporting. The CSI reporting setting may include an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. As another example, the UE 120 may receive a CSI resource setting associated with the CSI reporting. The CSI resource setting may include an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. For example, the CSI resource setting may include an indication of the first resource set, the second resource set, and the connection between the first resource set and the second resource set (e.g., a graph and / or linear combination may be indicated as described in more detail elsewhere herein).

[0123] For semi-persistent CSI reporting, UE 120 may receive a MAC-CE communication activating transmission of the CSI report. In some aspects, the MAC-CE communication may include an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. As another example, for aperiodic CSI reporting, UE 120 may receive a DCI that triggers a trigger state associated with the CSI report. In some aspects, the trigger state may include an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. For example, UE 120 may receive a configuration (e.g., an RRC configuration) for one or more trigger states that indicates a corresponding connection between the first resource set and the second resource set. UE 120 may receive a DCI that triggers a given trigger state. UE 120 may identify a connection between the first resource set and the second resource set based at least in part on the configuration of the given trigger state.

[0124] In some aspects, the connection may be configured without regard to the CSI reporting configuration or setting. For example, UE 120 may receive and network node 110 may send an RRC configuration that includes information associated with corresponding resources from the first resource set and the second resource set. In some aspects, the RRC configuration may include an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set. For example, the connection may be an RRC configured by each corresponding information element of the first resource set (e.g., SSB information element or CSI-RS information element) and / or the second resource set.

[0125] As indicated by reference numeral 720, UE 120 may determine beam characteristics of resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set or spatial associations between resources. For example, UE 120 may use a graph-based connection to identify two or more resources associated with spatial superposition of respective beams of the two or more resources (e.g., as combined with Figure 7C). As another example, UE 120 may determine a linear combination between resources included in the first set of resources and the second set of resources. In other words, UE 120 may use these connections to obtain spatial information and / or beam information associated with resources included in the first set of resources and the second set of resources. UE 120 may use this information to perform one or more predictions associated with beam management, as described elsewhere herein. For example, UE 120 may provide this information and / or an indication of the connection as input to an AI / ML model for predictive beam management.

[0126] As indicated by reference numeral 725, the network node 110 may transmit and the UE 120 may receive one or more signals using resources included in the first resource set. For example, the network node 110 may transmit and the UE 120 may receive one or more SBS or CSI-RS using resources included in the first resource set. As indicated by reference numeral 730, the UE 120 may perform measurements on signals associated with the first resource set. For example, the UE 120 may perform L1RSRP measurements of signals associated with the first resource set.

[0127] As shown at reference numeral 735, UE 120 may use measurements (e.g., as performed above in connection with reference numeral 730) and connections (e.g., as performed above in connection with reference numeral 715 and / or FIG. 7B to FIG. 7D The AI / ML model may determine one or more predicted measurements of the second set of resources (as described herein) by indicating to UE 120. For example, UE 120 may input measurements performed by UE 120 and an indication of a connection (or beam / spatial information determined by UE 120 based at least in part on the connection) to the AI / ML model. The AI / ML model may output predicted measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

[0128] As indicated by reference numeral 740, UE 120 may send, and network node 110 may receive, a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with a first set of resources and a second set of resources. A first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources may be measured by UE 120 (e.g., as described above in connection with reference numeral 730). A second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources may be predicted by UE 120 based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections (e.g., as described above in connection with reference numeral 735). In this manner, UE 120 may be enabled to perform predictive beam management without requiring detailed beamforming or spatial information associated with network node 110 (e.g., associated with beamforming performed by network node 110). This may reduce signaling overhead associated with enabling UE 120 to perform predictive beam management.

[0129] In some aspects, based at least in part on performing predictive beam management, resources included in the second set of resources can be used as QCL source resources for the TCI state. For example, the QCL source resources can be QCL type-D QCL (e.g., as defined or otherwise fixed by a wireless communication standard such as 3GPP). For example, QCL type-D can be associated with shared spatial reception parameters between a source reference signal and a target reference signal.

[0130] In some aspects, UE 120 may receive, and network node 110 may send, an indication of a TCI state associated with a QCL source reference associated with at least one resource from the second set of resources. For example, the TCI state may be a known TCI state (e.g., based at least in part on a measurement associated with at least one resource of the second one or more measurement values ​​included in the CSI report) based at least in part on performing predictive beam management.

[0131] For example, a beam may be associated with a TCI state. The TCI state may indicate a directivity or characteristic of a downlink beam, such as one or more QCL attributes of the downlink beam. The QCL attributes may include, for example, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, or spatial reception parameters, etc. The spatial relationship may indicate a directivity or characteristic of an uplink beam (similar to one or more QCL attributes), as described above.

[0132] In some aspects, the UE 120 and / or the network node 110 may perform a TCI state switch. The TCI state switch may involve a known TCI state and an unknown TCI state. The TCI state switch timeline may specify a delay between receiving a reference signal (RS) resource (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB) for an L1 RSRP measurement report for a target TCI state (activated TCI state) and completing an active TCI state switch. The RS resource is an RS in an activated TCI state or a QCL with an activated TCI state.

[0133] The TCI state switching timeline for the TCI state switching period may depend on whether the activated TCI state is known or unknown. The TCI state is known if multiple conditions are met. The multiple conditions may include: (Condition #1) whether a TCI state switching command is received within 1280 milliseconds (ms) at the last transmission of RS resources for beam reporting or measurement; (Condition #2) whether the UE has sent at least 1 L1 RSRP report for the target TCI state before the TCI state switching command; (Condition #3) whether the TCI state remains detectable during the TCI state switching period (e.g., from the timeslot carrying the TCI state activation MAC CE to the completion of the TCI switch); and (Condition #4) whether the SSB associated with the TCI state remains detectable during the TCI switching period. The RS may be detectable by the UE if the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RS is greater than or equal to 3 decibels (dB). This does not necessarily mean that such an RS must be sent. This can be verified by the UE via other RSs (e.g., DMRS). If these conditions are not met, the TCI state is unknown. As described above, UE 120 may consider the TCI state to be known, rather than relying on multiple conditions: (1) UE 120 has been configured / activated / triggered with CSI reporting, where the reporting amount of the CSI reporting is configured / indicated at least in part based on the second resource set; and (2) UE 120 has reported at least one predicted L1 RSRP value associated with resources associated with the TCI state included in the second resource set (e.g., as described above in conjunction with reference numeral 740). This may reduce the overhead associated with configuring the TCI state and / or may enable UE 120 to take into account additional TCI states to be known by performing predictive beam management.

[0134] Thus, the UE 120 may be enabled to perform improved predictive beam management by obtaining beam characteristics (e.g., beam shape and / or beam width) associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources. In addition, by using an implicit connection between the two resource sets, the UE 120 and / or the network node 110 may save signaling overhead, network resources, processing resources, and / or power associated with indicating beam characteristics (e.g., beam shape and / or beam width) associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources. For example, by using an implicit connection between the two resource sets, detailed beamforming information or a specific implementation performed at the network node 110 does not need to be disclosed or indicated to the UE 120.

[0135] As indicated above, FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D Different than described.

[0136] Figure 8is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, by a mobile station in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example of operations in which a mobile station (eg, UE 120) performs operations associated with connection between resources for predictive beam management.

[0137] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include receiving, from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources (block 810). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using Fig.10 The communication manager 140 and / or receiving component 1002 depicted in the figure may receive an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set from a network node, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first resource set or the second resource set, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set, as described above.

[0138] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include sending a CSI report to the network node indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections (block 820). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using Fig.10 The communication manager 140 and / or sending component 1004 depicted in the figure may send a CSI report to the network node indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second resource set are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections, as described above.

[0139] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0140] In a first aspect, the connection indicates a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of the one or more resources included in the different set of resources.

[0141] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the first set of resources is a channel measurement resource for the CSI report, and a reporting amount associated with the CSI report is based at least in part on the second set of resources.

[0142] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the first resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0143] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the second resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0144] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the second resource set includes one or more virtual resources.

[0145] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the resources included in the second resource set are QCL source resources for a TCI state.

[0146] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the QCL source resource is a type D QCL source resource.

[0147] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the one or more connections include a graph-based connection.

[0148] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the graph associated with the graph-based connection includes nodes for the corresponding resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set, and one or more edges, wherein a first edge from the one or more edges indicates a connection between a first node associated with the first resource set and a second node associated with the second resource set.

[0149] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the second node is further associated with a second edge indicating a connection between the second node and a third node associated with the first resource set.

[0150] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, each of the one or more edges indicates a probability level or strength level of a spatial connection between two nodes associated with different resource sets from the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0151] In the twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency matrix of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix.

[0152] In a thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the corresponding element of the adjacency matrix indicates a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0153] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency list of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0154] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, the corresponding neighboring nodes indicate a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0155] In the sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to fifteenth aspects, the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource set.

[0156] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, the connection indicates that a first beam width of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beam width of the second beam.

[0157] In an eighteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to seventeen, a beamwidth from the first beamwidth or the second beamwidth includes an angular spread associated with a threshold-satisfying attenuation difference of a peak beamforming gain from a beam associated with the beamwidth.

[0158] In a nineteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighteenth aspects, the value of the threshold is included in the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

[0159] In the twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to nineteenth aspects, the threshold comprises a first threshold associated with the first resource set and a second threshold associated with the second resource set.

[0160] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twentieth aspects, the one or more connections include connections based on linear combinations.

[0161] In the twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-first aspects, the resource is included in the second resource set and the one or more resources are included in the first resource set, and the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0162] In a twenty-third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-second, the linear combination is associated with linear combination coefficients associated with respective resources from the one or more resources.

[0163] In a twenty-fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-third aspects, the linear combination coefficients are amplitude and phase coefficients.

[0164] In aspect twenty-fifth, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-fourth, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of a matrix indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the matrix.

[0165] In aspect twenty-six, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-fifth, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of a codebook matrix associated with the first resource set and the second resource set and a polarization matrix, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix.

[0166] In aspect twenty-seven, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-six, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency list indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0167] In the twenty-eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-seventh aspects, the resource is included in the first resource set and the one or more resources are included in the second resource set, and the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0168] In aspect twenty-ninth, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from aspect one to aspect twenty-eight, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a configuration for the CSI report, wherein the configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0169] In the thirtieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-ninth aspects, the configuration for the CSI report indicates that the first resource set is a channel measurement resource associated with the CSI report, and the second resource set is a reference associated with a reporting quantity associated with the CSI report.

[0170] In the thirty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects of the first to thirtieth aspects, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a CSI report setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI report setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0171] In aspect thirty-second, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from aspect one to aspect thirty-first, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a CSI resource setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI resource setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0172] In aspect thirty-third, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to thirty-second aspects, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a MAC-CE communication that activates the sending of the CSI report, wherein the MAC-CE communication includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0173] In aspect thirty-four, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirty-three, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving downlink control information that triggers a trigger state associated with the CSI report, wherein the trigger state includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0174] In aspect thirty-fifth, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirty-four, process 800 comprises receiving an indication of a TCI state associated with a QCL source reference associated with at least one resource from the second set of resources.

[0175] In aspect thirty-six, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirty-five, the TCI state is a known TCI state based at least in part on a measurement value associated with the at least one resource, the measurement value being included in the second one or more measurement values ​​included in the CSI report.

[0176] In aspect thirty-seven, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to thirty-sixth aspects, receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an RRC configuration including information associated with corresponding resources from the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the RRC configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0177] although Figure 8 An example block diagram of process 800 is shown, but in some aspects, process 800 may include Figure 8 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the process 800. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0178] Fig. 9is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, by a network node in accordance with the present disclosure. The example process 900 is an example in which a network node (eg, network node 110) performs operations associated with connecting between resources for predictive beam management.

[0179] like Fig. 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include sending an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources (block 910). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig.11 The communication manager 150 and / or sending component 1104 depicted in the figure may send an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first resource set or the second resource set, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set, as described above.

[0180] like Fig. 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections (block 920). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig.11 The communication manager 150 and / or receiving component 1102 depicted in the figure may receive a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set are measured, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second resource set are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections, as described above.

[0181] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0182] In a first aspect, the connection indicates a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of the one or more resources included in the different set of resources.

[0183] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the first set of resources is a channel measurement resource for the CSI report, and a reporting amount associated with the CSI report is based at least in part on the second set of resources.

[0184] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the first resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0185] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the second resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0186] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the second resource set includes one or more virtual resources.

[0187] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the resources included in the second resource set are QCL source resources for a TCI state.

[0188] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the QCL source resource is a type D QCL source resource.

[0189] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the one or more connections include a graph-based connection.

[0190] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the graph associated with the graph-based connection includes nodes for the corresponding resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set, and one or more edges, wherein a first edge from the one or more edges indicates a connection between a first node associated with the first resource set and a second node associated with the second resource set.

[0191] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the second node is further associated with a second edge indicating a connection between the second node and a third node associated with the first resource set.

[0192] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, each of the one or more edges indicates a probability level or strength level of a spatial connection between two nodes associated with different resource sets from the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0193] In the twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency matrix of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix.

[0194] In a thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the corresponding element of the adjacency matrix indicates a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0195] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency list of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0196] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, the corresponding neighboring nodes indicate a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0197] In the sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects of the first to fifteenth aspects, the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource set.

[0198] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixteenth aspects, the connection indicates that a first beam width of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beam width of the second beam.

[0199] In an eighteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to seventeen, a beamwidth from the first beamwidth or the second beamwidth includes an angular spread associated with a threshold-satisfying attenuation difference of a peak beamforming gain from a beam associated with the beamwidth.

[0200] In a nineteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighteenth aspects, the value of the threshold is included in the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

[0201] In the twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to nineteenth aspects, the threshold comprises a first threshold associated with the first resource set and a second threshold associated with the second resource set.

[0202] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twentieth aspects, the one or more connections include connections based on linear combinations.

[0203] In the twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-first aspects, the resource is included in the second resource set and the one or more resources are included in the first resource set, and the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0204] In a twenty-third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-second, the linear combination is associated with linear combination coefficients associated with respective resources from the one or more resources.

[0205] In a twenty-fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-third aspects, the linear combination coefficients are amplitude and phase coefficients.

[0206] In aspect twenty-fifth, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-fourth, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of a matrix indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the matrix.

[0207] In aspect twenty-six, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-fifth, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of a codebook matrix associated with the first resource set and the second resource set and a polarization matrix, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix.

[0208] In aspect twenty-seven, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-six, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency list indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0209] In the twenty-eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-seventh aspects, the resource is included in the first resource set and the one or more resources are included in the second resource set, and the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0210] In aspect twenty-ninth, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from aspect one to aspect twenty-eight, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a configuration for the CSI report, wherein the configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0211] In the thirtieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to twenty-ninth aspects, the configuration for the CSI report indicates that the first resource set is a channel measurement resource associated with the CSI report, and the second resource set is a reference associated with a reporting quantity associated with the CSI report.

[0212] In the thirty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects of the first to thirtieth aspects, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a CSI report setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI report setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0213] In aspect thirty-second, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from aspect one to aspect thirty-first, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a CSI resource setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI resource setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0214] In aspect thirty-third, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to thirty-second aspects, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a MAC-CE communication to activate the sending of the CSI report, wherein the MAC-CE communication includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0215] In aspect thirty-four, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to thirty-three, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending downlink control information that triggers a trigger state associated with the CSI report, wherein the trigger state includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0216] In aspect thirty-fifth, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirty-fourth, process 900 comprises sending an indication of a TCI state associated with a QCL source reference associated with at least one resource from the second set of resources.

[0217] In aspect thirty-six, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to thirty-five, the TCI state is a known TCI state based at least in part on a measurement value associated with the at least one resource, the measurement value being included in the second one or more measurement values ​​included in the CSI report.

[0218] In aspect thirty-seven, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to thirty-sixth aspects, sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an RRC configuration including information associated with corresponding resources from the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the RRC configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0219] although Fig. 9 An example block diagram of process 900 is shown, but in some aspects, process 900 may include Fig. 9 Additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted in the process 900. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks in the process 900 may be performed in parallel.

[0220] Fig.101 is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus 1000 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1000 may be a UE, or a UE may include apparatus 1000. In some aspects, apparatus 1000 includes a receiving component 1002 and a transmitting component 1004 that may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1000 may communicate with another apparatus 1006 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1002 and transmitting component 1004. As further shown, apparatus 1000 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include one or more of a measurement component 1008 and / or a prediction component 1010, etc.

[0221] In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Figure 8 In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 and / or Fig.10 One or more of the components shown in the figure may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more components of the UE. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 One or more of the components shown in the figure may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as an instruction or code that is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0222] The receiving component 1002 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 1006. The receiving component 1002 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1000. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1000. In some aspects, the receiving component 1002 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiving processors, controllers / processors, memories or combinations thereof of the UE.

[0223] The transmitting component 1004 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1006. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1000 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1004 for transmission to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1006. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1004 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE. In some aspects, the transmit component 1004 can be co-located with the receive component 1002 in a transceiver.

[0224] The receiving component 1002 may receive an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources from a network node, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The sending component 1004 may send a CSI report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources to the network node, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the apparatus 1000, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the apparatus 1000 based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0225] The measuring component 1008 can measure the first set of resources to obtain first one or more measurements. The predicting component 1010 can determine second one or more measurements based at least in part on the first one or more measurements and the one or more connections.

[0226] Receiving component 1002 can receive an indication of a TCI state associated with a QCL source reference associated with at least one resource from a second set of resources.

[0227] Fig.10 The number and arrangement of components shown in the figure are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.10 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown in FIG. Fig.10Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.10 The single component shown in may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.10 The assembly of (one or more) components shown in the executable is described as being composed of Fig.10 Another collection of components shown in the figure performs one or more functions.

[0228] Fig.11 1 is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus 1100 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1100 may be a network node, or a network node may include apparatus 1100. In some aspects, apparatus 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a sending component 1104 that may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1102 and sending component 1104. As further shown, apparatus 1100 may include a communication manager 150. Communication manager 150 may include a determining component 1108, among other things.

[0229] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more of the processes described herein (such as Fig. 9 In some aspects, Fig.11 The device 1100 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 One or more of the components shown in the figure may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as an instruction or code that is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and can be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0230] The receiving component 1102 may receive communications from the device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof, of the described network nodes.

[0231] The transmitting component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1100 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1104 for transmission to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the described network nodes. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 can be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0232] The sending component 1104 may send an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include a connection associated with a resource included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connection is defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources. The receiving component 1102 may receive a CSI report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0233] Transmitting component 1104 can transmit an indication of a TCI state associated with a QCL source reference associated with at least one resource from a second set of resources.

[0234] Determining component 1108 can determine one or more connections based at least in part on beamforming used to transmit communications to the mobile station.

[0235] Fig.11 The number and arrangement of components shown in the figure are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.11 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown in FIG. Fig.11 Two or more components shown in may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.11 The single component shown in may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 The assembly of (one or more) components shown in the executable is described as being composed of Fig.11 Another collection of components shown in the figure performs one or more functions.

[0236] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0237] Aspect 1: A wireless communication method performed by a mobile station, the method comprising: receiving, by the mobile station and from a network node, an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first resource set or the second resource set, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set; and sending, by the mobile station and to the network node, a channel state information (CSI) report indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein a first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set are measured by the mobile station, and wherein a second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second resource set are predicted by the mobile station at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0238] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the connection indicates a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of the one or more resources included in the different resource sets.

[0239] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the first set of resources is a channel measurement resource used for the CSI report, and wherein the reporting amount associated with the CSI report is at least partially based on the second set of resources.

[0240] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein the first resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0241] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, wherein the second resource set includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0242] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the second resource set includes one or more virtual resources.

[0243] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the resources included in the second resource set are quasi-co-located (QCL) source resources for sending a configuration indicator (TCI) status.

[0244] Aspect 8: The method according to aspect 7, wherein the QCL source resource is a type D QCL source resource.

[0245] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the one or more connections include graph-based connections.

[0246] Aspect 10: A method according to Aspect 9, wherein the graph associated with the graph-based connection includes nodes for corresponding resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set, and one or more edges, wherein a first edge from the one or more edges indicates a connection between a first node associated with the first resource set and a second node associated with the second resource set.

[0247] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein the second node is further associated with a second edge, the second edge indicating a connection between the second node and a third node associated with the first set of resources.

[0248] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 10 to 11, wherein each of the one or more edges indicates a probability level or a strength level of a spatial connection between two nodes associated with different resource sets from the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0249] Aspect 13: A method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 12, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency matrix of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix.

[0250] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, wherein the corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix indicate a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0251] Aspect 15: A method according to any one of Aspects 9 to 14, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency list of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes of the adjacency list.

[0252] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, wherein the corresponding neighboring node indicates a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0253] Aspect 17: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource sets.

[0254] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the connection indicates that a first beamwidth of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beamwidth of the second beam.

[0255] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, wherein a beamwidth from the first beamwidth or the second beamwidth comprises an angular spread associated with a threshold-satisfying attenuation difference of a peak beamforming gain from a beam associated with the beamwidth.

[0256] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 19, wherein the value of the threshold is included in the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

[0257] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 19 to 20, wherein the threshold comprises a first threshold associated with the first set of resources and a second threshold associated with the second set of resources.

[0258] Aspect 22: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the one or more connections include connections based on linear combinations.

[0259] Aspect 23: A method according to Aspect 22, wherein the resource is included in the second resource set and the one or more resources are included in the first resource set, and wherein the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0260] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23, wherein the linear combination is associated with a linear combination coefficient, and the linear combination coefficient is associated with a corresponding resource from the one or more resources.

[0261] Aspect 25: The method according to Aspect 24, wherein the linear combination coefficients are amplitude and phase coefficients.

[0262] Aspect 26: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 25, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of a matrix indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the matrix.

[0263] Aspect 27: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 26, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of a codebook matrix associated with the first resource set and the second resource set and a polarization matrix, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix.

[0264] Aspect 28: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 27, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving an indication of an adjacency list indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0265] Aspect 29: A method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 28, wherein the resource is included in the first resource set and the one or more resources are included in the second resource set, and wherein the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0266] Aspect 30: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 29, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a configuration for the CSI report, wherein the configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0267] Aspect 31: A method according to Aspect 30, wherein the configuration for the CSI report indicates that the first resource set is a channel measurement resource associated with the CSI report, and the second resource set is a reference associated with a reporting quantity associated with the CSI report.

[0268] Aspect 32: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 31, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a CSI report setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI report setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0269] Aspect 33: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 32, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a CSI resource setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI report setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0270] Aspect 34: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 33, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) communication that activates the sending of the CSI report, wherein the MAC-CE communication includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0271] Aspect 35: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 34, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving downlink control information that triggers a trigger state associated with the CSI report, wherein the trigger state includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0272] Aspect 36: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 1 to 35, the method also includes: receiving an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state associated with a quasi co-site (QCL) source reference, wherein the quasi co-site (QCL) source reference is associated with at least one resource from the second resource set.

[0273] Aspect 37: A method according to Aspect 36, wherein the TCI state is a known TCI state based at least in part on a measurement value associated with the at least one resource, the measurement value included in the second one or more measurement values ​​included in the CSI report.

[0274] Aspect 38: A method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 37, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: receiving a radio resource control (RRC) configuration including information associated with corresponding resources from the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the RRC configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0275] Aspect 39: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending, by the network node, an indication of a first resource set and a second resource set and an indication of one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first resource set or the second resource set, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first resource set or the second resource set; and receiving, by the network node, a channel state information (CSI) report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first resource set are measured, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second resource set are predicted at least in part based on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

[0276] Aspect 40: A method according to aspect 39, wherein the connection indicates a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of the one or more resources included in the different resource set.

[0277] Aspect 41: A method according to any one of aspects 39 to 40, wherein the first set of resources is a channel measurement resource used for the CSI report, and wherein the reporting amount associated with the CSI report is based at least in part on the second set of resources.

[0278] Aspect 42: A method according to any one of aspects 39 to 41, wherein the first set of resources includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0279] Aspect 43: A method according to any one of aspects 39 to 42, wherein the second set of resources includes one or more downlink reference signal resources.

[0280] Aspect 44: The method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 43, wherein the second set of resources includes one or more virtual resources.

[0281] Aspect 45: A method according to any one of aspects 39 to 44, wherein the resources included in the second set of resources are quasi-co-located (QCL) source resources for sending a configuration indicator (TCI) status.

[0282] Aspect 46: The method according to aspect 45, wherein the QCL source resource is a type DQCL source resource.

[0283] Aspect 47: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 46, wherein the one or more connections include graph-based connections.

[0284] Aspect 48: A method according to Aspect 47, wherein the graph associated with the graph-based connection includes nodes for corresponding resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set, and one or more edges, wherein a first edge from the one or more edges indicates a connection between a first node associated with the first resource set and a second node associated with the second resource set.

[0285] Aspect 49: The method according to aspect 48, wherein the second node is further associated with a second edge, the second edge indicating a connection between the second node and a third node associated with the first set of resources.

[0286] Aspect 50: A method according to any one of Aspects 48 to 49, wherein each of the one or more edges indicates a probability level or a strength level of a spatial connection between two nodes associated with different resource sets from the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0287] Aspect 51: A method according to any one of Aspects 47 to 50, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency matrix of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix.

[0288] Aspect 52: The method according to Aspect 51, wherein the corresponding elements of the adjacency matrix indicate a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0289] Aspect 53: A method according to any one of Aspects 47 to 52, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency list of a graph associated with the graph-based connections, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes of the adjacency list.

[0290] Aspect 54: The method according to Aspect 53, wherein the corresponding neighboring node indicates a probability level or a strength level associated with the one or more connections.

[0291] Aspect 55: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 54, wherein the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource sets.

[0292] Aspect 56: The method according to aspect 55, wherein the connection indicates that a first beamwidth of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beamwidth of the second beam.

[0293] Aspect 57: A method according to Aspect 56, wherein a beamwidth from the first beamwidth or the second beamwidth includes an angular spread, the angular spread being associated with a threshold-satisfying attenuation difference of a peak beamforming gain from a beam associated with the beamwidth.

[0294] Aspect 58: The method according to aspect 57, wherein the value of the threshold is included in the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

[0295] Aspect 59: The method according to any one of aspects 57 to 58, wherein the threshold comprises a first threshold associated with the first set of resources and a second threshold associated with the second set of resources.

[0296] Aspect 60: A method according to any one of aspects 39 to 46, wherein the one or more connections include connections based on linear combinations.

[0297] Aspect 61: A method according to aspect 60, wherein the resource is included in the second resource set and the one or more resources are included in the first resource set, and wherein the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0298] Aspect 62: The method according to aspect 61, wherein the linear combination is associated with a linear combination coefficient, and the linear combination coefficient is associated with a corresponding resource from the one or more resources.

[0299] Aspect 63: The method according to Aspect 62, wherein the linear combination coefficients are amplitude and phase coefficients.

[0300] Aspect 64: A method according to any one of Aspects 60 to 63, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of a matrix indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by the corresponding elements of the matrix.

[0301] Aspect 65: A method according to any one of Aspects 60 to 64, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of a codebook matrix associated with the first resource set and the second resource set and a polarization matrix, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix.

[0302] Aspect 66: A method according to any one of Aspects 60 to 65, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending an indication of an adjacency list indicating the linear combination-based connections, wherein the linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

[0303] Aspect 67: A method according to any one of Aspects 60 to 66, wherein the resource is included in the first resource set and the one or more resources are included in the second resource set, and wherein the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

[0304] Aspect 68: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 67, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a configuration for the CSI report, wherein the configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0305] Aspect 69: A method according to Aspect 68, wherein the configuration for the CSI report indicates that the first resource set is a channel measurement resource associated with the CSI report, and the second resource set is a reference associated with a reporting quantity associated with the CSI report.

[0306] Aspect 70: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 69, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a CSI report setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI report setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0307] Aspect 71: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 70, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a CSI resource setting associated with the CSI report, wherein the CSI resource setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0308] Aspect 72: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 71, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) communication that activates the sending of the CSI report, wherein the MAC-CE communication includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0309] Aspect 73: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 72, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending downlink control information that triggers a trigger state associated with the CSI report, wherein the trigger state includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0310] Aspect 74: According to the method described in any one of Aspects 39 to 73, the method also includes: sending an indication of a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state associated with a quasi co-site (QCL) source reference, wherein the quasi co-site (QCL) source reference is associated with at least one resource from the second resource set.

[0311] Aspect 75: A method according to Aspect 74, wherein the TCI state is a known TCI state based at least in part on a measurement value associated with the at least one resource, the measurement value included in the second one or more measurement values ​​included in the CSI report.

[0312] Aspect 76: A method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 75, wherein sending the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set includes: sending a radio resource control (RRC) configuration including information associated with corresponding resources from the first resource set and the second resource set, wherein the RRC configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first resource set and the second resource set.

[0313] Aspect 77: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 1 to 38.

[0314] Aspect 78: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 38.

[0315] Aspect 79: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 38.

[0316] Aspect 80: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 38.

[0317] Aspect 81: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 1 to 38.

[0318] Aspect 82: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 39 to 76.

[0319] Aspect 83: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 39 to 76.

[0320] Aspect 84: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 39 to 76.

[0321] Aspect 85: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 39 to 76.

[0322] Aspect 86: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 39 to 76.

[0323] While the foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of these aspects.

[0324] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other names, "software" should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software. It will be clear that the system and / or method described herein can be implemented by a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software in different forms. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods does not limit various aspects. Therefore, there is no reference to a specific software code to describe the operation and behavior of the system and / or method herein, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the system and / or method based at least in part on the description herein.

[0325] As used herein, "satisfying a threshold" may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0326] Although the specific combination of features is set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features can be combined in a manner that is not specifically described in the claims and / or is not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim combined with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase "at least one of" the list of items refers to any combination of these items (it includes a single member). As an example, "at least one of a, b or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c and a+b+c, and any combination with multiple identical elements (for example, a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b and c).

[0327] Any element, action or instruction used herein should not be interpreted as key or necessary, unless otherwise explicitly stated. In addition, as used herein, the articles "one" and "a kind of" are intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "said" is intended to include one or more items connected to the article "said", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". If only one item is intended to be referred to, the phrase "only one" or similar terms are used. In addition, as used herein, the terms "have", "have", "have" etc. are intended to be open terms, which do not limit the elements they modify (for example, "having" A elements can also have B). In addition, the phrase "based on" is intended to represent "based at least in part", unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be open-ended and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless explicitly stated otherwise (eg, if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. A mobile station for wireless communication, the mobile station comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, to: receiving, from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a different set of resources than the first set of resources or the second set of resources; as well as sending a channel state information (CSI) report to the network node indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

2. The mobile station of claim 1, wherein the first set of resources are channel measurement resources used for the CSI report, and wherein a reporting amount associated with the CSI report is based at least in part on the second set of resources.

3. The mobile station of claim 1, wherein the resources included in the second resource set are quasi co-located (QCL) source resources for transmitting a configuration indicator (TCI) status. The mobile station of claim 1 , wherein the one or more connections comprise a graph-based connection.

5. A mobile station according to claim 4, wherein the graph associated with the graph-based connection includes nodes for corresponding resources included in the first resource set and the second resource set, and one or more edges, wherein a first edge from the one or more edges indicates a connection between a first node associated with the first resource set and a second node associated with the second resource set.

6. The mobile station of claim 4, wherein to receive the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, the one or more processors are configured to: An indication of an adjacency matrix indicating a graph associated with the graph-based connections is received, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by respective elements of the adjacency matrix.

7. The mobile station of claim 4, wherein to receive the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, the one or more processors are configured to: An indication of an adjacency list indicating a graph associated with the graph-based connections is received, wherein the one or more connections are indicated by respective adjacent nodes in the adjacency list.

8. A mobile station according to claim 1, wherein the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource sets, wherein the connection indicates a first beam width of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beam width of the second beam.

9. The mobile station of claim 8, wherein a beamwidth from the first beamwidth or the second beamwidth comprises an angular spread associated with a threshold-satisfying attenuation difference of a peak beamforming gain from a beam associated with the beamwidth.

10. A mobile station according to claim 1, wherein the one or more connections include a connection based on a linear combination, wherein the resource is included in the second resource set and the one or more resources are included in the first resource set, and wherein the linear combination-based connection indicates that the connection is associated with a linear combination of the one or more resources.

11. The mobile station of claim 10, wherein to receive the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, the one or more processors are configured to: An indication of a matrix indicative of the linear combination based concatenation is received, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by respective elements of the matrix.

12. The mobile station of claim 10, wherein to receive the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, the one or more processors are configured to: An indication of a codebook matrix associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources and a polarization matrix is ​​received, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding elements of the codebook matrix.

13. The mobile station of claim 10, wherein to receive the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, the one or more processors are configured to: An indication of an adjacency list indicating the linear combination-based connection is received, wherein linear combination coefficients are indicated by corresponding neighboring nodes in the adjacency list.

14. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, to: sending an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a resource set different from the first set of resources or the second set of resources; as well as Receiving a channel state information (CSI) report associated with a mobile station indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connection predictions.

15. The network node of claim 14, wherein the connection indicates a relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam of the one or more resources included in the different set of resources.

16. A method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station, the method comprising: receiving, by the mobile station and from a network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a different set of resources than the first set of resources or the second set of resources; as well as A channel state information (CSI) report is sent by the mobile station and to the network node indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured by the mobile station, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are predicted by the mobile station based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connections.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first set of resources are channel measurement resources used for the CSI report, and wherein a reporting amount associated with the CSI report is based at least in part on the second set of resources.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the resources included in the second set of resources are quasi-co-located (QCL) source resources for transmitting a configuration indicator (TCI) status. The method of claim 16 , wherein the one or more connections comprise graph-based connections.

20. A method according to claim 16, wherein the connection indicates a spatial superposition relationship between a first spatial direction or a first beam associated with the resource and a second spatial direction or a second beam associated with the one or more resources included in the different resource sets, wherein the connection indicates a first beam width of the first beam associated with the resource overlaps with a second beam width of the second beam.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein the one or more connections include connections based on linear combinations.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: A configuration for the CSI reporting is received, wherein the configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: A CSI reporting setting associated with the CSI report is received, wherein the CSI reporting setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: A CSI resource setting associated with the CSI report is received, wherein the CSI resource setting includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: A medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) communication is received that activates transmission of the CSI report, wherein the MAC-CE communication includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

26. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: Downlink control information is received that triggers a triggering state associated with the CSI report, wherein the triggering state includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

27. The method according to claim 16, further comprising: An indication of a transmit configuration indicator (TCI) state associated with a quasi co-located (QCL) source reference associated with at least one resource from the second set of resources is received.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the TCI state is a known TCI state based at least in part on measurements associated with the at least one resource, the measurements included in the second one or more measurements included in the CSI report.

29. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources comprises: A radio resource control (RRC) configuration including information associated with respective resources from the first set of resources and the second set of resources is received, wherein the RRC configuration includes the indication of the one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources.

30. A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending, by the network node, an indication of a first set of resources and a second set of resources and an indication of one or more connections between the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein the one or more connections include connections associated with resources included in the first set of resources or the second set of resources, and wherein the connections are defined relative to one or more resources included in a different set of resources than the first set of resources or the second set of resources; as well as A channel state information (CSI) report associated with a mobile station is received by the network node indicating measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources and the second set of resources, wherein first one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the first set of resources are measured, and wherein second one or more measurement values ​​from the measurement values ​​associated with the second set of resources are based at least in part on the first one or more measurement values ​​and the one or more connection predictions.

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