Dryopteris obscura extract, preparation method thereof and application of dryopteris obscura extract in preparation of anti-cancer drugs

Abstract

The invention discloses a dryopteris obscura extract as well as a preparation method and application thereof in preparation of anti-cancer drugs. The preparation method of the dryopteris obscura extract comprises the following steps: extracting dryopteris obscura by using ethanol, and after the extraction is finished, concentrating and drying an extracting solution to obtain the dryopteris obscura ethanol extract; the preparation method comprises the following steps: suspending the dryopteris obscura ethanol extract in water, and extracting with petroleum ether to obtain petroleum ether extract; concentrating and drying the petroleum ether extracting solution to obtain a dryopteris obscura extract; and taking the dryopteris obscura extract to obtain the dryopteris obscura extract. Research shows that the dryopteris obscura extract prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has an anti-liver cancer effect; therefore, the dryopteris obscura extract disclosed by the invention has important application value when being used as an active ingredient for preparing the medicine with the anti-liver cancer effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of natural drug chemistry, and in particular to a Dryopteris umbellata extract, a preparation method thereof, and application thereof in the preparation of anticancer drugs. Background Art

[0002] Liver cancer is the most common digestive system malignancy worldwide and a major health challenge facing the world. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Treatments for liver cancer mainly include liver resection, liver transplantation, ablation, intravascular intervention, and systemic anti-tumor therapy. However, liver cancer has an insidious onset, and less than 30% of liver cancer patients are suitable for radical treatment when first diagnosed. Therefore, systemic anti-tumor therapy, including molecular targeted drug therapy, chemotherapy, and traditional Chinese medicine, plays an important role in the treatment of advanced liver cancer. According to statistics, about 70% of the anti-tumor drugs on the market are derived from natural products or their derivatives. Therefore, finding new anti-liver cancer drugs from traditional Chinese medicine or natural herbs can provide a new strategy for the treatment of liver cancer.

[0003] Dryopteris atrata is a plant of the Dryopteris genus of the Dryopteridaceae family, and is produced in provinces and regions south of the Yangtze River in my country. Its rhizome is used as medicine, and it is cold in nature and bitter in taste. The Xinhua Compendium of Materia Medica records that its functions and indications are to treat functional uterine bleeding and expel ascaris. However, there is no report on the use of Dryopteris atrata for anti-liver cancer effects. Therefore, using the traditional Chinese medicine Dryopteris atrata as a raw material, developing an extract with anti-liver cancer effects, especially an extract with excellent anti-liver cancer effects, has important application value. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a Dryopteris umbellata extract and a preparation method thereof and an application thereof in the preparation of anticancer drugs.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention first provides a method for preparing a Dryopteris umbellata extract, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Extracting Dryopteris umbellata with ethanol, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract;

[0008] The ethanol extract of Dryopteris umbellata is suspended in water, and then extracted with petroleum ether to obtain a petroleum ether extract; the petroleum ether extract is concentrated and dried to obtain a Dryopteris umbellata extract; and the Dryopteris umbellata extract is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0009] The inventors surprisingly found in their research that the Dryopteris umbellata extract prepared by the method of the present invention has an anti-liver cancer effect.

[0010] Preferably, the ethanol refers to an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 50% to 95%;

[0011] Most preferably, the ethanol refers to an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95%.

[0012] Preferably, the usage ratio of ethanol to Dryopteris obscurus is 8-20L:1Kg.

[0013] Preferably, the dosage ratio of Dryopteris obscurus ethanol extract to water is 1Kg:0.1-1L; the volume ratio of petroleum ether to suspension is 3-10:1;

[0014] Most preferably, the dosage ratio of Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract to water is 1 Kg:0.3 L; and the volume ratio of petroleum ether to the suspension is 5:1.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:

[0016] The extract of Dryopteris umbelliferus is placed on a silica gel column, and firstly eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:4 to 100:6 for 5 to 15 times of the column volume to obtain an eluent A; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:15 to 100:25 for 5 to 15 times of the column volume to obtain an eluent B; the eluent B is concentrated and dried to obtain an effective part of silica gel column chromatography of Dryopteris umbelliferus, and the effective part of silica gel column chromatography of Dryopteris umbelliferus is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbelliferus extract.

[0017] Most preferably, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:

[0018] The extract of Dryopteris umbellata is loaded onto a silica gel column, and firstly eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume to obtain an eluent A; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume to obtain an eluent B; the eluent B is concentrated and dried to obtain an effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography, and the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0019] The inventors further discovered in the study that the anti-liver cancer effect of the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata prepared by eluting the extract of Dryopteris umbellata under the silica gel column elution conditions of the present invention was greatly improved.

[0020] The inventors also found in the study that the selection of elution conditions in the silica gel column elution method of the present invention is very critical. Only when the effective fraction of Dryopteris davidiana silica gel column chromatography prepared by elution under the above silica gel column elution conditions of the present invention can its anti-liver cancer effect be greatly improved. However, the anti-liver cancer effect of the effective fraction of Dryopteris davidiana silica gel column chromatography prepared by elution under other silica gel column elution conditions may not necessarily be greatly improved.

[0021] Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:

[0022] The effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is placed on an ODS column, and eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 60:40 to 75:25 for 10 to 30 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; and then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 80:20 to 90:10 for 10 to 30 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; the eluent Y is concentrated and dried to obtain the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography, and the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0023] Most preferably, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:

[0024] The effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is placed on an ODS column, and eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 70:30 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 85:15 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; the eluent Y is concentrated and dried to obtain the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography, and the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0025] The inventors further discovered in the study that the anti-liver cancer effect of the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata prepared by further eluting the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata silica column chromatography under the ODS column elution conditions described in the present invention was further greatly improved; its anti-liver cancer effect was better than cisplatin and had a very excellent anti-liver cancer effect.

[0026] The inventors also found in the study that the selection of elution conditions in the ODS column elution method of the present invention is very critical. Only when the effective fraction of Dryopteris scalyii ODS column chromatography prepared by eluting under the above-mentioned ODS column elution conditions of the present invention can its anti-liver cancer effect be further significantly improved, and its anti-liver cancer effect can be better than cisplatin; while the effective fraction of Dryopteris scalyii ODS column chromatography prepared by eluting under other ODS column elution conditions may not necessarily be further significantly improved, and its anti-liver cancer effect cannot be better than cisplatin.

[0027] The present invention also provides a Dryopteris obesa extract prepared by the above preparation method.

[0028] The present invention also provides a use of the Dryopteris obesa extract in preparing anticancer drugs.

[0029] Preferably, the cancer is liver cancer.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a novel method for preparing a Dryopteris umbellifer extract; studies have shown that the Dryopteris umbellifer extract prepared by the method of the present invention has an anti-liver cancer effect; especially the Dryopteris umbellifer extract prepared under the optimal conditions of the present invention has a very excellent anti-liver cancer effect, and its anti-liver cancer effect is better than cisplatin; therefore, using the Dryopteris umbellifer extract of the present invention as an active ingredient for preparing a drug with an anti-liver cancer effect has important application value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form.

[0032] Example 1 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0033] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0034] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0035] The Dryopteris scaly extract is taken to obtain the Dryopteris scaly extract.

[0036] Example 2 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0037] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0038] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0039] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent A; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0040] The effective part of Dryopteris umbellata is subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0041] Example 3 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0042] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0043] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0044] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent A; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0045] (4) placing the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography on an ODS column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 70:30 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 85:15 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; taking the eluent Y, concentrating and drying it, and obtaining the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography;

[0046] The Dryopteris umbellata extract is obtained by subjecting the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata to ODS column chromatography.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0048] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0049] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0050] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:2 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain an eluent A; and then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain an eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0051] The effective part of Dryopteris umbellata is subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0053] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0054] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0055] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:15 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent A; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:30 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0056] The effective part of Dryopteris umbellata is subjected to silica gel column chromatography to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

[0057] Comparative Example 3 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellatae Extract

[0058] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0059] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0060] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent A; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0061] (4) placing the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata on an ODS column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 60:40 for 20 times the column volume, to obtain an eluent X; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 70:30 for 20 times the column volume, to obtain an eluent Y; taking the eluent Y, concentrating and drying it, to obtain the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata on an ODS column;

[0062] The Dryopteris umbellata extract is obtained by subjecting the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata to ODS column chromatography.

[0063] Comparative Example 4 Preparation of Dryopteris umbellata Extract

[0064] (1) extracting the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata by immersion in an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 95% for 3 days, and concentrating and drying the extract after the extraction to obtain the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; the ratio of the ethanol aqueous solution to the dark scale Dryopteris umbellata is 10L:1Kg;

[0065] (2) suspending the ethanol extract of Dryopteris scaly obtained in step (1) in water, with the ratio of water to extract being 0.3 L:1 kg, extracting with petroleum ether 5 times the volume of the suspension, absorbing the petroleum ether layer extract, recovering and concentrating it; repeating the extraction and recovery steps 4 times, combining the extracts to obtain a Dryopteris scaly extract;

[0066] (3) applying the extract of Dryopteris scaly to a silica gel column, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent A; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume, to obtain eluent B, and concentrating and drying the eluent B to obtain an effective fraction of Dryopteris scaly by silica gel column chromatography;

[0067] (4) placing the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata on an ODS column by silica gel column chromatography, first eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 30:70 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; then eluting with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 50:50 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; taking the eluent Y, concentrating and drying it, and obtaining the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata on an ODS column chromatography;

[0068] The Dryopteris umbellata extract is obtained by subjecting the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata to ODS column chromatography.

[0069] Experimental Example 1 Anti-liver cancer activity test

[0070] Test drugs: the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Example 1 (experimental group 1), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Example 2 (experimental group 2), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Example 3 (experimental group 3), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 1 (experimental group 4), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 2 (experimental group 5), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 3 (experimental group 6), the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 4 (experimental group 6) and cisplatin (control group).

[0071] Experimental methods:

[0072] HepG2 cells were diluted to 1×10 5 / well were inoculated in a 96-well plate, placed in a constant temperature incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2, and cultured for 24 hours; when the cells reached 90% confluence, the supernatant was discarded, and then a series of gradient concentrations of extract solutions of different experimental groups were added, with three replicates for each concentration, and a blank control group (adding an equal volume of fresh culture medium) and a positive control group (cisplatin) were set up; after incubation for 72 hours, 20 μL of pre-prepared 0.5% MTT solution was added to each well, and then incubated in a constant temperature incubator for 6 hours; the cell supernatant was aspirated and discarded, 100 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide was added to each well, and shaken for 10 minutes; the absorbance of each well at 570 nm was measured using an enzyme marker; the experiment was repeated three times, and the half-inhibitory concentration of different extracts on HepG2 cell proliferation, i.e., IC 50 The specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1. Anti-HepG2 activity test results

[0074]

[0075] It can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the Dryopteris umbellata extracts prepared in Examples 1 to 3 all showed anti-liver cancer effects.

[0076] It can also be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the IC value of the Dryopteris oleraceus extract prepared in Example 2 for HepG2 is 50 The value is much smaller than that of the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared in Example 1; this indicates that the anti-liver cancer effect of the dark scale Dryopteris silica gel column chromatography effective fraction prepared by eluting the dark scale Dryopteris extract under the silica gel column elution conditions described in the present invention has been greatly improved.

[0077] It can also be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the IC values ​​of the Dryopteris scaly extracts prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 for HepG2 50 The value is not much reduced compared with the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared in Example 1, and its reduction is much smaller than that of the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared in Example 2; this shows that the selection of elution conditions in the silica gel column elution method of the present invention is very critical, and only when the dark scale Dryopteris silica gel column chromatography effective fraction prepared by elution under the above-mentioned silica gel column elution conditions of the present invention can its anti-liver cancer effect be greatly improved; and the dark scale Dryopteris silica gel column chromatography effective fraction prepared by elution under other silica gel column elution conditions, its anti-liver cancer effect may not necessarily be greatly improved.

[0078] It can also be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the IC value of the Dryopteris oleraceus extract prepared in Example 3 for HepG2 is 50 The value is further significantly lower than that of the dark scale Dryopteris oleraceus extract prepared in Example 2, and its IC 50The value is also smaller than that of cisplatin; this indicates that the anti-liver cancer effect of the effective fraction of Dryopteris davidiana ODS column chromatography prepared by further eluting the effective fraction of Dryopteris davidiana silica column chromatography under the ODS column elution conditions described in the present invention has been further greatly improved; its anti-liver cancer effect is better than that of cisplatin, and has a very excellent anti-liver cancer effect.

[0079] It can also be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the IC values ​​of the Dryopteris scaly extracts prepared in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 for HepG2 50 The value is not much reduced compared with the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared in Example 2, and its reduction is much smaller than that of the dark scale Dryopteris extract prepared in Example 3; this shows that: the selection of elution conditions in the ODS column elution method of the present invention is very critical, and only when the dark scale Dryopteris ODS column chromatography effective fraction prepared by eluting under the above-mentioned ODS column elution conditions of the present invention can its anti-liver cancer effect be further greatly improved, and its anti-liver cancer effect can be better than cisplatin; and the dark scale Dryopteris ODS column chromatography effective fraction prepared by eluting under other ODS column elution conditions, its anti-liver cancer effect may not be further greatly improved, and its anti-liver cancer effect cannot be better than cisplatin.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a Dryopteris obesa extract, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Extracting Dryopteris umbellata with ethanol, concentrating and drying the extract to obtain Dryopteris umbellata ethanol extract; The ethanol extract of Dryopteris umbellata is suspended in water, and then extracted with petroleum ether to obtain a petroleum ether extract; the petroleum ether extract is concentrated and dried to obtain a Dryopteris umbellata extract; and the Dryopteris umbellata extract is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

2. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ethanol mentioned above refers to an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 50% to 95%.

3. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of ethanol to Dryopteris obscurus is 8-20L:1Kg.

4. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage ratio of Dryopteris obesa ethanol extract to water is 1Kg:0.1-1L; the volume ratio of petroleum ether to the suspension is 3-10:

1.

5. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the following steps: The extract of Dryopteris umbelliferus is placed on a silica gel column, and firstly eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:4 to 100:6 for 5 to 15 times of the column volume to obtain an eluent A; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:15 to 100:25 for 5 to 15 times of the column volume to obtain an eluent B; the eluent B is concentrated and dried to obtain an effective part of silica gel column chromatography of Dryopteris umbelliferus, and the effective part of silica gel column chromatography of Dryopteris umbelliferus is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbelliferus extract.

6. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the following steps: The extract of Dryopteris umbellata is loaded onto a silica gel column, and firstly eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:5 for 10 times the column volume to obtain an eluent A; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 100:20 for 10 times the column volume to obtain an eluent B; the eluent B is concentrated and dried to obtain an effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography, and the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

7. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the following steps: The effective part of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is placed on an ODS column, and eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 60:40 to 75:25 for 10 to 30 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; and then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 80:20 to 90:10 for 10 to 30 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; the eluent Y is concentrated and dried to obtain the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography, and the effective part of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

8. The method for preparing the Dryopteris obesa extract according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises the following steps: The effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata silica gel column chromatography is placed on an ODS column, and eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 70:30 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent X; then eluted with a mixed solvent system consisting of methanol and water in a volume ratio of 85:15 for 20 times the column volume to obtain an eluent Y; the eluent Y is concentrated and dried to obtain the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography, and the effective fraction of Dryopteris umbellata ODS column chromatography is obtained to obtain the Dryopteris umbellata extract.

9. The Dryopteris umbellata extract prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the Dryopteris obesa extract of claim 9 in the preparation of anticancer drugs.

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