Energy storage system and control method thereof

Abstract

An energy storage system and a control method thereof, the energy storage system including: a housing including an opening formed therein and an accommodation space provided therein; a plurality of battery modules accommodated in the accommodating space; a door coupled to the housing and rotating, and configured to open and close the opening; a measurement unit configured to derive an environmental value by measuring at least one of a temperature, a gas concentration, or a pressure of the accommodation space in real time; and a control unit configured to compare the environmental value derived from the measurement unit with a predetermined limit value, where the control unit is configured to open the door when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent document claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0116864, filed on September 4, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention generally relates to an energy storage system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0004] An energy storage system (ESS) may be a device or system that can improve the efficiency of overall power usage by storing already generated power and can supply the stored power when power is needed.

[0005] As the demand for such energy storage systems increases, a technology for rapidly manufacturing and providing energy storage systems may be necessary. In particular, as energy storage systems are rapidly installed where needed, or as the required power value increases, an energy storage system with a movable structure may be necessary to rapidly expand the energy storage system.

[0006] When a fire occurs while the energy storage system is in use, the internal pressure of the energy storage system may increase due to gas caused by the fire in the casing, so that there may be a risk of explosion.

[0007] Therefore, the internal gas can be discharged through the vents that connect the internal area and the external area of ​​the housing. However, since the amount of gas that can be discharged through the vents is limited, it may be difficult to prevent a sharp increase in pressure in the housing due to heat propagation and the resulting explosion.

[0008] Therefore, a structure for efficiently preventing the explosion of the cabinet by appropriately opening the door of the cabinet may be necessary. Summary of the invention

[0009] One embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide an energy storage system that can prevent explosion caused by gas generated in a casing.

[0010] One embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide an energy storage system in which a door can be opened before the casing explodes according to the internal state of the casing.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an energy storage system includes: a shell including an opening formed therein and a storage space arranged therein; a plurality of battery modules, the plurality of battery modules being stored in the storage space; a door, the door being connected to the shell and rotating and being configured to open and close the opening; a measuring unit, the measuring unit being configured to derive an environmental value by measuring in real time at least one of a temperature, a gas concentration or a pressure of the storage space; and a control unit, the control unit being configured to compare the environmental value derived from the measuring unit with a predetermined limit value.

[0012] The control unit may be configured to open the door when determining that the environmental value exceeds the limit value.

[0013] When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the control unit may open the door after waiting for a predetermined standby time.

[0014] The standby time may be 60 seconds to 180 seconds.

[0015] The energy storage system may further include: a door locking unit, which is arranged on at least one of the door or the shell and is configured to maintain the opening of the door in a closed state, wherein, when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the control unit transmits an unlocking signal to the door locking unit, and wherein, when the unlocking signal is applied, the door locking unit releases the closed state of the door.

[0016] The energy storage system may further include a door actuator disposed on at least one of the door or the housing and configured to apply a force in a direction in which the door opens.

[0017] The door actuator may include a gas spring, one end and the other end of which are respectively disposed on the door and the housing and rotated.

[0018] The measuring unit may include at least one of: a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the accommodation space; a gas sensor configured to measure the concentration of gas in the accommodation space; or a pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure of the accommodation space, and the environmental value includes at least one of the measurement value of the temperature sensor, the measurement value of the gas sensor, or the measurement value of the pressure sensor.

[0019] The measuring unit may be provided on one surface of the door facing the accommodation space.

[0020] Among the temperature sensor, the gas sensor, and the pressure sensor, the gas sensor may be disposed on the highest level.

[0021] The energy storage system may further include a ventilation unit connecting the accommodation space to the outside and configured to exhaust gas from the accommodation space, wherein, among the temperature sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor, the gas sensor has the shortest distance from the ventilation unit.

[0022] The ventilation unit may include at least one of a first ventilation unit provided above the housing or a second ventilation unit provided on the door.

[0023] The measuring unit may be disposed on a level lower than the first ventilation unit, and may be disposed on a level higher than the second ventilation unit.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a control method for an energy storage system includes: a shell, the shell includes an opening arranged therein and includes a plurality of battery modules accommodated in its internal accommodation space; and a door, the door is configured to open and close the opening, the method including: a measurement operation of deriving an environmental value by measuring at least one of the temperature, gas concentration or pressure of the accommodation space in real time; an operation of comparing the environmental value with a predetermined limit value and determining whether the environmental value exceeds the limit value; and an operation of opening the door when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value.

[0025] The measuring operation may further include measuring a gas concentration in the housing space when a temperature of the housing space exceeds a predetermined temperature.

[0026] The limit value may be a condition corresponding to the environmental value and include at least one of 100 degrees Celsius or 10% of a lower flammable limit (LFL) in the accommodation space.

[0027] When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the standby state may be maintained for a predetermined standby time before the door is opened.

[0028] The standby time may be 60s to 180s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Preferred aspects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure are illustrated by the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of energy storage systems are connected to each other according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing that a door of an energy storage system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is opened;

[0032] Figure 3 is a perspective view showing an example in which battery cells are stacked in a battery module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 It is shown Figure 2 A magnified view of middle;

[0034] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is inserted into a housing;

[0035] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example in which a guide unit, a fixing member, and a door pushing portion are coupled to a cabinet according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 7 is a diagram showing an upper side of an internal frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing an upper frame of an energy storage system viewed from below according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of gas generated in an energy storage system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Fig.10 is a perspective view showing an energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view showing a second ventilation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 It shows Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of V2 in FIG.

[0042] Fig.13 is a diagram showing the exhaustion of gas to a second ventilation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.14 is a diagram showing that a door of a control structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is opened;

[0044] Fig.15 is a flow chart of a control method according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

[0045] Fig.16is a flow chart of a control method according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] With reference to the drawings, embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the embodiments.

[0047] These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present invention. It should be understood that the various embodiments of the present invention are different but not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, the structure, shape and size described as an example in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in another embodiment. Further, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, the position or arrangement of the elements in the embodiments may be modified. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be understood in a restrictive sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the full range of equivalents given by the attached claims and the claims that are appropriately interpreted.

[0048] In the accompanying drawings, the same elements will be indicated by the same reference numerals. For ease of description, the same reference numerals may be used in different embodiments. That is, even when components with the same reference numerals are shown in multiple drawings, the multiple drawings do not all refer to the same embodiment.

[0049] Expressions used in the singular include expressions in the plural unless they have obviously different meanings in the context. The terms "comprises", "including", "configured to", etc. in the description are used to indicate the existence of features, quantities, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof, and do not exclude the possibility of combining or adding one or more features, quantities, steps, operations, elements, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0050] In the following description, terms such as upper side, upper part, lower side, lower part, side surface, front surface, rear surface, etc. may be expressed relative to the direction indicated in the drawings and may be expressed differently when the direction of the component is changed.

[0051] The terms "first", "second", etc. may be used to distinguish one element from another element, and may not limit the order and / or importance or other related to the elements. In some cases, the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may be referred to as the first element, without departing from the scope of rights in the embodiments.

[0052] As an example, the order of use or arrangement of components combined with such ordinal numbers should not be limited by the numbers. Whenever necessary, each number can be used interchangeably.

[0053] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of energy storage systems are connected to each other according to one embodiment.

[0054] The energy storage system 10 in the embodiment may be configured as a device or system that stores electric energy and supplies the stored energy when electric power is required, and may be an energy storage system (ESS) including a battery cell therein.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 , a plurality of energy storage systems 10 in the embodiment may be electrically connected to each other. The energy storage system 10 in the embodiment may be used as an energy source for household purposes or industrial purposes.

[0056] The energy storage system 10 in the embodiment may include a battery module (100, see Figure 2 Specifically, the casing CB may include: a housing 200 in which the battery module 100 is stored in its internal accommodation space (S, see Figure 5 ), and an opening is formed on at least one side thereof; and a door 300, which is provided to open and close the opening of the housing 200 and close the accommodation space S. For example, the door 300 may be provided on the housing 200 and may rotate, and may open and close the opening of the housing 200 while rotating.

[0057] The cooling unit 400 may be provided in the door 300. The cooling unit 400 may be configured to supply a cooling medium into the housing 200 or to draw a cooling medium in the housing 200.

[0058] Here, the term “cooling medium” may refer to a cooling fluid such as gas or liquid that may cool the accommodation space S of the housing 200 and components accommodated in the accommodation space S (eg, the battery module 100 , etc.).

[0059] The cooling unit 400 may include an air conditioning device that may control the temperature and humidity of the inner space of the housing 200 so that the battery module 100 may operate in a suitable environment.

[0060] Also, the plurality of energy storage systems 10 may be electrically connected to each other through the connection portion 250. As an example, the connection portion may be exposed on one side surface of the case CB of one of the energy storage systems 10, and the connection portion may be connected to a connection portion of another adjacent energy storage system 10. Thus, the plurality of energy storage systems 10 may be electrically connected to each other, and a large capacity energy source may be realized.

[0061] Furthermore, the energy storage system 10 may include a connection portion 250 for electrically connecting to other adjacent energy storage systems. For example, the connection portion 250 may include a strip-shaped member formed of a conductive material and may be exposed to the external environment on one side of the housing 200.

[0062] The connection portion 250 may be electrically connected to the plurality of battery modules 100 disposed on the inner side of the housing 200, and may include a first connection portion (250a, see Figure 2 ) and a second connecting portion (250b, see Figure 2 ).

[0063] The energy storage system 10 may be electrically connected to other energy storage systems provided on both sides of the energy storage system 10 through the first connection portion 250 a and the second connection portion 250 b .

[0064] In the following description, the energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment will be described in more detail. Since the energy storage system 10 and the battery module 100 described below correspond to Figure 1 The energy storage system 10 and the battery module 100 are described herein, and therefore no overlapping description will be provided.

[0065] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing an energy storage system according to one embodiment with a door opened. Figure 3 is a perspective view showing an example in which battery cells are stacked in a battery module according to one embodiment.

[0066] refer to Figure 2 The case CB may include: a housing 200 including a receiving space S formed therein and having one side open; and a door 300 provided on the housing 200 and configured to open and close the opening of the housing 200. The plurality of battery modules 100 may be loaded into the receiving space (S, see Figure 5 )middle.

[0067] Also, the chassis CB may include a holder 210 provided in the case 200 so that the battery module 100 may be mounted on the holder 210 , and a plurality of battery modules 100 may be loaded into the accommodation space S through the holder 210 .

[0068] The case 200 may be a structure in which the battery module 100 may be accommodated. The case 200 may be provided as a box-shaped member to which an upper frame 201, a lower frame 202, and a plurality of side frames 203 are coupled, and include an opening.

[0069] The housing 200 may include a material having a predetermined hardness. For example, the housing 200 may include a metal material such as iron, aluminum, or stainless steel. In addition to metal, the material of the housing 200 may be any material that is strong enough to maintain the outer shape of the housing 200 and protect the battery module 100 therein.

[0070] The door 300 may be coupled to the opening of the housing 200 and may be opened and closed. For example, the door 300 may be hingedly coupled to rotate in the housing 200. When the door 300 rotates, the opening of the housing 200 may be opened and closed.

[0071] Moreover, the energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment may further include a cooling unit 400 including: a discharge portion 401 through which the cooling medium is discharged; and a suction portion 402 for sucking and recovering the cooling medium discharged from the discharge portion 401 .

[0072] In the cooling unit 400, the discharge portion 401 and the suction portion 402 may be arranged in the height direction (Z-axis direction in the figure), and the discharge portion 401 may be arranged at the lower end of the cooling unit 400, and the suction portion 402 into which the cooling medium is sucked may be arranged at the upper end of the cooling unit 400. Since the temperature of the cold cooling medium discharged from the discharge portion 401 may be gradually increased by heat exchange with the battery module 100 and may flow upward, efficient cooling flow may be achieved in the housing 200 by arranging the suction portion 402 at the upper end of the discharge portion 401.

[0073] Furthermore, the energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment may further include a guide unit 230 for guiding the flow of the cooling medium discharged from the cooling unit 400 into the housing 200. At least a portion of the guide unit 230 may have a plate shape and may be disposed on the rear surface of the cooling unit 400.

[0074] The guide unit 230 may be disposed between the cooling unit 400 and the battery module 100, and may prevent the cold cooling medium discharged from the discharge portion 401 from directly flowing into the suction portion 402. Therefore, the flow direction of the cold cooling medium discharged from the discharge portion 401 may be guided to point toward the battery module 100.

[0075] Also, the energy storage system 10 may further include an auxiliary guide unit 410 provided on the door 300. The auxiliary guide unit 410 may be configured to guide the flow of the cooling medium together with the guide unit 230.

[0076] The energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment may include a measuring unit 800 configured to measure environmental conditions in the accommodation space S, such as temperature and gas, and derive an environmental value.

[0077] The measuring unit 800 may include at least one of the following: a temperature sensor 801 configured to measure the temperature of the accommodation space S; a gas sensor 802 configured to measure the type and concentration of gas in the accommodation space S; and a pressure sensor 803 configured to measure the pressure of the accommodation space S.

[0078] The temperature sensor 801 , the gas sensor 802 , and the pressure sensor 803 can measure the temperature, gas, and pressure of the accommodation space S in real time, and can derive values ​​corresponding to the temperature, gas, and pressure among the environmental values.

[0079] The gas sensor 802 may sense gas generated when the battery module 100 is ignited. When the battery module 100 is ignited, hydrogen, methane gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor may be generated, and at least one of these gases may be a trace gas indicating that a fire has occurred in the battery module 100.

[0080] In other words, the gas sensor 802 may derive an environmental value by determining whether a trace amount of gas indicating that a fire has occurred is detected in the battery module 100 and measuring the concentration of the gas.

[0081] The environmental value derived by the measuring unit 800 may be transmitted to a control unit C, which will be described later, and the control unit C may open and close the door 300 in response to the environmental value.

[0082] Reference Figures 14 to 16 The method of opening the door 300 by the measuring unit 800 and the control unit C is described in more detail.

[0083] According to an embodiment, the door actuator 330 serves to apply a force in a direction in which the door 300 is opened, and the door locking unit 350 serves to fix the door 300 to the housing 200 so that the door 300 can remain closed to the housing 200 .

[0084] The door locking unit 350 may include a latch portion 351 provided on one of the door 300 or the housing 200 and a latch fixing portion 352 provided on the other of the door 300 or the housing 200 and engaged with the latch portion 351 .

[0085] As an example, the latch portion 351 may be provided to protrude from the side surface of the door 300 , and the latch fixing portion 352 may be provided to receive and fix the latch portion 351 to the housing 200 at a position corresponding thereto.

[0086] The latch fixing portion 352 can be controlled by a control unit C, which will be described later, so that the lock with the latch portion 351 can be released, and in this case, the door 300 can be opened by the door actuator 330 or the pressure of the accommodating space S, which will be described later.

[0087] The door locking unit 350 described above may be just one example, and any structure of an electronic locking device that may release the coupling between the door 300 and the housing 200 by a signal transmitted by the control unit C may be included in the embodiment.

[0088] Also, two pairs of door locking units 350 may be disposed adjacent to the upper and lower portions of the cabinet CB, respectively.

[0089] According to an embodiment, a door actuator 330 for applying a force in a direction in which the door 300 is opened may be further included.

[0090] refer to Figure 4 , the door actuator 330 may be provided on at least one of the housing 200 or the door 300 , and may apply a force in a direction in which the door 300 is opened.

[0091] As an example, the door actuator 330 may include a gas spring and may apply a force in a direction in which the door 300 is opened. The door actuator 330 may include a gas cylinder 331 containing gas or fluid therein, and a piston rod 332 at least partially inserted into the gas cylinder 331 and moving back and forth in an extending direction of the gas cylinder 331.

[0092] Also, a first bracket 333 coupled to the housing 200 on the end of the gas cylinder 331 and a second bracket 334 coupled to the door 300 on the end of the piston rod 332 may be included. The door actuator 330 may open the door 300 by rotating in opposite directions relative to the first bracket 333 and the second bracket 334 provided on both side ends.

[0093] However, this is merely an example, and the door actuator 330 in the embodiment may include any component configured to apply a force to the door 300 so that the door 300 can rotate in the opening direction.

[0094] refer to Figure 3 The battery module 100 may include one or more battery cells 112 for charging and discharging, and may be configured to store or generate electrical energy.

[0095] As an example, the battery cells 112 included in the battery module 100 may be configured as at least one of a pouch-type secondary battery, a cylindrical secondary battery, and a prismatic secondary battery.

[0096] Each of the battery modules 100 may include one or more submodules 110 , each submodule including a plurality of battery cells 112 .

[0097] According to an embodiment, the battery module 100 may include a module cover 120 on which one or more submodules 110 are stacked. The module cover 120 may cover at least one side of the one or more submodules 110. Also, the one or more submodules 110 may be stacked in a predetermined direction (X-axis direction in the drawing), and each submodule 110 may include a plurality of battery cells 112.

[0098] The submodule 110 may be provided with a plurality of battery cells 112 accommodated in a cell support member 111. As an example, in the cell support member 111, a plurality of cell receiving units 111a in the form of a quadrilateral frame surrounding a side portion of at least one battery cell 112 may be provided, and each of the cell receiving units 111a may accommodate a pair of battery cells 112.

[0099] The battery cell 112 may include an electrode assembly formed by stacking an anode, a cathode, and a separator, and a cell body member for accommodating the electrode assembly and forming an exterior of the battery cell 112 .

[0100] The electrode assembly according to the embodiment may be stacked in sequence while the separator is interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The electrode assembly may be a winding type, a stacking type, a Z-folding type, or a stack-folding type assembly.

[0101] In an embodiment, the unit support member 111 may include two unit receiving units 111a arranged along the height direction (Z-axis direction in the figure), and in each unit receiving unit 111a, a pair of battery cells 112 can be stacked and accommodated along the stacking direction of the submodule 110 (X-axis direction in the figure).

[0102] Moreover, the submodule 110 in the embodiment may further include a subcase 113 surrounding at least a portion of the plurality of battery cells 112 exposed to the outside of the cell support member 111. The subcase 113 may accommodate a pair of battery cells 112 stored in the cell receiving unit 111a of the cell support member 111.

[0103] Specifically, the sub-housing 113 may include a first plate 113a and two second plates 113b extending from both sides of the first plate 113a and arranged to face the surface of the battery cell 112 in the stacking direction (the X-axis direction in the figure). The sub-housing 113 may be coupled to the unit support member 111 so that a pair of battery cells 112 may be arranged in its internal space, and therefore, the second plates 113b on both sides of the sub-housing 113 may surround and cover the side surfaces of the pair of battery cells 112, and may pressurize the pair of battery cells 112 along the stacking direction (the X-axis direction in the figure).

[0104] However, Figure 3 The example shown in FIG. 1 is merely one example, and in other embodiments, the structure of the cell support member 111 or the number of battery cells 112 accommodated in the cell support member 111 may be different from the other shown embodiments.

[0105] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a battery module is inserted into a case according to one embodiment. Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a guide unit, a fixing member, and a door pushing portion are coupled to a cabinet according to one embodiment. Figure 7 is a diagram showing an upper side of an inner frame according to one embodiment.

[0106] Reference together Figures 5 to 7 , a plurality of battery modules 100 may be stacked at a predetermined distance from the accommodation space S in one direction.

[0107] As an example, with respect to the drawing, the battery module 100 may be inserted into the accommodation space S in the Y-axis direction through the opening of the case 200 , may be disposed in the holder 210 , and may be stacked in the Z-axis direction.

[0108] One or more holders 210 may be disposed between the upper frame 201 and the lower frame 202 of the housing.

[0109] The holder 210 may be provided as a structure extending from the accommodation space S along the direction in which the battery module 100 is inserted (the Y-axis direction in the figure), such as a shelf or a rail. A plurality of holders 210 may be arranged in the accommodation space S along the Z-axis direction, and thus, the battery modules 100 may be arranged in layers in the accommodation space S.

[0110] The extending direction of the holder 210 and the insertion direction of the battery module 100 are not limited thereto. As an example, the holder 210 may be provided to be inclined, and thus, the battery module may also be inserted into the accommodation space S in an inclined manner.

[0111] Also, according to an embodiment, the battery module 100 may further include a fixing member 211 for supporting and fixing the battery module 100 mounted on the holder 210 .

[0112] The fixing member 211 may be disposed on one surface of the battery module 100 so as to face a direction in which the battery module 100 is accommodated in the accommodation space S (the Y-axis direction in the drawing).

[0113] In other words, the fixing member 211 may be disposed between the door 300 and the battery module 100 and may fix one surface of the battery module 100 mounted on the holder 210 , thereby preventing the battery module 100 from being separated toward the opening when the door 300 is opened.

[0114] Moreover, in the housing 200, the battery modules 100 may be accommodated in multiple columns. As an example, the housing 200 may further include a partition 204 for partitioning the internal space S, and the retainer 210 may be disposed on the partition (204, see Figure 5 ) on both sides so that a plurality of 100 battery modules can be installed on the same level in the accommodating space S.

[0115] Also, the fixing member 211 may include a first fixing member 211 a and a second fixing member 211 b fastened to different portions of the battery module 100 .

[0116] As an example, the first fixing member 211a and the second fixing member 211b may be coupled to both sides of each battery module 100. The first fixing member 211a may be disposed close to one of the two sides of the battery module 100, and the second fixing member 211b may be disposed close to the other of the two sides of the battery module 100 and may support the battery module 100.

[0117] When a fire occurs in the case CB, there may be a risk that the battery module 100 or the electrical components E in the case CB may be damaged by the flame. Here, the electrical components E may refer to a control device related to charging and discharging of the energy storage system 10 and a circuit substrate connected thereto, such as a signal transmission device, a battery management system (BMS), various types of sensors including a voltage sensor for controlling the battery module 100, and a control unit C.

[0118] Moreover, the energy storage system 10 in the embodiment may further include a fire extinguishing unit 700 for rapidly extinguishing a fire occurring in the electrical component E and the battery module 100. The fire extinguishing unit 700 may include a fire extinguishing agent that can extinguish a flame, and may release the fire extinguishing agent into the inner space S of the case CB while the fire occurs. The fire extinguishing unit 700 may be controlled by the control unit C or temperature, and may extinguish a fire by spraying the fire extinguishing agent in the form of aerosol particles into the accommodation space S.

[0119] refer to Figure 7 , the guide unit 230 or the auxiliary guide unit 410 may be configured to reduce an area (or volume) to be extinguished by the fire extinguishing unit 700 .

[0120] As one example, the guide unit 230 may divide the space between the front surface of the battery module 100 and the door 300 into two spaces A1 and A2 or more, and thus the space covered by the aerosol sprayed from the fire extinguishing unit 700 to extinguish the fire may be reduced.

[0121] Specifically, the guide unit 230 may be in contact with the door 300 , and may divide a front surface space A between the battery module 100 and the door 300 into a first area A1 and a second area A2 .

[0122] The first area A1 may be a space between a lower surface of the guide unit 230 and the battery module 100 , and the second area A2 may be a space between an upper surface of the guide unit 230 and the door 300 .

[0123] As described later, the measurement unit 800 may be installed in at least one of the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0124] Also, in a state where the door 300 is closed, the first edge 231 of the guide unit 230 may be disposed adjacent to the cooling unit 400 , and the second edge 232 opposite to the first edge 231 may be coupled adjacent to the inner frame 220 .

[0125] While the door 300 is closed, the first edge 231 of the guide unit 230 may be disposed between the exhaust portion 401 and the suction portion 402 of the cooling unit 400. Also, the first edge 231 of the guide unit 230 may be disposed adjacent to an end portion of the auxiliary guide unit 410 disposed on at least one side of the cooling unit 400.

[0126] At the same time, reference Figure 7 The housing 200 may further include an inner frame 220 disposed above the battery module 100. A gap G may be formed between the inner frame 220 and the upper frame 201. Here, the gap G may include a control unit 221 and a circulation unit 222.

[0127] The control unit 221 may include a battery management system (BMS) module, a battery protection unit (BPU) module, etc. The control unit 221 may be mounted and assembled on the internal frame 220, and may safely control the battery module 100. The circulation unit 222 may guide the flow direction of the cooling medium in the interval G. For example, the circulation unit 222 may include one or more circulation fans 222a, and may guide the cooling medium flowing into the interval G to flow from the rear side toward the front side of the housing 200.

[0128] When a fire occurs in the energy storage system 10, there is a risk that the cabinet CB may explode due to an increase in internal pressure caused by the gas caused by the fire. Moreover, when the door 300 is opened while the internal pressure increases, a flame may instantly break out through the opening of the housing 200, and a user may be injured or the flame may spread to adjacent electronic devices.

[0129] To prevent this, the energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment may include a ventilation unit 500 or 600 which communicates with the outside of the accommodation space S and the cabinet CB and discharges the gas generated in the accommodation space S to the outside.

[0130] As described later, the ventilation units 500 and 600 may include at least one first ventilation unit 500 formed on the upper frame 201 of the shell 200 and a second ventilation unit 600 provided on the door 300, and the energy storage system 10 according to the embodiment may include at least one of the first ventilation unit 500 or the second ventilation unit 600.

[0131] Figure 8 is a perspective view showing an upper frame of an energy storage system according to one embodiment. Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of gases generated in an energy storage system according to one embodiment.

[0132] Reference together Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The ventilation unit 500 may include: one or more inlet ports 510 configured to communicate with the inner space S of the cabinet CB and allow gas to flow in; and one or more outlet ports 520 configured to allow the gas flowing into the inlet port 510 to be discharged to the outside of the cabinet CB. The first ventilation unit 500 may be provided on the upper frame 201 of the cabinet CB.

[0133] The inlet port 510 may be provided in the form of a hole communicating with the internal space S of the casing CB. The outlet port 520 may be provided on the outer side surface of the casing CB and may be provided in the form of a hole communicating with the inlet port 510. Gas generated in the internal space S of the casing CB may flow in through the inlet port 510 and may be discharged to the outside of the casing CB through the outlet port 520. A plurality of inlet ports 510 and outlet ports 520 may be provided in the casing CB.

[0134] The outlet port 520 may be configured to be open in a downward direction (-Z axis direction in the drawing) of the cabinet CB. Here, the term "downward direction of the cabinet CB" may refer to a direction from the upper frame 201 toward a lower frame of the cabinet CB.

[0135] With this structure, rain, snow, or other foreign matter from the external environment of the energy storage system 10 can be prevented from flowing in through the outlet port 520 .

[0136] In one embodiment, a space D may be provided between the upper frame 201 and the door 300 , and the outlet port 520 may be configured to communicate with the space D. As shown in FIG.

[0137] As an example, the upper frame 201 may include a first surface 201a facing the door 300 in the second direction (Z-axis direction), i.e., in the height direction of the housing 200, and the outlet port 520 may be provided in the form of a hole opened in the first surface 201a. A plurality of outlet ports 520 may be provided on the first surface 201a along a third direction (X-axis direction) perpendicular to the second direction (Z-axis direction).

[0138] The upper frame 201 may include a second surface 201 b at least partially exposed to the inner space S of the housing 200 , and one or more inlet ports 510 may be provided on the second surface 201 b of the upper frame 201 .

[0139] The upper frame 201 may further include a hollow portion 530 communicating with the inlet port 510 and the outlet port 520. The edge of the upper frame 201 may include the hollow portion 530 extending in the third direction (X-axis direction), and each of the inlet port 510 and the outlet port 520 may be in communication with the hollow portion 530. Gas generated in the internal space S of the housing 200 may flow into the hollow portion 530 through the inlet port 510, and may be discharged to the outside of the case CB through the outlet port 520.

[0140] Thus, when the gas in the cabinet CB is appropriately discharged to the outside of the cabinet CB through the ventilation unit 500, the internal pressure of the cabinet CB does not increase beyond a predetermined level, so that the explosion of the energy storage system 10 can be prevented in advance.

[0141] Also, since the outlet port 520 is opened through the space D between the upper frame 201 and the door 300 , rainwater or foreign substances may be effectively prevented from flowing into the outlet port 520 from the outer area of ​​the cabinet CB.

[0142] Since the gas in the accommodating space S is exhausted through the first ventilation unit 500 , the measuring unit 800 may be disposed close to the first ventilation unit 500 .

[0143] For example, among the temperature sensor 801, the gas sensor 802, and the pressure sensor 803, the gas sensor 802 may be disposed closest to the first ventilation unit 500. Also, since the internal pressure of the accommodation space S does not significantly change according to the position of the pressure sensor 803, among the temperature sensor 801, the gas sensor 802, and the pressure sensor 803, the pressure sensor 803 may be disposed farthest from the ventilation unit 500.

[0144] In the figure, the temperature sensor 801, the gas sensor 802, and the pressure sensor 803 may be arranged in a row on the same horizontal plane in the door 300, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the sensors may be spaced apart from each other in the height direction (Z-axis direction in the figure) and the width direction (X-axis direction in the figure). That is, the gas sensor 802 may be disposed on a higher horizontal plane than the temperature sensor 801 and the pressure sensor 803.

[0145] Unlike the first ventilation unit 500 formed in the upper frame 201 of the housing 200 , according to another embodiment, the second ventilation unit 600 may be formed in the door 300 .

[0146] Fig.10 is a perspective view showing an energy storage system according to another embodiment. Fig.11 is a sectional view showing a second ventilation unit according to another embodiment. Fig.12 It shows Fig.11 Cross-sectional view of V2 in FIG. Fig.13 is a diagram illustrating gas exhaust to a second ventilation unit according to another embodiment.

[0147] Reference Figures 10 to 13 The energy storage system 10 ′ including the second ventilation unit 600 is described, but this is merely an example, and the energy storage system 10 ′ according to another embodiment may also include the first ventilation unit 500 .

[0148] The second ventilation unit 600 may include: at least one inlet port 610, which is configured to communicate with the internal space S of the casing CB to allow gas to flow in; and at least one outlet port 620, which is configured to allow the gas flowing into the inlet port 610 to be discharged to the outside of the casing CB.

[0149] The inlet port 610 may be provided in the form of a hole communicating with the internal space S of the case CB. The outlet port 620 may be provided on the outer side surface of the case CB and may be provided in the form of a hole communicating with the inlet port 610. Gas generated in the internal space S of the case CB may flow in through the inlet port 610, and may be discharged to the outside of the case CB through the outlet port 620.

[0150] The energy storage system 10 may include a drain pipe 630 configured to drain condensed water generated in the cooling unit 400 , and the inlet port 610 and the outlet port 620 of the second ventilation unit 600 may be connected to the drain pipe 630 .

[0151] Therefore, it is not necessary to create an additional gas exhaust structure in the cabinet CB, and the exhaust pipe 630 of the cooling unit 400 can be used as a gas flow path.

[0152] In other words, the gas generated in the internal space S of the housing 200 may flow into the exhaust pipe 630 through the inlet port 610 , and may be exhausted to the outside of the cabinet CB through the outlet port 620 .

[0153] The outlet port 620 of the second ventilation unit 600 may be configured to be open in the downward direction (-Z axis direction in the figure) of the cabinet CB. Therefore, rain, snow or other foreign matter from the external environment of the energy storage system 10 may be prevented from flowing into the accommodation space S through the outlet port 620.

[0154] Since the gas in the accommodating space S is exhausted through the second ventilation unit 600 , the measuring unit 800 may be disposed close to the second ventilation unit 600 .

[0155] For example, among the temperature sensor 801, the gas sensor 802, and the pressure sensor 803, the gas sensor 802 may be disposed closest to the second ventilation unit 600. Also, since the internal pressure of the accommodation space S does not significantly change according to the position of the pressure sensor 803, among the temperature sensor 801, the gas sensor 802, and the pressure sensor 803, the pressure sensor 803 may be disposed farthest from the second ventilation unit 600.

[0156] The first ventilation unit 500 and the second ventilation unit 600 have been described separately, but the energy storage system 10 in the embodiment may include both the first ventilation unit 500 and the second ventilation unit 600 .

[0157] As an example, in this case, the measuring unit 800 may be provided between the first ventilation unit 500 and the second ventilation unit 600 .

[0158] As another example, in this case, the plurality of measuring units 800 may be disposed adjacent to each of the first ventilation unit 500 and the second ventilation unit 600. Specifically, referring again to Figure 7 , the measuring unit 800 may be disposed in each of the first area A1 and the second area A2 where the space is partitioned by the guide unit 230. The measuring unit 800 disposed in the first area A1 may centrally sense the gas passing through the second ventilation unit 600, and the measuring unit 800 disposed in the second area A2 may centrally sense the gas passing through the first ventilation unit 500.

[0159] According to one embodiment, when an abnormal event (such as a sudden increase in temperature or pressure) occurs in the energy storage system 10, the door 300 may be automatically opened to effectively prevent the cabinet CB from exploding.

[0160] Hereinafter, a control method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and details related to the control method will not be provided. Figures 1 to 13 The descriptions overlap the descriptions.

[0161] Fig.14 is a diagram showing a door of a control structure according to another embodiment being opened. Fig.15 is a flow chart of a control method according to another embodiment. Fig.16 is a flow chart of a control method according to another embodiment.

[0162] refer to Fig.14 According to an embodiment, when the measuring unit 800 for measuring the state environment value of the accommodating space S in the casing CB transmits the measured environment value to the control unit C, the control unit C can transmit an unlocking signal to the door locking unit 350, and thus, the door 300 can be opened from the housing 200.

[0163] The measuring unit 800 can sense the environmental state of the accommodation space S and can derive the environmental value through the measured value or data. The measuring unit 800 may include at least one of a temperature sensor 801 for sensing temperature, a gas sensor 802 for detecting and sensing gas in the accommodation space S, and a pressure sensor 803 for measuring internal pressure.

[0164] Here, the term “environmental state” may include temperature, humidity, pressure, a type of gas to be measured, a concentration of a gas to be measured, etc., and may refer to environmental data of the accommodation space S related to the state of the battery module 100. Also, the term “environmental value” may refer to data obtained as a result of real-time measurement of the environmental state of the accommodation space S by the measuring unit 800.

[0165] For example, when the measuring unit 800 has only the temperature sensor 801 , the environmental value may refer to the temperature of the accommodation space S measured in real time.

[0166] As another example, when the measuring unit may include all of the temperature sensor 801 , the gas sensor 802 , and the pressure sensor 803 , the environmental value may refer to the real-time temperature of the accommodation space S, the measured concentration of the gas, and the pressure of the accommodation space S.

[0167] The measuring unit 800 may transmit an environmental value derived by measuring the environmental state of the accommodation space S to the control unit C, and the control unit C may open the door 300 by processing the environmental value received through the measuring unit 800 .

[0168] For example, when processing received environment values ​​determines that it is necessary to open (see Fig.15 In S130 in the figure, the control unit C may send an unlocking signal to the door locking unit 350 which maintains the door 300 in a closed state.

[0169] The door locking unit 350 may release the closed state of the door 300 in response to the unlocking signal, thereby opening the door 300 by the internal pressure of the accommodation space S and / or the elastic force of the door actuator 330 .

[0170] Here, the unlock signal may be configured as a current transmitted to the door locking unit 350. In other words, the door locking unit 350 may be configured to release the lock when the current is applied, so that when the current is applied to the door locking unit 350 by the control unit C, the door 300 may be opened.

[0171] In the following, reference will be made to Fig.15 A control method for an energy storage system according to an embodiment is described in detail. Fig.14 Descriptions of descriptions overlap descriptions.

[0172] According to the embodiment, the control method of the energy storage system may include: a measurement operation (S110) of measuring the environmental state in the accommodating space S through the measuring unit 800 and deriving an environmental value; a comparison operation (S120) of comparing the environmental value with a predetermined limit value; a determination operation (S130) of determining whether the environmental value is greater than the predetermined limit value; and an opening operation (S200) of opening the door 300 when it is determined that the environmental value is greater than the predetermined value.

[0173] As above Fig.14 As described in the foregoing, the measuring operation (S110) may be to measure the environmental state in the accommodation space S by the measuring unit 800 and derive the environmental value.

[0174] As an example, the measuring operation (S110) may be performed in real time in all operations except the opening operation (S200). The measuring unit 800 may include measuring in real time the temperature among the environmental values ​​of the accommodation space S when power is applied to the energy storage system 10. When the measured temperature continues to increase, the state may be regarded as an abnormal state, so that the measuring unit 800 may measure the environmental state of the accommodation space S in more detail by further measuring environmental values ​​other than the temperature. However, this is merely an example, and any operation of deriving the environmental value of the accommodation space S may belong to the measuring operation (S110).

[0175] The comparison operation ( S120 ) may be that the control unit C compares the environmental value derived by the measuring unit 800 with a predetermined limit value.

[0176] Here, the limit value may be a data value pre-stored in the control unit C. When the limit value is exceeded, the limit value may refer to a value at which the case CB may explode due to the temperature and pressure of the accommodation space S. In other words, the limit value may vary according to the size and material of the case CB, and the number of the battery module 100, the submodule 110, and the battery cell 112 accommodated in the accommodation space S.

[0177] The limit value may include complex values ​​such as temperature, concentration of a predetermined gas, and pressure, and when the environmental value exceeds one of these values, the control unit C may determine that the environmental value exceeds a predetermined limit value ( S130 , example).

[0178] As one example, the limit value may be an environmental data value of the accommodation space S before the cabinet CB explodes, and may refer to at least one of a temperature of 100 degrees and a concentration of a combustible gas.

[0179] In other words, among the environmental values ​​related to the temperature derived from the measuring operation ( S110 ), when the temperature of the accommodation space S exceeds 100 degrees, the control unit C may open the door 300 .

[0180] “Combustible gas” may refer to methane gas, hydrogen gas, etc. generated by fire in the battery cell 112, and “combustible gas concentration” may refer to a specific value falling between the lower flammable limit (LFL) and the upper flammable limit (UFL), which is the flammable limit.

[0181] The flammable limit of the combustible gas may be determined differently for each type of gas, but in order to improve safety, a lower flammable limit (LFL) of 10% may be determined as a limit value.

[0182] In other words, the control unit C may open the door 300 when the concentration of the combustible gas exceeds 10%, that is, the lower flammable limit (LFL), among the environmental values ​​derived from the measuring operation ( S110 ).

[0183] The control unit C may compare the environmental value with the limit value and may determine whether the environmental value exceeds the limit value (S130, determination operation). When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the control unit C may send an unlock signal to the door locking unit 350 to open the door 300 (S200). When the environmental value does not exceed the limit value (S130, no), the measuring unit 800 may continue to sense the environmental value.

[0184] When the environmental value exceeds a predetermined limit value, the control unit C may control the latch fixing portion 352 coupled to the latch portion 351 to release the coupled state of the door 300 and the housing 200 (S200).

[0185] When the coupled state between the door 300 and the housing 200 is released, the door 300 may be opened by the internal pressure of the accommodation space S. In addition, the door 300 may be opened by the door actuator 330 .

[0186] refer to Fig.16 According to a control method according to another embodiment, the control unit C may further include a standby operation (S140): standing by and delaying for a predetermined time before opening the door 300.

[0187] In a control method according to another embodiment, when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds a predetermined limit value (eg, S130 ), the door may be opened ( S200 ) after the standby state continues for a predetermined time ( S140 ).

[0188] Specifically, when the environmental value of the accommodation space S exceeds a predetermined limit value (S130, example), and the door 300 is opened without a standby state (standby time t=0s), oxygen may flow into the accommodation space S and the fire may increase sharply. On the contrary, when the standby state is prolonged and the door 300 is opened, the battery module 100 in the accommodation space S may have been burned, or the chassis CB may explode before the battery module 100 is burned.

[0189] According to another embodiment, the safety of the energy storage system 10 may be further increased by performing a standby operation ( S140 ) between the determining operation ( S130 ) and the opening operation ( S200 ).

[0190] Similar to the predetermined limit value stored in the control unit C, the standby time t may be predetermined by the control unit C. The control unit C may wait for a predetermined delay time from the time point when the environmental value is determined to have exceeded the limit value (S130, example), and may open the door (S200).

[0191] In other words, when the control unit C determines that the environmental value exceeds the limit value (S130, example), it can indicate that an abnormal event (fire, etc.) has occurred in the accommodation space S. In this case, by waiting for a predetermined standby time t after the event occurs and opening the door 300, a time difference can be created between the time point (t=0) when it is determined that the event has occurred and the time point when the door is opened.

[0192] Therefore, by creating a time difference between the time point when the flame is intense (the time point when the flame consumes a large amount of oxygen in the containment space S) and the time point when the door is opened (the time point when oxygen flows into the containment space S), the flame appearing in the containment space S can be delayed from spreading to the adjacent battery cell 112, submodule 110 or battery module 100.

[0193] Reference again Figure 3 , the battery module 100 may include a plurality of submodules 110, and each submodule 110 may include a plurality of battery cells 112 (four battery cells in the figure). In this case, when the door 300 is opened before the submodule 110 is burned, oxygen may flow rapidly into the battery cell 112 where the fire occurs, and the flame may quickly spread to the adjacent battery cells 112.

[0194] When the door 300 is opened after a fire occurs in all the battery cells 112 accommodated in the submodules 110 , even when oxygen flows in, the spread of the flame can be delayed by the barrier provided between the submodules 110 , and the flame does not rapidly spread to the adjacent submodules 110 .

[0195] In other words, the spread of fire may be delayed by using the structure of the battery module 100 implemented with the plurality of battery cells 112 and the plurality of submodules 110 .

[0196] The standby time t in the standby operation ( S140 ) may be determined in various ways according to the number of battery modules 100 and the number of battery cells 112 accommodated in the submodules 110 .

[0197] For example, the standby time t may be a time value between t1 and t2. Here, t1 may be the minimum time taken for the submodule 110 in which the plurality of battery cells 112 are accommodated to burn out, that is, t1 may be the minimum time taken for the four battery cells 112 to burn out. t2 may refer to the maximum time taken for the battery module 100 in which the plurality of submodules 110 are accommodated to burn out. For example, the standby time t may be 60 seconds to 3600 seconds.

[0198] As another example, the standby time t may be a time value between t1 and t3. Here, t1 may be the minimum time taken for the submodule 110 in which the plurality of battery cells are accommodated to burn out. t3 may refer to the maximum time taken for the submodule 110 to burn out. In other words, t3 may refer to the maximum time taken for the four battery cells 112 to burn out. For example, the standby time t may be 60 to 180 seconds.

[0199] In the above example, a specific value of the standby time t may be provided for ease of description, and even when the standby time t does not necessarily correspond to the aforementioned value, any operation including being in a standby state for a predetermined time before opening the door 300 between the determination operation (S130) and the opening operation (S200) may be included in the embodiment.

[0200] According to the aforementioned embodiments, it is possible to provide an energy storage system that can prevent explosion caused by gas generated in a casing.

[0201] Furthermore, an energy storage system may be provided in which a door can be opened before the cabinet explodes according to the internal state of the cabinet.

[0202] Only specific examples of implementation of the intended embodiments are described. Variations, modifications, and enhancements may be made to the disclosed embodiments and other embodiments with respect to the disclosure of this patent document.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, comprising: a housing, the housing including an opening and a receiving space disposed therein; a plurality of battery modules, the plurality of battery modules being accommodated in the accommodation space; a door rotatably coupled to the housing and configured to open and close the opening; a measuring unit configured to derive an environmental value by measuring at least one of a temperature, a gas concentration or a pressure of the accommodation space in real time; as well as a control unit configured to compare the environmental value derived from the measuring unit with a predetermined limit value, Wherein, the control unit is configured to open the door when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein: When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the control unit opens the door after waiting for a predetermined standby time (t).

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, in, The battery module includes one or more submodules, each submodule accommodating a plurality of battery cells, and The standby time (t) is the time value between the minimum time (t1) taken for the submodule to burn out and the maximum time (t2) taken for the battery module to burn out.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein: The standby time is a time value between a minimum time (t1) taken for a submodule to burn out and a maximum time (t3) taken for a submodule to burn out.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein: The standby time (t) is 60 seconds to 180 seconds.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 1, further comprising: a door locking unit provided on at least one of the door or the housing and configured to maintain a closed state of the opening of the door, When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the control unit transmits an unlocking signal to the door locking unit, and Wherein, when an unlocking signal is applied, the door locking unit releases the closed state of the door.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6, further comprising: A door actuator is provided on at least one of the door or the housing and is configured to apply a force in a direction in which the door opens.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein: The door actuator includes a gas spring, one end and the other end of the gas spring are rotatably disposed on the door and the housing, respectively.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 1, in, The measuring unit includes at least one of a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the accommodation space, a gas sensor configured to measure a concentration of a gas in the accommodation space, or a pressure sensor configured to measure a pressure of the accommodation space, and The environmental value includes at least one of a measurement value of the temperature sensor, a measurement value of the gas sensor, or a measurement value of the pressure sensor.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, wherein: The limit value is a predetermined value corresponding to the environmental value, and includes at least one of a temperature, a gas concentration, or a pressure of the housing space stored in the control unit.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 9, wherein: The measuring unit is provided on one surface of the door facing the accommodation space.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 11, wherein: Among the temperature sensor, the gas sensor, and the pressure sensor, the gas sensor is disposed above the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor with respect to the direction of gravity.

13. The energy storage system according to claim 11, further comprising: a ventilation unit connecting the accommodation space to the outside and configured to exhaust gas from the accommodation space, Among the temperature sensor, the gas sensor and the pressure sensor, the gas sensor has the shortest distance from the ventilation unit.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 13, wherein: The ventilation unit includes at least one of a first ventilation unit provided on an upper portion of the housing or a second ventilation unit provided on the door.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 14, in, The ventilation unit includes the first ventilation unit and the second ventilation unit, and Wherein, the measuring unit is arranged between the first ventilation unit and the second ventilation unit.

16. A control method for an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising a housing and a door, the housing having an opening, the door being configured to open and close the opening, the housing comprising a plurality of battery modules accommodated in an accommodation space thereof, the control method comprising: A measurement operation of deriving an environmental value by measuring at least one of the temperature, gas concentration or pressure of the accommodation space in real time; An operation of comparing the environmental value with a predetermined limit value and determining whether the environmental value exceeds the limit value; as well as An operation of opening the door when it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value.

17. The control method according to claim 16, wherein: The measuring operation further includes measuring a gas concentration in the housing space when a temperature of the housing space exceeds a predetermined temperature.

18. The control method according to claim 16, wherein: The limit value is a condition corresponding to the environmental value, and includes at least one of 100 degrees Celsius or 10% of a lower flammable limit (LFL) in the accommodation space.

19. The control method according to claim 16, wherein: When it is determined that the environmental value exceeds the limit value, the standby state is maintained for a predetermined standby time (t) before the door is opened.

20. The control method according to claim 19, wherein: The delay time (t) is 60 seconds to 180 seconds.

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