Axial staggered permanent magnet brake structure and observation turntable

Abstract

The invention relates to an axial staggered permanent magnet braking structure and an observation turntable, the axial staggered permanent magnet braking structure comprises a braking rotor and a braking stator, the braking stator coaxially sleeves the outer side of the braking rotor at intervals, and at least one permanent magnet braking part and at least one eddy current braking part are arranged between the braking stator and the braking rotor. The braking parts are arranged at intervals in a layered mode in the axial direction of the braking rotor, orthographic projections of the braking parts are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction at intervals, and when braking is needed, the braking parts are located at braking positions at the same time. The braking rotor of the structure is connected with the rotating shaft, the permanent magnet in the braking part, the electric field and the magnetic field among the eddy current field interact to generate braking force to prevent overshoot, permanent magnet braking and eddy current braking are combined, the low-speed overshoot and the high-speed overshoot of the rotary table are restrained, limiting is more reliable and safer, and the service life is prolonged. The influence of braking force on the rotary table in a working area can be reduced, small-angle braking is achieved, and movement precision reduction caused by mass center deviation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of observation turntables, and in particular to an axially staggered permanent magnetic braking structure and an observation turntable. Background Art

[0002] At present, the turntable uses a software limit-electrical limit-mechanical limit solution to ensure that the turntable can stop accurately at angles outside the design. The mechanical limit sets connecting bolts on the motion frame and the bearing seat, and relies on the shear force between the bolts to stop the turntable movement. The limit failure caused by software debugging and electrical errors during actual use will cause a large turntable overshoot, and the connecting bolts are weak in radial strength, so the bolts are easy to break, causing debris to fly, destroying the turntable structure, affecting the turntable function, and threatening the safety of the user. Traditional permanent magnet brake structures include cylindrical structures and disc structures, which are full-circle braking methods and are difficult to meet the needs of small-angle braking of the turntable. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure and an observation turntable including the axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure, so as to solve the problems of low reliability and safety caused by turntable overshoot and the inability of traditional permanent magnet braking structure to meet the demand for small-angle braking of the turntable.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure, comprising:

[0005] A brake rotor, used for being coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the observation turntable;

[0006] The brake stator is coaxially spaced and sleeved on the outer side of the brake rotor;

[0007] One or more permanent magnet braking parts, each permanent magnet braking part comprises a first permanent magnet and a permanent magnet group, the first permanent magnet is mounted on the braking rotor, the permanent magnet group is mounted on the braking stator, the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group are located in the same plane, and the two are staggered by 180° in the initial position, the first permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a circumferential magnetizing direction, the permanent magnet group comprises two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction, the two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction are horizontally arranged in the circumferential direction and have opposite polarities, and the air gap between the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group becomes smaller at the position of the permanent magnet group;

[0008] One or more eddy current brake parts, each eddy current brake part includes a second permanent magnet and a copper disk, the second permanent magnet is mounted on the brake rotor, the copper disk is mounted on the brake stator, the second permanent magnet and the copper disk are located on the same plane, and the two are staggered by 180 degrees in the initial position, the second permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a radial magnetization direction, and the air gap between the second permanent magnet and the copper disk becomes smaller at the position of the copper disk;

[0009] One or more permanent magnet braking parts and one or more eddy current braking parts are arranged in layers at intervals in the axial direction of the brake rotor, and the positive projections of each layer of braking parts are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. When braking is required, each braking part is in the braking position at the same time.

[0010] Optionally, a tooth-shaped structure is provided at the position where the permanent magnet group and the copper disk are provided in the brake stator, and a receiving groove for receiving the permanent magnet group or the copper disk is provided at the tooth-shaped structure.

[0011] Optionally, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected to the brake rotor on a surface that is a concave arc surface that matches the surface of the brake rotor, and the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected to the brake rotor by epoxy adhesive surface bonding.

[0012] Optionally, the permanent magnet group and the copper disk are connected to the brake stator by epoxy adhesive.

[0013] Optionally, according to the total number of layers of the permanent magnet braking part and the eddy current braking part, the braking stator is divided into stator ring bodies in the axial direction with the same number as the total number of layers.

[0014] Optionally, the brake rotor is made of magnetically conductive material.

[0015] Optionally, the axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure includes two permanent magnet braking parts and two eddy current braking parts, which are distributed in four layers in the axial direction of the braking stator, and the two layers of eddy current braking parts are located between the two layers of permanent magnet braking parts.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an observation turntable, comprising an axially staggered permanent magnetic braking structure of any implementation method in the first aspect;

[0017] a rotating shaft connected to the brake rotor;

[0018] A motor rotor connected to the rotating shaft;

[0019] A load connecting plate connected to the rotating shaft;

[0020] A bearing seat is connected to the brake stator, and the rotating shaft is connected to the bearing seat through a bearing;

[0021] a motor stator connected to the bearing housing; and

[0022] Angular position sensor, used to detect the rotation angle of the brake rotor.

[0023] Optionally, a magnetic isolation plate is provided on the outer casing of the brake rotor for isolating the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group from the angular position sensor or for isolating the second permanent magnet from the angular position sensor.

[0024] Optionally, the magnetic isolation plate is made of non-metallic material.

[0025] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The axial staggered permanent magnet brake structure provided by the present invention comprises a brake rotor and a brake stator, wherein the brake stator is coaxially spaced and sleeved on the outer side of the brake rotor, and a plurality of brake parts are arranged between the brake stator and the brake rotor, wherein the plurality of brake parts include at least one permanent magnet brake part and at least one eddy current brake part, and the plurality of brake parts are arranged in layers along the axial interval of the brake rotor, and the orthographic projections of the brake parts of each layer are evenly spaced and distributed in the circumferential direction, and when braking is required, each brake part is in the braking position at the same time, and the brake rotor of the axial staggered permanent magnet brake structure is connected to the rotating shaft, and when the turntable reaches the braking position, if overshoot occurs, the magnetic field interaction between the permanent magnet, the electric field and the eddy current field in the brake part generates a braking force to prevent overshoot, and the permanent magnet braking and the eddy current braking are combined, which has an inhibitory effect on both the low-speed overshoot and the high-speed overshoot of the turntable. The soft limit mode of the magnetic brake limit is adopted, and a buffer zone is provided for the high-speed overshoot of the turntable, and the limit is more reliable and safe, and can reduce the influence of the braking force on the turntable in the working area, realize small-angle braking, and reduce the decrease in motion accuracy caused by the displacement of the center of mass.

[0027] The observation platform provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned axially staggered permanent magnetic braking structure, which can achieve small-angle braking and reliable limiting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the proportions and quantities of the components in the drawings may not necessarily be consistent with the actual products.

[0029] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an observation turntable in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section diagram of the central observation turntable;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 BB section diagram of the central observation turntable;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of CC section of the central observation turntable;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 DD cross-section diagram of the central observation turntable;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a braking state of a permanent magnet braking part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of a braking state of an eddy current braking part in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1: Axial staggered permanent magnet braking structure;

[0038] 11: brake rotor;

[0039] 12: Braking stator;

[0040] 121: Tooth structure;

[0041] 13: Permanent magnet brake unit;

[0042] 131: a first permanent magnet;

[0043] 132: permanent magnet group;

[0044] 14: Eddy current brake unit;

[0045] 141: second permanent magnet;

[0046] 142: Copper plate;

[0047] 2: Rotating shaft;

[0048] 3: Motor rotor;

[0049] 4: Load connection plate;

[0050] 5: Bearing seat;

[0051] 6: Bearing;

[0052] 7: Motor stator;

[0053] 8: Angular position sensor;

[0054] 9: Magnetic isolation plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The axial staggered permanent magnet brake structure of the present invention comprises a brake rotor and a brake stator, the brake stator is coaxially spaced and sleeved on the outer side of the brake rotor, a plurality of brake parts (including at least one permanent magnet brake part and at least one eddy current brake part) are arranged between the brake stator and the brake rotor, the plurality of brake parts are arranged in layers along the axial interval of the brake rotor, and the orthographic projections of the brake parts of each layer are evenly spaced and distributed in the circumferential direction, and when braking is required, each brake part is in the braking position at the same time. Each permanent magnet brake part comprises a first permanent magnet and a permanent magnet group, the first permanent magnet is mounted on the brake rotor, the permanent magnet group is mounted on the brake stator, the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group are located in the same plane, and the two are staggered by 180° at the initial position, the first permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a circumferential magnetizing direction, the permanent magnet group comprises two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction, the two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction are arranged horizontally in the circumferential direction and have opposite polarities, and the air gap between the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group becomes smaller at the position where the permanent magnet group is located. Each eddy current brake part includes a second permanent magnet and a copper disk, the second permanent magnet is mounted on the brake rotor, the copper disk is mounted on the brake stator, the second permanent magnet and the copper disk are located on the same plane, and the two are staggered by 180° at the initial position, the second permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a radial magnetization direction, and the air gap between the second permanent magnet and the copper disk becomes smaller at the position of the copper disk. The brake rotor of the axial staggered permanent magnet brake structure is connected to the rotating shaft. When the observation turntable reaches the braking position, if overshoot occurs, the magnetic field interaction between the permanent magnet, the electric field and the eddy current field in the brake part generates a braking force to prevent overshoot, and the permanent magnet brake and the eddy current brake are combined, which has an inhibitory effect on the low-speed overshoot and high-speed overshoot of the turntable. The soft limit mode of the magnetic brake limit is adopted, which provides a buffer zone for the high-speed overshoot of the turntable, and the limit is more reliable and safe, which can reduce the influence of the brake force on the turntable in the working area, and realize small-angle braking. At the same time, the axial interval and layered arrangement of multiple brake parts along the brake rotor also reduces the problem of decreased motion accuracy caused by the displacement of the center of mass.

[0057] The axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure and the observation turntable including the axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure of the present invention are further described below through a specific embodiment of an observation turntable.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the observation turntable provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes an axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure 1, a rotating shaft 2, a motor rotor 3, a load connecting plate 4, a bearing seat 5, a bearing 6, a motor stator 7, an angular position sensor 8 and a magnetic isolation plate 9.

[0059] See also Figure 1 to Figure 5As shown, the axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure 1 includes a brake rotor 11 and a brake stator 12. The brake stator 12 is coaxially spaced and sleeved on the outer side of the brake rotor 11. Four brake parts are provided between the brake stator 12 and the brake rotor 11, including two permanent magnet brake parts 13 and two eddy current brake parts 14. The two permanent magnet brake parts 13 and the two eddy current brake parts 14 are arranged in four layers along the axial direction of the brake rotor 11 ( Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the brake part of the first layer. Figure 3 The figure shows a cross-sectional diagram of the brake part of the second layer. Figure 4 The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the brake part of the third layer. Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth layer of the brake part. The two layers of eddy current brake parts 14 are located between the two layers of permanent magnet brake parts 13, and the orthographic projections of the brake parts of each layer are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction, and the two adjacent brake parts are staggered by 90°. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the braking part of the first layer is a permanent magnet braking part 13, including a first permanent magnet 131 and a permanent magnet group 132. The first permanent magnet 131 is mounted on the braking rotor 11, and the permanent magnet group 132 is mounted on the braking stator 12. The first permanent magnet 131 and the permanent magnet group 132 are located in the same plane, and in the initial position, the two are staggered by 180°. The first permanent magnet 131 is a permanent magnet with a circumferential magnetization direction, and the permanent magnet group 132 includes two permanent magnets with a radial magnetization direction. The two permanent magnets with a radial magnetization direction are arranged horizontally in the circumferential direction and have opposite polarities. The air gap between the first permanent magnet 131 and the permanent magnet group 132 becomes smaller at the location of the permanent magnet group 132, that is, the permanent magnet group 132 is closer to the braking rotor 11 in the radial direction than the braking stator 12. The larger air gap value (corresponding to the working angle range of the turntable) plays a role in weakening the torque of the non-braking position. See Figure 6 As shown, as the turntable rotates, the first permanent magnet 131 at the bottom will enter the range of the permanent magnet group 132 at the bottom, and the first permanent magnet 131 and the permanent magnet group 132 generate a repulsive force along the tangential direction to form a braking torque.

[0060] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the braking part of the second layer is an eddy current braking part 14, which includes a second permanent magnet 141 and a copper disk 142. The second permanent magnet 141 is installed on the brake rotor 11, and the copper disk 142 is installed on the brake stator 12. The second permanent magnet 141 and the copper disk 142 are located on the same plane, and in the initial position, the two are staggered by 180°. The second permanent magnet 141 is a permanent magnet with a radial magnetization direction. The air gap between the second permanent magnet 141 and the copper disk 142 is in a state of decreasing at the location of the copper disk 142. The larger air gap value (corresponding to the working angle range of the turntable) plays a role in weakening the torque in the non-braking position. See Figure 7As shown, as the turntable rotates, the second permanent magnet 141 of the second layer will enter the range of the copper disk 142 of the second layer. The eddy current magnetic field generated by the copper disk 142 cutting the magnetic flux lines interacts with the magnetic field of the second permanent magnet 141 to brake, and the eddy current intensity is proportional to the relative motion speed.

[0061] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the braking part of the third layer is an eddy current braking part 14, and its structure is the same as that of the eddy current braking part 14 of the second layer. The only difference between the two is that they are arranged 90° apart in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the specific structure is not repeated here.

[0062] See also Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the fourth layer of the braking part is a permanent magnet braking part 13, and its structure is the same as that of the first layer of the permanent magnet braking part 13. The only difference between the two is that they are arranged 270° apart in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the specific structure is not repeated here.

[0063] The brake rotor of the axially staggered permanent magnetic brake structure is connected to the rotating shaft. When braking is required, the four brake parts are in the braking position at the same time. If overshoot occurs when the turntable reaches the braking position, the magnetic field interaction between the permanent magnet, electric field and eddy current field in the brake part generates a braking force to prevent overshoot. The combination of permanent magnet braking and eddy current braking has an inhibitory effect on both low-speed overshoot and high-speed overshoot of the turntable. The soft limit mode of magnetic brake limit is adopted to provide a buffer zone for high-speed overshoot of the turntable. The limit is more reliable and safe, which can reduce the influence of the brake force on the turntable in the working area and realize small-angle braking. At the same time, the axial spacing and layered arrangement of multiple brake parts along the brake rotor also reduces the problem of decreased motion accuracy caused by the displacement of the center of mass.

[0064] It should be noted that the arrangement of four layers of brake parts along the axial direction of the brake rotor is only for illustration. In some embodiments, only two or three layers may be provided, and it is sufficient to include both permanent magnet brake parts and eddy current brake parts. When two layers are provided, the orthographic projections of the two layers of brake parts are staggered by 180°; when three layers are provided, the orthographic projections of the three layers of brake parts are staggered by 120°.

[0065] See also Figure 2 to Figure 5 As shown, a toothed structure 121 is provided at the position where the permanent magnet group 132 and the copper disk 142 are provided in the brake stator 12, and a receiving groove for accommodating the permanent magnet group 132 or the copper disk 142 is provided at the toothed structure 121, so as to facilitate the installation of the permanent magnet group 132 and the copper disk 142. Preferably, the permanent magnet group 132 and the copper disk 142 are connected to the brake stator 12 by epoxy adhesive. In one example, the brake angle corresponding to the toothed structure 121 is the full circle angle minus the turntable working angle.

[0066] In order to facilitate the installation of the first permanent magnet 131 and the second permanent magnet 141, in one example, the first permanent magnet 131 and the second permanent magnet 141 are connected to the brake rotor 11 on a concave arc surface that matches the surface of the brake rotor 11, and the first permanent magnet 131 and the second permanent magnet 141 are connected to the brake rotor by epoxy adhesive surface bonding. Preferably, the brake rotor 11 is made of magnetic conductive materials such as nickel iron and ferrite, and the back iron of the first permanent magnet 131 and the second permanent magnet 141 can enhance the magnetic field strength.

[0067] In this embodiment, the brake stator 12 can be an integral structure or a split structure, which is not limited here. The integral structure refers to a structure for installing a permanent magnet 132 or a copper disk 142, such as a toothed structure 121, at a position corresponding to each layer of the brake part. The split structure means that according to the total number of layers of the permanent magnet brake part 13 and the eddy current brake part 14, the brake stator 12 is divided into stator ring bodies with the same number of layers in the axial direction, that is, each brake part corresponds to a stator ring body, so that after the corresponding brake part is installed, each stator ring body can be relatively fixed and installed in place, which is more convenient for processing and installation.

[0068] In order to reduce the magnetic interference of the brake part on the angular position sensor 8, in one example, a magnetic isolation plate 9 is provided on the outer cover of the brake rotor 11 to separate the brake part located at the top layer from the angular position sensor 5, for example, to separate the first permanent magnet 131 and the permanent magnet group 132 from the angular position sensor 8 or to separate the second permanent magnet 141 from the angular position sensor 8. Preferably, the magnetic isolation plate 9 is made of non-metallic materials without magnetic conductivity, such as engineering plastics, resins, etc.

[0069] It should be noted that, except for the axially staggered permanent magnetic braking structure, other structures of the observation turntable can adopt existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0070] Any details not described in detail in the present invention are common knowledge or prior art in the art.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. In the absence of a conflict of solutions, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0072] In addition, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents, without causing the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure, characterized in that: include: A brake rotor, used for being coaxially connected with the rotating shaft of the observation turntable; A brake stator is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the brake rotor at intervals; One or more permanent magnet braking parts, each of which includes a first permanent magnet and a permanent magnet group, the first permanent magnet is mounted on the braking rotor, the permanent magnet group is mounted on the braking stator, the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group are located in the same plane, and in the initial position, the two are staggered by 180°, the first permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a circumferential magnetizing direction, the permanent magnet group includes two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction, the two permanent magnets with a radial magnetizing direction are horizontally arranged in the circumferential direction and have opposite polarities, and the air gap between the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group becomes smaller at the location of the permanent magnet group; One or more eddy current brake parts, each of which includes a second permanent magnet and a copper disk, the second permanent magnet is mounted on the brake rotor, the copper disk is mounted on the brake stator, the second permanent magnet and the copper disk are located on the same plane, and are staggered by 180° at the initial position, the second permanent magnet is a permanent magnet with a radial magnetization direction, and the air gap between the second permanent magnet and the copper disk becomes smaller at the location of the copper disk; One or more permanent magnet braking parts and one or more eddy current braking parts are arranged in layers at intervals in the axial direction of the brake rotor, and the positive projections of each layer of braking parts are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. When braking is required, each braking part is in the braking position at the same time.

2. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A toothed structure is provided at the position where the permanent magnet group and the copper disk are arranged in the brake stator, and a receiving groove for receiving the permanent magnet group or the copper disk is provided at the toothed structure.

3. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected to the brake rotor on one side which is a concave arc surface matching the surface of the brake rotor. The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are connected to the brake rotor by epoxy adhesive surface bonding.

4. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The permanent magnet group and the copper disk are connected to the brake stator by epoxy adhesive.

5. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: According to the total number of layers of the permanent magnet braking part and the eddy current braking part, the braking stator is divided into stator ring bodies in the axial direction with the same number as the total number of layers.

6. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The brake rotor is made of magnetic conductive material.

7. The axially staggered permanent magnet brake structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It comprises two permanent magnet braking parts and two eddy current braking parts, which are distributed in four layers in the axial direction of the braking stator, and two layers of eddy current braking parts are located between two layers of permanent magnet braking parts.

8. An observation turntable, characterized in that: include: The axially staggered permanent magnet braking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7; a rotating shaft connected to the brake rotor; A motor rotor connected to the rotating shaft; A load connecting plate connected to the rotating shaft; A bearing seat connected to the brake stator, and the rotating shaft is connected to the bearing seat through a bearing; A motor stator connected to the bearing seat; as well as An angular position sensor is used to detect the rotation angle of the brake rotor.

9. The observation turntable according to claim 8, characterized in that: The brake rotor outer shell is provided with a magnetic isolation plate for isolating the first permanent magnet and the permanent magnet group from the angular position sensor or for isolating the second permanent magnet from the angular position sensor.

10. The observation turntable according to claim 9, characterized in that: The magnetic isolation plate is made of non-metallic material.

Images