Aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a force rheological polishing device and a polishing method for an aspheric lens, which relates to the technical field of aspheric lenses. The device comprises a polishing base box, wherein an X-axis drive box is provided at the bottom of the polishing base box, a polishing liquid circulation mechanism is provided at the rear side of the polishing base box, a lens clamping drive mechanism is provided above the polishing base box, a flow channel embedded plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the polishing base box, a plurality of polishing liquid constraint flow channels are provided on the top of the flow channel embedded plate, and a plurality of liquid outlets are provided at the rear side of the polishing base box that pass through its inner cavity, wherein the plurality of liquid outlets are connected to the plurality of polishing liquid constraint flow channels. The present invention realizes multi-station synchronous polishing processing through the mutual cooperation between the plurality of polishing liquid constraint flow channels and the X-axis drive box, thereby increasing the number of lenses polished in a single pass, thereby improving the polishing efficiency. In addition, the present invention also provides a force rheological polishing method for an aspheric lens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a surface polishing technology for an aspheric lens, and in particular to a force rheological polishing device and a polishing method for an aspheric lens. Background Art

[0002] Aspheric lenses, due to their excellent aberration correction capabilities, can significantly improve image quality. In an optical system, a single aspheric lens can perform the functions of multiple spherical lenses, thereby reducing the number of lenses. This helps simplify the optical system structure, lowering manufacturing costs and weight, and is more advantageous than traditional spherical lenses. Therefore, they are widely used in civilian applications such as infrared cameras and video camera lenses, military applications such as satellites and missile fairings, and medical applications such as X-ray lenses and endoscopes.

[0003] The demanding environment in which aspheric lenses are used also places high demands on the surface quality of aspheric lenses. The irregularities and roughness generated during the processing of aspheric lenses will affect the optical performance of the aspheric lenses. When the aspheric lens has excessive shape deviation, any manufacturing inaccuracies when light or laser beams pass through lenses, prisms or other optical elements will damage the operation of the entire optical system. Traditional contact polishing is widely used for polishing aspheric surfaces, but the direct contact between the polishing tool and the lens surface can cause tiny scratches or damage on the lens surface, directly affecting the optical performance. Contact polishing requires multiple iterations and fine adjustments to achieve the required surface accuracy, and polishing tools need to be replaced regularly due to wear. The overall polishing efficiency is low and the polishing period is long. Mechano-rheological polishing technology is a non-contact polishing method that is suitable for complex surfaces, has high processing efficiency, and is damage-free. It is a powerful supplement to the processing of aspheric lenses.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems:

[0005] Chinese patent document CN202120881293.4 discloses a polishing device for aspheric optical components. This device utilizes a mechanical structure to bring a sponge gasket into contact with an aspheric lens and adjust the polishing axis angle to achieve precise polishing of the center and sides of the lens. However, this is essentially a traditional contact process, which can easily leave damage and defects on the workpiece surface even in the final fine polishing process, and it is difficult to ensure the surface accuracy of the aspheric optical component.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN202211397407.3 discloses a highly efficient and high-energy rheological polishing device for complex curved surfaces. This device combines a four-axis motion mechanism with an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, using an ultrasonic transducer to drive the polishing axis and complex curved parts to vibrate, achieving high-efficiency rheological polishing of complex curved parts. However, this device achieves polishing by generating centrifugal force through the rotation of the polishing disc, which changes the flow characteristics of the polishing fluid and causes it to enter a shear thickening region, where it generates shear thickening. During rotation, abrasive particles in the polishing fluid are affected by the centrifugal force and flung toward the walls of the polishing tank, preventing them from effectively participating in the part material removal process, resulting in reduced polishing efficiency.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN202310027479.7 discloses a shear thickening polishing device and method for optical lenses. This patent utilizes a combined polishing method using a full-aperture curved polishing head and a sub-aperture spherical polishing head. The polishing heads drive the flow of shear thickening polishing fluid, achieving high-quality polishing of the entire surface of the optical lens. However, this device has a long polishing cycle and requires replacement of the polishing head during the polishing process, resulting in complex operation and low polishing efficiency.

[0008] In the aspheric lens polishing methods disclosed in the above-mentioned documents, contact polishing easily causes surface defects such as pitting and scratches and cannot control the surface accuracy; the non-contact aspheric lens polishing method has problems such as low polishing efficiency and inability to simultaneously perform multi-station processing. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The polishing mechanism of claim 1, wherein the polishing mechanism comprises a polishing base box, an X-axis driving box, a polishing liquid circulation mechanism, and a lens clamping driving mechanism; the X-axis driving box is arranged at the bottom of the polishing base box and can drive the polishing base box to perform reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedded plate is fixedly installed in the polishing base box, a group of polishing liquid constraint flow channels distributed along the X-axis direction and passing through the front and back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedded plate, a group of liquid outlets passing through its inner cavity are opened on the rear side of the polishing base box, and the liquid outlets are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channels; the polishing liquid circulation mechanism comprises an extension plate, which is fixedly installed on the rear side of the polishing base box, a polishing liquid storage box is fixedly installed on the extension plate, and the front side of the polishing liquid storage box is connected to each liquid outlet on the polishing base box through a group of liquid inlet pipes; a liquid pump is fixedly installed on the top of the polishing liquid storage box, and the input end of the liquid pump is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box through a pipeline. The top end is connected to the liquid outlet box through a frame infusion tube, and the liquid outlet box is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate, and the bottom of the liquid outlet box is fixedly connected to a group of liquid outlet pipes, and the liquid outlet pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel; the lens clamping drive mechanism includes a gantry bracket, and the lower ends of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket are respectively equipped with a connecting column, and the two connecting columns are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box. An electric push rod 1 is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket, and the output end of the electric push rod 1 passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box; limit slide bars are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box, and the two limit slide bars form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket; a group of polishing spindle devices are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box, and the polishing spindle devices can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel.

[0010] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment, a group of supporting legs distributed in a rectangular array are fixedly installed at the bottom of the X-axis drive box, a bottom box drive motor is provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box, and a turntable is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the bottom box drive motor, and the turntable is connected to the push rod through an eccentrically arranged hinge shaft; a pair of sliding rods and a group of reciprocating slides are provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box, each reciprocating slide slides simultaneously with two sliding rods, and the top of one of the reciprocating slide slides is hinged to the push rod; all the reciprocating slides are fixedly connected to the bottom box mounting plate above them at the same time; the polishing bottom box is installed on the bottom box mounting plate.

[0011] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens rheological polishing device, the reciprocating slide is slidably connected to the slide rod via a linear bearing.

[0012] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing device, a liquid inlet funnel is provided on the polishing bottom box outside the liquid outlet; and the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel (34).

[0013] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens rheological polishing equipment, a horizontal slide groove is provided at the bottom of the lifting control box, and an electric push rod 2 is installed on one side of the lifting control box. A movable long block that can move horizontally is provided in the horizontal slide groove, and the output end of the electric push rod 2 passes through the inner cavity of the horizontal slide groove and is connected to the movable long block; the polishing spindle device is installed at the bottom of the movable long block.

[0014] As an optimization solution, in the aforementioned aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment, the polishing spindle device includes a triangular bracket, one of the faces of the triangular bracket is fixedly connected to the moving long block, and a rotatable rotating shaft is provided on the outer side of the face adjacent to the triangular bracket; a workpiece rotation drive motor is provided inside the triangular bracket, and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotation drive motor is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft; a threaded rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a connecting tube is installed on the threaded rod, and the bottom of the connecting tube can fix the aspheric lens. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the rotating shaft (4433) relative to the horizontal plane is 35°-90°.

[0015] A method for mechanical rheological polishing of an aspheric lens, wherein the method uses the aforementioned mechanical rheological polishing device for an aspheric lens to polish the aspheric lens, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Use FLUENT simulation to simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece in the flow field, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle;

[0017] S2: The aspheric lens workpiece is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube, and the polishing spindle device is installed on the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint flow channel;

[0018] S3: Use electric push rod 1 to adjust the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece and the polishing liquid constraint flow channel to a set range;

[0019] S4: Start the bottom box drive motor and the workpiece rotation drive motor to run at the set speed and start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump;

[0020] S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, stop the bottom box drive motor, the workpiece rotation drive motor and start the liquid pump; then use the electric push rod to control the lifting control box to rise and reset, and then remove the aspheric lens workpiece, and the polishing is completed.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0022] 1. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention can realize multi-station synchronous polishing processing through the mutual cooperation between the polishing liquid constraint flow channels and the X-axis drive box arranged in groups, thereby increasing the number of lenses polished in a single time and thus improving the polishing efficiency.

[0023] 2. The aspheric lens mechano-rheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention can adjust the position according to the size of the lens through the mutual cooperation between the electric push rod 1, the lifting control box, the electric push rod 2, the moving long block, and the polishing spindle device, and can drive the workpiece to rotate while moving the lens back and forth. The aspheric lens workpiece and the mechano-rheological polishing liquid move relative to each other in a specific form, which not only improves the polishing of the lens, but also makes the polishing of the lens more uniform.

[0024] 3. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention, through the mutual cooperation between the polishing bottom box, the liquid outlet, and the polishing liquid circulation mechanism, can make the polishing liquid in the polishing liquid constraint flow channel be recycled after flowing out, saving the use cost of the polishing liquid and having good economy.

[0025] 4. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing equipment and polishing method provided by the present invention obtain the optimal polishing angle of the aspheric lens in the polishing liquid through FLUENT simulation, saving the number of experiments and providing theoretical support for the selection of process parameters of the force rheological polishing machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a polished bottom box of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the X-axis drive box of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a polishing liquid circulation mechanism according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the lens clamping and driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the lifting control box of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a polishing spindle device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is an angle simulation diagram in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 9 is the surface pressure diagram in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of detection points in this embodiment;

[0036] Figure 11 The actual pictures before and after polishing in this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 12 These are microscopic images before and after polishing in this embodiment.

[0038] The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1. Polishing bottom box; 11. Flow channel embedded plate; 12. Polishing liquid constraint flow channel; 13. Liquid outlet; 2. X-axis drive box; 21. Support leg; 22. Bottom box drive motor; 23. Turntable; 24. Push rod; 25. Slide rod; 26. Reciprocating slide; 27. Bottom box mounting plate; 3. Polishing liquid circulation mechanism; 31. Extension plate; 32. Polishing liquid storage box; 33. Liquid inlet pipe; 34. Liquid inlet funnel; 35. Liquid pump; 36. Frame-type infusion Tube; 37, liquid outlet box; 38, liquid outlet tube; 4, lens clamping drive mechanism; 41, gantry bracket; 42, connecting column; 43, electric push rod 1; 44, lifting control box; 441, electric push rod 2; 442, moving long block; 443, polishing spindle device; 4431, tripod bracket; 4432, workpiece rotation drive motor; 4433, rotating shaft; 4434, threaded rod; 4435, connecting tube; 45, limit slide; 5, aspheric lens workpiece; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present application.

[0040] Example (see Figure 1-12 ):

[0041] The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device of the embodiment includes a polishing base box 1, an X-axis drive box 2, a polishing liquid circulation mechanism 3 and a lens clamping drive mechanism 4; the X-axis drive box 2 is arranged at the bottom of the polishing base box 1 and can drive the polishing base box 1 to perform reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedded plate 11 is fixedly installed in the polishing base box 1, and a group of polishing liquid constraint flow channels 12 distributed along the X-axis direction and penetrating from front to back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedded plate 11, and a group of liquid outlets 13 penetrating its inner cavity are opened on the rear side of the polishing base box 1. 13 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12; the polishing liquid circulation mechanism 3 includes an extension plate 31, the extension plate 31 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the polishing bottom box 1, a polishing liquid storage box 32 is fixedly mounted on the extension plate 31, and the front side of the polishing liquid storage box 32 is connected to each liquid outlet 13 on the polishing bottom box 1 through a group of liquid inlet pipes 33; a liquid pump 35 is fixedly mounted on the top of the polishing liquid storage box 32, the input end of the liquid pump 35 is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box 32 through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid pump 35 is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box 32 through a pipeline. The frame-type infusion tube 36 is connected to a liquid outlet box 37, which is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate 11. A group of liquid outlet pipes 38 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet box 37. The liquid outlet pipes 38 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12; the lens clamping drive mechanism 4 includes a gantry bracket 41, and a connecting column 42 is respectively installed at the lower part of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket 41. The two connecting columns 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box 2, and an electric push rod 43 is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41. The output end of the electric push rod 43 passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41 and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box 44; limit slide bars 45 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box 44, and the two limit slide bars 45 form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket 41; a group of polishing spindle devices 443 are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box, and the polishing spindle devices 443 can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices 443 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12.

[0042] In this embodiment, six polishing spindles 443 are provided, capable of simultaneously polishing six aspheric lenses. During operation, the aspheric lenses are fixed to the polishing spindles 443, which drive the aspheric lenses to rotate. Simultaneously, the polishing base box 1 performs reciprocating linear motion, and the aspheric lenses and the mechanorheological polishing liquid in the polishing liquid confinement channel 12 move relative to each other, resulting in rapid and uniform polishing of the aspheric lens surfaces.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, a set of support legs 21 arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the X-axis drive box 2. A bottom box drive motor 22 is installed within the box body of the X-axis drive box 2. A turntable 23 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the bottom box drive motor 22. The turntable 23 is connected to a push rod 24 via an eccentric hinge shaft. A pair of slide bars 25 and a set of reciprocating slides 26 are installed within the box body of the X-axis drive box 2. Each reciprocating slide 26 slidably engages with two slide bars 25 simultaneously. The top of one reciprocating slide 251 is hinged to the push rod 24. All reciprocating slides 26 are simultaneously fixedly connected to a bottom box mounting plate 27 disposed above them. The polishing bottom box 1 is mounted on the bottom box mounting plate 27. The above structure is essentially a motor-driven crank slider mechanism, which is highly reliable and easy to implement.

[0044] Specifically, in the embodiment, the reciprocating slide 26 is slidably connected to the slide rod 25 via a linear bearing. The use of the linear bearing can greatly reduce frictional resistance and reduce wear.

[0045] Specifically, in the embodiment, a liquid inlet funnel 34 is provided on the polishing bottom box 1 outside the liquid outlet 13; the liquid inlet pipe 33 is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel 34. The provision of the liquid inlet funnel 34 allows the polishing liquid to flow more smoothly into the polishing liquid storage box 32.

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiment, a horizontal slide is provided at the bottom of the lifting control box 44, and a second electric push rod 441 is installed on one side of the lifting control box 44. A horizontally movable long block 442 is provided in the horizontal slide, and the output end of the second electric push rod 441 extends through the inner cavity of the horizontal slide and is connected to the movable long block 442. The polishing spindle device 443 is installed at the bottom of the movable long block 442. In order to get closer to the inside of the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12, the lifting control box 44 can be driven to slide steadily downward by the limit slide 45 by activating the first electric push rod 43 on the top of the gantry bracket 41, so that the aspheric lens workpiece 5 is closer to the polishing liquid constraint flow channel 12. At the same time, the second electric push rod 441 on the left side of the lifting control box 44 can be activated to drive the movable long block 442 in the horizontal slide to perform fine adjustment in the Y-axis direction, thereby significantly improving the applicability to polishing processes of different lenses.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiment, the polishing spindle device 443 includes a triangular bracket 4431, one of the surfaces of the triangular bracket 4431 is fixedly connected to the movable long block 442, and a rotatable rotating shaft 4433 is provided on the outer side of the surface adjacent to the triangular bracket 4431; a workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 is provided inside the triangular bracket 4431, and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft 4433; a threaded rod 4434 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 4433, and a connecting tube 4435 is installed on the threaded rod 4434, and the bottom of the connecting tube 4435 can fix an aspheric lens. The triangular bracket 4431 allows the polishing spindle device 4433 to be tilted at a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane. (When implementing the present invention, the tilt angle of the rotating shaft 4433 relative to the horizontal plane is preferably 35°-90°, and 55° in the embodiment.)

[0048] In the embodiment, the aspheric lens is polished using an aspheric lens force rheological polishing device, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: Use FLUENT simulation to simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece 5 in the flow field, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle;

[0050] S2: The aspheric lens workpiece 5 is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube 4435, and the polishing spindle device 443 is installed on the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint channel 12;

[0051] S3: Using the electric push rod 43, the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece 5 and the polishing liquid confinement flow channel 12 is adjusted to within a set range;

[0052] S4: Start the bottom box drive motor 22 and the workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 to run at the set speed to start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump 35;

[0053] S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, stop the bottom box drive motor 22, the workpiece rotation drive motor 4432 and start the liquid pump 35; then use the electric push rod 43 to control the lifting control box 44 to rise and reset, and then remove the aspheric lens workpiece 5, and the polishing is completed.

[0054] In the embodiment, the mechanorheological polishing liquid is composed of abrasive particles, a dispersed phase, a dispersion liquid, an anti-settling agent, and a surfactant. The abrasive particles are cerium oxide abrasive particles with a particle size of 1 μm and a proportion of 6% in the polishing liquid. The dispersed phase is a polyhydroxy polymer, accounting for 48%. The dispersion liquid is pure water and ethylene glycol, with pure water accounting for 38% of the dispersion liquid and ethylene glycol accounting for 4.5% of the dispersion liquid. The anti-settling agent is a titanate coupling agent, accounting for 1.5% of the polishing liquid. The surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium octylbenzenesulfonate, accounting for 2% of the polishing liquid.

[0055] In the embodiment, 1 μm cerium oxide abrasive was used to prepare the mechanorheological polishing liquid, the lens was modeled by SolidWorks, and the pressure on the aspheric lens surface in the flow field under mechanorheological polishing was simulated by Fluent software. The laminar flow model was selected, the distance between the lens and the contoured flow channel was 2 mm, the linear velocity of the flow field fluid was given as 1.3 m / s, the solution method adopted the Couple algorithm, and the monitoring residual value was set to 10 -6 , simulate 12 angles from 35° to 90°, and get Figure 8 ; After simulation, the workpiece surface pressure data is exported and obtained Figure 9 The optimal polishing angle for this workpiece is 55°. (In the embodiment, 12 triangular supports 4431 with different angles are prepared. Based on the simulation results, the triangular support 4431 that can make the polishing spindle device form a 55° angle with the horizontal plane is selected.)

[0056] After polishing, the surface roughness Ra value of the lens is measured using a Taylor profilometer in nm. The detection position is as follows: Figure 10 The measurement results are as follows:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] The experimental results show that the surface roughness is significantly reduced, and the overall surface roughness is below 20nm. The surface roughness at different positions at the same radius is relatively consistent, ensuring the uniformity of the polishing effect. Figure 11 、 12 As shown, the "foggy" surface is obviously removed after polishing, and the surface is smooth and scratch-free.

[0060] The above general description of the invention and the description of its specific embodiments involved in this application should not be understood as limiting the technical solutions of the invention. Based on the disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art may, without violating the constituent elements of the invention involved, add, subtract, or combine the disclosed technical features in the above general description and / or specific embodiments (including examples) to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A force rheological polishing device for aspheric lenses, characterized by: The invention comprises a polishing bottom box (1), an X-axis driving box (2), a polishing liquid circulation mechanism (3) and a lens clamping driving mechanism (4); the X-axis driving box (2) is arranged at the bottom of the polishing bottom box (1) and can drive the polishing bottom box (1) to make reciprocating linear motion in the X-axis direction; a flow channel embedded plate (11) is fixedly installed in the polishing bottom box (1); a group of polishing liquid constraint flow channels (12) distributed along the X-axis direction and penetrating from front to back are opened on the top of the flow channel embedded plate (11); a group of liquid outlets (13) penetrating the inner cavity of the polishing bottom box (1) are opened on the rear side; the liquid outlets (13) and the polishing liquid constraint flow channels (12) are connected together. A corresponding arrangement is provided; the polishing liquid circulation mechanism (3) comprises an extension plate (31), the extension plate (31) is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the polishing bottom box (1), a polishing liquid storage box (32) is fixedly mounted on the extension plate (31), the front side of the polishing liquid storage box (32) is respectively connected to each liquid outlet (13) on the polishing bottom box (1) through a group of liquid inlet pipes (33); a liquid pump (35) is fixedly mounted on the top of the polishing liquid storage box (32), the input end of the liquid pump (35) is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box (32) through a pipeline, and the output end of the liquid pump (35) is connected to the inner cavity of the polishing liquid storage box (32) through a frame-type infusion pipe ( 36) is connected to a liquid outlet box (37), the liquid outlet box (37) is located above the front end of the flow channel embedded plate (11), and a group of liquid outlet pipes (38) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid outlet box (37), and the liquid outlet pipes (38) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12); the lens clamping drive mechanism (4) includes a gantry bracket (41), and the lower parts of the two vertical arms of the gantry bracket (41) are respectively equipped with a connecting column (42), and the two connecting columns (42) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the X-axis drive box (2), and an electric push rod (43) is installed on the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41). The output end of the electric push rod (43) passes through the lower side of the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41) and is fixedly installed with a lifting control box (44); limit slide bars (45) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the lifting control box (44), and the two limit slide bars (45) form a sliding fit with the horizontal beam of the gantry bracket (41); a group of polishing spindle devices (443) are provided at the bottom of the lifting control box (44), and the polishing spindle devices (443) can fix the aspheric lens and drive the aspheric lens to rotate; the polishing spindle devices (443) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12).

2. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of supporting legs (21) arranged in a rectangular array are fixedly installed at the bottom of the X-axis drive box (2); a bottom box drive motor (22) is provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box (2); a turntable (23) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the bottom box drive motor (22); the turntable (23) is connected to a push rod (24) through an eccentric hinge shaft; a pair of slide bars (25) and three reciprocating slide plates (26) are provided in the box body of the X-axis drive box (2); each reciprocating slide plate (26) is slidably matched with two slide bars (25) at the same time, and the top of one of the reciprocating slide plates (26) is hinged to the push rod (24); all the reciprocating slide plates (26) are fixedly connected to a bottom box mounting plate (27) arranged above them; the polishing bottom box (1) is mounted on the bottom box mounting plate (27).

3. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reciprocating slide plate (26) is slidably connected to the slide rod (25) via a linear bearing.

4. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet funnel (34) is provided on the polishing bottom box (1) outside the liquid outlet (13); and the liquid inlet pipe (33) is connected to the outlet of the liquid inlet funnel (34).

5. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal slide is provided at the bottom of the lifting control box (44), and a second electric push rod (441) is installed on one side of the lifting control box (44). A horizontally movable long block (442) is provided in the horizontal slide, and the output end of the second electric push rod (441) passes through the inner cavity of the horizontal slide and is connected to the movable long block (442); the polishing spindle device (443) is installed at the bottom of the movable long block (442).

6. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polishing spindle device (443) comprises a triangular bracket (4431), one of the faces of the triangular bracket (4431) is fixedly connected to the movable long block (442), and a rotatable rotating shaft (4433) is provided on the outer side of the face adjacent to the triangular bracket (4431); a workpiece rotating drive motor (4432) is provided inside the triangular bracket (4431), and the rotating shaft of the workpiece rotating drive motor (4432) is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft (4433); a threaded rod (4434) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating shaft (4433), a connecting tube (4435) is mounted on the threaded rod (4434), and the bottom of the connecting tube (4435) can fix an aspheric lens.

7. The aspheric lens force rheological polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the rotation axis (4433) relative to the horizontal plane is 35°-90°.

8. A method for rheological polishing of an aspheric lens, characterized by: The method uses the aspheric lens force rheological polishing device of claim 1 to polish the aspheric lens, comprising the following steps: S1: simulate the size and distribution of the surface pressure of the aspheric lens workpiece (5) in the flow field through FLUENT simulation, and use the simulation data to obtain the optimal polishing angle; S2: The aspheric lens workpiece (5) is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting tube (4435), and the polishing spindle device (443) is installed on the bottom of the lifting control box at the optimal polishing angle determined in step S1, and then the mechanorheological polishing liquid is injected into the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12); S3: Using an electric push rod (43), the gap between the aspheric lens workpiece (5) and the polishing liquid constraint flow channel (12) is adjusted to within a set range; S4: Start the bottom box drive motor (22) and the workpiece rotation drive motor (4432) to run at the set speed and start polishing; at the same time, start the liquid pump (35); S5: After the polishing reaches the set time, the bottom box drive motor (22), the workpiece rotation drive motor (4432) are stopped and the liquid pump (35) is started; then the electric push rod (43) is used to control the lifting control box (44) to rise and reset, and then the aspheric lens workpiece (5) is removed, and the polishing is completed.

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