Channel state information reference signal in orthogonal time-frequency space

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a mobile station may receive a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulation portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulation portion being based at least in part on an orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation scheme, and a second modulation portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulation portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme. The mobile station may recover a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 813,665, filed on July 20, 2022, entitled “CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REFERENCE SIGNALS IN ORTHOGONAL TIMEFREQUENCY SPACE” and assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the prior application is considered a part of and is incorporated by reference into this patent application. Technical Field

[0003] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communications, and to techniques and apparatus for channel state information reference signals in orthogonal time-frequency space. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communications for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to a communication link from a network node to a UE, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to a communication link from a UE to a network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communications, such as via a local link (e.g., a side link (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, etc.).

[0006] The above-mentioned multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at a city, country, region and / or global level. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and / or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, and supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology and carrier aggregation to improve spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrum, and better integrate with other open standards. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR and other radio access technologies remain useful. Summary of the invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a mobile station for wireless communication. The mobile station may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: receiving a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulation portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulation portion being based at least in part on an orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation scheme, and a second modulation portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulation portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme. The one or more processors may be configured to recover a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the first modulation portion or the second modulation portion.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node. The apparatus may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on information stored in the memory: modulate a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The one or more processors may be configured to modulate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including a CSI-RS. The one or more processors may be configured to send the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and send the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a mobile station. The apparatus may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on information stored in the memory: receiving a wireless signal, the wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition. The one or more processors may be configured to recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and the at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node. The apparatus may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to perform operations based at least in part on information stored in the memory: modulate a CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. The one or more processors may be configured to send a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delayed-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station. The method may include: receiving a wireless signal by the mobile station and at least in part based on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal including: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being at least in part based on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being at least in part based on a second modulation scheme. The method may include: recovering a CSI-RS by the mobile station from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: modulating, by the network node, a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The method may include: modulating, by the network node, a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including a CSI-RS. The method may include: sending, by the network node, the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and sending the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station. The method may include: receiving, by the mobile station, a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition. The method may include: recovering, by the mobile station, the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and the at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include: modulating, by the mobile station, a CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. The method may include: transmitting, by the mobile station, a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a mobile station. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: receive a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: recover a CSI-RS from the first modulation part or the second modulation part.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: modulate a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: modulate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal comprising a CSI-RS. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: send the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and send the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a mobile station. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: receive a wireless signal, the wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the mobile station, may cause the mobile station to: recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and the at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element.

[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: modulate a CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to: send a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0019] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include: a component for receiving a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal including: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme. The apparatus may include: a component for recovering a CSI-RS from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion.

[0020] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include: a component for modulating a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The apparatus may include: a component for modulating a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal comprising a CSI-RS. The apparatus may include: a component for sending the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block and sending the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0021] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include: a component for receiving a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition. The apparatus may include: a component for recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and the at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element.

[0022] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include: a component for modulating a CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. The apparatus may include: a component for transmitting a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0023] The various aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, mobile stations, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and illustrations.

[0024] The features and technical advantages of examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above so that the following specific embodiments may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both in terms of their organization and method of operation, and the associated advantages will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the figures in the accompanying drawings is provided for the purpose of illustration and description and not as a definition of limitations to the claims.

[0025] Although various aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustrating some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The technology described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip implementations or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / shopping equipment, medical equipment and / or artificial intelligence devices). Various aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components and / or system-level components. The equipment incorporating the various aspects and features described may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components, including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders and / or summers). The various aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in various devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements and / or end-user devices of various sizes, shapes and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to fully understand the above-mentioned features of the present disclosure, a more specific description of the invention briefly summarized above can be obtained by referring to various aspects (some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings). However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only illustrate certain typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered as limiting the scope thereof, as the specification may admit of other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0027] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of distortion caused by Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation symbols according to the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C The diagrams respectively illustrate a first example, a second example, and a third example of a wireless signal configuration for transmitting a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) according to the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5is a diagram illustrating an example of OTFS modulation of CSI-RS according to the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication process between a UE and a network node according to the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a mobile station according to the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process, for example, performed by a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a mobile station according to the present disclosure.

[0036] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an example process, for example, performed by a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0037] Fig.11 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure.

[0038] Fig.12 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communications according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. On the contrary, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the scope of the present disclosure will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether it is implemented independently or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods implemented using other structures, functionality, or structures and functionality in addition to or different from the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0040] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0041] Although various aspects may be described herein using terms generally associated with 5G or new radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), various aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT, and / or post-5G RATs (e.g., 6G).

[0042] Figure 1 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or elements of a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, etc. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. The network node 110 is a network node that communicates with the UE 120. As shown in the figure, the network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, the network node 110 may be a converged network node, which means that the converged network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, the network node 110 may be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), which means that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0043] In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as an RU) that communicates with the UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a DU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a CU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or communicates with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. For example, the network node 110 may include an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), a DU, a RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 may be interconnected to each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 in wireless network 100 via various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0044] In some examples, the network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​the network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. The network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by a UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by a UE 120 associated with the femto cell (e.g., a UE 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. Figure 1In the example shown, network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. The network node may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cells may move depending on the location of the mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0045] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a converged base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, a DU, a RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions (such as those described herein in conjunction with the network node 110). In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeat the execution of at least a portion of the function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions but not another base station function. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0046] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive transmissions of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit transmissions of data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that is capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs 120. Figure 1 In the example shown, a network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with a network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and a UE 120d to facilitate communications between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, etc.

[0047] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro network node may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while a pico network node, a femto network node, and a relay network node may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts).

[0048] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for the network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0049] UE 120 can be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 can be stationary or mobile. UE 120 can include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and / or a subscriber unit. UE 120 can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, an industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0050] Some UEs 120 may be considered as machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered as customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., a memory) may be operably coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0051] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a specific RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency may be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0052] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other) using one or more side link channels. For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0053] The devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum that may be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, the devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz–7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although portions of FR1 are greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “below 6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0054] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125GHz–24.25GHz). The bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and therefore the features of FR1 and / or FR2 can be effectively extended to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations to more than 52.6GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6GHz–71GHz), FR4 (52.6GHz–114.25GHz), and FR5 (114.25GHz–300GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0055] Considering the above examples, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used herein, the term may broadly refer to frequencies that may be lower than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used herein, the term may broadly refer to frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0056] In some aspects, the mobile station may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion based at least in part on an orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion based at least in part on a second modulation scheme; and recover a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion.

[0057] In some aspects, and as described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition; and recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0058] In some aspects, the network node may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may modulate a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration, modulate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including a CSI-RS, and transmit the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and transmit the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0059] In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may modulate the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme; and transmit a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0060] As indicated above, Figure 1 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 1 The examples described are different.

[0061] Figure 22 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 communicating with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as an antenna 234 and a modem 254. In some examples, the network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include a radio frequency component that facilitates direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0062] At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data intended for a UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from a data source 212. The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for the UE 120, and provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signals (PSS) or secondary synchronization signals (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of the modem 232. Each modem 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using a corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may also process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream using a corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (eg, T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (eg, T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a through 234t).

[0063] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) may receive downlink signals from the network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of the modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modem 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a CQI parameter, among other things. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0064] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0065] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (in a single housing or multiple housings), sets of coplanar antenna elements, sets of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or be coupled to one or more transmit components and / or receive components (such as, Figure 2 One or more antenna elements of one or more components in.

[0066] On the uplink, at the UE 120, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from the data source 262 and control information from the controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be pre-decoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, where applicable, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and sent to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, and / or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (eg, controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (eg, with reference to FIG. 4A to FIG. 12 ).

[0067] At the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232 shown as DEMOD), detected by the MIMO detector 236 (where applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to the data sink 239 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., see reference 242). FIG. 4A to FIG. 12 ).

[0068] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component in the network node 110 may perform one or more techniques associated with CSI-RS in orthogonal time-frequency space, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component of the Figure 7 The process of 700 Figure 8 The process of 800 Fig. 9 The process of 900 Fig.10 1000 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program codes for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, conversion, and / or interpretation), the one or more instructions may cause the one or more processors, UE 120, and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example, Figure 7 The process of 700 Figure 8 The process of 800 Fig. 9 The process of 900 Fig.10 The process 1000 and / or operations of other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running instructions, converting instructions, compiling instructions, and / or interpreting instructions, among others.

[0069] In some aspects, a mobile station (e.g., UE 120) includes means for receiving, by the mobile station, a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal including: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme; and / or means for recovering, by the mobile station, a CSI-RS from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion. Alternatively or additionally, in some aspects, a mobile station (e.g., UE 120) includes means for receiving, by the mobile station, a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition; and / or means for recovering, by the mobile station, the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element. In some aspects, means for the mobile station to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0070] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes components for modulating, by the network node, a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration; components for modulating, by the network node, a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal comprising a CSI-RS; and / or components for sending, by the network node, the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block and sending the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0071] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes means for modulating a CSI-RS by the network node based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme; and / or means for transmitting a wireless signal including a CSI-RS by the network node based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition. In some aspects, means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 150, a transmit processor 220, a TX MIMO processor 230, a modem 232, an antenna 234, a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, or a scheduler 246.

[0072] Although Figure 2 The blocks in the 2000 and 2010 are illustrated as distinct components, but the functionality described above for these blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functionality described for the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0073] As indicated above, Figure 2 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 2 Different from what is described.

[0074] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or components in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station or network equipment can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (such as a node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR BS, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP or a cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) that perform base station functionality can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as an independent base station or a monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. "Network entity" or "network node" may refer to a decomposed base station or one or more units of a decomposed base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0075] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A decomposed base station (e.g., a decomposed network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of a CU, a DU, and a RU may also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), and the like.

[0076] Base station type operations or network designs may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a decomposed base station may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as a network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of a communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed separately. A decomposed base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented virtually for at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Individual units of a decomposed base station may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0077] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of distortion caused by OTFS modulation symbols according to the present disclosure.

[0078] As more and more devices access wireless networks, the demand for services provided by wireless networks continues to increase. As the number of devices accessing a wireless network increases, the availability of communication resources (e.g., frequency resources and / or time resources) to provide these services becomes proportionally strained. As an added complexity, some devices may request increased data throughput and / or lower data transfer latency relative to other devices, such as when the device executes an application that consumes a large amount of data and / or has time-sensitive needs (e.g., streaming video, streaming audio, video calls, games, and / or emergency services).

[0079] OFDM provides higher spectral efficiency relative to other modulation schemes, which in turn enables higher frequency transmission using OFDM to transmit data at increased throughput relative to other modulation schemes. However, different environments may reduce the throughput gains associated with using OFDM. To illustrate, motion associated with V2X communications may result in spectral broadening (e.g., measured as Doppler spread) that degrades the OFDM signal, reduces achievable spectral efficiency, and / or reduces data throughput.

[0080] Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation is a two-dimensional (2D) modulation scheme that modulates information symbols (e.g., quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols) in the delay-Doppler domain. In some aspects, OTFS modulated signals may be less sensitive to spectrum broadening relative to OFDM modulated signals. Thus, in environments with high mobility at the transmitter and / or receiver, OTFS modulation may improve how a receiving device recovers information from a signal (e.g., reduces recovery errors) relative to OFDM modulation.

[0081] Example 300 includes an input signal diagram 302 illustrating an OTFS modulated signal in a delay-Doppler domain. A first axis of diagram 302 represents delay, a second axis of diagram 302 represents Doppler, and a third axis represents normalized power. As shown by diagram 302, each modulation symbol may be represented as a pulse characterized at least in part by a corresponding delay value and a corresponding Doppler value. For illustration, a first modulation symbol 304-1 may be represented as a first pulse characterized by a first delay value and a first Doppler value, and a second modulation symbol 306-1 may be represented as a second pulse characterized by a different second delay value and a different second Doppler value.

[0082] Example 300 also illustrates a transmit channel response diagram 308 that characterizes the channel response in the delay-Doppler domain. In the delay-Doppler domain, the transmit channel response can be localized to the center (e.g., less delay and / or less Doppler). As the input signal propagates through the transmit channel, the input signal may cause some distortion, which can be estimated by convolution of the input signal shown in diagram 302 with the transmit channel response shown in channel response diagram 308.

[0083] Output signal diagram 310 illustrates an example of how an input signal may be altered based at least in part on transmission through a channel. As shown by diagram 310, a received signal (e.g., an input signal convolved with a channel response) may include a first received symbol 304-2 (e.g., a received version of a first input symbol 304-1) and a second received symbol 306-2 (e.g., a received version of a second input symbol 306-1). Although the received output signal may include additional components relative to the input signal, the received symbol 304-2 and the received symbol 306-2 may cause less distortion in the delay-Doppler domain relative to time-based symbols. A wireless signal may be represented in the time domain as a function of time, in the frequency domain as a function of frequency, and / or in the delay-Doppler domain as a function of delay and Doppler. Therefore, various transformations may be applied to convert a signal representation between the delay-Doppler domain and the time domain and / or frequency domain so that the signal may be initially modulated in the delay-Doppler domain and then transformed into the time domain for transmission. Alternatively or additionally, the received signal may be received in the time domain and converted to the delay-Doppler domain for symbol recovery.

[0084] In some aspects, a network node may send a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) to a UE and direct the UE to generate one or more metrics (e.g., CSI) that may be used to characterize a transmission channel between the network node and the UE. Based at least in part on the received metrics, the network node may select a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) that improves the signal quality of the transmission of the current transmission channel (e.g., relative to another MCS scheme). However, applying OTFS modulation to the signal may result in erroneous CSI-RS recovery and / or CSI-RS recovery failure at the UE. Erroneous or failed CSI-RS recovery may result in the UE generating metrics that provide erroneous information about the transmission channel between the UE and the network node. Subsequently, the network node may select an MCS that results in poor signal quality, which results in increased data recovery errors, reduced data throughput, and / or increased data transfer latency at the UE relative to better signal quality associated with using another MCS.

[0085] Some techniques and apparatus described herein provide a channel state information reference signal in an orthogonal time-frequency space. A mobile station may receive a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, wherein the first modulated portion may be based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. Alternatively or additionally, the mobile station may receive a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, wherein the second modulated portion is based at least in part on a second modulation scheme. The mobile station may recover a CSI-RS from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion. For illustration, the mobile station may coordinate with a network node to identify a CSI-RS carried in a second modulated portion of the wireless signal.

[0086] Coordinating the transmission of CSI-RS between the network node and the UE may improve the UE's recovery of the CSI-RS (e.g., reducing noise in the CSI-RS and / or improving identification of the CSI-RS). The improved recovery of the CSI-RS may enable the UE to generate one or more metrics based at least in part on the CSI-RS that characterize the transmission channel between the network node and the UE with greater accuracy relative to metrics based on the CSI-RS that include more noise. Metrics with greater accuracy enable the network node to select a transmission configuration (e.g., MCS) that improves signal quality at the UE, reduces data recovery errors, improves data throughput, and / or reduces data delivery latency relative to other transmission configurations.

[0087] As indicated above, Figure 3 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 3 The examples described are different.

[0088] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C 400, a second example 402, and a third example 404 are diagrams illustrating a first example 400, a second example 402, and a third example 404 of a wireless signal configuration for transmitting a CSI-RS according to the present disclosure, respectively. Each wireless signal configuration may include a first portion based at least in part on a delay-Doppler domain configuration and a second portion based at least in part on a time-frequency domain configuration. For illustration, a network node (e.g., network node 110) may transmit a CSI-RS based at least in part on applying OTFS modulation to a first portion of a wireless signal and not applying OTFS modulation to a second portion of the wireless signal.

[0089] Figure 4AThe example 400 includes a delay-Doppler domain diagram 406. The horizontal axis of the delay-Doppler diagram 406 represents Doppler, and the vertical axis of the delay-Doppler diagram represents delay. The Doppler span 408 and the delay span 410 may represent a delay-Doppler domain resource block 412. The delay-Doppler domain resource block 412 may include a plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements, shown as a first delay-Doppler domain resource element 414-1, a second delay-Doppler domain resource element 414-2, and up to an nth delay-Doppler domain resource element 414-n, where n is an integer. Each delay-Doppler domain resource element may be represented by a corresponding Doppler partition of the Doppler span 408 and a corresponding delay partition of the delay span 410.

[0090] Example 400 also includes a time-frequency domain diagram 416 that can represent a portion of the delay-Doppler domain diagram 402 in the time domain, as further described. The horizontal axis of the time-frequency domain diagram 416 represents time, and the vertical axis of the time-frequency domain diagram 416 represents frequency. The duration 418 and the frequency span 420 can characterize a time-frequency domain resource block 422, which can also be referred to as a resource block. The time-frequency domain resource block 422 may include a plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements (also referred to as resource elements) shown as a first time-frequency domain resource element 424-1, a second time-frequency domain resource element 424-2, up to the mth time-frequency domain resource element 424-m, where m is an integer that can be greater than, equal to, or less than n. Each time-frequency domain resource element can be characterized by a corresponding time partition of the duration 418 and a corresponding frequency partition of the frequency span 420.

[0091] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) may generate a wireless signal based at least in part on a first portion of a delay-Doppler domain resource block 412 and a second portion of a time-frequency domain resource block 422. For illustration, the network node may modulate a first portion of the data based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and delay-Doppler domain resource elements 426, which are associated with (e.g., mapped to or converted to) time-frequency resource elements 428. The network node may alternatively or additionally modulate a second portion of the data based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and delay-Doppler domain resource elements 430, which are associated with (e.g., mapped to or converted to) time-frequency resource elements 432. As illustrated by example 400, the network node may use non-contiguous and / or non-adjacent delay Doppler domain resource elements, such as by refraining from using delay Doppler domain resource elements at the beginning of delay Doppler domain resource block 412 (illustrated in example 400), refraining from using delay Doppler domain resource elements in the middle of delay Doppler domain resource block 412 (illustrated in example 400), and / or refraining from using delay Doppler domain resource elements at the end of delay Doppler domain resource block 412 (not shown in example 400). In some aspects, the network node may apply 2D discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoding to the OTFS modulated data, as illustrated by example 400.

[0092] The network node may generate a second portion of the wireless signal carrying the CSI-RS based at least in part on one or more space-time-frequency domain resource elements. A "space-time-frequency domain resource element" may represent a time-frequency domain resource element that lacks an OTFS modulated signal (e.g., generated by a network node) in a frequency partition and / or time partition associated with the time-frequency domain resource element. As an example, the network node may generate the second portion by modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OFDM modulation scheme, using a first set of time-frequency resource elements 434 carrying the CSI-RS and a second set of time-frequency resource elements 436 carrying the CSI-RS. In some aspects, the network node may use a wireless signal configuration in which one or more time-frequency domain resource elements are non-continuous and / or non-adjacent to each other, as shown by example 400. However, in other examples, the time-frequency domain resource elements may be adjacent to each other.

[0093] Figure 4BThe illustrated example 402 includes a second delay-Doppler domain diagram 438 illustrating a second delay-Doppler domain resource block 440 that may be characterized by a Doppler span 408 and a delay span 410. The example 402 also includes a second time-frequency domain diagram 442 illustrating a second time-frequency domain resource block 444 that may be characterized by a duration 418 and a frequency span 420. The second delay-Doppler domain resource block 440 and / or the second time-frequency domain resource block 444 may be further divided into respective resource elements, as further described above. As illustrated by the example 402, the network node (e.g., the network node 110) may modulate data based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and using consecutive and / or adjacent delay-Doppler domain resource elements 446 within the second delay-Doppler domain resource block 440. Alternatively or additionally, the network node may refrain from using non-adjacent delay-Doppler domain resource elements for OTFS modulated data. Adjacent delay-Doppler domain resource elements 446 may correspond to a contiguous set of time-frequency domain resource elements 448.

[0066] In some aspects, the network node may apply 2D DFT precoding to the OTFS modulated data.

[0094] The network node may refrain from using a portion of the delay-Doppler domain resource block 440 for OTFS modulated data, illustrated by example 402 as empty delay-Doppler domain resource elements 450. An "empty delay-Doppler domain resource element" may represent a delay-Doppler domain resource element that the network node refrains from selecting for transmission and / or excludes delay-Doppler domain resource elements for OTFS modulated data (e.g., generated by the network node) in a corresponding delay partition and / or Doppler partition. In some aspects, the network node may select and / or group adjacent delay-Doppler domain resources as empty delay-Doppler domain resource elements 450. Adjacent empty delay-Doppler domain resource elements 450 may correspond to empty, adjacent time-frequency domain resource elements 452 that are located at the beginning of a time-frequency domain resource block 444 or at the end of a time-frequency domain resource block 444. The network node may generate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on using empty, adjacent time-frequency domain resource elements 452 to carry the CSI-RS and modulating the CSI-RS using a second modulation scheme (e.g., an OFDM modulation scheme). By using a first consecutive block of delay-Doppler resource elements for OTFS modulated data and a second consecutive block of time-frequency resource elements for the CSI-RS, the network node may minimize switching between transmitting portions of the signal that include OTFS modulation and portions of the signal that do not include OTFS modulation. Minimizing switching between portions of the signal using different modulation schemes may improve the efficiency of the transmitter by reducing hardware reconfiguration and / or reducing power consumption.

[0095] like Figure 4CAs shown in example 404 of , a network node (e.g., network node 110) may utilize CSI-RS to puncture OTFS modulated data in the time-frequency domain. Example 404 includes a third delay-Doppler domain diagram 454 of a third delay-Doppler domain resource block 456 characterized by a Doppler span 408 and a delay span 410. The third delay-Doppler domain resource block 456 may be further divided into delay-Doppler domain resource elements, as further described above.

[0096] Example 404 also includes two instances of a third time-frequency domain diagram, shown as time-frequency domain diagram 458-1 and time-frequency domain diagram 458-2, respectively. The two instances of the time-frequency domain diagram may be collectively referred to as the third time-frequency domain diagram 458, and the specific instance may be referred to by a sub-indicator (e.g., -1 or -2). Example 404 also illustrates two instances of a third time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a duration 418 and a frequency span 420 (shown by the time-frequency domain diagram 458-1), respectively, as a time-frequency domain resource block 460-1 and a time-frequency domain resource block 460-2. The two instances of the third time-frequency resource block may be collectively referred to as a third time-frequency domain resource block 460, and the specific instance may be referred to by a sub-indicator (e.g., -1 or -2). The third time-frequency domain resource block 460 may be further divided into time-frequency domain resource elements, as further described above.

[0097] In some aspects, the network node may generate a wireless signal based at least in part on modulating data using an OTFS modulation scheme and an entirety of a delay Doppler domain resource block (or a portion of a delay Doppler domain resource block having consecutive delay Doppler domain resource elements). For illustration, the network node may use all delay Doppler domain resource elements of the delay Doppler domain resource block 456 for the OTFS modulated data, and apply 2D DFT precoding to the OTFS modulated data. As shown by example 404, the delay Doppler domain resource block 456 may correspond to the entirety of the time-frequency domain resource block 460-1 shown by the time-frequency domain diagram 458-1. For example, the entirety of the delay Doppler domain resource elements of the delay Doppler domain resource block 456 may be mapped to the entirety of the time-frequency domain resource elements associated with the time-frequency domain resource block 460-1.

[0098] As shown in the time-frequency domain resource block 460-2 of the time-frequency diagram 458-2, the network node may puncture the time-frequency domain resource block 460-2 by replacing the first signal (e.g., OTFS modulated and pre-coded signal) present in one or more time-frequency resource elements with the second signal (e.g., CSI-RS). For example, the network node may replace one or more time-frequency domain resource elements with CSI-RS (as shown by reference numeral 462), and / or replace one or more resource elements with CSI-RS (as shown by reference numeral 464).

[0099] As indicated above, Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C Other examples can be found in the Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C Different from what is described.

[0100] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of OTFS modulating CSI-RS according to the present disclosure.

[0101] The example 500 includes a delay-Doppler domain diagram 502 having a horizontal axis representing Doppler and a vertical axis representing delay. The delay-Doppler domain diagram 502 includes a delay-Doppler domain resource block 504 that may be characterized by a Doppler span 506 and a delay span 508. The delay-Doppler domain resource block 504 may include further partitions, shown by the example 500 as a first delay-Doppler domain resource element 510-1, a second delay-Doppler domain resource element 510-2, up to an nth delay-Doppler domain resource element 510-n, where n is an integer.

[0102] The example 500 also includes a time-frequency domain diagram 512 having a horizontal axis representing time and a vertical axis representing frequency. The time-frequency domain diagram 512 includes a time-frequency domain resource block 514 that can be characterized by a time duration 516 and a frequency span 518. The time-frequency domain resource block 514 can include further divisions, shown by the example 500 as a first time-frequency domain resource element 520-1, a second time-frequency domain resource element 520-2, up to an mth time-frequency domain resource element 520-m, where m is an integer that can be greater than, equal to, or less than n.

[0103] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) may generate a wireless signal based at least in part on a delay-Doppler domain resource block 504 and modulate a CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme. For illustration, the network node may select one or more CSI-RS delay-Doppler domain resource elements 522 (shown in a diagonal hash pattern) for carrying (OTFS modulated) CSI-RS. Alternatively or additionally, the network node may generate a wireless signal based at least in part on transmitting OTFS modulated guard tones based at least in part on one or more guard tone delay-Doppler domain resource elements 524 positioned adjacent to the CSI-RS delay-Doppler domain resource element 522. In some aspects, the network node may use one or more additional delay-Doppler domain resource elements 526 (shown in a cross-hatched pattern) of the delay-Doppler domain resource block 504 for OTFS modulated data. As shown by example 500, the network node may apply 2D DFT precoding to wireless signals associated with delay-Doppler domain resource blocks 504 (e.g., associated with CSI-RS, associated with guard tones, and associated with modulated data) such that resource elements of time-frequency domain resource blocks 514 include OTFS modulated signals with precoding that includes any combination of CSI-RS, data, and / or guard tones.

[0104] As indicated above, Figure 5 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 5 Different from what is described.

[0105] Figure 6 600 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication process between a UE (e.g., UE 120) and a network node (e.g., network node 110) according to the present disclosure. As shown by reference numeral 610, the network node 110 may transmit a wireless signal including a CSI-RS, and the UE 120 may receive the wireless signal. In some aspects, a first portion of the wireless signal may include OTFS modulation, and a second portion may exclude OTFS modulation. For illustration, the network node may generate the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on modulating QAM data using an OTFS modulation scheme. The network node 110 may apply 2D DFT precoding to the OTFS modulated data. Alternatively or additionally, the network node may generate the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on modulating the CSI-RS using a second modulation scheme (such as an OFDM modulation scheme and / or a time-based symbol), and suppress applying OTFS modulation to the CSI-RS. The UE 120 may recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on the time-based symbol, and recover the data based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

[0106] In some aspects, the wireless signal may be based at least in part on a resource block (e.g., a time-frequency domain resource block) characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The time-frequency domain resource block may be partitioned into a plurality of resource elements, where each resource element is characterized by a respective frequency span partition of the resource block and a respective duration partition of the resource block. The network node 110 may use one or more resource elements to send the CSI-RS as the second portion of the wireless signal. For example, the network node 110 may generate and send the CSI-RS based at least in part on using one or more time-frequency domain resource elements, as described with respect to FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C Further described.

[0107] UE 120 may recover CSI-RS from the wireless signal based at least in part on identifying a first modulated portion of the wireless signal associated with OTFS modulated data and / or a second modulated portion of the wireless signal associated with the CSI-RS. "Recovering CSI-RS" may represent extracting and / or isolating the portion of the wireless signal that carries the CSI-RS. For example, UE 120 may recover CSI-RS from the second portion based at least in part on identifying one or more time-frequency domain resource elements used to send the second portion of the wireless signal (by the network node). Alternatively or additionally, UE 120 may recover CSI-RS based at least in part on a second modulation scheme (e.g., OFDM) used to modulate the CSI-RS. For example, UE 120 may recover CSI-RS based at least in part on an indication of an MCS associated with the CSI-RS. Alternatively or additionally, UE 120 may recover data from the first modulated portion based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme, such as by filtering, extracting and / or isolating the first portion of the wireless signal from the second portion of the wireless signal, performing a 2D inverse discrete Fourier transform (2D-IDFT) on the first portion of the wireless signal, and demodulating the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme. Recovering data based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme may include converting the signal from the time-frequency domain to the delay-Doppler domain.

[0108] The network node 110 may use a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block to transmit a first portion of the wireless signal (e.g., including OTFS modulation) and use a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block to transmit a second portion of the wireless signal (e.g., excluding OTFS modulation). For illustration, the first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block may be associated with a first time-frequency domain resource element and the second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block may be associated with a second time-frequency domain resource element, wherein the first resource element and the second resource element are adjacent to each other. In some aspects, the network node 110 may select one or more delay-Doppler domain resource elements for modulated OTFS data based at least in part on the mapping of the selected delay-Doppler domain resource elements to a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block that is adjacent to the second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, such as with respect to Figure 4A and Figure 4B Further described.

[0109] The network node 110 may select the first time-frequency domain resource element and the second time-frequency domain resource element based at least in part on reducing the amount of switching between using OTFS modulation and excluding OTFS modulation. For example, the network node 110 may select one or more consecutive and / or adjacent time-frequency domain resource elements located at the beginning of the time-frequency domain resource block or at the end of the resource block for the CSI-RS to alleviate the switching between using OTFS modulation and excluding OTFS modulation in the middle of the time-frequency domain resource block. Alternatively or additionally, the network node 110 may select one or more delay-Doppler domain resource elements mapped to one or more consecutive and / or adjacent time-frequency domain resource elements. Minimizing switching between signal portions using different modulation schemes can improve the efficiency of the transmitter by reducing hardware reconfiguration and / or reducing power consumption.

[0110] As mentioned above about Figure 4C As further described, the network node 110 may send the CSI-RS by puncturing the time-frequency domain resource block. For illustration, the network node 110 may generate a wireless signal carrying OTFS modulated data based at least in part on the delay-Doppler domain resource elements using the overall time-frequency domain resource elements mapped and / or converted into the time-frequency domain resource block. The network node 110 may puncture a portion of the time-frequency domain resource block by replacing one or more time-frequency domain resource elements (e.g., time-frequency domain resource elements including OTFS modulated data) with the CSI-RS (excluding OTFS modulation). For example, the network node 110 may puncture the OTFS modulated data in the time-frequency domain. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 120 may recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on the one or more punctured time-frequency domain resource elements.

[0111] As mentioned above about Figure 5 As further described, the network node 110 may modulate the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and / or one or more delay Doppler domain resource elements. The network node 110 may apply 2D-DFT precoding to the CSI-RS. Alternatively or additionally, the UE 120 may recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on applying the 2D-IDFT to the received signal and identifying which (some) delay Doppler resource elements carry the CSI-RS. For example, the UE 120 may receive a wireless signal, convert the wireless signal to the delay Doppler domain, and recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on identifying one or more delay Doppler resource elements carrying the CSI-RS.

[0112] In some aspects, the network node 110 may transmit the CSI-RS based at least in part on using consecutive delay-Doppler domain resource elements. Alternatively or additionally, the network node 110 may transmit the guard tones in one or more additional delay-Doppler domain resource elements. The network node 110 may select one or more delay-Doppler domain resource elements adjacent to the consecutive delay-Doppler domain resource elements for the guard tones.

[0113] The network node 110 may select orthogonal delay Doppler domain elements to transmit the CSI-RS. For illustration, the network node 110 may transmit the CSI-RS based at least in part on multiple antenna ports. The network node 110 may select a first set of delay Doppler domain resource elements for transmitting a first part of the CSI-RS using a first antenna port, and select a second set of delay Doppler domain resource elements for transmitting a second part of the CSI-RS using a second antenna port. The network node 110 may select the first set of delay Doppler domain resource elements and the second set of delay Doppler domain resource elements such that the first set and the second set do not include common and / or overlapping delay Doppler domain resource elements. Each set of delay Doppler domain resource elements may include one or more delay Doppler resource elements.

[0114] As shown by reference numeral 620, UE 120 may transmit a measurement report based at least in part on the CSI-RS, and network node 110 may receive the measurement report. For illustration, UE 120 may generate one or more metrics estimating a channel quality of a transmission channel between network node 110 and UE 120 based at least in part on the recovered CSI-RS. For example, UE 120 may generate any combination of a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), RSRQ, RSRP, RSSI, and / or CQI.

[0115] Coordinating the transmission of CSI-RS based at least in part on OTFS modulation can enable the UE to more accurately recover the CSI-RS (e.g., relative to the lack of coordination) and generate a more accurate metric characterizing the transmission channel between the network node and the UE. The metric with higher accuracy enables the network node to select a transmission configuration (e.g., MCS) that improves signal quality at the UE, reduces data recovery errors, improves data throughput, and / or reduces data delivery latency relative to other transmission configurations.

[0116] As indicated above, Figure 6 are provided as examples. Other examples can be found in the Figure 6 The examples described are different.

[0117] Figure 7is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, by a mobile station in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example in which a mobile station (eg, UE 120) performs operations associated with CSI-RS in an orthogonal time-frequency space.

[0118] like Figure 7 As shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include: receiving a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal including: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion based at least in part on a second modulation scheme (block 710). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using Fig.11 The depicted communication manager 140 and / or receiving component 1102) can receive a wireless signal at least in part based on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized at least by a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being at least in part based on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being at least in part based on a second modulation scheme, as described above.

[0119] like Figure 7 As further shown, in some aspects, process 700 may include: recovering the CSI-RS from the first modulation portion or the second modulation portion (block 720). Fig.11 The depicted communication manager 140 and / or CSI-RS manager component 1108) can recover the CSI-RS from the first modulation portion or the second modulation portion, as described above.

[0120] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0121] In a first aspect, the second modulation scheme is an OFDM modulation scheme, and recovering the CSI-RS includes recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation portion based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

[0122] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 700 includes recovering, by the mobile station, data from the first modulated portion based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

[0123] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation portion includes: recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation portion based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

[0124] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the time-frequency domain resource block comprises a plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding duration partition, and wherein recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation part comprises: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements.

[0125] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, and the second time-frequency domain resource element includes at least some of the first modulation parts of the wireless signal.

[0126] In the sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element positioned at the beginning of a time-frequency domain resource block.

[0127] In the seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element positioned at the end of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0128] In the eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements include a set of time-frequency domain resource elements, which includes at least some first modulation parts in the first modulation part of the wireless signal, and recovering the CSI-RS also includes: recovering the CSI-RS as a deletion in the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements including at least some first modulation parts in the first modulation part of the wireless signal.

[0129] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the puncturing in the time-frequency domain resource element set is time-frequency domain puncturing.

[0130] although Figure 7 An example block diagram of process 700 is shown, but in some aspects, process 700 may include Figure 7The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

[0131] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, by a network node in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example in which a network node (eg, network node 110) performs operations associated with CSI-RS in an orthogonal time-frequency space.

[0132] like Figure 8 As shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include: modulating a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration (block 810). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig.12 The depicted communication manager 150 and / or modulation manager component 1208) may modulate a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on time-frequency domain resource blocks characterized by a frequency span and a duration, as described above.

[0133] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include modulating a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including the CSI-RS (block 820). Fig.12 The depicted communications manager 150 and / or modulation manager component 1208) may modulate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including the CSI-RS, as described above.

[0134] like Figure 8 As further shown, in some aspects, process 800 may include transmitting a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of a time-frequency domain resource block, and transmitting a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block (block 830). Fig.12 The depicted communication manager 150 and / or transmitting component 1204) may transmit a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of a time-frequency domain resource block, and transmit a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, as described above.

[0135] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0136] In a first aspect, the second modulation scheme is an OFDM modulation scheme, and modulating the second portion includes modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

[0137] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 800 includes modulating data as a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme.

[0138] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, modulating data based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme further comprises applying precoding to the data based at least in part on a two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform.

[0139] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, process 800 includes: utilizing CSI-RS by a network node to puncture data in a time-frequency domain.

[0140] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, puncturing data in the time-frequency domain includes: replacing at least a portion of the data with a portion of the CSI-RS.

[0141] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, modulating the CSI-RS includes modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

[0142] In the seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the time-frequency domain resource block includes multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each time-frequency domain resource element of the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding time duration partition, and wherein sending the wireless signal includes: sending the CSI-RS as at least a part of the second part of the wireless signal based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element of the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements.

[0143] In the eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, and the second time-frequency domain resource element includes at least some of the first parts of the first part of the wireless signal.

[0144] In the ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, sending CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: sending CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element positioned at the beginning of a time-frequency domain resource block.

[0145] In the tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, sending CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: sending CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element positioned at the end of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0146] although Figure 8 An example block diagram of process 800 is shown, but in some aspects, process 800 may include Figure 8 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0147] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, by a mobile station in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example in which a mobile station (eg, UE 120) performs operations associated with CSI-RS in an orthogonal time-frequency space.

[0148] like Fig. 9 As shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include receiving a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition (block 910). For example, a mobile station (e.g., using Fig.11 The depicted communications manager 140 and / or receiving component 1102) can receive a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by Doppler frequency partitions and delay partitions, as described above.

[0149] like Fig. 9 As further shown, in some aspects, process 900 may include recovering a CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element (block 920). Fig.11 The depicted communication manager 140 and / or CSI-RS manager component 1108) may recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element, as described above.

[0150] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0151] In a first aspect, the wireless signal comprises a delay-Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay-Doppler domain resource block comprises a plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements, each delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is based at least in part on the delay span and the Doppler span, and wherein at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element is included in the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

[0152] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process 900 includes recovering, by a mobile station, data from a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme and a portion of a delay-Doppler domain resource block.

[0153] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, at least a second delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements comprises a CSI-RS.

[0154] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, at least one delay Doppler domain resource element comprising a CSI-RS is at least a first delay Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay Doppler domain resource element among a plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and wherein at least the first delay Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to at least the second delay Doppler domain resource element.

[0155] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 900 includes generating a metric indicative of channel quality based at least in part on recovering the CSI-RS.

[0156] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, and at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element includes at least two orthogonal delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

[0157] although Fig. 9 An example block diagram of process 900 is shown, but in some aspects, process 900 may include Fig. 9 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900 may be performed in parallel.

[0158] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000, performed, for example, by a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example in which a network node (eg, network node 110) performs operations associated with CSI-RS in an orthogonal time-frequency space.

[0159] like Fig.10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme (block 1010). For example, a network node (e.g., using Fig.12 The depicted communication manager 150 and / or modulation manager component 1208) may modulate the CSI-RS based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, as described above.

[0160] like Fig.10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include transmitting a wireless signal including a CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition (block 1020). Fig.12 The depicted communications manager 150 and / or transmitting component 1204) may transmit a wireless signal including a CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least Doppler partitioning and delay partitioning, as described above.

[0161] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0162] In a first aspect, the wireless signal comprises a delay-Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay-Doppler domain resource block comprises a plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements, each delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is based at least in part on the delay span and the Doppler span, and wherein at least one delay-Doppler domain resource is included in the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

[0163] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, at least two consecutive delay-Doppler domain resource elements of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements comprise a CSI-RS.

[0164] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, at least one delay Doppler domain resource element comprising a CSI-RS is at least a first delay Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay Doppler domain resource element of a plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and wherein at least the first delay Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to at least the second delay Doppler domain resource element.

[0165] In a fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, wherein at least one delay Doppler domain resource element includes at least two orthogonal delay Doppler domain resource elements, and wherein sending a wireless signal includes: using at least two ports to send the wireless signal.

[0166] although Fig.10 An example block diagram of process 1000 is shown, but in some aspects, process 1000 may include Fig.10 The blocks depicted may be additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged in a different manner than those depicted. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1000 may be performed in parallel.

[0167] Fig.11 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Apparatus 1100 may be a mobile station, or a mobile station may include apparatus 1100. In some aspects, apparatus 1100 includes a receiving component 1102 and a transmitting component 1104, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, apparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1102 and transmitting component 1104. As further shown, apparatus 1100 may include a communication manager 140. Communication manager 140 may include one or more of a CSI-RS manager component 1108, a data recovery component 1110, or a measurement component 1112, and the like.

[0168] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform FIG. 4A to FIG. 6 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 7 The process of 700 Fig. 9 In some aspects, Fig.11 The device 1100 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 One or more of the components shown may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or codes stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0169] The receiving component 1102 may receive communications from the device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1100. In some aspects, the receiving component 1102 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the mobile station.

[0170] The transmitting component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1100 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1104 for transmission to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1106. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1104 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the mobile station. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 can be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0171] The receiving component 1102 can receive a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme. The CSI-RS manager component 1108 can recover a CSI-RS from the first modulated portion or the second modulated portion.

[0172] Data recovery component 1110 may recover data from the wireless signal based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and a portion of the delay-Doppler domain resource block.In some aspects, data recovery component 1110 may recover data from the first modulated portion based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

[0173] The receiving component 1102 can receive a wireless signal including a CSI-RS transmitted based at least in part on at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition. The CSI-RS manager component 1108 can recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and the at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element.

[0174] Measuring component 1112 can generate a metric indicative of channel quality based at least in part on the recovered CSI-RS.

[0175] Fig.11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.11 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.11 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.11 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.11 The component set (one or more components) shown may be described as being executable by Fig.11 Another component shown may be a collection of components that perform one or more functions.

[0176] Fig.12 1 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1200 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. The apparatus 1200 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1200. In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 includes a receiving component 1202 and a transmitting component 1204, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 1200 may communicate with another apparatus 1206 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 1202 and the transmitting component 1204. As further shown, the apparatus 1200 may include a communication manager 150. The communication manager 150 may include one or more of a modulation manager component 1208 and / or a CSI-RS manager component 1210, etc.

[0177] In some aspects, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform FIG. 4A to FIG. 6 Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1200 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 8 The process of 800 Fig.10 In some aspects, Fig.12 The device 1200 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more components of the network node. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.12 One or more of the components shown may be combined with Figure 2 Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the component set may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or codes stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and may be executed by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0178] The receiving component 1202 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, from the device 1206. The receiving component 1202 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1200. In some aspects, the receiving component 1202 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 1200. In some aspects, the receiving component 1202 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiving processors, controllers / processors, memories or combinations thereof of the network node.

[0179] The transmitting component 1204 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to the device 1206. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 1200 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 1204 for transmission to the device 1206. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1204 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 1206. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1204 may include combining Figure 2 One or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the network node. In some aspects, the transmit component 1204 can be co-located with the receive component 1202 in a transceiver.

[0180] The modulation manager component 1208 can modulate a first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme, the wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration. The modulation manager component 1208 can modulate a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal including a CSI-RS. The transmitting component 1204 can transmit the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and transmit the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0181] The modulation manager component 1208 can modulate data as a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an OTFS modulation scheme.

[0182] The CSI-RS manager component 1210 can utilize the CSI-RS to puncture data in the time-frequency domain.

[0183] The modulation manager component 1208 can modulate the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme. The transmitting component 1204 can transmit a wireless signal including the CSI-RS based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0184] Fig.12 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as examples. In practice, there may be Fig.12 Additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner than those shown. Fig.12 Two or more components shown may be implemented in a single component, or Fig.12 The single component shown may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Fig.12 The component set (one or more components) shown may be described as being executable by Fig.12 Another component shown may be a collection of components that perform one or more functions.

[0185] The following provides an overview of some aspects of the disclosure:

[0186] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station, comprising: receiving a wireless signal by the mobile station and at least partially based on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulation part located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulation part being at least partially based on an orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) modulation scheme, and a second modulation part located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulation part being at least partially based on a second modulation scheme; and recovering a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) from the first modulation part or the second modulation part by the mobile station.

[0187] Aspect 2: A method according to aspect 1, wherein the second modulation scheme is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme, and wherein recovering the CSI-RS includes: recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation part based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

[0188] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2 further includes: recovering data from the first modulated part by the mobile station at least in part based on the OTFS modulation scheme.

[0189] Aspect 4: A method according to aspect 2 or aspect 3, wherein recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation part includes: recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation part based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

[0190] Aspect 5: A method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 4, wherein the time-frequency domain resource block includes multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each time-frequency domain resource element of the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding duration partition, and wherein recovering the CSI-RS from the second modulation part includes: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element of the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements.

[0191] Aspect 6: A method according to Aspect 5, wherein the at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, and the second time-frequency domain resource element includes at least some of the first modulation parts of the first modulation part of the wireless signal.

[0192] Aspect 7: A method according to Aspect 5 or Aspect 6, wherein recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at the beginning of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0193] Aspect 8: A method according to Aspect 5 or Aspect 6, wherein recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes: recovering the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at the end of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0194] Aspect 9: A method according to Aspect 5, wherein the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements include a set of time-frequency domain resource elements, the set of time-frequency domain resource elements includes at least some of the first modulation parts of the first modulation part of the wireless signal, and wherein recovering the CSI-RS also includes: recovering the CSI-RS as a truncation in the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements including at least some of the first modulation parts of the first modulation part of the wireless signal.

[0195] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9, wherein the puncturing in the time-frequency domain resource element set is time-frequency domain puncturing.

[0196] Aspect 11: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: modulating a first part of a wireless signal by the network node at least partially based on an orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation scheme, the wireless signal being at least partially based on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a duration; modulating a second part of the wireless signal by the network node at least partially based on a second modulation scheme, the second part of the wireless signal comprising a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); and sending the first part of the wireless signal by the network node at least partially based on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and sending the second part of the wireless signal at least partially based on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0197] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 11, wherein the second modulation scheme is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme, and wherein modulating the second part includes: modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

[0198] Aspect 13: The method according to aspect 12, further comprising: modulating data as the first part of the wireless signal based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

[0199] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 13, wherein modulating the data based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme further comprises: applying, by the network node, precoding to the data based at least in part on a two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform.

[0200] Aspect 15: The method according to Aspect 13 further includes: utilizing the CSI-RS by the network node to puncture the data in the time-frequency domain.

[0201] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, wherein puncturing the data in the time-frequency domain comprises: replacing at least a portion of the data with a portion of the CSI-RS.

[0202] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 16, wherein modulating the CSI-RS includes modulating the CSI-RS based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

[0203] Aspect 18: A method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 17, wherein the time-frequency domain resource block comprises a plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding duration partition, and wherein sending the wireless signal comprises: sending the CSI-RS as at least a part of the second part of the wireless signal based at least in part on at least one time-frequency domain resource element of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements.

[0204] Aspect 19: A method according to Aspect 18, wherein the at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, and the second time-frequency domain resource element includes at least some of the first parts of the first part of the wireless signal.

[0205] Aspect 20: A method according to Aspect 18, wherein sending the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes sending the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at the beginning of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0206] Aspect 21: A method according to Aspect 18, wherein sending the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element includes sending the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at the end of the time-frequency domain resource block.

[0207] Aspect 22: A method of wireless communication performed by a mobile station, comprising: receiving a wireless signal by the mobile station, the wireless signal comprising a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) sent at least partially based on at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition; and recovering the CSI-RS by the mobile station at least partially based on an orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation scheme and the at least one delayed Doppler domain resource element.

[0208] Aspect 23: A method according to Aspect 22, wherein the wireless signal includes a delay Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay Doppler domain resource block includes a plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements, each of the plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements is at least partially based on the delay span and the Doppler span, and wherein the at least one delay Doppler domain resource element is included in the plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements.

[0209] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23 further includes: recovering data from the wireless signal by the mobile station based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and a portion of the delay-Doppler domain resource block.

[0210] Aspect 25: The method according to aspect 23 or aspect 24, wherein at least a second delay-Doppler domain resource element among the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements comprises the CSI-RS.

[0211] Aspect 26: A method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 25, wherein the at least one delay Doppler domain resource element including the CSI-RS is at least a first delay Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay Doppler domain resource element among the multiple delay Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and wherein the at least first delay Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to the at least second delay Doppler domain resource element.

[0212] Aspect 27: The method according to any one of aspects 22 to 26, further comprising: generating a metric indicative of channel quality based at least in part on recovering the CSI-RS.

[0213] Aspect 28: The method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 27, wherein the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, and wherein the at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element comprises at least two orthogonal delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

[0214] Aspect 29: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: modulating a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) by a mobile station at least partially based on an orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation scheme; and sending a wireless signal including the CSI-RS by the mobile station at least partially based on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

[0215] Aspect 30: A method according to Aspect 29, wherein the wireless signal includes a delay Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay Doppler domain resource block includes a plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements, each of the plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements is at least partially based on the delay span and the Doppler span, and wherein the at least one delay Doppler domain resource is included in the plurality of delay Doppler domain resource elements.

[0216] Aspect 31: The method according to aspect 30, wherein at least two delay-Doppler domain resource elements of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements include the CSI-RS.

[0217] Aspect 32: A method according to Aspect 30 or Aspect 31, wherein the at least one delay Doppler domain resource element including the CSI-RS is at least a first delay Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay Doppler domain resource element among the multiple delay Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and wherein the at least first delay Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to the at least second delay Doppler domain resource element.

[0218] Aspect 33: A method according to any one of Aspects 29 to 32, wherein the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, wherein the at least one delay Doppler domain resource element includes at least two orthogonal delay Doppler domain resource elements, and wherein sending the wireless signal includes: using the at least two ports to send the wireless signal.

[0219] Aspect 34: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 1 to 10.

[0220] Aspect 35: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 11 to 21.

[0221] Aspect 36: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 22 to 28.

[0222] Aspect 37: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods described in Aspects 29 to 33.

[0223] Aspect 38: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute the method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 10 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0224] Aspect 39: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute one or more of the methods described in Aspects 11 to 21 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0225] Aspect 40: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 28 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0226] Aspect 41: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute one or more of the methods described in Aspects 29 to 33 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0227] Aspect 42: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 10.

[0228] Aspect 43: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 11 to 21.

[0229] Aspect 44: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 28.

[0230] Aspect 45: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 29 to 33.

[0231] Aspect 46: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 10.

[0232] Aspect 47: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 11 to 21.

[0233] Aspect 48: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 22 to 28.

[0234] Aspect 49: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 29 to 33.

[0235] Aspect 50: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 1 to 10.

[0236] Aspect 51: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 11 to 21.

[0237] Aspect 52: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 22 to 28.

[0238] Aspect 53: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more of the methods described in aspects 29 to 33.

[0239] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the foregoing disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the various aspects.

[0240] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other names, "software" should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures and / or functions, etc. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented by a combination of hardware and / or hardware and software in different forms. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods does not limit various aspects. Therefore, there is no reference to a specific software code herein to describe the operation and behavior of the system and / or method, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the system and / or method based at least in part on the description herein.

[0241] As used herein, "satisfying a threshold" may refer to a value being greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0242] Although the specific combination of features is set forth in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features can be combined in a manner that is not specifically described in the claims and / or is not disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim combined with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase "at least one of" the list of items refers to any combination of these items (it includes a single member). As an example, "at least one of a, b or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c and a+b+c, and any combination with multiple identical elements (for example, a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c and c+c+c, or any other sorting of a, b and c).

[0243] Any element, action or instruction used herein should not be interpreted as key or necessary, unless explicitly stated. In addition, as used herein, the article "one" is intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the article "said" is intended to include one or more items connected to the article "said", and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". In addition, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items, and can be used interchangeably with "one or more". If only intended to a project, the phrase "only one" or similar terms will be used. In addition, as used herein, the terms "have", "have" etc. are intended to be open terms, which do not limit the elements they modify (for example, "elements with" A can also have B). In addition, the phrase "based on" is intended to represent "based at least in part", unless explicitly stated otherwise. Additionally, as used herein, the term "or" when used in a series is intended to be open-ended and used interchangeably with "and / or" unless explicitly stated otherwise (eg, if used in conjunction with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a mobile station, comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: Receiving a wireless signal based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by at least a frequency span and a duration, the wireless signal comprising: a first modulated portion located in a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the first modulated portion being based at least in part on an Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation scheme, and a second modulated portion located in a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, the second modulated portion being based at least in part on a second modulation scheme; as well as A channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is recovered from the first modulation part or the second modulation part.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second modulation scheme is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme, and Wherein, in order to recover the CSI-RS, the one or more processors are configured to: The CSI-RS is recovered from the second modulated portion based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, the one or more processors are further configured to: Data is recovered from the first modulated portion based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein to recover the CSI-RS from the second modulated portion, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is recovered from the second modulated portion based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the time-frequency domain resource block comprises a plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding duration partition, and Wherein, in order to recover the CSI-RS from the second modulation part, the one or more processors are configured to: The CSI-RS is recovered based at least in part on at least one time-frequency-domain resource element of the plurality of time-frequency-domain resource elements.

6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among the multiple time-frequency domain resource elements, and the second time-frequency domain resource element includes at least some of the first modulation parts of the first modulation part of the wireless signal.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein to recover the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is recovered based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at the beginning of the time-frequency domain resource block.

8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements comprises a set of time-frequency domain resource elements, the set of time-frequency domain resource elements comprising at least some of the first modulated parts of the wireless signal, and Wherein, in order to recover the CSI-RS, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is restored as punctures in the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements including at least some of the first modulation parts of the wireless signal.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the puncturing in the set of time-frequency domain resource elements is time-frequency domain puncturing.

10. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: modulating a first portion of a wireless signal based at least in part on an Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation scheme, the wireless signal being based at least in part on a time-frequency domain resource block characterized by a frequency span and a time duration; modulating a second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on a second modulation scheme, the second portion of the wireless signal comprising a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); as well as The first portion of the wireless signal is transmitted based at least in part on a first partition of the time-frequency domain resource block, and the second portion of the wireless signal is transmitted based at least in part on a second partition of the time-frequency domain resource block.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second modulation scheme is an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme, and wherein to modulate the second portion, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is modulated based at least in part on the OFDM modulation scheme.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: Data is modulated as the first portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein to modulate the data based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: Precoding is applied to the data based at least in part on a two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, perform the following operations: The data is punctured in the time-frequency domain using the CSI-RS.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein to puncture the data in the time-frequency domain, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: At least a portion of the data is replaced with a portion of the CSI-RS.

16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein to modulate the CSI-RS, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is modulated based at least in part on a time-based symbol associated with the CSI-RS.

17. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the time-frequency domain resource block comprises a plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements, wherein each of the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements is characterized by a corresponding frequency span partition and a corresponding duration partition, and Wherein, in order to send the wireless signal, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is transmitted as at least a portion of the second portion of the wireless signal based at least in part on at least one time-frequency-domain resource element of the plurality of time-frequency-domain resource elements.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one time-frequency domain resource element is adjacent to a second time-frequency domain resource element among the plurality of time-frequency domain resource elements, the second time-frequency domain resource element comprising at least some of the first portion of the wireless signal.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein to transmit the CSI-RS based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element, the one or more processors are configured to perform the following operations based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: The CSI-RS is transmitted based at least in part on the at least one time-frequency domain resource element being positioned at an end of the time-frequency domain resource block.

20. An apparatus for wireless communication at a mobile station, comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: receiving a wireless signal comprising a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) transmitted based at least in part on at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by a Doppler frequency partition and a delay partition; and The CSI-RS is recovered based at least in part on an Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation scheme and the at least one Delay-Doppler domain resource element.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the wireless signal comprises a delay-Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay-Doppler domain resource block comprises a plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements, each of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is based at least in part on the delay span and the Doppler span, and The at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element is included in the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory, perform the following operations: Data is recovered from the wireless signal based at least in part on the OTFS modulation scheme and a portion of the delay-Doppler domain resource block.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein at least a second delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements comprises the CSI-RS.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element including the CSI-RS is at least a first delay-Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and The at least first delay-Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to the at least second delay-Doppler domain resource element.

25. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, and The at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element includes at least two orthogonal delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

26. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: Memory; and and one or more processors configured to, based at least in part on the information stored in the memory: modulating a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) based at least in part on an orthogonal time-frequency-space (OTFS) modulation scheme; and A wireless signal including the CSI-RS is transmitted based at least in part on including the CSI-RS in at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element characterized by at least a Doppler partition and a delay partition.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the wireless signal comprises a delay-Doppler domain resource block characterized by at least a delay span and a Doppler span, wherein the delay-Doppler domain resource block comprises a plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements, each of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is based at least in part on the delay span and the Doppler span, and The at least one delay-Doppler domain resource is included in the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein at least two consecutive delay-Doppler domain resource elements of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements comprise the CSI-RS.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element including the CSI-RS is at least a first delay-Doppler domain resource element, wherein at least a second delay-Doppler domain resource element of the plurality of delay-Doppler domain resource elements is configured as a guard tone, and The at least first delay-Doppler domain resource element is adjacent to the at least second delay-Doppler domain resource element.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the CSI-RS is associated with at least two ports, wherein the at least one delay-Doppler domain resource element comprises at least two orthogonal delay-Doppler domain resource elements, and Wherein, in order to send the wireless signal, the one or more processors are configured to: The wireless signal is transmitted using the at least two ports.

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