Micro-oscillation wear test device and test method in different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments

Abstract

The application provides a micro-tribological wear test device in different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, and the temperature of the experimental environment is accurately regulated through a heating unit, so that the stability of the experiment under the high-temperature environment is ensured. The micro-tribological wear behavior of the sample in the real working environment can be accurately simulated through the piezoelectric actuator control; the high-temperature environment, such as oxidation and corrosion, which may be encountered in actual industrial applications, can be simulated through the inert gas control module, so that the application range of the experiment is expanded; the sample clamps and the counterpart clamps can fix samples of different sizes and shapes, including steel wires and tubular samples, so that the flexibility and applicability of the experiment are greatly improved, and different experimental requirements are met; the temperature, normal force, friction force, vibration frequency and the like in the experimental process can be collected and monitored in real time through the data control module, so that the real-time visualization and accurate recording of the experimental results are provided, and subsequent data analysis and model establishment are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of fretting wear testing devices, specifically to a fretting wear testing device and testing method for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments. Background Technology

[0002] Fretting wear is a common and significant mechanical damage phenomenon in many industrial sectors, particularly in mechanical components in aerospace, energy, metallurgy, and automotive industries, where it is often a major factor leading to equipment failure and performance degradation. Fretting wear refers to a series of complex physicochemical processes, including contact fatigue, oxidative wear, and frictional damage, caused by slight relative motion between two contacting surfaces. This phenomenon becomes more pronounced as the operating temperature of equipment increases. Therefore, research on fretting wear under high-temperature environments is of great significance for developing materials for high-temperature operation and designing high-temperature resistant mechanical components. The fretting wear behavior of materials in high-temperature gas atmospheres may differ significantly from its wear mechanism at room temperature, as high temperatures trigger a series of effects such as thermal expansion, surface oxidation, and lubricant failure. Furthermore, different gas atmospheres (such as oxidizing, reducing, or inert gases) further alter the surface reactions of materials, affecting wear patterns and the degree of wear. Therefore, studying the fretting wear behavior under different high-temperature gas atmospheres has significant technical value for predicting and extending equipment lifespan and optimizing material design.

[0003] However, experimental setups and methods for fretting wear testing under different high-temperature gas environments are currently relatively scarce, especially for situations requiring precise control of multiple gas components and high stability under high-temperature conditions. Most existing fretting wear testing devices can only simulate wear behavior under normal temperature or limited atmospheric conditions, failing to meet the research needs of various complex high-temperature gas environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a micro-motion wear experimental device and testing method for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, in order to solve the technical problem that most existing technologies can only simulate wear behavior under normal temperature or limited atmosphere conditions, and cannot meet the research needs of various complex high-temperature gas environments.

[0005] This invention provides a fretting wear experimental apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, comprising:

[0006] The support frame has casters at the bottom and a wear test chamber at the top. The wear test chamber is connected to an inert gas control module and a data control module, and the inert gas control module is connected to the data control module.

[0007] The wear test chamber is equipped with a heating unit, a clamping unit, a tangential loading unit, a first normal loading unit, and a second normal loading unit. The clamping unit includes a sample clamp and a grinding pair clamp. The tangential loading unit includes a piezoelectric actuator, a tangential transmission component, and a tangential sealing connector. The first normal loading unit includes a helical force applicator, a first normal sealing connector, and a first normal transmission component. The second normal loading unit includes a second normal sealing connector and a second normal transmission component.

[0008] One side of the tangential drive component is connected to one side of the sample clamp, and one end of the tangential drive component is sequentially connected to a tangential sealing connector and a piezoelectric actuator. The other side of the tangential drive component is connected to one end of a first normal drive component, and the other end of the first normal drive component is sequentially connected to a first normal sealing connector and a helical force applicator. The other side of the sample clamp is connected to the side near the grinding pair clamp, and the other side of the grinding pair clamp is connected to one end of a second normal drive component. The other end of the second normal drive component is connected to a second normal sealing connector. The piezoelectric actuator and the helical force applicator are respectively connected to the data control module.

[0009] The heating unit includes a heating rod and a thermocouple. The heating rod is located on the periphery of the sample clamp and the grinding pair clamp. The thermocouple is located close to the heating rod and connected to the data control module.

[0010] Optionally, the tangential sealing connector, the first normal sealing connector, and the second normal sealing connector each include:

[0011] One end of the tangential transmission component, the other end of the first normal transmission component, or the other end of the second normal transmission component are sequentially fitted with an inner sleeve and one end of the inner sleeve base from the inside out. One end of the tangential transmission component, the other end of the first normal transmission component, or the other end of the second normal transmission component is fixedly connected to one end of the inner sleeve base by an inner sleeve pressure cap. A connecting chuck is fitted around the periphery of the inner sleeve base. One end of the bellows is connected to the other end of the inner sleeve base. An inner connecting sleeve, an inner support sleeve, and an outer sealing sleeve are sequentially fitted around the periphery of the other end of the inner sleeve base from the inside out. The other end of the bellows is connected to one end of the support sleeve and fixed by an outer sleeve clamping nut. An outer sleeve clamping nut is connected to the other end of the support sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, one side of the tangential transmission member is connected to one side of the sample clamp, including:

[0013] The sample fixture includes a tangential tie rod fixture, a sample base, and a sample clamping screw. The tangential tie rod fixture is fixed to one side of the tangential transmission component. The sample base is detachably connected to the tangential tie rod fixture. The test sample is placed inside the sample base and fixed by the sample clamping screw.

[0014] Optionally, the other side of the sample clamp is connected to a side close to the grinding pair clamp, and the other side of the grinding pair clamp is connected to one end of the second normal transmission member, including:

[0015] The grinding pair fixture has a secondary sample inside, and the side of the grinding pair fixture closer to the secondary sample abuts against the other side of the sample fixture, while the other side of the grinding pair fixture away from the secondary sample is connected to one end of the second normal transmission member.

[0016] Optionally, the wear test chamber includes:

[0017] The wear test chamber is formed by enclosing a metal plate, with a cavity formed inside. The heating unit, clamping unit, tangential loading unit, first normal loading unit and second normal loading unit are all located in the cavity. The cavity is made of alumina ceramic fiber sandwich and pressure-bearing boundary metal plate from the inside to the outside. The front of the wear test chamber has an openable door that extends through the cavity.

[0018] Optionally, the inert gas control module includes:

[0019] The test chamber includes a sampling and measurement unit, an inert gas filling unit, an inert gas exhaust unit, and a vacuum unit. The wear test chamber is provided with a sampling port, a filling port, a vacuum port, and an exhaust port extending into the chamber. The inert gas filling unit includes a manifold, a pressure reducing valve, a flow controller, a gas distribution buffer tank, a safety valve, and a filling solenoid valve. One end of the gas manifold is connected to a gas tank, and the other end converges at one end of the main gas pipeline. The other end of the main gas pipeline is connected to the filling port, and the pressure reducing valve, flow controller, gas distribution buffer tank, safety valve, and filling solenoid valve are sequentially installed at the other end of the main gas pipeline.

[0020] The inert gas exhaust unit includes an exhaust pipe, an electric regulating valve, and an exhaust electric cooler. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust port, and the other end is connected to the exhaust electric cooler. The electric regulating valve is located on the exhaust pipe near the exhaust port.

[0021] The sampling and measurement unit includes a sampling tube, a sampling electric cooler, and an analyzer. One end of the sampling tube is connected to a sampling hole, and the other end is connected to the sampling electric cooler and the analyzer in sequence. The analyzer is connected to a data control module.

[0022] The vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, and a vacuum solenoid valve. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to a vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the vacuum solenoid valve and the vacuum pump in sequence.

[0023] This invention also provides a testing method for a fretting wear experimental device under different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, comprising:

[0024] S1. The wear test chamber is evacuated using the inert gas control module, and the inert gas required for the experiment is injected.

[0025] S2. Place the sample into the clamping unit and fix it, and control the heating unit to heat it up to the experimental temperature through the data control module.

[0026] S3. Drive the tangential loading unit and the first normal loading unit through the data control module to start the fretting wear experiment and record the experimental parameters.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention:

[0028] 1. The temperature of the experimental environment is precisely controlled by the heating unit to ensure the stability of the experiment under high temperature conditions.

[0029] 2. The piezoelectric actuator control enables precise simulation of the fretting wear behavior of samples under real working conditions. Furthermore, the inert gas control module simulates high-temperature environments such as oxidation and corrosion that may be encountered in actual industrial applications, thus expanding the scope of experimental applications.

[0030] 3. The sample clamps and grinding pairs can fix samples of different sizes and shapes, including steel wire and tubular samples, which greatly improves the flexibility and applicability of the experiment and meets different experimental needs.

[0031] 4. The data control module can collect and monitor temperature, normal force, friction force, vibration frequency and other parameters in real time during the experiment, providing real-time visualization and accurate recording of experimental results, which is convenient for subsequent data analysis and model building. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the supporting frame in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the wear test chamber in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tangential loading unit, the first normal loading unit, and the second normal loading unit in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sample clamp in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding pair fixture in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the contact between the sample fixture and the grinding pair fixture in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of any one of the tangential sealing connector, the first normal sealing connector, and the second normal sealing connector in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bellows assembly method in this invention;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly method of the jacket pressure cap in this invention;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall fretting wear test device in this invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the four-level seal structure in this invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Support frame; 2. Casters; 201; Adjustable support feet; 3. Wear test chamber; 401. Sample clamp; 4011. Sample base; 4012. Tangential tie rod clamp; 4013. Sample clamping screw; 4014. Steel wire sample; 402. Grinding pair clamp; 4021. Upper clamp for tube sample; 4022. Lower clamp for tube sample; 4023. Tube sample; 501. Piezoelectric actuator; 502. Tangential transmission component; 503. Tangential sealing connector; 601. Screw force applicator; 602. First normal sealing connector; 603. First normal transmission component; 604. Force sensor; 701. Second normal sealing connector; 702. Second normal transmission component; 801. Addition... 802. Thermocouple; 901. Inner jacket; 902. Inner jacket base; 903. Inner jacket pressure cap; 904. Bellows; 905. Inner connecting sleeve; 906. Inner support sleeve; 907. Outer sealing sleeve; 908. Inner retaining ring; 909. Support sleeve; 910. Outer retaining ring; 911. Outer sleeve clamping nut; 912. Outer jacket clamping nut; 913. Connecting chuck; 914. Outer jacket; 915. Outer jacket base; 916. Piezoelectric actuator support sleeve; 1001. Alumina ceramic fiber interlayer; 1002. Pressure-bearing boundary metal plate; 1003. Chamber; 1011. Sampling port; 1012. Inflation port; 1013. Vacuum port; 1014. Exhaust port. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other implementation cases obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Functional units with the same reference numerals in the examples of this invention have the same and similar structures and functions.

[0048] See Figure 1 This invention provides a fretting wear experimental apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, comprising:

[0049] The support frame 1 has casters 2 at its bottom and wear test chamber 3 at its top. The wear test chamber 3 is connected to an inert gas control module and a data control module, and the inert gas control module is connected to the data control module.

[0050] The wear test chamber 3 is equipped with a heating unit, a clamping unit, a tangential loading unit, a first normal loading unit, and a second normal loading unit. The clamping unit includes a sample clamp 401 and a grinding pair clamp 402. The tangential loading unit includes a piezoelectric actuator 501, a tangential transmission component 502, and a tangential sealing connector 503. The first normal loading unit includes a helical force applicator 601, a first normal sealing connector 602, and a first normal transmission component 603. The second normal loading unit includes a second normal sealing connector 701 and a second normal transmission component 702.

[0051] One side of the tangential transmission member 502 is connected to one side of the sample clamp 401, and one end of the tangential transmission member 502 is sequentially connected to the tangential sealing connector 503 and the piezoelectric actuator 501. The other side of the tangential transmission member 502 is connected to one end of the first normal transmission member 603. The other end of the first normal transmission member 603 is sequentially connected to the first normal sealing connector 602 and the helical force applicator 601. The other side of the sample clamp 401 is connected to the side close to the grinding pair clamp 402. The other side of the grinding pair clamp 402 is connected to one end of the second normal transmission member 702. The other end of the second normal transmission member 702 is connected to the second normal sealing connector 701. The piezoelectric actuator 501 and the helical force applicator 601 are respectively connected to the data control module.

[0052] The heating unit includes a heating rod 801 and a thermocouple 802. The heating rod 801 is disposed on the periphery of the sample clamp 401 and the grinding pair clamp 402. The thermocouple 802 is disposed close to the heating rod 801 and connected to the data control module.

[0053] In this embodiment, the upper part of the micro-motion wear test device is set as the wear test chamber 3, which is fixed on the metal support frame 1 with casters 2 at the bottom for easy transportation. Adjustable support feet with soft pads are installed next to the casters 2 to fix the test device, so as to minimize the impact of external vibration on the test device when the experiment is carried out.

[0054] The wear test chamber 3 is formed by enclosing a metal plate, with a chamber 1003 formed inside. The heating unit, clamping unit, tangential loading unit, first normal loading unit, and second normal loading unit are all located in the chamber 1003. The chamber 1003 is constructed from the inside out with an alumina ceramic fiber interlayer 1001 and a pressure-bearing boundary metal plate 1002. The alumina ceramic fiber material is used to reduce heat loss and ensure the stability of the high-temperature environment. The wear test chamber 3 has a movable door that extends through the chamber 1003 on the front. The movable door can be a single door and is sealed by a latch. The furnace door and other joints are made of high-temperature resistant sealing material to ensure airtightness and prevent gas leakage and infiltration of outside air.

[0055] The wear test chamber 3 is equipped with a heating unit, a clamping unit, a tangential loading unit, a first normal loading unit, and a second normal loading unit. The clamping unit includes a sample clamp 401 and a grinding pair clamp 402. In this embodiment, the sample clamp 401 and the grinding pair clamp 402 are exemplified as a wire sample clamp 4014 clamp and a pipe sample clamp, respectively, which can fix pipe samples 4023 and wire samples 4014 of different lengths and outer diameters. The tangential loading unit includes a piezoelectric actuator 501, a tangential transmission component 502, and a tangential sealing connector 503. The first normal loading unit includes a helical force applicator 601, a first normal sealing connector 602, and a first normal transmission component 603. The second normal loading unit includes a second normal sealing connector 701 and a second normal transmission component 702.

[0056] One side of the tangential drive member 502 is connected to one side of the sample clamp 401, and one end of the tangential drive member 502 is sequentially connected to the tangential sealing connector 503 and the piezoelectric actuator 501. The other side of the tangential drive member 502 is connected to one end of the first normal drive member 603. The other end of the first normal drive member 603 is sequentially connected to the first normal sealing connector 602 and the helical force applicator 601. The other side of the sample clamp 401 is connected to the side near the grinding pair clamp 402. The other side of the grinding pair clamp 402 is connected to one end of the second normal drive member 702. The other end of the second normal drive member 702 is connected to the second normal sealing connector 701. The piezoelectric actuator 501 and the helical force applicator 601 are respectively connected to the data control module.

[0057] The steel wire sample 4014 is provided with a clamp including a tangential tie rod clamp 4012, a sample base 4011, and a sample clamping screw 4013. The tangential tie rod clamp 4012 is fixed to one side of the tangential transmission component 502. The steel wire sample base 4011 is detachably connected to the tangential tie rod clamp 4012. The test sample is placed inside the steel wire sample base 4011 and fixed by the sample clamping screw 4013.

[0058] The tube sample clamp fixes the tube sample 4023 by clamping the upper tube sample clamp 4021 and the lower tube sample clamp 4022 together, and fixes it to one end of the second normal transmission member 702 by a screw.

[0059] Since the tangential transmission component 502 is connected to the tangential sealing connector 503, the steel wire sample 4014 clamp on the tangential transmission component 502 is driven by the tangential sealing connector 503 to slide tangentially. In the first normal loading unit, a constant normal load is applied by the helical force applicator 601 through the connected first normal sealing connector 602, and the normal force is transmitted through the first normal transmission component 603. The second normal sealing connector 701 is connected to the tube sample clamp through the second normal transmission component 702, so that the tube sample clamp abuts against the steel wire sample 4014 clamp. The transmitted normal force causes the steel wire sample 4014 clamp and the tube sample clamp to contact and bear the normal load, thereby conducting experimental research on the fretting erosion characteristics under different normal loads.

[0060] The piezoelectric actuator 501 connected to the end of the tangential sealing connector 503 away from the tangential transmission component 502 outputs a push-pull force of a certain frequency. The push-pull force drives the steel wire sample 4014 clamp through the tangential sealing connector 503 to achieve a tangential displacement of 0 to 200 μm. Different piezoelectric actuators 501 can be replaced according to actual needs to achieve both normal force application and normal impact. Different excitation modes can be achieved by control, including sine (cosine), triangular wave, and random wave, with a frequency of 0 to 100 Hz. Its sealing connection structure is consistent, easy to replace, and has easy expansion characteristics.

[0061] In the first normal loading unit, the helical force applicator 601 connected to the end of the first normal sealing connector 602 away from the first normal transmission component 603 outputs a normal preload through the first normal sealing connector 602 and the first normal transmission component 603. A force sensor 604 can be installed for real-time monitoring, with a monitoring range of 0 to 200 N. By applying a normal load, the tube sample 4023 and the wire sample 4014 are compressed. The tube sample 4023 remains stationary, while the wire sample 4014 reciprocates at a predetermined frequency and amplitude under the action of the tangential loading unit.

[0062] To ensure the reliability of the experiment, the airtightness of the system must be guaranteed to prevent the ingress of external air or leakage of internal gas, thus ensuring experimental accuracy and safety. Since the loading unit involves dynamic sealing and has a high-temperature boundary, a multi-stage labyrinth seal from the outside in is employed. Therefore, the tangential sealing connector 503, the first normal sealing connector 602, and the second normal sealing connector 701 all include:

[0063] One end of the tangential transmission component 502, the other end of the first normal transmission component 603, or the other end of the second normal transmission component 702 are sequentially fitted with an inner sleeve 901 and one end of the inner sleeve base 902 from the inside out. An inner sleeve cap 903 fixes one end of the tangential transmission component 502, the other end of the first normal transmission component 603, or the other end of the second normal transmission component 702 to one end of the inner sleeve base 902. A connecting chuck 913 is fitted around the periphery of the inner sleeve base 902. At this time, the inner sleeve cap 903 and the connecting chuck 913 form a primary seal, blocking the connection between the inside and outside of the wear test chamber 3. One end of the bellows 904 is connected to the other end of the inner sleeve base 902. The other end of the inner jacket base 902 is fitted with an inner connecting sleeve 905, an inner support sleeve 906, and an outer sealing sleeve 907 sequentially from the inside out. An inner retaining ring 908 is also provided at the junction of the outer sealing sleeve 907 and the inner jacket base 902 to enhance the seal. At this time, one end of the bellows 904 forms a secondary seal through the outer sealing sleeve. The other end of the bellows 904 is connected to one end of the support sleeve and fixed by the outer retaining ring 910 and the outer sleeve clamping nut 911. Since the bellows 904 is similar to a spring, the outer sleeve clamping nut 911 tightly presses against the bellows 904. The outer retaining ring 910 improves the sealing effect. The inner connecting sleeve 905, with the cooperation of the outer jacket clamping nut 912, achieves a tertiary seal. (See also...) Figure 11 In the tangential loading unit, since the jacket is similar to a conical structure with gaps, the piezoelectric actuator 501 is cylindrical and is connected to the other end of the piezoelectric actuator support sleeve 916 through the holes of the outer jacket clamping nut 912 and the outer jacket 914. The outer jacket clamping cap 912 is fixed on the outer jacket base 915. The tighter it is screwed, the tighter the conical fit between the outer jacket 914 and the outer jacket clamping nut 912, and the smaller the gap of the outer jacket 914, which clamps the piezoelectric actuator 501 more tightly. By reducing the gap, a four-level seal is achieved.

[0064] In the heating unit, the heating rod 801 is preferably a silicon carbide rod. The heating rod 801 can be set on the left, right, and rear sides of the sample clamp 401 and the grinding pair clamp 402. The temperature inside the test unit is regulated through a connected data control module. PID temperature control uses a programmable temperature controller, and the intelligent temperature adjustment range is 20-1200℃. The data control module heats the test unit to the specified temperature by controlling the electric heating of the silicon carbide rod. The core of the heating unit is the built-in electric heating rod 801 and the platinum-rhodium thermocouple 802. The temperature inside the experimental chamber is collected by the platinum-rhodium thermocouple 802 and fed back to the data control module. The data control module then controls the current output to the electric heating rod 801 to achieve precise temperature control. Each electric heating unit can be individually controlled in terms of heating power, ensuring that the system can accurately simulate different temperature conditions.

[0065] The inert gas control module includes a sampling and measurement unit, an inert gas filling unit, an inert gas exhaust unit, and a vacuum unit; the wear test chamber 3 is provided with a sampling hole 1011, a filling hole 1012, a vacuum hole 1013, and an exhaust hole 1014 that penetrate into the chamber 1003.

[0066] The inert gas filling unit includes a gas manifold, a pressure reducing valve, a flow controller, a gas distribution buffer tank, a safety valve, and a filling solenoid valve. One end of the gas manifold is connected to different gas tanks to ensure a continuous and stable gas supply. Gas tanks can be flexibly switched via the manifold, ensuring that the gas supply does not need to be interrupted after a single gas tank is depleted. Multiple gas tanks of each type are used for gas supply to ensure sufficient gas reserves. The other end of the manifold converges at one end of the main gas pipeline, which is connected to the filling port 1012. The other end of the main gas pipeline is sequentially equipped with the pressure reducing valve, flow controller, gas distribution buffer tank, safety valve, and filling solenoid valve.

[0067] The pressure reducing valve is mainly used to reduce the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas tank to the working pressure required for the experiment. This process ensures that the gas is supplied downstream at a stable and safe pressure.

[0068] A flow controller primarily adjusts the gas supply according to experimental requirements, ensuring that the gas concentration or pressure is maintained at a set value. Flow controllers are typically connected to a control system via electronic signals to monitor and adjust the flow rate in real time.

[0069] Gas distribution buffer tanks mainly serve to stabilize gas flow. After gas enters the system from multiple gas tanks through manifolds and pressure reducing valves, the gas flow may fluctuate or pulsate. Buffer tanks can absorb these unstable fluctuations to ensure that the gas flow received by downstream equipment is more stable.

[0070] The safety valve is a critical protective device in the system, used to prevent system overpressure. If the gas pressure in the tank exceeds the set safety value, the safety valve will automatically open to release excess gas, preventing damage to the equipment or causing a safety accident. The system is equipped with a drain valve to discharge residual or waste gas from the pipeline when needed. During gas switching or system maintenance, the drain valve can be used to quickly empty residual gas from the pipeline, preventing residual gas from affecting subsequent experiments. The solenoid valve can automatically open or close according to the control system's instructions to control gas flow. In this way, the solenoid valve can precisely control the gas supply and stop, allowing the system to flexibly adjust the gas supply according to experimental needs. When gas supply needs to be started, the solenoid valve opens; when gas supply is not needed or needs to be stopped, the solenoid valve closes. The electrically adjustable valve can precisely regulate the gas flow rate by controlling the valve opening.

[0071] The inert gas exhaust unit includes an exhaust pipe, an electric regulating valve, and an exhaust electric cooler. The exhaust flow rate of the inert gas exhaust unit directly affects the exhaust speed and the gas pressure balance within the test unit. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust port 1014, and the other end is connected to the exhaust electric cooler. The electric regulating valve is located near the exhaust port 1014 on the exhaust pipe. Through flexible adjustment of the electric regulating valve, the flow rate during the exhaust process can be ensured to be stable and controllable, avoiding sudden excessively fast or slow gas discharge. Simultaneously, it is connected to a data control module, enabling dynamic adjustment of the gas discharge rate to ensure a gradual decrease in system pressure, preventing sudden pressure changes or excessively rapid gas release.

[0072] The sampling and measurement unit includes a sampling tube, a sampling electric cooler, and an analyzer. One end of the sampling tube is connected to a sampling port 1011, and the other end is connected to the sampling electric cooler and the analyzer in sequence. The analyzer is connected to a data control module. The analyzer can use an oxygen concentration analyzer to monitor the oxygen content in the gas inside the chamber, determine the content of inert gas components in the experimental chamber, and feed back the collected gas component data to the data control module. The data control module outputs a signal to continuously adjust the valve, thereby simulating different gas atmosphere environments.

[0073] The vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, and a vacuum solenoid valve. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to a vacuum tube, and the other end is connected to the vacuum solenoid valve and the vacuum pump in sequence.

[0074] The data control module includes a data acquisition system and a data control system (computer). The data acquisition system has a built-in data acquisition program that periodically collects key data such as flow rate, pressure, temperature, and oxygen content, as well as normal force, friction force, excitation frequency, and displacement amplitude through various sensors. By editing the acquired data, it can achieve visualized output of erosion power and display friction force-displacement amplitude curves. The data control system uses control software to set experimental parameters, start and stop experiments, and record and analyze experimental data. The control system can not only achieve real-time monitoring but also perform long-term data recording, facilitating subsequent analysis and visualization. Based on these components, fretting wear tests simulating real service environments can be conducted, thereby providing data support for exploring the fretting wear mechanism in high-temperature gas atmospheres and establishing fretting wear prediction models.

[0075] The present invention uses a piezoelectric actuator 501 to precisely control the micro-displacement of the sample, with a displacement range of 0 to 200 μm. This device can accurately simulate the micro-displacement wear behavior of materials under real working conditions, especially for the study of micro-displacement friction characteristics under high temperature conditions and complex gas atmospheres.

[0076] Furthermore, through the inert gas filling and exhaust unit, the system can conduct experiments in different gas atmospheres to simulate high-temperature environments such as oxidation and corrosion that may be encountered in actual industrial applications, thus expanding the scope of experimental applications.

[0077] Secondly, the heating unit can precisely control the temperature of the experimental environment (range of 20 to 1200℃) to ensure the stability of the experiment under high temperature conditions. Furthermore, the heating rod 801 inside the heating unit can be independently controlled to achieve precise adjustment of multiple temperature zones.

[0078] Then, with the adjustable clamps, the device can fix samples of different sizes and shapes, including steel wires, tubular samples, etc., which greatly improves the flexibility and applicability of the experiment and meets different experimental needs.

[0079] Finally, the data control module can collect and monitor key data such as temperature, normal force, friction force, vibration frequency, and displacement in real time, generate friction force-displacement curves, and provide real-time visualization and accurate recording of experimental results, which facilitates subsequent data analysis and model building.

[0080] This invention also provides a testing method for a fretting wear experimental device under different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, comprising:

[0081] S1. The wear test chamber 201, adjustable support feet, and 3 are evacuated using the inert gas control module, and the required inert gas is injected.

[0082] S2. Place the sample into the clamping unit and fix it, and control the heating unit to heat it up to the experimental temperature through the data control module.

[0083] S3. Drive the tangential loading unit and the first normal loading unit through the data control module to start the fretting wear experiment and record the experimental parameters.

[0084] In this embodiment, at the start of the experiment, all system instruments are first tested to ensure that they are functioning normally, including temperature, pressure, oxygen concentration, and normal force. Then, the system is evacuated multiple times using a vacuum pump to remove the air. Subsequently, the inert gas filling and emptying unit is started to inject the inert gas required for the experiment. If necessary, the evacuation and inert gas injection are repeated. By monitoring the oxygen concentration in the cavity, the composition content of the inert gas in the experimental cavity can be determined.

[0085] The heating unit is activated, heating the test unit to the designated temperature via electric heating. Each unit can be controlled independently, ensuring the system can simulate different temperature conditions. The core of the heating unit is the built-in electric heating rod 801 and thermocouple 802, achieving precise temperature control by adjusting the current. Until the pre-experimental temperature is reached, as the temperature rises, the wear test chamber 201 and adjustable support feet increase pressure. When the pressure becomes excessive, the pressure relief valve is activated, and automatic feedback adjustment can be achieved by the computer. Once the pressure, temperature, and atmosphere within the chamber meet the experimental requirements, the fretting abrasion test machine is activated. Based on the experimental parameters, it outputs the corresponding normal force, displacement amplitude, and vibration frequency, adjusting to the preset conditions to conduct the fretting abrasion test. During the test, the system monitors and records parameters such as temperature, pressure, oxygen concentration, airflow rate, normal force, displacement amplitude, and vibration frequency. Remote control is available when necessary to ensure smooth test execution.

[0086] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0087] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A fretting wear experimental apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments, characterized in that, include: The support frame has casters at the bottom and a wear test chamber at the top. The wear test chamber is connected to an inert gas control module and a data control module, and the inert gas control module is connected to the data control module. The wear test chamber is equipped with a heating unit, a clamping unit, a tangential loading unit, a first normal loading unit, and a second normal loading unit. The clamping unit includes a sample clamp and a grinding pair clamp. The tangential loading unit includes a piezoelectric actuator, a tangential transmission component, and a tangential sealing connector. The first normal loading unit includes a helical force applicator, a first normal sealing connector, and a first normal transmission component. The second normal loading unit includes a second normal sealing connector and a second normal transmission component. Each of the tangential sealing connector, the first normal sealing connector, and the second normal sealing connector includes one end of the tangential transmission component, the other end of the first normal transmission component, or the second normal transmission component. One end of the transmission component is sequentially fitted with an inner sleeve and an inner sleeve base from the inside out. One end of the tangential transmission component, the other end of the first normal transmission component, or the other end of the second normal transmission component is fixedly connected to one end of the inner sleeve base by an inner sleeve pressure cap. A connecting chuck is fitted around the periphery of the inner sleeve base. One end of the bellows is connected to the other end of the inner sleeve base. An inner connecting sleeve, an inner support sleeve, and an outer sealing sleeve are sequentially fitted around the periphery of the other end of the inner sleeve base from the inside out. The other end of the bellows is connected to one end of the support sleeve and fixed by an outer sleeve pressure nut. An outer sleeve pressure nut is connected to the other end of the support sleeve. One side of the tangential drive component is connected to one side of the sample clamp, and one end of the tangential drive component is sequentially connected to a tangential sealing connector and a piezoelectric actuator. The other side of the tangential drive component is connected to one end of a first normal drive component, and the other end of the first normal drive component is sequentially connected to a first normal sealing connector and a helical force applicator. The other side of the sample clamp is connected to one side of the grinding pair clamp, and the other side of the grinding pair clamp is connected to one end of a second normal drive component. The other end of the second normal drive component is connected to a second normal sealing connector. The piezoelectric actuator and the helical force applicator are respectively connected to the data control module. The heating unit includes a heating rod and a thermocouple. The heating rod is disposed on the periphery of the sample clamp and the grinding pair clamp. The thermocouple is disposed close to the heating rod and connected to the data control module. The inert gas control module includes a sampling and measurement unit, an inert gas filling unit, an inert gas exhaust unit, and a vacuum unit. The wear test chamber is provided with a sampling hole, a filling hole, a vacuum hole, and an exhaust hole that penetrate into the chamber. The inert gas filling unit includes a manifold, a pressure reducing valve, a flow controller, a gas distribution buffer tank, a safety valve, and a filling solenoid valve. One end of the manifold is connected to a gas tank, and the other end is connected to one end of the main gas pipeline. The other end of the main gas pipeline is connected to the filling hole, and the pressure reducing valve, flow controller, gas distribution buffer tank, safety valve, and filling solenoid valve are sequentially arranged at the other end of the main gas pipeline. The inert gas exhaust unit includes an exhaust pipe, an electric regulating valve, and an exhaust electric cooler. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust port, and the other end is connected to the exhaust electric cooler. The electric regulating valve is located on the exhaust pipe near the exhaust port. The sampling and measurement unit includes a sampling tube, a sampling electric cooler, and an analyzer. One end of the sampling tube is connected to a sampling hole, and the other end is connected to the sampling electric cooler and the analyzer in sequence. The analyzer is connected to a data control module. The vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum pump, and a vacuum solenoid valve. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to a vacuum port, and the other end is connected to the vacuum solenoid valve and the vacuum pump in sequence.

2. The fretting wear test apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the tangential transmission component is connected to one side of the sample clamp, including: The sample fixture includes a tangential tie rod fixture, a sample base, and a sample clamping screw. The tangential tie rod fixture is fixed to one side of the tangential transmission component. The sample base is detachably connected to the tangential tie rod fixture. The test sample is placed inside the sample base and fixed by the sample clamping screw.

3. The fretting wear test apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The other side of the sample clamp is connected to one side of the grinding pair clamp, and the other side of the grinding pair clamp is connected to one end of the second normal transmission member, including: The grinding pair fixture has a secondary sample inside, and the side of the grinding pair fixture closer to the secondary sample abuts against the other side of the sample fixture, while the other side of the grinding pair fixture away from the secondary sample is connected to one end of the second normal transmission member.

4. The fretting wear test apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmosphere environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wear test chamber includes: The wear test chamber is formed by enclosing a metal plate, with a cavity formed inside. The heating unit, clamping unit, tangential loading unit, first normal loading unit and second normal loading unit are all located in the cavity. The cavity is made of alumina ceramic fiber sandwich and pressure-bearing boundary metal plate from the inside to the outside. The front of the wear test chamber has an openable door that extends through the cavity.

5. A testing method using the fretting wear testing apparatus for different high-temperature gas atmospheres as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: S1. The wear test chamber is evacuated using the inert gas control module, and the inert gas required for the experiment is injected. S2. Place the sample into the clamping unit and fix it, and control the heating unit to heat it up to the experimental temperature through the data control module. S3. Drive the tangential loading unit and the first normal loading unit through the data control module to start the fretting wear experiment and record the experimental parameters.

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