Radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The invention provides a radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor which is different from a common three-phase alternating current motor, a motor stator of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor is formed by overlapping silicon steel sheets with barrel-shaped interiors and armature slots and armature teeth for winding, and a stator coil is wound in a mode of crossing three armature slots and surrounding two armature teeth; the cylindrical rotor is radially provided with the permanent magnets with magnetic lines perpendicular to the motor rotating shaft, the magnetic lines generated by the stator and the rotor are perpendicular to the motor shaft, the motor can be directly used on a three-phase alternating current power supply without a driver, the rotating speed can be adjusted through an alternating current frequency converter, and the motor is an efficient permanent magnet brushless motor. The brushless motor driver can be used for driving operation, all south and north poles of the magnetic rotor containing the permanent magnets are driven during driving each time, and high electric energy driving efficiency and high power density are achieved. Energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved in industrial power application, and the three-phase alternating current motor has the application prospect of replacing a three-phase alternating current motor which is widely used at present and is of great significance.

Description

[0001] The invention discloses a radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor. Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of three-phase AC motors and brushless motors. Background technology:

[0003] The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor is a new type of product that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0004] The three-phase AC motor is a typical main way of converting electric energy into mechanical energy in industrial applications. Its principle is that a three-phase winding coil is wound on a cylindrical stator. When three-phase AC is passed through, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and a current is induced on the squirrel-cage rotor and a magnetic field on the rotor is generated. The magnetic fields of the stator and the rotor interact with each other, driving the rotor to rotate and output mechanical energy. In the existing technology, the induced current is reduced and loss is generated due to the air gap that must exist between the stator and the rotor during the process of inducing current on the squirrel-cage rotor of the motor, and the current is induced on the squirrel-cage rotor and the magnetic field on the rotor will also have loss again, which reduces the efficiency of the motor. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor of the present invention directly acts the rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase AC on the stator on the rotor with permanent magnets, drives the rotor to rotate, and improves the conversion efficiency of electric energy to output mechanical energy. At the same time, the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor is also a high-efficiency permanent magnet brushless motor, which can be used in industrial power applications for energy saving, emission reduction, green and low carbon. It has very important significance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor of the present invention, the magnetic force lines of the stator and the rotor are perpendicular to the cylindrical rotor shaft. The permanent magnets on the rotor are radially installed on the rotor cylinder, and their magnetic force lines are perpendicular to the rotor shaft. The motor stator is composed of silicon steel sheets with a cylindrical interior and armature slots and armature teeth for winding. The stator coils thereon are wound in a distributed manner across three armature slots around two armature teeth. The magnetic force lines generated by the stator and the rotor are perpendicular to the motor shaft. It can be used directly on a three-phase AC power supply without a driver, and can also be speed-regulated by a frequency converter. Compared with traditional three-phase AC motors with the same specifications, the motor efficiency and power are improved. The present invention is also a permanent magnet brushless motor, which can be driven and operated by a brushless motor driver, and all the north and south poles of the magnetic rotor containing permanent magnets are driven each time it is driven, thereby improving efficiency and increasing torque and driving power. Therefore, it is named a radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor.

[0006] The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor of the present invention can also be adjusted via a three-phase AC inverter with adjustable output frequency. The three phase lines output by the AC inverter are respectively connected to the three input ends of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor, and the frequency of the three-phase AC power output by the inverter is changed to achieve the purpose of adjusting the speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a stator M1 with three-phase 12 armature teeth and distributed winding.

[0008] Figure 2 For ease of understanding Figure 1 The decomposition only shows the winding diagram of one phase winding (U phase) on the stator.

[0009] Figure 3 For ease of understanding Figure 1 The decomposition only shows the winding diagram of one phase winding (V phase) on the stator.

[0010] Figure 4 It is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U-phase current is 0 degrees.

[0011] Figure 5 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U-phase current is 30 degrees.

[0012] Figure 6 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U-phase current is 60 degrees.

[0013] Figure 7 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 90 degrees.

[0014] Figure 8 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U-phase current is 120 degrees.

[0015] Fig. 9 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U-phase current is 150 degrees.

[0016] Fig.10 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 180 degrees.

[0017] Fig.11 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 210 degrees.

[0018] Fig.12 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 240 degrees.

[0019] Fig.13 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 270 degrees.

[0020] Fig.14 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 300 degrees.

[0021] Fig.15 This is the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram for the rotor when the U-phase current is 330 degrees.

[0022] Figure 16 to Figure 21 This is a diagram of the magnetic field generated by the six driving states when used as a brushless motor and the drive to the rotor.

[0023] Fig. 22 This is the winding diagram when the V phase is wound in the opposite direction to the other two phases.

[0024] Fig.23 Yes Fig. 22 When the V phase is wound in the opposite direction to the other two phases, the magnetic field generated by the three-phase drive current and the drive diagram of the rotor when the U phase current is 30 degrees. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The number of slots in the stator armature of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor of the present invention is equal to the sum of the number of south poles and north poles of the permanent magnet rotor in the outer radial direction multiplied by 3. Figure 1 As can be seen, taking a three-phase winding with two pairs of four poles as an example, the number of slots is equal to 4 poles multiplied by 3, which is 12 slots; if six pairs of 12 poles are used, it will be 36 slots.

[0026] The winding method of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor stator winding of the present invention is to wind across three armature slots around two armature teeth, and the winding directions of two adjacent coils of the same phase winding are opposite. When the armature slots where the centers of the two coils are located are ignored, the centers of the two adjacent coils are separated by 2 armature slots. In this way, the winding directions of the two adjacent coils of the same phase winding are kept opposite until the winding is completed. The windings of the remaining two phases are also wound in the same way, and the adjacent winding sides of the adjacent phase windings are placed in the same armature slot. This Figures 1 to 3 One end of each phase winding is connected to the phase line of the three-phase alternating current. Figure 1 The other ends of the U1, V1, and W1 phase windings are connected together. Figure 1 In this example, U2, V2 and W2 are connected together to form a traditional star connection.

[0027] The winding and driving methods are described below by taking a specific implementation of a radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor with a stator having 12 armature teeth and a rotor having 4 magnetic poles.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a three-phase 12-armature-teeth stator M1 in a distributed winding mode. The arrow on the winding in the figure indicates the winding direction. The winding method is to wind around two armature teeth across three armature slots. The two adjacent coils of the same phase winding are wound in opposite directions, and when the armature slots where the centers of the two coils are located are ignored, the centers of the two coils are separated by two armature slots. The adjacent winding sides of the adjacent phase windings are placed in the same armature slot. In the figure, M2 is a cylindrical rotor with two pairs of four poles and a radial magnetic field. For the sake of clarity of the figure, we will hide the winding on the bottom surface of the stator silicon steel sheet.

[0029] Figure 2 The middle U-phase winding starts from U1. The winding coil starts from the left armature slot of armature tooth 1 and is wound clockwise to the right armature slot of armature tooth 2 (the center of the coil is in the middle of armature teeth 1 and 2). After winding to the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of armature tooth 2 and led to the right armature slot of armature tooth 5. It is wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of armature tooth 4 (the center of the coil is in the middle of armature teeth 4 and 5, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots). After winding to the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of armature tooth 4 and led to the left armature slot of armature tooth 7. It is wound clockwise to the armature tooth 8. The coil is wound around the right armature slot of armature tooth 8 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 7 and 8, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of armature tooth 8, led to the right armature slot of armature tooth 11, and wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of armature tooth 10 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 10 and 11, and is also separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots, and at the same time, the center of the coil is also separated from the center of the first coil whose center is between armature teeth 1 and 2 by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of armature tooth 10 to form terminal U2.

[0030] Figure 3The middle V-phase winding starts from V1. The winding coil starts from the left armature slot of armature tooth 3 and is wound clockwise to the right armature slot of armature tooth 4 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 3 and 4). After winding the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of armature tooth 4 and led to the right armature slot of armature tooth 7. It is wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of armature tooth 6 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 6 and 7, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots). After winding the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of armature tooth 6 and led to the left armature slot of armature tooth 9. It is wound clockwise to armature tooth 1. 0 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 9 and 10, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of armature tooth 10, led to the right armature slot of armature tooth 13, and wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of armature tooth 12 (the center of the coil is between armature teeth 12 and 13, and is also separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots, and at the same time, the center of the coil is also separated from the center of the first coil whose center is between armature teeth 3 and 4 by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of armature tooth 12 to become terminal V2.

[0031] In the same way as the above two phases, Figure 1 It can be seen that the W-phase winding starts from W1, and the winding coil starts from the left armature slot of armature tooth 5 and is wound clockwise to the right armature slot of armature tooth 6 (the center of the coil is in the middle of armature teeth 5 and 6), and after winding the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of armature tooth 6 and led to the right armature slot of armature tooth 9, and is wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of armature tooth 8 (the center of the coil is in the middle of armature teeth 8 and 9, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots), and after winding the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of armature tooth 8 and led to the left armature slot of armature tooth 11, and is wound clockwise to the armature tooth 11. The coil is wound around the right armature slot of the armature tooth 12 (the center of the coil is between the armature teeth 11 and 12, and is separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the right armature slot of the armature tooth 12, led to the right armature slot of the armature tooth 3, and wound counterclockwise to the left armature slot of the armature tooth 2 (the center of the coil is between the armature teeth 2 and 3, and is also separated from the center of the previous coil by 2 armature slots, and at the same time, the center of the coil is also separated from the center of the first coil whose center is between the armature teeth 5 and 6 by 2 armature slots), and after being wound for the required number of turns, it is turned out from the left armature slot of the armature tooth 2 to form the end W2.

[0032] The first coil of the U phase is wound around armature teeth 1 and 2, the first coil of the V phase is wound around armature teeth 3 and 4, and the armature slot between the armature teeth 2 and 3 adjacent to the U phase coil. The first coil of the W phase is wound around armature teeth 5 and 6, and the armature slot between the armature teeth 4 and 5 adjacent to the V phase coil. It can be seen that the adjacent winding sides of the adjacent phases are placed in the same armature slot.

[0033] After the three-phase winding is wound, one end is used as the motor input terminal, with a total of three input terminals. The other ends of the three-phase windings are connected together for electrical conduction to form a star connection.

[0034] Figure 2 Also showed Figure 1 The three-phase stator winding U1--U2, when the current +A flows into U1 and the current -A flows out of U2, the magnetic diagram on each armature tooth, the arrow on the winding in the figure is the coil winding direction and also represents the current direction, 1 to 12 are the armature teeth of its stator, the magnetic diagram generated by the U phase on each armature tooth, S is the south pole and N is the north pole.

[0035] The following is a combination of the phase changes of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor when using three-phase alternating current. Figures 4 to 15 The magnetic pole changes produced on the armature teeth of the stator and the force exerted on the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the rotor are analyzed to describe the principle and mechanism of action of the motor.

[0036] Figures 4 to 21 and Fig.23 In the figure, the arrows on each winding indicate the direction of the current, where the current flows in from the positive pole +A and flows out from the negative pole -A; the dotted lines in each figure indicate the direction of the magnetic lines of force, which run from the north pole to the south pole. In order to clearly show the magnetic lines of force in each phase of the three-phase alternating current, we intentionally draw the rotor smaller to facilitate the display of the magnetic lines of force in this phase. For theoretical analysis, we make the magnetic poles of the stator and rotor equivalent to a certain point. This method is often used as a general method in electrodynamics. In addition, for the sake of clarity, we hide the phases where no current flows in the corresponding figures. For the situation in each figure where one phase of the winding is energized to produce a south pole on a certain armature tooth, and the other phase of the winding is energized to produce a north pole, we mark the armature tooth with a small circle, as shown in Figure 5 The armature teeth 2, 5, 8 and 11 on the stator are called electrical losses (electrical energy losses). To facilitate the analysis of the changes in the stator magnetic field, the normalized magnetic field strength is marked on the armature teeth, and the value 0.866 is indicated by 0-9. Figures 4 to 21 In the figure, the so-called "left side" and "right side" are defined by the left position and the right position of the center of the armature tooth 6 in order to unify the observation direction.

[0037] From the basic knowledge of three-phase alternating current, we know that each phase of three-phase alternating current differs by 120 degrees in phase. We will not give a diagram of three-phase alternating current for this common knowledge. For example, when phase A is 0 degrees, phase B is -120 degrees, and phase C is 120 degrees. For ease of understanding, we use the U, V, and W symbols commonly used in brushless motors to represent phases A, B, and C. They are actually the same. U represents phase A, V represents phase B, and W represents phase C.

[0038] The following describes the stator rotor magnetic pole driving conditions at each driving moment in units of 30 degrees (the magnetic field strength on the armature teeth is normalized according to the theory, the maximum value is 1, when the current is 1, the magnetic field strength on the armature teeth is also 1. For ease of understanding, we mark the composite value of the magnetic field strength generated by each phase winding on the armature tooth on the periphery of the tooth, such as 1.8S, 0.9N, etc. For example, one phase winding generates 0.9N on an armature tooth, and another phase generates 0.9N, which are combined and marked as 1.8N on the periphery of the tooth; one phase winding generates 1.0S on an armature tooth, and another phase generates 0.5S, which are combined and marked as 1.5S on the periphery of the tooth). The S and N after the numbers represent the north-south attributes of the magnetic poles, and are described with the U phase as the phase reference:

[0039] At 0 degrees, Figure 4 As shown, when the U phase is 0 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0; when the V phase is -120 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.866; when the W phase is 120 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0.866; there is no current passing through the U phase, so it is hidden in the figure, and the current flows in from W1, flows out from W2 and flows into V2, and flows out through V1. Figure 4 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 12, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 3, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 3 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 6 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 6 pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 9, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 9 pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 12 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0040] At 30 degrees, Figure 5 As shown, the U phase is 30 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; the V phase is -90 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -1.0; when the W phase is 150 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0.5; the current flows in from W1 and U1, flows out from W2 and U2 and flows into V2, and flows out through V1. Figure 5As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 12 and 1, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 3 and 4, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 3 and 4 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 6 and 7 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 6 and 7 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 9 and 10, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 9 and 10 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 12 and 1 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 2, 5, 8 and 11 have zero magnetic properties because the two windings produce opposite and equal magnetic properties on them.

[0041] At 60 degrees, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the U phase is 60 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.866; the V phase is -60 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.866; when the W phase is 180 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0, so it is hidden in the figure; the current flows in from U1, flows out from U2 and flows into V2, and flows out through V1. Figure 6 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 1, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 4, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 4 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 7 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 7 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 10, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 10 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 1 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0042] At 90 degrees, Figure 7 As shown, the U phase is 90 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 1; the V phase is -30 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; when the W phase is 210 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.5; the current flows in from U1, flows out from U2 and flows into V2 and W2, and flows out through V1 and W1. Figure 7As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 1 and 2, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 4 and 5, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 4 and 5 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 7 and 8 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 7 and 8 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 10 and 11, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 10 and 11 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 1 and 2 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 3, 6, 9 and 12 have zero magnetic properties because the two windings produce opposite and equal magnetic properties on them.

[0043] At 120 degrees, Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the U phase is 120 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.866; the V phase is 0 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0, so it is hidden in the figure; when the W phase is 240 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.866; the current flows in from U1, flows out from U2 and flows into W2, and flows out through W1. Figure 8 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 2, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 5, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 5 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 8 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 8 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 11, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 11 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 2 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0044] At 150 degrees, Fig. 9 As shown, the U phase is 150 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; the V phase is 30 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; when the W phase is 270 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -1; the current flows in from U1 and V1, flows out from U2 and V2 and flows into W2, and flows out through W1. Fig. 9As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 2 and 3, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 5 and 6, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 5 and 6 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 8 and 9 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 8 and 9 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 11 and 12, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 11 and 12 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 2 and 3 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 4, 7, 10 and 1 have zero magnetic properties because the two windings produce opposite and equal magnetic properties on them.

[0045] At 180 degrees, Fig.10 As shown, the U phase is 180 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0, so it is hidden in the figure; the V phase is 60 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.866; when the W phase is 300 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.866; the current flows in from V1, flows out from V2 and flows into W2, and flows out through W1. Fig.10 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 3, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 6, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 6 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 9 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 9 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 12, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 12 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 3 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0046] At 210 degrees, Fig.11 As shown, the U phase is 210 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; the V phase is 90 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 1; when the W phase is 330 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.5; the current flows in from V1, flows out from V2 and flows into W2 and U2, and flows out through W1 and U1. Fig.11As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 3 and 4, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 6 and 7, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 6 and 7 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 9 and 10 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 9 and 10 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 12 and 1, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 12 and 1 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 3 and 4 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 5, 8, 11 and 2 are subjected to opposite and equal magnetic forces generated on them by the two windings, so the magnetic force is zero.

[0047] At 240 degrees, Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the U phase is 240 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.866; the V phase is 120 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.866; when the W phase is 360 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0, so it is hidden in the figure; the current flows in from V1, flows out from V2 and flows into U2, and flows out through U1. Fig.12 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 4, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 7, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 7 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 10 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 10 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 1, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 1 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 4 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0048] At 270 degrees, Fig.13 As shown, the U phase is 270 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -1; the V phase is 150 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0.5; when the W phase is 30 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 0.5; the current flows in from V1 and W1, flows out from V2 and W2 and flows into U2, and flows out through U1. Fig.13As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 4 and 5, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 7 and 8, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 7 and 8 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 10 and 11 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 10 and 11 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 1 and 2, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 1 and 2 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 4 and 5 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 6, 9, 12 and 3 are magnetically zero because the two windings generate opposite and equal magnetic forces on them.

[0049] At 300 degrees, Fig.14 As shown in the figure, the U phase is 300 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.866; the V phase is 180 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is 0, so it is hidden in the figure; when the W phase is 60 degrees, its magnetic field strength is -0.866; the current flows in from W1, flows out from W2 and flows into U2, and flows out through U1. Fig.14 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 5, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 8, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 8 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 11 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 11 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 2, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 2 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 5 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0050] At 330 degrees, Fig.15 As shown, the U phase is 330 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; the V phase is 210 degrees, and its magnetic field strength is -0.5; when the W phase is 90 degrees, its magnetic field strength is 1; the current flows in from W1, flows out from W2 and flows into U2 and V2, and flows out through U1 and V1. Fig.15As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized between armature teeth 5 and 6, pushing the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 8 and 9, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 8 and 9 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 11 and 12 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole between armature teeth 11 and 12 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized between armature teeth 2 and 3, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole between armature teeth 2 and 3 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized between armature teeth 5 and 6 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor. The armature teeth 7, 10, 1 and 4 are magnetically zero because the two windings produce opposite and equal magnetic forces on them.

[0051] After the phase change of the above three-phase power supply and the resulting drive on the permanent magnet on the rotor, the position of the permanent magnet S2 on the rotor is turned to the position of S1 when the U phase is 0 degrees, completing an electrical angle drive. The following process is to repeat this process to achieve the rotation of the motor rotor. From the above process, it can be seen that the rotation speed of the motor rotor is caused by the phase change of the three-phase alternating current, and the speed of the phase change depends on the frequency of the three-phase alternating current, which means that the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor can be adjusted by the three-phase AC inverter by changing the frequency of the output current. The three phase lines output by the three-phase AC inverter are respectively connected to the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor for the motor input terminal.

[0052] The driving principle of the present invention when used in a permanent magnet brushless motor is described below. The input end of the motor is connected to the three output ends corresponding to the brushless motor driver. The position sensor of the rotor magnetic pole on the motor adopts a Hall sensor with latch. Figure 16 to Figure 21 HA, HB and HC are used in the figure. Of course, other sensing methods can also be used. The driver uses a traditional brushless motor driver, which has six driving states, namely, the current flow direction is from W to V, U to V, U to W, V to W, V to U and W to U. The working principle of the traditional brushless motor driver will not be described here. Figure 18 to Figure 23 In the figure, we use +A to represent the current inflow, -A to represent the current outflow, and N, 2S to represent the magnetism and size of the synthetic magnetic field on the armature tooth.

[0053] When the drive state is 1, Fig.16 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=L, HB=H and HC=H; there is no current flowing through the U phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from W1, flows out from W2 and flows into V2, and flows out through V1. Fig.16As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 12, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 3, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 3 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 6 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 6 pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 9, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 9 pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 12 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0054] When driving state 2, Fig.17 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=L, HB=L and HC=H; there is no current flowing through the W phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from U1, flows out from U2 and flows into V2, and flows out through V1. Fig.17 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 1, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 4, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 4 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 7 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 7 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 10, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 10 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 1 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0055] When driving state 3, Fig.18 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=H, HB=L and HC=H; there is no current flowing through the V phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from U1, flows out from U2 and flows into W2, and flows out through W1. Fig.18 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 2, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 5, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 5 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 8 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 8 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 11, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 11 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 2 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0056] When driving state 4, such as Fig.19 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=H, HB=L and HC=L; there is no current flowing through the U phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from V1, flows out from V2 and flows into W2, and flows out through W1. Fig.19 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 3, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 6, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 6 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 9 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 9 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 12, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 12 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 3 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0057] When driving state 5, Fig. 20 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=H, HB=H and HC=L; there is no current flowing through the W phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from V1, flows out from V2 and flows into U2, and flows out through U1. Fig. 20 As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 4, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 7, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 7 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 10 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 10 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 1, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 1 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 4 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0058] When the drive state is 6, Fig.21 As shown in the figure, the output states of the three Hall sensors are HA=L, HB=H and HC=L; there is no current flowing through the V phase, so it is hidden in the figure. The current flows in from W1, flows out from W2 and flows into U2, and flows out through U1. Fig.21As shown in the magnetic poles and strengths, the stator south pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 5, which pushes the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 8, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S1 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 8 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 11 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N1 to rotate counterclockwise; the south pole of the armature tooth 11 also pushes the south pole S2 on the rotor to rotate counterclockwise, and the north pole is synthesized on the armature tooth 2, which also attracts the rotor magnetic south pole S2 to rotate counterclockwise; the north pole of the armature tooth 2 also pushes the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the stator south pole synthesized on the armature tooth 5 also attracts the rotor magnetic north pole N2 to rotate counterclockwise; this together constitutes the counterclockwise rotation of the rotor.

[0059] After the above 6 driving states drive the permanent magnet on the rotor, the position of the permanent magnet S2 on the rotor is turned to the position of S1 in driving state 1, completing an electrical angle drive. The subsequent process is to repeat this process to realize the rotation of the motor rotor. The rotation speed of the motor rotor is adjusted by the driver.

[0060] The present invention provides a winding method for each phase winding of a radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor and drives a motor rotor equipped with permanent magnets in each phase of each phase winding when three-phase alternating current is input, and drives the motor as a high-efficiency brushless motor through a brushless motor driver, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of three-phase alternating current to realize electrical energy and mechanical energy, meeting corresponding industrial applications and having great significance.

[0061] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention includes but is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims within the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. There are many different structural shapes and manufacturing methods for permanent magnets on the rotor, such as ring magnetization and surface magnetic sheet type and permanent magnets inserted inside the rotor body. As long as the magnetic lines of force are perpendicular to the motor shaft instead of parallel, they should be regarded as motors with the same radial magnetic field mode. It should be pointed out in particular that, generally speaking, in order to facilitate production and reduce errors, the three-phase windings are made in the same way. For the practice of winding one of the phase windings in a manner opposite to the winding direction of the other two groups (such as Fig. 22The winding direction of the V phase is opposite to that of the other two phases, and the arrow in the figure indicates the winding direction). The winding method of this motor is formed by simply exchanging the starting and ending ends of the phase winding, which does not constitute an essential difference (taking the U phase driven at 30 degrees as an example, the V2 originally connected to the midpoint of the star connection is changed to V1, Fig.23 and Figure 5 The same stator drive magnetic field is formed), that is, the starting end and the ending end of the phase winding are exchanged and then connected according to the above method to form the same electrical drive characteristics. The brushless motor also has the same electrical drive characteristics, which are all regarded as the present invention.

[0062] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor, comprising a motor stator and a permanent magnet rotor, characterized in that: The motor stator of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor is composed of silicon steel sheets with a cylindrical interior and armature slots and armature teeth for winding. The magnetic lines of force generated by the stator are perpendicular to the motor shaft. A three-phase stator winding is wound between the armature teeth in a manner of winding stator coils around two armature teeth across three armature slots. A radial magnetic field is generated when powered on. The cylindrical rotor is equipped with permanent magnets with magnetic lines of force perpendicular to the motor shaft in the radial direction of the rotor cylinder. The magnetic lines of force are distributed in the outer radial direction. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are arranged adjacent to each other. When powered on, each south pole and north pole on the rotor is driven by the repulsive force and attractive force of the magnetic field generated by the stator coil at the same time. The three-phase windings are connected in a star shape. When applied to three-phase alternating current, the three input ends of the three-phase winding on the stator are respectively connected to the three phase lines of the three-phase alternating current; when applied to a permanent magnet brushless motor, the three input ends of the three-phase winding on the stator are respectively connected to the three output ends of the brushless motor driver.

2. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The winding method of the same phase winding on the armature teeth of the stator formed by stacking silicon steel sheets is to wind it around two armature teeth across three armature slots, the winding directions of two adjacent coils of the same phase winding are opposite, and when the armature slots where the centers of the two adjacent coils are located are ignored, the centers of the two coils are separated by two armature slots; the winding method of the three-phase winding is the same; the adjacent winding sides of the windings of adjacent phases are placed in the same armature slot; one end of each of the three-phase windings is used as the input end of the motor, and there are three input ends in total; the other ends of the three-phase windings are connected together for electrical communication to form a star connection; when the winding direction of one phase of the three-phase winding is opposite to that of the other two phase windings, the starting end and the ending end of the phase winding are exchanged and then connected according to the above method to form the same electrical characteristics.

3. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnets on the cylindrical rotor are perpendicular to the motor shaft and are distributed radially, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on the rotor are arranged adjacent to the south pole and the north pole on the outer radial direction of the rotor. The permanent magnets can be magnetized in the outer radial direction using magnetic rings, or they can be installed on the rotor body of the cylindrical rotor.

4. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The relationship between the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor in the outer radial direction and the number of stator armature slots of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor is: the number of stator armature slots is equal to the sum of the number of south poles and north poles of the permanent magnet rotor in the outer radial direction multiplied by 3.

5. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When applied to three-phase alternating current, the three input ends of the three-phase winding on the stator are respectively connected to the three phase lines of the three-phase alternating current. The phases of the three-phase alternating current differ by 120 degrees, and the motor rotor is driven by the three-phase alternating current to rotate.

6. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When applied to a permanent magnet brushless motor, the three input ends of the three-phase winding on the stator are respectively connected to the three output ends of the brushless motor driver, and the motor rotor is driven to rotate by the brushless motor driver with six output drive states.

7. The radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When applied to three-phase alternating current, the motor rotor rotation speed is adjusted by a three-phase AC inverter with a phase difference of 120 degrees between each phase that can change the output frequency. The three phase lines output by the three-phase AC inverter are respectively connected to the three input ends of the three-phase winding on the stator of the radial magnetic field three-phase permanent magnet motor.

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