A controlled mulching and covering device and method for sugar beet planting

Abstract

The application discloses a beet planting adjustable film mulching and soil covering device, which comprises a hinged frame mechanism provided with a hinge plate, and symmetrically arranged adjusting frame mechanisms below the hinge plate, wherein two groups of the adjusting frame mechanisms are arranged in front and back, a pay-off drum is arranged on one side of the adjusting frame mechanism close to the hinge end, an adjusting sleeve is arranged between the adjusting frame mechanisms of the other group through a rotating frame, symmetrically distributed adjusting screws are arranged on the outside of one end of the adjusting sleeve close to the adjusting frame mechanism, a soil covering groove and an adjusting ring mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the adjusting sleeve, and a central soil covering opening is arranged in the middle of the adjusting sleeve; the automatic film mulching and soil covering integrated device can perform soil covering operation while automatically performing film mulching, has high automation degree, can be suitable for film mulching treatment of different ridge widths, reduces labor cost, and the setting of the central soil covering opening can intermittently perform soil covering at the central part of the ridge film mulching and adjust the inside soil covering, completely compresses the extension space of the middle part of the ridge, and avoids damage of the film caused by strong wind and weed growth.

Description

An adjustable mulching and soil covering device and method for sugar beet cultivation Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an adjustable mulching and soil covering device and method for sugar beet cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Sugar beets are primarily used for sugar production. Their roots contain a large amount of betaine, which gives them their unique color. They are high in sugar, rich in vitamin A, and contain a large amount of potassium. They have become the second largest sugar-producing crop after sugarcane. Sugar beets are a warm-season crop, requiring PE mulch for covering during planting, along with drip irrigation and long hours of sunshine. This results in high yields and sugar content.

[0003] Currently, mulching after beet planting mostly uses mechanical methods, which is costly for large-scale beet cultivation. Traditional mulching methods only cover the sides of the mulch, leaving space in the middle, which is ineffective for wind and weed control. Strong winds or weed growth can damage the mulch, resulting in poor mulching effectiveness. Biodegradable mulch is not very resilient; if the soil is not applied tightly, it can promote vigorous weed growth and weak seedlings. Furthermore, rupture of the biodegradable mulch can affect the normal growth of beets, leading to reduced yields. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance its weed-suppressing effect and improve its soil-covering efficiency. This invention proposes an adjustable mulching and soil-covering device and method for beet cultivation, utilizing an adjustable mulching and soil-covering device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an adjustable mulching and soil-covering device and method for sugar beet cultivation. This adjustable mulching and soil-covering device and method for sugar beet cultivation integrates automated mulching, soil-covering, and planting, enabling simultaneous automatic mulching and soil-covering operations. It boasts a high degree of automation and can adapt to mulching treatments with varying ridge widths, effectively reducing the costs of traditional mulching and soil-covering methods, as well as the need for manual soil-covering again to suppress weeds. Furthermore, the central soil-covering opening allows for intermittent soil-covering at the center of the ridge and adjustment of soil-covering on the inner side, thoroughly compressing the extension space in the middle of the ridge and preventing damage to the mulch film from strong winds and weed growth. Additionally, it allows for automated planting of sugar beet seeds, further saving labor costs.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the following technical solution is provided: an adjustable film mulching and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation, comprising a hinged frame mechanism, a hinged plate, an adjusting frame mechanism, a roll-up drum, a soil covering mechanism, and a sowing mechanism. The hinged frame mechanism has a hinged plate hinged to it, and adjusting frame mechanisms are symmetrically arranged below the hinged plate. Two sets of adjusting frame mechanisms are arranged front and rear. A roll-up drum is rotatably mounted on the adjusting frame mechanism near the hinged end of the hinged plate. The roll-up drum is used to release the film to be covered. The soil covering mechanism includes a rotating frame, an adjusting sleeve, an adjusting screw, a soil covering groove, an adjusting ring mechanism, a central soil covering opening, an electric rod, and a soil-dispensing bucket. An adjusting sleeve is provided between the other set of adjusting frame mechanisms via the rotating frame. The cylinder and rotating frame consist of a fixed rod and a rotating sleeve. The adjusting frame mechanism has a fixed rod fixedly installed between its two sides. The rotating sleeve is rotatably mounted on the upper limit of the fixed rod. Connecting rods are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the rotating sleeve and connect to the inner side wall of the adjusting sleeve. Adjusting screws are symmetrically distributed on the outer side of the adjusting sleeve near the adjusting frame mechanism. The adjusting screws are threadedly fitted to the adjusting sleeve, and a fastening nut is installed on the outer end of the thread. Soil covering grooves are symmetrically arranged on the adjusting sleeve. An adjusting ring mechanism is installed outside the soil covering grooves. A central soil covering opening is provided in the middle of the adjusting sleeve, which automatically adjusts the width of the central intermittent soil covering according to the width of the ridge. Soil-dispensing buckets are symmetrically installed on both sides of the adjusting frame mechanism via electric rods. A sowing mechanism is provided on the rear side of the hinge plate.

[0006] A further improvement is that the articulated frame mechanism includes a fixed mounting plate, an articulated seat, and an articulated cylinder. The articulated seat is fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting plate, and one end of the articulated plate is hinged to the articulated seat. An articulated cylinder is provided between the upper side of the articulated plate and the upper side of the fixed mounting plate. Both ends of the articulated cylinder are connected to the fixed mounting plate and the articulated plate through articulated connecting seats.

[0007] A further improvement is made in that: the adjustment frame mechanism includes a mounting groove, a mounting cross plate, a mounting base, a locking pin, an adjustment slide, a double-acting screw, a sliding adjustment frame, and an adjustment knob. The mounting groove is symmetrically arranged on the lower side of the hinge plate, and the mounting base is symmetrically fixedly arranged on the mounting cross plate. The mounting base and the mounting groove are fixedly installed by the locking pin. The adjustment slide is symmetrically arranged below the mounting cross plate. The double-acting screw is rotatably arranged in the adjustment slide and the sliding adjustment frame is slidably arranged in the adjustment slide. An adjustment knob is connected to the double-acting screw on one side of the mounting cross plate.

[0008] A further improvement is that the sliding adjustment frame is threadedly adapted to the bidirectional screw, and the rotation of the bidirectional screw realizes the adjustment of the spacing of the sliding adjustment frame. The unwinding drum is rotatably installed between the sliding adjustment frames. The rotating frame is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the sliding adjustment frame, and the electric rod is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding adjustment frame.

[0009] A further improvement is that the adjusting ring mechanism includes an adjusting collar, an adjusting through groove, and a locking bolt. The soil covering groove is distributed in a ring on the adjusting sleeve. An adjusting collar is provided on the outer side of the soil covering groove. An adjusting through groove is provided on the adjusting collar. A locking bolt is provided in the adjusting through groove and is threadedly locked to the adjusting sleeve.

[0010] Further improvements include: the adjusting sleeve consists of two sets of fitted cylindrical structures that can adjust the width of the covering trench; the outer and rear sides of the soil-removing bucket are closed, while the side closest to the adjusting sleeve is semi-closed; the soil scooped up accumulates in the soil-removing bucket and can enter the adjusting sleeve from the semi-closed side and leak out from the covering trench to achieve mulching; and a main controller is provided on the hinge plate.

[0011] A further improvement is made in that the sowing mechanism includes an electric lifting rod, a lifting frame, a sliding cross plate, a drive motor, an eccentric disc, a hinged connecting rod, a sowing hopper, a storage box, a connecting pipe, and an electrically controlled valve. A lifting frame is symmetrically arranged below the front end of the hinged plate via the electric lifting rod. A sliding cross plate is arranged between the lower ends of the lifting frame, with both ends of the sliding cross plate fitted and slidingly adapted to the lower sides of the lifting frame. A drive motor is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the lifting frame, and an eccentric disc is arranged at the output end of the drive motor. A hinged connecting rod is hinged between the eccentric disc and the sliding cross plate. The drive motor drives the eccentric disc to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding cross plate to move up and down via the hinged connecting rod to achieve evenly spaced sowing. A sowing hopper is symmetrically arranged below the sliding cross plate, and a storage box is arranged on the upper side of the hinged plate. The storage box is connected to the sowing hopper via a connecting pipe, and an electrically controlled valve is arranged on the connecting pipe.

[0012] A method for covering soil with an adjustable mulch film covering device for sugar beet cultivation includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: First, install the entire device on the agricultural vehicle using the fixed mounting plate. Then, electrically connect the main controller to the control panel of the agricultural vehicle. Finally, install the unloading drum and the soil covering mechanism on the lower side of the hinge plate using the adjusting frame mechanism and add beet seeds to the storage box.

[0014] Step 2: According to the width of the beet field ridges, adjust the width of the adjusting sleeve through the adjusting frame mechanism so that the soil covering groove is aligned with both sides of the mulch film. Then, adjust the length of the extension of multiple adjusting screws according to the height of the ridges so that the adjusting sleeve is always higher than the height of the ridges.

[0015] Step 3: Adjust the height of the soil-removing bucket using the electric lever so that the bucket is close to the ground for shoveling soil. Then, adjust the position of the adjusting ring according to the soil covering requirements of the mulch film to adjust the size of the soil covering groove opening and control the amount of soil covering.

[0016] Step 4: Start the agricultural vehicle to move the device, unwind the roll to release the mulch film to complete the laying, adjust the screw to contact the ground and drive the adjusting sleeve to roll, the soil bucket scoops up the soil and sends it into the adjusting sleeve from the inner side semi-open opening, and the soil covering groove completes the edge covering of the mulch film, while the central soil covering opening intermittently covers the middle of the mulch film.

[0017] Step 5: After covering with film and soil, adjust the height of the lifting frame using the electric lifting rod at the rear so that the seeding hopper can be inserted into the soil at its lowest point to complete the sowing. Then, start the drive motor, which drives the lower structure to swing up and down through the eccentric disc and hinged connecting rod. At the same time as the seeding hopper is inserted into the soil, the main controller controls the electric control valve to open and release a certain amount of seeds through the seeding hopper into the soil to complete the sowing.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By designing an automated integrated device for mulching, soil covering, and planting, this invention can perform soil covering operations simultaneously with automatic mulching. It has a high degree of automation and can adapt to mulching treatments with different ridge widths, effectively reducing the labor costs of traditional mulching and soil covering. At the same time, the setting of the central soil covering opening allows for intermittent soil covering at the center of the mulch and adjustment of soil covering on the inner side, thoroughly compressing the extension space in the middle of the ridge, effectively playing a role in wind prevention and weed suppression, avoiding damage to the mulch film by strong winds and weed growth. Furthermore, it can automatically plant sugar beet seeds afterward, further saving labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 is a front view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a side view of the adjusting sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the soil-removing bucket of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 is a side view of the seeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] The components include: 1. Hinge plate; 2. Unwinding drum; 3. Rotating frame; 4. Adjusting sleeve; 5. Adjusting screw; 6. Covering trench; 7. Central covering opening; 8. Electric rod; 9. Soil-removing bucket; 10. Fixed mounting plate; 11. Hinge seat; 12. Hinge cylinder; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Mounting cross plate; 15. Mounting seat; 16. Locking pin; 17. Adjusting slide; 18. Bidirectional screw; 19. Sliding adjusting frame; 20. Adjusting knob; 21. Adjusting collar; 22. Adjusting through groove; 23. Locking bolt; 24. Main controller; 25. Electric lifting rod; 26. Lifting frame; 27. Sliding cross plate; 28. Drive motor; 29. ​​Eccentric disc; 30. Hinge connecting rod; 31. Seeding hopper; 32. Storage box; 33. Connecting pipe; 34. Electric control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] As shown in Figures 1-4, this embodiment provides an adjustable film covering and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation, including a hinged frame mechanism, a hinged plate 1, an adjusting frame mechanism, a roll-up drum 2, a soil covering mechanism, and a sowing mechanism. The hinged frame mechanism has a hinged plate 1 hinged to it, and adjusting frame mechanisms are symmetrically arranged below the hinged plate 1. Two sets of adjusting frame mechanisms are arranged front and rear. A roll-up drum 2 is rotatably mounted on the adjusting frame mechanism near the hinged end of the hinged plate 1. The roll-up drum is used to release the film to be covered. The soil covering mechanism includes a rotating frame 3, an adjusting sleeve 4, an adjusting screw 5, a soil covering trough 6, an adjusting ring mechanism, a central soil covering opening 7, an electric rod 8, and a soil-removing bucket 9. The other set of adjusting frame mechanisms is connected by an adjusting sleeve 4 via the rotating frame 3. The rotating frame has a fixed rod. The adjustment frame mechanism consists of a rotating sleeve and a fixed rod fixedly installed on the sides. The upper limit of the fixed rod is rotatably mounted on the rotating sleeve. The outer side of the rotating sleeve is symmetrically distributed with connecting rods that connect to the inner side wall of the adjustment sleeve. The outer side of the adjustment sleeve 4 near the adjustment frame mechanism is symmetrically distributed with adjusting screws 5. The adjusting screws are threadedly matched with the adjustment sleeve, and a fastening nut is installed on the outer end thread. The adjustment sleeve 4 is symmetrically provided with soil covering grooves 6. An adjusting ring mechanism is provided outside the soil covering grooves 6. The middle of the adjustment sleeve 4 is provided with a central soil covering opening 7, which automatically adapts to the width of the central intermittent soil covering according to the width of the ridge. The two sides of the adjustment frame mechanism are symmetrically provided with soil digging buckets 9 through electric rods 8. The height of the soil digging buckets can be adjusted according to different ridge heights. A sowing mechanism is provided on the rear side of the hinge plate 1.

[0027] The articulated frame mechanism includes a fixed mounting plate 10, an articulated seat 11, and an articulated cylinder 12. The articulated seat 11 is fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting plate 10. One end of the articulated plate 1 is hinged to the articulated seat 11. The articulated cylinder 12 is provided between the upper side of the articulated plate 1 and the upper end of the fixed mounting plate 10. Both ends of the articulated cylinder are connected to the fixed mounting plate and the articulated plate through articulated connecting seats.

[0028] The adjustment mechanism includes a mounting groove 13, a mounting plate 14, a mounting base 15, a locking pin 16, an adjustment slide 17, a double-acting screw 18, a sliding adjustment bracket 19, and an adjustment knob 20. The mounting groove 13 is symmetrically arranged on the lower side of the hinge plate 1. The mounting base 15 is symmetrically fixed on the mounting plate 14. The mounting base 15 and the mounting groove 13 are fixedly installed by the locking pin 16. The adjustment slide 17 is symmetrically arranged below the mounting plate 14. The double-acting screw 18 is rotatably arranged in the adjustment slide 17. The sliding adjustment bracket 19 is slidably arranged in the adjustment slide 17. An adjustment knob 20 is connected to the double-acting screw 18 on one side of the mounting plate 14. The double-acting screw is rotated by adjusting the knob.

[0029] The sliding adjustment frame 19 is threadedly matched with the bidirectional screw 18. The rotation of the bidirectional screw realizes the adjustment of the spacing of the sliding adjustment frame. The unwinding drum 2 is rotatably installed between the sliding adjustment frames 19. The rotating frame 3 is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the sliding adjustment frame 19. The electric rod 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding adjustment frame 19.

[0030] The adjusting ring mechanism includes an adjusting collar 21, an adjusting through groove 22, and a locking bolt 23. The soil covering groove 6 is distributed in a ring on the adjusting sleeve 4. The adjusting collar 21 is provided on the outside of the soil covering groove 6. The adjusting collar 21 is provided on the adjusting collar 21. The locking bolt 23 is provided in the adjusting through groove 22 and is threadedly locked to the adjusting sleeve 4 to control the size of the opening of the soil covering groove and adjust the amount of soil covering.

[0031] The adjusting sleeve 4 consists of two sets of sleeved and fitted cylindrical structures, which can adjust the width of the covering trench. The outer and rear sides of the soil-removing bucket 9 are closed, while the side close to the adjusting sleeve 4 is semi-closed. The soil scooped up accumulates in the soil-removing bucket and can enter the adjusting sleeve from the semi-closed side and leak out from the covering trench to achieve mulching. The hinge plate 1 is equipped with a main controller 24, which is used to control the automatic adjustment part of the equipment.

[0032] The sowing mechanism includes an electric lifting rod 25, a lifting frame 26, a sliding cross plate 27, a drive motor 28, an eccentric disc 29, a hinged connecting rod 30, a sowing hopper 31, a storage box 32, a connecting pipe 33, and an electric control valve 34. The lifting frame 26 is symmetrically mounted below the front end of the hinged plate 1 via the electric lifting rod 25. A sliding cross plate 27 is positioned between the lower ends of the lifting frame 26, with both ends of the sliding cross plate slidingly fitted onto the lower sides of the lifting frame. A drive motor 28 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the lifting frame 26. An eccentric disc 29 is provided at the output end. A hinged connecting rod 30 is provided between the eccentric disc 29 and the sliding horizontal plate 27. The drive motor drives the eccentric disc to rotate and drives the sliding horizontal plate to move up and down through the hinged connecting rod to achieve equal-interval sowing. A sowing hopper 31 is symmetrically provided below the sliding horizontal plate 27. A storage box 32 is provided on the upper side of the hinged plate 1. The storage box 32 is connected to the sowing hopper 31 through a connecting pipe 33. An electric control valve 34 is provided on the connecting pipe 33. The sowing hopper is controlled to discharge material to complete the sowing.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] This embodiment provides a soil covering method for sugar beet cultivation using an adjustable mulch film covering device, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: First, install the entire device on the agricultural vehicle using the fixed mounting plate 10. Then, electrically connect the main controller 24 to the control panel of the agricultural vehicle. Finally, install the unloading drum 2 and the soil covering mechanism on the lower side of the hinge plate 1 using the adjusting frame mechanism and add beet seeds to the storage box 32.

[0036] Step 2: According to the width of the beet field ridges, adjust the width of the adjusting sleeve 4 through the adjusting frame mechanism so that the soil covering trough 6 is aligned with both sides of the mulch film. Then, adjust the length of the extension of multiple sets of adjusting screws 5 according to the height of the ridges so that the adjusting sleeve 4 is always higher than the height of the ridges.

[0037] Step 3: Adjust the height of the soil-removing bucket 9 by using the electric lever 8 so that the soil-removing bucket 9 is close to the ground for shoveling soil. Then, adjust the position of the adjusting ring 21 according to the soil covering requirements on the mulch film to adjust the size of the opening of the soil covering groove 6 and control the amount of soil covering.

[0038] Step 4: Start the agricultural vehicle to move the device, unwind the roll 2 to release the mulch film to complete the laying, adjust the screw 5 to contact the ground and drive the adjusting sleeve 4 to roll, the soil bucket 9 scoops up the soil and sends it into the adjusting sleeve 4 from the inner side semi-open opening, and the soil covering groove 6 completes the edge covering of the mulch film, while the central soil covering opening 7 intermittently covers the middle of the mulch film.

[0039] Step 5: After covering with film and soil, the height of the lifting frame 26 is adjusted by the electric lifting rod 25 at the rear, so that the seeding hopper 31 can be inserted into the soil when it moves to the lowest point to complete the sowing. Then, the drive motor 28 is started, and the eccentric plate 29 and the hinged connecting rod 30 drive the lower structure to swing up and down. At the same time as the seeding hopper 31 is inserted into the soil, the main controller 24 controls the electric control valve 34 to open and release a certain amount of seeds through the seeding hopper 31 into the soil to complete the sowing.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable film covering and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation, characterized in that: The system includes a hinge frame mechanism, a hinge plate (1), an adjusting frame mechanism, a unwinding drum (2), a soil covering mechanism, and a sowing mechanism. The hinge frame mechanism is equipped with a hinge plate (1), and the adjusting frame mechanism is symmetrically arranged below the hinge plate (1). The adjusting frame mechanism is arranged in two sets, one at the front and one at the rear. The adjusting frame mechanism near the hinge end of the hinge plate (1) is equipped with an unwinding drum (2). The soil covering mechanism includes a rotating frame (3), an adjusting sleeve (4), an adjusting screw (5), a soil covering trough (6), an adjusting ring mechanism, a central soil covering opening (7), an electric rod (8), and a soil-removing bucket (9). The other set of adjusting frame mechanisms is connected by a rotating frame (3). The adjustment sleeve (4) is provided, and the adjustment sleeve (4) has symmetrically distributed adjustment screws (5) on the outside of one end near the adjustment frame mechanism. The adjustment sleeve (4) has symmetrically provided soil covering grooves (6), and the soil covering grooves (6) have an adjustment ring mechanism outside. The adjustment sleeve (4) has a central soil covering opening (7) in the middle. The adjustment frame mechanism has soil-dispensing buckets (9) symmetrically provided on both sides through electric rods (8). The rear side of the hinge plate (1) has a sowing mechanism. The adjustment frame mechanism includes an installation groove (13), an installation cross plate (14), an installation seat (15), a locking pin (16), an adjustment slide (17), and a two-way screw (18). The mounting plate (1) has a sliding adjustment bracket (19) and an adjustment knob (20). The hinge plate (1) has symmetrically arranged mounting grooves (13) on its lower side. The mounting plate (14) has symmetrically arranged mounting seats (15). The mounting seats (15) and mounting grooves (13) are fixedly installed by locking pins (16). The mounting plate (14) has symmetrically arranged adjustment slides (17) below it. A double-acting screw (18) is provided in the adjustment slides (17). A sliding adjustment bracket (19) is provided in the adjustment slides (17). An adjustment knob (20) is connected to the double-acting screw (18) on one side of the mounting plate (14). The adjustment ring mechanism includes... Includes an adjusting collar (21), an adjusting groove (22), and a locking bolt (23). The soil covering groove (6) is arranged in a ring on the adjusting sleeve (4). An adjusting collar (21) is provided on the outside of the soil covering groove (6). An adjusting groove (22) is provided on the adjusting collar (21). A locking bolt (23) is provided in the adjusting groove (22) and is threadedly locked to the adjusting sleeve (4). The adjusting sleeve (4) is a set of two sets of sleeved and adapted cylindrical structures. The outer side and rear side of the soil digging bucket (9) are closed and the side close to the adjusting sleeve (4) is semi-closed. A main controller (24) is provided on the hinge plate (1).

2. The adjustable film covering and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The articulated frame mechanism includes a fixed mounting plate (10), an articulated seat (11), and an articulated cylinder (12). The fixed mounting plate (10) is provided with an articulated seat (11). One end of the articulated plate (1) is hinged to the articulated seat (11). The articulated cylinder (12) is provided between the upper side of the articulated plate (1) and the upper end of the fixed mounting plate (10).

3. The adjustable film covering and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding adjustment frame (19) is threadedly fitted with the bidirectional screw (18), the unwinding drum (2) is rotatably installed between the sliding adjustment frames (19), the rotating frame (3) is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the sliding adjustment frame (19), and the electric rod (8) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding adjustment frame (19).

4. The adjustable film covering and soil covering device for sugar beet cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sowing mechanism includes an electric lifting rod (25), a lifting frame (26), a sliding cross plate (27), a drive motor (28), an eccentric disc (29), a hinged connecting rod (30), a sowing hopper (31), a storage box (32), a connecting pipe (33), and an electric control valve (34). The lifting frame (26) is symmetrically provided below the front end of the hinged plate (1) via the electric lifting rod (25). The sliding cross plate (27) is provided between the lower ends of the lifting frame (26). The lower side of the lifting frame (26) A drive motor (28) is provided on the surface. An eccentric disc (29) is provided at the output end of the drive motor (28). A hinge connecting rod (30) is provided between the eccentric disc (29) and the sliding cross plate (27). A seeding hopper (31) is symmetrically provided below the sliding cross plate (27). A storage box (32) is provided on the upper side of the hinge plate (1). The storage box (32) is connected to the seeding hopper (31) below by a connecting pipe (33). An electric control valve (34) is provided on the connecting pipe (33).

5. The method for covering soil with an adjustable film-covering and soil-covering device for sugar beet cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, install the entire device on the agricultural vehicle using the fixed mounting plate (10). Then, electrically connect the main controller (24) to the control panel of the agricultural vehicle. Finally, install the unwinding drum (2) and the soil covering mechanism on the lower side of the hinge plate (1) using the adjusting frame mechanism and add beet seeds into the storage box (32). Step 2: According to the width of the beet field ridge, change the width of the adjusting sleeve (4) using the adjusting frame mechanism so that the soil covering groove (6) is aligned with both sides of the mulch film. Then, adjust the length of the extension of multiple adjusting screws (5) according to the height of the ridge so that the adjusting sleeve (4) is always higher than the height of the ridge. Step 3: Adjust the height of the soil-removing bucket (9) using the electric rod (8) so that the soil-removing bucket (9) is close to the ground for shoveling soil. Then, adjust the position of the adjusting ring (21) according to the soil covering requirements on the mulch film to adjust the opening size of the soil covering groove (6) and control the amount of soil covering. Step 4: Start. The agricultural vehicle drives the device to move, and the unwinding drum (2) releases the mulch film to complete the laying. The adjusting screw (5) contacts the ground and drives the adjusting sleeve (4) to roll. The soil pile is scooped up by the soil-scooping bucket (9) and sent into the adjusting sleeve (4) from the inner side semi-open opening. The soil is covered at the edge of the mulch film through the soil covering groove (6), while the central soil covering opening (7) intermittently covers the middle of the mulch film. Step 5: After the mulch film and soil are covered, the height of the lifting frame (26) is adjusted by the electric lifting rod (25) at the rear so that the lower seeding bucket (31) can be inserted into the soil when it moves to the lowest point to complete the sowing. Then, the drive motor (28) is started, and the lower structure swings up and down by the eccentric plate (29) and the hinged connecting rod (30). At the same time as the lower seeding bucket (31) is inserted into the soil, the main controller (24) controls the electric control valve (34) to open and release a certain amount of seeds through the seeding bucket (31) into the soil to complete the sowing.

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