Fig sapling cultivation method

Abstract

The invention provides a fig sapling cultivation method. The fig sapling cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a seedling cultivation land; S2, picking cuttings; S3, pruning the cuttings; wherein in the step S5 of rooting treatment of the cuttings, vibration of cell membranes of the fig cuttings can be stimulated through ultrasonic treatment, so that cell metabolism is activated, cell division and proliferation are promoted, and more cell bases are provided for rooting. Meanwhile, ultrasonic treatment can influence synthesis and transportation of growth hormone in the fig cuttings and accelerate transportation of indoleacetic acid in the treatment liquid to rooting parts, so that rooting is facilitated, the survival rate of fig sapling cultivation is increased, and germination of the cuttings is accelerated. According to the method, through refined management and a series of technical optimization, the rooting rate, the survival rate and the germination speed of the fig saplings are remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and in particular to a fig seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Fig is a fruit tree widely distributed around the world. Its fruit not only has a unique taste, is sweet and juicy, but is also rich in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, and has many benefits for human health. Fig trees are highly adaptable and can grow in a variety of soil types and climatic conditions, from tropical to temperate regions. Its fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into a variety of products such as jam, juice, and dried fruit, which are deeply loved by consumers. In recent years, with the improvement of people's health awareness and the deepening of their understanding of the nutritional value of figs, the planting area of ​​figs has expanded year by year, and market demand has continued to grow. Therefore, how to cultivate fig seedlings efficiently and with high quality has become the key to the development of the fig planting industry.

[0003] In the existing fig seedling cultivation technology, commonly used methods include branch pressing, grafting and cutting. However, branch pressing requires fruit trees to have branches near the ground, otherwise the branches cannot be pressed. Grafting has a long seedling cycle and low efficiency. In contrast, cutting seedlings are more popular because of their fast propagation speed, low cost, and ability to maintain the excellent characteristics of the mother plant. In the process of cutting propagation, healthy and pest-free branches are usually selected as cuttings. After pruning, disinfection, rooting agent treatment and other steps, they are inserted into a cultivation matrix with good air permeability and rich organic matter content. In order to promote the rooting of cuttings, the temperature, humidity and light conditions of the cultivation environment must also be controlled. However, although the cutting propagation technology is relatively mature, it still faces many challenges in actual operation, such as the difficulty of rooting cuttings, low survival rate, slow germination speed, etc. These problems seriously affect the cultivation efficiency and quality of fig seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a fig seedling cultivation method to solve the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way: a fig seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Selection of nursery site: Select an area with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight as the nursery site.

[0007] S2. Cuttings collection: In spring from February to April, select annual branches with full tissue, no pests and diseases, semi-lignified, and a diameter of 0.5-1.0 cm as cuttings.

[0008] S3. Cutting pruning: retain 2-4 buds on each cutting, and retain 1-2 leaves at the top of the cutting. Trim the upper end 2-3cm away from the bud to a flat end, and trim the lower end 0.5-1.0cm to an oblique end or a horseshoe end. Trim the entire cutting to a length of 20-25cm.

[0009] S4. Disinfection of cuttings: Place the pruned cuttings in potassium permanganate solution for soaking and disinfection. The mass volume ratio of the cuttings to the potassium permanganate solution is 1.0:(1.2-2.0). After soaking, wash with pure water 2-3 times.

[0010] S5. Rooting treatment of cuttings: Place the lower end of the disinfected cuttings into an ultrasonic treatment tank with an insertion depth of 8-12 cm, and add treatment liquid into the ultrasonic treatment tank. The treatment liquid should cover the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5-3.0 cm. The treatment liquid is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and purified water.

[0011] S6. Cultivate the cuttings into seedlings: insert the lower end of the rooted cuttings into the culture solution for 8-10 days, and the culture solution covers the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5-3.0 cm. After the culture solution is completed, transplant them into the culture matrix and cultivate them for 45-60 days to obtain fig seedlings. The culture solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution, and deionized water.

[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of potassium permanganate solution in S4 is 0.1-0.5wt%, and the soaking time is 10-30min.

[0013] Furthermore, in S5, the ultrasonic frequency is set to 20-50 kHz, and the ultrasonic immersion treatment is performed for 15-30 min.

[0014] Furthermore, the mass volume ratios of indoleacetic acid, sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and purified water in the S5 treatment solution are (1.0-1.5):(0.8-1.2):(0.4-0.8):(0.5-1.1):(100.0-150.0) in g / mL.

[0015] Furthermore, the mass volume ratio of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution and deionized water in S6 culture medium is (5-10):(2-4):(4-10):(80-120) in g / mL.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the rare earth salt solution and the metal salt solution is 5-7wt%.

[0017] Furthermore, the rare earth salt solution includes lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and cerium nitrate in a mass ratio of (3.0-5.0):(1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5).

[0018] Furthermore, the metal salt solution includes ferric chloride, zinc chloride, calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of (0.5-2.0):(0.2-1.0):(1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5).

[0019] Furthermore, the culture matrix in S6 is composed of perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and humus in a mass ratio of (1.8-2.2):(1.0-1.2):(1.0-1.5):(2.0-3.0).

[0020] Furthermore, after the culture in the culture medium in S6 is completed, the environmental conditions for transplanting into the culture matrix are as follows: maintaining the temperature at 20-25°C, maintaining the relative humidity at 70-85%, receiving scattered light irradiation for 8-12 hours per day, and ensuring good ventilation.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention can stimulate the vibration of the cell membrane of the fig cuttings through ultrasonic treatment, thereby activating cell metabolism, promoting cell division and proliferation, and providing more cell basis for rooting. At the same time, ultrasonic treatment can affect the synthesis and transportation of growth hormone in the fig cuttings, and accelerate the transportation of indoleacetic acid in the treatment solution to the rooting site, thereby facilitating rooting.

[0023] 2. The present invention adds white sugar, which provides an energy source for fig cuttings, thereby helping to improve the rooting rate. At the same time, white sugar, as a carbon source, can stimulate the division and proliferation of cells at the base of the cuttings to form more rooting points. These rooting points then develop into new root strips, thereby increasing the number of root strips. This effect of white sugar, when used in conjunction with indoleacetic acid, can more effectively promote the branching and growth of the root system, thereby allowing the root system to grow continuously and rapidly, thereby achieving a longer root length. Therefore, white sugar improves the survival rate of fig seedlings and promotes germination growth by improving the rooting rate, increasing the number of root strips and promoting root length.

[0024] 3. The present invention significantly improves the rooting rate, survival rate and germination speed of fig seedlings through refined management and a series of technical optimizations. By integrating various links, an efficient and stable cultivation process is formed. The connections between the various steps are close, avoiding waste and loss in the cultivation process. By accurately controlling the proportion and mass concentration of each component, the stability and effectiveness of the treatment solution and the culture solution are ensured, thereby improving the cultivation efficiency and reducing the cultivation cost. By further managing the temperature, humidity, light and ventilation, a suitable growth environment is provided for the cuttings, promoting the development of the root system and the growth of the aboveground part, thereby improving the germination speed and the quality of the seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A fig seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Selection of nursery site: Select an area with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight as the nursery site.

[0031] S2. Cuttings collection: In February, select annual branches with full tissue, no pests or diseases, semi-lignified and 0.5 cm in diameter as cuttings.

[0032] S3. Cutting pruning: retain 2 buds on each cutting and 1 leaf at the top of the cutting, trim the upper end 2 cm away from the bud to a flat end, trim the lower end 0.5 cm to an oblique end or horseshoe end, and trim the entire cutting to 20 cm in length.

[0033] S4. Disinfection of cuttings: Place the pruned cuttings in a 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution for immersion disinfection for 30 minutes. The mass volume ratio of the cuttings to the potassium permanganate solution is 1.0:1.2. After immersion, wash them twice with pure water.

[0034] S5. Rooting treatment of cuttings: Place the lower end of the disinfected cuttings in an ultrasonic treatment tank, set the ultrasonic frequency to 20kHz, insert to a depth of 8cm, and add treatment solution to the ultrasonic treatment tank. The treatment solution should cover the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5cm. The treatment solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and purified water in a mass volume ratio of 1.0:0.8:0.4:0.5:100.0 g / mL. Ultrasonic immersion treatment is performed for 30 minutes.

[0035] S6. Cultivate cuttings into seedlings: insert the lower end of the rooted cuttings into the culture solution for 8 days, and the culture solution covers the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5 cm. After the culture solution is cultivated, transplant them into the culture matrix, and cultivate them for 60 days at 20°C, relative humidity 70%, receive scattered light irradiation for 8 hours every day and maintain good ventilation to obtain fig seedlings. Wherein, the culture solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution, and deionized water with a mass volume ratio of 5:2:4:80 g / mL, and the mass concentration of the rare earth salt solution and the metal salt solution is 5wt%. Wherein, the rare earth salt solution includes lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, and cerium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3.0:1.0:0.5, and the metal salt solution includes ferric chloride, zinc chloride, calcium nitrate, and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of 0.5:0.2:1.0:0.5. The culture matrix is ​​composed of pearlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and humus soil in a mass ratio of 1.8:1.0:1.0:2.0.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A fig seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1. Selection of nursery site: Select an area with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight as the nursery site.

[0039] S2. Cuttings collection: In March, select annual branches with full tissue, no pests or diseases, semi-lignified and 0.8 cm in diameter as cuttings.

[0040] S3. Cutting pruning: retain 3 buds on each cutting and retain the 2 leaves at the top of the cutting. Trim the upper end 2.5cm away from the bud to a flat end, and trim the lower end 0.8cm to an oblique end or a horseshoe end. Trim the entire cutting to a length of 22cm.

[0041] S4. Disinfection of cuttings: Place the pruned cuttings in a 0.3wt% potassium permanganate solution for immersion disinfection for 20 minutes. The mass volume ratio of the cuttings to the potassium permanganate solution is 1.0:1.6. After immersion, wash with purified water three times.

[0042] S5. Rooting treatment of cuttings: Place the lower end of the disinfected cuttings into an ultrasonic treatment tank, set the ultrasonic frequency to 35kHz, and the insertion depth to 10cm. Add treatment liquid into the ultrasonic treatment tank, and the treatment liquid should cover the lower end of the cuttings by 2.2cm. The treatment liquid is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and pure water with a mass volume ratio of 1.2:1.0:0.6:0.8:120 g / mL. Ultrasonic immersion treatment is performed for 22 minutes.

[0043] S6. Cultivate cuttings into seedlings: insert the lower end of the rooted cuttings into the culture solution for 9 days, and the culture solution covers the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5-3.0 cm. After the culture solution is cultivated, transplant them into the culture matrix, and cultivate them for 52 days at 22°C, relative humidity 78%, receive scattered light irradiation for 10 hours every day and maintain good ventilation to obtain fig seedlings. Wherein, the culture solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution, and deionized water with a mass volume ratio of 7.5:3:7:100 g / mL, and the mass concentration of the rare earth salt solution and the metal salt solution is 6wt%. Wherein, the rare earth salt solution includes lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, and cerium nitrate in a mass ratio of 4.0:2.0:1.0, and the metal salt solution includes ferric chloride, zinc chloride, calcium nitrate, and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1.2:0.6:2.0:1.0. The culture matrix is ​​composed of pearlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and humus in a mass ratio of 1.0:1.1:1.2:2.5.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A fig seedling cultivation method comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Selection of nursery site: Select an area with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight as the nursery site.

[0047] S2. Cuttings collection: In April, select annual branches with full tissue, no pests and diseases, semi-lignified and 1.0 cm in diameter as cuttings.

[0048] S3. Cutting pruning: retain 4 buds on each cutting and retain the 2 leaves at the top of the cutting. Trim the upper end 3 cm away from the bud to a flat end, and trim the lower end 1.0 cm to an oblique end or a horseshoe end. Trim the entire cutting to a length of 25 cm.

[0049] S4. Disinfection of cuttings: Place the pruned cuttings in a 0.5wt% potassium permanganate solution for immersion disinfection for 100 minutes. The mass volume ratio of the cuttings to the potassium permanganate solution is 1.0:1.2. After immersion, wash with purified water three times.

[0050] S5. Rooting treatment of cuttings: Place the lower end of the disinfected cuttings into an ultrasonic treatment tank, set the ultrasonic frequency to 50kHz, and the insertion depth to 12cm. Add treatment liquid into the ultrasonic treatment tank, and the treatment liquid should cover the lower end of the cuttings by 3.0cm. The treatment liquid is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and pure water with a mass volume ratio of 1.5:1.2:0.8:1.1:150.0 g / mL. Ultrasonic immersion treatment is performed for 10 minutes.

[0051] S6. Cultivate cuttings into seedlings: insert the lower end of the rooted cuttings into the culture solution for 10 days, and the culture solution covers the lower end of the cuttings by 3.0 cm. After the culture solution is cultivated, transplant them into the culture matrix, and cultivate them for 45 days at 25°C, relative humidity 85%, receive scattered light irradiation for 8 hours every day and maintain good ventilation to obtain fig seedlings. Wherein, the culture solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution, and deionized water with a mass volume ratio of g / mL of 10:4:10:120, and the mass concentration of the rare earth salt solution and the metal salt solution is 7wt%. Wherein, the rare earth salt solution includes lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, and cerium nitrate in a mass ratio of 5.0:3.0:1.5, and the metal salt solution includes ferric chloride, zinc chloride, calcium nitrate, and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of 2.0:1.0:1.0:0.5. The culture matrix is ​​composed of pearlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and humus in a mass ratio of 2.2:1.2:1.5:3.0.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Compared with Example 2, this comparative example differs in that ultrasonic treatment is not performed in the S5 cutting rooting treatment step, and the cutting rooting treatment is performed specifically in the following manner: the lower end of the disinfected cutting is placed in a treatment solution, the treatment solution covers the lower end of the cutting by 3.0 cm, the treatment solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and pure water in a mass volume ratio of 1.2:1.0:0.6:0.8:120 g / mL, and the soaking treatment is performed for 5 minutes.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Compared with Example 2, the difference between this comparative example is that the treatment solution in the S5 cutting rooting treatment step does not contain white sugar, that is, the treatment solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, vitamin B12, acetic acid and purified water in a mass volume ratio of 1.2:0.6:0.8:120 g / mL.

[0056] Comparative Example 3

[0057] Compared with Example 2, the present comparative example is different in that the treatment solution in the S5 cutting rooting treatment step does not contain acetic acid, that is, the treatment solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12 and pure water in a mass volume ratio of 1.2:1.0:0.6:120 g / mL.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the culture solution in the step of culturing S6 cuttings into seedlings does not contain a rare earth salt solution, that is, the culture solution consists of indoleacetic acid, a metal salt solution, and deionized water in a mass volume ratio of g / mL of 10:10:120.

[0060] Performance testing

[0061] 1. Rooting detection

[0062] 200 green-skinned fig cuttings were taken respectively and cultivated according to the cultivation methods in the above-mentioned embodiments 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4. After the cultivation in the culture solution was completed, the number of rooted cuttings, the number of roots, and the root length of each group of green-skinned fig cuttings were observed and counted, and the rooting rate, the average number of roots, and the average root length were calculated. The rooting rate calculation formula is: rooting rate = (number of rooted cuttings / 100) × 100%, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] 2. Survival rate and germination detection

[0064] The green fig cuttings obtained by the above rooting detection according to the cultivation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were transplanted into the culture matrix and continued to be cultivated into green fig seedlings according to the cultivation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. After the cultivation, the number of surviving seedlings was recorded and the survival rate was calculated. The survival rate calculation formula is: survival rate = (number of surviving seedlings / 100) × 100%, and the results are shown in Table 1. At the same time, the germination of the green fig seedlings was observed and recorded every day until two new buds and leaves with a length of 0.5-1 cm grew on the top of the fig seedlings, and the number of days was recorded. The germination days of each group of fig trees were averaged, rounded to integers, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] Rooting rate% Average number of roots Average root length cm Survival rate% Average germination days Example 1 98.5 19 5.9 95.5 24 Example 2 100.0 20 6.5 97.5 21 Example 3 99.0 18 6.0 96.0 22 Comparative Example 1 82.0 15 4.8 75.5 32 Comparative Example 2 78.5 14 4.5 70.0 35 Comparative Example 3 77.0 14 4.5 68.5 37 Comparative Example 4 71.5 13 4.0 65.0 40

[0067] It can be seen from the examples and comparative examples in Table 1 that the survival rates of Examples 1-3 all reached more than 95%, which is much higher than the survival rate of Comparative Examples 1-4. This shows that the cultivation method of the present invention has a significant promoting effect on the growth of fig seedlings. The rooting rate, average number of roots, and average root length of Examples 1-3 are significantly higher than those of Comparative Examples 1-4. It can be seen that the cultivation method of the present invention can effectively promote the rooting of fig cuttings, thereby facilitating the survival and growth of fig seedlings. In addition, the average germination days of Examples 1-3 are between 21-24 days, which is much lower than the average germination days of Comparative Examples 1-3. This shows that the cultivation method of the present invention can increase the germination speed, thereby significantly shortening the cultivation cycle of fig seedlings.

[0068] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in Example 3, ultrasonic treatment can stimulate the vibration of the cell membrane of fig cuttings, thereby activating cell metabolism, thereby promoting cell division and proliferation, and providing more cell basis for rooting. At the same time, ultrasonic treatment can affect the synthesis and transportation of growth hormone in fig cuttings, and accelerate the transportation of indoleacetic acid in the treatment solution to the rooting position, thereby facilitating rooting. In addition, ultrasonic treatment can increase the activity of some enzymes related to rooting in fig cuttings, such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, etc. These enzymes play an important role in processes such as cell division and material metabolism, and the increase in their activity is conducive to the rooting process. Therefore, by ultrasonic treatment, compared with Comparative Example 1, the rooting rate is increased from 82.0% to 100.0%, the average number of roots is increased from 15 to 20, and the average root length is increased from 4.8cm to 6.5cm. The increase in rooting rate also increases the survival rate of fig seedlings. At the same time, ultrasonic treatment also has a certain bactericidal and disinfecting effect, which can reduce the risk of disease infection during the rooting process of cuttings, help maintain the health of cuttings, and further improve the survival rate of fig seedlings. Since ultrasonic treatment promotes the rapid formation and development of the root system of cuttings, it means that the germination time of fig seedlings will be correspondingly advanced. At the same time, since ultrasonic treatment enhances the absorption and utilization of the treatment solution by the cuttings, the growth rate of the fig seedlings after rooting is also accelerated.

[0069] Compared with Comparative Example 2, in Example 3, white sugar provides an energy source for fig cuttings, thereby contributing to the improvement of rooting rate. At the same time, white sugar, as a carbon source, can stimulate the division and proliferation of cells at the base of the cuttings, forming more rooting points. These rooting points then develop into new root strips, thereby increasing the number of root strips. This effect of white sugar, when used in conjunction with indoleacetic acid, can more effectively promote the branching and growth of the root system, thereby enabling the root system to grow continuously and rapidly, thereby achieving a longer root length. White sugar improves the survival rate of fig seedlings and promotes germination growth by improving rooting rate, increasing the number of root strips and promoting root length. In addition, white sugar has a certain osmotic regulation effect, which helps cuttings adapt to the new environment in the early stage of rooting, and also helps cuttings better absorb and utilize other components in the treatment solution, thereby improving rooting rate and survival rate.

[0070] Compared with Comparative Example 3, in Example 3, acetic acid can adjust the pH value of the treatment solution, which helps the cuttings to adapt to the new environment more quickly in the early stage of rooting, and improves the rooting speed and quality. In addition, acetic acid also has a certain antibacterial effect, which helps to reduce the infection risk of the cuttings during the rooting process, thereby improving the survival rate of the cuttings.

[0071] Compared with Comparative Example 4, the rare earth salt solution in Example 3 can stimulate the division and differentiation of cells at the base of the cuttings, thereby promoting the formation of rooting points. Rare earth elements can affect the synthesis and distribution of hormones in fig cuttings, thereby regulating the growth and development of fig cuttings. In the rooting process of fig cuttings, the rare earth salt solution can increase the number of rooting points and improve the rooting rate. The rare earth salt solution can also promote the branching and growth of the root system of the cuttings, thereby increasing the number of roots. At the same time, the rare earth elements can affect the synthesis and degradation of plant cell walls, making the cell walls more elastic and plastic, which is conducive to the division and elongation of cells. At the same time, the rare earth elements can also promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by fig cuttings, providing sufficient nutrient support for the growth of the root system. The application of the rare earth salt solution enables fig cuttings to form a robust root system faster, thereby improving the survival rate of fig seedlings. The improvement of root growth helps to accelerate the overall growth and development of the plant. Therefore, under the promotion of rare earth salt solution, fig seedlings can start to sprout and grow earlier.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating fig seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Selection of nursery sites: Select areas with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight as nursery sites; S2. Cuttings collection: In spring from February to April, select annual branches with full tissue, no pests and diseases, semi-lignified, and a diameter of 0.5-1.0 cm as cuttings; S3. Cutting pruning: keep 2-4 buds on each cutting and keep 1-2 leaves at the top of the cutting. Trim the top 2-3 cm away from the bud to a flat end and trim the bottom 0.5-1.0 cm to an oblique end or a horseshoe end. Trim the entire cutting to a length of 20-25 cm. S4. Disinfection of cuttings: The pruned cuttings were placed in a potassium permanganate solution for immersion disinfection; the mass volume ratio of the cuttings to the potassium permanganate solution was 1.0: (1.2-2.0), and after immersion, they were washed 2-3 times with pure water; S5. Rooting treatment of cuttings: Place the lower end of the sterilized cuttings into an ultrasonic treatment tank to a depth of 8-12 cm, and add a treatment solution to the ultrasonic treatment tank, wherein the treatment solution covers the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5-3.0 cm; the treatment solution is composed of indoleacetic acid, sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid, and purified water; S6. Cultivating cuttings into seedlings: insert the lower end of the rooted cuttings into a culture solution for cultivation for 8-10 days, with the culture solution covering the lower end of the cuttings by 1.5-3.0 cm; after the culture solution cultivation, transplant them into a culture matrix and cultivate for 45-60 days to obtain fig seedlings; the culture solution is composed of a rare earth salt solution, a metal salt solution, indoleacetic acid and deionized water.

2. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the potassium permanganate solution in S4 is 0.1-0.5wt%, and the soaking time is 10-30min.

3. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic frequency in S5 is set to 20-50 kHz, and the ultrasonic immersion treatment is performed for 15-30 minutes.

4. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass volume ratios of indoleacetic acid, white sugar, vitamin B12, acetic acid and purified water in the S5 treatment solution are (1.0-1.5):(0.8-1.2):(0.4-0.8):(0.5-1.1):(100.0-150.0) in g / mL.

5. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of indoleacetic acid, rare earth salt solution, metal salt solution and deionized water in the S6 culture medium is (5-10):(2-4):(4-10):(80-120) in g / mL.

6. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the rare earth salt solution and the metal salt solution is 5-7wt%.

7. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The rare earth salt solution comprises lanthanum nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and cerium nitrate in a mass ratio of (3.0-5.0):(1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5).

8. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The metal salt solution comprises ferric chloride, zinc chloride, calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of (0.5-2.0):(0.2-1.0):(1.0-3.0):(0.5-1.5).

9. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The culture matrix in S6 is composed of pearlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth and humus in a mass ratio of (1.8-2.2):(1.0-1.2):(1.0-1.5):(2.0-3.0).

10. A fig seedling cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After the culture in the culture medium in S6 is completed, the environmental conditions for transplanting into the culture matrix are as follows: maintaining the temperature at 20-25° C., maintaining the relative humidity at 70-85%, receiving scattered light irradiation for 8-12 hours every day, and ensuring good ventilation.