Purging apparatus, system, method and storage medium for fuel cells

Abstract

This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and particularly to a purging device, system, method, and storage medium for fuel cells. The device includes: a purging inlet disposed on the fuel cell stack housing; and a turbocharger connected to the purging inlet and the fuel cell exhaust pipe. The turbocharger is driven by exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe, and it draws in air to purify the fuel cell stack housing without increasing the air compressor's flow requirements, thus preventing a decrease in system efficiency due to stack housing ventilation. This solves the problems of related technologies that primarily draw air from the main air path of the fuel cell system, increasing air compressor flow requirements, increasing air compressor energy consumption, and reducing the operating efficiency of the fuel cell engine system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell purging device, system, method, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are highly efficient and clean energy conversion devices, making them one of the most promising energy sources due to their high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. PEMFCs work by generating electricity through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, with water as the only byproduct, making them a pollution-free and environmentally friendly energy technology.

[0003] In a fuel cell system, the stack assembly, as the core component of a PEMFC, is responsible for the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. To ensure the reliable operation of the stack in complex environments and to meet the functional requirements of the fuel cell system in terms of load-bearing capacity, protection, and hydrogen-electricity safety, the exposed stack is usually placed within a sealed protective enclosure.

[0004] However, during normal operation of a PEMFC, a small amount of hydrogen may leak into the cavity of the stack housing due to imperfect sealing. As the stack operates, the hydrogen concentration inside the housing may gradually accumulate to nearly 4%, a level close to the lower explosive limit of a flammable mixture formed by hydrogen in air. To avoid the potential explosion risk caused by hydrogen accumulation, forced ventilation is typically used to dilute the hydrogen concentration inside the stack housing by introducing air, maintaining it below the explosive limit. While this method effectively reduces the risk of hydrogen explosion, it also increases the workload of the air compressor, leading to higher energy consumption. This not only increases the system's operating costs but also reduces the overall efficiency of the fuel cell engine system.

[0005] To solve this problem, such as Figure 1 As shown, the related technology proposes a device including an air filter 1, an intake pipe 2, an air compressor 3, an intercooler 4, a fuel cell stack housing 5, a fuel cell stack 6, a fuel cell controller 7, a solenoid valve 8, a hydrogen concentration sensor 9, an outlet pipe 10, an intake pipe 11, and an air exhaust pipe 12. Based on a Venturi tube-type intake pipe, utilizing the Venturi effect, the fuel cell controller adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve according to the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing and the air compressor speed. This ensures that the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing is within a safe range, reduces hydrogen consumption, and saves costs.

[0006] Thus, the relevant technology solved the problem that the hydrogen concentration inside the casing might exceed the safe range and pose a safety hazard. However, due to the addition of a Venturi-type air inlet pipe with a constriction structure to the air path and the intake of air from the main air path to ventilate the fuel cell stack casing, the air compressor flow load is increased, and the air compressor power consumption is increased. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a purging device, system, method, and storage medium for fuel cells to address the problems in related technologies where the ventilation solutions for fuel cell stack housings are basically based on drawing air from the main air path of the fuel cell system, which increases the air compressor flow requirement, increases air compressor energy consumption, and reduces the working efficiency of the fuel cell engine system.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a scavenging device for a fuel cell, comprising: a scavenging inlet disposed on the stack housing of the fuel cell; and a turbocharger connected to the scavenging inlet and an exhaust pipe of the fuel cell, wherein the turbocharger is driven by exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and the turbocharger draws in air to scavenge the stack housing of the fuel cell.

[0009] Alternatively, the turbocharger is connected to the scavenging inlet via a pipeline.

[0010] Optionally, the turbocharger includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, wherein the first inlet receives exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe, the first outlet discharges exhaust gas, the second inlet receives air, and the second outlet supplies air to the scavenging inlet.

[0011] A second aspect of this application provides a fuel cell system, including: a purging device for the fuel cell according to the first aspect; a purging inlet and a purging outlet provided on the fuel cell stack housing; a hydrogen concentration sensor disposed within the fuel cell stack housing; and a controller for controlling the connection and disconnection between a turbocharger and an exhaust pipe based on the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor.

[0012] Optionally, the fuel cell stack housing is provided with an air outlet for the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the exhaust assembly also includes a back pressure valve, a three-way valve, and an air path tailpipe. The back pressure valve and the three-way valve are located on the exhaust pipe. The three-way valve is connected to the back pressure valve, the air path tailpipe, and the turbocharger, respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing of the pipeline between the air path tailpipe and the turbocharger.

[0014] Optionally, the fuel cell stack housing is provided with an air inlet for the fuel cell stack, and the air inlet is connected to an air intake assembly.

[0015] Optionally, the intake assembly includes an air filter, an air compressor, and an intercooler.

[0016] A third aspect of this application provides a method for purging a fuel cell. The method is based on the purging device of the first aspect of the fuel cell. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell stack housing; if the hydrogen concentration is less than a purging threshold, controlling the turbocharger to disconnect from the exhaust pipe; if the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the purging threshold, controlling the turbocharger to connect to the exhaust pipe, using the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to drive the turbocharger, and the turbocharger draws in air to purify the fuel cell stack housing.

[0017] The fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed, implement the purging method for a fuel cell of the third aspect.

[0018] Therefore, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The fuel cell purging device provided in this application embodiment purges the fuel cell stack housing by setting a purging inlet on the fuel cell stack housing. The purging inlet and the fuel cell exhaust pipe are connected to a turbocharger. The exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger, which draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack housing, blowing out hydrogen gas leaking into the stack housing. This prevents hydrogen accumulation within the stack housing and avoids reaching the explosive limit. Because the purging ventilation is achieved by using exhaust gas to drive the turbocharger, it does not increase the air compressor's flow requirements, preventing a decrease in system efficiency due to stack housing ventilation. Therefore, this solves the problems of related technologies that require air to be drawn from the main air path of the fuel cell system, increasing air compressor flow requirements, increasing air compressor energy consumption, and reducing the operating efficiency of the fuel cell engine system.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 Example diagram of a fuel cell stack housing ventilation device provided for related technologies;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural example diagram of a fuel cell purging device provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the structure of a fuel cell system provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the system operation principle when the fuel cell stack housing does not require ventilation and purging, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a system for ventilating and purging a fuel cell stack housing according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a purging method for a fuel cell provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0029] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a fuel cell purging device, system, method, and storage medium according to embodiments of this application. Addressing the issues raised in the background section regarding fuel cell stack housing ventilation solutions, which primarily draw air from the main air path of the fuel cell system, increasing air compressor flow requirements, increasing air compressor energy consumption, and reducing the operating efficiency of the fuel cell engine system, this application provides a fuel cell purging device. This device establishes a purging inlet on the fuel cell stack housing, connects the purging inlet and the fuel cell exhaust pipe to a turbocharger, and utilizes the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to drive the turbocharger. The turbocharger draws in air to purify the fuel cell stack housing without additionally increasing the air compressor flow requirements, thus preventing a decrease in system efficiency due to stack housing ventilation. This solves the problems of related technologies where fuel cell stack housing ventilation solutions primarily draw air from the main air path of the fuel cell system, increasing air compressor flow requirements, increasing air compressor energy consumption, and reducing the operating efficiency of the fuel cell engine system.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a structural example diagram of a fuel cell purging device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the scavenging device 10 of the fuel cell includes: a scavenging inlet 101, an exhaust pipe 102, and a turbocharger 103.

[0032] The purging inlet 101 is disposed on the stack housing of the fuel cell; the turbocharger 103 is connected to the purging inlet 101 and the exhaust pipe 102 of the fuel cell, and the turbocharger 103 is driven by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell exhaust pipe 102, and the turbocharger 103 draws in air to purge the stack housing of the fuel cell.

[0033] It is understood that this application embodiment provides a turbocharger 103, which is connected to the scavenging inlet 101 and the fuel cell exhaust pipe 102. The exhaust gas from the fuel cell exhaust pipe 102 can drive the turbocharger 103. After being driven, the turbocharger 103 can draw in air to scavenge the fuel cell stack housing, thereby achieving the purpose of purging the stack housing. Furthermore, the turbocharger 103 draws air from the atmosphere, which can effectively avoid the additional power consumption of the air compressor.

[0034] In this embodiment, the turbocharger 103 is connected to the sweep inlet 101 via a pipeline.

[0035] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the turbocharger 103 and the sweeping inlet 101 are connected by a pipeline, which can realize the airflow between the two.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, the turbocharger 103 includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first inlet receives exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe, the first outlet discharges exhaust gas, the second inlet receives air, and the second outlet supplies air to the sweep inlet 101.

[0037] It is understood that the turbocharger 103 in this embodiment has two inlets and two outlets. The first inlet uses the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell exhaust pipe 102 to drive the turbine blades, which in turn drive the coaxial compressor blades to compress the intake air from the second inlet, thereby inputting air. The exhaust gas is discharged from the first outlet through the pipe, and the air is input from the second outlet to the scavenging inlet 101.

[0038] According to the fuel cell purging device proposed in the embodiments of this application, a purging inlet is provided on the fuel cell stack housing, and the purging inlet and the fuel cell exhaust pipe are connected to a turbocharger. The exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger, and the turbocharger draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack housing. This does not increase the flow requirement of the air compressor and prevents the system efficiency from decreasing due to ventilation of the stack housing.

[0039] Next, the fuel cell system proposed according to the embodiments of this application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell system 20 includes: a fuel cell purging device 10, a purging outlet 201, a hydrogen concentration sensor 202, and a controller 203.

[0042] The purge inlet 101 and purge outlet 201 are disposed on the fuel cell stack housing; the hydrogen concentration sensor 202 is disposed inside the fuel cell stack housing; and the controller 203 is used to control the connection and disconnection between the turbocharger 103 and the exhaust pipe 102 according to the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor 202.

[0043] Among them, the hydrogen concentration sensor 202 is a device specifically designed to detect the concentration of hydrogen in the environment, and can monitor the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing in real time.

[0044] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, a hydrogen concentration sensor 202 is installed inside the fuel cell stack housing. The hydrogen concentration sensor 202 can monitor the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing in real time and feed it back to the controller 203. The controller 203 controls the connection and disconnection between the turbocharger 103 and the exhaust pipe 102 according to the hydrogen concentration. When connected, air is introduced through the purging inlet 101 and discharged through the purging outlet 201, thereby completing the purging operation.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, the fuel cell stack housing is provided with an air outlet for the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust assembly.

[0046] The air outlet is an opening or channel reserved on the fuel cell stack casing to discharge the exhaust gas generated during the operation of the stack.

[0047] It is understood that the fuel cell stack housing of this application embodiment has an air outlet reserved, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust assembly, which can be used to discharge the exhaust gas generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack from the air outlet.

[0048] In this embodiment, the exhaust assembly further includes a back pressure valve, a three-way valve, and an air path tailpipe. The back pressure valve and the three-way valve are disposed on the exhaust pipe. The three-way valve is connected to the back pressure valve, the air path tailpipe, and the turbocharger, respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing of the pipeline between the air path tailpipe and the turbocharger.

[0049] The main function of the back pressure valve is to establish a certain back pressure under specific conditions. The opening of the back pressure valve can be increased to keep the air path flow resistance the same as when the turbine is not introduced. The three-way valve is a valve with three openings that can connect three different pipelines and allow the gas to switch the flow direction between the three pipelines. The air path tailpipe is used to discharge the treated exhaust gas into the atmosphere.

[0050] It is understood that the exhaust assembly connected to the air outlet in this embodiment includes a back pressure valve, a three-way valve, and an air path tailpipe. The back pressure valve keeps the air path flow resistance the same as when the turbine is not introduced. The three-way valve is connected to the back pressure valve, the air path tailpipe, and the turbocharger respectively, and the three-way valve controls the opening and closing of the air outlet and the air path tailpipe and the turbocharger.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, an air inlet for the fuel cell stack is provided on the stack housing, and the air inlet is connected to an air intake assembly.

[0052] The air inlet is an opening or channel on the stack housing used to introduce outside air into the fuel cell stack.

[0053] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, an opening or channel is left on the stack housing of the fuel cell as an air inlet for the fuel cell stack. The air inlet is connected to an air intake assembly, and air enters the fuel cell stack through the air inlet after being processed by the air intake assembly.

[0054] In this embodiment of the application, the intake assembly includes an air filter, an air compressor, and an intercooler.

[0055] The air filter is a device used to filter the air before it enters the fuel cell stack, removing dust, particulate matter, and other impurities. The air compressor is used to increase the air pressure entering the fuel cell stack, ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply for the fuel cell reaction. The intercooler is used to cool the compressed air, making it denser and providing more oxygen to the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the system efficiency.

[0056] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the air intake assembly includes an air filter, an air compressor, and an intercooler. After being purified by the air filter, compressed by the air compressor, and cooled by the intercooler, the air enters the fuel cell stack through the air inlet and participates in the fuel cell reaction.

[0057] According to the fuel cell system proposed in this application embodiment, the fuel cell purging device, the purging inlet and outlet provided on the stack housing, the hydrogen concentration sensor, and the controller work together to control the connection and disconnection between the turbocharger and the exhaust pipe based on the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor. The exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger, which draws in air to purify the fuel cell stack housing without increasing the flow requirement of the air compressor, thus preventing a decrease in system efficiency due to ventilation of the stack housing.

[0058] The fuel cell system is further described below through a specific embodiment:

[0059] Figure 4 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system proposed in this embodiment operating at different hydrogen concentrations, as shown below. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the system includes: a purge inlet 101, a purge outlet 201, a hydrogen concentration sensor 202, an air inlet 301, an air outlet 305, an intercooler 302, an air compressor 303, an air filter 304, a back pressure valve 306, a three-way valve 307, a turbocharger 103, and an air path tailpipe 308.

[0060] The different operating modes of this embodiment will be described below with two different hydrogen concentrations, specifically:

[0061] (1) When the hydrogen concentration inside the casing is less than 1%, the stack casing does not require ventilation purging. The principle is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0062] The hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack is monitored by a hydrogen concentration sensor 202. When the hydrogen concentration inside the stack is less than 1%, the stack does not require ventilation purging. The fuel cell engine system controller controls the three-way valve 307 to directly discharge the air after the fuel cell reaction into the atmosphere through the back pressure valve 306, the three-way valve 307, and the air path tailpipe 308. At this time, the power P of the air compressor 303 is determined by the air path flow rate Q and the air path flow resistance R, calculated as follows:

[0063] P = Q·(R air filter + R intercooler + R stack + R back pressure valve + R three-way valve + R piping).

[0064] (2) When the hydrogen concentration inside the casing reaches 1%, the stack casing needs to be purged with ventilation. The principle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the details are as follows:

[0065] The hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack is monitored by a hydrogen concentration sensor 202. When the hydrogen concentration reaches 1%, the stack needs to be purged. The fuel cell engine system controller controls a three-way valve 307 to connect an air path tailpipe 308 to a turbocharger 103. Exhaust gas drives the turbocharger 103 to draw air from the atmosphere, which enters the stack through the purging inlet 101 to purge the stack. The air-hydrogen mixture is then discharged into the atmosphere through the purging outlet 201. At this time, the power of the air compressor 303 is:

[0066] P = Q·(R air filter + R intercooler + R stack + R back pressure valve + R three-way valve + R turbine + R piping).

[0067] Although a turbine, a flow resistance element, is added to the air circuit system, the air flow rate remains unchanged, and the back pressure valve opening is adjustable. The opening of the back pressure valve can be increased to keep the air circuit flow resistance the same as when the turbine is not introduced, thus ensuring that the power consumption of the air compressor is consistent with that when the turbine is not introduced.

[0068] This application also provides a method for purging a fuel cell, the method being based on a fuel cell purging device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0069] In step S401, the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing is obtained.

[0070] The method of obtaining the hydrogen concentration is achieved by installing a hydrogen concentration sensor inside the fuel cell stack housing.

[0071] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the application, a hydrogen concentration sensor is installed inside the fuel cell stack housing to monitor and obtain the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing in real time.

[0072] In step S402, if the hydrogen concentration is less than the purging threshold, the turbocharger is disconnected from the exhaust pipe.

[0073] The purging threshold is the set threshold for the hydrogen concentration that needs to be purged. It is set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. It is worth mentioning that since the volume fraction of hydrogen will reach the explosion limit when it accumulates to 4%, the purging threshold can generally be set to 1%.

[0074] It is understood that the embodiments of this application set a purging threshold to determine whether purging is required. When the hydrogen concentration sensor detects in real time that the hydrogen concentration in the fuel cell stack housing is less than the purging threshold, the fuel cell stack housing does not need to be ventilated and purged. The turbocharger is disconnected from the exhaust pipe, and no purging work is performed.

[0075] In step S403, if the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the purging threshold, the turbocharger is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger. The turbocharger draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack casing.

[0076] Understandably, when the hydrogen concentration sensor detects in real time that the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing is greater than the purging threshold, the fuel cell stack housing needs to be purged. In this case, the connection between the turbocharger and the exhaust pipe is controlled, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger. The turbocharger draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack housing, thereby reducing the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing.

[0077] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the fuel cell system embodiment also applies to the purging method of the fuel cell in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] According to the fuel cell purging method proposed in this application, the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing is obtained by a hydrogen concentration sensor. When the hydrogen concentration is less than the purging threshold, the turbocharger is disconnected from the exhaust pipe, and purging is not performed. When the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the purging threshold, the turbocharger is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger. The turbocharger draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack housing without increasing the flow requirement of the air compressor, thus preventing a decrease in system efficiency due to ventilation of the stack housing.

[0079] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions thereon, which, when executed, implements the above-described fuel cell purging method.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0082] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0083] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any of the following techniques known in the art, or a combination thereof: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods implementing the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0085] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A purging device for a fuel cell, characterized in that, include: The purging inlet is located on the stack housing of the fuel cell; A turbocharger connected to the purging inlet and the exhaust pipe of the fuel cell is driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe. The turbocharger draws in air to purify the fuel cell stack casing.

2. The purging device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbocharger is connected to the scavenging inlet via a pipeline.

3. The purging device for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbocharger includes a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first inlet receives exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe, the first outlet discharges the exhaust gas, the second inlet receives air, and the second outlet supplies the air to the scavenging inlet.

4. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The purging apparatus for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-3; The fuel cell stack housing is provided with a purging inlet and a purging outlet; A hydrogen concentration sensor is installed inside the stack housing of the fuel cell; A controller is used to control the connection and disconnection between the turbocharger and the exhaust pipe based on the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration sensor.

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack housing is provided with an air outlet for the fuel cell stack, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust assembly.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly also includes a back pressure valve, a three-way valve, and an air path tailpipe. The back pressure valve and the three-way valve are disposed on the exhaust pipe. The three-way valve is connected to the back pressure valve, the air path tailpipe, and the turbocharger, respectively, and is used to control the opening and closing of the pipeline between the air path tailpipe and the turbocharger.

7. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack housing is provided with an air inlet for the fuel cell stack, and the air inlet is connected to an air intake assembly.

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The intake assembly includes an air filter, an air compressor, and an intercooler.

9. A method for purging a fuel cell, characterized in that, The method is based on the purging device for the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method includes the following steps: Obtain the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack housing; If the hydrogen concentration is less than the purging threshold, the turbocharger is disconnected from the exhaust pipe. If the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the purging threshold, the turbocharger is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe drives the turbocharger. The turbocharger draws in air to purge the fuel cell stack casing.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed, the purging method for the fuel cell as described in claim 9 is implemented.

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