A multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for main and auxiliary power of a ship

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-mode coordinated ship main auxiliary power automatic switching system, it is related to ship power system technical field, including monitoring system, diagnostic decision system, execution system, switching verification system, maintenance management system and data communication system.The present weather condition of navigation is monitored by airborne weather radar, ship weather instrument and weather fax receiver, and the weather condition at future navigation route is predicted, to provide prediction basis for the operation mode of power system selected for future ship navigation, the prediction accuracy of weather data is increased by comparing the data of the two, while the ship weather instrument monitors the wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and humidity data around in real time when ship navigation, the current data is stored in data storage, form database, it is convenient for subsequent maintenance management system to predict potential danger according to historical data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship power switching technology, specifically to a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power. Background Technology

[0002] Marine propulsion is an important and indispensable component of a ship, often referred to as the "heart of the ship." It is a power system designed to ensure the normal operation of the ship and its navigation. It mainly includes: main propulsion, auxiliary propulsion, and other auxiliary machinery and equipment. The existing main-auxiliary power switching system can only manually execute the switching operation mode of the power system according to the current usage of main and auxiliary power and navigation needs, and cannot predict potential risks during navigation.

[0003] The shortcomings of existing ship power switching systems are:

[0004] 1. Patent document CN105035296B discloses an automatic switching device and method for the working mode of a hybrid electric propulsion ship's energy system. It mainly considers how to automatically switch energy modes while avoiding insufficient manual switching, reducing malfunctions, and ensuring safety. However, it does not consider how to increase the accuracy of meteorological data prediction to facilitate the prediction of potential navigation risks.

[0005] 2. Patent document CN114489016B discloses a multi-mode switching control and fault handling device and method for a ship's power system. It mainly considers how to provide different solutions based on the type and timing of faults that occur during different mode switching processes, but does not consider how to comprehensively monitor the ship in real time and provide a basis for future maintenance and management.

[0006] 3. Patent document CN110532613B discloses a method and device for identifying the operating conditions of a ship's power system. It mainly considers how to effectively classify different operating conditions of the ship's power system, but does not consider developing a corresponding switching scheme for the power system's operating mode through diagnosis to ensure a smooth transition of the ship's power during automatic system switching.

[0007] 4. Patent document CN114633640B discloses a power switching system, method and rail vehicle for rail vehicles. It mainly considers how to select the power supply mode and complete the switching of the power supply mode, but does not consider evaluating the effect of the new working mode after the power system is switched, or checking whether the navigation effect of the ship after the switch meets the expected goal. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for main and auxiliary power of ships to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power, comprising a monitoring system, a diagnostic decision-making system, an execution system, a switching verification system, a maintenance management system, and a data communication system. The monitoring system is used to collect data on the operating status of the power system, the ship's navigation status, and weather conditions in real time. The diagnostic decision-making system diagnoses the data monitored by the monitoring system and makes decisions to determine the optimal switching timing and method. The execution system executes the switching operation based on the diagnostic and decision-making results of the diagnostic decision-making system. The switching verification system verifies, evaluates, and records the switching effect after the switching operation. The maintenance management system is used to monitor and maintain the entire power system, prevent and handle possible faults, and the data communication system is used to wirelessly transmit the real-time data monitored by the monitoring system.

[0010] The monitoring system includes a working status monitoring unit, a navigation status monitoring unit, a driving environment monitoring unit, data storage and data processing. The working status monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, gearbox, generator set and battery in real time. The navigation status monitoring unit is used to monitor the ship's navigation parameters. The driving environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the weather conditions and seawater conditions in real time during navigation.

[0011] The navigation environment monitoring unit uses airborne weather radar, ship weather instruments, temperature, salinity and depth measuring instruments, current measuring instruments and weather fax receivers to monitor weather and seawater conditions in real time during navigation and to predict future weather.

[0012] Preferably, the navigation status monitoring unit includes a GPS positioning device, a ship attitude detector, and a liquid tank loading measurement device. The ship attitude detector is used to detect the ship's motion attitude on the water surface. The ship attitude detector and the GPS positioning device are used together to obtain the navigation speed and heading. The liquid tank loading measurement device is used to detect the ship's specific loading volume.

[0013] Preferably, the working status monitoring unit includes an operating mode recognition device, a diesel engine monitoring device, an electrical parameter monitoring device, and a vibration analyzer;

[0014] Operating mode identification: The operating mode of the current power system is determined based on the monitoring results of the diesel engine monitoring instrument, electrical parameter monitoring instrument, and vibration analyzer;

[0015] Diesel engine monitoring system: Utilizes a CPU electronic measurement and control system to accurately monitor the main diesel engine's speed, oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature data;

[0016] Electrical parameter monitoring instrument: used to monitor the voltage, current and frequency of shaft-driven generators, gearboxes, generator sets and batteries in real time;

[0017] Vibration analyzer: Used to detect and analyze vibration data of main diesel engines, shaft-driven generators, gearboxes and generator sets, to facilitate subsequent diagnosis of equipment health status.

[0018] Preferably, the data storage includes a memory for centrally storing real-time data monitored by the working status monitoring unit, the navigation status monitoring unit, and the weather condition monitoring unit to form a database. The data processing includes data cleaning and data analysis for integrating and analyzing the data in the data storage in real time.

[0019] Preferably, the diagnostic decision system includes decision switching, status assessment, fault diagnosis, and decision making. The decision switching determines whether a switch of the power system operating mode is required based on data collected by the monitoring system and preset navigation requirements. The status assessment evaluates the operating mode of the power system, the main diesel engine, the shaft-driven generator, the generator set, and the battery based on real-time data monitored by the working status monitoring unit to determine whether they are working normally. The fault diagnosis performs fault diagnosis on abnormal power source equipment based on the results of the status assessment to determine the cause and location of the fault. The decision making formulates corresponding decisions based on the results of the status assessment and fault diagnosis.

[0020] Preferably, the execution system includes a controller, which is used to control the power system to switch to the corresponding operating mode based on the decision result of the diagnostic decision system.

[0021] Preferably, the power system operates in three modes: PTO mode, PTI mode, and PTH mode.

[0022] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is severe, hindering the ship's navigation, the diagnostic decision system will decide to operate in main engine mode.

[0023] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is calm and has no impact on the ship's navigation, the decision result of the diagnostic decision system is to use the PTI mode.

[0024] When the main diesel engine malfunctions, but the shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are working normally, the diagnostic decision system will decide to drive in PTH mode.

[0025] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the wind direction is consistent with the navigation direction, propelling the ship forward, the diagnostic decision system decides to use PTO mode.

[0026] Preferably, the switching verification system includes effect evaluation and fault detection. The effect evaluation assesses the switching effect based on real-time data monitored by the monitoring system after the switching to determine whether the power system has reached the expected stable state. The fault detection performs fault detection on the power source after the switching based on the effect evaluation results to determine the problem.

[0027] Preferably, the maintenance management system includes an anomaly identification unit, a management recording unit, and a remote communication unit. The anomaly identification unit is used to analyze the monitoring data of the monitoring system in real time, identify anomalies, and perform fault diagnosis. Based on historical data and operating trends, it predicts potential faults. The management recording unit is used to record all monitoring data and maintenance activities and generate detailed reports. The remote communication unit includes a wireless communication network, which is used to transmit data to a shore-based support center. Experts remotely diagnose problems and provide solutions, and the data is fed back to the ship via the wireless communication network, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. This invention uses airborne weather radar, ship weather instrument, and weather fax receiver to monitor the navigation environment in real time. The ship weather instrument monitors the current weather conditions during navigation and uses airborne weather radar and weather fax receiver to predict the weather conditions at future navigation routes, providing a predictive basis for the power system operation mode selected for future ship navigation. The weather fax receiver receives weather information issued by land-based weather stations. By comparing the two data, the accuracy of weather data prediction is increased. At the same time, the ship weather instrument monitors the surrounding wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, and humidity data in real time during ship navigation, storing the current data in the data storage to form a database, which facilitates the subsequent maintenance and management system to predict potential dangers based on historical data.

[0030] 2. This invention collects real-time status and operation data of the ship's power system, basic navigation operation information, and navigation environment data through a monitoring system. The data is stored in a data storage system to form a database, and analyzed and processed in real time. The results of the data analysis are then sent to the ship's monitoring center through a data communication system and presented in a visual manner, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time ship monitoring. The large amount of real-time data provides accurate information for power system switching. The system will continuously collect and analyze data to optimize switching strategies and provide a basis for future maintenance and management.

[0031] 3. This invention determines whether a power system operating mode switch is necessary based on data monitored by the monitoring system and preset navigation requirements. The preset navigation requirements include navigation distance and navigation duration. Once it is determined that the power system operating mode needs to be switched, a status assessment is performed based on the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery in the database, as well as the power system operating mode, to determine whether each device is working properly. If any device is found to be malfunctioning, a fault diagnosis is performed on the abnormal power source equipment to determine the cause and location of the fault. Subsequently, a decision is made based on the results of the status assessment and fault diagnosis to determine the power system operating mode to be switched, ensuring a smooth transition of ship power when the system automatically performs the switching operation.

[0032] 4. The present invention evaluates the effect of switching by using the ship operation data monitored by the monitoring system after switching in the effect evaluation system. It determines whether the ship has reached the expected stable operating state after the power system is switched. Then, the fault detection is performed on the power source after switching based on the effect evaluation results to identify the problem and avoid the situation where the ship's navigation effect does not reach the expected goal after switching the power system working mode, which would affect the normal navigation of the ship. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the driving environment monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the navigation status monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the working status monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the diagnostic decision system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the maintenance management system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This invention provides an embodiment of a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power, comprising a monitoring system, a diagnostic decision-making system, an execution system, a switching verification system, a maintenance management system, and a data communication system. The monitoring system collects data on the power system's operating status, the ship's navigation status, and weather conditions in real time. The diagnostic decision-making system diagnoses the data monitored by the monitoring system and makes decisions to determine the optimal switching timing and method. The execution system executes the switching operation based on the diagnostic and decision-making results of the diagnostic decision-making system. The switching verification system verifies, evaluates, and records the switching effect after the switching operation. The maintenance management system monitors and maintains the entire power system, preventing and handling potential faults. The data communication system wirelessly transmits the real-time data monitored by the monitoring system.

[0043] The monitoring system includes a working status monitoring unit, a navigation status monitoring unit, a driving environment monitoring unit, data storage and data processing. The working status monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, gearbox, generator set and battery in real time. The navigation status monitoring unit is used to monitor the ship's navigation parameters. The driving environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the weather conditions and seawater conditions in real time during navigation.

[0044] The navigation environment monitoring unit uses airborne weather radar, ship weather instruments, temperature, salinity and depth measuring instruments, current measuring instruments and weather fax receivers to monitor weather and seawater conditions in real time during navigation and to predict future weather.

[0045] Furthermore, the monitoring system is the cornerstone of the entire power switching system. The monitoring system is divided into a working status monitoring unit, a navigation status monitoring unit, and a navigation environment monitoring unit for monitoring information, as well as a data storage unit for storing real-time data and a data processing unit for integrating and analyzing real-time data. The monitoring system collects the status and operating data of the ship's power system, basic navigation operating information, and navigation environment data in real time, stores the data in the data storage to form a database, and analyzes and processes the data in real time. Then, the results of the data analysis are sent to the ship's monitoring center through the data communication system and presented in a visual way, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time monitoring of the ship. A large amount of real-time data provides real-time and accurate information for power system switching. The system will continue to collect data and analyze it to optimize the switching strategy and provide a basis for future maintenance and management.

[0046] Firstly, the navigation environment monitoring unit monitors the current weather conditions during navigation using the ship's weather instrument, and predicts the weather conditions along the future navigation route using airborne weather radar and weather fax receiver. This provides a predictive basis for the power system operation mode selected for future ship navigation. During ship navigation, the airborne weather radar emits a series of pulsed electromagnetic waves. When the emitted pulsed electromagnetic waves encounter clouds or ground targets containing moisture, part of the signal is reflected back, forming an echo signal. This echo signal is received by the antenna on the airborne weather radar and, after signal processing, detects the weather conditions in the area ahead of the ship's route and in the fan-shaped area to the left and right, including the distribution and amount of rain, cloud thickness, height and moisture content, storm location and its movement path. At the same time, the weather fax receiver receives weather information issued by land-based weather stations. By comparing the two sets of data, the accuracy of weather prediction is increased. Meanwhile, the ship's weather instrument monitors the surrounding wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and humidity data in real time during ship navigation, storing the current data in the data storage to form a database. This facilitates the subsequent maintenance and management system to predict potential dangers based on historical data, enabling preventive maintenance and increasing ship safety.

[0047] The temperature, salinity, and depth measuring instrument obtains real-time temperature by measuring the current change of a thermistor, salinity by measuring the conductivity of seawater and adding a temperature compensation mechanism, and depth by measuring seawater pressure. The current velocity measuring instrument accurately monitors the flow velocity of seawater through a measuring probe. Since the temperature, salinity, and flow velocity of seawater all affect the ship's speed during navigation, monitoring these external influencing factors and navigation requirements helps the diagnostic decision-making system to formulate corresponding decisions and select a suitable operating mode.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] Please see Figure 4The present invention provides an embodiment of a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for main and auxiliary power of a ship. The navigation status monitoring unit includes a GPS positioning device, a ship attitude detector and a liquid tank loading measurement device. The ship attitude detector is used to detect the ship's motion attitude on the water surface. The navigation speed and heading are obtained by using the ship attitude detector and the GPS positioning device in combination. The liquid tank loading measurement device is used to detect the specific loading of the ship.

[0050] The working status monitoring unit includes an operating mode recognition device, a diesel engine monitor, an electrical parameter monitor, and a vibration analyzer;

[0051] Operating mode identification: The operating mode of the current power system is determined based on the monitoring results of the diesel engine monitoring instrument, electrical parameter monitoring instrument, and vibration analyzer;

[0052] Diesel engine monitoring system: Utilizes a CPU electronic measurement and control system to accurately monitor the main diesel engine's speed, oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature data;

[0053] Electrical parameter monitoring instrument: used to monitor the voltage, current and frequency of shaft-driven generators, gearboxes, generator sets and batteries in real time;

[0054] Vibration analyzer: Used to detect and analyze vibration data of main diesel engines, shaft-driven generators, gearboxes and generator sets, to facilitate subsequent diagnosis of equipment health status.

[0055] Furthermore, the GPS positioning device determines the ship's real-time position by measuring the transmission time of satellite signals, and the ship attitude detection instrument detects the ship's motion attitude on the water surface. By using the two together, the ship's real-time sailing speed can be accurately obtained. The liquid tank loading measurement device obtains the ship's liquid tank loading based on the water pressure data detected by the probe. The navigation status monitoring unit monitors the ship's speed and loading information to facilitate the diagnostic decision-making system to make decisions, select the best power system operating mode and switching timing, and at the same time, the meteorological station will accurately send meteorological information to the meteorological fax receiver based on the real-time position information monitored by the GPS positioning device.

[0056] The operating status monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, gearbox, and generator set in real time. Simultaneously, the operating mode identification function determines the current power system operating mode based on the operating parameters monitored by the diesel engine monitor, electrical parameter monitor, and vibration analyzer. Specifically, the power system operating modes are divided into PTO mode, PTI mode, and PTH mode. The diesel engine monitor collects data such as the main diesel engine's speed, oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature in real time. The electrical parameter monitor monitors the operating current, operating voltage, and operating frequency of the shaft-driven generator, gearbox, and generator set. The vibration analyzer, by monitoring the vibration data of the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, gearbox, and generator set, determines the health status of each device, facilitating subsequent diagnostic decision-making by the system to respond to equipment failures and switch power systems.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Please see Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention is a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for main and auxiliary power of a ship. The data storage includes a memory for centrally storing real-time data monitored by the working status monitoring unit, the navigation status monitoring unit, and the weather condition monitoring unit to form a database. The data processing includes data cleaning and data analysis for integrating and analyzing the data in the data storage in real time.

[0059] Furthermore, the operating parameters monitored by the working status monitoring unit, the navigation parameters monitored by the navigation status monitoring unit, and the real-time navigation environment data monitored by the navigation environment monitoring unit will be stored in the memory to form a database. Data cleaning will clean the data in the memory to correct any errors in the data. After that, data analysis will analyze and process the cleaned data to ensure the accuracy of the data in the database, so that the subsequent diagnostic decision system can make a diagnosis and formulate corresponding decisions based on the processed data.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6The present invention provides an embodiment of a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for main and auxiliary power systems of ships. The diagnostic decision system includes switching determination, status assessment, fault diagnosis, and decision making. The switching determination determines whether a power system operation mode switch is required based on data collected by the monitoring system and preset navigation requirements. The status assessment evaluates the power system operation mode, main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery based on real-time data monitored by the working status monitoring unit to determine whether they are working normally. The fault diagnosis performs fault diagnosis on abnormal power source equipment based on the status assessment results to determine the cause and location of the fault. The decision making formulates corresponding decisions based on the status assessment and fault diagnosis results.

[0062] The execution system includes a controller, which is used to control the power system to switch to the corresponding working mode based on the decision result of the diagnostic decision system.

[0063] The power system operates in three modes: PTO mode, PTI mode, and PTH mode.

[0064] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is severe, hindering the ship's navigation, the diagnostic decision system will decide to operate in main engine mode.

[0065] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is calm and has no impact on the ship's navigation, the decision result of the diagnostic decision system is to use the PTI mode.

[0066] When the main diesel engine malfunctions, but the shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are working normally, the diagnostic decision system will decide to drive in PTH mode.

[0067] When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the wind direction is consistent with the navigation direction, propelling the ship forward, the diagnostic decision system decides to use PTO mode.

[0068] Furthermore, after data monitoring, the system determines whether a switch is needed based on the data monitored by the system and preset navigation requirements. These preset navigation requirements include navigation distance and duration. Once a switch is determined, a status assessment is performed based on the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery in the database, as well as the power system's operating mode. This assessment determines whether each device is functioning correctly. If any device is found to be malfunctioning, a fault diagnosis is performed on the abnormal power source equipment to determine the cause and location of the fault. Subsequently, a decision is made based on the status assessment and fault diagnosis results to determine the power system operating mode to be switched to, ensuring a smooth transition of the ship's power when the system automatically performs the switch. After the switch decision is made, the controller will control the power system to switch to the corresponding operating mode based on the decision results of the diagnostic decision system.

[0069] When the main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally, and the weather is inclement, hindering the ship's navigation, the ship requires significant thrust to maintain normal speed. In this case, the diagnostic decision system recommends using main engine mode, where the main diesel engine directly drives the ship. When the main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally, and the weather is calm and has no impact on the ship's navigation, the diagnostic decision system recommends using PTI mode, a hybrid power mode that achieves a more efficient propulsion configuration. When the main diesel engine malfunctions, but the shaft generator, generator set, and battery are operating normally, the diagnostic decision system recommends using PTH mode. PTH mode is used in emergency situations to prevent the entire ship from being paralyzed due to a main diesel engine failure, thus affecting the ship's navigation. When the main diesel engine, shaft generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally, and the wind direction is consistent with the navigation direction, propelling the ship forward, the diagnostic decision system recommends using PTO mode. In PTO mode, the shaft generator can charge the battery. When the system is operating in PTI mode, the battery can discharge to provide energy, achieving energy saving.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 7 The present invention provides an embodiment of a multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power. The switching verification system includes effect evaluation and fault detection. The effect evaluation assesses the switching effect based on real-time data monitored by the monitoring system after the switching to determine whether the power system has reached the expected stable state. The fault detection performs fault detection on the power source after the switching based on the effect evaluation results to determine the problem.

[0072] The maintenance and management system includes an anomaly identification unit, a management recording unit, and a remote communication unit. The anomaly identification unit is used to analyze the monitoring data of the monitoring system in real time, identify anomalies, and diagnose faults. Based on historical data and operating trends, it predicts potential faults. The management recording unit is used to record all monitoring data and maintenance activities and generate detailed reports. The remote communication unit includes a wireless communication network, which is used to transmit data to the shore support center. Experts remotely diagnose problems and provide solutions, and the results are fed back to the ship via the wireless communication network, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0073] Furthermore, after the switch is completed, the effect evaluation in the switch verification system evaluates the switch effect based on the ship operation data monitored by the post-switch monitoring system to determine whether the ship has reached the expected stable operating state after the power system switch. Then, the fault detection performs fault detection on the power source after the switch based on the effect evaluation results to identify the problem and avoid the ship's navigation effect not reaching the expected goal after the switch of the power system working mode, which would affect the normal navigation of the ship.

[0074] During ship navigation, the maintenance management system continuously monitors and maintains the entire power system of the ship, preventing and handling potential malfunctions. The anomaly identification unit analyzes the monitoring data of the monitoring system in real time, identifies anomalies, and diagnoses faults, which helps to promptly detect and handle problems, avoid potential safety accidents, and predict potential faults and maintenance needs based on historical data and operating trends, thereby achieving preventive maintenance, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and improve equipment availability. When a fault is diagnosed, the wireless communication network transmits the real-time data monitored by the monitoring system to the shore support center, where experts remotely diagnose the problem and propose solutions, improving maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the management recording unit records all monitoring data and maintenance activities and generates detailed reports.

[0075] Working Principle: The monitoring system collects real-time status and operational data of the ship's power system, basic navigation information, and navigation environment data. This data is stored in a data storage system to form a database. The system analyzes and processes the data in real time, then transmits the results to the ship's monitoring center via a data communication system for visualization. This achieves real-time ship monitoring. The large amount of real-time data provides accurate information for power system switching. The system continuously collects and analyzes data to optimize switching strategies and provide a basis for future maintenance and management. Real-time data is stored in a memory, and the data is cleaned to correct errors, forming a database. Switching Determination: Based on the data monitored by the system and preset navigation requirements, the system determines whether a power system operating mode switch is necessary. If equipment malfunctions, fault diagnosis is performed on the abnormal power source equipment to determine the cause and location of the fault. Decision Making: Based on the status assessment and fault diagnosis results, a corresponding decision is made to determine the power system operating mode to be switched, as well as the specific method and timing of the switch.

[0076] After the switching decision is made, the controller will control the power system to switch to the corresponding operating mode based on the decision results of the diagnostic decision system. After the switch is completed, the effect evaluation in the switching verification system will evaluate the effect of the switch based on the ship operation data monitored by the post-switching monitoring system to determine whether the ship has reached the expected stable operating state after the power system switch. Fault detection will perform fault detection on the power source after the switch based on the effect evaluation results to identify the problem. The maintenance management system will continuously monitor and maintain the entire power system of the ship to prevent and handle possible faults, which will help to detect and deal with problems in a timely manner and avoid potential safety accidents. Based on historical data and operating trends, potential faults and maintenance needs will be predicted to achieve preventive maintenance, which will help reduce maintenance costs and improve equipment availability.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power, characterized in that: The system includes a monitoring system, a diagnostic decision-making system, an execution system, a switching verification system, a maintenance management system, and a data communication system. The monitoring system collects data on the power system's operating status, the ship's navigation status, and weather conditions in real time. The diagnostic decision-making system diagnoses the data monitored by the monitoring system and makes decisions to determine the optimal switching timing and method. The execution system executes the switching operation based on the diagnostic and decision-making results of the diagnostic decision-making system. The switching verification system verifies, evaluates, and records the switching effect after the switching operation. The maintenance management system monitors and maintains the entire power system, preventing and handling potential faults. The data communication system wirelessly transmits the real-time data monitored by the monitoring system. The monitoring system includes a working status monitoring unit, a navigation status monitoring unit, a driving environment monitoring unit, data storage and data processing. The working status monitoring unit is used to monitor the operating parameters of the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, gearbox, generator set and battery in real time. The navigation status monitoring unit is used to monitor the ship's navigation parameters. The driving environment monitoring unit is used to monitor the weather conditions and seawater conditions in real time during navigation. The working status monitoring unit includes an operating mode recognition device, a diesel engine monitor, an electrical parameter monitor, and a vibration analyzer; Operating mode identification: Determine the current operating mode of the power system based on the monitoring results of the diesel engine monitor, electrical parameter monitor, and vibration analyzer; Diesel engine monitoring system: Utilizes a CPU electronic measurement and control system to accurately monitor the main diesel engine's speed, oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature data; Electrical parameter monitoring instrument: used to monitor the voltage, current and frequency of shaft-driven generators, gearboxes, generator sets and batteries in real time; Vibration analyzer: used to detect and analyze vibration data of main diesel engines, shaft-driven generators, gearboxes and generator sets, to facilitate subsequent diagnosis of equipment health status; The navigation status monitoring unit includes a GPS positioning device, a ship attitude detector, and a liquid tank loading measurement device. The ship attitude detector is used to detect the ship's motion attitude on the water surface. The ship attitude detector and the GPS positioning device work together to obtain the navigation speed and heading. The liquid tank loading measurement device is used to detect the ship's specific loading capacity. By monitoring the ship's speed and loading capacity information, the navigation status monitoring unit facilitates the diagnostic decision-making system to make decisions and select the optimal power system operating mode and switching timing. The navigation environment monitoring unit uses airborne weather radar, ship weather instrument, temperature, salinity and depth measuring instrument, current velocity measuring instrument and weather fax receiver to monitor the weather and seawater conditions during navigation in real time and predict future weather. The navigation environment monitoring unit monitors the current weather conditions during navigation through the ship weather instrument and uses airborne weather radar and weather fax receiver to predict the weather conditions at the future navigation route, providing a predictive basis for the power system operation mode selected for future ship navigation. The power system operates in three modes: PTO mode, PTI mode, and PTH mode. When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is severe, hindering the ship's navigation, the diagnostic decision system will decide to operate in main engine mode. When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the weather is calm and has no impact on the ship's navigation, the decision result of the diagnostic decision system is to use the PTI mode. When the main diesel engine malfunctions, but the shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are working normally, the diagnostic decision system will decide to drive in PTH mode. When the main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery are all operating normally and the wind direction is consistent with the navigation direction, propelling the ship forward, the diagnostic decision system decides to use PTO mode.

2. The multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The data storage includes a memory for centrally storing real-time data monitored by the working status monitoring unit, the navigation status monitoring unit, and the weather condition monitoring unit to form a database. The data processing includes data cleaning and data analysis for integrating and analyzing the data in the data storage.

3. The multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diagnostic decision-making system includes decision switching, status assessment, fault diagnosis, and decision making. The decision switching determines whether a power system operation mode switch is needed based on data collected by the monitoring system and preset navigation requirements. The status assessment evaluates the power system's operating mode, main diesel engine, shaft-driven generator, generator set, and battery based on real-time data monitored by the operating status monitoring unit to determine whether they are operating normally. The fault diagnosis performs fault diagnosis on abnormal power source equipment based on the status assessment results to determine the cause and location of the fault. The decision making formulates corresponding decisions based on the status assessment and fault diagnosis results.

4. The multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The execution system includes a controller, which is used to control the power system to switch to the corresponding working mode based on the decision results of the diagnostic decision system.

5. The multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The switching verification system includes effect evaluation and fault detection. The effect evaluation assesses the switching effect based on real-time data monitored by the monitoring system after the switch to determine whether the power system has reached the expected stable state. The fault detection performs fault detection on the power source after the switch based on the effect evaluation results to identify the problem.

6. The multi-mode coordinated automatic switching system for ship main and auxiliary power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance and management system includes an anomaly identification unit, a management recording unit, and a remote communication unit. The anomaly identification unit is used to analyze the monitoring data of the monitoring system in real time, identify anomalies, and diagnose faults. Based on historical data and operating trends, it predicts potential faults. The management recording unit is used to record all monitoring data and maintenance activities and generate detailed reports. The remote communication unit includes a wireless communication network, which is used to transmit data to the shore support center. Experts remotely diagnose problems and provide solutions, and the results are fed back to the ship via the wireless communication network, improving maintenance efficiency.

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