A cooperative system and method for multi-channel quantum communication based on Damman gratings

Abstract

This invention discloses a collaborative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, comprising a smart platform center, a quantum key management cloud platform, a Damman grating, and multiple local user terminals. The quantum key management cloud platform includes a quantum key detection terminal and a detection result transmission terminal. The local user terminals include local smart sub-platforms and quantum key transmission terminals. This invention also provides a collaborative method based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, implemented using the aforementioned collaborative system. This invention discloses a collaborative system and method based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication. By combining a smart platform and a quantum communication link, the communication security of the smart platform is improved. Furthermore, multi-channel quantum communication via Damman gratings is compatible with existing fiber optic networks, making it easier to deploy and use in practical scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum communication networks and information security technology, specifically to a collaborative system and method for multi-channel quantum communication based on Damman gratings. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, classical cryptography is facing challenges from quantum computing. Quantum computing enables computers to perform calculations more efficiently than traditional computers, thus threatening classical cryptography. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols, based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, offer higher security compared to classical communication. QKD technology can ensure the secure exchange of keys between remote parties. Although QKD technology has been theoretically proven to be unconditionally secure, in practical implementations, it is still difficult to guarantee the security of the communication system because various device limitations must still be considered.

[0003] The Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (TF-QKD) protocol effectively circumvents all vulnerabilities at the measurement end of QKD systems. Since its inception, TF-QKD has achieved numerous theoretical and experimental breakthroughs and can now be used in communication scenarios requiring long distances. The TF-QKD protocol boasts a higher key generation rate and a longer secure distance, making it more practical and feasible in real-world applications. Furthermore, TF-QKD is compatible with existing fiber optic networks, facilitating its deployment and use in practical scenarios and further enhancing the practicality of quantum communication systems.

[0004] However, there is currently no solution to apply quantum communication technology to the smart platform center. Relying solely on classical cryptography, the communication security of the smart platform center is difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem of unreliable communication security in current smart platform centers, this invention proposes a collaborative system and method based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A collaborative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication includes a smart platform center, a quantum key management cloud platform, a Damman grating, and multiple local user terminals;

[0008] The quantum key management cloud platform includes a quantum key detection terminal and a detection result sending terminal;

[0009] The local user terminal includes a local smart sub-platform and a quantum key transmission terminal;

[0010] One of the local smart sub-platforms of the communication party requests communication from the smart platform center. The smart platform center transmits the communication instruction to the key management cloud platform. After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the other local smart sub-platform of the communication party.

[0011] The local user terminals of both communicating parties each emit single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters. The single-photon signals enter the Damman grating through the quantum channel. The Damman grating multiplexes the single-photon signals and transmits them to the quantum key detection terminal of the quantum key management cloud platform for detection. The detection results are transmitted to the detection result transmitter, which then informs the local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties of the detection results. The local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and quantum communication is realized through the generated secure key.

[0012] In the above scheme, the communication security of the smart platform is improved by combining the smart platform and the quantum communication link; moreover, the multi-channel quantum communication achieved by the Damman grating is compatible with existing fiber optic networks, making it easier to deploy and use in real-world scenarios.

[0013] Preferably, the quantum key transmitter includes a laser source, an intensity modulator, a phase modulator, a spatial light modulator, and a tunable optical attenuator connected in sequence.

[0014] The output of the tunable optical attenuator is connected to the quantum key detector via a Dammann grating.

[0015] Preferably, the quantum key transmitter further includes a random number generator;

[0016] The output of the random number generator is connected to the input of the intensity modulator and the input of the phase modulator, respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the quantum key detection end includes a beam splitter, a first single-photon detector, and a second single-photon detector;

[0018] The output of the adjustable optical attenuator is connected to the input of the beam splitter via a Damman grating. The output of the beam splitter is connected to the input of the first single-photon detector and the input of the second single-photon detector, respectively. The outputs of the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector are connected to the detection result transmission end, respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the Damman grating is a one-dimensional Damman grating, a two-dimensional Damman grating, or a three-dimensional Damman grating.

[0020] Preferably, the quantum key management cloud platform further includes a quantum gateway;

[0021] The quantum gateway is connected to the smart platform center and the quantum key detection terminal, respectively.

[0022] Preferably, the local smart sub-platform is connected to the quantum gateway via a classical channel.

[0023] Preferably, the local smart sub-platform is connected to the smart platform center via a classic channel.

[0024] Preferably, the quantum key management cloud platform further includes a quantum data management module;

[0025] The quantum data management module is connected to the quantum key detector.

[0026] A cooperative method based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, implemented using the aforementioned cooperative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1: One of the local smart sub-platforms of the communicating party requests communication from the smart platform center;

[0028] S2: The intelligent platform center transmits communication instructions to the key management cloud platform;

[0029] S3: After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the local smart sub-platform of the other communicating party;

[0030] S4: The two communicating parties each send single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters;

[0031] S5: The single-photon signal enters the Damman grating through the quantum channel. The Damman grating multiplexes the single-photon signal and transmits it to the quantum key detector for detection to obtain the detection result.

[0032] S6: Transmit the detection results to the detection result sending end, and the detection result sending end informs the local smart sub-platform of both communicating parties of the detection results;

[0033] S7: The local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and realize quantum communication through the generated secure key.

[0034] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0035] This invention provides a collaborative system and method for multi-channel quantum communication based on Damman gratings. By combining a smart platform with a quantum communication link, the communication security of the smart platform is improved. Moreover, multi-channel quantum communication achieved through Damman gratings is compatible with existing fiber optic networks, making it easier to deploy and use in real-world scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module connection of the quantum key transmitter in this invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quantum key detection terminal in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation steps of the technical solution of the present invention;

[0040] Among them: 100, Smart Platform Center; 200, Quantum Key Management Cloud Platform; 210, Quantum Key Detector; 211, Beam Splitter; 212, First Single Photon Detector; 213, Second Single Photon Detector; 220, Detection Result Transmitter; 230, Quantum Gateway; 240, Quantum Data Management Module; 300, Local User Terminal; 310, Local Smart Sub-Platform; 320, Quantum Key Transmitter; 321, Laser Source; 322, Intensity Modulator; 323, Phase Modulator; 324, Spatial Light Modulator; 325, Adjustable Optical Attenuator; 326, Random Number Generator; 400, Damman Grating. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. However, the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a collaborative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication includes a smart platform center 100, a quantum key management cloud platform 200, a Damman grating 400, and multiple local user terminals 300.

[0044] The quantum key management cloud platform 200 includes a quantum key detection terminal 210 and a detection result sending terminal 220;

[0045] The local user terminal 300 includes a local smart sub-platform 310 and a quantum key transmitter 320;

[0046] One of the communication parties' local smart sub-platforms 310 requests communication from the smart platform center 100. The smart platform center 100 transmits the communication instruction to the key management cloud platform. After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the other communication party's local smart sub-platform 310.

[0047] The local user terminals 300 of both communicating parties each emit single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters 320. The single-photon signals enter the Damman grating 400 through the quantum channel. The Damman grating 400 multiplexes the single-photon signals and transmits them to the quantum key detector 210 of the quantum key management cloud platform 200 for detection. The detection results are transmitted to the detection result transmitter 220, which then informs the local smart sub-platforms 310 of both communicating parties of the detection results. The local smart sub-platforms 310 of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and realize quantum communication through the generated secure key.

[0048] In the specific implementation process, the communication security of the smart platform is improved by combining the smart platform with the quantum communication link; moreover, the multi-channel quantum communication achieved through the Damman grating 400 is compatible with existing fiber optic networks, making it easier to deploy and use in real-world scenarios.

[0049] More specifically, the quantum key transmitter 320 includes a laser light source 321, an intensity modulator 322, a phase modulator 323, a spatial light modulator 324, and a tunable light attenuator 325 connected in sequence.

[0050] The output of the tunable optical attenuator 325 is connected to the quantum key detector 210 via a Damman grating 400.

[0051] In the specific implementation process, the laser emitted by the laser source 321 undergoes intensity modulation by the intensity modulator 322, followed by phase modulation by the phase modulator 323, where the modulation coefficient is determined by the random number generator 326. Finally, the modulated signal light is processed by the tunable optical attenuator 325, attenuating it to the single-photon level before passing through the Damman grating 400 and entering the quantum key detection terminal 210 in the quantum key management cloud platform 200 for detection. By employing dual-field quantum key distribution technology, a higher key generation rate and a longer secure distance are achieved.

[0052] More specifically, the quantum key transmitter 320 further includes a random number generator 326;

[0053] The output of the random number generator 326 is connected to the input of the intensity modulator 322 and the input of the phase modulator 323, respectively.

[0054] More specifically, the quantum key detection terminal 210 includes a beam splitter 211, a first single-photon detector 212, and a second single-photon detector 213;

[0055] The output of the adjustable optical attenuator 325 is connected to the input of the beam splitter 211 via the Damman grating 400. The output of the beam splitter 211 is connected to the input of the first single-photon detector 212 and the input of the second single-photon detector 213, respectively. The outputs of the first single-photon detector 212 and the second single-photon detector 213 are connected to the detection result transmitting end 220, respectively.

[0056] In the specific implementation process, after the signal light enters the beam splitter 211, it is detected on the first single-photon detector 212 and the second single-photon detector 213.

[0057] More specifically, the Damman grating 400 is a one-dimensional Damman grating, a two-dimensional Damman grating, or a three-dimensional Damman grating.

[0058] In practical implementation, the eigenstates of photon orbital angular momentum mathematically constitute a complete set of orthogonal basis vectors, thus enabling the encoding of high-dimensional information using orbital angular momentum. A state containing orbital angular momentum can be represented as:

[0059]

[0060] in, This represents the relative phase used for encoding, b A,B ∈{0,π} where 0 and π represent 0 and 1 in the encoding, respectively.

[0061] The spatial light modulator 324 carries different diffraction angles due to carrying different orders of orbital angular momentum, and is thus emitted by the Damman grating 400 to the corresponding measuring device. The orbital angular momentum that the Damman grating 400 can detect can be selected from one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional array structures, which increases with the expansion of the number of users.

[0062] In practice, the Damman grating 400 demultiplexes collinearly propagating orbital angular momentum multiplexed signals along different diffraction orders. The diffraction angles, i.e., the corresponding orders, can be arrayed. Currently, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional Damman gratings are available. Using the vortex phase of a traditional vortex grating as the main component, supplemented by a Damman structure, a one-dimensional vortex Damman grating is constructed, yielding the complex amplitude distribution:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, E nx The energy of the nth diffraction order is the normalized energy relative to the total energy, l. x This indicates the topological charge spacing carried by the vortex Dammann grating in the x-direction. The spatial phase angle is determined by the grating period T, which in turn determines the magnitude of the diffraction angle. x This indicates the diffraction order in the x-direction.

[0065] At this point, the topological charge order carried by the complex amplitude of each diffraction order is completely determined by n. x l x The term is determined because it is related to the diffraction series n. x The related terms mean that OAM beams of different orders enter different diffraction orders. The diffraction energy is equally distributed across the N orders of the Damman grating 400, solving the problem of detecting weak signals in higher orders in traditional gratings. Therefore, the dynamic range of orbital angular momentum channel detection is improved by the Damman grating 400. The incident coaxial OV beam carrying a large number of orbital angular momentum channels can be demultiplexed in parallel using a single Damman grating 400, eliminating the need for additional optical splitters or complex computer-generated holography in the detection system.

[0066] Therefore, the orbital angular momentum multiplexing and demultiplexing network system is implemented through a spatial light modulator 324 and a Damman grating 400, respectively. The number of orbital angular momentum multiplexes generated by the spatial light modulator 324 corresponds to N local user terminals 300, which can increase as the number of local user terminals 300 increases.

[0067] More specifically, the quantum key management cloud platform 200 also includes a quantum gateway 230;

[0068] The quantum gateway 230 is connected to the smart platform center 100 and the quantum key detection terminal 210, respectively.

[0069] More specifically, the local smart sub-platform 310 is connected to the quantum gateway 230 via a classical channel.

[0070] More specifically, the local smart sub-platform 310 is connected to the smart platform center 100 via a classic channel.

[0071] More specifically, the quantum key management cloud platform 200 also includes a quantum data management module 240;

[0072] The quantum data management module 240 is connected to the quantum key detection terminal 210.

[0073] In the specific implementation process, quantum data is managed / stored through the quantum data management module 240.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, a cooperative method based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, implemented using the aforementioned cooperative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, includes the following steps:

[0076] S1: One of the local smart sub-platforms of the communicating party requests communication from the smart platform center;

[0077] S2: The intelligent platform center transmits communication instructions to the key management cloud platform;

[0078] S3: After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the local smart sub-platform of the other communicating party;

[0079] S4: The two communicating parties each send single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters;

[0080] S5: The single-photon signal enters the Damman grating through the quantum channel. The Damman grating multiplexes the single-photon signal and transmits it to the quantum key detector for detection to obtain the detection result.

[0081] S6: Transmit the detection results to the detection result sending end, and the detection result sending end informs the local smart sub-platform of both communicating parties of the detection results;

[0082] S7: The local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and realize quantum communication through the generated secure key.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] This embodiment uses two users (local user terminal A and local user terminal B) as an example to illustrate the specific process of key distribution.

[0085] Local user terminals use a classic channel to publish an agreement that divides the phase interval (0, 2π) into M equal phase slices. k = 0, 1, ..., M-1.

[0086] Local user terminals A and B transmit unmodulated intensity and phase light, but the strong light modulated by the spatial light modulator is sent to the key management cloud platform via a Damman grating and a quantum channel, allowing the platform to calibrate the overall phase-stabilized channel and reduce phase mismatch. Next, local user terminals A and B attenuate the light pulse intensity to the single-photon level and modulate the phase and intensity. The phase and intensity modulation parameters are controlled by a random number generator, where the basis vector phase β is set. a,b ∈{0,π / 2} corresponds to the basis {X,Y}, and the modulation phase and intensity of the local user terminal A are α. a and μ a The modulation phase and intensity of the local user terminal B are α and α, respectively. b and μ b The emitted photons pass through the Damman grating and enter the key receiving and detection terminal of the key management cloud platform for detection.

[0087] The key management cloud platform publishes the detector response results for all rounds through the detection result sending end. Local user terminal A and local user terminal B set the variable K = 0 (π) according to which detector responded; no response and double response events are discarded.

[0088] Local user terminal A publishes the strength μ used through the classic channel. a , base phase β a Phase plate Δ k(a) Local user terminal B then publishes which rounds of parameters match and discards the rounds that do not match; then they publish the bit values ​​in the matching rounds, excluding the signal state X basis.

[0089] In order to generate bits on the basis of signal state X, the local user terminal B uses the relation K = |α a -α b |To obtain the bit phase α of local user terminal A a Local user terminal A and local user terminal B communicate via α a =0(π) to generate bit 0(1); the previously published bits are used for decoy state parameter estimation, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0090]

[0091] Local user terminal A and local user terminal B can obtain the original key based on the probe response. Finally, both parties perform post-processing, including eavesdropping detection, error analysis, and privacy amplification, to generate a secure key.

[0092] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are for convenience only and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooperative system based on Damman grating multi-channel quantum communication, characterized in that, This includes a smart platform center, a quantum key management cloud platform, a Damman grating, and multiple local user terminals; The quantum key management cloud platform includes a quantum key detection terminal and a detection result sending terminal; The local user terminal includes a local smart sub-platform and a quantum key transmission terminal; One of the local smart sub-platforms of the communication party requests communication from the smart platform center. The smart platform center transmits the communication instruction to the key management cloud platform. After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the other local smart sub-platform of the communication party. The local user terminals of both communicating parties each emit single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters. The single-photon signals enter the Damman grating through the quantum channel. The Damman grating multiplexes the single-photon signals and transmits them to the quantum key detection terminal of the quantum key management cloud platform for detection. The detection results are transmitted to the detection result transmitter, which then informs the local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties of the detection results. The local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and quantum communication is realized through the generated secure key.

2. The cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on Dammann gratings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantum key transmitter includes a laser source, an intensity modulator, a phase modulator, a spatial light modulator, and an adjustable optical attenuator connected in sequence. The output of the tunable optical attenuator is connected to the quantum key detector via a Dammann grating.

3. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quantum key transmitter also includes a random number generator; The output of the random number generator is connected to the input of the intensity modulator and the input of the phase modulator, respectively.

4. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quantum key detection terminal includes a beam splitter, a first single-photon detector, and a second single-photon detector; The output of the adjustable optical attenuator is connected to the input of the beam splitter via a Damman grating. The output of the beam splitter is connected to the input of the first single-photon detector and the input of the second single-photon detector, respectively. The outputs of the first single-photon detector and the second single-photon detector are connected to the detection result transmission end, respectively.

5. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Damman grating can be a one-dimensional Damman grating, a two-dimensional Damman grating, or a three-dimensional Damman grating.

6. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantum key management cloud platform also includes a quantum gateway; The quantum gateway is connected to the smart platform center and the quantum key detection terminal, respectively.

7. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 6, characterized in that, The local smart sub-platform is connected to the quantum gateway via a classical channel.

8. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local smart sub-platform is connected to the smart platform center via a classic channel.

9. A cooperative system for multi-channel quantum communication based on a Damman grating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantum key management cloud platform also includes a quantum data management module; The quantum data management module is connected to the quantum key detector.

10. A cooperative method for multi-channel quantum communication based on Damman gratings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: One of the local smart sub-platforms of the communicating party requests communication from the smart platform center; S2: The intelligent platform center transmits communication instructions to the key management cloud platform; S3: After receiving the request, the key management cloud platform informs the local smart sub-platform of the other communicating party; S4: The two communicating parties each send single-photon signals with different orbital angular momentum through their quantum key transmitters; S5: The single-photon signal enters the Damman grating through the quantum channel. The Damman grating multiplexes the single-photon signal and transmits it to the quantum key detector for detection to obtain the detection result. S6: Transmit the detection results to the detection result sending end, and the detection result sending end informs the local smart sub-platform of both communicating parties of the detection results; S7: The local smart sub-platforms of both communicating parties generate a secure key after QKD post-processing, and realize quantum communication through the generated secure key.

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