Enhancement for non-co-located in-band deployment

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for improving reception of concurrent transmissions from different network entities. A user equipment may receive a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity, and may also receive a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity. The UE may then determine whether to receive the first instance of the transmission based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference (e.g., a cyclic prefix duration of the transmission). The number of receivers for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 18 / 448,767, filed on August 11, 2023, and pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 398,214, filed on August 15, 2022, which are assigned to the assignee of the present application and are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth below and for all applicable purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The technology discussed below relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to techniques and apparatuses for improving reception of signals transmitted from different network entities (eg, base stations). Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the continued mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT)), and other requirements. In a 5G network, network entities may send various signals to enable user equipment to synchronize and connect to the network. Network entities may employ various techniques to reduce network-side power consumption. Summary of the invention

[0005] An overview of one or more aspects of the present disclosure is presented below to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This overview is not an extensive review of all expected features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to describe the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in a form as a preface to a more detailed description presented later.

[0006] A first example provides a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: a memory; a transceiver for wireless communication, the transceiver comprising a plurality of receivers; and a processor, the processor being communicatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver. The processor may be configured to: (a) receive a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity; (b) receive a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity; and / or (c) dynamically adjust the number of receivers used for receiving the first component carrier and receiving the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between receiving the first instance of the transmission and receiving the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

[0007] In one aspect, the first instance and the second instance of the transmission may include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission. If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, a first plurality of N receivers may be used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier. If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, a second plurality of N / 2 receivers may be used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

[0008] In another aspect, the first instance and the second instance of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission. If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, the first plurality of receivers may be used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier. If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, the second plurality of receivers may be used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

[0009] In yet another aspect, the processor may be further configured to: (a) adjust the first channel state feedback information after adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier; and / or (b) transmit the updated first channel state feedback information to the first network entity. The processor may be configured to: (c) adjust the second channel state feedback information after adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the second component carrier; and / or (d) transmit the updated second channel state feedback information to the second network entity. The channel state feedback information may include at least one of a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI).

[0010] On the other hand, the processor may be further configured to: dynamically adjust the number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier and the reception of the second component carrier based on the mobility state information of the UE.

[0011] In some specific implementations, if the mobility state information exceeds the mobility threshold, the first plurality of receivers may be used for receiving the first component carrier and for receiving the second component carrier. Similarly, if the mobility state information is less than the mobility threshold, the second plurality of receivers may be used for receiving the first component carrier and for receiving the second component carrier.

[0012] In yet another example, the processor may be further configured to: (a) establish a first time division duplex (TDD) communication link with the first network entity; and / or (b) establish a second time division duplex (TDD) communication link with the second network entity.

[0013] In another specific implementation, the processor may be further configured to dynamically adjust a low noise amplifier gain in a receiver chain for the first component carrier and the second component carrier based on the larger power spectrum of the first component carrier and the second component carrier. The low noise amplifier gain may be adjusted during symbol reception to exclude control channel information or reference signals.

[0014] A second example provides a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: (a) receiving a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity; (b) receiving a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity; and / or (c) dynamically adjusting a number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

[0015] A third example provides a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: (a) a component for receiving a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity; (b) a component for receiving a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity; and / or (c) a component for dynamically adjusting the number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

[0016] A fourth example provides a computer-readable storage medium storing executable code for causing a user equipment (UE) to: (a) receive a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity; (b) receive a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity; and / or (c) dynamically adjust a number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

[0017] After reading the following specific embodiments, these and other aspects of the present invention will become more fully understood. After reading the following description of specific exemplary implementations in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, other aspects, features and specific implementations will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Although each feature may be discussed with respect to certain examples and drawings below, all specific implementations may include one or more advantageous features in the advantageous features discussed herein. In other words, although one or more specific implementations may be discussed as having certain advantageous features, one or more features in such features may also be used according to the various examples discussed herein. In a similar manner, although each example may be discussed as a device, system or method specific implementation below, it should be understood that such examples can be implemented in various devices, systems and methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a wireless communication system according to some aspects.

[0019] Figure 2 is an illustration of an example of a radio access network (RAN) in accordance with some aspects.

[0020] Figure 3 is a diagram providing a high-level illustration of one example of a configuration of a decomposed base station in accordance with some aspects.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the organization of radio resources in an air interface utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) according to some embodiments.

[0022] Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system supporting multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication.

[0023] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating communication between multiple non-co-located network entities and a UE according to some aspects.

[0024] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in which a non-co-located network entity may transmit a signal to a UE capable of receiving the signal through a different component carrier having a reception time difference greater than a cyclic prefix duration.

[0025] Figure 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a UE employing a processing system.

[0026] Fig. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a method implemented by a UE for signal transmission and reception. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific embodiments described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are intended as descriptions of various configurations and are not intended to represent the only configurations with which the concepts described herein can be practiced. In order to provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the specific embodiments include specific details. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, in order to avoid blurring such concepts, known structures and components are shown in block diagram form.

[0028] Although various aspects and specific implementations are described in this application by way of illustration of some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional specific implementations and use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein may be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, specific implementations and / or uses may occur via integrated chips and other non-module component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchase equipment, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not specifically point to use cases or applications, various types of applicability of the described innovations may occur. Specific implementations may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level specific implementations, and further to the range of aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems in conjunction with one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical settings, the devices in conjunction with the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for specific implementations and practices of the claimed and described examples. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily include multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The innovations described herein are intended to be practiced in a variety of devices of different sizes, shapes, and configurations, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, disaggregated arrangements (e.g., base stations and UEs), end-user devices, etc.

[0029] Various aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for improving reception of concurrent transmissions from different network entities. A user equipment may receive a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity, and may also receive a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity. The UE may then dynamically adjust the number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference (e.g., a cyclic prefix duration of the transmission).

[0030] The various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may be implemented across a wide variety of telecommunication systems, network architectures, and communication standards. Figure 1 , various aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated with reference to a wireless communication system 100 as an illustrative example and not as a limitation. The wireless communication system 100 includes three interacting domains: a core network 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and a user equipment (UE) 106. By means of the wireless communication system 100, the UE 106 may be enabled to perform data communications with an external data network 110, such as (but not limited to) the Internet.

[0031] The RAN 104 may implement any suitable one or more wireless communication technologies to provide radio access to the UE 106. As an example, the RAN 104 may operate in accordance with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) New Radio (NR) specifications, commonly referred to as 5G. As another example, the RAN 104 may operate under a mix of 5G NR and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (eUTRAN) standards, commonly referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE). 3GPP refers to such a hybrid RAN as the Next Generation RAN or NG-RAN. Of course, many other examples may be utilized within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0032] As illustrated, RAN 104 includes multiple network entities (e.g., base station 108). In a broad sense, a base station is a network element in a radio access network that is responsible for radio transmission and reception to or from a UE in one or more cells. In different technologies, standards, or contexts, a base station may be referred to as a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), an access point (AP), a Node B (NB), an eNode B (eNB), a gNode B (gNB), a transmission and reception point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology by those skilled in the art. In some examples, a base station may include two or more TRPs that may be co-located or non-co-located. Each TRP may communicate on the same or different carrier frequencies in the same or different frequency bands.

[0033] RAN 104 is also illustrated as supporting wireless communications for multiple mobile devices. In the 3GPP standards, a mobile device may be referred to as a user equipment (UE), but those skilled in the art may also refer to it as a mobile station (MS), a user station, a mobile unit, a user unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile user station, an access terminal (AT), a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a terminal, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology. A UE may be a device (e.g., a mobile device) that provides access to network services to a user.

[0034] In this document, a "mobile" device does not necessarily need to have the ability to move, and it can be stationary. The term "mobile device" or "mobile device" refers to a wide variety of devices and technologies. A UE may include multiple hardware structural components of a size, shape, and arrangement that facilitate communication; such components may include antennas, antenna arrays, radio frequency (RF) chains, amplifiers, one or more processors, etc. that are electrically coupled to each other. For example, some non-limiting examples of mobile devices include mobile stations, cellular (cell) phones, smart phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smart books, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and a wide range of embedded systems, for example, corresponding to the "Internet of Things" (IoT). The mobile device may additionally be a car or other transportation vehicle, a remote sensor or actuator, a robot or robotic device, a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS) device, an object tracking device, a drone, a multi-axis aircraft, a quadcopter, a remote control device, a consumer and / or wearable device (such as glasses, wearable cameras, virtual reality devices, smart watches, health or fitness trackers, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, etc.). The mobile device may additionally be a digital home or smart home device, such as home audio, video and / or multimedia equipment, appliances, vending machines, smart lighting, home security systems, smart meters, etc. The mobile device may additionally be a smart energy device, security device, solar panel or solar array, municipal infrastructure equipment that controls power (e.g., smart grid), lighting, water, etc.; industrial automation and enterprise equipment; logistics controller; agricultural equipment, etc. Further, the mobile device may provide connected medicine or telemedicine support, such as health care at a distance. Telemedicine devices may include telemedicine monitoring devices and telemedicine management devices, whose communications may be given priority or priority access over other types of information, for example, in terms of priority access for the transmission of critical service data and / or associated QoS for the transmission of critical service data.

[0035] Wireless communication between RAN 104 and UE 106 may be described as utilizing an air interface. Transmissions from a base station (e.g., base station 108) to one or more UEs (e.g., UE 106) over the air interface may be referred to as downlink (DL) transmissions. According to certain aspects of the present disclosure, the term downlink may refer to point-to-multipoint transmissions originating at a network entity (further described below; e.g., base station 108 or a scheduling entity). Another way to describe this scheme may be to use the term "broadcast channel multiplexing". Transmissions from a UE (e.g., UE 106) to a base station (e.g., base station 108) may be referred to as uplink (UL) transmissions. According to further aspects of the present disclosure, the term "uplink" may refer to point-to-point transmissions originating at a scheduled entity (further described below; e.g., UE 106).

[0036] In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled, wherein a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station 108) allocates resources for communication between some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell. Within the present disclosure, as discussed further below, a scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more scheduled entities. That is, for scheduled communications, a UE 106 (which may be a scheduled entity) may utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity 108.

[0037] Base station 108 is not the only entity that can act as a scheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE can act as a scheduling entity, scheduling resources for one or more scheduled entities (eg, one or more other UEs).

[0038] As in Figure 1 , the scheduling entity 108 may broadcast downlink traffic 112 to one or more scheduled entities 106. In a broad sense, the scheduling entity 108 is a node or device responsible for scheduling traffic in the wireless communication network, which includes downlink traffic 112 and (in some examples) uplink traffic 116 from one or more scheduled entities 106 to the scheduling entity 108. On the other hand, the scheduled entity 106 is a node or device that receives downlink control information 114 (including but not limited to scheduling information (e.g., grants), synchronization or timing information, or other control information) from another entity in the wireless communication network (such as the scheduling entity 108). The scheduled entity 106 may also send uplink control information 118 (including but not limited to scheduling requests or feedback information or other control information) to the scheduling entity 108.

[0039] In addition, uplink and / or downlink control information 114 and / or 118 and / or business information 112 and / or 116 may be sent on a waveform that may be divided into frames, subframes, time slots and / or symbols in time. As used herein, a symbol may refer to a time unit that carries one resource element (RE) per subcarrier in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. A time slot may carry 7 or 14 OFDM symbols. A subframe may refer to a duration of 1 ms. Multiple subframes or time slots may be grouped together to form a single frame or radio frame. Within the present disclosure, a frame may refer to a predetermined duration (e.g., 10 ms) for wireless transmission, wherein each frame is composed of, for example, 10 subframes of 1 ms each. Of course, these definitions are not required, and any suitable scheme for organizing waveforms may be utilized, and the various time divisions of waveforms may have any suitable duration.

[0040] Generally speaking, the base stations 108 may include a backhaul interface for communicating with a backhaul portion 120 of the wireless communication system. The backhaul 120 may provide a link between the base stations 108 and the core network 102. Furthermore, in some examples, the backhaul network may provide interconnections between the respective base stations 108. Various types of backhaul interfaces may be employed, such as a direct physical connection using any suitable transport network, a virtual network, or the like.

[0041] The core network 102 may be part of the wireless communication system 100 and may be independent of the radio access technology used in the RAN 104. In some examples, the core network 102 may be configured according to 5G standards (e.g., 5GC). In other examples, the core network 102 may be configured according to 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or any other suitable standard or configuration.

[0042] Figure 2 is an illustration of an example of a RAN 200 according to some aspects. In some examples, the RAN 200 may be similar to the one described above and in Figure 1 . The geographic area covered by the RAN 200 may be divided into cells, which may be uniquely identified by a user equipment (UE) based on an identity broadcast from an access point or network entity. The network entity may be implemented in a converged or monolithic base station architecture (e.g., gNB), or in a disaggregated base station architecture, and may include one or more of a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a radio unit (RU), a near real-time (Near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (Non-RT) RIC.

[0043] Figure 2Cells 202, 204, 206, and 208 are illustrated, each of which may include one or more sectors (not shown). A sector is a sub-area of ​​a cell. All sectors within a cell are served by the same network entity (e.g., a base station). A radio link within a sector may be identified by a single logical identifier belonging to the sector. In a cell divided into sectors, multiple sectors within a cell may be formed by multiple groups of antennas, each of which is responsible for communicating with UEs in a portion of the cell.

[0044] Various base station arrangements can be used. Figure 2 , two base stations (base station 210 and base station 212) are shown in cells 202 and 204. A third base station (base station 214) is shown as controlling a remote radio head (RRH) 216 in cell 206. That is, the base station may have an integrated antenna or may be connected to an antenna or RRH 216 by a feeder cable. In the illustrated example, cells 202, 204, and 206 may be referred to as macro cells because base stations 210, 212, and 214 support cells with large sizes. In addition, base station 218 is shown in cell 208, which may overlap with one or more macro cells. In this example, cell 208 may be referred to as a small cell (e.g., micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, home base station, home Node B, home eNode B, etc.) because base station 218 supports a cell with a relatively small range. The cell size setting may be performed according to system design and component constraints.

[0045] It should be understood that the RAN 200 may include any number of wireless base stations and cells. In addition, relay nodes may be deployed to extend the size or coverage area of ​​a given cell. Base stations 210, 212, 214, 218 provide wireless access points to the core network for any number of mobile devices. In some examples, base stations 210, 212, 214, and / or 218 may be similar to those described above and in Figure 1 is the same as the base station / scheduling entity 108 illustrated in .

[0046] Figure 2 Also included is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 220, which may be a quadcopter or a drone. UAV 220 may be configured to act as a base station. That is, in some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of a mobile base station (such as quadcopter 220).

[0047] Within the RAN 200, cells may include UEs that may communicate with one or more sectors of each cell. In addition, each base station 210, 212, 214, 218, and 220 may be configured to provide access to the core network 102 (see FIG. 1 ) for all UEs in the corresponding cell. Figure 1) access point. For example, UEs 222 and 224 may communicate with base station 210; UEs 226 and 228 may communicate with base station 212; UEs 230 and 232 may communicate with base station 214 via RRH 216; UE 234 may communicate with base station 218; and UE 236 may communicate with mobile base station 220. In some examples, UEs 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, and / or 242 may communicate with the base stations described above and Figure 1 The same as the UE / scheduled entity 106 illustrated in .

[0048] In some examples, UAV 220 (eg, a quadcopter) can be configured to function as a UE. For example, UAV 220 can operate within cell 202 by communicating with base station 210.

[0049] In another aspect of the RAN 200, sidelink signals may be used between UEs without having to rely on scheduling or control information from a base station. Sidelink communications may be utilized in a device-to-device (D2D) network, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) network, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network, and / or other suitable sidelink networks. For example, two or more UEs (e.g., UEs 238, 240, and 242) may communicate with each other using sidelink signals 237 without relaying the communication through a base station. In some examples, UEs 238, 240, and 242 may each act as a scheduling entity or a sender sidelink device and / or a scheduled entity or a receiver sidelink device to schedule resources and communicate sidelink signals 237 between them without relying on scheduling or control information from a base station. In other examples, two or more UEs (e.g., UEs 226 and 228) within the coverage area of ​​a base station (e.g., base station 212) may also communicate sidelink signals 227 via a direct link (sidelink) without having to transmit the communication through base station 212. In this example, base station 212 may allocate resources to UEs 226 and 228 for sidelink communications.

[0050] In some examples, a D2D relay framework may be included within a cellular network to facilitate relaying of communications to / from base station 212 via a D2D link (e.g., side link 227 or 237). For example, one or more UEs (e.g., UE 228) within the coverage area of ​​base station 212 may operate as relay UEs to expand the coverage of base station 212, improve transmission reliability to one or more UEs (e.g., UE 226), and / or allow the base station to recover from a failed UE link due to, for example, blocking or fading.

[0051] In the RAN 200, the ability for a UE to communicate while moving (independent of its location) is called mobility. The various physical channels between the UE and the network are typically managed by an access and mobility management function (AMF, not shown). Figure 1 The function may include a security context management function (SCMF) and a security anchor function (SEAF) for performing authentication. The SCMF may manage the security context for both the control plane functionality and the user plane functionality in whole or in part.

[0052] In various aspects of the present disclosure, the RAN 200 may utilize DL-based mobility or UL-based mobility to implement mobility and handover (i.e., the UE's connection is transferred from one radio channel to another). In a network configured for DL-based mobility, during a call with a scheduling entity or at any other time, the UE may monitor various parameters of the signal from its serving cell and various parameters of neighboring cells. Based on the quality of these parameters, the UE may maintain communication with one or more neighboring cells. During this time, if the UE moves from one cell to another, or if the signal quality from a neighboring cell exceeds the signal quality from the serving cell for a given amount of time, the UE may perform a handover or handover from the serving cell to a neighboring (target) cell. For example, a UE 224 (illustrated as a vehicle, although any suitable form of UE may be used) may move from a geographic area corresponding to its serving cell 202 to a geographic area corresponding to a neighboring cell 206. When the signal strength or quality from a neighboring cell 206 exceeds the signal strength and quality of its serving cell 202 for a given amount of time, the UE 224 may send a report message indicating this to its serving base station 210. In response, UE 224 may receive the handover command, and the UE may proceed with the handover to cell 206 .

[0053] In a network configured for UL-based mobility, the network may select a serving cell for each UE using a UL reference signal from each UE. In some examples, base stations 210, 212, and 214 / 216 may broadcast a unified synchronization signal (e.g., a unified primary synchronization signal (PSS), a unified secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a unified physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). UEs 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, and 232 may receive the unified synchronization signal, derive carrier frequency and time slot timing from the synchronization signal, and send an uplink pilot or reference signal in response to the derived timing. The uplink pilot signal sent by a UE (e.g., UE 224) may be received concurrently by two or more cells (e.g., base stations 210 and 214 / 216) within the radio access network 200. Each of the cells may measure the strength of the pilot signal, and the radio access network (e.g., one or more of the base stations 210 and 214 / 216 and / or a central node within the core network) may determine a serving cell for the UE 224. As the UE 224 moves through the radio access network 200, the network may continue to monitor the uplink pilot signal sent by the UE 224. When the signal strength or quality of the pilot signal measured by the neighboring cell exceeds the signal strength or quality measured by the serving cell, the network 200 may handover the UE 224 from the serving cell to the neighboring cell with or without notifying the UE 224.

[0054] Although the synchronization signals transmitted by base stations 210, 212 and 214 / 216 may be uniform, the synchronization signal may not identify a specific cell, but may identify a zone of multiple cells operating on the same frequency and / or using the same timing. Using zones in a 5G network or other next generation communication network implements an uplink-based mobility framework and improves the efficiency of both the UE and the network, because the number of mobility messages that need to be exchanged between the UE and the network can be reduced.

[0055] In various specific implementations, the air interface in the RAN 200 may utilize licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or shared spectrum. Licensed spectrum generally provides exclusive use of a portion of the spectrum with the help of a mobile network operator purchasing a license from a government regulator. Unlicensed spectrum provides shared use of a portion of the spectrum without the need for a government-granted license. Although it is generally still necessary to comply with some technical rules to access the unlicensed spectrum, generally any operator or device can obtain access. Shared spectrum may fall between licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum, where some technical rules or restrictions may be required to access the spectrum, but the spectrum can still be shared by multiple operators and / or multiple RATs. For example, a license holder of a portion of a licensed spectrum may provide licensed shared access (LSA) to share the spectrum with other parties (e.g., with appropriate licensee-determined conditions to obtain access).

[0056] The air interface in the RAN 200 may utilize one or more duplex algorithms. Duplex refers to a point-to-point communication link in which two endpoints can communicate with each other in two directions. Full-duplex means that two endpoints can communicate with each other at the same time. Half-duplex means that only one endpoint can transmit information to the other endpoint at a time. Half-duplex emulation is often implemented for wireless links using time division duplex (TDD). In TDD, transmissions in different directions on a given channel are separated from each other using time division multiplexing. That is, at certain times, the channel is dedicated to transmissions in one direction, and at other times, the channel is dedicated to transmissions in another direction, where the direction can change very quickly, for example, several times per time slot. In wireless links, full-duplex channels generally rely on physical isolation of transmitters and receivers and suitable interference cancellation techniques. Full-duplex emulation is often implemented for wireless links by utilizing frequency division duplex (FDD) or space division duplex (SDD). In FDD, transmissions in different directions can operate at different carrier frequencies (e.g., within a paired spectrum). In SDD, transmissions in different directions on a given channel are separated from each other using spatial division multiplexing (SDM). In other examples, full-duplex communication can be implemented in an unpaired spectrum (e.g., in a single carrier bandwidth), where transmissions in different directions occur in different sub-bands of the carrier bandwidth. This type of full-duplex communication may be referred to herein as sub-band full-duplex (SBFD), also known as flexible duplex.

[0057] In addition, the air interface in the RAN 200 may utilize one or more multiplexing and multiple access algorithms to enable simultaneous communication of various devices. For example, the 5G NR specification provides multiple access for UL transmissions from UEs 222 and 224 to the base station 210, and multiplexing of DL transmissions from the base station 210 to one or more UEs 222 and 224 using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP). In addition, for UL transmissions, the 5G NR specification provides support for discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) with CP (also known as single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)). However, within the scope of the present disclosure, multiplexing and multiple access are not limited to the above schemes, and may be provided using time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), sparse code multiple access (SCMA), resource extension multiple access (RSMA), or other suitable multiple access schemes. Furthermore, multiplexing of DL transmissions from base station 210 to UEs 222 and 224 may be provided using time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), sparse code multiplexing (SCM), or other suitable multiplexing schemes.

[0058] Figure 3 is a diagram that provides a high-level illustration of an example of a configuration of a decomposed base station 300 according to some aspects. The decomposed base station 300 includes a CU 302, one or more DUs (three of which 304a, 304b, 304c are shown for convenience), and one or more RUs (two of which 306a and 306b are shown for convenience). Each DU 304a, 304b, and 304c can support the MAC and radio link control (RLC) layers of the radio protocol stack. Each RU 306a and 306b can support the PHY layer of the radio protocol stack. The CU 302 can support higher layers, such as the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) and RRC layers. One of the DUs (e.g., DU 304a) can be co-located with the CU 302, while the other DUs 304b and 304c can be distributed throughout the network. In addition, one of the RUs (e.g., RU 306a) may be co-located with the corresponding DU 304b, while the other RUs (e.g., RU306b) may be distributed throughout the network. The CU 302 and the DUs 304a, 304b, and 304c are logically connected via an F1 interface, which utilizes the F1 Application Protocol (F1-AP) to communicate information between the CU 302 and each of the DUs 304a, 304b, and 304c and to establish a Generic Tunneling Protocol (GTP) tunnel between the DU and the CU for each radio bearer.

[0059] Reference Figure 4Various aspects of the present disclosure are described with reference to the OFDM waveforms schematically illustrated in . It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to SC-FDMA waveforms in substantially the same manner as described herein below. That is, while some examples of the present disclosure may focus on OFDM links for clarity, it should be understood that the same principles can also be applied to SC-FDMA waveforms.

[0060] Reference now Figure 4 , illustrates an expanded view of an exemplary subframe 402 showing an OFDM resource grid. However, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the physical layer (PHY) transmission structure for any particular application may differ from the examples described herein depending on any number of factors. In this document, time is measured in units of OFDM symbols in the horizontal direction; and frequency is measured in units of subcarriers of a carrier in the vertical direction.

[0061] Resource grid 404 may be used to schematically represent the time-frequency resources for a given antenna port. That is, in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) implementation with multiple available antenna ports, a corresponding plurality of resource grids 404 may be available for communication. Resource grid 404 is divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs) 406. RE (which is 1 subcarrier × 1 symbol) is the smallest discrete portion of the time-frequency grid and contains a single complex value representing data from a physical channel or signal. Depending on the modulation utilized in a particular implementation, each RE may represent one or more bits of information. In some examples, a block of REs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), or more simply a resource block (RB) 408, which may contain any suitable number of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In one example, an RB may include 12 subcarriers (a number independent of the parameter set used). In some examples, depending on the parameter set, an RB may include any suitable number of consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain. Within the present disclosure, it is assumed that a single RB (such as RB 408) corresponds entirely to a single direction of communication (transmission or reception for a given device).

[0062] A collection of contiguous or non-contiguous resource blocks may be referred to herein as a resource block group (RBG), a subband, or a bandwidth part (BWP). A collection of subbands or BWPs may span the entire bandwidth. Scheduling a scheduled entity (e.g., a UE) for downlink, uplink, or sidelink transmission typically involves scheduling one or more resource elements 406 within one or more subbands or bandwidth parts (BWPs). Thus, a UE typically utilizes only a subset of a resource grid 404. In some examples, an RB may be the smallest resource unit that may be allocated to a UE. Thus, the more RBs scheduled for a UE, and the higher the modulation scheme selected for the air interface, the higher the data rate for the UE. The RBs may be scheduled by a network entity such as a scheduling entity or a base station (e.g., a gNB, eNB, etc.), or may be self-scheduled by a UE implementing D2D sidelink communication.

[0063] In this illustration, RB 408 is shown as occupying less than the entire bandwidth of subframe 402, with some subcarriers illustrated above and below RB 408. In a given implementation, subframe 402 may have a bandwidth corresponding to any number of one or more RBs 408. Furthermore, in this illustration, RB 408 is shown as occupying less than the entire duration of subframe 402, although this is only one possible example.

[0064] Each 1 ms subframe 402 may consist of one or more adjacent time slots. Figure 4 In the example shown, as an illustrative example, one subframe 402 includes four time slots 410. In some examples, a time slot may be defined according to a specified number of OFDM symbols with a given cyclic prefix (CP) length. For example, a time slot may include 7 or 14 OFDM symbols with a nominal CP. Additional examples may include micro-slots (sometimes referred to as shortened transmission time intervals (TTIs)) with shorter durations (e.g., one to three OFDM symbols). These micro-slots or shortened transmission time intervals (TTIs) may be transmitted in some cases by occupying resources that are scheduled for ongoing time slot transmissions for the same UE or different UEs. Any number of resource blocks may be utilized within a subframe or time slot.

[0065] An expanded view of one of the time slots 410 illustrates that the time slot 410 includes a control region 412 and a data region 414. In general, the control region 412 may carry control channels, and the data region 414 may carry data channels. Of course, a time slot may contain full DL, full UL, or at least one DL portion and at least one UL portion. Figure 4 The structures illustrated in are merely exemplary in nature, and different slot structures may be utilized and may include one or more regions in each of the control region and the data region.

[0066] Although in Figure 4 Although not illustrated in the figure, each RE 406 within the RB 408 may be scheduled to carry one or more physical channels, including control channels, shared channels, data channels, etc. Other REs 406 within the RB 408 may also carry pilot signals or reference signals. These pilot signals or reference signals may be provided to a receiving device to perform channel estimation of the corresponding channel, which may enable coherent demodulation / detection of control channels and / or data channels within the RB 408.

[0067] In some examples, time slot 410 may be utilized for broadcast, multicast, groupcast, or unicast communications. For example, broadcast, multicast, or groupcast communications may refer to point-to-multipoint transmissions from one device (e.g., a base station, UE, or other similar device) to other devices. In this document, broadcast communications are delivered to all devices, while multicast or groupcast communications are delivered to multiple intended receiving devices. Unicast communications may refer to point-to-point transmissions from one device to a single other device.

[0068] In an example of cellular communication on a cellular carrier via a Uu interface, for DL ​​transmission, a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station) may allocate one or more REs 406 (e.g., within a control region 412) to one or more scheduled entities (e.g., UEs) to carry DL control information including one or more DL control channels (such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)). The PDCCH carries downlink control information (DCI), including but not limited to power control commands (e.g., one or more open-loop power control parameters and / or one or more closed-loop power control parameters), scheduling information, grants, and / or assignments of REs for DL ​​transmission and UL transmission. The PDCCH may further carry a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback transmission, such as an acknowledgement (ACK) or a negative acknowledgement (NACK). HARQ is a technique known to those of ordinary skill in the art, in which the integrity of a packet transmission may be checked for accuracy at the receiving side, for example, using any suitable integrity check mechanism, such as a checksum or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). If the integrity of the transmission is confirmed, an ACK may be sent, and if it is not confirmed, a NACK may be sent. In response to the NACK, the sending device may transmit a HARQ retransmission, which may implement trace combining, incremental redundancy, and the like.

[0069] The network entity may further allocate one or more REs 406 (e.g., in the control region 412 or the data region 414) to carry other DL signals, such as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS); a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS); a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS); and a synchronization signal block (SSB). The SSB may be broadcast at regular intervals based on a periodicity (e.g., 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, or 160ms). The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast control channel (PBCH). The UE may use the PSS and SSS to achieve radio frame, subframe, time slot, and symbol synchronization in the time domain, identify the center of the channel (system) bandwidth in the frequency domain, and identify the physical cell identity (PCI) of the cell.

[0070] The PBCH in the SSB may also include a master information block (MIB) containing various system information and parameters for decoding a system information block (SIB). The SIB may be, for example, SystemInformationType 1 (SIB1), which may include various additional system information. The MIB and SIB1 together provide minimum system information (SI) for initial access. Examples of system information sent in the MIB may include, but are not limited to, subcarrier spacing (e.g., default downlink parameter set), system frame number, configuration of the PDCCH control resource set (CORESET) (e.g., PDCCH CORESET0), cell barring indicator, cell reselection indicator, grid offset, and search space for SIB1. Examples of remaining minimum system information (RMSI) sent in SIB1 may include, but are not limited to, random access search space, paging search space, downlink configuration information, and uplink configuration information. The base station may also send other system information (OSI).

[0071] In an UL transmission, a scheduled entity (e.g., a UE) may utilize one or more REs 406 to a scheduling entity to carry UL control information (UCI) including one or more UL control channels, such as a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The UCI may include various packet types and categories, including pilots, reference signals, and information configured to enable or assist in decoding uplink data transmissions. Examples of uplink reference signals may include a sounding reference signal (SRS) and an uplink DMRS. In some examples, the UCI may include a scheduling request (SR), i.e., a request to the scheduling entity to schedule an uplink transmission. In this document, in response to the SR sent on the UCI, the scheduling entity may send downlink control information (DCI), which may schedule resources for uplink packet transmissions. The UCI may also include HARQ feedback, channel state feedback (CSF) (such as a CSI report), or any other suitable UCI.

[0072] In addition to control information, one or more REs 406 (e.g., within the data region 414) may also be allocated for data services. Such data services may be carried on one or more service channels, such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for DL ​​transmissions, or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for UL transmissions. In some examples, one or more REs 406 within the data region 414 may be configured to carry other signals, such as one or more SIBs and DMRS. In some examples, the PDSCH may carry multiple SIBs, not limited to the SIB1 discussed above. For example, OSI may be provided in these SIBs (e.g., SIB2 and above SIBs).

[0073] In an example of sidelink communication over a sidelink carrier via a proximity service (ProSe) PC5 interface, a control region 412 of a time slot 410 may include a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) including sidelink control information (SCI) sent by an initiator (sender) sidelink device (e.g., a Tx V2X device or other Tx UE) toward a set of one or more other receiver sidelink devices (e.g., an Rx V2X device or other Rx UE). A data region 414 of the time slot 410 may include a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) including sidelink data traffic sent by an initiator (sender) sidelink device in resources reserved by the sender sidelink device on the sidelink carrier via the SCI. Other information may also be sent via various REs 406 within the time slot 410. For example, HARQ feedback information may be sent from a receiver sidelink device to a sender sidelink device in a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) within the time slot 410. Additionally, one or more reference signals may be sent within slot 410, such as a sidelink SSB, a sidelink CSI-RS, a sidelink SRS, and / or a sidelink positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0074] These physical channels described above are typically multiplexed and mapped to transport channels for processing at the medium access control (MAC) layer. Transport channels carry blocks of information called transport blocks (TBs). Based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and the number of RBs in a given transmission, the transport block size (TBS), which may correspond to the number of information bits, may be a controlled parameter.

[0075] Figure 4The channels or carriers illustrated in the figure are not necessarily all channels or carriers that can be utilized between devices, and a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other channels or carriers, such as other traffic channels, control channels, and feedback channels, may be utilized in addition to those illustrated.

[0076] These physical channels described above are typically multiplexed and mapped to transport channels for processing at the medium access control (MAC) layer. Transport channels carry blocks of information called transport blocks (TBs). Based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and the number of RBs in a given transmission, the transport block size (TBS), which may correspond to the number of information bits, may be a controlled parameter.

[0077] In some aspects of the present disclosure, a scheduling entity (eg, a network entity) and / or a scheduled entity (eg, a UE) may be configured for beamforming and / or multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques. Figure 5 An example of a wireless communication system 500 supporting MIMO is illustrated. In a MIMO system, a transmitter 502 includes multiple transmit antennas 504 (e.g., N transmit antennas), and a receiver 506 includes multiple receive antennas 508 (e.g., M receive antennas). Therefore, there are N×M signal paths 510 from the transmit antennas 504 to the receive antennas 508. Each of the transmitter 502 and the receiver 506 may be implemented, for example, within a network entity (e.g., the scheduling entity 108), the scheduled entity 106, a UE, or any other suitable wireless communication device.

[0078] The use of such multi-antenna technology enables wireless communication systems to exploit the spatial domain to support spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and transmit diversity. Spatial multiplexing can be used to simultaneously send different data streams (also referred to as layers) on the same time-frequency resources. These data streams can be sent to a single UE to increase the data rate or to multiple UEs to increase the total system capacity, the latter of which is called multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). This is achieved by spatially precoding each data stream (i.e., multiplying the data stream by different weights and phase shifts) and then sending each spatially precoded stream through multiple transmit antennas on the downlink. The spatially precoded data streams arrive at UEs with different spatial characteristics, which enable each of the UEs to recover one or more data streams destined for the UE. On the uplink, each UE sends a spatially precoded data stream, which enables the base station to identify the source of each spatially precoded data stream.

[0079] The number of data streams or layers corresponds to the rank of transmission. In general, the rank of the MIMO system 500 is limited to the lower of the number of transmit antennas 504 or receive antennas 508. In addition, the channel conditions at the UE and other considerations (such as the available resources at the base station) can also affect the transmission rank. For example, the rank assigned to a particular UE on the downlink (and therefore the number of data streams) can be determined based on a rank indicator (RI) sent from the UE to the base station. The RI can be determined based on the antenna configuration (e.g., the number of transmit antennas and receive antennas) on each of the receive antennas and the measured signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR). For example, the RI can indicate the number of layers that can be supported under the current channel conditions. The base station can use the RI and resource information (e.g., the available resources and amount of data to be scheduled for the UE) to assign a transmission rank to the UE.

[0080] In a time division duplex (TDD) system, UL and DL are reciprocal because they each use different time slots of the same frequency bandwidth. Therefore, in a TDD system, the base station can assign a rank for DL ​​MIMO transmission based on UL SINR measurements (e.g., based on a sounding reference signal (SRS) or other pilot signal sent from the UE). Based on the assigned rank, the base station can then send a CSI-RS with a separate C-RS sequence for each layer to provide multi-layer channel estimation. The UE can measure the channel quality across layers and resource blocks based on the CSI-RS, and feed back the RI and channel quality indicator (CQI) (which indicates to the base station the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to be used for transmission to the UE) to the base station for updating the rank and allocating REs for future downlink transmissions.

[0081] In the simplest case, Figure 5 As shown, a rank 2 spatial multiplexing transmission on a 2×2 MIMO antenna configuration will transmit one data stream from each transmit antenna 504. Each data stream follows a different signal path 510 to each receive antenna 508. The receiver 506 can then use the received signal from each receive antenna 508 to reconstruct the data stream.

[0082] Beamforming is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitter 502 or a receiver 506 to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam or a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitter 502 and the receiver 506. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals communicated via antennas 504 or 508 (e.g., antenna elements of an antenna array module) so that some signals experience constructive interference and other signals experience destructive interference. In order to produce the desired constructive / destructive interference, the transmitter 502 or the receiver 506 may apply an amplitude and / or phase offset to the signal transmitted or received from each of the antennas 504 or 508 associated with the transmitter 502 or the receiver 506.

[0083] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz–7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz–52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, although distinct from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0084] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz–24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4-a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz–71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz–114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz–300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0085] In view of the above aspects, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "below 6 GHz" or the like is used herein, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise specifically stated, it should be understood that if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used herein, it can be broadly referred to as a frequency that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0086] In 5G NR systems, especially for FR2 (mmWave) systems, beamformed signals can be used for most downlink channels, including PDCCH and PDSCH. In addition, broadcast control information (e.g., SSB, slot format indicator (SFI), and paging information) can be sent in a beam scanning manner so that all scheduled entities (UEs) in the coverage area of ​​the network entity (e.g., TRP, gNB) can receive the broadcast control information. In addition, for UEs configured with beamforming antenna arrays, beamformed signals can also be used for uplink channels (including PUCCH and PUSCH). In addition, beamformed signals can also be used in D2D systems that utilize FR2 (such as NR sidelink or V2X).

[0087] Figure 6 6 is a diagram illustrating communication between multiple network entities 604 and 605 and UE 602 using beamformed signals according to some aspects. Each network entity 604 and 605 may be Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 Any of the scheduling entities or base stations (e.g., gNBs) illustrated in FIG. 6 , and UE 602 may be Figure 1 and / or Figure 2 Any UE or scheduled entity among the UEs or scheduled entities illustrated in .

[0088] Each network entity 604 and / or 605 may generally be capable of communicating with the UE 602 using one or more transmit beams, and the UE 602 may further be capable of communicating with each network entity 604 and / or 605 using one or more receive beams. As used herein, the term transmit beam refers to a beam that can be used on the network entity 604 for downlink or uplink communication with the UE 602. In addition, the term receive beam refers to a beam that can be used on the UE 602 for downlink or uplink communication with each network entity 604 and / or 605.

[0089] exist Figure 6In the example shown, the first network entity 604 is configured to generate a plurality of transmit beams 606a-606h, each of which is associated with a different spatial direction. Similarly, the second network entity 605 is configured to generate a plurality of transmit beams 607a-607c, each of which is associated with a different spatial direction. In addition, the UE 602 is configured to generate a plurality of receive beams 608a-608e, each of which is associated with a different spatial direction. It should be noted that although some beams are illustrated as being adjacent to each other, such an arrangement may be different in different aspects. For example, the transmit beams 606a-606h transmitted during the same symbol may not be adjacent to each other. In some examples, the network entity 604 and / or 605 and the UE 602 may each transmit more or fewer beams distributed in all directions (e.g., 360 degrees) and in three dimensions. In addition, the transmit beams 606a-606h may include beams with varying beam widths. For example, the network entity 604 may send certain signals (eg, SSB) on a wider beam and other signals (eg, CSI-RS) on a narrower beam.

[0090] The first network entity 604 and the UE 602 may use a beam management procedure to select one or more transmit beams 606a-606h on the network entity 604 and one or more receive beams 608a-608e on the UE 602 for communicating uplink signals and downlink signals therebetween. Similarly, the second network entity 605 and the UE 602 may use a beam management procedure to select one or more transmit beams 607a-607c on the network entity 605 and one or more receive beams 608a-608e on the UE 602 for communicating uplink signals and downlink signals therebetween. In one example, during initial cell acquisition, the UE 602 may perform a P1 beam management procedure to scan the plurality of transmit beams 606a-606h on the plurality of receive beams 608a-608e to select a beam pair link (e.g., one of the transmit beams 606a-606h and one of the receive beams 608a-608e) for a physical random access channel (PRACH) procedure for initial access to the cell. For example, periodic SSB beam scanning may be implemented at a specific interval (e.g., based on SSB periodicity) at the network entity 604. Thus, the network entity 604 may be configured to scan or transmit SSBs on each of the plurality of wider transmit beams 606a-606h during the beam scanning interval. The UE 602 may measure a reference signal received power (RSRP) of each of the SSB transmit beams on each of the receive beams of the UE 602, and select transmit and receive beams based on the measured RSRP. In an example, the selected receive beam may be the receive beam on which the highest RSRP is measured, and the selected transmit beam may have the highest RSRP measured on the selected receive beam.

[0091] After completing the PRACH procedure, the network entity 604 and the UE 602 may perform a P2 beam management procedure for beam refinement at the network entity 604. For example, the network entity 604 may be configured to scan or transmit CSI-RS on each of a plurality of narrower transmit beams 606a-606h. Each of the narrower CSI-RS beams may be a sub-beam of a selected SSB transmit beam (e.g., within a spatial direction of the SSB transmit beam). The transmission of the CSI-RS transmit beam may occur periodically (e.g., as configured by the gNB via radio resource control (RRC) signaling), semi-persistently (e.g., as configured by the gNB via RRC signaling and activated / deactivated via medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) signaling), or aperiodically (e.g., as triggered by the gNB via downlink control information (DCI)). The UE 602 is configured to scan the multiple CSI-RS transmit beams 606a-606h across the multiple receive beams 608a-608e. The UE 602 then performs beam measurements (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.) on the CSI-RS received on each of the receive beams 608a-608e to determine the respective beam quality of each of the CSI-RS transmit beams 606a-606h, as measured on each of the receive beams 608a-608e.

[0092] The UE 602 may then generate and send a layer 1 (L1) measurement report to the network entity 604, which includes a corresponding beam index (e.g., CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI)) and beam measurements (e.g., RSRP or SINR) for one or more of the CSI-RS transmit beams 606a-606h on one or more of the receive beams 608a-608e. The network entity 604 may then select one or more CSI-RS transmit beams on which to communicate downlink control and / or data and / or uplink control and / or data with the UE 602. In some examples, the selected CSI-RS transmit beam has the highest RSRP from the L1 measurement report. The transmission of the L1 measurement report may occur periodically (e.g., as configured by the gNB via RRC signaling), semi-persistently (e.g., as configured by the gNB via RRC signaling and activated / deactivated via MAC-CE signaling), or aperiodically (e.g., triggered by the gNB via DCI).

[0093] The UE 602 may further select a corresponding receive beam on the UE 602 for each selected serving CSI-RS transmit beam to form a corresponding beam pair link (BPL) for each selected serving CSI-RS transmit beam. For example, the UE 602 may utilize beam measurements obtained during a P2 procedure or perform a P3 beam management procedure to obtain new beam measurements for the selected CSI-RS transmit beam to select a corresponding receive beam for each selected transmit beam. In some examples, the selected receive beam to be paired with a particular CSI-RS transmit beam may be the receive beam on which the highest RSRP is measured for the particular CSI-RS transmit beam.

[0094] In some examples, in addition to performing CSI-RS beam measurements, the network entity 604 may configure the UE 602 to perform SSB beam measurements and provide an L1 measurement report containing beam measurements of the SSB transmit beams 606a-606h. For example, the network entity 604 may configure the UE 602 to perform SSB beam measurements and / or CSI-RS beam measurements for beam failure detection (BRD), beam failure recovery (BFR), cell reselection, beam tracking (e.g., for mobile UE 602 and / or network entity 604), or other beam optimization purposes.

[0095] In addition, when the channel is reciprocal, an uplink beam management scheme may be used to select transmit beams and receive beams. In an example, the UE 602 may be configured to scan or transmit on each of a plurality of receive beams 608a-608e. For example, the UE 602 may transmit an SRS on each beam in a different beam direction. In addition, the network entity 604 may be configured to receive uplink beam reference signals on a plurality of transmit beams 606a-606h. The network entity 604 then performs beam measurements (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.) on the beam reference signals on each of the transmit beams 606a-606h to determine the corresponding beam quality of each of the receive beams 608a-608e, as measured on each of the transmit beams 606a-606h.

[0096] The network entity 604 may then select one or more transmit beams on which to communicate downlink and / or uplink control and / or data with the UE 602. In some examples, the selected transmit beam has the highest RSRP. The UE 602 may then select a corresponding receive beam for each selected serving transmit beam using, for example, the P3 beam management procedure as described above to form a respective beam pair link (BPL) for each selected serving transmit beam.

[0097] In one example, a single CSI-RS transmit beam (e.g., beam 606d) on the network entity 604 and a single receive beam (e.g., beam 608c) on the UE may form a single BPL for communication between the network entity 604 and the UE 602. In another example, multiple CSI-RS transmit beams (e.g., beams 606c, 606d, and 606e) on the network entity 604 and a single receive beam (e.g., beam 608c) on the UE 602 may form respective BPLs for communication between the network entity 604 and the UE 602. In another example, multiple CSI-RS transmit beams (e.g., beams 606c, 606d, and 606e) on the network entity 604 and multiple receive beams (e.g., beams 608c and 608d) on the UE 602 may form multiple BPLs for communication between the network entity 604 and the UE 602. In this example, a first BPL may include a transmit beam 606c and a receive beam 608c, a second BPL may include a transmit beam 608d and a receive beam 608c, and a third BPL may include a transmit beam 608e and a receive beam 608d.

[0098] In addition to the L1 measurement report, the UE 602 may also utilize the beam reference signal to estimate the channel quality of the channel between the network entity 604 and the UE 602. For example, the UE 602 may measure the SINR of each received CSI-RS and generate a CSI report based on the measured SINR. The CSI report may include, for example, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and / or a layer indicator (LI). The network entity (e.g., a gNB) may use the CSI report to select a rank for the UE, along with a precoding matrix and an MCS for future downlink transmissions to the UE. The MCS may be selected from one or more MCS tables, each MCS table being associated with a particular type of coding (e.g., polar coding, LDPC, etc.) or modulation (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 64 QAM, 256 QAM, etc.). The LI may be used to indicate which column of the precoding matrix for the reported PMI corresponds to the strongest layer codeword corresponding to the reported maximum wideband CQI.

[0099] To distinguish between different types of reports (including CSI reports and L1 measurement reports) and different types of measurements, the network entity 604 may configure one or more reporting settings for the UE 602. Each reporting setting may be associated with a reference signal configuration indicating a configuration of one or more reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS) used to generate a CSI report. In some examples, the reporting setting may be associated with a combined reference signal configuration.

[0100] To improve wireless communications, some network operators may send the same transmission from multiple network entities 604 and 605 to UE 602. Carrier aggregation (CA) of received signal transmissions may be employed at UE 602 to more accurately decode the content therein. Carrier aggregation is a technique used in wireless communications to increase data transmission rates by which multiple frequency blocks (referred to as component carriers or CCs) are assigned to the same UE. The more frequency blocks assigned to a UE, the higher the maximum possible data rate per UE.

[0101] Additionally, when transmitting OFDM signals in a dispersive channel, the transmissions between network entities 604 and 605 and UE 602 may use a cyclic prefix to prevent inter-symbol interference (ISI). The cyclic prefix (CP) is essentially an identical copy of the last portion of an OFDM symbol appended before the OFDM symbol. The CP preserves the orthogonality of the subcarriers and prevents ISI between consecutive OFDM symbols.

[0102] When network entities are located near each other (e.g., co-located), multiple concurrent transmissions of the same signal will arrive at the UE 602 at approximately the same time. For example, some operators may have multiple channels in the frequency range 1 (FR1) covering 4.1 GHz to 7.125 GHz, which may be used for time division duplex (TDD) communication bands in 5G (e.g., LTE bands 42 / n77 / n78). For co-located network entities, it is expected that the power differences between their component carriers (CCs) when they are received at the UE are relatively small. Therefore, it is expected that the receive time difference (RTD) between CCs located at the UE is small (e.g., substantially within the duration of the transmitted cyclic prefix (CP)).

[0103] Some network deployments in the 3.5 GHz band have non-co-located network entities (e.g., base stations) that may be located at locations that are remote or far from each other. Therefore, there is a need to aggregate carriers transmitted from non-co-located network entities (carrier aggregation (CA) or such as E-UTRA New Radio Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) or New Radio Dual Connectivity (NR-DC)). However, even if the network entities (e.g., base stations) are expected to be synchronized (e.g., within 3µs), when the network entities are located at different locations or non-co-located (e.g., different distances and / or directions from the UE), the receive time difference (RTD) between CCs at the UE may be greater than the maximum receive time difference (MRTD) that can be allowed. For example, the receive time difference may exceed the duration of the transmitted CP. This is problematic because the RF front-end implementation (e.g., radio chain) for the UE uses antenna and low noise amplifier (LNA) sharing, and thereafter the received transmission or signal is split into multiple paths so that each component carrier (CC) therein is processed separately in the baseband. In order not to affect performance, the received transmission or signal should not be distorted by the LNA. Large power spectral density (PSD) differences between CCs or LNA gain switching that occurs during the useful part of the received signal (i.e., during the useful part of the symbol, not within the CP duration) can cause LNA distortion. Therefore, it is necessary to support a maximum receive time difference between received CCs that is greater than the CP duration.

[0104] Figure 7 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system in which non-co-located network entities may transmit signals to UEs capable of receiving the signals via different CCs having a reception time difference greater than a CP duration. A first network entity 702 may establish a wireless communication link 708 with a UE 704, and a second network entity 706 may establish a wireless communication link 710 with the UE. The first network entity 702 may transmit a first instance of the signal transmission in a first component carrier 612, and the second network entity 706 may transmit a second instance of the same signal transmission in a second component carrier. Because the first network entity 702 and the second network entity 706 may be located in places separated from each other (e.g., at different locations and / or directions relative to the UE 704), the first instance 712 and the second instance 714 of the signal transmission may have a reception time difference greater than a CP duration of a symbol in the signal transmission at the receiving UE 704.

[0105] Additionally, because UE 704 may be moving, for example, toward or away from one of the network entities, the power spectral density (PSD) of received signaling 712 and signaling 714 may change over time.

[0106] To accommodate reception time differences exceeding the CP duration, the UE 704 may be configured to adjust the receiver chain to utilize more or fewer receivers to receive component carriers from the network entity.

[0107] In one approach, the UE 704 may adjust the low noise amplifier gain (LNA) in the uplink (UL) to downlink (DL) gap in a time division duplex (TDD) system, e.g., an LNA gain stage switch in a receiver chain. It is expected that the DL to UL gap is frequent enough (e.g., at least once every 5 ms) so that the LNA gain switch is not too late. However, this approach may not work in fast fading channels that are more common for high mobility UEs.

[0108] In another method, the UE 704 may dynamically switch or adjust the number of receivers used per CC according to the actual reception time difference between CCs. For example, the UE 704 may switch or adjust between four receivers per CC to two receivers per CC according to the actual reception time difference.

[0109] If the RTD is within the CP duration for signal transmission, the UE 704 may use four receivers per CC. However, if the RTD is greater than the CP duration, the UE 704 may use two receivers per CC. The UE 704 may adjust or update its channel state feedback information. Such channel state feedback information may include, for example, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) for each communication link with the network entities 702 and 704. For each communication link or channel, the channel state information may be transmitted 720 to the network entity 702 and the channel state information may be transmitted 722 to the network entity 706.

[0110] In another approach, the UE 704 may dynamically switch or adjust the number of receivers per CC used according to the mobility state of the UE 704. For example, if the UE 704 is highly mobile (e.g., the UE is in a car or a train), the UE 704 may use four receivers per CC. Otherwise, the UE 704 may use two receivers per CC.

[0111] In yet another method, the UE 704 may dynamically adjust its low noise amplifier (LNA) gain state during reception of symbols that do not contain a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or reference signals (DMRS, PTRS, etc.) used for channel estimation or synchronization.

[0112] In yet another method, the UE 704 may dynamically adjust its low noise amplifier (LNA) gain state during the time slots / symbols in which it is scheduled with a lower modulation and coding scheme (MCS).

[0113] In yet another approach, the UE 704 may align the switching of its LNA gain to align with the symbol boundaries of the CC with the higher received power. The lower power CC will have a lower MCS and therefore less distortion impact.

[0114] Subsequently, the UE 704 may perform carrier aggregation (CA) 724 using the obtained two CCs and then obtain symbols from the aggregated signal 726 .

[0115] Figure 8 800 that employs a processing system 814. The UE 800 may be implemented using a processing system 814 that includes one or more processors 804. Examples of the processor 804 include a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a state machine, a gated logic, a discrete hardware circuit, and other suitable hardware configured to perform various functionalities described throughout the present disclosure. In various examples, the UE 800 may be configured to perform any one or more of the functions described herein. That is, the processor 804 as utilized in the UE 800 may be used to implement the various functions described in the present disclosure. Figures 1 to 7 and Fig. 9 Any one or more of the processes and procedures described and illustrated in .

[0116] In some examples, the processor 804 may be implemented via a baseband or modem chip, and in other implementations, the processor 804 may include several devices distinct and other than a baseband or modem chip (e.g., in scenarios such as those that may work together to implement the examples discussed herein). And as mentioned above, various hardware arrangements and components outside of a baseband modem processor may be used in implementations, including RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.

[0117] In this example, the processing system 814 may be implemented using a bus architecture (generally represented by bus 802). The bus 802 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges, depending on the specific application of the processing system 814 and the overall design constraints. The bus 802 communicatively couples various circuits including one or more processors (generally represented by processor 804), memory 805, and computer-readable media (generally represented by computer-readable media 806). The bus 802 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described. The bus interface 808 provides an interface between the bus 802 and the transceiver 810. The transceiver 810 provides a communication interface or component for communicating with various other devices through a transmission medium. Depending on the nature of the device, a user interface 812 (e.g., a keypad, display, speaker, microphone, joystick) may also be provided. Of course, such a user interface 812 is optional and may be omitted in some examples.

[0118] The transceiver 810 may include a radio chain including a plurality of antennas 811 , a plurality of transmitters 817 and receivers 815 , and a low noise amplifier (LNA) 813 that can be adjusted dynamically.

[0119] The processor 804 is responsible for managing the bus 802 and general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium 806. The software, when executed by the processor 804, causes the processing system 814 to perform the various functions described below for any particular device. The computer-readable medium 806 and memory 805 may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor 804 when executing the software.

[0120] One or more processors 804 in the processing system can execute software. Software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, processes, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or other. The software may reside on a computer-readable medium 806. The computer-readable medium 806 may be a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Non-transitory computer-readable media include, for example, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., compact discs (CDs) or digital versatile discs (DVDs)), smart cards, flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks or key drives), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), registers, removable disks, and any other suitable medium for storing software and / or instructions that can be accessed and read by a computer. The computer readable medium 806 may reside in the processing system 814, be external to the processing system 814, or be distributed across multiple entities including the processing system 814. The computer readable medium 806 may be embodied in a computer program product. For example, a computer program product may include a computer readable medium in packaging materials. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to best implement the described functionality presented throughout this disclosure, depending on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0121] In one example, computer readable media 806 may include communication and processing instructions 852 , LNA gain adjustment instructions 854 , and receiver adjustment instructions 856 .

[0122] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the processor 804 may include a communication and processing circuit system 840 that is configured for various functions, including, for example, communicating with a network core (e.g., a 5G core network), a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station), or any other entity, such as, for example, a local infrastructure or an entity that communicates with the UE 800 via the Internet (such as a network provider). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include one or more hardware components that provide a physical structure that performs processes related to wireless communication (e.g., signal reception and / or signal transmission) and signal processing (e.g., processing received signals and / or processing signals for transmission). For example, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include one or more transmit / receive chains. In addition, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may be configured to receive and process uplink traffic and uplink control messages (e.g., similar to Figure 1The communication and processing circuit system 840 may be configured to execute communication and processing software 850 stored on the computer-readable medium 806 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0123] In some implementations where the communication involves receiving information, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may obtain information from a component of the UE 800 (e.g., from a transceiver 810 that receives information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for an applicable communication medium), process (e.g., decode) the information, and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may output the information to another component of the processor 804, to the memory 805, or to the bus interface 808. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may receive one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may receive information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include functionality for components for receiving. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include functionality for components for processing, including components for demodulation, components for decoding, and the like.

[0124] In some implementations where communication involves transmitting (e.g., sending) information, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may obtain information (e.g., from another component of the processor 804, the memory 805, or the bus interface 808), process the information (e.g., modulate, encode, etc. the information), and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may output the information to the transceiver 810 (e.g., which transmits the information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for the applicable communication medium). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may transmit one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may transmit information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include functionality for components for transmitting (e.g., components for sending). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit system 840 may include functionality for components for generating, including components for modulating, components for encoding, and the like.

[0125] In some aspects of the disclosure, processor 804 may include communication and processing circuitry 842 , LNA gain adjustment circuitry 844 , and receiver adjustment circuitry 846 .

[0126] Fig. 9 904 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a method implemented by a UE for reception of a signal transmission. The UE may receive a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier from a first network entity 902. The UE may also receive a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier from a second network entity 904. The UE may then dynamically adjust the number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference 906.

[0127] In one example, the first instance and the second instance of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission. If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, the UE may use a first plurality of receivers for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier. Similarly, if the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, the UE may use a second plurality of receivers for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier. Switching or adjustment of the number of receivers for each component carrier may occur, for example, prior to reception of the component carrier. In one example, the first plurality of receivers is N, where N is a positive integer greater than one (1), and the second plurality of receivers is N / 2.

[0128] The UE may also adjust the first channel state feedback information 908 after adjusting the number of receivers used for receiving the first component carrier, and then transmit the updated first channel state feedback information 910 to the first network entity. Similarly, the UE may also adjust the second channel state feedback information after adjusting the number of receivers used for receiving the second component carrier, and then transmit the updated second channel state feedback information to the second network entity. In some examples, the channel state feedback information may include at least one of a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI).

[0129] In another exemplary implementation, the UE may dynamically adjust the number of receivers used for receiving the first component carrier and receiving the second component carrier based on the mobility state information of the UE. For example, if the mobility state information exceeds the mobility threshold, the first plurality of receivers may be used for receiving the first component carrier and receiving the second component carrier. Otherwise, if the mobility state information is less than the mobility threshold, the second plurality of receivers may be used for receiving the first component carrier and receiving the second component carrier.

[0130] In some implementations, the UE may establish a first time division duplex (TDD) communication link with a first network entity and may also establish a second time division duplex (TDD) communication link with a second network entity.

[0131] In yet another specific implementation, the UE may also dynamically adjust low noise amplifier gains in receiver chains for the first component carrier and the second component carrier based on the larger power spectrum of the first component carrier and the second component carrier.

[0132] Several aspects of wireless communication networks have been presented with reference to exemplary implementations. As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, various aspects described throughout this disclosure may be extended to other telecommunication systems, network architectures, and communication standards.

[0133] For example, various aspects may be implemented within other systems defined by 3GPP, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), Evolved Packet System (EPS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and / or Global System for Mobile (GSM). Various aspects may also be extended to systems defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), such as CDMA2000 and / or Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO). Other examples may be implemented within systems employing IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth, and / or other suitable systems. The actual telecommunication standard, network architecture, and / or communication standard employed will depend on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system.

[0134] Within the present disclosure, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". Any specific implementation or aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or superior to other aspects of the present disclosure. Likewise, the term "aspect" does not require that all aspects of the present disclosure include the discussed features, advantages, or modes of operation. The term "coupled" is used herein to refer to a direct or indirect coupling between two objects. For example, if object A physically contacts object B, and object B contacts object C, objects A and C may still be considered to be coupled to each other, even if they are not in direct physical contact with each other. For example, a first object may be coupled to a second object, even if the first object has never been in direct physical contact with the second object. The terms "circuit" and "circuitry" are used broadly, and they are intended to include both hardware implementations of electronic devices and conductors (where these electronic devices and conductors, when connected and configured, implement the execution of the functions described in the present disclosure, without limitation on the type of electronic circuits) and software implementations of information and instructions (where these information and instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the execution of the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0135] Figures 1 to 9One or more of the components, steps, features, and / or functions illustrated in the embodiments may be rearranged and / or combined into a single component, step, feature, or function or may be embodied in several components, steps, or functions. Additional elements, components, steps, and / or functions may also be added without departing from the novel features disclosed herein. Figures 1 to 9 The apparatus, device and / or component illustrated in the can be configured to perform one or more of the methods, features or steps described herein. The novel algorithms described herein can also be effectively implemented in software and / or embedded in hardware.

[0136] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed methods is an illustration of an exemplary process. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in these methods can be rearranged based on design preferences. The attached method claims present elements of various steps in an example order, but are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless explicitly stated herein.

[0137] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the various aspects shown herein, but to conform to the full scope consistent with the text of the claims, wherein unless explicitly stated otherwise, reference to an element in the singular form is not intended to mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. The phrase "at least one" referring to a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including a single member. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover: a; b; c; a and b; a and c; b and c; and a, b, and c. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various aspects described throughout the present disclosure that are known or will be known later to a person of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. In addition, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims, anything disclosed herein is not intended to be disclosed to the public. No claim element is to be construed under 35 USC §112(f) unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in the case of a method claim, the phrase “step for.”

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: Memory; a transceiver for wireless communication, the transceiver comprising a plurality of receivers; and a processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to: receiving, from a first network entity, a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier; receiving, from a second network entity, a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier; and The number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

2. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first and second instances of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission, and If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, a first plurality of N receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier; and If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, a second plurality of N / 2 receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

3. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first and second instances of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission, and If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, the first plurality of receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier; and If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, a second plurality of receivers is used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: After adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier, adjusting first channel state feedback information; and The updated first channel state feedback information is transmitted to the first network entity.

5. The UE according to claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to: After adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the second component carrier, adjusting second channel state feedback information; and The updated second channel state feedback information is transmitted to the second network entity. 6 . The UE according to claim 4 , wherein the first channel state feedback information comprises at least one of a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI).

7. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: The number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier and the reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted based on the mobility state information of the UE.

8. The UE according to claim 7, wherein If the mobility state information exceeds a mobility threshold, a first plurality of receivers are used for receiving the first component carrier and for receiving the second component carrier; and If the mobility state information is less than the mobility threshold, a second plurality of receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier.

9. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: establishing a first time division duplex (TDD) communication link with the first network entity; and A second time division duplex (TDD) communication link is established with the second network entity.

10. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: Low noise amplifier gains in receiver chains for the first component carrier and the second component carrier are dynamically adjusted based on the larger power spectra of the first component carrier and the second component carrier.

11. The UE of claim 10, wherein the low noise amplifier gain is adjusted during symbol reception to exclude control channel information or reference signals.

12. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from a first network entity, a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier; receiving, from a second network entity, a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier; as well as The number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second instances of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission, and If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, a first plurality of N receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier; and If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, a second plurality of N / 2 receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second instances of the transmission include a cyclic prefix for symbols within the transmission, and If the reception time difference is less than the duration of the cyclic prefix, the first plurality of receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier; and If the reception time difference exceeds the duration of the cyclic prefix, a second plurality of receivers is used for reception of the first component carrier and for reception of the second component carrier.

15. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: adjusting first channel state feedback information after adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier; as well as The updated first channel state feedback information is transmitted to the first network entity.

16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: adjusting second channel state feedback information after adjusting the number of receivers used for the reception of the second component carrier; as well as The updated second channel state feedback information is transmitted to the second network entity. 17 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein the second channel state feedback information comprises at least one of a channel quality indicator (CQI), a rank indicator (RI), and a precoding matrix indicator (PMI).

18. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: The number of receivers used for the reception of the first component carrier and the reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted based on the mobility state information of the UE.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein If the mobility state information exceeds a mobility threshold, a first plurality of receivers are used for receiving the first component carrier and for receiving the second component carrier; and If the mobility state information is less than the mobility threshold, a second plurality of receivers are used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier.

20. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: establishing a first time division duplex (TDD) communication link with the first network entity; as well as A second time division duplex (TDD) communication link is established with the second network entity.

21. The method according to claim 12, further comprising: Low noise amplifier gains in receiver chains for the first component carrier and the second component carrier are dynamically adjusted based on the larger power spectra of the first component carrier and the second component carrier.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the low noise amplifier gain is adjusted during symbol reception to exclude control channel information or reference signals.

23. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the user equipment (UE) comprising: means for receiving, from a first network entity, a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier; means for receiving, from a second network entity, a second instance of said transmission in a second component carrier; and Means for dynamically adjusting a number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

24. A computer readable storage medium storing executable code for causing a user equipment (UE) to: receiving, from a first network entity, a first instance of a transmission in a first component carrier; receiving, from a second network entity, a second instance of the transmission in a second component carrier; as well as The number of receivers used for reception of the first component carrier and reception of the second component carrier is dynamically adjusted based on whether a reception time difference between reception of the first instance of the transmission and reception of the second instance of the transmission exceeds a maximum reception time difference.

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